新高考英语一轮复习练习考向10 情态动词(虚拟语气)（2份打包，原卷版+解析版）

这是一份新高考英语一轮复习练习考向10 情态动词(虚拟语气)（2份打包，原卷版+解析版），文件包含新高考英语一轮复习练习考向10情态动词虚拟语气原卷版doc、新高考英语一轮复习练习考向10情态动词虚拟语气解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共48页， 欢迎下载使用。
助动词有be, have, d, will, shall。它们本身没有词义，只和实义动词的一定形式构成复合谓语，用来表示时态和语态，构成否定、疑问及加强语气等。
1、be (am, is, are, were, been)
（1）“be + -ing”构成进行时态；
（2）“be + 过去分词”构成被动语态；
（3）“be + 动词不定式”构成复合谓语：
①表示按计划安排要发生的事。The prime minister is t visit Japan next year. 总理将于明年访问日本。
② 用于命令。Yu're t d yur hmewrk befre yu watch TV.你得做完了作业才能看电视。
2、have (has, had)
(1)“have+过去分词”构成完成时态。如：Have yu seen the film ?
(2)“have been + -ing”构成完成进行时态。如：What have yu been ding these days? 这些日子你一直在干什么?
3、d (des, did)
(1)“d nt + 动词原形”构成行为动词的否定式。如：His brther desn’t like playing basket.；
(2)“D + 主语 + 动词原形”构成行为动词的一般疑问句。Des he g t schl by bike every day?
(3)“d + 动词原形”用于祈使句或陈述句中表示加强语气。如：I did g t see him, but he wasn’t in我确实去看望他了，但他不在家。D d sme wrk. 请一定做点什么；
(4)代替前面刚出现的动词以避免重复。My mther tld me t g t bed early. S I did.
4.will, shall (wuld, shuld)
“will (shall+动词原形”构成一般将来时，一般来说shall用于第一人称，will用于第二人称或第三人称，口语中常用will代替shall，如：We will have a meeting t discuss the prblem.
二、英语中的情态动词
情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，可以表示“可能”、“可以”、“需要”、“必须”或“应当”等之意。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。但不能单独作谓语动词用，必须和不带t的不定式连用构成谓语动词。只有情态动词ught要和带t的动词不定式连用，在句中作谓语用。
将情态动词置于主语之前即构成其疑问式，在情态动词之后加nt既构成其否定式。现将各情态动词的基本用法分述如下：
1、can和culd (culd为can的过去式) 的基本用法
(1)表示能力，如：He can speak English better than yu.
(2)在疑问句和否定句中表示“怀疑”、“猜测”或“可能性”，如：Can this green bike be Liu Dng's?
(3)表示“许可”时can可以和may换用，如：Yu can (may) g hme nw.
(4)如果要表示语气婉转，可用culd代替can，这时culd不再是can的过去式，如：Culd yu cme again tmrrw?
(5)can和be able t都可表示能力，两者在意思上没有什么区别。但是can只能有现在式和过去式，而be able t则有更多的形式，如：He will be able t d the wrk better.
2、may和might (might为may的过去式)的基本用法
(1)表示允许或征询对方许可，有“可以”之意，如：Yu may use my dictinary. 在回答对方说“可以做某事”或“不可以做某事”时，一般多不用may或 may nt，以避免语气生硬或不容气。而用比较婉转的说法进行回答。如：---- May I use this dictinary? ---- Yes, please. 或 ---- Certainly. 在请求对方许可时，如果Might I…? 就比用May I…? 语气更婉转些，如：May I have a lk at yur new cmputer? 但是表示“阻止”或“禁止”对方做某事时，要用must nt代替may nt，如：---- May we swim in this lake? ---- N, yu mustn’t. It’s t dangerus.
(2)may或 might都可以表示可能性，表示“或许”、“可能”之意，如果用might表示可能性，则语气更加不肯定，如：They may (might) be in the library nw .
3、must的基本用法
(1)must表示“必须”、“应该”之意，其否定式 must nt，缩写形式为 mustn't，表示“不应该”，“不准”、“不许可”或“禁止”之意，如：We must study hard and make prgress every day. Yu mustn't tuch the fire.
(2)对以must提出的疑问句，如作否定回答时，要用needn't或用dn't (desn't) have t (不 必)来回答，而不用mustn't，因为mustn't表示的是“禁止”或“不许可”之意，如：---- Must we finish the wrk tmrrw? ---- N, yu needn't (dn't have t), but yu must finish it in three days.
(3)在肯定句中must可以表示推测，表示“一定”或“必定”之意，如：---- Whse new bike can it be? ---- It must be Liu Dng's. I knw his father has just bught him a new ne.
4、can, culd, may, must后接完成式的用法
(1)can, culd后接完成式的用法：
①在否定句或疑问句中表示对过去发生过的事情的“怀疑”或“不肯定”的态度，Culd he have said s?
②在肯定句中，可以表示过去可能做到而实际并没做到的事情，有“劝告”或“责备”的语气。如：---- When did yu answer her letter? ---- Only yesterday. ---- It's t late. Yu culd have answered it earlier, I am sure.
（2）may, might后接完成式的用法
①表示对过去某事的推测，认为某一件事情在过去可能发生了。如果使用might，语气就比较婉转或更加不肯定，如：Mary might have learned sme Chinese befre.
②可以表示过去本来可以做到而实 际没有做到的事情，有“劝告”或“责备”的语气，如：Yu didn't d the wrk well that day. Yu might have dne it better.
(3)must后接完成式的用法：表示对过去某事的推测，认为某事在过去一定做到 了，如：Liu Dng isn’t in the classrm. He must have gne t the library.
5、have t 的基本用法
have t和must的意义相近，只是 must侧重表示说话人的主观看法，而have t 则表示客观需要，如：I must study hard. I had t give it up because f illness.
6、ught t的基本用法
(l)表示根据某种义务或必要“应当”做某事，语气比shuld强，例如：Everyne ught t bey the traffic regulatins.
(2)表示推测，注意与must表示推测时的区别：He must be hme by nw .(断定他已到家)，He ught t be hme by nw .(不十分肯定)，This is where the il must be.(比较直率) ，This is where the il ught t be. (比较含蓄) ；
(3)“ught + have+ 过去分词”表示过去应做某事而 实际未做。例如：Yu ught t have helped him. (but yu didn’t) 这时，ught与 shuld可以互相换用。注意，在美国英语中ught t 用于否定和疑问句时t可以省略。例如：Ought yu smke s much? Yu ughtn’t smke s much.
7、dare的基本用法
(l)dare (dared为其过去式) 作情态动词用时，主要用于否定句，疑问句和条件从句中，如：Dared he bread the traffic regulatins again?
(2)在现代英语中dare常用作行为动词，其变化与一般行为动词相同，如：She dares t stay at hme alne at night.
8、need的基本用法
(1)need作情态动词用时，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，如：He needn't wrry abut us nw.
(2)need也可作为行为动词用，可用于肯定句，否定句和疑问句中，其后可接名词、代词、动名词或带 t 的动词不定式为其宾语。如：Yu need t practise reading alud every day.
(3)needn't后接完成式可以表示过去做了一件本来不必要做的事情，如：---- Did yu answer the letter yesterday? ---- Yes, I did. ---- But yu needn’t have answered it.
9、shall的基本用法
(1)shall用作情态动词时，用于第二、三人称，表示说活人的意愿，可表示“命令”、“警告”、“强制”、“威胁”或“允诺”等意，如：He shall g first, whether he wants t r nt.
(2)在疑问句中，shall用于第一、三人称，表示说话人的征询对方意见或请求指示，如：Shall I pen the dr?
10、shuld的基本用法
(1)shuld作为情态动词可以表示“建议”或“劝告”，有“应该”之意，如：Yu shuld learn frm each ther.
(2)shuld后接完成式表示过去没有做到本来应该做的事情，或是做了本来不应该做的事情。如：Yu shuld have give him mre help.
11、will的基本用法
(1)用于各人称，可以表示“意志”或“决心”，如：I have tld him again and again t stp smking, but he will nt listen.
(2)在疑问句中用于第二人称，表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问对方的意愿，如：Will yu please tell me hw t get t the Capital Gymnasium?
(3)will可以表示一种习惯性的动作，有“总是”或“会要”之意，如：Every mrning he will have a walk alng this river.
12、wuld的基本用法
(1)wuld作为will的过去式，可用于各人称，表示过去时间的“意志”或“决心”，如：He prmised he wuld never smke again.
(2)在疑问句中，用于第二人称，表示说话人向对方提出请求或许问对方的意愿时，比用will的气更加婉转，如：Wuld yu like sme mre cffee?
(3)在日常生活中，学用“I wuld like t…”表示“我想要”或“我愿意”之意，以使语气婉转，如：I wuld like t d Ex.2 first.
(4)wuld可以表示过去的习惯动作，比used t正式，并没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。如：Last year ur English teacher wuld smetimes tell us stries in English after class. / During the vacatin he wuld visit me every week.
(5)表料想或猜想，如：It wuld be abut ten when he left hme./ What wuld she be ding there?/ I thught he wuld have tld yu abut it.
13、used t, had better, wuld rather的用法
(1)used t表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在已不存在，在间接引语中，其形式可不变，例如：He tld us he used t play ft ball when he was yung.
在疑问句、否定句、否定疑问句或强调句中，可有两种形式。
疑问句：Did yu use t/ Used yu t g t the same schl as yur brther?
否定句：I usedn’t t / didn’t use t g there. (usedn’t 也可写作usen’t)；
否定疑问句：Usen’t yu t/ Didn’t yu use t be interested in the theatre?
强调句：I certainly used t/ did use t smke, but it was a lng time ag.；
其反意疑问句或简略回答中，也有两种形式：She used t be very fat. didn’t she?/ use(d)n’t she? Did yu use t play chess? Yes, I did./ Used yu t get up early in the mrning? Yes, I did./ used t.
(2)had better意为“最好”，后接不带t的不定式，例如：
---- We had better g nw .
---- Yes, we had (we'd better/ we had better)./ Hadn’t we better stp nw? (Had we better nt stp nw?)/ I think I’d better be ging. (用于进行时态，表“最好立即”)/ Yu had better have dne that (用于完成时态，表未完成动作)
注：had better用于同辈或小辈，对长辈不可用。
(3)wuld rather意为“宁愿”，表选择，后接不带t的不定式，例如：I’d rather nt say anything./ Wuld yu rather wrk n a farm?/
---- Wuldn’t yu rather stay here?
---- N, I wuld nt. I’d rather g there.
由于wuld rather表选择，因 而后可接than，例如：I wuld rather wrk n a farm than in a factry. / I wuld rather watch TV than g t see the film/ I wuld rather lse a dzen cherry trees than that yu shuld tell me ne lie./ I’d rather yu didn’t talk abut this t anyne. (句中的 'd rather不是情态动词，wuld 在此是表愿望的实义动词)
【典例示例】
1.There’s n light n—theybe at hme.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.shuldn’t
【答案】A
【解析】句意为：（家中）没有亮灯, ——他们肯定不在家。此处要用情态动词表推测, 且用于否定句表示 “肯定不……”, 故can’t符合要求。must表推测时不用于否定句, mustn’t表示 “禁止, 不许”；needn’t表示 “不需要”；shuldn’t表示 “不应当”, 故A项符合要求。
2.We hpe that as many peple as pssible jin us fr the picnic tmrrw.
A.need B.must C.shuldD.can
【答案】D
【解析】句意为：我们希望尽可能多的人能参加我们明天的野餐。用can.表示可能性。
3.— What’s the name?
— Khulaifi.I spell that fr yu?
ShallB.WuldC.CanD.Might
【答案】A
【解析】shall在问句中征求对方意见, 主要用于第一人称。答语句意为： “我给你拼写一下好吗？”
4.Wehave prved great adventurers, but we have dne the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.
A.needn’tB.may ntC.shuldn’tD.mustn’t
【答案】B
【解析】句意为：我们或许还没有证明是伟大的探险者, 但我们已取得了在过去的10年里的最伟大的进展。故应用may nt。
5.— Culd I have a wrd with yu, mum?
— Oh dear, if yu.
can B.must C.may D.shuld
【答案】B
【解析】句意为：妈妈, 我可以和你说句话吗？” “噢, 亲爱的, 如果你非要说的话。”must表示必须要做的事。
6.If it were nt fr the fact that shesing, I wuld invite her t the party.
A.culdn’tB.shuldn’tC.can’tD.might nt
【答案】C
【解析】题中that引导同位语从句。 “she can’t sing”是一个事实, 是指在能力、技能等方面不能、不会。
7.Sme aspects f a pilt’s jbbe bring, and pilts ften wrk at incnvenient hurs.
A.can;have tB.may;canC.have t;mayD.ught t;must
【答案】A
【解析】句意为：飞行员工作的某些方面可能是令人厌倦的, 并且飞行员经常在不方便的时候工作。第一空表示的是客观的可能性, 应用can；而第二空说在不方便的时候还要干, 因此表示客观上的必须, 用have t, 意为 “不得不”。
8.fired, yur health care and ther benefits will nt be immediately cut ff.
A.Wuld yu beB.Shuld yu beC.Culd yu beD.Might yu be
【答案】B
【解析】句意为：如果你被炒了, 你的医疗保险和其他利益并不会立即取消。与将来事实相反的假设, 从句用答案B项。
9.— May I smke here?
— If yu, chse a seat in the smking sectin.
shuld B.culd C.mayD.must
【答案】D
【解析】由本题语境可知, 空白处应表示 “非得……”之意, 故须用must。
10.The weather turned ut t be fine yesterday. I the truble t carry my umbrella with me.
A.shuld have takenB.culd have taken
C.needn’t have takenD.mustn’t have taken
【答案】C
【解析】句意为:昨天天气不错, 我本没有必要不怕费事带把伞。culd have dne表示 “本能够做而未做”；shuld have dne表示 “本应该做而未做”；mustn’t表示 “禁止, 不许”；needn’t have dne表示 “本不必做而做了”。take the truble t d sth.表示 “不怕费事或困难尽力做某事”。
考向二 虚拟语气
一、语气的定义和种类
l、语气：语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
2、语气的种类：
(1)陈述语气: 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如：We are nt ready. 我们没准备好。What a fine day it is!多好的天气啊!
(2)祈使语气: 表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。如: Open the dr, please。请打开门。
(3)虚拟语气: 表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如: If I were yu, I shuld study English. 如果我是你，我就学英语了。May yu succeed! 祝您成功！
二、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法
条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件何。在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。如: If it desn’t rain tmrrw, we will g t the park. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。
如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如: If he had seen yu yesterday, he wuld have asked yu abut it. 如果他昨天见到你，他会问你这件事的。(事实上他昨天没见到你，因此也未能问你这件事。)
在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。现将虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下:
注: 主句中的shuld只用于I、we，但在美国英语中，shuld常被wuld代替；从句中的shuld 可用于各种人称。
l、表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果。如: If my brther were here, everything wuld be all right. 要是我哥哥在这儿 ，一切都没问题了。
2、表示与过去事实相反的假设和结果。如: If yu had taken my advice，yu wuldn't (culdn’t) have failed in the exam. 如果你按照我的建议去做，你一定不会(不可能)考试不及格。
3、表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果。如: If it were Sunday tmrrw, I shuld (wuld，culd，might) g t see my grandmther. 如果明天是星期天，我就 (可能)去看望我奶 奶。If it were t snw this evening, they wuld nt g ut. 如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。
4、有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致（表示错综时间的虚拟语气），这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。例如: If yu had listened t the dctr, yu wuld be all right nw. 如果你当初听了医生的话，身体现在就好了。(从句动作指过去，主句动作指现在)
5、虚拟条件句可以转换成下列形式：
(l)省略连词if。在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had 或 shuld，可以把if省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。例如: Shuld he cme (If he shuld cme), tell him t ring me up. 他要是来了，让他给我打个电话。Were I yu (If I were yu), I wuld nt d it. 我要是你，就不做这事。
(2)用介词短语代替条件状语从句。有时假设的情况并不用条件从句表示出来，而是通过介词短语来表示。如: Withut air (If there were nt air), there wuld be n living things. 如果没有空气的话，就不会有生物了。But fr yur help (If it hadn’t been fr yur help) I culdn’t have dne it. 要是没有你的帮助，我就不可能完成这件事。
假设的情况有时可以通过上下文或其他方式表现出来。如: I was busy that day. Otherwise I wuld have gne there with them. (If I hadn’t been busy that day, I wuld have gne there with them.) 我那天很忙，否则，我就和他们一起去那儿了。(如果我那天不忙的话，我就……)；I wuld have finished the wrk, but I have been ill. (If I hadn’t been ill, I wuld have finished the wrk.) 我本来该完成这项工作的，但我生病了。(如果我没生病的话，我就会完成……)
6、省去条件从句或主句：表示虚拟语气的主句或从句有时可以省略，但其含义仍可以推知。
(1)省去条件从句。如: Yu culd have washed yur clthes yurself. 你本可以自已洗衣服的。省去了"If yu had wanted t")(事实是:你自己没洗衣服，因为你不想洗。)
(2)省去主句(常用以表示愿望)。如: If my grandmther were with me! 如果我的祖母与我在一起多好啊!(事实是:祖母已不在世。)；If nly she had nt left! 如果她没走就好了!(事实是:她已经走了。)
三、虚拟语气的其他用法
l、虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法：在"It is imprtant (strange，natural，necessary)that…"这类句型里，that所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用 “shuld十动词原形”结构，表示某事是"重要"、"奇怪"、"自然"、"必要"等意义。如: It is imprtant that every member (shuld) infrm himself f these rules. 重要的是每个成员知道这些规则。
2、虚拟语气在宾语从句中用法：
(1)在动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主观愿望，从句通常省略连词that。1)表示对现在情况的虚拟:从句动词用过去式或过去进行式(be动词一般用were)。如: I wish I knew the answer t the questin. 我希望知道这个问题的答案。(可惜不知道)；2）表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用"had十过去分词"。如: I wish (wished) I hadn’t spent s much mney. 我后悔不该花那么多钱。(实际上已经花掉)；3)表示对将来的主观愿望:谓语动词形式为"wuld十动词原形"。此时要注意，主句的主语与从句的主语不能相同，因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作能否实现，取决于从句主语的态度或意愿(非动物名词除外)。如: I wish it wuld stp raining. 但愿雨能停止；I wish yu wuld cme sn. 但愿你立刻来。
(2)在suggest，demand，rder，prpse，insist，cmmand，request，desire等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“shuld + 动词原形”，表示建议、要求、命令等。如: I demand that he (shuld) answer me immediately. 我要求他立刻答复我。
3、虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法
(1)在带有even if/ even thugh引导的让步状语从句的主从复合句中，主句和从句都用虚拟语气，动词形式与含有非真实条件句的虚拟语气相同。如: Even if he had been ill, he wuld have gne t his ffice. 即使生了病，他俩去办公室。
(2)由as if或as thugh引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时。从句谓语形式为动词的过去式(be用were)或 “had十过去分词”。如: He treated me as if I were a stranger. 他那样对待我，好像我是陌
生人似的。She talked abut the film as if she had really seen it. 她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。
注:如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。
(3)在in rder that或s that引导的目的状语从句中，谓语动词多用 “culd或might（有时也用shuld）+ 动词原形”。如: Mr green spke slwly s that his students culd (might) hear clearly. 格林先生说得很慢，好让学生听清楚。
4、虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法：在"It is time (that) …"句型中，定语从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气表示将来，动词形式一般用过去式，意思是"该干某事的时候了"。如: It’s (high) time we did ur hmewrk. 我们该做作业了。
5、虚拟语气在简单句中的用法
(1)情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌，或委婉的语气，常见于日常会话中。如: It wuld be better fr yu nt t stay up t late. 你最好别太晚睡觉。
(2)在一些习惯表达中。如: I wuld rather nt tell yu. 我宁愿不告诉你。
(3)用“may + 动词原形”表示"祝愿"、"但愿”，此时may须置于句首（多用于正式文体中）。如：May yu be happy!祝你快乐！May gd luck be yurs.祝你顺利。
【典例示例】
1.Eliza remembers everything exactly as if ityesterday.
A.was happeningB.happensC.has happenedD.happened
【答案】D
【解析】as if仿佛, 好像, 其后的从句可出现虚拟语气。句意为：Eliza清楚地记得每一件事, 仿佛它是昨天发生的！句中remembers为一般现在时, 故as if从句中用一般过去时来表示虚拟语气。
2.He did nt regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently.
A. culd express B. wuld express
C. culd have expressed D. must have expressed
【答案】C
【解析】culd have expressed it differently.他要是用另一种方式来说该多好呀。
3.But fr the help f my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Cmpetitin.
A. wuld nt win B. wuld nt have wn C. wuld win D. wuld have wn
【答案】B
【解析】此处虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反, 句子谓语动词用
4.Jack described his father, wh _______a brave by many years ag, as a strng– willed man
A. wuld be B. wuld have been C. must be D. must have been
【答案】D
【解析】句意为 “杰克把他的父亲描述为一个意志坚强的人, 他的父亲多年前肯定很勇敢。”用must have been表示对过去事情的肯定推测。
5.Bb wuld have helped us yesterday, but he_______
A. was busy B. is busy C. had been busy D. will be busy
【答案】A
【解析】前句表示对过去的虚拟, 而but之后表示过去的客观事实, 故用一般过去时态。
6.If he my advice, he wuldn't have lst his jb.
A. fllwed B. shuld fllw C. had fllwed D. wuld fllw
【答案】C
【解析】根据 “wuldn’t have lst”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟, 故选C项。
7.Jhn went t the hspital alne. If he me abut it, I wuld have gne with him.
A. shuld tell B. tells C. tld D. had tld
【答案】D
【解析】句意：约翰独自去了医院。如果他告诉我的话, 我会跟他一起去的。前一句是陈述语气, 说明动发生在过去, 而且后一句的主句已经是wuld have gne说明是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与之对应的从句结构, 应该用had +过去分词。
8.Gerge is ging t talk abut the gegraphy f his cuntry, but I’d rather he_______ mre n its culture.
A. fcus B. fcused C. wuld fcus D. had fcused
【答案】B
【解析】wuld rather后应用虚拟语气, 表示与现在时间相反, 用动词的过去式。
9.If we ___ the ther rad, we might have arrived here in time fr the meeting.
A. take B. had taken C. tk D. have taken
【答案】B
【解析】所填词做虚拟语气中条件状语从句的谓语, 根据主句的谓语动词形式might have arrived可知题干是与过去事实相反, 故所填部分用had+过去分词形式, 选B。
10.Mr. Jhnsn insisted that the prblem wrthy f attentin ________ (讨论) at the meeting. (discuss)
【答案】(shuld) be discussed
【解析】“insist”引导的宾语从句要用虚拟, 从句结构是“shuld”（可省略）加动词原形, 主语“prblem” 是要 “被讨论”。
【检测过关】
1. —Hw’s yur tur arund the East Lake? Is it beautiful?
—It ________ be, but it is nw heavily plluted.
A. willB. wuldC. mustD. shuld
2. I ften felt trubled in my teens and my grandma ________ cmfrt me, saying “Life is like that, dear”.
A. wuldB. mightC. shuldD. must
3. ---He was satisfied with the result, wasn't he?
---N. It was s difficult that he __________have passed it.
A. shuldn'tB. mustn't
C. culdn' tD. wuldn't
4. -- Turn ff the TV, Jack. _______ yur hmewrk nw?
-- Mum, just ten mre minutes, please.
A. Will yu be dingB. Shuld yu be ding
C. Shuldn't yu be dingD. Culdn’t yu be ding
5. he law is equally applied t everyne. N ne _______ be abve it.
A. shallB. must
C. mayD. need
6. — Excuse me, d yu mind if I pen the windw?
— Well, if yu __________. I can put n mre clthes.
A. canB. may
C. mustD. shall
7. The rm is s clean. He ________ have cleaned it yesterday evening.
A. willB. need
C. canD. must
8. The weather turned ut t be fine. I _____________ the truble t carry the umbrella with me.
A. shuld have takenB. must have taken
C. culdn't have takenD. needn't have taken
9. He is a bad-tempered fellw, but he ________ be quite charming when he wishes.
A. shallB. shuld
C. canD. must
10. Frankly speaking, I am nt sure whether I ________ this in the ld days with that kind f equipment, which lks quite dd and ridiculus.
A. shuld have dneB. need have dneC. wuld have dneD. must have dne
11. Ann said whenever her father was unhappy he ________ g ut and buy smething, usually smething large and useless.
A. shuldB. culd
C. wuldD. might
12. It is really cld and the grund is wet; it ________ have rained last night.
A. mightB. must
C. canD. shuld
13. —I have smething imprtant t tell Jhn. But I can’t find him.
—His cell phne is here, s he ________ have gne t far.
A. mustn’tB. needn’t
C. wuldn’tD. can’t
14. —What’s wrng with yu?
—Oh, I am sick. I ________ s much ice cream just nw.
A. shuldn’t eatB. mustn’t eat
C. culdn’t have eatenD. shuldn’t have eaten
15. -- Did Jim cme?
-- I dn’t knw. He _______ while I was ut.
A. might have cmeB. might cme
C. must have cmeD. shuld have cme
16. Keep up yur spirits even if yu _____ fail hundreds f times.
A. mustB. need
C. mayD. shuld
17. —It’s really great t have a cmputer t stre my phts.
—Dn’t cunt n it t much. It ________ break dwn and yu’d better make a cpy f them.
A. mustB. can
C. shuldD. will
18. -- Catherine, I have cleaned the rm fr yu.
---Thanks. Yu _______ it. I culd manage it myself.
A. needn’t dB. shuldn’t have dneC. mustn’t dD. needn’t have dne
19. —What des the sign ver there read？
—“N persn___smke r carry a lighted cigarette,cigar r pipe in this area.”
A. willB. may
C. shallD. must
20. —Srry, Mum! I failed the jb interview again.
—Oh, it's t bad. Yu________ have made full preparatins.
A. mustB. canC. wuldD. shuld
21. I’ve rdered sme pizza, s we _______ wrry abut cking when we get hme tired.
A. can’tB. dare ntC. needn’tD. may nt
22. —Tny _______ what I did annying thugh he didn’t say anything.
—S yu think yu will have t make an aplgy?
A. culd findB. shuld have fund
C. might findD. must have fund
23. Why ________ yu chse t wrk in a remte village schl when yu can wn a respectable jb in a city?
A. needB. shuld
C. mustD. will
24. The sciety can remain gd as lng as we are willing t fight fr it—and t fight against whatever imperfectins ________ exist.
A. shallB. mayC. shuldD. wuld
25. —I can’t think why he ______ s angry. I meant n ffence.
—It’s typical f him t be sensitive.
A. must have beenB. shuld have been
C. might have beenD. can have been
26. Accrding t the schl rule, n child be allwed ut f the schl, unless accmpanied by his r her wn parents.
A. shuldB. must
C. shallD. can
27. .Oh, I’m nt feeling well in the stmach .I s much fried chicken just nw.
A. shuldn’t eatB. mustn’t have eaten
C. shuldn’t have eatenD. mustn’t eat
28. If yu want t imprve yur figure and health, the mst effective thing t d is t shw up at the gym every time yu ________ be there.
A. canB. will
C. mayD. shall
29. Everything is amazing. Thank yu all. We withut yur help.
A. can’t make itB. mustn’t have made
C. wn’t makeD. culdn’ t have made it
30. —Did Max g t the cncert with his family yesterday?
—The reprt scheduled t be handed in tmrrw, he _______ it.
A. culdn’t have attendedB. needn’t have attended
C. wuldn’t attendD. shuldn’t attend
31. —Why didn’t yu call me then?
—Oh, my cell-phne was pwer ff. I ________ yu therwise.
A. wuld callB. had called
C. have calledD. wuld have called
32. —The lecture abut 3D technlgy was very interesting.
—It’s a pity. Hw I wish I ________ time t attend it.
A. hadB. haveC. had hadD. have had
33. Tmmy, it’s abut time yu ________ set ff fr the airprt.
A. mustB. shuldC. canD. may
34. I wuldn’t have missed the train if I ______ up earlier.
A. gtB. had gtC. will getD. have gt
35. If we________ a table in advance, we wuldn't be standing here in the lng queue.
A. reserveB. reserved
C. have reservedD. had reserved
36. They’ve seen many famus schlars in the cnference. Hw I wish I ______ it!
A. have attendedB. will attend
C. wuld attendD. had attended
37. Had Mary nt been hurt in the car accident, ________ the next week’s marathn.
A. she wuld runB. she wuld have run
C. she will runD. she must have run
38. It is required that under n circumstances ________ betray urselves even if there are temptatins like mney r beauty.
A. we canB. will we
C. shuld weD. we shall
39. It’s necessary that nt nly ________ t see a dctr but als have a gd rest.
A. will By gB. Bb will g
C. shuld Bb gD. Bb shuld g
40. I wuldn’t have punched him if it ________ fr the fact that he ________ t aplgize t me yesterday.
A. were nt; refusedB. were nt; had refused
C. had nt been; refusedD. had nt been; had refused
41. But fr their help, we ________ the prgram in time.
A. can nt finishedB. will nt finish
C. had nt finishedD. culd nt have finished
42. He wuld be in better health nw _______ with t much wrk when yung.
A. had he nt burdened himselfB. if he was nt burdened
C. were he nt burdenedD. had he nt been burdened himself
43. Take the medicine right away! ______ it yesterday, yu wuld be quite all right nw.
A. Had yu takenB. Wuld yu take
C. Shuld yu takeD. Were yu t take
44. — Helen,are yu ging I the airprt t pick up Jack the day after tmrrw?
— ________ tmrrw night.I wuld g.
A. Were he t cme backB. If he was abut t cme back
C. Had he cme backD. If he wuld cme back
45. Lily is a gd singer. Hw I wish I ________ as well as her.
A. singB. will sing
C. had sungD. sang
46. If it ________ fr her great help then, I wuld nt study English s well nw.
A. hasn’t beenB. wasn’t
C. hadn’t beenD. isn’t
47. If yu ___________ t my advice carefully, yu wuldn’t have made such a terrible mistake.
A. listenedB. have listened
C. wuld listenD. had listened
48. I didn?t see yur sister at the meeting. If she , she wuld have met my brther.
A. has cmeB. did cme
C. cameD. had cme
49. If the new safety system _______ t use, the accident wuld never have happened.
A. had been putB. were putC. shuld be putD. wuld be put
50. I am srry I am very busy nw. If I time, I wuld certainly g t the mvies with yu.
A. haveB. had
C. have hadD. had had
51. —Did yu pass yur driving test?
—Yes, therwise I ________ t the picnic next mnth.
A. culdn't driveB. culdn't have driven
C. wn't driveD. wuldn't have driven
52. — What happened t the yung trees we planted last week?
— The trees __________ well, but I didn’t water them.
A. might grwB. wuld have grwn
C. needn’t have grwnD. wuld grw
53. —Can't yu drive a little faster?
—N. If I ________ anther speeding ticket, my dad wuld take away my car.
A. wuld getB. wuld have gtC. had gtD. gt
54. The mvie culdn’t be mre bring.I wish I ________ t it.
A. had nt beenB. have nt been
C. did nt gD. have nt gne
55. If yu were t have a few minutes free, I______ the pprtunity t ask yu ne mre questin.
A. wuld appreciateB. wuld have appreciated
C. were t appreciateD. had appreciated
56. Withut ur team’s great effrt, the art exhibitin last week ______ such a great success.
A. wuldn’t beB. wn’t beC. wuldn’t have beenD. wn’t have been
57. It was Jhn wh brke the windw. Why are yu talking t me as if I it?
A. had dneB. have dneC. didD. am ding
58. They advcate the prpsal we were ppsed ______ rediscussed at the next meeting.
A. t beB. shuld beC. t wasD. was
59. It’s high time he _________ the right measures; therwise, he’ll fail.
A. tkB. takeC. takesD. was taden
60. __________him nt t d s, he wuldn’t have made such a serius mistake.
A. Did I persuadeB. If I persuade
C. If I shuld persuadeD. Had I persuaded
从 句
主 句
与现在事实相反
动词的过去式（be的过去式一般用were）
wuld/ shuld/ culd/ might + 动词原形
与过去事实相反
had + 过去分词
wuld/ shuld/ culd/ might + have + 过去分词
与将来事实相反
动词过去式，shuld + 动词原形，were t + 动词原形
wuld/ shuld/ culd/ might + 动词原形