新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题01-冠词（2份打包，原卷版+解析版）

这是一份新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题01-冠词（2份打包，原卷版+解析版），文件包含新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题01-冠词原卷版doc、新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题01-冠词解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共31页， 欢迎下载使用。
【命题趋势】
冠词是历年高考英语试题中的常考点。主要考查在理解冠词基本含义的基础上，在具体语境下的冠词的运用，主要包括定冠词和不定冠词的用法区别，特指与泛指以及习语中的冠词用法。
【重要考向】
一、不定冠词a, an用法；
二、定冠词the的用法；
三、含有冠词的词组辨析。
考向一
不定冠词
【典例】
【2021全国新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空】While yu’re in China, Munt Huangshan is ______ must t visit!
【不定冠词提分秘籍】
不定冠词有两个，a 和 an。a用在辅音开头（不是辅音字母，是音标）的单词前面；an用于以元音开头（不是元音字母，是音标）的单词前。如：a bk, an apple；a university，an hur.
1．指人或事物的某一类，这是不定冠词的基本用法
A car rans faster than a truck.
小汽车比卡车跑得快。
2．表示数量“一个”，但一般不能与ne互换
Rme was nt built in a day.
罗马不是一天建起来的。
3．指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物
A Mr. Li is waiting fr yu utside.
一位李先生在外面等你。
(不知道那位李先生是谁)
4．用于表示次数、速度、价格等意义的名词前，表示“每一”
①He ges hme t see his parents nce a mnth.
他每月回家一次去看父母。
②He can earn five yuan an hur in the shp.
他在这家商店每小时挣五元钱。
5．表示三餐的名词前有形容词修饰时，用不定冠词
①I nly want a small supper because f cld.
由于感冒晚饭我只想吃一点东西。
②Peple usually have quite a gd dinner n festivals.
人们在过节时通常会吃一顿丰盛的大餐。
6．有时在序数词前加不定冠词，表示“再次”“又一个”
①She invited him t cme t the party a secnd time.
她再次邀请他来参加聚会。
②Then a third by came t jin us.
接着又一个孩子加入到我们的行列。
7．有些物质名词以及抽象名词具体化时，可用不定冠词
a paper一份报纸；a tea一杯茶；a beauty一个美人；a surprise一件意想不到的事；a pity一件遗憾的事；an hnur一个(件)光荣的人(事)
8．不定冠词还可以用于“a mst＋adj.＋n.”结构，注意在句中没有表示可比较的范围状语，这时“mst”相当于“very”
Xiamen is a mst beautiful castal city and I’ll cme fr a secnd time.
厦门是个非常美丽的海滨城市，我还要再来一次。
9．不定冠词还可以用于“a＋比较级＋名词”结构，与否定词连用时，表示“从来没有比这更……”，具有最高级含义
I have never spent a mre wrrying day.
我从未度过这样烦人的一天。
10．用于短语搭配中
(1)“have/take＋a(n)＋与动词同形的名词”，表示动作的一次。
have/take a rest休息一会儿；have/take a lk看一下；have/take a bath洗个澡。
(2)“g ut fr a(n)＋名词”，表示从事某项活动。
g ut fr an uting去郊游；g ut fr a picnic去野餐。
(3)习惯搭配中。
cme t an end结束；drp sb. a line给某人写信；at a disadvantage处于不利地位；in a way从一方面说；in a wrd总之；in a sense就某种意义来说；n a diet吃特定食物；with a view t为了，鉴于。
考向二
定冠词
【典例】
【2021浙江卷6月语法填空】
______ Linclns enlarged the huse t a full tw stries in 1856 t meet the needs f their grwing family.
【定冠词提分秘籍】
1．特指某(些)人或某(些)事物，这是定冠词的基本用法
①The bks n the desk were published last mnth.
桌子上的那些书是上个月出版的。
②The factry I mentined has installed a new assembly line.
我提到的那家工厂已经安装了一条新的装配线。
③We were all lst in the beauty f nature.
我们都被大自然的美所陶醉。
2．再次提到前面已出现的人或事物，表示特指
①I met a friend in the street；he said he had been seriusly ill.
我在街上遇见了一位朋友，他说他生过一场大病。
②He tld us a stry，but I was nt interested in the stry.
他给我们讲了一个故事，但我对这个故事不感兴趣。
3．指谈话双方彼此都知道的人或事物
We went t the statin t see the manager ff.
我们到车站为经理送行。
4．用在某些可数名词单数前，用来指事物的整体(总称)与其他事物的区别
①The telephne was invented by Bell.
电话是贝尔发明的。
②The elephant is much strnger than the hrse.
象比马强壮得多。
5．用在表示某国人的名词前
the Chinese中国人；the French法国人；the English英国人；the Spanish西班牙人；the Dutch荷兰人；the Irish爱尔兰人；the Swiss瑞士人；the Japanese日本人。
6．某些形容词或分词前加定冠词the表示一类人(表示复数)
the hmeless无家可归的人；the rich富人；the pr穷人；the blind盲人；the ld老年人；the yung年轻人；the strng强者；the weak弱者；the sick病人；the wunded伤者。
7．在序数词前要加定冠词the(有时在序数词前加不定冠词，表示“再次”“又一”)
She lives n the twelfth flr.她住在十二楼。
8．在形容词最高级及形容词nly(唯一的)，very(正是那个)，same(同样的)等前加定冠词the
①This is the mst interesting film I have ever seen.
这是我看过的最有趣的电影。
②He must be the nly student wh has ever been t the city in ur class.
他一定是我们班唯一去过那座城市的同学。
③That’s the very thing I’ve been lking fr.
那正是我要找的东西。
9．在表示一些独一无二的东西的名词前要用定冠词the
the earth地球；the mn月亮；the sun太阳；the sky天空；the universe宇宙；the wrld世界；the air空中；the grund地面。
10．用于时间、重量等单位名词之前，表示每一个单位
①The bat is hired by the hur.
小船按小时出租。
②There are tw r three apples t the pund.
每磅有两三个苹果。
11．在表示方位、方向的名词前用定冠词the
in the east/suth/west/nrth在东/南/西/北方；n the right/left在右/左边。
12．在表江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠、海峡、海湾等专有名词前，要用定冠词the
the Yellw River黄河；the Rhine莱茵河；the Pacific太平洋；the Red Sea红海；the Himalayas喜马拉雅山脉；the British Isles不列颠群岛；the Taiwan Strait台湾海峡；the Sahara Desert撒哈拉沙漠。
13．用在逢“十”的数词前，指世纪的某个年代
in the 1980s/1980’s在20世纪80年代。
14．乐器名称前用定冠词the
She plays the pian best in her class.
她钢琴在班上弹得最好。
15．在姓氏的复数形式前加定冠词the表示“……一家”
the Brwns布朗一家；the Lis姓李的一家。
16．在“动词＋sb.＋介词＋the＋表身体部位的名词”的固定结构中
hit sb. in the face打某人的脸；take sb. by the arm/hand抓住某人的胳膊/手；pat sb. n the shulder拍某人的肩；hit sb. n the head打某人的头。
本结构中不能用物主代词替代定冠词，常用于该结构的动词有pat，strike，beat，hit，catch，put，take等。
17．在短语搭配中
in the end最后；cme t the pint谈到正题；n the cntrary相反；in the mrning在早晨；in the distance在远处；in the water在水中；n the subject f关于……的主题；n the air在广播。
考向三
含有冠词的词组分析
【典例】
【2021全国甲卷语法填空】
It tk us abut 3 hurs t g all ______ way arund the Xi'an City Wall.
【冠词词组分析提分秘籍】
英语中有不少词组，从形式看好像只有冠词之差，而实际上却是意义完全不同的词组。
1. in frnt f 在……（外）的前面；in the frnt f在……（内）的前面
There is a garden in frnt f the classrm. 教室前面有一个花园。（外）
There is a blackbard in the frnt f the classrm. 教室前面有一块黑板。（内）
2. in charge f 掌管、负责；in the charge f 在……负责之下
An experienced wrker is in charge f the prject. 一位有经验的个人负责这个项目。
The prject is in the charge f an experienced wrker. 这个项目由一位经验丰富的工人负责。
3. at table 在进餐、吃饭时；at the table 在桌旁
He seldm talks at table. 吃饭时他很少说话。
They sat at the table, talking and laughing. 他们坐在桌旁，边说边笑。
4. by day 白天、日间；by the day 按日计
He wrks in an ffice by day. 他白天在办公室工作。
Cleaning wmen in big cities get paid by the day. 大城市的清洁女工按日获得报酬。
5. take place 发生、举行；take the place (f) 代替、接替
When did this cnversatin take place? 这次谈话什么时候进行的？
Electric trains have nw taken the place f steam trains in ur cuntry. 在我们国家，电力火车已经取代了蒸汽火车。
6. in wrds 用语言；in a wrd 总之
Please express yur thughts in wrds. 请用言语表达你的想法。
In a wrd, I dn’t trust yu. 总之，我不相信你。
7. at times 有时、不时；at a time 一次
I d feel a little nervus at times. 有时我确实感到有些紧张。
Pass me the bricks tw at a time. 每次递给我两块砖。
8. little 少、不多的；a little 一些、一点儿
Hurry up, there is little time left. 快点，时间不多了。
Dn’t hurry, yu still have a little time. 不用急，你还有时间。
9. few 很少、几乎没有的；a few 有些、几个
He is a man f few wrds. 他是一个少言寡语的人。
Only a few f the children can read. 只有几个孩子会阅读。
10. a mst interesting 非常有趣的；the mst interesting 最有趣的（形容词的最高级）
This is a mst interesting stry. 这是一个非常有趣的故事。
This is the mst interesting stry f the three. 这是三个故事中最有趣的一个。
11. a dctr and nurse 一位医生兼护士；a dctr and a nurse 一位医生和一位护士
a dctr and nurse is standing there. 一位兼护士的医生正站在那儿。
a dctr and a nurse are standing there. 一位医生和一位护士正站在那儿。
12. a number f 许多、好些；the number f ……的数目（后面的谓语动词用单数）
A number f students are in the classrm. 许多学生在教室里。
The number f students in the classrm is frty. 教室里有40个学生。
1.【2021全国乙卷语法填空】
Due t ______ grwing ppularity f envirnmentally-related and adventure travel, varius types f trips are nw being classified as ecturism. Actually, a true ec-friendly trip must meet the fllwing principles:
2.【2020全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
The plum trees are ______ first t flwer even as the snw is melting(融化). They represent the prmise f spring and a renewal f life.
3.【2020浙江卷7月语法填空】
Then, with ______ rise f science, changes began.
4.【2020浙江卷7月语法填空】
A child brn in the US tday has ______ very realistic chance f living beynd 100 and needs t plan accrdingly.
5.【2019全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】
Of ______ nineteen recgnized plar bear subppulatins, three are declining, six are stable, ne is increasing, and nine lack enugh data.
6.【2019全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
When we gt a call saying she was shrt-listed, we thught it was ______ jke.
7.【2019浙江卷6月语法填空】
Everybdy wears______ same style f clthes.
8.【2018全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
Crn prductin has jumped nearly 125 percent ver ______ past 25 years, while rice has increased nly 7 percent.
9.【2018全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】
Unexpectedly, I’m face-t-face with the grilla, wh begins screaming at ______ tp f her lungs.
10.【2017全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】
As ______ result, peple will eat mre fd t try t make up fr that smething missing.
11.【2017全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
This included digging up the rad, laying the track and then building a strng rf ver ______ tp.
12.【2017全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】
Instead, she is earning $6,500 a day as ______ mdel in New Yrk.
13.【2017浙江卷11月语法填空】
Like many things in life, it's ______ nging prcess, and the best part f the prcess is that there's enugh rm fr imprvement, which means yu'll just keep getting better and better.
14.【2017浙江卷语法填空】
Fr Pahlssn, its return was ______ wnder.
1.【辽宁省朝阳市建平县2021届高三9月联考】It went n t say that almst half f all museums reprted ______ annual increase in visitr numbers.
2.【重庆市南开中学2021届高三仿真】Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31—wh wrks alngside her in the family business —said it remained unknwn as t wh nminated Irene fr ______ award.
3.【重庆市一中2021届高三适应性考试】S, everyne was afraid f it. Zhng spent days and nights t find ______ cause f the disease.
4.【辽宁省沈阳市2021届高三教学质量监测】Whenever there is a sandstrm, it frms ______ upward air flw between the surrunding sand muntains.
5.【辽宁百校联盟2021届高三质监】With Xingan aiming t becme a "smart, green and residents-friendly" city that faces the future, the Xingan Railway Statin, the landmark f the area, resembles a mdel fr such ______ future.
6. 【湖南师范大学附中2021届高三模拟】Nw as ______Chinese internatinal, Wu is wrking hard t shw that “there are players in China that can shine in the best leagues in the wrld”, he tld Glbal Times.
7.【湖南省永州市2021届高三二模】It is als imprtant t nte that the greatest amazement (amaze) f the jurney is Chang'e 5's lunar landing site-referred t as the Ocean f Strms-n the near side f the mn, where n prbes (探测器) have paid ______ visit befre.
8.【湖北省武汉市2021届高三质量检测】China’s writing system frms ______ strng bridge linking the Chinese peple and culture f the present with thse f the past.
9.【湖北省九师联盟2021届高三质量检测】Thse amazing light shws in ______ sky f the arctic regins ccur frequently between September and Octber and then ccur again between March and April.
10.【湖北省八市2021届高三联考】Shanghai culture is amazing, and the city is filled with smart peple, dynamic interactins, a willingness t mve and an appetite fr being mdern while embracing diversity and creating ______ business friendly envirnment.
11.【湖北省2021届高三联考】The recvery team wuld d ______ initial prcessing f the capsule and then use a plane t transprt it t Beijing, where it wuld be pened fr technicians t remve the cntainer hlding lunar samples, then administratin said.
12.【河北省张家口市2021届高三一模】It was ______ $12,000 tip.
13.【河北省衡水中学2021届高三联考】They seem t be tricked by ______ sudden darkness.
14.【河北省保定市2021届高三模拟】The differences between the upper, middle and lwer reaches f the river shuld be fully cnsidered, because the Yellw River ecsystem is ______ rganic whle.
15.【广东省深圳市2021届高三调研】Gan’s cmpany has been______ great success and Gan has received lts f awards fr her achievement
16.【广东省六校2021届高三联考】Many f us are turning t activities like skipping with ______ ld rpe, r watching ne f the many ‘times experts’ wh prduce exercise vides nline.
17.【广州2021届高三一模】Tea spread int nrthern China during the Tang Dynasty; by the Sng Dynasty it had acquired a lse-leaf prductin as well as the ceremnies that made its cnsumptin ______ art frm.
18.【广东省佛山市2021届高三质检】British swimmer Adam Peaty said, “As an athlete, I am certainly sad, but this is ______ matter f life r death and we all need t d the right thing. ”
19.【福建省龙岩市2021届高三质检】In September 2013, after failing in the senir high schl entrance examinatin, Liang entered Chngqing Mechanical Technician Cllege t study mtr and electrical assembly and maintenance (维护). He said he valued ______chance mre than ever.
20.【福建省福州一中2021届高三模拟】They fund that the benefits f jgging are maximized when dne at ______ average r even slw pace, and just ne r tw hurs f jgging a week can be enugh fr yu t gain success, regardless f yur age r health cnditin.
21.【福建省福州市2021届高三一模】Oxen seldm bully the weak r fear ______ strng.
22.【重庆市育才中学2021届高三模拟】If yu take it as ______way f life, nly expecting t find ways t feel a little better, ne day yu’ll ntice yu have changed yur thinking.
23.【重庆市南开中学2021届高三模拟】He even left ut fd and water at the base f the tree in case they fell______secnd time.
24.【重庆市巴蜀中学2021届高三模拟】Earlier this year, the Qilu Transprtatin Develpment Grup, als handling the Jinan Expressway slar rad, built a 160-meter- lng slar rad in ______ city f Jinan.
25.【山东省青岛市2021届高三质检】Every mvement in Tai Chi represents ______ imprtant part f ld Chinese philsphy—harmny.
26.【辽宁省辽阳市2021届高三模拟】Grandparents Day became ______ fficial hliday in 1978.
27.【辽宁省葫芦岛市2021届高三模拟】The persn n the machine can start r stp it thrugh______ simple cntrller.
28.【江苏省如皋市2021届高三调研】Children were respnsible fr ______ vast majrity f cases—95% f bjects frm nses and 85% ears.
29.【江苏省南通市通州区2021届高三质量监测】Of curse, swimming is als______ great way t cl dwn n a ht day!
30.【江苏省海安高级中学2021届高三五调】Hwever，cnnecting with ther humans is______ big part f Laughter Yga’s success in helping peple feel better and experience mre jy.
31.【江苏省常州高级中学2021届高三调研】Thrugh Western clr and Chinese painting techniques, Deng has been lking fr ______ crssing between Eastern and Western art styles.
32.【湖南省长沙一中2021届高三四调】The students returned t schl with ______ sense f achievement, a feeling that they helped peple in need.
33.【湖南省长沙市一中2021届高三三调】Dn't d this in ______ bvius way because this is annying，but d it withut his awareness f yur intentin．
34.【湖北省孝感高中2021届高三模拟】But the cuntry's ecnmic develpment ver the years has permitted the sprt t spread beynd ______ wealthy.
35.【湖北省孝感高级中学2021届高三调研】Being liked by a large grup f peple cannt take______ place f building deep, supprtive friendships.
36.【湖北省武汉外国语学校2021届高三调研】S thusands f terrified peple died when there was an utbreak. Jhn Snw wanted t slve ______ prblem.
37.【河北省2021届高三模拟】Just lk t ______ fifth planet in ur, slar system, Jupiter.
38.【广东省深圳外国语学校2021届高三三调】Kites were used fr military(军事的) purpses in the very beginning, such as measurement and signaling. Later kite flying gradually became ______ utdr activity fr bth recreatin and art.
39.【广东省2021届高三四校联考】Nbu Okada, CEO f Astrscale, ______ cmpany wrking n ways t clean up space junk, says “even a small paint fleck has enugh pwer t blw up ther satellites.
40.【福建省福州一中2021届高三调研】______ elephant museum is there fr thse wh want t knw mre abut the animal.