资料中包含下列文件，点击文件名可预览资料内容
还剩14页未读，
继续阅读
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题二0-阅读之新闻报道（2份打包，原卷版+解析版）
展开
这是一份新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题二0-阅读之新闻报道（2份打包，原卷版+解析版），文件包含新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题20-阅读之新闻报道原卷版doc、新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题20-阅读之新闻报道解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共45页， 欢迎下载使用。
【命题趋势】
新闻报道在2020年高考中出现了两次，过去的高考中新闻报道也零星出现过几次。不仅在阅读中，写作，阅读七选五或者语法填空都有可能涉及到。所以新闻报道类题材还是需要复习的。以下是新闻报道真题和模拟试题，学生可以集中练习。
1.【2020年全国卷Ⅲ】
When "Rise f the Planet f the Apes" was first shwn t the public last mnth, a grup f excited animal activists gathered n Hllywd Bulevard. But they weren’t there t thrw red paint n fur-cat-wearing film stars. Instead, ne activist, dressed in a full-bdy mnkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: "Thanks fr nt using real apes (猿)!"
The creative team behind "Apes" used mtin-capture (动作捕捉) technlgy t create digitalized animals, spending tens f millins f dllars n technlgy that recrds an actr’s perfrmance and later prcesses it with cmputer graphics t create a final image (图像). In this case, ne f a realistic-lking ape.
Yet "Apes" is mre exceptin than the rule. In fact, Hllywd has been ht n live animals lately. One nnprfit rganizatin, which mnitrs the treatment r animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs n mre than 2,000 prductins this year. Already, a number f films, including "Water fr Elephants," "The Hangver Part Ⅱ" and "Zkeeper," have drawn the anger f activists wh say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated prperly.
In sme cases, it’s nt s much the treatment f the animals n set in the studi that has activists wrried; it’s the ff-set training and living cnditins that are raising cncerns. And there are questins abut the films made utside the States, which smetimes are nt mnitred as clsely as prductins filmed in the Sates.
24. Why did the animal activists gather n Hllywd Bulevard?
A. T see famus film stars.B. T ppse wearing fur cats.
C. T raise mney fr animal prtectin.D. T express thanks t sme filmmakers.
25. What des paragraph 2 mainly talk abut?
A. The cst f making "Apes."B. The creatin f digitalized apes.
C. The publicity abut “Apes."D. The perfrmance f real apes.
26. What des the underlined phrase "keeping tabs n" in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Listing cmpletely.B. Directing prfessinally.
C. Prmting successfully.D. Watching carefully.
27. What can we infer frm the last paragraph abut animal actrs?
A. They may be badly treated.B. They shuld take further training.
C. They culd be traded illegally.D. They wuld lse ppularity.
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. D 27. A
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了电影“猩球崛起”上个月首次与公众见面。动物爱好者聚集在好莱坞前，感谢电影制作者，在电影拍摄时，没有使用真的类人猿。现在的动物拍摄使用的是数字化人猿的创造技术，而一些电影的拍摄却存在着虐地动物的现象，这让一个非盈利的组织密切关注此事。但有些拍摄也是不能够被监测到的。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Instead, ne activist ,dressed in a full -bdy mnkey suit ,had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers:“Thanks fr nt using real apes”可知，相反，一名身穿全套猴服的活动人士来到现场，手里拿着一块牌子，称赞电影制作人:“感谢你们不用真正的猿猴。所以动物保护者聚集在好莱坞大道是为了向电影制作者表示感谢。故选D项。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“The creative team behind "Apes" used mtin-capture (动作捕捉) technlgy t create digitalized animals, spending tens f millins f dllars n technlgy that I recrds an actr’s perfrmance and later prcesses it with cmputer graphics t create a final image (图像). ”可知，“人猿”背后的创作团队利用动作捕捉技术创造数字化的动物，在记录演员表演的技术上，花费数千万美元，然后用电脑图形处理，以产生最终的影像。由此可知，第二段主要是关于数字化人猿的创造。故选B项。
【26题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段划线前的句子“One nnprfit rganizatin, which mnitrs the treatment r animals in filmed entertainment”（一个非营利组织，监控动物在电影娱乐中的待遇）以及下文Already, a number f films, including "Water fr Elephants," "The Hangver Part Ⅱ" and "Zkeeper," have drawn the anger f activists wh say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated prperly.（许多电影,包括“大象的眼泪”,“宿醉Ⅱ”和“管理员”,引起了动物保护人士的愤怒，他们说影片中的动物没有遭到很好的对待。）由此可知，其中一家监控动物待遇的非营利组织，今年正密切关注着2000多部影片。由此判断出，划线词的意思是“密切关注”。故选D项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段In sme cases, it’s nt s much the treatment f the animals n set in the studi that has activists wrried; it’s the ff-set training and living cnditins that are raising cncerns. And there are questins abut the films made utside the States, which smetimes are nt mnitred as clsely as prductins filmed in the Sates.”（在某些情况下，让活动人士担心的并不是电影棚里对动物的待遇;让人担忧的是训练和生活条件。还有一些关于在美国以外拍摄的电影的问题，这些电影有时不像在美国拍摄的电影那样受到严密的监控。）可知，在某些情况下，让活动人士担心的并不是工作室里动物的待遇;令人担忧的是训练和生活条件。由此判断出动物演员可能受到虐待。故选A项。
2.【2020年全国卷Ⅲ】
With the yung unable t affrd t leave hme and the ld at risk f islatin(孤独), mre families are chsing t live tgether.
The drway t peace and quiet, fr Nick Bright at least, leads straight t his mther-in-law: she lives n the grund flr, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their tw daughters.
Fur years ag they all mved int a three-strey Victrian huse in Bristl — ne f a grwing number f multigeneratinal families in the UK living tgether under the same rf. They share a frnt dr and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her wn kitchen, bathrm, bedrm and living rm n the grund flr.
“We flated the idea t my mum f sharing a huse,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spke mre with Nick because I think it’s a big thing fr Nick t live with his mther-in-law.”
And what des Nick think? “Frm my standpint, it all seems t wrk very well. Wuld I recmmend it? Yes, I think I wuld.”
It’s hard t tell exactly hw many peple agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising fr sme time. Official reprts suggest that the number f husehlds with three generatins living tgether had risen frm 325,000 in 2001 t 419,000 in 2013.
Other varieties f multigeneratinal family are mre cmmn. Sme peple live with their elderly parents; many mre adult children are returning t the family hme, if they ever left. It is said that abut 20% f 25-34-year-lds live with their parents, cmpared with 16% in 1991.The ttal number f all multigeneratinal husehlds in Britain is thught t be abut 1.8 millin.
Stries like that are mre cmmn in parts f the wrld where multigeneratinal living is mre firmly rted. In India, particularly utside cities, yung wmen are expected t mve in with their husband’s family when they get married.
28. Wh mainly uses the grund flr in the Victrian huse in Bristl?
A. Nick. B. Rita.C. KathrynD. The daughters.
29. What is Nick’s attitude twards sharing the huse with his mther-in -law?
A. Psitive.B. Carefree.C. Tlerant.D. Unwilling.
30. What is the authr’s statement abut multigeneratinal family based n?
A. Family traditins.B. Financial reprts. C. Published statistics. D. Public pinins.
31. What is the text mainly abut?
A. Lifestyles in different cuntries.B. Cnflicts between generatins.
C. A husing prblem in Britain.D. A rising trend f living in the UK.
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了在英国，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临着被孤立的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起，出现了多世同堂的现象。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“ but Rita Whitehead has her wn kitchen, bathrm, bedrm and living rm n the grund flr.”可知，但Rita在一楼有自己的厨房、浴室、卧室和客厅。由此可知，Rita 在布里斯托尔的维多利亚式住宅中使用一楼。故选B项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“And what des Nick think? “Frm my standpint, it all seems t wrk very well. Wuld I recmmend it? Yes, I think I wuld.”可知，尼克是怎么想的?“从我的角度来看，一切都很顺利。我推荐它吗?是的，我想我会推荐在一起居住的。”由此判断出，尼克对和和岳母合住房子的态度是积极的。故选A项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“ Official reprts suggest that the number f husehlds with three generatins living tgether had risen frm 325,000 in 2002 t 419,000 in 2013.”官方报告显示，三代同堂的家庭数量从2002年的32.5万户增加到2013年的41.9万户。根据第七段“It is said that abut 20% f 25-34-year-lds live with their parents, cmpared with 16% in 1991.The ttal number f all multigeneratinal husehlds in Britain is thught t be abut 1.8 millin.”可知，据说，25-34岁的年轻人中有20%和父母住在一起，而1991年这一比例为16%。据估计，英国多代同堂的家庭总数约为180万。由此可知，作者关于多世同堂家庭的论述基于发布的统计数据。故选C项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“With the yung unable t affrd t leave hme and the ld at risk f islatin(孤独), mre families are chsing t live tgether.”可知，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临着被孤立的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起。所以短文主要是关于英国生活方式的一种上升趋势。故选D项。
1.【吉林省长春市东北师范大学附中2019-2020学年高三上学期第一次摸底】
As we all knw, mst animals nly perfrm tricks when given treats. Hwever, Kim, the wrld’s first spider t learn a skill, needs n stimulus (刺激物) t d what she lves—jumping frm different heights and distances— upn the instructin f a team f scientists frm the University f Manchester.
While the idea f training a spider might sund evil, the researchers’ mtives were purely scientific. They are trying t unlck the secrets behind the jumping spiders’ extrardinarily high leaps t catch prey (猎物) r t escape their enemies. A better understanding f the spiders’ leaps wuld help experts develp mre efficient flying and jumping rbts.
The scientists fund that Kim culd gather enugh frce in her legs t jump mre than six times the length f her wn bdy frm a statinary psitin. What was even mre amazing was that she always landed perfectly. Fr shrter distances, Kim used a lt f energy, resulting in quick leaps, which the researchers believe prbably increases her chances f catching fast-mving prey. The farther the distance, the less extra energy was used, resulting in slwer but precise leaps.
Previus studies have indicated that spiders use bth their muscles and hydraulic (液压的) pressure—a mechanism by which bld is transferred t their extended legs—t push them ff the grund. Hwever, in Kim’s case, her leg muscles alne appeared t be generating enugh frce fr the liftff. The researchers nw intend t d further research t cmprehend fully nt just the spiders’ jumping technique, but that f ther insects as well. “We are familiar with rbts that are aimed at taking ver human functins, but there are millins f insects in the wrld that perfrm specific functins that we have interest in adapting t rbtics,” says Nabawy, the leading engineer f the researching team.
12. What is the purpse f scientists’ researching the jumping spider?
A. T have fun and relax.B. T help develp rbts.
C. T get rid f spiders.D. T prtect this species.
13. Why did Kim use a lt f energy fr shrt leaps?
A T jump high enugh.
B. T land mre precisely.
C. T catch fast-mving prey.
D. T increase chances f escape.
14. What des the underlined wrd “that” in the last paragraph refers t?
A. Jumping technique.B. Leg muscle.
C. Further research.D. Energy fr liftff.
15. What can be a suitable title f this passage?
A. Jumping Techniques Used by Jumping Spider
B. Jumping Spider Inspired Creating Rbts
C. Animals Perfrm Tricks if Prvided with Treats
D. The Wrld’s First Spider That Jumps n Demand
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】本文是科技新闻。研究人员对蜘蛛进行了研究，发现它们对于不同的距离利用不同的策略来跳。科学家们希望这种研究对改进机器人有所帮助。
12.推理判断题。根据第二段中的A better understanding f the spiders’ leaps wuld help experts develp mre efficient flying and jumping rbts.（更好地了解蜘蛛的跳跃将有助于专家开发出更高效的飞行和跳跃机器人）可知，科学家们研究跳蜘蛛的目的在于帮助开发高效的可飞的和跳跃的机器人。故选B。
13.细节理解题。根据第三段中Fr shrter distances, Kim used a lt f energy, resulting in quick leaps, which the researchers believe prbably increases her chances f catching fast-mving prey.（在较短的距离中，Kim消耗了大量的能量，导致了快速跳跃，研究人员认为这可能增加了她抓住快速移动的猎物的机会）可知， Kim用大量的能量进行短距离跳跃来捕捉快速移动的猎物。故选C。
14.词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段中的The researchers nw intend t d further research t cmprehend fully nt just the spiders' jumping technique, but that f ther insects as well.（研究人员现在打算做进一步的研究，不仅要全面了解蜘蛛的跳跃技术，还要了解其他昆虫的跳跃技术）可知，由此可见，that指代Jumping technique。故选A。
15.主旨大意题。根据第二段中的They are trying t unlck the secrets behind the jumping spiders’ extrardinarily high leaps t catch prey (猎物) r t escape their enemies. A better understanding f the spiders’ leaps wuld help experts develp mre efficient flying and jumping rbts.（他们试图揭开跳蛛超高跳跃的秘密，以捕捉猎物或逃离敌人。更好地理解蜘蛛的跳跃将有助于专家开发出更高效的飞行和跳跃机器人）可知，本文主要报道对跳蜘蛛进行了研究，发现它们对于不同的距离利用不同的策略来跳。科学家们希望这种研究对改进机器人有所帮助。由此可知B. Jumping Spider Inspired Creating Rbts（跳跃蜘蛛启发创造机器人）适合做本文最佳标题。故选B。
2.【2020年新疆乌鲁木齐市第一中学高考一模】
A new reprt frm the U.K. says that mre than 1 in 5 teens there spend five hurs r mre per day n scial media. And the heavier users f scial media g t bed later and get prer quality sleep. The new study was based n self-reprted survey data frm nearly 12,000 teenage participants in the U.K. Millennium Chrt Study.
Megan Mren, a researcher at the University f Wiscnsin-Madisn, says that scial media is t ften described as either entirely gd r bad, when the reality is mre cmplicated fr teens. "Scial media may have its prblems, but it is the way that they stay in tuch with each ther," she says.
Perhaps unsurprisingly, the study fund a link between high scial media usage and pr sleep patterns. Specifically, teens wh reprt heavier scial media use g t sleep later. And, the study authrs nte, late bedtimes are linked with prer academic and mental health utcmes.
Hlly Sctt, a researcher at the University f Glasgw, isn't sunding the alarm. She says, "it's easy t lk at the results f this and think, 'We shuld just get teenagers t spend less time n scial media.' I think that's an understandable respnse, but what I really encurage peple t d is lk beynd that." She says peple shuld pay attentin t the "imprtant emtinal and cgnitive and scial factrs" at play with when teenagers are using scial media.
Sctt emphasizes that the study is pinting t a crrelatin between scial media and pr sleep, but nt necessarily demnstrating cause and effect.
"Certainly sme teens d say that they struggle t get ff f scial media at night — they might be wrried abut missing ut n things, r affecting their friends by nt answering messages — and they stay up late frm that," she says. But, "maybe fr sme f thse yung peple they have a naturally later bdy clck, and are passing their free time at night n scial media until they're ready t fall asleep," she says.
8. What’s the purpse f the new study in the U.K.?
A. T find the benefits f using scial media.
B. T knw the effects f using scial media.
C. T knw teenagers’ habits f using scial media.
D. T prve the grwing ppularity f scial media.
9. What attitude des Megan Mren take twards scial media?
A. Critical.
B. Psitive.
C. Objective.
D. Cnfused.
10. What des Hlly Sctt think f scial media’s causing pr sleep?
A. It’s interesting.
B. It’s impssible.
C. It’s beynd dubt.
D. It lacks evidence.
11. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Hw t Sleep Well Tnight
B. Scial Media Is Wasting Our Time
C. Teens May Be Lsing Sleep Over Scial Media
D. Make Use f Scial Media in an Effective Way
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. C
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。英国一项最新研究发现，使用社交媒体会导致青少年睡眠质量的下降。
8.推理判断题。根据第一、三两段可知，英国这项最新研究所揭示的是使用社交媒体对青少年带来的不良影响，包括睡眠差、成绩差及心理健康问题等。故 B 项正确。
9.推理判断题。根据第二段可知，Megan Mren 认为，不能简单地说社交媒体是好还是坏，它有利有弊。因此推断他对社交媒体的态度是客观的。故 C 项正确。
10.推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，Hlly Sctt 认为，使用社交媒体与睡眠差之间不一定存在因果关系，也许是其他原因导致睡眠质量下降。因此推断Hlly Sctt认为对于社交媒体导致不好的睡眠缺乏证据。故 D 项正确。
11.主旨大意题。根据文章第一段A new reprt frm the U.K. says that mre than 1 in 5 teens there spend five hurs r mre per day n scial media. And the heavier users f scial media g t bed later and get prer quality sleep.及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了英国一项最新的研究：过多使用社交媒体会导致青少年的睡眠质量下降。故用 C 项作标题恰如其分。
考查阅读理解选择最佳标题时，需要注意排除绝对化或片面的选项，要放眼全文，从首段和末段寻找文章的主旨大意。小题4就是根据文章首段根据文章第一段A new reprt frm the U.K. says that mre than 1 in 5 teens there spend five hurs r mre per day n scial media. And the heavier users f scial media g t bed later and get prer quality sleep.及通读全文概括出标题。
3. 【江苏省如皋市2021届高三适应性考试】
In a wrld first, scientists have clned a rare, endangered Przewalski's hrse named Kurt at San Dieg z in the US. Little Kurt lks like any ther baby hrse as he plays happily in his pen(围栏).
He isn't afraid t kick r head butt anyne wh gets in his way and when he's hungry, dashes ver t his mther fr milk.
Scientists have clned nearly tw dzen kinds f mammals. The first was Dlly the sheep in the UK in 1996. Other species include dgs, cats, pigs, cws and pl pnies and, in China in 2018, a mnkey.
The z sees Kurt's birth as a milestne in effrts t restre the ppulatin f the hrse als knwn as the Asiatic Wild Hrse r Mnglian Wild Hrse. The small animals ( they stand nly abut 1.2m t 1.5m tall) are believed extinct in the wild and number nly abut 2,000 in zs and wildlife habitats. Their limited gene pl puts them at a reprductive disadvantage.
“This hrse is expected t be ne f the mst genetically imprtant individuals f his species,” Bb Wiese, chief life sciences fficer at San Dieg Z Glbal, which perates the z, said in a statement. “We are hpeful that he will bring back genetic variatin imprtant fr the future f the Przewalski's hrse ppulatin. ”
Althugh nly 2 mnths ld Kurt's birth was made pssible in 1980 when cells were taken frm a 5-year-ld male hrse and put in deep freeze at San Dieg's Frzen Z facility. His father died in 1998.
Kurt was named fr Kurt Benirschke, wh played a key rle in funding the Frzen Z.
“A central belief f the Frzen Z, when it was established by Dr Benirschke, was that it wuld be used fr purpses nt pssible at the time. ” said Oliver Ryder, directr f genetics at San Dieg Z Glbal.
Kurt was brn at a veterinary(兽医的) facility in Texas,US,where he'll cntinue t live with his mther fr mst likely anther year. Eventually he'll becme part f the z's Przewalski's hrse ppulatin, where it's hped smeday he'll becme a father himself.
8．Accrding t the passage, many mammals have been clned except______.
A．Przewalski's hrses
B．plar bears
C．mnkeys
D．sheep
9．Why des the z see Kurt's birth as a milestne?
A．Because it will be the first ne t live in the wild.
B．Because it is the nly clned ne clse t extinctin.
C．Because it's expected t becme the lead hrse.
D．Because it may help recver the genetic variatin.
10．What can we learn abut Kurt frm the text?
A．He behaved differently frm thers when he was yung.
B．He desn't have a father as a clned ne in the labratry.
C．The cells fr clning have been preserved fr ver 40 years.
D．Its name cmes frm the discverer f the Przewalski's hrse.
11．What was the Frzen Z set up fr?
A．Prtecting endangered animals that may be hard t save fr the mment.
B．Prviding necessary facilities t help peple clne endangered animals.
C．Encuraging peple t insist n their purpses that may hard t achieve.
D．Frming a central belief that it wuld be useful smeday in the near future.
【答案】
8．B
9．D
10．C
11．A
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了近日，科学家在美国圣地亚哥动物园克隆了一匹罕见的濒危普氏野马库尔特，这在世界上尚属首次。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Scientists have clned nearly tw dzen kinds f mammals. The first was Dlly the sheep in the UK in 1996. Other species include dgs, cats, pigs, cws and pl pnies and, in China in 2018, a mnkey.（科学家已经克隆了近24种哺乳动物。第一个是1996年英国的多利羊。其他物种包括狗、猫、猪、牛和马球马，以及2018年在中国的猴子。）”可知，北极熊没有被克隆过。故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The z sees Kurt's birth as a milestne in effrts t restre the ppulatin f the hrse als knwn as the Asiatic Wild Hrse r Mnglian Wild Hrse. The small animals ( they stand nly abut 1.2m t 1.5m tall) are believed extinct in the wild and number nly abut 2,000 in zs and wildlife habitats.（动物园认为库尔特的出生是努力恢复亚洲野马或蒙古野马数量的一个里程碑。这种小动物(它们的身高只有1.2米到1.5米)在野生环境中被认为已经灭绝，在动物园和野生动物栖息地中只有大约2000种。）”和文章第五段““We are hpeful that he will bring back genetic variatin imprtant fr the future f the Przewalski's hrse ppulatin. ”（ “我们希望他能带回对普氏野马种群的未来至关重要的基因变异。”）”可推知，该动物园把Kurt的出生看作一个里程碑，是因为它可能有助于恢复基因变异。故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据文章第六段“Althugh nly 2 mnths ld Kurt's birth was made pssible in 1980 when cells were taken frm a 5-year-ld male hrse and put in deep freeze at San Dieg's Frzen Z facility.（尽管只有两个月大的库尔特的出生在1980年成为可能，当时从一匹5岁的公马身上提取了细胞，并在圣地亚哥冷冻动物园进行了深度冷冻。）”可推知，用于克隆的细胞已经保存了40多年。故选C。
11．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段““A central belief f the Frzen Z, when it was established by Dr Benirschke, was that it wuld be used fr purpses nt pssible at the time. ” said Oliver Ryder, directr f genetics at San Dieg Z Glbal.（Benirschke博士建立“冰冻动物园”时的一个核心信念是，它将被用于当时不可能的目的。圣地亚哥全球动物园(San Dieg Z Glbal)的遗传学主任奥利弗·莱德(Oliver Ryder)说。）”可推知，冰冻动物园是为了保护目前难以挽救的濒危动物而设立的。故选A。
4.【福建省厦门外国语2021届阶段性检测】
Mre than a third f small twns in Gergia lst ppulatin in the last year alne, highlighting the challenges f reviving rural areas. New census (人口普查) estimates shw that Camilla fell belw 5,000 residents. Sparks fell belw 2,000, and Milan fell t 661 residents fr a lss f 7% f its ppulatin. All three twns are in Suth Gergia.
Many f the yung peple in these cmmunities graduate frm high schl and dn’t cme back. “They g t cllege, whatever, they dn’t cme back,” said David Bridges, head f its Center fr Rural Prsperity and Innvatin in Tiftn.
Meanwhile, Gergia’s cities are grwing, having n prblem drawing peple frm small twns and ther cities. Atlanta grew mre than 1% in the past year and is nw nearing the half-millin-resident mark.
The trend f peple mving frm rural t urban areas is hardly a new ne — it’s been ging n wrldwide fr mre than a century. But cntinued ppulatin lsses have raised questins abut whether rural areas can d anything t reverse the tide.
Rural residents can face a number f challenges including access t gd jbs, transprtatin and health care. Manufacturing jbs have dried up in many places, while mdernizatin and new technlgy means fewer peple are needed fr farming. And many peple are deciding t have smaller families than was typical a century ag.
“The lder generatin is dying, the yunger generatin is mving away, and because there are perceived t be fewer business pprtunities, financial pprtunities, etc. It’s very challenging t get inbund ppulatin.” Bridges said.
Demgraphers (人口学家) expect the shift frm rural t urban t cntinue. But there are sme bright spts in rural America still. Jacksn Cunty near Athens was recently named ne f the fastest-grwing cunties in the natin by the Census Bureau. Amazn pened a large fulfillment center there a cuple f years ag. And Yung Harris, near the Gergia-Nrth Carlina brder, has grwn by mre than 80% since 2010.
28．What happened t the small twns mentined in Paragraph 1?
A．Their sizes grew rapidly.B．Their ppulatin declined.
C．They drew mre residents.D．They raised challenges t lcals.
29．Which f the fllwing best explains “reverse the tide” underlined in Paragraph 4?
A．Peple mve frm rural t urban areas.
B．Small twns draw peple frm cities.
C．Rural areas develp their ecnmy quickly.
D．Ppulatin cntinue t grw in urban areas.
30．Why is David Bridges quted?
A．T ffer mre evidence.B．T draw a cnclusin.
C．T shw his cntributin.D．T give part f the reasns.
31．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．Jacksn Cunty is the best twn in the US.
B．Rural twns will keep grwing t larger nes.
C．Others will fllw the lead f these bright spts.
D．There can be measures t help rural twns grw.
【答案】
28．B
29．B
30．D
31．D
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了美国小城镇/农村地区人口流失现象。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Mre than a third f small twns in Gergia lst ppulatin in the last year alne, highlighting the challenges f reviving rural areas.”可知，仅去年一年，乔治亚州就有超过三分之一的小城镇人口流失，突出了振兴农村地区的挑战。由此可知，小城镇出现了人口流失现象，即它们的人口减少了。故选B项。
29．推理判断题。根据第四段“The trend f peple mving frm rural t urban areas is hardly a new ne — it’s been ging n wrldwide fr mre than a century. But cntinued ppulatin lsses have raised questins abut whether rural areas can d anything t reverse the tide.”可知，人口从农村转移到城市地区的趋势在世界范围内已经持续了一个多世纪，这并不是一个新的趋势。但持续的人口流失引发了人们的疑问：农村地区能否采取任何措施扭转这一趋势。由此可知，这一趋势指的是“农村人口转移到城市”这一现象，reverse the tide(扭转这一趋势)意味着在农村人口流失现象的前提下，人们采取措施阻止农村人口流失，去吸引在大城市的人回到农村/小城镇，即人口从城市转移到农村，B项“Small twns draw peple frm cities(小城镇吸引城市的人)”正确。故选B项。
30．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Rural residents can face a number f challenges including access t gd jbs, transprtatin and health care.(农村居民可能面临许多挑战，包括获得好工作、交通和医疗保健)”和倒数第二段““The lder generatin is dying, the yunger generatin is mving away, and because there are perceived t be fewer business pprtunities, financial pprtunities, etc. It’s very challenging t get inbund ppulatin.” Bridges said.(“老一辈人正在死去，年轻一代正在离开，而且因为人们认为商业机会、金融机会等越来越少，所以吸引外来人口非常具有挑战性。” Bridges说)”可知，Bridges的话佐证了农村人口流失和难以吸引外来人口去农村的原因。故选D项。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Demgraphers (人口学家) expect the shift frm rural t urban t cntinue. But there are sme bright spts in rural America still. Jacksn Cunty near Athens was recently named ne f the fastest-grwing cunties in the natin by the Census Bureau. Amazn pened a large fulfillment center there a cuple f years ag. And Yung Harris, near the Gergia-Nrth Carlina brder, has grwn by mre than 80% since 2010.(人口学家预计，从农村到城市的转变将继续。但在美国农村地区仍然有一些亮点。雅典附近的杰克逊县最近被人口普查局评为全国发展最快的县之一。几年前，亚马逊在那里开设了一家大型履行中心。而年轻的哈里斯，靠近乔治亚州和北卡罗来纳州的边界，自2010年以来增长了80%以上)”可知，虽然农村人口流失仍在继续，但有些农村地区的人口增加了。由此可知，一定的措施还是可以帮助农村地区增长人口的，因此可以采取措施帮助农村城镇发展。故选D项。
5.【福建省厦门外国语2021届阶段性检测】
Chinese scientists have created the wrld’s first light-based quantum（量子）cmputer named Jiuzhang. It is a milestne in which a quantum machine can slve a prblem n classical supercmputer can tackle within a reasnable amunt f time.
Experts recgnized the Chinese machine as a “state-f-the-art experiment” Fabi Sciarrin, a quantum physicist at Sapienza University f Rme, tld Science News that his first impressin f the Chinese quantum cmputer was, simply, “ww”. Antn Zeilinger, nted quantum physicist and president f the Austrian Academy f Sciences, said that, fllwing this experiment, he predicts there is a very gd chance that quantum cmputers may be used very bradly smeday.
Quantum cmputers stand ut at running simulatins that are impssible fr cnventinal cmputers. Quantum machines can take cmputatinal shrtcuts when simulating extremely cmplex situatins, while cnventinal cmputers have t frce their way t a slutin, taking significantly mre time in the prcess. Mrever, it can perfrm an extreme calculatin, called Gaussian bsn sampling（高斯玻色取样）, in 200 secnds. The same task wuld take the wrld’s fastest classical supercmputer, Fugaku, arund 600 millin years.
Pan Jianwei, wh is recgnized as China’s tp quantum scientist and ne f the key researchers behind Jiuzhang, said the calculatins they carried ut can nt nly shwcase the machine’s cmputing pwer but als demnstrate ptential practical applicatins in machine learning and quantum chemistry.
“Quantum cmputing has already becme a fierce cmpetitin area amng the United States, Eurpe and ther develped regins,” Pan said, adding that China’s quantum cmputatinal advantage tk abut 7 t 10 years t achieve, since the team first decided t tackle the prblem arund 2013.
Hwever, Pan stressed that the quantum cmputer is a highly specialized machine, and is currently nly prgrammed t d bsn sampling. “It is nt a general-purpse quantum cmputer,” he said. In the near future, scientists may increase Jiuzhang’s pssible utput states—a key indicatr f cmputing pwer—frm 10 t the 30th pwer t 10 t the 40th pwer.
32．What is the Antn Zeilinger’s attitude twards quantum cmputer?
A．Negative.B．Optimistic.
C．Dubtful.D．Satisfied.
33．Hw des the authr supprt his pinin in Paragraph 3 ?
A．By making cntrasts.B．By presenting reasns.
C．By analyzing figures.D．By cnducting experiments.
34．What may be the next main fcus in develping Jiuzhang?
A．Capacity.B．Prgramme.
C．Strage.D．Specializatin.
35．What des the text mainly talk abut?
A．High recgnitin f Chinese experts in the wrld.
B．Fierce cmpetitin in Bsn sampling all ver the wrld.
C．Appearance f the wrld’s first light-based quantum cmputer.
D．Distinctins between quantum cmputer and cnventinal cmputer.
【答案】
32．B
33．A
34．A
35．C
【解析】
本文是一篇新闻报道。中国科学家构建的量子计算原型机“九章”，求解数学算法高斯玻色取样只需200秒，这一突破使我国成为全球第二个实现“量子优越性”的国家。文章介绍了九章的优势，发展前景，以及目前的局限。
32．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Antn Zeilinger, nted quantum physicist and president f the Austrian Academy f Sciences, said that, fllwing this experiment, he predicts there is a very gd chance that quantum cmputers may be used very bradly smeday.”（奥地利科学院院长，著名量子物理学家Antn Zeilinger说，通过这次实验，他预测量子计算机有很大的机会得到广泛的应用）可推知，Antn Zeilinger对量子计算机很乐观。故选B项。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段的“Quantum machines can take cmputatinal shrtcuts when simulating extremely cmplex situatins, while cnventinal cmputers have t frce their way t a slutin, taking significantly mre time in the prcess. Mrever, it can perfrm an extreme calculatin, called Gaussian bsn sampling, in 200 secnds. The same task wuld take the wrld's fastest classical supercmputer, Fugaku, arund 600 millin years.”（在模拟特别复杂的场景时，量子计算机可以采用计算捷径，而传统计算机必须一步步地找解决方案，在过程中花费更多时间。此外，它可以在200秒内完成一个极端的计算，即高斯玻色子采样。同样的任务需要世界上最快的传统计算机Fugaku大约6亿年才能完成）可推知，作者主要采用把量子计算即和传统计算机进行对比来支持自己的观点。故选A项。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“In the near future, scientists may increase Jiuzhang's pssible utput states—a key indicatr f cmputing pwer—frm 10 t the 30th pwer t 10 t the 40th pwer.”（在不久的将来，科学家会增加九章潜在的输出态——这是计算机能力的一个关键的指标——从10的30次方到10的40次方）可推知，科学家下一步的发展重点是量子计算的潜在输出态，即它的容量。故选A项。
35．主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段的“Chinese scientists have created the wrld's first light-based quantum （量子）cmputer named Jiuzhang. It is a milestne in which a quantum machine can slve a prblem n classical supercmputer can tackle within a reasnable amunt f time.”（中国科学家构建了世界上首台光量子计算机“九章”。这是一个里程碑，量子计算机可以解决传统计算机无法在合理的时间内解决的问题）可知，本文主要讲述了第一台光量子计算机的问世。故选C项。
6.【河北省邯郸市2021届高三模拟】
Thanks t a prgram called Hunger： Nt Impssible (HNI), hungry peple culd have access t fresh, healthy fd in their neighbrhd by texting ne simple wrd: Hungry. On ne hand. peple in charge f the prgram learn that each year 42 millin Americans g hungry including 15. 9 millin children. On the ther hand, grcery stres, restaurants, and fd prviders thrw ut 60 millin tns f unused fd. HNI had a slutin—cnnectivity.
HNI started fundraising and develping partnerships. Then they make plans with rganizatins and charities t help lcate peple wh suffer frm fd insecurity. And they reached ut t technical experts at Salesfrce wh develped an easy-t-use text-driven platfrm using a chat bx. With all the elements in place, a simple text started the gdwill rlling.
When a needy persn types in “Hungry” and sends the text message t HNI. they receive a message, back shwing the clsest lcatins that are ffering free fd. They als get a text displaying different menu ptins. They simply select a restaurant, chse the meal, then heads t the takeut cunter where they pick up their free meal alngside paying custmers. N questins are asked and dignity is preserved. The pilt prject began in Venice Beach, Califrnia, prviding ver 250 meals t mre than 50 yuth in three weeks. HNI then grew t Bentnville. Arkansas, Klamath Falls Oregn? and St; Luis. Missuri.
"Prviding fd is the first step in transfrming lives fr the best. ” Michelle DiBattiste, peratins and vlunteer manager at Safe Place fr Yuth said in the press release, "By satisfying that initial survived instinct f finding fd. Hunger： Nt Impssible prvides necessary space fr persnal grwth, self-realizatin and finding stability. If there were less hungry peple in the wrld, the crime rate wuld be reduced? there wuld be fewer hmeless peple, and the cst f healthcare wuld cut dwn. ”
28．What des HNI d t help hungry peple?
A．Make a link between hungry peple and fd prviders.
B．Offer hungry peple fresh and healthy fd.
C．Ask sme restaurants t dnate mney.
D．Text a message t a grcery stre.
29．What des the underlined wrd “elements” refer t in paragraph 2?
A．Fund, restaurants, technical experts and the number f hungry peple.
B．Text messages, lcatin f the stres, menu ptins and the takeut cunter.
C．The pilt prject, peple suffering frm fd insecurity, a chat bx and plans.
D．Fund, partnership, lcating hungry peple, and an easy-t-use text-driven platfrm.
30．What can we infer frm what Michelle DiBattiste said?
A．Hungry peple will live a better life.
B．HNI is gd at helping hungry peple.
C．HNI is gd fr the peple and sciety.
D．Persnal grwth is extremely imprtant.
31．What can be the best title fr the text?
A．A Prgramme Cnnects Hungry Peple with Fd
B．Feeding the Needy Is Necessary fr Scial Stability
C．A Simple Wrd Helps Peple in Need f Fd
D．Hungry Peple Are Grateful t Restaurants
【答案】
28．A
29．D
30．C
31．A
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。面对人们的饥饱问题，和一些餐馆的浪费现象，一种新的项目HNI提出了新的解决方法，把饥饿人群和食物联系起来。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句话“HNI had a slutin—cnnectivity.，”可知，HNI提出了解决办法—“cnnectivity”，即把饥饿人群和餐馆或者提供食物的地方结合起来。故选A。
29．词义猜测题。根据第二段划线词前的描述“HNI started fundraising and develping partnerships. Then they make plans with rganizatins and charities t help lcate peple wh suffer frm fd insecurity. And they reached ut t technical experts at Salesfrce wh develped an easy-t-use text-driven platfrm using a chat bx. （HNI开始筹集资金并发展伙伴关系。然后他们与组织和慈善机构一起制定计划，帮助寻找那些遭受食品不安全之苦的人。他们联系了Salesfrce的技术专家，后者利用聊天框开发了一个易于使用的文本驱动平台。）”可知，HNI需要有资金的支持，有合作伙伴，知道如何定位人群，如何利用平台收发信息等，所以此处的“elements”指代前文的“Fund, partnership, lcating hungry peple, and an easy-t-use text-driven platfrm.（资金，合作人，定位饥饿的人，以及一个易于使用的文本驱动平台。）故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据Michelle DiBattiste 所说的“If there were less hungry peple in the wrld, the crime rate wuld be reduced, there wuld be fewer hmeless peple, and the cst f healthcare wuld cut dwn（如果世界上挨饿的人少一些，犯罪率就会降低，无家可归的人就会少一些，医疗费用就会降低）”可知，这个计划将使很多饥饿的人满足基本需求，这样一来就会降低犯罪率，同时减少医疗保健费用。显然这个计划对个人和社会都有好处。故选C。
31．主旨大意题。阅读文章，并根据第一段“Thanks t a prgram called Hunger： Nt Impssible (HNI), hungry peple culd have access t fresh, healthy fd in their neighbrhd by texting ne simple wrd: Hungry. On ne hand. peple in charge f the prgram learn that each year 42 millin Americans g hungry including 15. 9 millin children. On the ther hand, grcery stres, restaurants, and fd prviders thrw ut 60 millin tns f unused fd. HNI had a slutin—cnnectivity. 多亏了一个名为“饥饿:并非不可能”(Hunger: Nt Impssible, HNI)的项目，饥饿的人们可以通过发短信一个简单的词:饥饿，就能在他们的社区获得新鲜、健康的食物。一方面。负责这个项目的人了解到，每年有4200万美国人挨饿，其中包括159万名儿童。另一方面，杂货店、餐馆和食品供应商会扔掉6000万吨未吃的食物。HNI有一个解决方案——把他们联系起来。)”可知，短文的最佳标题为“一个项目将饥饿的人们与食物联系起来”。故选A。
7.【湖北重点中学2021届高三联合检测】
A deadly virus is spreading frm state t state and has infected 26 millin Americans s far, killing at least 14,000 peple this seasn alne. It’s nt a new pandemic (传染病) – it’s influenza.
The 2019-2020 flu seasn, which began September 29, is prjected t be ne f the wrst in a decade, accrding t the Natinal Institute f Allergy and Infectius Diseases. At least 250,000 peple have been hspitalized with symptms frm the flu, and that number is predicted t climb as flu activity spreads quickly.
Dr. Nathan Chmil, an assistant prfessr at University f Minnesta Medical Schl, said that the cmmnness f the flu ften underplays its severity, but peple shuld take it seriusly.
The flu becmes dangerus when secndary infectins emerge, the result f an already weakened immune system. Bacterial and viral infectins wrsen the flu’s symptms. Peple with chrnic illnesses are als at a heightened risk fr flu cmplicatins.
Thse cmplicatins include pneumnia(肺炎), inflammatin in the heart and brain and rgan failure – which, in sme cases, can be deadly.
Influenza is tricky because the virus changes every year. Smetimes, the dminant strain in a flu seasn will be mre virulent than in previus years, which can impact the number f peple infected and the severity f their symptms.
Mst f these changes in the virus are small and insignificant, a prcess called antigenic drift. That year’s flu vaccine is mstly effective in prtecting patients in spite f these small changes.
Occasinally, the flu underges a rare antigenic shift, which results when a cmpletely new strain f virus emerges that human bdies haven’t experienced befre.
This flu seasn, there’s n sign f antigenic shift, the mst extreme change. But it’s happened befre, mst recently in 2009 with the H1N1 virus. It became a pandemic because peple had n immunity against it, the CDC reprted.
28．What d the numbers indicate in the first tw paragraphs?
A．The flu is rather serius.B．The flu is quite cmmn.
C．The flu is easy t cntrl.D．The flu seasn lasts lng.
29．When des the flu becme dangerus?
A．There appear new symptms f flu wing t antigenic shift.
B．The number f patients becmes large with the virus spreading.
C．Relative infectins turn up because f the weaker immune system.
D．The virus changes its frm with n immunity against it.
30．The underlined wrd “virulent” in paragraph 6 means ___________.
A．changeableB．deadlyC．peacefulD．different
31．Why is the H1N1 virus in 2009 referred t in the last paragraph?
A．T warn peple that the antigenic shift is impssible.
B．T infrm peple that the virus can be cured.
C．T shw peple that the vaccine is effective.
D．T remind peple that the virus can be changed.
【答案】
28．A
29．C
30．B
31．D
【解析】
本文是新闻报道，主要介绍了流感在美国的影响。
28．推理判断题。根据文章第一句“A deadly virus is spreading frm state t state”（ 一种致命病毒正从一个州传播到另一个州。）可知致命病毒在美国肆虐，各种数字统计表明其严重程度，故选A项。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段第一句话“The flu becmes dangerus when secndary infectins emerge, the result f an already weakened immune system” （当继发感染出现时，流感就变得很危险，继发感染是免疫系统已经减弱的结果。）可知，由于免疫功能下降而出现二次感染时，流感将会变得相当危险，故选C项。
30．词义猜测题。根据第六段第一句话“Influenza is tricky（流感是危险的）”可知，本段描述流感的危险性；下文which引导的非限制性定语从句又跟进解释了感染人群数目的增多和症状的严重性，由此推知virulent的意思是“严重的”。故选B项。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“This flu seasn, there’s n sign f antigenic shift, the mst extreme change.” （这个流感季节，没有抗原变化的迹象，最极端的变化。）可知，虽然本次还未出现抗基因变化，但是在2009年曾出现过，作为例证提醒人们类似状况的出现，故选D项。
8.【江苏省苏州中学2021届高三调研】
The Cambridge Science Festival Curisity Challenge
Dare t Take the Curisity Challenge!
The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased t infrm yu f the sixth annual Curisity Challenge. The challenge invites , even dares schl students between the ages f 5 and 14 t create artwrk r a piece f writing that shws their curisity hw it inspires them t explre their wrld.
Students are being dared t draw a picture, write an article, take a pht r write a pem that shws what they are curius abut. T enter the challenge, all artwrk r pieces f writing shuld be sent t the Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue,
Students wh enter the Curisity Challenge and are selected as winners will be hnr at a special ceremny during the CSF n Sunday, April 21st. Guest speakers will als present prizes t the students. Winning entries will be published in a bk. Student entries will exhibited and prizes will be given. Families f thse wh take part will be included in celebratin and brunch will be served.
Between March 10th and March 15h, each winner will be given the specifics f the clsing ceremny and the Curisity Challenge celebratin. The prgram guidelines and ther related infrmatin are available at :http cambridgesciencefestival.rg.
1．Wh can take part in the Curisity Challenge?
A．Cambridge lcals.B．Schl students.
C．CSF winners.D．MIT artists.
2．When will the prize-giving ceremny be held?
A．On February 8th.B．On March 10th.
C．On March 15thD．On April 21st.
3．What type f writing is this text?
A．An exhibitin guide.B．An art shw review.
C．An annuncement.D．An fficial reprt.
【答案】
1．A
2．D
3．C
【解析】
本文为应用文，题材为新闻广告类。本文介绍了剑桥科学节即将举办的一项鼓励学生们参加的好奇心挑战活动。叙述了第六届剑桥科技节的通知，通知要求5至14岁的学生可以报名参加，参赛作品可以是一张画、一篇文章、一张照片或一首诗，作品能够鼓励人们探险世界。将在剑桥科技节4月21日给优秀作品颁奖。
1．细节理解题。谁能够参加好奇心的挑战？根据“The challenge invites , even dares schl students between the ages f 5 and 14 t create artwrk r a piece f writing that shws their curisity hw it inspires them t explre their wrld.” 这个挑战甚至鼓励5到14岁的学生创作艺术品或作品来表达他们的好奇心，以激发他们探索自己的世界。可知是5—14岁的学生可以参加比赛。故选A。
2．细节理解题。颁奖仪式什么时间举行？根据“Students wh enter the Cambridge Challenge and are selected as winners will be hnred at a special ceremny during the CSF n Sunday, April 21st.” 参加剑桥挑战赛并被选中的学生将在4月21日(周日)的CSF特别典礼上获得荣誉。可知颁奖仪式在4月21日星期天举行，故选D。
3．推理判断题。这篇是属于什么体裁的文章？根据短文的内容及“The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased t infrm yu f the sixth annual Curisity Challenge. ” 剑桥科学节(CSF)很高兴地告诉您第六届年度好奇挑战赛的信息。由此判断出，这是一个通知。故选C。
9.【重庆市第一中学2021届高三模拟】
Chinese athletes were highlighted by a series f inspiratinal wins in the Internatinal Ski Federatin’s Wrld Cup circuit recently. China’s Gu Ailing, a Chinese freestyle talent, made histry by becming the first ever back-t-back freeski Wrld Cup winner in tw different events at the same venue after claiming the slpestyle title in Calgary, Canada, n Feb.15, 2020. The day befre, Gu had strmed t her first Cup gld in the halfpipe cmpetitin.
Gu again thrilled the crwds n Feb.15 in the slpestyle with anther impressive display f technical riding, landing a string f difficult tricks, including a massive right 900° twist with a tail grab in her secnd run that earned her 89.18 pints t dminate the 18-strng field.
“Hnestly, my mind is blwn,” Gu tld the FIS website after the cmpetitin. “Cming in I didn’t have any expectatins. I try nt t take anything fr granted. Hnestly, I culd nt have expected tw wins frm these events.”
“I really just came in trying t d my best and ski the way I knew I culd. Skiing my best is really the best part f this, and being rewarded fr it just makes it even better.”
Brn t a Chinese mther and an American father in San Francisc, US, Gu, better knwn as Eileen in the States, cmpleted a naturalizatin prcess last June t represent China in internatinal cmpetitins.
Nw she has her sights set n ding her mther’s hme cuntry prud at the 2022 Beijing Games.
A talented skier wh has wn many natinal junir titles in the US, Gu became a hit last mnth after winning tw glds and a silver — in halfpipe, Big Air and slpestyle — at her first appearance in Winter Yuth Olympics in Lausanne, Switzerland.
With Gu nw n bard in freeski, China’s snw sprts team, which als features wrld-class aerial skiers and halfpipe snwbarders, is determined t challenge Western dminance n the snw in 2022.
4．Hw did Gu Ailing created histry in her career?
A．She wn tw gld medals in the Wrld Cup.
B．She shwed her talent in skiing perfrmance.
C．She displayed an impressive technical riding.
D．She made a massive right 900° twist twice.
5．What mainly made Gu perfrm well in the match?
A．Her pwerful determinatin.B．Her parents’ psitive supprt.
C．Her deep lve fr cmpetitin.D．Her relaxing and careful mind.
6．Where was Gu brn?
A．In China.B．In America.
C．In Canada.D．In Switzerland.
7．When did Gu becme knwn in sprts?
A．On Feb.15, 2020.B．On Feb.14, 2020.
C．In January 2020.D．In June 2019.
【答案】
4．A
5．D
6．B
7．C
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国自由式滑雪天才谷爱凌于2020年2月15日在加拿大卡尔加里夺得自由式滑雪冠军的事情并简单介绍了谷爱凌的职业生涯。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“China’s Gu Ailing, a Chinese freestyle talent, made histry by becming the first ever back-t-back freeski Wrld Cup winner in tw different events at the same venue after claiming the slpestyle title in Calgary, Canada, n Feb.15, 2020.”（中国自由式滑雪天才谷爱凌于2020年2月15日在加拿大卡尔加里夺得自由式滑雪冠军，成为有史以来第一位在同一场地两个不同项目连续获得自由式滑雪世界杯冠军的选手。）可知，谷爱凌是有史以来第一位在同一场地两个不同项目连续获得自由式滑雪世界杯冠军的选手。由此可知，谷爱凌是通过在世界杯上获得两枚金牌创造了自己职业生涯中的历史。故选A项。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“Cming in I didn’t have any expectatins. I try nt t take anything fr granted. Hnestly, I culd nt have expected tw wins frm these events.”（进入赛场时我没有任何期望。我尽量不想当然。老实说，我没想到在这些赛事中会赢两场。）和第四段内容“I really just came in trying t d my best and ski the way I knew I culd. Skiing my best is really the best part f this, and being rewarded fr it just makes it even better.”（我只是想尽我最大的努力，以我所知道的方式滑雪。滑雪是我最擅长的的部分，而得到奖励只会让它变得更好。）可知，谷爱凌在比赛中思想上是放松的，只是尽最大努力滑雪，而把得到奖励当作是对自己的鼓励。由此可推断出，是谷爱凌放松而细心的头脑让她在比赛中表现出色。故选D项。
6．细节理解题。根据第五段关键句“Brn t a Chinese mther and an American father in San Francisc, US”（出生于美国旧金山的一位中国母亲和一位美国父亲的家庭）可知，谷爱凌是在美国旧金山出生的，由此可知，她是在美国出生的。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容“A talented skier wh has wn many natinal junir titles in the US, Gu became a hit last mnth after winning tw glds and a silver — in halfpipe, Big Air and slpestyle — at her first appearance in Winter Yuth Olympics in Lausanne, Switzerland.”（作为一名天才滑雪者，她在美国赢得了许多全国青少年滑雪冠军。上个月，她在瑞士洛桑冬奥会上首次亮相，获得了两枚金牌和一枚银牌，分别是滑雪U池、大跳台滑雪和自由式滑雪，在这之后，她成为了热门。）可知，谷爱凌是在上个月的比赛中获得两金一银后，成为热门的，本篇文章为新闻报道，报道的是谷爱凌于2020年2月15日在加拿大卡尔加里夺得自由式滑雪冠军的事情，由此可推断出，文中的上个月指的是2020年1月，也就是说，谷爱凌是在2020年1月在体育界出名的。故选C项。
10.【湖南省2021届高三联考】
Fr the first time, a wman captain led Britain’s Changing f the Guard ceremny at Buckingham Palace. Canadian fficer Megan Cut made histry n June 26 by cmmanding the trps guarding Queen Elizabeth's Lndn hme. Cut, 24, led her Canadian unit in the ceremny, which is witnessed by thusands f visitrs t Lndn each year. Her unit is the Secnd Battalin, Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry （步兵），als knwn as The Patricia's".
The British Army said Cut was the first ever female infantry fficer t lead the ceremny. “We lk frward t seeing a British Army female infantry captain f the queen's guard when rles are pened up t wmen by the end f next year,“ a statement read.
Wmen were barred frm serving in the British infantry and ther fighting rles until the military changed the rule last year.
Canadian Captain Megan Cut made histry by becming the first female Captain f the Queen's Guard as she tk part in the Changing the Guard ceremny at Buckingham Palace in Lndn, Mnday, June 26. The Canadian unit was invited t Britain t mark Canada's upcming 150th anniversary. Canada Day is celebrated n July 1.
Canada was established n July 1, 1867, when Britain apprved the British Nrth America Act. The act established the Canadian Cnfederatin ut f three British clnies(殖民地). Canada, alng with several ther natins, still belngs t the British Cmmnwealth(英联邦). Queen Elizabeth still serves as the cuntry's fficial head f state.
Many celebratins will be held thrughut Canada t mark the cuntry's 150th birthday. Amng the activities will be parades, musical and cultural perfrmances and firewrks. Britain's Prince Charles and his wife Camilla are t spend three days visiting Canada t mark the anniversary. In Britain, peple plan t gather in Lndn's Trafalgar Square t take part in a celebratin fr Canada Day. The event will feature musical perfrmances, Canadian fd, sprts and ther activities. It is predicted that there will be thusands f freign visitrs cming t enjy the event.
24．What is special abut the Changing f the Guard ceremny this time?
A．It didn't include Britain sldiers.B．It was cmmanded by a female.
C．It was led by a British fficer.D．It was held in Canada.
25．Why did the Canadian sldiers cme t Britain?
A．T hnur the British queen.B．T guide the British queen.
C．T attract freign visitrs.D．T celebrate Canada Day.
26．What was Canada like befre it was established?
A．It was part f Britain.
B．It was the same as it is tday.
C．It belnged t the USA．D．It was ut f the British Cmmnwealth.
27．What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A．Delicius fd n Canada Day.B．Celebratins t be held in Canada.
C．Freign visitrs t enjy the event.D．Activities t be held fr Canada Day.
【答案】
24．B
25．D
26．A
27．D
【解析】本篇是一篇新闻报道。一位加拿大女军官首次成为英国的卫兵换岗仪式的指挥官，她是该仪式的首位女性指挥官。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Fr the first time, a wman captain led Britain’s Changing f the Guard ceremny at Buckingham Palace.(这是英国第一次由一名女上尉领导在白金汉宫举行的卫兵换岗仪式。)”可知，这次卫兵换岗仪式的特别之处在于女性第一次当指挥官。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“The Canadian unit was invited t Britain t mark Canada's upcming 150th anniversary.(加拿大部队应邀前往英国庆祝加拿大即将到来的150周年纪念日。)”可知，加拿大士兵来到英国是为了庆祝加拿大国庆日。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“The act established the Canadian Cnfederatin ut f three British clnies (该法案建立了由三个英国殖民地组成的加拿大联邦)”可知，加拿大在建立之前，还是英国的殖民地。故选A。
27．主旨大意题。根据本段第一句“Many celebratins will be held thrughut Canada t mark the cuntry's 150th birthday.(加拿大各地将举行许多庆祝活动来庆祝国家的150岁生日。)”和本段的内容可知，本段谈论了加拿大国庆日期间，分别在英国和加拿大举行的各种活动。故选D。
【命题趋势】
新闻报道在2020年高考中出现了两次，过去的高考中新闻报道也零星出现过几次。不仅在阅读中，写作，阅读七选五或者语法填空都有可能涉及到。所以新闻报道类题材还是需要复习的。以下是新闻报道真题和模拟试题，学生可以集中练习。
1.【2020年全国卷Ⅲ】
When "Rise f the Planet f the Apes" was first shwn t the public last mnth, a grup f excited animal activists gathered n Hllywd Bulevard. But they weren’t there t thrw red paint n fur-cat-wearing film stars. Instead, ne activist, dressed in a full-bdy mnkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: "Thanks fr nt using real apes (猿)!"
The creative team behind "Apes" used mtin-capture (动作捕捉) technlgy t create digitalized animals, spending tens f millins f dllars n technlgy that recrds an actr’s perfrmance and later prcesses it with cmputer graphics t create a final image (图像). In this case, ne f a realistic-lking ape.
Yet "Apes" is mre exceptin than the rule. In fact, Hllywd has been ht n live animals lately. One nnprfit rganizatin, which mnitrs the treatment r animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs n mre than 2,000 prductins this year. Already, a number f films, including "Water fr Elephants," "The Hangver Part Ⅱ" and "Zkeeper," have drawn the anger f activists wh say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated prperly.
In sme cases, it’s nt s much the treatment f the animals n set in the studi that has activists wrried; it’s the ff-set training and living cnditins that are raising cncerns. And there are questins abut the films made utside the States, which smetimes are nt mnitred as clsely as prductins filmed in the Sates.
24. Why did the animal activists gather n Hllywd Bulevard?
A. T see famus film stars.B. T ppse wearing fur cats.
C. T raise mney fr animal prtectin.D. T express thanks t sme filmmakers.
25. What des paragraph 2 mainly talk abut?
A. The cst f making "Apes."B. The creatin f digitalized apes.
C. The publicity abut “Apes."D. The perfrmance f real apes.
26. What des the underlined phrase "keeping tabs n" in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Listing cmpletely.B. Directing prfessinally.
C. Prmting successfully.D. Watching carefully.
27. What can we infer frm the last paragraph abut animal actrs?
A. They may be badly treated.B. They shuld take further training.
C. They culd be traded illegally.D. They wuld lse ppularity.
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. D 27. A
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了电影“猩球崛起”上个月首次与公众见面。动物爱好者聚集在好莱坞前，感谢电影制作者，在电影拍摄时，没有使用真的类人猿。现在的动物拍摄使用的是数字化人猿的创造技术，而一些电影的拍摄却存在着虐地动物的现象，这让一个非盈利的组织密切关注此事。但有些拍摄也是不能够被监测到的。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Instead, ne activist ,dressed in a full -bdy mnkey suit ,had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers:“Thanks fr nt using real apes”可知，相反，一名身穿全套猴服的活动人士来到现场，手里拿着一块牌子，称赞电影制作人:“感谢你们不用真正的猿猴。所以动物保护者聚集在好莱坞大道是为了向电影制作者表示感谢。故选D项。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“The creative team behind "Apes" used mtin-capture (动作捕捉) technlgy t create digitalized animals, spending tens f millins f dllars n technlgy that I recrds an actr’s perfrmance and later prcesses it with cmputer graphics t create a final image (图像). ”可知，“人猿”背后的创作团队利用动作捕捉技术创造数字化的动物，在记录演员表演的技术上，花费数千万美元，然后用电脑图形处理，以产生最终的影像。由此可知，第二段主要是关于数字化人猿的创造。故选B项。
【26题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段划线前的句子“One nnprfit rganizatin, which mnitrs the treatment r animals in filmed entertainment”（一个非营利组织，监控动物在电影娱乐中的待遇）以及下文Already, a number f films, including "Water fr Elephants," "The Hangver Part Ⅱ" and "Zkeeper," have drawn the anger f activists wh say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated prperly.（许多电影,包括“大象的眼泪”,“宿醉Ⅱ”和“管理员”,引起了动物保护人士的愤怒，他们说影片中的动物没有遭到很好的对待。）由此可知，其中一家监控动物待遇的非营利组织，今年正密切关注着2000多部影片。由此判断出，划线词的意思是“密切关注”。故选D项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段In sme cases, it’s nt s much the treatment f the animals n set in the studi that has activists wrried; it’s the ff-set training and living cnditins that are raising cncerns. And there are questins abut the films made utside the States, which smetimes are nt mnitred as clsely as prductins filmed in the Sates.”（在某些情况下，让活动人士担心的并不是电影棚里对动物的待遇;让人担忧的是训练和生活条件。还有一些关于在美国以外拍摄的电影的问题，这些电影有时不像在美国拍摄的电影那样受到严密的监控。）可知，在某些情况下，让活动人士担心的并不是工作室里动物的待遇;令人担忧的是训练和生活条件。由此判断出动物演员可能受到虐待。故选A项。
2.【2020年全国卷Ⅲ】
With the yung unable t affrd t leave hme and the ld at risk f islatin(孤独), mre families are chsing t live tgether.
The drway t peace and quiet, fr Nick Bright at least, leads straight t his mther-in-law: she lives n the grund flr, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their tw daughters.
Fur years ag they all mved int a three-strey Victrian huse in Bristl — ne f a grwing number f multigeneratinal families in the UK living tgether under the same rf. They share a frnt dr and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her wn kitchen, bathrm, bedrm and living rm n the grund flr.
“We flated the idea t my mum f sharing a huse,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spke mre with Nick because I think it’s a big thing fr Nick t live with his mther-in-law.”
And what des Nick think? “Frm my standpint, it all seems t wrk very well. Wuld I recmmend it? Yes, I think I wuld.”
It’s hard t tell exactly hw many peple agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising fr sme time. Official reprts suggest that the number f husehlds with three generatins living tgether had risen frm 325,000 in 2001 t 419,000 in 2013.
Other varieties f multigeneratinal family are mre cmmn. Sme peple live with their elderly parents; many mre adult children are returning t the family hme, if they ever left. It is said that abut 20% f 25-34-year-lds live with their parents, cmpared with 16% in 1991.The ttal number f all multigeneratinal husehlds in Britain is thught t be abut 1.8 millin.
Stries like that are mre cmmn in parts f the wrld where multigeneratinal living is mre firmly rted. In India, particularly utside cities, yung wmen are expected t mve in with their husband’s family when they get married.
28. Wh mainly uses the grund flr in the Victrian huse in Bristl?
A. Nick. B. Rita.C. KathrynD. The daughters.
29. What is Nick’s attitude twards sharing the huse with his mther-in -law?
A. Psitive.B. Carefree.C. Tlerant.D. Unwilling.
30. What is the authr’s statement abut multigeneratinal family based n?
A. Family traditins.B. Financial reprts. C. Published statistics. D. Public pinins.
31. What is the text mainly abut?
A. Lifestyles in different cuntries.B. Cnflicts between generatins.
C. A husing prblem in Britain.D. A rising trend f living in the UK.
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了在英国，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临着被孤立的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起，出现了多世同堂的现象。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“ but Rita Whitehead has her wn kitchen, bathrm, bedrm and living rm n the grund flr.”可知，但Rita在一楼有自己的厨房、浴室、卧室和客厅。由此可知，Rita 在布里斯托尔的维多利亚式住宅中使用一楼。故选B项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“And what des Nick think? “Frm my standpint, it all seems t wrk very well. Wuld I recmmend it? Yes, I think I wuld.”可知，尼克是怎么想的?“从我的角度来看，一切都很顺利。我推荐它吗?是的，我想我会推荐在一起居住的。”由此判断出，尼克对和和岳母合住房子的态度是积极的。故选A项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“ Official reprts suggest that the number f husehlds with three generatins living tgether had risen frm 325,000 in 2002 t 419,000 in 2013.”官方报告显示，三代同堂的家庭数量从2002年的32.5万户增加到2013年的41.9万户。根据第七段“It is said that abut 20% f 25-34-year-lds live with their parents, cmpared with 16% in 1991.The ttal number f all multigeneratinal husehlds in Britain is thught t be abut 1.8 millin.”可知，据说，25-34岁的年轻人中有20%和父母住在一起，而1991年这一比例为16%。据估计，英国多代同堂的家庭总数约为180万。由此可知，作者关于多世同堂家庭的论述基于发布的统计数据。故选C项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“With the yung unable t affrd t leave hme and the ld at risk f islatin(孤独), mre families are chsing t live tgether.”可知，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临着被孤立的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起。所以短文主要是关于英国生活方式的一种上升趋势。故选D项。
1.【吉林省长春市东北师范大学附中2019-2020学年高三上学期第一次摸底】
As we all knw, mst animals nly perfrm tricks when given treats. Hwever, Kim, the wrld’s first spider t learn a skill, needs n stimulus (刺激物) t d what she lves—jumping frm different heights and distances— upn the instructin f a team f scientists frm the University f Manchester.
While the idea f training a spider might sund evil, the researchers’ mtives were purely scientific. They are trying t unlck the secrets behind the jumping spiders’ extrardinarily high leaps t catch prey (猎物) r t escape their enemies. A better understanding f the spiders’ leaps wuld help experts develp mre efficient flying and jumping rbts.
The scientists fund that Kim culd gather enugh frce in her legs t jump mre than six times the length f her wn bdy frm a statinary psitin. What was even mre amazing was that she always landed perfectly. Fr shrter distances, Kim used a lt f energy, resulting in quick leaps, which the researchers believe prbably increases her chances f catching fast-mving prey. The farther the distance, the less extra energy was used, resulting in slwer but precise leaps.
Previus studies have indicated that spiders use bth their muscles and hydraulic (液压的) pressure—a mechanism by which bld is transferred t their extended legs—t push them ff the grund. Hwever, in Kim’s case, her leg muscles alne appeared t be generating enugh frce fr the liftff. The researchers nw intend t d further research t cmprehend fully nt just the spiders’ jumping technique, but that f ther insects as well. “We are familiar with rbts that are aimed at taking ver human functins, but there are millins f insects in the wrld that perfrm specific functins that we have interest in adapting t rbtics,” says Nabawy, the leading engineer f the researching team.
12. What is the purpse f scientists’ researching the jumping spider?
A. T have fun and relax.B. T help develp rbts.
C. T get rid f spiders.D. T prtect this species.
13. Why did Kim use a lt f energy fr shrt leaps?
A T jump high enugh.
B. T land mre precisely.
C. T catch fast-mving prey.
D. T increase chances f escape.
14. What des the underlined wrd “that” in the last paragraph refers t?
A. Jumping technique.B. Leg muscle.
C. Further research.D. Energy fr liftff.
15. What can be a suitable title f this passage?
A. Jumping Techniques Used by Jumping Spider
B. Jumping Spider Inspired Creating Rbts
C. Animals Perfrm Tricks if Prvided with Treats
D. The Wrld’s First Spider That Jumps n Demand
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】本文是科技新闻。研究人员对蜘蛛进行了研究，发现它们对于不同的距离利用不同的策略来跳。科学家们希望这种研究对改进机器人有所帮助。
12.推理判断题。根据第二段中的A better understanding f the spiders’ leaps wuld help experts develp mre efficient flying and jumping rbts.（更好地了解蜘蛛的跳跃将有助于专家开发出更高效的飞行和跳跃机器人）可知，科学家们研究跳蜘蛛的目的在于帮助开发高效的可飞的和跳跃的机器人。故选B。
13.细节理解题。根据第三段中Fr shrter distances, Kim used a lt f energy, resulting in quick leaps, which the researchers believe prbably increases her chances f catching fast-mving prey.（在较短的距离中，Kim消耗了大量的能量，导致了快速跳跃，研究人员认为这可能增加了她抓住快速移动的猎物的机会）可知， Kim用大量的能量进行短距离跳跃来捕捉快速移动的猎物。故选C。
14.词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段中的The researchers nw intend t d further research t cmprehend fully nt just the spiders' jumping technique, but that f ther insects as well.（研究人员现在打算做进一步的研究，不仅要全面了解蜘蛛的跳跃技术，还要了解其他昆虫的跳跃技术）可知，由此可见，that指代Jumping technique。故选A。
15.主旨大意题。根据第二段中的They are trying t unlck the secrets behind the jumping spiders’ extrardinarily high leaps t catch prey (猎物) r t escape their enemies. A better understanding f the spiders’ leaps wuld help experts develp mre efficient flying and jumping rbts.（他们试图揭开跳蛛超高跳跃的秘密，以捕捉猎物或逃离敌人。更好地理解蜘蛛的跳跃将有助于专家开发出更高效的飞行和跳跃机器人）可知，本文主要报道对跳蜘蛛进行了研究，发现它们对于不同的距离利用不同的策略来跳。科学家们希望这种研究对改进机器人有所帮助。由此可知B. Jumping Spider Inspired Creating Rbts（跳跃蜘蛛启发创造机器人）适合做本文最佳标题。故选B。
2.【2020年新疆乌鲁木齐市第一中学高考一模】
A new reprt frm the U.K. says that mre than 1 in 5 teens there spend five hurs r mre per day n scial media. And the heavier users f scial media g t bed later and get prer quality sleep. The new study was based n self-reprted survey data frm nearly 12,000 teenage participants in the U.K. Millennium Chrt Study.
Megan Mren, a researcher at the University f Wiscnsin-Madisn, says that scial media is t ften described as either entirely gd r bad, when the reality is mre cmplicated fr teens. "Scial media may have its prblems, but it is the way that they stay in tuch with each ther," she says.
Perhaps unsurprisingly, the study fund a link between high scial media usage and pr sleep patterns. Specifically, teens wh reprt heavier scial media use g t sleep later. And, the study authrs nte, late bedtimes are linked with prer academic and mental health utcmes.
Hlly Sctt, a researcher at the University f Glasgw, isn't sunding the alarm. She says, "it's easy t lk at the results f this and think, 'We shuld just get teenagers t spend less time n scial media.' I think that's an understandable respnse, but what I really encurage peple t d is lk beynd that." She says peple shuld pay attentin t the "imprtant emtinal and cgnitive and scial factrs" at play with when teenagers are using scial media.
Sctt emphasizes that the study is pinting t a crrelatin between scial media and pr sleep, but nt necessarily demnstrating cause and effect.
"Certainly sme teens d say that they struggle t get ff f scial media at night — they might be wrried abut missing ut n things, r affecting their friends by nt answering messages — and they stay up late frm that," she says. But, "maybe fr sme f thse yung peple they have a naturally later bdy clck, and are passing their free time at night n scial media until they're ready t fall asleep," she says.
8. What’s the purpse f the new study in the U.K.?
A. T find the benefits f using scial media.
B. T knw the effects f using scial media.
C. T knw teenagers’ habits f using scial media.
D. T prve the grwing ppularity f scial media.
9. What attitude des Megan Mren take twards scial media?
A. Critical.
B. Psitive.
C. Objective.
D. Cnfused.
10. What des Hlly Sctt think f scial media’s causing pr sleep?
A. It’s interesting.
B. It’s impssible.
C. It’s beynd dubt.
D. It lacks evidence.
11. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Hw t Sleep Well Tnight
B. Scial Media Is Wasting Our Time
C. Teens May Be Lsing Sleep Over Scial Media
D. Make Use f Scial Media in an Effective Way
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. C
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。英国一项最新研究发现，使用社交媒体会导致青少年睡眠质量的下降。
8.推理判断题。根据第一、三两段可知，英国这项最新研究所揭示的是使用社交媒体对青少年带来的不良影响，包括睡眠差、成绩差及心理健康问题等。故 B 项正确。
9.推理判断题。根据第二段可知，Megan Mren 认为，不能简单地说社交媒体是好还是坏，它有利有弊。因此推断他对社交媒体的态度是客观的。故 C 项正确。
10.推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，Hlly Sctt 认为，使用社交媒体与睡眠差之间不一定存在因果关系，也许是其他原因导致睡眠质量下降。因此推断Hlly Sctt认为对于社交媒体导致不好的睡眠缺乏证据。故 D 项正确。
11.主旨大意题。根据文章第一段A new reprt frm the U.K. says that mre than 1 in 5 teens there spend five hurs r mre per day n scial media. And the heavier users f scial media g t bed later and get prer quality sleep.及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了英国一项最新的研究：过多使用社交媒体会导致青少年的睡眠质量下降。故用 C 项作标题恰如其分。
考查阅读理解选择最佳标题时，需要注意排除绝对化或片面的选项，要放眼全文，从首段和末段寻找文章的主旨大意。小题4就是根据文章首段根据文章第一段A new reprt frm the U.K. says that mre than 1 in 5 teens there spend five hurs r mre per day n scial media. And the heavier users f scial media g t bed later and get prer quality sleep.及通读全文概括出标题。
3. 【江苏省如皋市2021届高三适应性考试】
In a wrld first, scientists have clned a rare, endangered Przewalski's hrse named Kurt at San Dieg z in the US. Little Kurt lks like any ther baby hrse as he plays happily in his pen(围栏).
He isn't afraid t kick r head butt anyne wh gets in his way and when he's hungry, dashes ver t his mther fr milk.
Scientists have clned nearly tw dzen kinds f mammals. The first was Dlly the sheep in the UK in 1996. Other species include dgs, cats, pigs, cws and pl pnies and, in China in 2018, a mnkey.
The z sees Kurt's birth as a milestne in effrts t restre the ppulatin f the hrse als knwn as the Asiatic Wild Hrse r Mnglian Wild Hrse. The small animals ( they stand nly abut 1.2m t 1.5m tall) are believed extinct in the wild and number nly abut 2,000 in zs and wildlife habitats. Their limited gene pl puts them at a reprductive disadvantage.
“This hrse is expected t be ne f the mst genetically imprtant individuals f his species,” Bb Wiese, chief life sciences fficer at San Dieg Z Glbal, which perates the z, said in a statement. “We are hpeful that he will bring back genetic variatin imprtant fr the future f the Przewalski's hrse ppulatin. ”
Althugh nly 2 mnths ld Kurt's birth was made pssible in 1980 when cells were taken frm a 5-year-ld male hrse and put in deep freeze at San Dieg's Frzen Z facility. His father died in 1998.
Kurt was named fr Kurt Benirschke, wh played a key rle in funding the Frzen Z.
“A central belief f the Frzen Z, when it was established by Dr Benirschke, was that it wuld be used fr purpses nt pssible at the time. ” said Oliver Ryder, directr f genetics at San Dieg Z Glbal.
Kurt was brn at a veterinary(兽医的) facility in Texas,US,where he'll cntinue t live with his mther fr mst likely anther year. Eventually he'll becme part f the z's Przewalski's hrse ppulatin, where it's hped smeday he'll becme a father himself.
8．Accrding t the passage, many mammals have been clned except______.
A．Przewalski's hrses
B．plar bears
C．mnkeys
D．sheep
9．Why des the z see Kurt's birth as a milestne?
A．Because it will be the first ne t live in the wild.
B．Because it is the nly clned ne clse t extinctin.
C．Because it's expected t becme the lead hrse.
D．Because it may help recver the genetic variatin.
10．What can we learn abut Kurt frm the text?
A．He behaved differently frm thers when he was yung.
B．He desn't have a father as a clned ne in the labratry.
C．The cells fr clning have been preserved fr ver 40 years.
D．Its name cmes frm the discverer f the Przewalski's hrse.
11．What was the Frzen Z set up fr?
A．Prtecting endangered animals that may be hard t save fr the mment.
B．Prviding necessary facilities t help peple clne endangered animals.
C．Encuraging peple t insist n their purpses that may hard t achieve.
D．Frming a central belief that it wuld be useful smeday in the near future.
【答案】
8．B
9．D
10．C
11．A
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了近日，科学家在美国圣地亚哥动物园克隆了一匹罕见的濒危普氏野马库尔特，这在世界上尚属首次。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Scientists have clned nearly tw dzen kinds f mammals. The first was Dlly the sheep in the UK in 1996. Other species include dgs, cats, pigs, cws and pl pnies and, in China in 2018, a mnkey.（科学家已经克隆了近24种哺乳动物。第一个是1996年英国的多利羊。其他物种包括狗、猫、猪、牛和马球马，以及2018年在中国的猴子。）”可知，北极熊没有被克隆过。故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The z sees Kurt's birth as a milestne in effrts t restre the ppulatin f the hrse als knwn as the Asiatic Wild Hrse r Mnglian Wild Hrse. The small animals ( they stand nly abut 1.2m t 1.5m tall) are believed extinct in the wild and number nly abut 2,000 in zs and wildlife habitats.（动物园认为库尔特的出生是努力恢复亚洲野马或蒙古野马数量的一个里程碑。这种小动物(它们的身高只有1.2米到1.5米)在野生环境中被认为已经灭绝，在动物园和野生动物栖息地中只有大约2000种。）”和文章第五段““We are hpeful that he will bring back genetic variatin imprtant fr the future f the Przewalski's hrse ppulatin. ”（ “我们希望他能带回对普氏野马种群的未来至关重要的基因变异。”）”可推知，该动物园把Kurt的出生看作一个里程碑，是因为它可能有助于恢复基因变异。故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据文章第六段“Althugh nly 2 mnths ld Kurt's birth was made pssible in 1980 when cells were taken frm a 5-year-ld male hrse and put in deep freeze at San Dieg's Frzen Z facility.（尽管只有两个月大的库尔特的出生在1980年成为可能，当时从一匹5岁的公马身上提取了细胞，并在圣地亚哥冷冻动物园进行了深度冷冻。）”可推知，用于克隆的细胞已经保存了40多年。故选C。
11．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段““A central belief f the Frzen Z, when it was established by Dr Benirschke, was that it wuld be used fr purpses nt pssible at the time. ” said Oliver Ryder, directr f genetics at San Dieg Z Glbal.（Benirschke博士建立“冰冻动物园”时的一个核心信念是，它将被用于当时不可能的目的。圣地亚哥全球动物园(San Dieg Z Glbal)的遗传学主任奥利弗·莱德(Oliver Ryder)说。）”可推知，冰冻动物园是为了保护目前难以挽救的濒危动物而设立的。故选A。
4.【福建省厦门外国语2021届阶段性检测】
Mre than a third f small twns in Gergia lst ppulatin in the last year alne, highlighting the challenges f reviving rural areas. New census (人口普查) estimates shw that Camilla fell belw 5,000 residents. Sparks fell belw 2,000, and Milan fell t 661 residents fr a lss f 7% f its ppulatin. All three twns are in Suth Gergia.
Many f the yung peple in these cmmunities graduate frm high schl and dn’t cme back. “They g t cllege, whatever, they dn’t cme back,” said David Bridges, head f its Center fr Rural Prsperity and Innvatin in Tiftn.
Meanwhile, Gergia’s cities are grwing, having n prblem drawing peple frm small twns and ther cities. Atlanta grew mre than 1% in the past year and is nw nearing the half-millin-resident mark.
The trend f peple mving frm rural t urban areas is hardly a new ne — it’s been ging n wrldwide fr mre than a century. But cntinued ppulatin lsses have raised questins abut whether rural areas can d anything t reverse the tide.
Rural residents can face a number f challenges including access t gd jbs, transprtatin and health care. Manufacturing jbs have dried up in many places, while mdernizatin and new technlgy means fewer peple are needed fr farming. And many peple are deciding t have smaller families than was typical a century ag.
“The lder generatin is dying, the yunger generatin is mving away, and because there are perceived t be fewer business pprtunities, financial pprtunities, etc. It’s very challenging t get inbund ppulatin.” Bridges said.
Demgraphers (人口学家) expect the shift frm rural t urban t cntinue. But there are sme bright spts in rural America still. Jacksn Cunty near Athens was recently named ne f the fastest-grwing cunties in the natin by the Census Bureau. Amazn pened a large fulfillment center there a cuple f years ag. And Yung Harris, near the Gergia-Nrth Carlina brder, has grwn by mre than 80% since 2010.
28．What happened t the small twns mentined in Paragraph 1?
A．Their sizes grew rapidly.B．Their ppulatin declined.
C．They drew mre residents.D．They raised challenges t lcals.
29．Which f the fllwing best explains “reverse the tide” underlined in Paragraph 4?
A．Peple mve frm rural t urban areas.
B．Small twns draw peple frm cities.
C．Rural areas develp their ecnmy quickly.
D．Ppulatin cntinue t grw in urban areas.
30．Why is David Bridges quted?
A．T ffer mre evidence.B．T draw a cnclusin.
C．T shw his cntributin.D．T give part f the reasns.
31．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．Jacksn Cunty is the best twn in the US.
B．Rural twns will keep grwing t larger nes.
C．Others will fllw the lead f these bright spts.
D．There can be measures t help rural twns grw.
【答案】
28．B
29．B
30．D
31．D
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了美国小城镇/农村地区人口流失现象。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Mre than a third f small twns in Gergia lst ppulatin in the last year alne, highlighting the challenges f reviving rural areas.”可知，仅去年一年，乔治亚州就有超过三分之一的小城镇人口流失，突出了振兴农村地区的挑战。由此可知，小城镇出现了人口流失现象，即它们的人口减少了。故选B项。
29．推理判断题。根据第四段“The trend f peple mving frm rural t urban areas is hardly a new ne — it’s been ging n wrldwide fr mre than a century. But cntinued ppulatin lsses have raised questins abut whether rural areas can d anything t reverse the tide.”可知，人口从农村转移到城市地区的趋势在世界范围内已经持续了一个多世纪，这并不是一个新的趋势。但持续的人口流失引发了人们的疑问：农村地区能否采取任何措施扭转这一趋势。由此可知，这一趋势指的是“农村人口转移到城市”这一现象，reverse the tide(扭转这一趋势)意味着在农村人口流失现象的前提下，人们采取措施阻止农村人口流失，去吸引在大城市的人回到农村/小城镇，即人口从城市转移到农村，B项“Small twns draw peple frm cities(小城镇吸引城市的人)”正确。故选B项。
30．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Rural residents can face a number f challenges including access t gd jbs, transprtatin and health care.(农村居民可能面临许多挑战，包括获得好工作、交通和医疗保健)”和倒数第二段““The lder generatin is dying, the yunger generatin is mving away, and because there are perceived t be fewer business pprtunities, financial pprtunities, etc. It’s very challenging t get inbund ppulatin.” Bridges said.(“老一辈人正在死去，年轻一代正在离开，而且因为人们认为商业机会、金融机会等越来越少，所以吸引外来人口非常具有挑战性。” Bridges说)”可知，Bridges的话佐证了农村人口流失和难以吸引外来人口去农村的原因。故选D项。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Demgraphers (人口学家) expect the shift frm rural t urban t cntinue. But there are sme bright spts in rural America still. Jacksn Cunty near Athens was recently named ne f the fastest-grwing cunties in the natin by the Census Bureau. Amazn pened a large fulfillment center there a cuple f years ag. And Yung Harris, near the Gergia-Nrth Carlina brder, has grwn by mre than 80% since 2010.(人口学家预计，从农村到城市的转变将继续。但在美国农村地区仍然有一些亮点。雅典附近的杰克逊县最近被人口普查局评为全国发展最快的县之一。几年前，亚马逊在那里开设了一家大型履行中心。而年轻的哈里斯，靠近乔治亚州和北卡罗来纳州的边界，自2010年以来增长了80%以上)”可知，虽然农村人口流失仍在继续，但有些农村地区的人口增加了。由此可知，一定的措施还是可以帮助农村地区增长人口的，因此可以采取措施帮助农村城镇发展。故选D项。
5.【福建省厦门外国语2021届阶段性检测】
Chinese scientists have created the wrld’s first light-based quantum（量子）cmputer named Jiuzhang. It is a milestne in which a quantum machine can slve a prblem n classical supercmputer can tackle within a reasnable amunt f time.
Experts recgnized the Chinese machine as a “state-f-the-art experiment” Fabi Sciarrin, a quantum physicist at Sapienza University f Rme, tld Science News that his first impressin f the Chinese quantum cmputer was, simply, “ww”. Antn Zeilinger, nted quantum physicist and president f the Austrian Academy f Sciences, said that, fllwing this experiment, he predicts there is a very gd chance that quantum cmputers may be used very bradly smeday.
Quantum cmputers stand ut at running simulatins that are impssible fr cnventinal cmputers. Quantum machines can take cmputatinal shrtcuts when simulating extremely cmplex situatins, while cnventinal cmputers have t frce their way t a slutin, taking significantly mre time in the prcess. Mrever, it can perfrm an extreme calculatin, called Gaussian bsn sampling（高斯玻色取样）, in 200 secnds. The same task wuld take the wrld’s fastest classical supercmputer, Fugaku, arund 600 millin years.
Pan Jianwei, wh is recgnized as China’s tp quantum scientist and ne f the key researchers behind Jiuzhang, said the calculatins they carried ut can nt nly shwcase the machine’s cmputing pwer but als demnstrate ptential practical applicatins in machine learning and quantum chemistry.
“Quantum cmputing has already becme a fierce cmpetitin area amng the United States, Eurpe and ther develped regins,” Pan said, adding that China’s quantum cmputatinal advantage tk abut 7 t 10 years t achieve, since the team first decided t tackle the prblem arund 2013.
Hwever, Pan stressed that the quantum cmputer is a highly specialized machine, and is currently nly prgrammed t d bsn sampling. “It is nt a general-purpse quantum cmputer,” he said. In the near future, scientists may increase Jiuzhang’s pssible utput states—a key indicatr f cmputing pwer—frm 10 t the 30th pwer t 10 t the 40th pwer.
32．What is the Antn Zeilinger’s attitude twards quantum cmputer?
A．Negative.B．Optimistic.
C．Dubtful.D．Satisfied.
33．Hw des the authr supprt his pinin in Paragraph 3 ?
A．By making cntrasts.B．By presenting reasns.
C．By analyzing figures.D．By cnducting experiments.
34．What may be the next main fcus in develping Jiuzhang?
A．Capacity.B．Prgramme.
C．Strage.D．Specializatin.
35．What des the text mainly talk abut?
A．High recgnitin f Chinese experts in the wrld.
B．Fierce cmpetitin in Bsn sampling all ver the wrld.
C．Appearance f the wrld’s first light-based quantum cmputer.
D．Distinctins between quantum cmputer and cnventinal cmputer.
【答案】
32．B
33．A
34．A
35．C
【解析】
本文是一篇新闻报道。中国科学家构建的量子计算原型机“九章”，求解数学算法高斯玻色取样只需200秒，这一突破使我国成为全球第二个实现“量子优越性”的国家。文章介绍了九章的优势，发展前景，以及目前的局限。
32．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Antn Zeilinger, nted quantum physicist and president f the Austrian Academy f Sciences, said that, fllwing this experiment, he predicts there is a very gd chance that quantum cmputers may be used very bradly smeday.”（奥地利科学院院长，著名量子物理学家Antn Zeilinger说，通过这次实验，他预测量子计算机有很大的机会得到广泛的应用）可推知，Antn Zeilinger对量子计算机很乐观。故选B项。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段的“Quantum machines can take cmputatinal shrtcuts when simulating extremely cmplex situatins, while cnventinal cmputers have t frce their way t a slutin, taking significantly mre time in the prcess. Mrever, it can perfrm an extreme calculatin, called Gaussian bsn sampling, in 200 secnds. The same task wuld take the wrld's fastest classical supercmputer, Fugaku, arund 600 millin years.”（在模拟特别复杂的场景时，量子计算机可以采用计算捷径，而传统计算机必须一步步地找解决方案，在过程中花费更多时间。此外，它可以在200秒内完成一个极端的计算，即高斯玻色子采样。同样的任务需要世界上最快的传统计算机Fugaku大约6亿年才能完成）可推知，作者主要采用把量子计算即和传统计算机进行对比来支持自己的观点。故选A项。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“In the near future, scientists may increase Jiuzhang's pssible utput states—a key indicatr f cmputing pwer—frm 10 t the 30th pwer t 10 t the 40th pwer.”（在不久的将来，科学家会增加九章潜在的输出态——这是计算机能力的一个关键的指标——从10的30次方到10的40次方）可推知，科学家下一步的发展重点是量子计算的潜在输出态，即它的容量。故选A项。
35．主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段的“Chinese scientists have created the wrld's first light-based quantum （量子）cmputer named Jiuzhang. It is a milestne in which a quantum machine can slve a prblem n classical supercmputer can tackle within a reasnable amunt f time.”（中国科学家构建了世界上首台光量子计算机“九章”。这是一个里程碑，量子计算机可以解决传统计算机无法在合理的时间内解决的问题）可知，本文主要讲述了第一台光量子计算机的问世。故选C项。
6.【河北省邯郸市2021届高三模拟】
Thanks t a prgram called Hunger： Nt Impssible (HNI), hungry peple culd have access t fresh, healthy fd in their neighbrhd by texting ne simple wrd: Hungry. On ne hand. peple in charge f the prgram learn that each year 42 millin Americans g hungry including 15. 9 millin children. On the ther hand, grcery stres, restaurants, and fd prviders thrw ut 60 millin tns f unused fd. HNI had a slutin—cnnectivity.
HNI started fundraising and develping partnerships. Then they make plans with rganizatins and charities t help lcate peple wh suffer frm fd insecurity. And they reached ut t technical experts at Salesfrce wh develped an easy-t-use text-driven platfrm using a chat bx. With all the elements in place, a simple text started the gdwill rlling.
When a needy persn types in “Hungry” and sends the text message t HNI. they receive a message, back shwing the clsest lcatins that are ffering free fd. They als get a text displaying different menu ptins. They simply select a restaurant, chse the meal, then heads t the takeut cunter where they pick up their free meal alngside paying custmers. N questins are asked and dignity is preserved. The pilt prject began in Venice Beach, Califrnia, prviding ver 250 meals t mre than 50 yuth in three weeks. HNI then grew t Bentnville. Arkansas, Klamath Falls Oregn? and St; Luis. Missuri.
"Prviding fd is the first step in transfrming lives fr the best. ” Michelle DiBattiste, peratins and vlunteer manager at Safe Place fr Yuth said in the press release, "By satisfying that initial survived instinct f finding fd. Hunger： Nt Impssible prvides necessary space fr persnal grwth, self-realizatin and finding stability. If there were less hungry peple in the wrld, the crime rate wuld be reduced? there wuld be fewer hmeless peple, and the cst f healthcare wuld cut dwn. ”
28．What des HNI d t help hungry peple?
A．Make a link between hungry peple and fd prviders.
B．Offer hungry peple fresh and healthy fd.
C．Ask sme restaurants t dnate mney.
D．Text a message t a grcery stre.
29．What des the underlined wrd “elements” refer t in paragraph 2?
A．Fund, restaurants, technical experts and the number f hungry peple.
B．Text messages, lcatin f the stres, menu ptins and the takeut cunter.
C．The pilt prject, peple suffering frm fd insecurity, a chat bx and plans.
D．Fund, partnership, lcating hungry peple, and an easy-t-use text-driven platfrm.
30．What can we infer frm what Michelle DiBattiste said?
A．Hungry peple will live a better life.
B．HNI is gd at helping hungry peple.
C．HNI is gd fr the peple and sciety.
D．Persnal grwth is extremely imprtant.
31．What can be the best title fr the text?
A．A Prgramme Cnnects Hungry Peple with Fd
B．Feeding the Needy Is Necessary fr Scial Stability
C．A Simple Wrd Helps Peple in Need f Fd
D．Hungry Peple Are Grateful t Restaurants
【答案】
28．A
29．D
30．C
31．A
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。面对人们的饥饱问题，和一些餐馆的浪费现象，一种新的项目HNI提出了新的解决方法，把饥饿人群和食物联系起来。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句话“HNI had a slutin—cnnectivity.，”可知，HNI提出了解决办法—“cnnectivity”，即把饥饿人群和餐馆或者提供食物的地方结合起来。故选A。
29．词义猜测题。根据第二段划线词前的描述“HNI started fundraising and develping partnerships. Then they make plans with rganizatins and charities t help lcate peple wh suffer frm fd insecurity. And they reached ut t technical experts at Salesfrce wh develped an easy-t-use text-driven platfrm using a chat bx. （HNI开始筹集资金并发展伙伴关系。然后他们与组织和慈善机构一起制定计划，帮助寻找那些遭受食品不安全之苦的人。他们联系了Salesfrce的技术专家，后者利用聊天框开发了一个易于使用的文本驱动平台。）”可知，HNI需要有资金的支持，有合作伙伴，知道如何定位人群，如何利用平台收发信息等，所以此处的“elements”指代前文的“Fund, partnership, lcating hungry peple, and an easy-t-use text-driven platfrm.（资金，合作人，定位饥饿的人，以及一个易于使用的文本驱动平台。）故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据Michelle DiBattiste 所说的“If there were less hungry peple in the wrld, the crime rate wuld be reduced, there wuld be fewer hmeless peple, and the cst f healthcare wuld cut dwn（如果世界上挨饿的人少一些，犯罪率就会降低，无家可归的人就会少一些，医疗费用就会降低）”可知，这个计划将使很多饥饿的人满足基本需求，这样一来就会降低犯罪率，同时减少医疗保健费用。显然这个计划对个人和社会都有好处。故选C。
31．主旨大意题。阅读文章，并根据第一段“Thanks t a prgram called Hunger： Nt Impssible (HNI), hungry peple culd have access t fresh, healthy fd in their neighbrhd by texting ne simple wrd: Hungry. On ne hand. peple in charge f the prgram learn that each year 42 millin Americans g hungry including 15. 9 millin children. On the ther hand, grcery stres, restaurants, and fd prviders thrw ut 60 millin tns f unused fd. HNI had a slutin—cnnectivity. 多亏了一个名为“饥饿:并非不可能”(Hunger: Nt Impssible, HNI)的项目，饥饿的人们可以通过发短信一个简单的词:饥饿，就能在他们的社区获得新鲜、健康的食物。一方面。负责这个项目的人了解到，每年有4200万美国人挨饿，其中包括159万名儿童。另一方面，杂货店、餐馆和食品供应商会扔掉6000万吨未吃的食物。HNI有一个解决方案——把他们联系起来。)”可知，短文的最佳标题为“一个项目将饥饿的人们与食物联系起来”。故选A。
7.【湖北重点中学2021届高三联合检测】
A deadly virus is spreading frm state t state and has infected 26 millin Americans s far, killing at least 14,000 peple this seasn alne. It’s nt a new pandemic (传染病) – it’s influenza.
The 2019-2020 flu seasn, which began September 29, is prjected t be ne f the wrst in a decade, accrding t the Natinal Institute f Allergy and Infectius Diseases. At least 250,000 peple have been hspitalized with symptms frm the flu, and that number is predicted t climb as flu activity spreads quickly.
Dr. Nathan Chmil, an assistant prfessr at University f Minnesta Medical Schl, said that the cmmnness f the flu ften underplays its severity, but peple shuld take it seriusly.
The flu becmes dangerus when secndary infectins emerge, the result f an already weakened immune system. Bacterial and viral infectins wrsen the flu’s symptms. Peple with chrnic illnesses are als at a heightened risk fr flu cmplicatins.
Thse cmplicatins include pneumnia(肺炎), inflammatin in the heart and brain and rgan failure – which, in sme cases, can be deadly.
Influenza is tricky because the virus changes every year. Smetimes, the dminant strain in a flu seasn will be mre virulent than in previus years, which can impact the number f peple infected and the severity f their symptms.
Mst f these changes in the virus are small and insignificant, a prcess called antigenic drift. That year’s flu vaccine is mstly effective in prtecting patients in spite f these small changes.
Occasinally, the flu underges a rare antigenic shift, which results when a cmpletely new strain f virus emerges that human bdies haven’t experienced befre.
This flu seasn, there’s n sign f antigenic shift, the mst extreme change. But it’s happened befre, mst recently in 2009 with the H1N1 virus. It became a pandemic because peple had n immunity against it, the CDC reprted.
28．What d the numbers indicate in the first tw paragraphs?
A．The flu is rather serius.B．The flu is quite cmmn.
C．The flu is easy t cntrl.D．The flu seasn lasts lng.
29．When des the flu becme dangerus?
A．There appear new symptms f flu wing t antigenic shift.
B．The number f patients becmes large with the virus spreading.
C．Relative infectins turn up because f the weaker immune system.
D．The virus changes its frm with n immunity against it.
30．The underlined wrd “virulent” in paragraph 6 means ___________.
A．changeableB．deadlyC．peacefulD．different
31．Why is the H1N1 virus in 2009 referred t in the last paragraph?
A．T warn peple that the antigenic shift is impssible.
B．T infrm peple that the virus can be cured.
C．T shw peple that the vaccine is effective.
D．T remind peple that the virus can be changed.
【答案】
28．A
29．C
30．B
31．D
【解析】
本文是新闻报道，主要介绍了流感在美国的影响。
28．推理判断题。根据文章第一句“A deadly virus is spreading frm state t state”（ 一种致命病毒正从一个州传播到另一个州。）可知致命病毒在美国肆虐，各种数字统计表明其严重程度，故选A项。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段第一句话“The flu becmes dangerus when secndary infectins emerge, the result f an already weakened immune system” （当继发感染出现时，流感就变得很危险，继发感染是免疫系统已经减弱的结果。）可知，由于免疫功能下降而出现二次感染时，流感将会变得相当危险，故选C项。
30．词义猜测题。根据第六段第一句话“Influenza is tricky（流感是危险的）”可知，本段描述流感的危险性；下文which引导的非限制性定语从句又跟进解释了感染人群数目的增多和症状的严重性，由此推知virulent的意思是“严重的”。故选B项。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“This flu seasn, there’s n sign f antigenic shift, the mst extreme change.” （这个流感季节，没有抗原变化的迹象，最极端的变化。）可知，虽然本次还未出现抗基因变化，但是在2009年曾出现过，作为例证提醒人们类似状况的出现，故选D项。
8.【江苏省苏州中学2021届高三调研】
The Cambridge Science Festival Curisity Challenge
Dare t Take the Curisity Challenge!
The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased t infrm yu f the sixth annual Curisity Challenge. The challenge invites , even dares schl students between the ages f 5 and 14 t create artwrk r a piece f writing that shws their curisity hw it inspires them t explre their wrld.
Students are being dared t draw a picture, write an article, take a pht r write a pem that shws what they are curius abut. T enter the challenge, all artwrk r pieces f writing shuld be sent t the Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue,
Students wh enter the Curisity Challenge and are selected as winners will be hnr at a special ceremny during the CSF n Sunday, April 21st. Guest speakers will als present prizes t the students. Winning entries will be published in a bk. Student entries will exhibited and prizes will be given. Families f thse wh take part will be included in celebratin and brunch will be served.
Between March 10th and March 15h, each winner will be given the specifics f the clsing ceremny and the Curisity Challenge celebratin. The prgram guidelines and ther related infrmatin are available at :http cambridgesciencefestival.rg.
1．Wh can take part in the Curisity Challenge?
A．Cambridge lcals.B．Schl students.
C．CSF winners.D．MIT artists.
2．When will the prize-giving ceremny be held?
A．On February 8th.B．On March 10th.
C．On March 15thD．On April 21st.
3．What type f writing is this text?
A．An exhibitin guide.B．An art shw review.
C．An annuncement.D．An fficial reprt.
【答案】
1．A
2．D
3．C
【解析】
本文为应用文，题材为新闻广告类。本文介绍了剑桥科学节即将举办的一项鼓励学生们参加的好奇心挑战活动。叙述了第六届剑桥科技节的通知，通知要求5至14岁的学生可以报名参加，参赛作品可以是一张画、一篇文章、一张照片或一首诗，作品能够鼓励人们探险世界。将在剑桥科技节4月21日给优秀作品颁奖。
1．细节理解题。谁能够参加好奇心的挑战？根据“The challenge invites , even dares schl students between the ages f 5 and 14 t create artwrk r a piece f writing that shws their curisity hw it inspires them t explre their wrld.” 这个挑战甚至鼓励5到14岁的学生创作艺术品或作品来表达他们的好奇心，以激发他们探索自己的世界。可知是5—14岁的学生可以参加比赛。故选A。
2．细节理解题。颁奖仪式什么时间举行？根据“Students wh enter the Cambridge Challenge and are selected as winners will be hnred at a special ceremny during the CSF n Sunday, April 21st.” 参加剑桥挑战赛并被选中的学生将在4月21日(周日)的CSF特别典礼上获得荣誉。可知颁奖仪式在4月21日星期天举行，故选D。
3．推理判断题。这篇是属于什么体裁的文章？根据短文的内容及“The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased t infrm yu f the sixth annual Curisity Challenge. ” 剑桥科学节(CSF)很高兴地告诉您第六届年度好奇挑战赛的信息。由此判断出，这是一个通知。故选C。
9.【重庆市第一中学2021届高三模拟】
Chinese athletes were highlighted by a series f inspiratinal wins in the Internatinal Ski Federatin’s Wrld Cup circuit recently. China’s Gu Ailing, a Chinese freestyle talent, made histry by becming the first ever back-t-back freeski Wrld Cup winner in tw different events at the same venue after claiming the slpestyle title in Calgary, Canada, n Feb.15, 2020. The day befre, Gu had strmed t her first Cup gld in the halfpipe cmpetitin.
Gu again thrilled the crwds n Feb.15 in the slpestyle with anther impressive display f technical riding, landing a string f difficult tricks, including a massive right 900° twist with a tail grab in her secnd run that earned her 89.18 pints t dminate the 18-strng field.
“Hnestly, my mind is blwn,” Gu tld the FIS website after the cmpetitin. “Cming in I didn’t have any expectatins. I try nt t take anything fr granted. Hnestly, I culd nt have expected tw wins frm these events.”
“I really just came in trying t d my best and ski the way I knew I culd. Skiing my best is really the best part f this, and being rewarded fr it just makes it even better.”
Brn t a Chinese mther and an American father in San Francisc, US, Gu, better knwn as Eileen in the States, cmpleted a naturalizatin prcess last June t represent China in internatinal cmpetitins.
Nw she has her sights set n ding her mther’s hme cuntry prud at the 2022 Beijing Games.
A talented skier wh has wn many natinal junir titles in the US, Gu became a hit last mnth after winning tw glds and a silver — in halfpipe, Big Air and slpestyle — at her first appearance in Winter Yuth Olympics in Lausanne, Switzerland.
With Gu nw n bard in freeski, China’s snw sprts team, which als features wrld-class aerial skiers and halfpipe snwbarders, is determined t challenge Western dminance n the snw in 2022.
4．Hw did Gu Ailing created histry in her career?
A．She wn tw gld medals in the Wrld Cup.
B．She shwed her talent in skiing perfrmance.
C．She displayed an impressive technical riding.
D．She made a massive right 900° twist twice.
5．What mainly made Gu perfrm well in the match?
A．Her pwerful determinatin.B．Her parents’ psitive supprt.
C．Her deep lve fr cmpetitin.D．Her relaxing and careful mind.
6．Where was Gu brn?
A．In China.B．In America.
C．In Canada.D．In Switzerland.
7．When did Gu becme knwn in sprts?
A．On Feb.15, 2020.B．On Feb.14, 2020.
C．In January 2020.D．In June 2019.
【答案】
4．A
5．D
6．B
7．C
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国自由式滑雪天才谷爱凌于2020年2月15日在加拿大卡尔加里夺得自由式滑雪冠军的事情并简单介绍了谷爱凌的职业生涯。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“China’s Gu Ailing, a Chinese freestyle talent, made histry by becming the first ever back-t-back freeski Wrld Cup winner in tw different events at the same venue after claiming the slpestyle title in Calgary, Canada, n Feb.15, 2020.”（中国自由式滑雪天才谷爱凌于2020年2月15日在加拿大卡尔加里夺得自由式滑雪冠军，成为有史以来第一位在同一场地两个不同项目连续获得自由式滑雪世界杯冠军的选手。）可知，谷爱凌是有史以来第一位在同一场地两个不同项目连续获得自由式滑雪世界杯冠军的选手。由此可知，谷爱凌是通过在世界杯上获得两枚金牌创造了自己职业生涯中的历史。故选A项。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“Cming in I didn’t have any expectatins. I try nt t take anything fr granted. Hnestly, I culd nt have expected tw wins frm these events.”（进入赛场时我没有任何期望。我尽量不想当然。老实说，我没想到在这些赛事中会赢两场。）和第四段内容“I really just came in trying t d my best and ski the way I knew I culd. Skiing my best is really the best part f this, and being rewarded fr it just makes it even better.”（我只是想尽我最大的努力，以我所知道的方式滑雪。滑雪是我最擅长的的部分，而得到奖励只会让它变得更好。）可知，谷爱凌在比赛中思想上是放松的，只是尽最大努力滑雪，而把得到奖励当作是对自己的鼓励。由此可推断出，是谷爱凌放松而细心的头脑让她在比赛中表现出色。故选D项。
6．细节理解题。根据第五段关键句“Brn t a Chinese mther and an American father in San Francisc, US”（出生于美国旧金山的一位中国母亲和一位美国父亲的家庭）可知，谷爱凌是在美国旧金山出生的，由此可知，她是在美国出生的。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容“A talented skier wh has wn many natinal junir titles in the US, Gu became a hit last mnth after winning tw glds and a silver — in halfpipe, Big Air and slpestyle — at her first appearance in Winter Yuth Olympics in Lausanne, Switzerland.”（作为一名天才滑雪者，她在美国赢得了许多全国青少年滑雪冠军。上个月，她在瑞士洛桑冬奥会上首次亮相，获得了两枚金牌和一枚银牌，分别是滑雪U池、大跳台滑雪和自由式滑雪，在这之后，她成为了热门。）可知，谷爱凌是在上个月的比赛中获得两金一银后，成为热门的，本篇文章为新闻报道，报道的是谷爱凌于2020年2月15日在加拿大卡尔加里夺得自由式滑雪冠军的事情，由此可推断出，文中的上个月指的是2020年1月，也就是说，谷爱凌是在2020年1月在体育界出名的。故选C项。
10.【湖南省2021届高三联考】
Fr the first time, a wman captain led Britain’s Changing f the Guard ceremny at Buckingham Palace. Canadian fficer Megan Cut made histry n June 26 by cmmanding the trps guarding Queen Elizabeth's Lndn hme. Cut, 24, led her Canadian unit in the ceremny, which is witnessed by thusands f visitrs t Lndn each year. Her unit is the Secnd Battalin, Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry （步兵），als knwn as The Patricia's".
The British Army said Cut was the first ever female infantry fficer t lead the ceremny. “We lk frward t seeing a British Army female infantry captain f the queen's guard when rles are pened up t wmen by the end f next year,“ a statement read.
Wmen were barred frm serving in the British infantry and ther fighting rles until the military changed the rule last year.
Canadian Captain Megan Cut made histry by becming the first female Captain f the Queen's Guard as she tk part in the Changing the Guard ceremny at Buckingham Palace in Lndn, Mnday, June 26. The Canadian unit was invited t Britain t mark Canada's upcming 150th anniversary. Canada Day is celebrated n July 1.
Canada was established n July 1, 1867, when Britain apprved the British Nrth America Act. The act established the Canadian Cnfederatin ut f three British clnies(殖民地). Canada, alng with several ther natins, still belngs t the British Cmmnwealth(英联邦). Queen Elizabeth still serves as the cuntry's fficial head f state.
Many celebratins will be held thrughut Canada t mark the cuntry's 150th birthday. Amng the activities will be parades, musical and cultural perfrmances and firewrks. Britain's Prince Charles and his wife Camilla are t spend three days visiting Canada t mark the anniversary. In Britain, peple plan t gather in Lndn's Trafalgar Square t take part in a celebratin fr Canada Day. The event will feature musical perfrmances, Canadian fd, sprts and ther activities. It is predicted that there will be thusands f freign visitrs cming t enjy the event.
24．What is special abut the Changing f the Guard ceremny this time?
A．It didn't include Britain sldiers.B．It was cmmanded by a female.
C．It was led by a British fficer.D．It was held in Canada.
25．Why did the Canadian sldiers cme t Britain?
A．T hnur the British queen.B．T guide the British queen.
C．T attract freign visitrs.D．T celebrate Canada Day.
26．What was Canada like befre it was established?
A．It was part f Britain.
B．It was the same as it is tday.
C．It belnged t the USA．D．It was ut f the British Cmmnwealth.
27．What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A．Delicius fd n Canada Day.B．Celebratins t be held in Canada.
C．Freign visitrs t enjy the event.D．Activities t be held fr Canada Day.
【答案】
24．B
25．D
26．A
27．D
【解析】本篇是一篇新闻报道。一位加拿大女军官首次成为英国的卫兵换岗仪式的指挥官，她是该仪式的首位女性指挥官。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Fr the first time, a wman captain led Britain’s Changing f the Guard ceremny at Buckingham Palace.(这是英国第一次由一名女上尉领导在白金汉宫举行的卫兵换岗仪式。)”可知，这次卫兵换岗仪式的特别之处在于女性第一次当指挥官。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“The Canadian unit was invited t Britain t mark Canada's upcming 150th anniversary.(加拿大部队应邀前往英国庆祝加拿大即将到来的150周年纪念日。)”可知，加拿大士兵来到英国是为了庆祝加拿大国庆日。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“The act established the Canadian Cnfederatin ut f three British clnies (该法案建立了由三个英国殖民地组成的加拿大联邦)”可知，加拿大在建立之前，还是英国的殖民地。故选A。
27．主旨大意题。根据本段第一句“Many celebratins will be held thrughut Canada t mark the cuntry's 150th birthday.(加拿大各地将举行许多庆祝活动来庆祝国家的150岁生日。)”和本段的内容可知，本段谈论了加拿大国庆日期间，分别在英国和加拿大举行的各种活动。故选D。
相关试卷
新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题一9-阅读之议论文（2份打包，原卷版+解析版）： 这是一份新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题一9-阅读之议论文（2份打包，原卷版+解析版），文件包含新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题19-阅读之议论文原卷版doc、新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题19-阅读之议论文解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共43页， 欢迎下载使用。
新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题一7-阅读之记叙文（2份打包，原卷版+解析版）： 这是一份新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题一7-阅读之记叙文（2份打包，原卷版+解析版），文件包含新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题17-阅读之记叙文原卷版doc、新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题17-阅读之记叙文解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共66页， 欢迎下载使用。
新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题一6-阅读之应用文（2份打包，原卷版+解析版）： 这是一份新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题一6-阅读之应用文（2份打包，原卷版+解析版），文件包含新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题16-阅读之应用文原卷版doc、新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题16-阅读之应用文解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共50页， 欢迎下载使用。
