新高考英语一轮复习练习考向63 七选五之主题句 过渡句与细节句的确定策略（2份打包，原卷版+解析版）

这是一份新高考英语一轮复习练习考向63 七选五之主题句 过渡句与细节句的确定策略（2份打包，原卷版+解析版），文件包含新高考英语一轮复习练习考向63七选五之主题句过渡句与细节句的确定策略原卷版doc、新高考英语一轮复习练习考向63七选五之主题句过渡句与细节句的确定策略解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共30页， 欢迎下载使用。

考向1 段首/段尾主题句
【考法再现】
1. 2020·全国卷Ⅰ·片段 体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与自我—完善自我、认识自我
________ D nt fllw the peple wh make yu feel nt­gd­enugh. Why d yu fllw them? Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than theirs? Knw that yur life is yur wn; yu are the nly yu in this wrld.
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where d yu start?
C. Nthing is t small t celebrate.
D. Remember, yu are nly human.
E. Set an intentin fr self­acceptance.
F. Stp cmparing yurself with thers.
G. When des the cmparisn game start?
答案与解析 F 段首主题句。根据下文“D nt fllw the peple wh make yu feel nt­gd­enugh.” 可知，作者告诫我们不要盲目追随那些比我们优越让我们感到不够好的人，即停止盲目攀比，因此该段主题句是“停止与他人攀比”，选项F“Stp cmparing yurself with thers.”可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。
错解分析 本题易错选G。 G项的表述为“攀比游戏什么时候开始”，分析本段内容可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，要认识到自我的重要性和独特性。并没有涉及评论攀比之风何时开始，故G项错误。
2. 体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与社会—良好的人际沟通
Britain, alng with much f Nrthern Eurpe, is classed as a “nn­cntact” culture. “Persnal space” is very imprtant t us. In a frmal cntact we wuld ften greet each ther with a handshake. Infrmally, but less frequently, my British friends and I wuld greet with a hug. (But_hardly_ever_wuld_we_greet_with_a_kiss_n_
the_cheek.) Here in the suth f Italy, and in many different parts f the wrld, peple f bth sexes greet with tw kisses n bth cheeks and use a lt f gestures. ________
A. I just figure ut hw t find the real meaning.
B. But hardly ever wuld we greet with a kiss n the cheek.
C. In fact, ur bdies are saying mre than ur wrds.
D. In ther wrds, little persnal space is left between peple when interacting.
E. Britain, alng with much f Nrthern Eurpe, is classed as a “nn­cntact” culture.
F. Smetimes I find myself nt knwing what gestures t use when expressing myself.
G. If ne persn cannt understand bdy language, he cannt cmmunicate with freigners smthly.
答案与解析 D 段尾主题句。本段的第二层介绍意大利人的问候方式，与上一层的“总分”结构不同，该层是“分总”结构，即先具体介绍意大利人的问候方式：tw kisses, a lt f gestures，然后再总结概括其与英国人完全相反的肢体语言风格。D选项中的“little persnal space is left”与前面所述的问候方式一致，故选择D项。be classed as “被归类为；被看作”。
【策略微点】
设空特点
1. 空格在段首：通常是段落主题句或段落小标题句，认真阅读空格后内容，推断出主题句。
2. 空格在段尾：一般是对上文或全文进行概括总结，得出结论。
【策略图解】 段首/段尾主题句
考向2 段首/段尾过渡句/细节句
【考法再现】
3. 2020·全国卷Ⅲ·片段 体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与社会—风俗
__①__ This is ften appreciated since at a husewarming there isn't a lt f fd served. There are usually n planned activities like games at a husewarming party. The hst r hstess f the party will, hwever, prbably give all the guests a tur f their new hme. Smetimes, because a husewarming party happens shrtly after a persn mves int their new hme, peple may be asked t help unpack bxes. __②__
A. This isn't usual thugh.
B. It is traditinal t bring a gift t a husewarming party.
C. Yu can als bring fd r drinks t share with the ther guests.
D. If yu're lucky enugh t receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It als gives peple a chance t see what the new hme lks like.
F. The best husewarming parties encurage ld friends t get tgether.
G. This was s that the persn culd keep their hme warm fr the winter.
答案与解析 ①C 段首细节句。本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据下文第一句话可知，因为刚搬家，主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动，故选项C“你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享”，符合语境。下一句中的this指代分享食物或饮料。故选C。
②A 段尾过渡句。本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知，在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，选项A“但这并不常见”与上文衔接恰当，故选A。
4. 2019·全国卷Ⅲ·片段 体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与社会—社会交往
Dn't share persnal infrmatin r stries. Prfessrs are nt trained nurses, financial aid experts r yur best friends. If yu are in need f a deadline extensin, simply explain the situatin t the prfessr. ________
A. That's what they are fr.
B. Turn t an nline instructr fr help.
C. If mre infrmatin is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that nline prfessrs get a lt f emails.
E. Belw are sme cmmn d's and dn'ts fr nline learners.
F. Everyne has taken a nt­s­great class at ne time r anther.
G. Ask questins, but make sure they are gd, thughtful questins.
答案与解析 C 段尾细节句。根据空前内容可知，不要过度分享个人信息，当学生们需要延期上交作业时，只需向教授简单地解释一下情况。C项“如果需要知道更多的信息的话，(老师们)会询问你的”中的mre infrmatin与上文中的infrmatin为原词复现，符合语境。
【策略微点】
设空特点
1. 过渡句：在段首或段尾的句子有时承上启下，应注意瞻前顾后，段尾句有时是为了引出下一段的内容。
2. 细节句：段尾句作为细节句时，常是对空前内容的补充，或者与空前内容是并列、递进、转折或因果关系。
【策略图解】 段首/段尾过渡句/细节句
考向3 段中细节句/过渡句
【考法再现】
5. 2020·全国卷Ⅰ·片段 体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与自我—完善自我、认识自我
A Few Tips fr Self­Acceptance
We all want it ... t accept and lve urselves. But at times it seems t difficult and t far ut f reach. ________ Here's a handful f ways that will set yu in the right directin.
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where d yu start?
C. Nthing is t small t celebrate.
D. Remember, yu are nly human.
E. Set an intentin fr self­acceptance.
F. Stp cmparing yurself with thers.
G. When des the cmparisn game start?
答案与解析 B 段中过渡句。根据题目“A Few Tips fr Self­Acceptance”及空后一句“这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法”可知，选项B “Where d yu start? (从哪里开始？)”最符合下文语境，故选B项。
6. 2020·全国卷Ⅱ·片段 体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与社会—社会交往
Emji (表情符号) and Wrkplace Cmmunicatin
In Asia, messaging platfrms are grwing rapidly, with users in the hundreds f millins, bth at wrk and play. ________. It's been reprted that 76 percent f emplyees in sme western cuntries are using emjis at wrk.
A. Messages with emjis feel mre cnversatinal
B. Even a frmal email can seem cld and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces t clleagues may seem strange
D. The ppularity f these platfrms is spreading glbally
E. Giving emplyees the tls enables them t cmmunicate hnestly
F. Studies shw that friendlier cmmunicatin leads t a happier wrkplace
G. An easy way t bring all wrk generatins tgether is with a chat platfrm
答案与解析 D 段中细节句。根据上一句可知，在亚洲，短信通讯平台正在迅速发展，又根据下文可知，在一些西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号，前后句都说明了短信平台的受欢迎程度。选项D“这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延”符合语境。故选D。
【策略微点】
设空特点
段中位置设题一般是段落细节句或过渡句。
【策略图解】 段中细节句/过渡句
【检测训练】
1
Tp uses f smartphnes
Tday apprximately 3.5 billin peple wn smartphnes all ver the wrld. In this article, we explre what we use ur smartphnes fr.
1. Mst websites tday are mbile-friendly, while there are als mbile apps that yu can use t buy everything frm clthes t husehld items and mre. Because it's far easier and mre cnvenient t make a purchase nline, a great percentage f peple rder frm nline sites. In fact, mst users prefer t be able t cmpare and learn abut different items n their phnes. Hence, if anyne is lking t build an nline brand, it is certainly imprtant t develp a mbile-friendly site fr the ultimate nline shpping experience.2. .
Scial Media Usage
Scial media sites became a g-t site fr many users that spend time n their mbile devices.3. . It is widely used in cmparisn t ther ppular scial media platfrms like Instagram. But, scial media apps are nt nly used t interact with ther users but als t cnsume infrmatin, whether it is entertaining vides, news, infrmatin abut certain prducts and services. Otherwise, peple rely n smartphnes when they want t share their cntent (phts, vides , articles) n scial media platfrms.4. .
Cnsumptin f Digital Media
Smartphnes are leading devices in the cnsumptin f digital media, and the time users spend is usually n apps.5. . S, whether yu are lking t watch yur favrite TV shws, listen t music, r yu want t read bks, listen t pdcasts, there are many apps that yu can check ut and dwnlad n yur device. Actually, a lt f cmpanies like Tencent and Yuku have designed apps t make their cntent mre accessible n the mve.
A. Friendly websites
B. Mbile Shpping
C. Actually, Wechat is ne f the largest scial media netwrks
D. Hence, a lt f businesses use them t prmte their prducts
E.As we knw, there's a wealth f apps available fr dwnlad, free f charge
F.Sme famus e-cmmerce sites include Amazn, Taba, JD and many thers
G.There are sme apps that are nt designed t entertain yu but t help yu enrich yur knwledge
【答案】1. B 2. F 3. C 4. D 5. E
【解析】1. 根据第二段第一句“Mst websites tday are mbile-friendly, while there are als mbile apps that yu can use t buy everything frm clthes t husehld items and mre.(如今大多数网站都是手机友好型，与此同时还有许多手机应用你可以用来买东西，从衣服到生活用品)”可知，这一段讨论的是智能手机的网上购物功能。而空格处是这一段的小标题。由此可知，B. Mbile Shpping(移动购物)符合题意。故选B。
2. 根据前一句“Hence, if anyne is lking t build an nline brand, it is certainly imprtant t develp a mbile-friendly site fr the ultimate nline shpping experience.(因此，如果某人想要建立一个网上品牌，为最佳购物体验搭建一个手机友好的网址无疑很重要)”提出要搭建网址，随后可能进一步举例说明好的网址有哪些。由此可知，F. Sme famus e-cmmerce sites include Amazn, Taba, JD and many thers(一些著名的电子商务网站包括亚马逊、淘宝、京东等)符合题意，F选项提出Amazn, Taba, JD(亚马逊、淘宝和京东)作为例子。故选F。
3. 前文“Scial media sites became a g-t site fr many users that spend time n their mbile devices.(社交媒体网站成为许多花时间在移动设备上的用户的首选网站)”提出现在手机用户花很多时间使用手机，社交网址成为了智囊网址。而后文接着提出“It is widely used in cmparisn t ther ppular scial media platfrms like Instagram.(与Instagram等其他流行的社交媒体平台相比，它被广泛使用)”。由此推知，空格处应该提到了一种社交媒体平台。由此可知，C. Actually, Wechat is ne f the largest scial media netwrks(事实上，微信是最大的社交媒体网络之一)符合题意。故选C。
4. 根据上文“But, scial media apps are nt nly used t interact with ther users but als t cnsume infrmatin, whether it is entertaining vides, news, infrmatin abut certain prducts and services. Otherwise, peple rely n smartphnes when they want t share their cntent (phts, vides , articles) n scial media platfrms.(但是，社交媒体应用不仅用于与其他用户互动，还用于消费信息，无论是娱乐视频、新闻，还是关于某些产品和服务的信息。否则，当人们想要在社交媒体平台上分享他们的内容（照片、视频、文章）时，就会依赖智能手机)”可知，要通过手机消费，必须要有商家提供商品信息。由此可知，D. Hence, a lt f businesses use them t prmte their prducts(因此，很多企业使用它们来推广他们的产品)符合题意。故选D。
5. 根据上文“Smartphnes are leading devices in the cnsumptin f digital media, and the time users spend is usually n apps.(智能手机是数字媒体消费的主流设备，并且用户大多数时间都花在应用上)”及下文“S, whether yu are lking t watch yur favrite TV shws…there are many apps that yu can check ut and dwnlad n yur device.(所以，不管你是想看你最喜欢的电视节目，你都可以在你的设备上查看和下载许多应用程序)”可推知，空格处应该是在讨论有很多应用可在手机上使用。由此可知，E. As we knw, there's a wealth f apps available fr dwnlad, free f charge(正如我们知道的那样，有很多应用可用于下载，并且免费)”符合题意。故选E。
2
Tech Neck
Have yu ever bent yur head dwn t lk at a screen until yur neck muscles hurt? If s, yu’ve experienced tech neck. 6. . It’s a cmmn prblem, and it’s n the rise.
Yur neck muscles are designed t hld yur head upright. 7. . But bending yur head frward fr lng perids f time can strain yur muscles. That can make them sre.
In the past peple spent mst f their time lking up. But nw peple spend significant amunts f time lking dwn at their phnes. They ften hld them at waist r chest level. This causes peple t crane their necks t see the phne, which, in turn, causes tech neck. 8. .
It’s prbably nt realistic t expect peple t give up their phnes t avid tech neck. But giving up technlgy altgether isn’t necessary. Yu can d things t avid tech neck even while keeping yur smartphne.
First yu can hld yur phne up s yu dn’t have t bend dwn t lk at it. But this can be tiring fr yur arms. S keep yur head upright, and lk nly with yur eyes. Try t sit up straight in frnt f a screen as well, r it can hurt yur back.
Als, take breaks. 9. . If yu’ve been sitting, stand up and walk arund. Mving yur bdy will help relax yur muscles. If yu cntinue experiencing tech neck, yu can d exercise t strengthen yur neck muscles.
10. . If yu’re aware f the prblem, yu can take measures t avid it.
A. Drp dwn yur smartphne right nw and have a walk utside
B. Once in a while, lk up frm yur screen, and rll yur shulders back
C. Using smartphnes excessively has resulted in tns f psychlgical prblems
D. Bending ver t view the screen f a cmputer n a desk can have a similar effect
E.Tech neck is a cmmn result f using tday’s technlgy, but it desn’t have t be
F.They can als mve yur head arund and even crane it frward fr a shrt amunt
f time
G.Tech neck ccurs when the use f phnes, cmputers and ther technlgy causes
neck pain
【答案】6. G 7. F 8. D 9. B 10. E
【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述了长期使用数码产品会给你带来技术脖，同时就此给出了相应的建议。
6. 由上文“Have yu ever bent yur head dwn t lk at a screen until yur neck muscles hurt? If s, yu’ve experienced tech neck.”（你有没有曾经低头看屏幕，直到颈部疼痛？如果有，那你可能得了技术脖。）Screen对应phnes, cmputers and ther technlgy，及下文“It’s a cmmn prblem, and it’s n the rise.”中it指代的就是技术脖。可知设空处是在介绍技术脖。故选择G项。
7. 由上文“Yur neck muscles are designed t hld yur head upright”（你的颈部肌肉旨在保持你的头部直立。）分析选项中的代词可知，they指代的就是上文中的muscles，故选择F项。
8. 由上文“But nw peple spend significant amunts f time lking dwn at their phnes….”（但现在人们花大量的时间低头看手机….）可知D选项中的similar effect 指的就是看电脑屏幕和看手机的影响相似。故选择D项。
9. 由上文“take breaks.”休息一下及下文“If yu’ve been sitting, stand up and walk arund…”（如果你一直坐着，就站起来走动一下….）可知本段主要讲述的使用电子设备时要时不时休息下。故选择B项。
10. 由下文“If yu’re aware f the prblem, yu can take measures t avid it.” （如果你意识到了问题，你就能够采取措施来避免。）句中的avid(避免)呼应选项中的“dn’t have t be”，故选择E项。
3
Mst students feel mre anxiety befre and during an exam. Nrmal levels f stress can help yu wrk, think faster and mre effectively, and generally help yu perfrm better in exams. 11. It can cause yur mind t “blank ut” r make yu unable t cncentrate. Here are sme strategies t help yu keep yur anxiety t a manageable level.
The better prepared yu get fr an exam, the less anxiety yu'll suffer frm. 12. Six weeks befre the exams is prbably sn enugh fr the end f year exams, depending n where yu are in yur studies and what year yu are in. Maintain yur health-eat a balanced diet, get enugh sleep and exercise regularly. 13. Lk at exams as an pprtunity t apply the knwledge and skills yu've been learning thrughut the term. The night befre an exam, calmly review material ne final time, rganize all yur supplies (yur pens, calculatr, eraser, and s n), and get a gd night's sleep. Get t the exam n time. Dn't talk t peple utside the rm because their nervusness culd be “catching”.
14. If yu're afraid yu will frget imprtant facts, write them dwn as sn as yu get int exam. When needed, take a shrt relaxatin break by clsing yur eyes, stretching(伸展) and relaxing muscles, and breathing deeply. If yu start t panic, tell yurself. “I will stay calm. I can handle this.” Read directins carefully and stay fcused n the exam. 15. Just keep wrking. Never leave early yurself.
A. Staying psitive is als imprtant.
B. Pay n attentin t students wh finish early.
C. Hwever, t much anxiety can lwer yur perfrmance.
D. Spend sme time thinking abut what is causing the anxiety.
E.The key t reducing exam anxiety is t start yur revisin early.
F.As fr anxiety during an exam, just fllw the fllwing strategies
G.Remember that mst peple feel tense at this pint-it is nly natural.
【答案】11. C 12. E 13. A 14. F 15. B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章认为大部分同学都存在考前焦虑，正常的压力水平可以帮助人们更快、更有效地工作和思考，在考试中表现得更好，但是过多的焦虑则会降低你的表现，它会导致你的思绪一片空白，使得你注意力无法集中，并且给出了一些帮助你把焦虑保持在一个可管理的水平的建议。
11. 根据上文“Nrmal levels f stress can help yu wrk, think faster and mre effectively, and generally help yu perfrm better in exams.(正常水平的压力可以帮助你工作，更快更有效地思考，并且通常可以帮助你在考试中表现得更好)”以及下文“It can cause yur mind t “blank ut” r make yu unable t cncentrate.(它会使你的大脑“空白”或无法集中注意力)”可知，此处是一个转折句，与正常的压力形成对比，C选项“然而，过多的焦虑会降低你的表现。”符合题意。故选C。
12. 根据上文“The better prepared yu get fr an exam, the less anxiety yu'll suffer frm.(你对考试准备得越充分，你的焦虑就越少)”和下文“Six weeks befre the exams is prbably sn enugh fr the end f year exams, depending n where yu are in yur studies and what year yu are in.（考试前六周对于期末考试来说可能已经足够快了，这取决于你学习的阶段以及你读几年级）”可知，空格处应该表达为考试做准备的时间要充分。E选项“减少考试焦虑的关键是尽早开始复习。”符合题意。故选E。
13. 根据下文“Lk at exams as an pprtunity t apply the knwledge and skills yu've been learning thrughut the term.(把考试看作是一个应用你整个学期所学知识和技能的机会)”可推知，对待考试要有积极的态度。A选项“保持积极态度也很重要。”符合题意。故选A。
14. 根据下文“If yu're afraid yu will frget imprtant facts, write them dwn as sn as yu get int exam. When needed, take a shrt relaxatin break by clsing yur eyes, stretching(伸展) and relaxing muscles, and breathing deeply.(若你们担心你们会忘记重要的事实，那个么你们一进入考试就把它们写下来。必要时，闭上眼睛，伸展身体，休息片刻 放松肌肉，深呼吸)”可知，这些都是关于考试过程中感到焦虑的一些处理措施。F选项“至于考试期间的焦虑，只需遵循以下策略”符合题意。下文是对策略的举例说明。故选F。
15. 根据上文“Read directins carefully and stay fcused n the exam.(仔细阅读说明并专注于考试)”以及下文“Just keep wrking. Never leave early yurself.(继续写，永远不要自己早退)”可知，此处指考试要全神贯注，尤其不要关注做得快，提前交卷的同学。B选项“不要理会提前完成的学生。”符合题意。故选B。
4
Strategies t Help Build Self-Regulatin Skills
Self-regulatin is the ability that helps us t cntrl ur behavirs t make gd decisins fr the lng-term, rather than just ding what we want in the mment.16. The gd news is that kids can learn t imprve their self-regulatin.
Discuss scenaris（场景）. Talk abut real-life incidents that encurage learners t stp and think abut managing their behavirs. Yu might say, "Smene is kicking the back f yur chair during a test and it's really annying yu. What d yu d?" Have students talk in small grups r partners.17. Using scenaris can help students train their brains fr hw t think thrugh prblems as they happen.
Set self-reflectin time. Every student needs t wrk n different things. Sme cncentrate n grades, while thers fcus mre n behavir r attendance. Set self-reflectin time and meet weekly with students. Discuss prgress made, challenges, and next steps fr the future.18. This can slwly help them develp the ability t self-reflect and self-regulate in the future.
19. Design an area in the rm fr students t g wh need a few minutes t themselves. It's imprtant t teach that the area is a place t self- regulate and get in cntrl f emtins s we can return t ur nrmal days. Tell students that it's nrmal and healthy t need a break nce in a while.
Use literature. Picture bks are a great way t intrduce and discuss self-regulatin skills at all levels. Even my middle schlers lved when I gt the picture bks ut fr a read-alud! With whatever bks yu chse, make sure t highlight the self-regulatin skills the characters use.20.
A. Give mvement breaks.
B. Create a calm dwn space.
C. Mst f all, try t let students take the lead!
D. Discuss hw they relate t yur students' lives.
E.Share abut hw they might handle thse situatins.
F.Cnsider cnsulting with the schl scial wrker fr extra supprt.
G.Hwever, wrking n self-regulatin skills desn't happen vernight.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. C 19. B 20. D
【解析】本篇是说明文。介绍帮助学生培养自我管理技能的策略。
16. 前一句“Self-regulatin is the ability that helps us t cntrl ur behavirs t make gd decisins fr the lng-term”提出自我管理从长远看能帮助控制行为，做好的决定；下一句 “The gd news is that kids can learn t imprve their self-regulatin.”提出一个好消息：孩子们可以学习如何加强自己的这种能力，可知空格处应说明过渡句，强调虽然培养自我管理能力有难度，G项“Hwever, wrking n self-regulatin skills desn't happen vernight.”指出培养这一技能不是一蹴而就的，符合题意。故选G。
17. 根据标题“Discuss scenaris”可知，本段策略是设计场景让学生思考应对行为。空格前一句“Have students talk in small grups r partners.”“让学生小组讨论”，那么接下来就应该是分享各自应对的方法，E项 “Share abut hw they might handle thse situatins.”意为“分享他们如何处理这些情况”符合题意。故选E。
18. 根据标题“Set self-reflectin time”可知，本段策略是设置自我反思的时间，让学生有针对性地改善自我管理能力。后文“This can slwly help them develp the ability t self-reflect and self-regulate in the future. ”“这能逐渐帮助他们培养将来自我反思、自我管理的能力”中有一个代词“this”就是空格处所涉及的策略。因此强调以学生为主导的C项“Mst f all, try t let students take the lead! ”“多数情况下试着让学生主导”符合语境。故选C。
19. 根据后文“Design an area in the rm fr students t g wh need a few minutes t themselves.”“在房间里涉及一个区域让需要单独呆几分钟的学生有地方可待”可知，本段策略是创建空间让学生独处，而B项“Create a calm dwn space. ”“创造一个冷静的空间”符合语境。故选B。
20. 根据标题“Use literature”可知，本段策略是使用文学作品，前文“With whatever bks yu chse, make sure t highlight the self-regulatin skills the characters use.”“不管选的是什么书，确保它强调角色使用的自我管理技能”提到书中角色使用的自我管理技能，后文应该要将书中的技能和采取这个策略的学生联系起来，D项 “Discuss hw they relate t yur students' lives.”“讨论这些技能和你的学生的生活有什么联系”符合语境。故选D。
5
Hw Des the Media Influence Peple?
The media has bth psitive and negative influences n peple. The media can make a persn mre aware f what is happening. 21. . The media has the capacity t ruin sciety by encuraging false ideals, praising selfishness and build the wrng values.
Accrding t the Canadian Academy, sme media messages have been linked t the cause f numerus health cncerns. 22. , causing peple t develp bad habits. Images used in entertainment can prvide negative ideas f life. Yung peple are especially influenced by the media. Yuth f all ages and cultures try desperately t imitate the rle mdels they bserve in the media. 23. . They are likely t develp eating disrders, lw self-esteem, and psychlgical diseases. Negative media influences can mislead yuth in the wrng directin.
The media influences the public by sharing news with an pininated perspective. The persnal values f media businesses impact the infrmatin shared. The reprters can add persnal ideas t the stries they cver. 24. . Anther prblem is that technlgical advances prvide venues t reach a larger audience than befre.
25. , but we can't deny that media changes ur ways f thinking and living. It als prmtes the transfrmatin f persnality and the frmatin f new beliefs thrugh the infrmatin delivered and educatin available easily. What we shuld d is develp the critical thinking ability.
A. Media is a majr piece within sciety ften linked t the scial influence
B. Obvius prblems exist there
C. Negative ideas fund in mvies, televisin, radi and advertisements are harmful t the yuth
D. But an individual shuldn't make the chice fr yung peple
E.But their pinins smetimes are arbitrary
F.On the ther hand, it can twist the truth
G.Televisin will encurage peple t take alchl
【答案】21. F 22. G 23. C 24. E 25. B
【解析】本文属于说明文。文章主要介绍了媒体对人们的影响，影响有积极的一面也有消极的一面。
21. 根据上文的“The media can make a persn mre aware f what is happening. ”（媒体可以使人们更清楚地了解正在发生的事情。）及下文的“The media has the capacity t ruin sciety by encuraging false ideals, praising selfishness and build the wrng values.”（媒体有能力通过鼓励错误的理想，赞扬自私和建立错误的价值观来毁灭社会。）可知，选项F“另一方面，它可以扭曲事实”衔接上下文，上文是媒体的好的影响，下文是不好的影响。故选F。
22. 根据上文“sme media messages have been linked t the cause f numerus health cncerns. ”（一些媒体信息与许多健康问题的起因联系在一起。）可知，媒体会影响健康，因此选项G“电视会鼓励人们喝酒”与上文衔接，与下文“causing peple t develp bad habits”构成并列，都是媒体对健康的不良影响。故选G。
23. 根据上文“ Yuth f all ages and cultures try desperately t imitate the rle mdels they bserve in the media. ”（所有年龄和文化背景的年轻人都拼命地模仿他们在媒体上看到的榜样。）可知，媒体对青年的影响很大，选项C“在电影、电视、广播和广告中发现的消极思想对年轻人有害”指明了媒体通过什么形式对青年产生不良影响，选项中的“yung peple”对应上文中的“Yuth f all ages”。故选C。
24. 根据上文“ The reprters can add persnal ideas t the stries they cver. ”（记者们可以在他们的报道中加入个人的想法。）可知，记者会把自己的观点加上去，个人价值观会影响他们分享的信息，因此，选项E“但他们的观点有时是武断的”衔接上文，他们的观点即指记者的观点。故选E。
25. 根据下文“ but we can't deny that media changes ur ways f thinking and living. ”（但是我们不能否认媒体改变了我们的思维方式和生活方式）可知，媒体对我们的也有好的影响，由句中的but可知，上文应该是媒体的不好的影响。选项B“存在着明显的问题”总结了上文的媒体带来的问题，同时与下文构成转折。故选B。
6
Lack f sleep can be cmpensated fr by exercise
Staying active and fit culd help t ward ff sme f the negative health impacts that wuld nrmally result frm lw-quality sleep, accrding t a large study f 380,055 middle-aged peple invlved in the UK Bibank research prject.While the health benefits f exercise and sleep are nthing new, 26. .It culd even give dctrs anther ptin t suggest fr patients dealing with sleep prblems.
"We fund thse wh had bth the prest sleep quality and wh exercised the least were mst at risk f death frm heart disease, strke (中风), and cancer," says epidemilgist B-Huei Huang, frm the University f Sydney in Australia. 27. .
Participants were gruped int three levels f physical activity (high, medium r lw) and were als given a sleep quality scre frm 0-5 based n the amunt f shut-eye they gt, hw late they stayed up, insmnia (失眠), snring and daytime sleepiness.Thse with the highest risk f dying frm cancer r heart disease during the study perid were thse with the wrst quality sleep and wh didn't meet the WHO recmmended guidelines fr exercise. 28. .
29. , fr example, thse at the unhealthiest end f the sleep and exercise scale had a 45 percent higher risk f dying frm cancer than thse with gd sleep scres wh kept physically active. 30. .
A. The findings suggest a likely synergistic (相互的) effect, an interplay, between the tw behavirs
B. That risk went dwn fr peple with pr quality sleep but wh did meet the exercise guidelines
C. Exercise can make up fr the lack f sleep quality
D. It's the relatinship between them that is interesting in this particular study
E.Hwever, that risk just abut disappeared fr thse wh didn't scre well n sleep but did scre well n physical activity
F.This als means that high quality sleep can slw a persn's risk f illness
G.In the case f all frms f cancer
【答案】26. D 27. A 28. B 29. G 30. E
【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了运动可弥补不良睡眠对身体的伤害。
26. 上文“Staying active and fit culd help t ward ff sme f the negative health impacts that wuld nrmally result frm lw-quality sleep, accrding t a large study f 380,055 middle-aged peple invlved in the UK Bibank research prject.(根据英国生物库研究项目的一项涵盖了380055名中年人的大型研究，保持活力和健康有助于抵御通常由低质量睡眠导致的负面影响)”说明足够的运动可以弥补不良睡眠带来的一些不健康的影响。D项中的“this particular study”与“a large study”相符，因此推断D项“在这项特别的研究中运动和健康之间的关系是有趣的”符合语境，说明虽然运动和睡眠对健康有益的观点并不新鲜，但是这项研究中，运动和健康之间的关系是有趣的，引出下文“It culd even give dctrs anther ptin t suggest fr patients dealing with sleep prblems.(它甚至为医生提供了治疗患者睡眠问题的另一种方式)”。故选D项。
27. 上文“We fund thse wh had bth the prest sleep quality and wh exercised the least were mst at risk f death frm heart disease, strke (中风), and cancer(我们发现那些睡眠质量最差、运动最少的人死于心脏病、中风和癌症的风险最大)”说明运动最少，睡眠最差的人得病和死亡的风险最大，可推断这两种行为之间可能存在相互作用。因此推断A项“研究结果表明，这两种行为之间可能存在协同效应，即相互作用”符合语境，“this tw behavirs”指代上文提到的“sleep”和“exercise”。故选A项。
28. 上文“Thse with the highest risk f dying frm cancer r heart disease during the study perid were thse with the wrst quality sleep and wh didn't meet the WHO recmmended guidelines fr exercise.(在研究期间，死于癌症或心脏病的风险最高的人是睡眠质量最差、不符合世界卫生组织建议的锻炼指南的人)”说明睡眠质量差，运动量不达标的人死亡风险高，B项中的“pr quality sleep”与“the wrst quality sleep”呼应，“the exercise guidelines”与“guidelines fr exercise”对应。因此推断B项“睡眠质量差但运动量达标的人死于癌症或心脏病的风险较低”符合语境。故选B项。
29. 下文 “fr example, thse at the unhealthiest end f the sleep and exercise scale had a 45 percent higher risk f dying frm cancer than thse with gd sleep scres wh kept physically active.(例如，那些睡眠质量最差、运动量最低的人死于癌症的风险比那些睡眠质量好并坚持运动的人要高出45%)”举例说明了死于癌症的风险，G项中的“cancer”与之相符，以癌症为例说明运动最少，睡眠质量最差的人死于癌症的风险高，故选G项。
30. 上文“fr example, thse at the unhealthiest end f the sleep and exercise scale had a 45 percent higher risk f dying frm cancer than thse with gd sleep scres wh kept physically active.(例如，那些睡眠质量最差、运动量最低的人死于癌症的风险比那些睡眠质量好并坚持运动的人要高出45%)”对比了死于癌症的比率，E项中的“thse wh didn't scre well n sleep but did scre well n physical activity”与“thse at the unhealthiest end f the sleep and exercise scale”形成对比，说明然而，那些睡眠质量不佳但却保持高水平运动量的人这种风险几乎没有因为睡眠差而增加。上下文是转折关系。故选E项。
7
Mst f the students really dn’t knw what they actually ding during a schl day. 31. Once yu fllw these ideas and tips, yu will be a right persn at schl and hme.
32. The first yu have t write in a paper is, what are the activities yu missed n that day and why. The ther is, what are the activities yu have t d n next day. Keep this paper with yu. S next day, this paper helps yu t cmplete every activity yu wrte dwn last night.
Dn’t afraid t say NO t anyne if it affects yur persnal tasks. Let’s say yu have hmewrk t finish befre ging t bed. In this situatin, yur friend asks yu t cme fr a mvie. 33. But if yu are a successful time management student, simply yu wuld say NO t him and use that valuable time fr yur persnal tasks.
Find what will be yur right time t d mre activities. Sme students prefer mrning time and sme prefer evening time. 34. As a schl student, yu must have t play games r watching TV. 35. Dn’t mess up yur studying time with these extra activities. Fr instance, yu can schedule ne r tw hurs fr watching TV r playing games after schl, but cncentrate mre time n hmewrk.
A. Make a careful plan in advance and carry it ut.
B. Take a paper and write abut 2 things befre ging t bed every day.
C. But schedule a particular time fr these extra activities.
D. Determine yur preferable time and get t use mst at that particular time.
E.If yu aren’t managing yur time, yu may g.
F.Therefre, it is necessary t understand the true meaning f time management.
G.Here is sme advice abut time management t students.
【答案】31. G 32. B 33. E 34. D 35. C
【解析】本文是说明文。文章向学生介绍了时间管理的观念与方法。
31. 下文“Once yu fllw these ideas and tips, yu will be a right persn at schl and hme.（只要你遵循了这些方法和技巧，你在家或学校都将成为最好的自己。）”其中，代词“these”说明上文提到“ideas and tips（方法和技巧）”。G项“Here is sme advice abut time management t students.（这里有一些给学生的关于时间管理的建议）”和下文衔接。故选G项。
32. 根据后文“The first yu have t write…(首先你要写下)”和“The ther is…(其次)”可知，你要写下两件事。B项中“Take a paper and write abut 2 things befre ging t bed every day.（每天睡觉前拿一张纸写两件事。）”和后文呼应。故选B项。
33. 根据后文“But if yu are a successful time management student, simply yu wuld say NO t him and use that valuable time fr yur persnal tasks.（但是，如果你是一个成功的时间管理学生，你只需对他说不，并将宝贵的时间用于你的个人任务。）”可知，和前文是转折关系。E项“If yu aren’t managing yur time, yu may g.（如果你没有管理你的时间，你可能会去）”符合题意。故选E项。
34. 根据前文段首中心句“Find what will be yur right time t d mre activities.（找到你做更多活动的恰当时间）”和“Sme students prefer mrning time and sme prefer evening time.（一些学生喜欢早晨时间，一些喜欢晚上的时间）”可知，D项“Determine yur preferable time and get t use mst at that particular time.（确定您的最佳时间，并在该特定时间充分利用。）”符合题意。故选D项。
35. 根据前文“As a schl student, yu must have t play games r watching TV.（作为一个学生，你一定需要玩游戏或者看电视。）”再结合C项“But schedule a particular time fr these extra activities.（但是为这些额外的活动安排一个特定的时间。）”其中“these extra activities”和前文“play games r watching TV”相呼应。再结合后文“Dn’t mess up yur studying time with these extra activities.（不要因为这些额外的活动打乱你的学习时间）”可知选C项。
8
FOMO stands fr “fear f missing ut”. It refers t the nervus r anxius feeling a persn gets when they realize they are nt attending a scial event either because they weren’t invited r they just didn’t feel like ging. 36. This belief, in turn, can create anxiety and a sense f inferirity. FOMO bthers mst teens, especially if they’re ften nline.
One way fr teens t deal with FOMO is t practice what is knwn as reframing (重塑) thinking. 37. Here are sme tips n hw teens can start t reframe their thinking.
Track negative thughts and replace them with reasnable nes. One thing teens can d t deal with FOMO is t track their negative thughts and feelings in a jurnal. 38. Then, they can change their thughts and replace the negative thughts with smething psitive.
39. Encurage teens t recgnize that they have limited time and cannt pssibly be everywhere and d everything. S, naturally, there will be scial events that they cannt attend. But this des nt mean that they’re necessarily missing ut n smething.
Turn ff the technlgy and d smething else. Turning ff the technlgy seems like a natural cure fr FOMO. But just switching the phne ff des nt erase the feelings that FOMO causes. 40. The key is t d smething else entirely like reading a bk r baking ckies — anything that allws them t fcus n smething ther than scial media.
A. Be realistic abut availability.
B. There are sme negative cnsequences f FOMO.
C. Realize that n ne lives a perfect life as described in scial media.
D. It’s a mental exercise designed t help them lk at situatins differently.
E.In general, FOMO causes peple t assume that they have a lw scial rank.
F.Teens may still wrry abut missing ut even if they’re nt in scial media at all.
G.This allws them t bserve hw ften they’re feeling negative abut themselves.
【答案】36. E 37. D 38. G 39. A 40. F
【解析】本文是应用文。文章就如何应对青少年面临的“错失恐惧症”给出了建议。
36. 根据指代关系可知，空格处句子需为下文This belief提供指代对象，E项“In general, FOMO causes peple t assume that they have a lw scial rank.(一般来说，‘错失恐惧症’会让人们认为自己的社会地位较低)”中“they have a lw scial rank.”正是This belief指代对象，且认为自己的社会地位较低会造成“anxiety and a sense f inferirity(焦虑和自卑)”。故选E项。
37. 上文提到“reframing (重塑) thinking”这一概念，D项“It’s a mental exercise designed t help them lk at situatins differently.(这是一种心理训练，旨在帮助他们从不同的角度看待情况)”是对这一概念的解释，且句中“lk at situatins differently”与上文“reframing(重塑) thinking”相照应，指“用另一种方式看待或思考问题”。故选D项。
38. 上文“One thing teens can d t deal with FOMO is t track their negative thughts and feelings in a jurnal.(青少年可以做的一件事就是在日记中记录他们的消极想法和感受)”建议是青少年用日记的方式记录消极想法和感受，G项“This allws them t bserve hw ften they’re feeling negative abut themselves.(这可以让他们观察到自己产生消极想法和感受的频率)”中This指代的正是“记录消极想法和感受”这种行为，且记录后就能观察到产生消极想法的频率，两句间有顺承关系。故选G项。
39. 根据下文“Encurage teens t recgnize that they have limited time and cannt pssibly be everywhere and d everything. S, naturally, there will be scial events that they cannt attend.(鼓励青少年认识到他们的时间是有限的，不可能无处不在，无所不能。因此，自然会有一些社交活动他们不能参加)”可知青少年要认识到不是所有社交活动都能参加，因为自己时间有限，所以对参加社交活动的可能性要切合实际。A项“Be realistic abut availability.(对可能性要现实一点)”表达了同样意思，符合语境。故选。
40. 上文“But just switching the phne ff des nt erase the feelings that FOMO causes.(但是仅仅关掉手机并不能消除‘错失恐惧症’引起的感觉)”说关掉手机并不能消除“错失恐惧症”引起的焦虑和自卑，F项“Teens may still wrry abut missing ut even if they’re nt in scial media at all.(即使不使用社交媒体，青少年可能仍然会担心错过机会)”解释了其原因，因为即使关掉手机，不使用社交媒体，青少年可能仍然会担心。故选F项。