资料中包含下列文件，点击文件名可预览资料内容
还剩33页未读，
继续阅读
2022年高考英语试卷（上海）（秋考）
展开
这是一份2022年高考英语试卷（上海）（秋考），文件包含2022年高考英语试卷上海秋考解析卷docx、2022年高考英语试卷上海秋考docx、2022年高考英语试卷上海秋考听力音频mp3等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共54页， 欢迎下载使用。
I. Listening Cmprehensin Sectin A Directins:In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1．A.A bx f cupcakes.
B.A sup spn.
C.A packet f sugar.
D.A cup f cffee.
【答案】C
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
2．A.Wrried.
B.Excited.
C.Interested.
D.Crazy.
【答案】A
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
3．A.Giving awards t students.
B.Buying a gift fr his sn.
C.Selling new tys t custmers.
D.Interviewing t becme a train driver.
【答案】B
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
4．A.She shuldn't g ut with a ntebk.
B.She shuld have been mre careful and she can nly blame herself.
C.She shuld pay attentin t the ntebk n the bench.
D.She shuldn't take the lss f her ntebk t heart.
【答案】B
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
5．A.Their travel plan in the city.
B.Their exhibitin in the gallery.
C.Their experience in the memrial hall.
D.Their jurney in the city map.
【答案】A
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
6．A.She is a chess teacher.
B.She is indifferent t her chess prgress.
C.She signed up fr the chess game.
D.She hasn't tuched the chessbard fr a lng time.
【答案】C
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
7．A.The light settings.
B.The stage backgrund.
C.The perfrmance style.
D.The stryline.
【答案】D
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
8．A.The pen﹣air mvie in the frest park.
B.The flwer shw in the frest park.
C.The clsing perfrmance f sprts meeting.
D.The pening perfrmance f the frest park.
【答案】B
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
9．A.Kate is a scial phbic （恐惧的） patient.
B.Kate's distinct persnality is nrmal.
C.Kate ften lses her temper with her classmates.
D.Kate's strange persnality affects her daily life.
【答案】B
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
10．A.He needs t fix the budget f the htel.
B.He must get t Beijing n time.
C.He can stay at her parents' huse.
D.He wants t visit his parents in Beijing.
【答案】C
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
Sectin B Directins:In Sectin B, yu will hear tw passages and ne lnger cnversatin. After each passage r cnversatin, yu will be asked several questins. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questin will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
11．A.Abut 1，400.
B.Abut 3，000.
C.Abut 1，900.
D.Abut 2，000.
12．A.It has a lng histry.
B.It has nt yet achieved cmmercial success.
C.It nly sells fruit at its stall.
D.It started frm nthing.
13．A.The success stry f Kitten Cffee.
B.The histry f Everbrwn.
C.The secret f business success.
D.The advantages f diversified prducts.
【答案】B D A
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
14．A.It needs scissrs t be pened fr use.
B.It has launched mre than 30 prducts.
C.It is material﹣efficient and envirnmentally friendly.
D.Its reputatin amng sellers is very pr.
15．A.It has put frward effective initiatives.
B.It has reached the peak f prduct upgrading.
C.It has ffered a wide range f prducts.
D.It nly intrduces the prduct thrugh vide clips.
16．A.Diversified design f packaging materials.
B.Wrking hard t prmte prduct develpment.
C.Innvative initiatives f e﹣cmmerce pineers.
D.A new way f packaging：that's frustratin﹣free.
【答案】C C D
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
17．A.The man's trip in Paris as an exchange student.
B.The man's accmmdatin in Paris as an exchange student.
C.The man's curse plan in Paris as an exchange student.
D.The man's daily diet in Paris as an exchange student.
18．A.The talent apartment utside the schl is cheaper.
B.The hst family is willing t prvide him with accmmdatin.
C.The rmmate has shared an apartment with him.
D.The schl desn't have an n﹣campus drmitry fr exchange students.
19．A.He may want t visit famus scenic spts.
B.He may have a tight schedule.
C.He may want his family t accmpany him.
D.He may need a chauffeur t take him t schl.
20．A.He likes t finish the experiment with his classmates.
B.He wants t split the rent t save mney.
C.He hpes t have the same schedule with his rmmate.
D.He just wants t hitchhike （搭顺风车） t class.
【答案】B D B C
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
2022年高考英语听力试题文字稿
Sectin A
Directins:In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1. M:I'm baking cupcakes, but I've run ut f sugar. Wuld yu please spare me a spnful?
W:Sure, I'll fetch yu a packet.
Q:What will the wman ffer t the man?
A packet f sugar.
2. W:Haven't seen the dg fr tw days. I dn't knw if anything terrible has happened t it.
M:We'd better prepare fr the wrst.
Q:Hw des the wman mst prbably feel?
Wrried.
3. M:Can yu recmmend smething that a schlby f seven r eight will really like?
W:I'd suggest this ty train, sir. This new brand is ppular these days.
Q:What is the man mst prbably ding?
Buying a gift fr his sn.
4. M:I put my ntebk n the bench a while ag, but nw it's gne.
W: Well, yu shuld have kept an eye n it.
Q:What des the man imply abut the wman?
The wman shuld have been mre careful and she can nly blame herself.
5. W:As yu can see frm the city map, the gallery is t far away frm here. We dn't have enugh time t g there.
M:Hw abut the Memrial Hall nearby? I heard it's breathtaking.
Q:What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
Their travel plan in the city.
6. M: Linda, yu'll have yur chess game tmrrw. Yu'd better stay at hme t d mre practice.
W: Dad, it was yesterday.
Q:What d we learn abut Linda frm the cnversatin?
She had her chess game yesterday. / She is a chess player. / She signed up fr the chess game.
7. W: Charles, what d yu think f the stage play?
M: The stryline fascinates me a lt, yet the lighting and setting still need imprving, let alne the music.
Q:Which aspect f the stage play des the man like?
The stryline.
8. M: The flwer shw in the frest park clses tday. D yu want t jin me fr the last chance?
W: Gd idea. Um, the mvie can wait.
Q: Where is the wman mst prbably ging?
The flwer shw in the frest park.
9. W: I can't get n well with my rmmate, Kate. She's s weird.
M: Well, she's just different. After all, diversity is a fact f life.
Q:What des the man imply?
Kate’s being distinct frm thers is nrmal.
10. M: I'm ging t Beijing next week, but I haven't fund a htel within my budget.
W: Why bther? My parents can put yu up fr a cuple f days.
Q:What des the wman mean?
He can stay at her parents’ huse.
Sectin B
Directins:In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne lnger cnversatin. After each passage r cnversatin, yu will be asked several questins. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
Everbrwn is a small twn with a histry f 1400 years. Each summer, the 300 ht springs nearby attract abut 40000 turists. Fr the rest f the year, it is hme t just 3000 peple. It is nt the kind f place yu'd expect t findKitten Cffee, a famus fd cmpany. After university in 1992, Miss Rsemary, funder f the cmpany, wanted nthing mre than t live in a small twn. With jbs hard t cme by in Everbrwn, she and her husband had t mve int a cabin with n electricity r running water, and began t run a fruit stand specifically fr turists during the summer mnths. They quickly realized that they needed t set up a business that culd be successful all year rund. In 1996, they began rasting cffee beans in their garage, giving the business the name Kitten Cffee. As sales quickly tk ff, it sn became apparent that their prduct was ging t be better knwn than the twn frm which it came. Since then, Kitten Cffee has becme ne f the biggest success stries. Its special image f a brwn kitten appears in grcery stres and cafés acrss the cuntry.
Questins:
11. What is the ppulatin f the twn Everbrwn?
Abut 3,000.
12. What can be learned abut the cmpany?
It started frm nthing / in a garage. / It’s better knwn than the twn. / It’s ne f the biggest success stries.
13. What is the talk mainly abut?
Hw the businessKitten Cffee has becme successful. / The success stry f Kitten Cffee.
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
Breaking thrugh tightly sealed packaging can exhaust and frustrate yu. Five years ag, as a pineer in e-cmmerce, we set up a team and annunced a multi-year initiative t reduce yur frustratin. We named it ‘Keep It Simple’ packaging r ‘KIS’ packaging fr shrt. At that time we made an intrductin vide and gt a great many cmments like this: “The ld packaging tk scissrs and sweat t pen. The new way is perfect.” Since the launch five years ag, ur KIS team has wrked hard. We launched with 29 prducts. Tday we ffer mre than 300,000 different prducts in KIS packaging, and they’ve been rdered mre than 85 millin times. In additin t being frustratin-free, this packaging is als better fr the envirnment﹣n clear plastic materials and it’s smaller. KIS packaging has s far eliminated ver 27.4 millin punds f packaging material. We still have further t g n this initiative and we’ll keep after it. We want t say thank yu t the millins f custmers and thusands f sellers wh have supprted us n this jurney s far. If yu’d like t share yur feedback and suggestins with us this hliday seasn, yu can reach us anytime at ur website. Yur cmments are the driving frce behind hundreds f packaging imprvements every year.
Questins:
14. What can be learned abut KIS packaging?
It makes packages simple t pen. / It is material-efficient and envirnmentally friendly. / It has been hugely ppular amng custmers and sellers.
15. What has the KIS team dne s far?
It has ffered a wide range f prducts.
16. What is the speaker mainly talking abut?
A new way f packaging that’s frustratin-free.
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
W: Hey, Steven! I heard yu are ging t Paris as an exchange student, but yu dn’t seem excited.
M: The schl desn’t have an n-campus drmitry fr exchange students. I’m thinking f renting an apartment.
W: Gd idea!
M: But the places clse t campus are expensive, and the affrdable nes are t far.
W: Can’t yu take buses?
M: Smetimes I have t stay n campus late fr tns f labratry wrk and assignments after buses stp running.
W: Hmm…That’s a pint fr being clse t campus. Why nt find a hme stay family?
M: Yu mean living with a lcal family?
W: Yeah, yu get yur meals as well.
M: But the prblem is my schedule. I might nt be able t have dinner at usual time. And I may wake peple up when I cme back late.
W: That’s true.
M: Nw my nly hpe is t find a rmmate. Tgether, we can affrd a place clse enugh t the schl.
W: But yu may have different schedules. Yu culd wake up yur rmmate as well.
M: I hpe I can find ne amng my classmates. S we share the same schedule, and he might even give me a ride if he culd drive.
W: Brilliant.
(Nw listen again. )
Questins:
17. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
The man’s accmmdatin in Paris as an exchange student.
18. Accrding t the man, why des he have t live utside the campus?
Because the schl desn’t have an n-campus drmitry fr exchange students.
19. What des the man expect his life t be like in Paris?
He may be very busy. / He may have a tight schedule. / He may stay n campus late fr wrk and may nt be able t have dinner at usual time.
20. Why des the man want t chse a classmate as his rmmate?
Because they can share the same schedule and his classmate may give him a ride t campus.
II.GrammarandVcabulary↩SectinA↩Directins：Afterreadingthepassagebelw，fillintheblankstmakethepassagescherentandgrammaticallycrrect.Frtheblankswithagivenwrd，fillineachblankwiththeprperfrmfthegivenwrd；frthetherblanks，usenewrdthatbestfitseachblank.
14．
Hw t Start a New Business
An entrepreneur is a persn wh creates，launches，and begins a new business，typically in respnse t a market demand that has nt been met.Entrepreneurs are ften imaginative，self ﹣mtivated individuals wh develp full﹣time，successful，and sustainable businesses.Successful entrepreneurs frequently have relevant insights，expertise，and advice they may ffer aspiring entrepreneurs t aid （1） them n their respective paths.Interviewing entrepreneurs might prvide insight int the steps they tk （2） t achieve （achieve） success.Here is the interview f entrepreneur﹣related questins，and yu will find mre preparatins fr it.
Questin：Hw wuld yu describe an entrepreneur？
Answer：An individual wh establishes and expands their wn cmpany thrugh innvative strategies （3） is knwn （knw） as an entrepreneur.During the expansin f their cmpanies，entrepreneurs are respnsible fr several imprtant tasks in additin t cash generatin.An entrepreneur perceives a cmmercial need in their sciety， （4） develps （develp） an idea fr a business，and then takes the initiative t start their firm.Suppse a business idea des nt center n prducing a prduct that fills a gap in the （5） existing （exist） market.In that case，it mst ften centers n applying technical advancements t simplify the prcess f btaining a prduct r service.
Questin：Hw d entrepreneurs identify business prspects？
Answer：Entrepreneurs rutinely seek chances t expand r increase their cmpany's revenues.They determine which prduct t include and which market t enter.An entrepreneur shuld listen t prspective custmers and lk fr chances t build items that meet their demands.An entrepreneur can determine （6） what ther businesses in the area are ding and hw they succeed by cnducting a cmpetitive analysis.This technique may invlve cnducting a physical survey r reading industry﹣specific materials.Cnversatins with cnsumers als facilitate the identificatin f their frustratins and negative experiences， （7） which they may use t enhance a firm.
Questin：What makes an entrepreneur successful？
Answer： （8） As an entrepreneur，yu are bth yur manager and the manager f thers.T achieve success，yu must pssess a wide range f abilities.An entrepreneur must be able t manage peple，a budget，peratins，and in certain cases，investrs.It necessitates a wrk style （9） characterized （characterize） by multitasking and planning fr the firm's shrt﹣and lng﹣term gals. （10） A successful entrepreneur must be able t spend his time wisely，regularly analyzing and priritizing prjects based n their relevance and significance.It includes engaging in shrt﹣ and lng﹣term planning，ecnmic frecasts，and market research.
【答案】（1）them（2）t achieve（3）is knwn（4）develps（5）existing（6）what（7）which（8）As（9）characterized（10）A
【分析】本文是一篇采访，介绍了如何成为一名成功的企业家。
【解答】（1）考查代词：句意：成功的企业家通常有相关的见解、专业知识和建议，他们可以为有抱负的企业家提供帮助，帮助他们走上各自的道路。根据句意可知空处作aid的宾语，指的是上文提到的aspiring entrepreneurs，用them。故填them。
（2）考查不定式：句意：采访企业家可能会让你了解他们取得成功所采取的步骤。根据句子结构，企业家所采取的步骤是为了获得成功，所以这里应用动词不定式表目的。故填t achieve。
（3）考查动词时态和语态：句意：通过创新战略建立并扩大自己公司的人被称为企业家。be knwn as被认为是……，固定搭配；根据An individual可知此处的be动词是单数的，文章的时态为一般现在时，而且根据句子主语individual后的wh引导的定语从句，空格处的动词为谓语动词。故填入is knwn。
（4）考查动词时态：句意：企业家在他们的社会中发现了商业需求，发展出了一个商业想法，然后主动创办了自己的公司。此句的主语是An entrepreneur，该空是一个谓语动词，且与前面的perceives并列，时态还是一般现在时，主语是单数，动词使用第三人称单数。故填入develps。
（5）考查形容词：句意：假设一个商业想法的中心不是生产填补现有市场空白的产品。根据句子结构可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词market，表示"现存的"。故填existing。
（6）考查宾语从句：句意：企业家可以通过进行竞争分析来确定该地区的其他企业在做什么以及他们是如何成功的。根据后面的hw they succeed（他们是如何成功的）可以推测出这里要表达的意思是"其他企业在做什么"。故填what。
（7）考查非限制性定语从句。：句意：与消费者的对话也有助于识别他们的沮丧和负面体验，他们可能会利用这些来增强公司。此处考查的是定语从句，their frustratins and negative experiences在后面的从句中作宾语，属于事物。故填which。
（8）考查介词：句意：作为一名企业家，你既是自己的管理者，也是他人的管理者。后面的yu are bth yur manager and the manager f thers是个完整的句子，an entrepreneur为名词。结合语境，此处要表达的意思应是"作为一名企业家"。故填As。
（9）考查：句意：它需要种多任务处理和为公司的短期和长期目标规划的工作风格。根据句子的谓语动词necessitates判定空格处的提示动词为非谓语动词结构，而且由by可知，此处应用过去分词修饰名词词组a wrk style。故填characterized。
（10）考查冠词：句意：一个成功的企业家必须能够明智地利用他的时间，根据项目的相关性和重要性定期分析和优先考虑项目。此处泛指一名成功的企业家，且successful以辅音音素开头，使用不定冠词a修饰，句首单词首字母大写。故填An。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
SectinBDirectins：
15．A.pursuits B.interests C.cmparable D.innvatin E.schedule F.ptins G.realizatin H.rutes I.subjects J.recipes K.mtivated
Creativity Is a Human Quality That Exists in Us
When yu think abut creativity，it might be highly creative peple like Mzart，Da Vinci r Einstein wh spring t mind.They were all cnsidered t be "geniuses" fr their smewhat unique talents that led t glbal （1） D in their fields.Their type f creativity is what's knwn as "Big C creativity" （r histrical） and is nt very cmmn in everyday life.Nt all f us can create wrks f art r music r scientific theries that are new t the wrld.
But while we can't all be Mzart，Da Vinci r Einstein，many peple d enjy creative activity—thrugh hbbies such as water clur painting r playing the pian.And these types f （2） A are ften what peple think f when asked what being creative lks like.Our finished pieces may nt be （3） C with the likes f the great masters，but ften the prcess is therapeutic and the end result can be aesthetically pleasing.
On tp f hbbies and （4） B ，we all pssess creative attributes that can help as we slve life's prblems and make decisins.It is this type f creativity that enables us t plan different （5） H t get t the same destinatin，r hw t fit in a trip t the supermarket when ur （6） E lks full.
It might nt sund very creative，but this aspect f creativity relies n ur ability t cnsider （7） F and assess their suitability，as well as hw t make decisins based n persnal prir experience r what we have learnt frmally r infrmally.These examples are knwn as "Small C creativity" r "persnal everyday creativity".
While Big C creativity is valued and celebrated，it is ften Small C creativity that has allwed humans t flurish ver thusands f years.It sets us apart frm ther animals and it is als the type f creativity which can be fstered thrugh ur educatin system and beynd int the wrkplace.
Traditinally，research tells us that creativity has been largely assciated with the arts.Our previus research has shwn that teachers are ften able t give examples f creative activity in arts （8） I ，but find it harder t d s when asked t describe creativity in subjects such as science.
But there is a grwing （9） G that pprtunities t be creative are fund acrss a brader range f subjects.Fr instance，engineering prvides pprtunities t be Creative thrugh prblem slving，and histry gives the pprtunity t think creatively abut why events happened，and what （10） K thse invlved.
【答案】DACBH EFIGK
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了什么是创造力。
【解答】（1）考查名词。句意：他们都被认为是"天才"，因为他们的独特才能导致了他们所在领域的全球创新。空处被形容词glbal修饰，使用名词；根据句意可知此处用innvatin表示"创新"，不可数名词，故填innvatin。故选D。
（2）考查可数名词复数。句意：当被问及创造力是什么样子时，人们通常会想到这些类型的追求。空处作介词f的宾语使用名词，根据句意可知此处使用pursuit表示"追求"，由types f可知名词使用复数形式，故填pursuits。故选A。
（3）考查形容词。句意：我们完成的作品可能无法与大师的作品相提并论，但通常这个过程是有治疗作用的，最终的结果是令人赏心悦目的。空处作be的表语使用形容词，根据the likes f the great masters可知此处是指无法相比，be cmparable with与……可比较的，故填cmparable。故选C。
（4）考查可数名词复数。句意：除了爱好和兴趣，我们都有创造性的属性，可以帮助我们解决生活中的问题和做出决定。空处作介词f的宾语使用名词，根据hbbies可知此处是指兴趣，用interest，由句意可知名词使用复数形式，故填interests。故选B。
（5）考查可数名词复数。句意：正是这种创造力使我们能够计划不同的路线到达同一个目的地，或者当我们的日程安排看起来很满时，如何适应去超市的旅行。空处被形容词different修饰，应用名词；由get t the same destinatin可知此处是指路线，用rute，根据different可知名词使用复数形式，故填rutes。故选H。
（6）考查可数名词单数。句意：正是这种创造力使我们能够计划不同的路线到达同一个目的地，或者当我们的日程安排看起来很满时，如何适应去超市的旅行。空处作主语使用名词，根据lks full可知此处表示日程表，用schedule，由lks可知名词使用单数形式，故填schedule。故选E。
（7）考查可数名词复数。句意：这听起来可能不是很有创意，但创造力的这一方面依赖于我们考虑选择和评估其适用性的能力，以及如何根据个人之前的经验或我们正式或非正式学到的东西做出决定。空处作cnsider的宾语，使用名词，根据句意可知使用ptin表示"选择"，由句意可知名词使用复数形式，故填ptins。故选F。
（8）考查可数名词复数。句意：我们之前的研究表明，教师通常能够在艺术科目中给出创造性活动的例子，但当被要求描述科学等科目的创造力时，就很难做到了。空处作介词in的宾语使用名词，根据arts可知此处使用subject表示"科目"，且句意可知名词使用复数形式，故填subjects。故选I。
（9）考查可数名词单数。句意：但越来越多的人意识到，在更广泛的学科中都有发挥创造力的机会。根据there is可知空处使用名词作表语，由句意可知此处表示"意识"，用realizatin，根据a可知名词使用单数形式，故填realizatin。故选G。
（10）考查动词时态。句意：例如，工程学提供了通过解决问题来发挥创造力的机会，而历史则提供了机会来创造性地思考事件发生的原因，以及是什么激发了参与者。空处缺少谓语，由句意可知此处使用mtivate表示"激发"；由happened可知时态为一般过去时，动词使用过去式，故填mtivated。故选K。
【点评】如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如动词的人称数，时态，语态，固定短语；名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。
III.ReadingCmprehensinSectinADirectins：FreachblankinthefllwingpassagetherearefurwrdsrphrasesmarkedA，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
16． A filler wrd is an apparently meaningless wrd，phrase，r sund that marks a pause r hesitatin in speech.Als knwn as a pause filler r hesitatin frm.Sme f the cmmn filler wrds in English are um，uh，er，ah，like，kay，right，and yu knw.Althugh filler wrds "may have fairly minimal lexical （词汇的） cntent，" ntes linguist Barbara A.Fx， "they can play a strategic syntactic （句法的） rle in a（n）（1） D cnversatin".What appears t be a filler wrd may als be a hlphrase （整句字） （2） A the cntext. "Hey，hey，shh，shh，shh.Cme n.Be sensitive t the fact that ther peple are nt cmfrtable talking abut emtinal （3） C .Um，yu knw，I am，I'm fine with that， peple"."Mdern linguists led by Lenard Blmfield in 1933 call these 'hesitatin frms'—the sunds f stammering （uh），stuttering （um，um），thrat﹣clearing （ahem!），stalling （well，um，that is），interjected when the speaker is searching wrds r （4） B fr the next thught." Yu knw that y' knw is amng the mst cmmn f these （5） C frms.Its meaning is nt the imperius 'yu understand' r even the ld interrgatry 'd yu get it'？It is given as，and taken t be，merely a filler phrase， （6） A t fill a beat in the flw f sund，nt unlike like，in its new sense f，like，a filler wrd…
These staples f mdern filler cmmunicatin—I mean，y' knw，like—can als be used as 'tee﹣up wrds'.In lden times，pinter phrases r tee﹣up wrds were get this，wuld yu believe？and are yu ready？The （7） D f these rib﹣nudging phrases was—are yu ready—t make the pint，t fcus the listener's attentin n what was t the（8） B is t tee up a pint，we shuld accept y' knw and its friends as a mildly（9） A spken punctuatin，the articulated cln （冒号） that signals 'fcus n this'…If the purpse is t grab a mment t think，we shuld allw urselves t wnder：Why are filler phrases needed at all？What （10） D the speaker t fill the mment f silence with any sund at all？
Why d sme peple fill the air with nn﹣wrds and sunds？Fr sme，it is a sign f nervusness；they fear silence and experience speaker（11） B .Recent research at Clumbia University suggests anther reasn.Clumbia psychlgists guessed that speakers fill pauses when （12） C fr the next wrd.T investigate this（13） A ，they cunted the use f filler wrds used by lecturers in bilgy，chemistry，and mathematics，where the subject matter uses scientific definitins that limit the variety f wrd chices（14） D t the speaker.They then cmpared the number f filler wrds used by teachers in English，art histry，and philsphy，where the subject matter is less（15） B and mre pen t wrd chices.
【答案】DACBC ADBAD BCADB
【分析】这段短文主要讲述了填充词的定义和使用。填充词是在说话中标志着停顿或犹豫的似乎没有意义的词、短语或声音。一些常见的英语填充词有um、uh、er、ah、like、kay、right和yu knw。填充词在对话中可能起到战略句法作用。填充词也可以用作"准备词"，用于引起听者的注意力。填充词的使用可能是因为紧张或者为了寻找下一个词。
【解答】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.undertaking承担，从事；B.discvering发现；C.disliking不喜欢；D.unflding展开。句意：它们可以在展开的对话中扮演战略句法的角色。根据空后的cnversatin可知此处是指开展对话。故选D。
（2）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.depending n取决于；B.hlding up支撑；C.taking ver接管；D.arranging fr安排。句意：根据上下文的不同，看起来像是填充词的词也可能是一整个句子。根据空后the cntext可知此处是指取决于上下文。故选A。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.appliances家用电器，装置；B.substances物质；C.disturbances干扰；D.finances资产。句意：对其他人不愿意谈论情绪困扰的事实要敏感。根据空前peple are nt cmfrtable talking abut emtinal可知此处是指清晰困扰的事实。故选C。
（4）考查介词短语及语境理解。A.n the cntrary恰恰相反；B.at a lss不知所措；C.at dawn黎明时分；D.n n accunt无论如何不要。句意：当说话者正在寻找单词或不知道下一个想法时。根据空后fr the next thught可知此处是指不知道要说什么。故选B。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.perseverance毅力；B.cmplexity复杂性；C.hesitatin犹豫；D.bligatin义务，责任。句意：你知道y'knw是最常见的犹豫形式之一。根据上文call these 'hesitatin frms'可知此处指的是犹豫形式。故选C。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.intended计划，打算；B.attended参加；C.pretended假装；D.extended扩大。句意：它被认为是，也被认为是，仅仅是一个填充词，用来填补音流中的节拍，就像它的新意义上的like一样，是一个填充词……根据空后fill a beat in the flw f sund可知此处指的是用来填补。故选A。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.interest兴趣；B.experience经历；C.advantage优点；D.functin作用。句意：这些挑逗性的短语的作用是——你准备好了吗？——把听众的注意力集中在接下来的内容上。根据空后t make the pint，t fcus the listener's attentin n what was t fllw.可知此处是指这些短语的作用。故选D。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.architecture建筑设计；B.purpse目的；C.cmpletin完成；D.randm随意。句意：如果目的是为了提出一个观点，我们应该接受"知道"和它的朋友们作为一种稍微令人讨厌的口语标点符号，即表示"专注于此"的连音冒号。根据下文If the purpse is t grab a mment t think可知此处是指目的。故选B。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.annying使恼怒；B.striking打，撞；C.entertaining使快乐；D.embarrassing使尴尬。句意：如果目的是为了提出一个观点，我们应该接受"知道"和它的朋友们作为一种稍微令人讨厌的口语标点符号，即表示"专注于此"的连音冒号。根据空后spken punctuatin可知此处是指令人讨厌的标点符号。故选A。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.ppresses压迫；B.recycles回收；C.highlights强调；D.mtivates促使。句意：是什么促使说话者用声音来填补沉默的时刻？根据空后t fill the mment f silence with any sund at all可知此处是指促使说话者这样做。故选D。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.danger危险；B.anxiety焦虑；C.figure数字；D.sculpture雕像。句意：他们害怕沉默，会感到说话焦虑。根据空前it is a sign f nervusness可知此处是指说话焦虑。故选B。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.bthering烦扰；B.inspecting检查；C.searching搜索；D.accmplishing完成。句意：哥伦比亚大学的心理学家猜测，说话者在寻找下一个单词时，会填补停顿。根据空后the next wrd可知此处是指寻找下一个单词。故选C。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.idea观点；B.chance机会；C.basis基础；D.feedback反馈。句意：为了研究这一观点，他们统计了生物、化学和数学讲师使用填充词的情况，这些学科使用科学的定义，限制了说话者选择词汇的多样性。根据空前T investigate this可知此处是指研究这个观点。故选A。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.feasible可行的；B.credible可信的；C.cnsiderable相当大的；D.available可获得的。句意：为了研究这一观点，他们统计了生物、化学和数学讲师使用填充词的情况，这些学科使用科学的定义，限制了说话者选择词汇的多样性。根据空前T investigate this可知此处是指研究这个观点。根据空后t the speaker可知此处是指演讲者可以选择的词汇种类。故选D。
（15）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.well﹣matched配合得很好的；B.well﹣defined定义明确的；C.well﹣bred有教养的；D.well﹣perceived感知良好的。句意：然后，他们比较了英语、艺术史和哲学教师使用填充词的数量，这些学科的主题定义不那么明确，词汇选择更开放。根据空后mre pen t wrd chices可知此处是指定义没有那么明确。故选B。
【点评】做完形填空题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意前后对照，逐句精读，逐题分析选项。所有的答案选出之后，应再次通读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。
Sectin BDirectins：，B，CandD.Chsethenethatfitsbestaccrdingttheinfrmatingiveninthepassageyuhavejustread.
17． Cntemprary artist Nick Smith creates pixelated （像素化的） wrks with hand placed clur﹣chips，synnymus with clur swatches （色块），cleverly cmbining text and image t create interesting and fascinating cllaged （拼贴的） wrks.
With a previus career in Interir Design spanning 11 years，Nick references his cncept design backgrund thrughut his wrk，rewrking the design aesthetic using unique clur swatches in hand﹣made cllages，placing his wrk firmly in the fine art categry.Frm his first cllage experiment back in 2011 f Warhl's 'Marilyn'，when he assembled a tessellatin （镶嵌技术） f swatches as a challenge，this eventually inspired his career as an artist and determined his unique style he is nw knwn fr.
The multi﹣layered element f his wrk，which marries image and wrd，allws Nick t explre cmplex art﹣histrical cncepts.The text emplyed is ften narrative，which can be read in sequence adding anther element f intrigue and interest t the wrk.This additinal element f text，placed under the empty space f each swatch，creates either cmplimentary r subversive meanings.Nick deliberately leaves these wrd/image cnstructins pen t viewer interpretatin，sparking new debates and meanings.
Each P﹣series，such as Psyclurgy 2015，Purgatry 2019，explres cmplicatedly researched cncepts，which are always the crucial starting pint fr each new series f wrk.Prducing large﹣scale wrks t micr﹣chip cllages，and multiple sell ut print editins，Nick cntinues t develp his ppular and recgnisable art.
PSYCOLOURGY—January 2015 Lawrence Alkin Gallery，Lndn
Smith's debut sl exhibitin with Lawrence Alkin Gallery in Sh，Lndn，launched his unique visual rewrking f classic paintings frm the 20th Century cann.Universally knwn wrks，including David Hckney's 'The Bigger Splash'，Andy Warhl's 'Sup Cans' and Lenard da Vinci's 'Mna Lisa' were all recast，creating riginal cllages that enquire ideas f depictin，digitalisatin and recgnitin.A sell ut shw，with numerus successful subsequent print releases，Psyclurgy frged Smith's path t a place amng Britain's ntable cntemprary artists.
PURGATORY﹣ December 2019 Cntext，Art Miami
Purgatry is a shiny，sticky，glssy explratin f ur scieties attitude and apprach t ur excess，addictins and desires.
Excerpts frm Dante's Purgatry are wven thrugh clurful wrks depicting ppular cvetable cnsumables，creating symblic representatins f the seven sins.Dante explres pssible penance （忏悔） fr ur earthly suffering leading t spiritual grwth.The results f these pairings ffer a humrus，nstalgic and subversive pprtunity t questin ur chices，ur histry and ur future.
（1）What made Nick launch his art career？ C
A.His deep lve f fascinating cllaged wrks.
B.His first cllage wrk Warhl's 'Marilyn'.
C.The challenge f piecing a tessellatin f swatches.
D.The cllage experiment dating back t 2012.
（2）Which f the fllwing statements abut the text Nick uses is true？ C
A.His text cntains cncepts f art.
B.His text is usually illustrative.
C.His text can be read sequentially.
D.His text elements are very simple.
（3）What d we knw abut PSYCOLOURGY？ D
A.It pened Smith's unique visual reinventin f classic 21th﹣century paintings.
B.David Hckney's 'Mna Lisa' has been recreated by Lawrence Alkin Gallery.
C.The riginal cllages affirm the ideas f depictin，digitisatin and recgnitin.
D.It pened Smith's path t becming ne f Britain's leading cntemprary artists.
（4）What is the tpic f this passage？ D
A.Sme useful ways t create cllaged wrks.
B.The life f cntemprary artist Nick Smith.
C.Infrmatin abut Psyclurgy and Purgatry.
D.The intrductin t Nick Smith's wrks.
【答案】CCDD
【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了当代艺术家Nick Smith的创作风格和作品。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第二段Frm his first cllage experiment back in 2011 f Warhl's 'Marilyn'.when he assembled a tessellatin f swatches as a challenge，this eventually inspired his career as an artist and determined his unique style he is nw knwn fr（这是他在2011年第一次拼贴沃霍尔的作品《玛丽莲》。当他将色板镶嵌起来作为一项挑战时，这最终激发了他作为艺术家的职业生涯，并确定了他现在闻名的独特风格）可知，2011年，他在沃霍尔的作品《玛丽莲》中进行了第一次拼贴实验，当时他将色板镶嵌在一起作为挑战，这最终激发了他作为艺术家的职业生涯，并决定了他现在以独特的风格著称。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第三段The text emplyed is ften narrative，which can be read in sequence adding anther element f intrigue and interest t the wrk.（所使用的文本通常是叙事性的，可以按顺序阅读，为作品增添了另一种阴谋和兴趣元素。）可知，Nick Smith的文本通常是叙事性的，可以按顺序阅读，为作品添加另一个阴谋和兴趣的元素。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章第五段A sell ut shw，with numerus successful subsequent print releases Psychlgy frged Smith's path t a place amng Britain's ntable cntemprary artists.（一场售罄的展览，以及随后出版的许多成功的印刷版《心理学》，使史密斯跻身英国著名当代艺术家之列。）可知，"心理色彩"为史密斯开辟了通往英国著名当代艺术家之路。故选D。
（4）主旨大意题。根据整篇文章分析，文章一开始介绍了当代艺术家Nick Smith将文字和图像结合起来，创作出有趣和发人深省的拼贴作品，接下来主要介绍了他的作品的设计理念，最后描述了他的两个系列作品：Psychlgy和Purgatry，所以文章主要是介绍Nick Smith的作品。故选D。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
18． The scientific methd uses a series f steps t establish facts r create knwledge.The verall prcess is well established，but the specifics f each step may change depending n what is being examined and wh is perfrming it.The scientific methd can nly answer questins that can be prven r disprven thrugh testing.
Make an bservatin r ask a questin.The first step is t bserve smething that yu wuld like t learn abut r ask a questin that yu wuld like answered.These can be specific r general.Sme examples wuld be "I bserve that ur ttal available netwrk bandwidth drps at nn every weekday" r "Hw can we increase ur website registratin numbers？" Taking the time t establish a well﹣defined questin will help yu in later steps.
Gather backgrund infrmatin.
This invlves ding research int what is already knwn abut the tpic.This can als invlve finding if anyne has already asked the same questin.
Create a hypthesis.
A hypthesis is an explanatin fr the bservatin r questin.If prven later，it can becme a fact.Sme examples wuld be "Our emplyees watching nline vides during lunch is using ur internet bandwidth" r "Our website visitrs dn't see ur registratin frm."
Create a predictin and perfrm a test.
Create a testable predictin based n the hypthesis.The test shuld establish a nticeable change that can be measured r bserved using empirical analysis.It is als imprtant t cntrl fr ther variables during the test.Sme examples wuld be "If we blck vide﹣sharing sites，ur available bandwidth will nt g dwn significantly during lunch" r "If we make ur registratin bx bigger，a greater percentage f visitrs will register fr ur website than befre the change."
Analyze the results and draw a cnclusin.
Use the metrics established befre the test see if the results match the predictin.Fr example， "After blcking vide﹣sharing sites，ur bandwidth utilizatin nly went dwn by 10% frm befre；this is nt enugh f a change t be the primary cause f the netwrk cngestin" r "After increasing the size f the registratin bx，the percent f sign﹣ups went frm 2% f ttal page views t 5%，shwing that making the bx larger results in mre registratins."
Share the cnclusin r decide what questin t ask next：Dcument the results f yur experiment.
By sharing the results with thers，yu als increase the ttal bdy f knwledge available.Yur experiment may have als led t ther questins，r if yur hypthesis is disprven yu may need t create a new ne and test that.Fr example， "Because user activity is nt the cause f excessive bandwidth use，we nw suspect that an autmated prcess is running at nn every day."
（1）What is the imprtant rle f cllecting backgrund infrmatin？ A
A.Make full preparatin fr the research questins.
B.Understand the knwledge f existing research results.
C.Prvide evidence t refute the research cnclusin.
D.Encurage researchers t reflect deeply n their wrk.
（2）In which case wuld it be necessary t create a new hypthesis fr retesting？ B
A.The research hypthesis has been fully prved.
B.The research results lead t ther related issues.
C.The scpe f test data needs t be expanded again.
D.The backgrund investigatin is nt bjective enugh.
（3）What can we infer frm this passage？ D
A.Creating a questin will help yu in the fllwing step.
B.Cllecting infrmatin includes research n an unknwn subject.
C.The test shuld establish a change that cannt be measured easily.
D.Yu may need t create a new hypthesis if the ld ne is verturned.
【答案】ABD
【分析】这段短文主要介绍了科学方法的步骤和原则。科学方法通过一系列步骤来建立事实或创造知识，具体步骤可能因研究对象和研究者的不同而有所变化。科学方法只能回答那些可以通过测试来证实或证伪的问题。具体步骤包括观察或提出问题、收集背景信息、建立假设、进行预测和测试、分析结果并得出结论，以及分享结论或决定下一个问题。通过分享实验结果，可以增加可用的知识量。如果假设被证伪，可能需要创建新的假设并进行测试。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据Gather backgrund infrmatin.部分中的This invlves ding research int what is already knwn abut the tpic.This can als invlve finding if anyne has already asked the same questin.（这包括对已经知道的主题进行研究。这也包括发现是否有人已经问过同样的问题。）可知，
收集背景资料的重要作用是为研究问题做好充分的准备。故选A。
（2）根据根据最后一段Yur experiment may have als led t ther questins，r if yur hypthesis is disprven yu may need t create a new ne and test that.（你的实验可能还会导致其他问题，或者如果你的假设被证明是错误的，你可能需要创建一个新的假设并进行测试。）可知，如果研究结果引发了其他相关问题，需要再次进行假设。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段Yur experiment may have als led t ther questins，r if yur hypthesis is disprven yu may need t create a new ne and test that.（你的实验可能还会导致其他问题，或者如果你的假设被证明是错误的，你可能需要创建一个新的假设并进行测试。）可知，如果旧的假设被推翻，你可能需要创造一个新的假设。故选D。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
19． Business innvatin is an rganizatin's prcess fr intrducing new ideas，wrkflws，methdlgies，services r prducts.Like IT innvatin，which calls fr using technlgy in new ways t create a mre efficient and agile rganizatin，business innvatin shuld enable the achievement f gals acrss the entire rganizatin，with sights set n accmplishing cre business aims and initiatives.Innvatin ften begins with idea generatin，wherein ideas are narrwed dwn during brainstrming sessins，after which leaders cnsider the business viability，feasibility and desirability f each idea.Business innvatin shuld imprve n existing prducts，services r prcesses；r it shuld slve a prblem；r it shuld reach new custmers.Recent examples f business innvatin include the intrductin f the Dysn vacuum cleaner，whse creatr and namesake James Dysn declared in advertisements that he set ut t build a better prduct by applying industrial cyclne technlgies t the husehld appliance.
The purpse f the business innvatin prcess is t create value fr the rganizatin.That value can cme frm creating new revenue pprtunities r driving mre revenue thrugh existing channels；frm creating efficiencies that save time，mney r bth；r frm imprvements t prductivity r perfrmance.In shrt，innvatin shuld lead t higher prfits.Additinally，the results f an rganizatin's innvatin prcess shuld yield a cmpetitive advantage；it shuld help the rganizatin t grw and reach—r，better still，exceed—strategic bjectives.
Innvatin and inventin are clsely linked，but the tw terms are nt interchangeable.An inventin is an entirely new creatin.The prcess f business innvatin can prduce an inventin，but the term is brader in scpe and includes the applicatin f an existing cncept r practice in a new way，r applying new technlgy t an existing prduct r prcess t imprve upn it.T better understand the difference，cnsider this：The telephne is an inventin，but the smartphne is an innvatin.
Business innvatin can als be classified as either revlutinary r evlutinary.Revlutinary business innvatin yields a drastic change in a prduct，service，prcess，etc.，which ften destrys r supplants an existing business mdel.This is als knwn as radical innvatin.Evlutinary r incremental innvatin invlves smaller，mre cntinuus imprvements that，while imprtant，are nt drastic enugh t shift a cmpany r market int a new paradigm.Disruptive innvatin is a categry that emphasizes the destructive aspect f revlutinary innvatin；this term applies t business innvatin that leads t the creatin f a new market that displaces an existing ne r，similarly，a significant upheaval in a categry f prducts r services.
Business innvatin，like mst business initiatives，has bth benefits and risks.Organizatins shuld recgnize n the negative side that the business innvatin prcess can be a cstly undertaking that des nt always prduce a return n investment （ROI）；that ideas cnsidered likely t succeed culd still fail；and that stakehlders culd fight the changes required t be successful.On the ther hand，rganizatins need t weigh thse risks against the benefits f business innvatin.
（1）What des the underlined wrd in the first paragraph mean？ D
A.Persuasibility.
B.Scarcity.
C.Generality.
D.Practicability.
（2）What is the purpse f business innvatin？ A
A.Create value benefits fr the enterprise.
B.Refrm the management structure f enterprises.
C.Encurage staff t make mre inventins.
D.Upgrade the prduct perfrmance.
（3）Which f the fllwing is true abut innvatin and inventin？ D
A.They are essentially the same cncept.
B.They can replace each ther in the cntext.
C.They can bring huge cmmercial benefits.
D.They are clsely related but have different cnceptual scpes.
（4）What is the main cntent f this passage？ B
A.The precautins fr brainstrming meetings.
B.The cnsideratins fr business innvatin.
C.The difference between innvatin and inventin.
D.The revlutinary change in business innvatin.
【答案】DADB
【分析】这段短文主要讲述了商业创新的定义、目的和分类。商业创新是引入新的想法、工作流程、方法、服务或产品的组织过程。商业创新的目的是为组织创造价值，包括创造新的收入机会、提高效率、改进生产力或性能，并带来更高的利润。商业创新可以是革命性的，带来彻底的改变，也可以是渐进式的，通过连续的小改进来提升。商业创新既有好处也有风险，组织需要权衡这些风险与好处。
【解答】（1）词义猜测题。根据第一段Innvatin ften begins with idea generatin，wherein ideas are narrwed dwn during brainstrming sessins，after which leaders cnsider the business viability，feasibility and desirability f each idea.（创新通常始于想法的产生，在头脑风暴会议期间，想法被缩小，然后领导者考虑每个想法的商业可行性和可取性。）可知，viability指的是"可行性"。A.Persuasibility（可说服度）；B.Scarcity（稀缺性）；C.Generality（普遍性）；D.Practicability（可行性）。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段The purpse f the business innvatin prcess is t create value fr the rganizatin.（业务创新过程的目的是为组织创造价值。）可知，商业创新的目的是为企业创造价值效益。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段Innvatin and inventin are clsely linked，but the tw terms are nt interchangeable.（创新和发明是紧密联系在一起的，但这两个术语是不可互换的。）可知，创新和发明密切相关，但具有不同的概念范围。故选D。
（4）主旨大意题。通读全文及最后一段Business innvatin，like mst business initiatives，has bth benefits and risks. （商业创新，像大多数商业计划一样，既有好处也有风险。）和On the ther hand，rganizatins need t weigh thse risks against the benefits f business innvatin.（另一方面，组织需要权衡这些风险和业务创新的好处。）可知，本文主要是关于商业创新的相关概念及考量。故选B。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
SectinCDirectins：
20．
When Leakey and Jane begin a study f wild chimpanzees n the shre f Lake Tanganyika，British authrities resist the idea f a yung wman living amng wild animals in Africa.They finally agree t Leakey's prpsal when Jane's mther Vanne vlunteers t accmpany her daughter fr the first three mnths.
On July 14，1960，Jane and Vanne arrive n the shres f Gmbe Stream Chimpanzee Reserve in western Tanzania.
（1） A The animals fled frm Jane in fear.With patience and determinatin she searched the frest every day，deliberately trying nt t get t clse t the chimpanzees t sn.Gradually the chimpanzees accepted her presence.
Jane bserves meat﹣eating fr the first time Octber 30，1961.Later，she sees the chimpanzees hunt fr meat. （2） C
On Nvember 4，1961，Jane bserves David Greybeard and Gliath making tls t extract termites （白蚁） frm their munds.They wuld select a thin branch frm a tree，strip the leaves and push the branch int the termite mund.After a few secnds they wuld pull ut the termite﹣cvered stick and pick ff the tasty termites with their lips.
This becmes ne f Jane's mst imprtant discveries. （3） B On hearing f Jane's bservatin，Leakey famusly says： "Nw we must redefine tl，redefine man，r accept chimpanzees as humans."
Jane's wrk in Gmbe becmes mre widely knwn and in 1962 she is accepted at Cambridge University as a PhD candidate，ne f very few peple t be admitted withut a university degree. （4） F "It wuld have been mre scientific t give them numbers"，they say.
Jane has t defend an idea that might nw seem bvius：that chimpanzees have emtins，minds and persnalities.
Jane in AfricaNatinal Gegraphic decides t spnsr Jane's wrk and sends phtgrapher and filmmaker Hug van Lawick t dcument Jane's life in Gmbe.In August 1963，Jane publishes her first article in Natinal Gegraphic， "My Life Amng Wild Chimpanzees."
【答案】ACBF
【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了Jane在坦桑尼亚西部贡贝溪黑猩猩保护区的研究和发现。
【解答】（1）主题判断题。根据后句The animals fled frm Jane in fear.With patience and determinatin she searched the frest every day，deliberately trying nt t get t clse t the chimpanzees t sn.Gradually the chimpanzees accepted her presence（动物们在恐惧中逃离了简。她每天都带着耐心和决心在森林里搜寻，故意不过早地靠近黑猩猩。黑猩猩逐渐接受了她的存在），可知表示"但是研究贡贝的黑猩猩并不容易"的选项A可以作为本段的主题，介绍简研究贡贝黑猩猩的困难，故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据前句Jane bserves meat﹣eating fr the first time Octber 30，1961.Later，she sees the chimpanzees hunt fr meat（1961年10月30日，简第一次观察到食肉现象。后来，她看到黑猩猩在觅食肉食），可知表示"这些观察结果推翻了人们普遍认为黑猩猩是素食主义者的观点"的选项C可以承接前文，介绍简观察到黑猩猩食肉现象的意义，故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据前一段On Nvember 4，1961，Jane bserves David Greybeard and Gliath making tls t extract termites frm their munds...（1961年11月4日，简观察大卫•格雷伯德和歌利亚制作工具来提取白蚁）；以及前句This becmes ne f Jane's mst imprtant discveries（这成为简最重要的发现之一），可知表示"在那之前，只有人类被认为可以创造工具"的选项B可以承接前文，解释简这一发现的重要意义，故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据后句 "It wuld have been mre scientific t give them numbers"，they say（ 他们说，"给它们数字编号会更科学"），可知表示"一些学者和科学家不喜欢简，批评她给黑猩猩取名字"的选项F可以引出后句，介绍一些学者和科学家不喜欢简的原因，故选F。
【点评】这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
IV. Summary WritingDirectins： Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint（s） f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
21． Is there a crrelatin between high IQ and creative genius？Really，the phrasing f the questin cntradicts very much crrelatin，as "creativity" is in n way measured thrugh IQ standardized testing，and creativity is the greatest determinant f a genius as，like yu say，it is a genius.Innvatin upn any subject requires a drive t create.
As nes IQ increases ，there is an increased prbability that they are a genius because their level f creativity has a higher prbability f ascending （升高） them t genius level.Hwever if the dds are against them，there is an average prbability that they are a genius since they are average percent genius.This is because genius and IQ are cmpsed f different mental cnstructs as IQ measures a standard cmprehensin level，while creativity measures the way in which this cmprehensin is used.Fr example，if yur IQ is 180，the percentage that yu are a genius is subtracted by the amunt f creativity necessary t becme a genius.This is inductive f the influence that the brain has n awareness.The brain gains perceptive awareness upn "creating" thughts in a cntinuus cyclic prcess，and if yu were very "intelligent" but culd nt generate thughts，yu culd nt be an intellectual being.Hwever，ne wh is alive can never stp thinking，s the crrelatin f IQ and genius wuld bjectively appear as a negative expnential functin.
There are few exceptinally creative peple ut there，just as there are few exceptinally intelligent peple，and ne des nt ccur with the ther.Pssessing a high level f intelligence is a platfrm f understanding fr the creative thinking skills t make up riginality.When ne bears infrmal thinking skills，they typically ccupy heightened intuitive awareness，and vivid imaginative qualities.Critical thinking skills allw ne t make sense f the resultant creative utput within its surrunding cntext f knwledge.
Hwever，nt all "geniuses" frm ur subjective intelligence range necessarily have high levels f creativity.One's level f intelligence can be s high that their platfrm f understanding generalizes ideas where a genius with lwer levels f intelligence must use creativity in rder t attain a srt f qualitative equivalence.Examples f peple like this thrughut histry include the likes f Jhn vn Neumann and Christpher Langan.__________
【答案】High IQ des nt guarantee creative genius.While a higher IQ may increase the prbability f being a genius，creativity is the primary factr.IQ measures cmprehensin，while creativity measures its applicatin.Nt all high IQ individuals are exceptinally creative.The crrelatin between IQ and genius fllws a negative expnential functin.Sme high IQ individuals lack exceptinal creativity.
【分析】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了高智商和创造力之间的关系。
高分句型一：While a higher IQ may increase the prbability f being a genius，creativity is the primary factr.
译文：虽然更高的智商可能会增加成为天才的可能性，但创造力是首要因素。
分析：这句话使用了while引导的让步状语从句。
高分句型二：IQ measures cmprehensin，while creativity measures its applicatin.
译文：智商衡量理解力，而创造力衡量应用力。
分析：这句话使用了while表示对比，意为"然而"。
【解答】High IQ des nt guarantee creative genius. （高智商并不能保证有创造力）While a higher IQ may increase the prbability f being a genius，creativity is the primary factr.【高分句型一】（创造力是首要因素） IQ measures cmprehensin，while creativity measures its applicatin. 【高分句型二】（两者的区别）Nt all high IQ individuals are exceptinally creative. （并不是所有高智商的人都特别有创造力）The crrelatin between IQ and genius fllws a negative expnential functin. （两者的联系）Sme high IQ individuals lack exceptinal creativity.（一些高智商的人缺乏非凡的创造力。）
【点评】概要写作，简言之就是对所读过的文章简要概括，写出文章的中心大意，也可称之为摘要。写概要时，读者要是把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句表述出来，而不是抄袭文章的原句，更不是把细节性信息作为中心，而是要通过对文章中的单词、词组和句子进行合理转换，对文章的具体信息进行概括，再用合适的语言表述出来。这一题型主要考查学生对文章主旨大意的概括和准确获取关键词的能力，同时考查学生用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。因此，概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达，是二者的有机结合体，是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。
V. Translatin Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
22．妈妈忘了两天前刚给邻居买过黄瓜。 Mther frgt having just bught sme cucumbers fr her neighbr tw days ag./Mther frgt buying sme cucumbers fr her neighbr just tw days ag. （frget）（汉译英）
【答案】Mther frgt having just bught sme cucumbers fr her neighbr tw days ag./Mther frgt buying sme cucumbers fr her neighbr just tw days ag.
【分析】妈妈忘了两天前刚给邻居买过黄瓜。
【解答】两天前刚just tw days ag，为时间状语，这里时态应为一般过去时，谓语动词为frget"忘记"，应用过去式frgt，"忘记做过某事"为frget ding sth或frget having dne。所以本句可以翻译为Mther frgt having just bught sme cucumbers fr her neighbr tw days ag./Mther frgt buying sme cucumbers fr her neighbr just tw days ag.
故填：Mther frgt having just bught sme cucumbers fr her neighbr tw days ag./Mther frgt buying sme cucumbers fr her neighbr just tw days ag.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
23．每逢节假日，我们都会去郊区露营，为的就是享受悠闲惬意的生活。 （During）every hliday/ （On） every hliday，we always g/will g camping in the suburbs s that we can enjy a leisurely cmfrtable/relaxing and cmfrtable life. （s that）（汉译英）
【答案】（During）every hliday/ （On） every hliday，we always g/will g camping in the suburbs s that we can enjy a leisurely cmfrtable/relaxing and cmfrtable life.
【分析】每逢节假日，我们都会去郊区露营，为的就是享受悠闲惬意的生活。
【解答】"每逢节假日"可以用介词during或n+every hliday也可以直接用every hliday表示，"我们都会去郊区露营"中"我们"是主语we，"会去"可以用一般现在时或一般将来时，"露营 "g camping，"在郊区"in the suburbs，介词短语作地点状语；s that引导目的状语从句，从句中主语是"我们"we，谓语是"可以享受"can enjy，"享受……生活" enjy a ，"悠闲惬意的"可以用 leisurely cmfrtable或relaxing and cmfrtable 表示。
故翻译为：（During）every hliday/ （On） every hliday，we always g/will g camping in the suburbs s that we can enjy a leisurely cmfrtable/relaxing and cmfrtable life.
【点评】汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，按照适当的语序来翻译。
24．切莫苛求运动强度和频率，细水长流才能见效。（a difference） Dn't demand the intensity and frequency f exercise，and perseverance can make a difference.
【答案】Dn't demand the intensity and frequency f exercise，and perseverance can make a difference.
【分析】切莫苛求运动强度和频率，细水长流才能见效。
【解答】切莫苛求Dn't demand，用祈使句的否定表达，句首单词的首字母要大写；运动强度和频率the intensity and frequency f exercise；并列连词and连接两个句子，"细水长流"可理解为"坚持"，英文是perseverance，make a difference"有影响，起到作用"，为动词短语。
故填：Dn't demand the intensity and frequency f exercise，and perseverance can make a difference.
【点评】考查汉译英，注意汉英之间的差异，汉语与英语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示进行翻译，使句意更通顺。
25． 这条运河历经数百年才修建而成，如今虽无昔日繁荣之景，但仍然是横跨东西的重要水路。（） Althugh this canal，which tk hundreds f years t be cnstructed，is n lnger as prsperus as it used t be，it is still an imprtant waterway running frm the east t the west.
【答案】Althugh this canal，which tk hundreds f years t be cnstructed，is n lnger as prsperus as it used t be，it is still an imprtant waterway running frm the east t the west.
【分析】这条运河历经数百年才修建而成，如今虽无昔日繁荣之景，但仍然是横跨东西的重要水路。
【解答】这条运河历经数百年才修建而成this canal，which tk hundreds f years t be cnstructed，可用which引导的非限制性定语从句来修饰主语canal；和……一样……，为固定短语，althugh引导让步状语从句，如今虽无昔日繁荣之景Althugh this canal is n lnger as prsperus as it used t be，句首单词的首字母要大写；但仍然是横跨东西的重要水路it is still an imprtant waterway running frm the east t the west，running为现在分词作后置定语修饰waterway。
故填：Althugh this canal，which tk hundreds f years t be cnstructed，is n lnger as prsperus as it used t be，it is still an imprtant waterway running frm the east t the west.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
VI.GuidedWritingDirectins：WriteanEnglishcmpsitinin120-l50wrdsaccrdingttheinstructinsgivenbelwinChinese.
26．假使你是明启中学的高三学生李华，你的学校正在组织"走进历史"主题活动，拟从三个活动形式里选择一个：走访老战士、表演历史剧和制作短视频。学校正在向全体师生征求建议。必须包含：
（1）你的选择；
（2）你的理由。
【答案】Dear Mr.A，
I am Li Hua，a student f Senir Three.Knwing ur schl is sliciting advice abut the activity with the theme f revisiting the histry ，I am writing t recmmend "histry play" as the main activity instead f visiting ld sldiers r making shrt vides.
First f all，it is a better way t knw abut the histrical events vividly by maximum students engagement rather than printed text and phts.Thrugh the invlvement students culd efficiently remember histrical facts instead f merely reciting them frm bks r PPTs.Secndly，by appreciating the heric plts in the stage，students wuld cmprehend the hard﹣wn achievements f revlutin deeply.In additin，students can further recgnize the backgrund，analyze the cause and evaluate the effect after the whle prcess f histrical rehearsal.Mst imprtant f all，the excellent stries f natinal heres and herines will be imprinted in students' mind and stimulate their natinal pride and cnfidence，and even prmte their devtin t a better future f ur cuntry.
I d hpe that my suggestins will be taken int cnsideratin.
Yurs truly，
Li Hua
【分析】高分句型一
Knwing ur schl is sliciting advice abut the activity with the theme f revisiting the histry ，I am writing t recmmend "histry play" as the main activity instead f visiting ld sldiers r making shrt vides.
翻译：我知道我们学校正在就这次以走进历史为主题的活动征求意见，所以我写信推荐"表演历史剧"作为主要活动，而不是去看望老兵或制作短视频。
分析：句子里，现在分词Knwing ur schl is sliciting advice abut the activity with the theme f revisiting the histry作原因状语。
高分句型二
I d hpe that my suggestins will be taken int cnsideratin.
翻译：我确实希望我的建议能得到考虑。
分析：句子里，助动词d强调谓语动词hpe；that引导宾语从句my suggestins will be taken int cnsideratin。
【解答】Dear Mr.A，
I am Li Hua，a student f Senir Three.Knwing ur schl is sliciting advice abut the activity with the theme f revisiting the histry ，I am writing t recmmend "histry play" as the main activity instead f visiting ld sldiers r making shrt vides.【高分句型一】（自己的选择）
First f all，it is a better way t knw abut the histrical events vividly by maximum students engagement rather than printed text and phts.Thrugh the invlvement students culd efficiently remember histrical facts instead f merely reciting them frm bks r PPTs.Secndly，by appreciating the heric plts in the stage，students wuld cmprehend the hard﹣wn achievements f revlutin deeply.In additin，students can further recgnize the backgrund，analyze the cause and evaluate the effect after the whle prcess f histrical rehearsal.Mst imprtant f all，the excellent stries f natinal heres and herines will be imprinted in students' mind and stimulate their natinal pride and cnfidence，and even prmte their devtin t a better future f ur cuntry.（理由）
I d hpe that my suggestins will be taken int cnsideratin.【高分句型二】（表达希望）
Yurs truly，
Li Hua
【点评】写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意"参考词汇"的提示作用）。（1）
A.undertaking
B.discvering
C.disliking
D.unflding
（2）
A.depending n
B.hlding up
C.taking ver
D.arranging fr
（3）
A.appliances
B.substances
C.disturbances
D.finances
（4）
A.n the cntrary
B.at a lss
C.at dawn
D.n n accunt
（5）
A.perseverance
B.cmplexity
C.hesitatin
D.bligatin
（6）
A.intended
B.attended
C.pretended
D.extended
（7）
A.interest
B.experience
C.advantage
D.functin
（8）
A.architecture
B.purpse
C.cmpletin
D.randm
（9）
A.annying
B.striking
C.entertaining
D.embarrassing
（10）
A.ppresses
B.recycles
C.highlights
D.mtivates
（11）
A.danger
B.anxiety
C.figure
D.sculpture
（12）
A.bthering
B.inspecting
C.searching
D.accmplishing
（13）
A.idea
B.chance
C.basis
D.feedback
（14）
A.feasible
B.credible
C.cnsiderable
D.available
（15）
A.well﹣matched
B.well﹣defined
C.well﹣bred
D.well﹣perceived
A.But studying the chimpanzees f Gmbe was nt easy.
B.Until that time，nly humans were thught t create tls.
C.These bservatins disprve the widely held belief that chimpanzees are vegetarian.
D.S she learns t be a secretary and wrks fr a time at Oxfrd University typing dcuments.
E.Hwever，Jane lves the ty and names the chimpanzee Jubilee，carrying it with her everywhere.
F.Sme schlars and scientists give Jane a cld receptin and criticise her fr giving the chimpanzees names.
I. Listening Cmprehensin Sectin A Directins:In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1．A.A bx f cupcakes.
B.A sup spn.
C.A packet f sugar.
D.A cup f cffee.
【答案】C
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
2．A.Wrried.
B.Excited.
C.Interested.
D.Crazy.
【答案】A
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
3．A.Giving awards t students.
B.Buying a gift fr his sn.
C.Selling new tys t custmers.
D.Interviewing t becme a train driver.
【答案】B
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
4．A.She shuldn't g ut with a ntebk.
B.She shuld have been mre careful and she can nly blame herself.
C.She shuld pay attentin t the ntebk n the bench.
D.She shuldn't take the lss f her ntebk t heart.
【答案】B
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
5．A.Their travel plan in the city.
B.Their exhibitin in the gallery.
C.Their experience in the memrial hall.
D.Their jurney in the city map.
【答案】A
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
6．A.She is a chess teacher.
B.She is indifferent t her chess prgress.
C.She signed up fr the chess game.
D.She hasn't tuched the chessbard fr a lng time.
【答案】C
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
7．A.The light settings.
B.The stage backgrund.
C.The perfrmance style.
D.The stryline.
【答案】D
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
8．A.The pen﹣air mvie in the frest park.
B.The flwer shw in the frest park.
C.The clsing perfrmance f sprts meeting.
D.The pening perfrmance f the frest park.
【答案】B
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
9．A.Kate is a scial phbic （恐惧的） patient.
B.Kate's distinct persnality is nrmal.
C.Kate ften lses her temper with her classmates.
D.Kate's strange persnality affects her daily life.
【答案】B
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
10．A.He needs t fix the budget f the htel.
B.He must get t Beijing n time.
C.He can stay at her parents' huse.
D.He wants t visit his parents in Beijing.
【答案】C
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
Sectin B Directins:In Sectin B, yu will hear tw passages and ne lnger cnversatin. After each passage r cnversatin, yu will be asked several questins. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questin will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
11．A.Abut 1，400.
B.Abut 3，000.
C.Abut 1，900.
D.Abut 2，000.
12．A.It has a lng histry.
B.It has nt yet achieved cmmercial success.
C.It nly sells fruit at its stall.
D.It started frm nthing.
13．A.The success stry f Kitten Cffee.
B.The histry f Everbrwn.
C.The secret f business success.
D.The advantages f diversified prducts.
【答案】B D A
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
14．A.It needs scissrs t be pened fr use.
B.It has launched mre than 30 prducts.
C.It is material﹣efficient and envirnmentally friendly.
D.Its reputatin amng sellers is very pr.
15．A.It has put frward effective initiatives.
B.It has reached the peak f prduct upgrading.
C.It has ffered a wide range f prducts.
D.It nly intrduces the prduct thrugh vide clips.
16．A.Diversified design f packaging materials.
B.Wrking hard t prmte prduct develpment.
C.Innvative initiatives f e﹣cmmerce pineers.
D.A new way f packaging：that's frustratin﹣free.
【答案】C C D
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
17．A.The man's trip in Paris as an exchange student.
B.The man's accmmdatin in Paris as an exchange student.
C.The man's curse plan in Paris as an exchange student.
D.The man's daily diet in Paris as an exchange student.
18．A.The talent apartment utside the schl is cheaper.
B.The hst family is willing t prvide him with accmmdatin.
C.The rmmate has shared an apartment with him.
D.The schl desn't have an n﹣campus drmitry fr exchange students.
19．A.He may want t visit famus scenic spts.
B.He may have a tight schedule.
C.He may want his family t accmpany him.
D.He may need a chauffeur t take him t schl.
20．A.He likes t finish the experiment with his classmates.
B.He wants t split the rent t save mney.
C.He hpes t have the same schedule with his rmmate.
D.He just wants t hitchhike （搭顺风车） t class.
【答案】B D B C
【分析】详见高考英语听力试题文字稿
2022年高考英语听力试题文字稿
Sectin A
Directins:In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1. M:I'm baking cupcakes, but I've run ut f sugar. Wuld yu please spare me a spnful?
W:Sure, I'll fetch yu a packet.
Q:What will the wman ffer t the man?
A packet f sugar.
2. W:Haven't seen the dg fr tw days. I dn't knw if anything terrible has happened t it.
M:We'd better prepare fr the wrst.
Q:Hw des the wman mst prbably feel?
Wrried.
3. M:Can yu recmmend smething that a schlby f seven r eight will really like?
W:I'd suggest this ty train, sir. This new brand is ppular these days.
Q:What is the man mst prbably ding?
Buying a gift fr his sn.
4. M:I put my ntebk n the bench a while ag, but nw it's gne.
W: Well, yu shuld have kept an eye n it.
Q:What des the man imply abut the wman?
The wman shuld have been mre careful and she can nly blame herself.
5. W:As yu can see frm the city map, the gallery is t far away frm here. We dn't have enugh time t g there.
M:Hw abut the Memrial Hall nearby? I heard it's breathtaking.
Q:What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
Their travel plan in the city.
6. M: Linda, yu'll have yur chess game tmrrw. Yu'd better stay at hme t d mre practice.
W: Dad, it was yesterday.
Q:What d we learn abut Linda frm the cnversatin?
She had her chess game yesterday. / She is a chess player. / She signed up fr the chess game.
7. W: Charles, what d yu think f the stage play?
M: The stryline fascinates me a lt, yet the lighting and setting still need imprving, let alne the music.
Q:Which aspect f the stage play des the man like?
The stryline.
8. M: The flwer shw in the frest park clses tday. D yu want t jin me fr the last chance?
W: Gd idea. Um, the mvie can wait.
Q: Where is the wman mst prbably ging?
The flwer shw in the frest park.
9. W: I can't get n well with my rmmate, Kate. She's s weird.
M: Well, she's just different. After all, diversity is a fact f life.
Q:What des the man imply?
Kate’s being distinct frm thers is nrmal.
10. M: I'm ging t Beijing next week, but I haven't fund a htel within my budget.
W: Why bther? My parents can put yu up fr a cuple f days.
Q:What des the wman mean?
He can stay at her parents’ huse.
Sectin B
Directins:In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne lnger cnversatin. After each passage r cnversatin, yu will be asked several questins. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
Everbrwn is a small twn with a histry f 1400 years. Each summer, the 300 ht springs nearby attract abut 40000 turists. Fr the rest f the year, it is hme t just 3000 peple. It is nt the kind f place yu'd expect t findKitten Cffee, a famus fd cmpany. After university in 1992, Miss Rsemary, funder f the cmpany, wanted nthing mre than t live in a small twn. With jbs hard t cme by in Everbrwn, she and her husband had t mve int a cabin with n electricity r running water, and began t run a fruit stand specifically fr turists during the summer mnths. They quickly realized that they needed t set up a business that culd be successful all year rund. In 1996, they began rasting cffee beans in their garage, giving the business the name Kitten Cffee. As sales quickly tk ff, it sn became apparent that their prduct was ging t be better knwn than the twn frm which it came. Since then, Kitten Cffee has becme ne f the biggest success stries. Its special image f a brwn kitten appears in grcery stres and cafés acrss the cuntry.
Questins:
11. What is the ppulatin f the twn Everbrwn?
Abut 3,000.
12. What can be learned abut the cmpany?
It started frm nthing / in a garage. / It’s better knwn than the twn. / It’s ne f the biggest success stries.
13. What is the talk mainly abut?
Hw the businessKitten Cffee has becme successful. / The success stry f Kitten Cffee.
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
Breaking thrugh tightly sealed packaging can exhaust and frustrate yu. Five years ag, as a pineer in e-cmmerce, we set up a team and annunced a multi-year initiative t reduce yur frustratin. We named it ‘Keep It Simple’ packaging r ‘KIS’ packaging fr shrt. At that time we made an intrductin vide and gt a great many cmments like this: “The ld packaging tk scissrs and sweat t pen. The new way is perfect.” Since the launch five years ag, ur KIS team has wrked hard. We launched with 29 prducts. Tday we ffer mre than 300,000 different prducts in KIS packaging, and they’ve been rdered mre than 85 millin times. In additin t being frustratin-free, this packaging is als better fr the envirnment﹣n clear plastic materials and it’s smaller. KIS packaging has s far eliminated ver 27.4 millin punds f packaging material. We still have further t g n this initiative and we’ll keep after it. We want t say thank yu t the millins f custmers and thusands f sellers wh have supprted us n this jurney s far. If yu’d like t share yur feedback and suggestins with us this hliday seasn, yu can reach us anytime at ur website. Yur cmments are the driving frce behind hundreds f packaging imprvements every year.
Questins:
14. What can be learned abut KIS packaging?
It makes packages simple t pen. / It is material-efficient and envirnmentally friendly. / It has been hugely ppular amng custmers and sellers.
15. What has the KIS team dne s far?
It has ffered a wide range f prducts.
16. What is the speaker mainly talking abut?
A new way f packaging that’s frustratin-free.
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
W: Hey, Steven! I heard yu are ging t Paris as an exchange student, but yu dn’t seem excited.
M: The schl desn’t have an n-campus drmitry fr exchange students. I’m thinking f renting an apartment.
W: Gd idea!
M: But the places clse t campus are expensive, and the affrdable nes are t far.
W: Can’t yu take buses?
M: Smetimes I have t stay n campus late fr tns f labratry wrk and assignments after buses stp running.
W: Hmm…That’s a pint fr being clse t campus. Why nt find a hme stay family?
M: Yu mean living with a lcal family?
W: Yeah, yu get yur meals as well.
M: But the prblem is my schedule. I might nt be able t have dinner at usual time. And I may wake peple up when I cme back late.
W: That’s true.
M: Nw my nly hpe is t find a rmmate. Tgether, we can affrd a place clse enugh t the schl.
W: But yu may have different schedules. Yu culd wake up yur rmmate as well.
M: I hpe I can find ne amng my classmates. S we share the same schedule, and he might even give me a ride if he culd drive.
W: Brilliant.
(Nw listen again. )
Questins:
17. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
The man’s accmmdatin in Paris as an exchange student.
18. Accrding t the man, why des he have t live utside the campus?
Because the schl desn’t have an n-campus drmitry fr exchange students.
19. What des the man expect his life t be like in Paris?
He may be very busy. / He may have a tight schedule. / He may stay n campus late fr wrk and may nt be able t have dinner at usual time.
20. Why des the man want t chse a classmate as his rmmate?
Because they can share the same schedule and his classmate may give him a ride t campus.
II.GrammarandVcabulary↩SectinA↩Directins：Afterreadingthepassagebelw，fillintheblankstmakethepassagescherentandgrammaticallycrrect.Frtheblankswithagivenwrd，fillineachblankwiththeprperfrmfthegivenwrd；frthetherblanks，usenewrdthatbestfitseachblank.
14．
Hw t Start a New Business
An entrepreneur is a persn wh creates，launches，and begins a new business，typically in respnse t a market demand that has nt been met.Entrepreneurs are ften imaginative，self ﹣mtivated individuals wh develp full﹣time，successful，and sustainable businesses.Successful entrepreneurs frequently have relevant insights，expertise，and advice they may ffer aspiring entrepreneurs t aid （1） them n their respective paths.Interviewing entrepreneurs might prvide insight int the steps they tk （2） t achieve （achieve） success.Here is the interview f entrepreneur﹣related questins，and yu will find mre preparatins fr it.
Questin：Hw wuld yu describe an entrepreneur？
Answer：An individual wh establishes and expands their wn cmpany thrugh innvative strategies （3） is knwn （knw） as an entrepreneur.During the expansin f their cmpanies，entrepreneurs are respnsible fr several imprtant tasks in additin t cash generatin.An entrepreneur perceives a cmmercial need in their sciety， （4） develps （develp） an idea fr a business，and then takes the initiative t start their firm.Suppse a business idea des nt center n prducing a prduct that fills a gap in the （5） existing （exist） market.In that case，it mst ften centers n applying technical advancements t simplify the prcess f btaining a prduct r service.
Questin：Hw d entrepreneurs identify business prspects？
Answer：Entrepreneurs rutinely seek chances t expand r increase their cmpany's revenues.They determine which prduct t include and which market t enter.An entrepreneur shuld listen t prspective custmers and lk fr chances t build items that meet their demands.An entrepreneur can determine （6） what ther businesses in the area are ding and hw they succeed by cnducting a cmpetitive analysis.This technique may invlve cnducting a physical survey r reading industry﹣specific materials.Cnversatins with cnsumers als facilitate the identificatin f their frustratins and negative experiences， （7） which they may use t enhance a firm.
Questin：What makes an entrepreneur successful？
Answer： （8） As an entrepreneur，yu are bth yur manager and the manager f thers.T achieve success，yu must pssess a wide range f abilities.An entrepreneur must be able t manage peple，a budget，peratins，and in certain cases，investrs.It necessitates a wrk style （9） characterized （characterize） by multitasking and planning fr the firm's shrt﹣and lng﹣term gals. （10） A successful entrepreneur must be able t spend his time wisely，regularly analyzing and priritizing prjects based n their relevance and significance.It includes engaging in shrt﹣ and lng﹣term planning，ecnmic frecasts，and market research.
【答案】（1）them（2）t achieve（3）is knwn（4）develps（5）existing（6）what（7）which（8）As（9）characterized（10）A
【分析】本文是一篇采访，介绍了如何成为一名成功的企业家。
【解答】（1）考查代词：句意：成功的企业家通常有相关的见解、专业知识和建议，他们可以为有抱负的企业家提供帮助，帮助他们走上各自的道路。根据句意可知空处作aid的宾语，指的是上文提到的aspiring entrepreneurs，用them。故填them。
（2）考查不定式：句意：采访企业家可能会让你了解他们取得成功所采取的步骤。根据句子结构，企业家所采取的步骤是为了获得成功，所以这里应用动词不定式表目的。故填t achieve。
（3）考查动词时态和语态：句意：通过创新战略建立并扩大自己公司的人被称为企业家。be knwn as被认为是……，固定搭配；根据An individual可知此处的be动词是单数的，文章的时态为一般现在时，而且根据句子主语individual后的wh引导的定语从句，空格处的动词为谓语动词。故填入is knwn。
（4）考查动词时态：句意：企业家在他们的社会中发现了商业需求，发展出了一个商业想法，然后主动创办了自己的公司。此句的主语是An entrepreneur，该空是一个谓语动词，且与前面的perceives并列，时态还是一般现在时，主语是单数，动词使用第三人称单数。故填入develps。
（5）考查形容词：句意：假设一个商业想法的中心不是生产填补现有市场空白的产品。根据句子结构可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词market，表示"现存的"。故填existing。
（6）考查宾语从句：句意：企业家可以通过进行竞争分析来确定该地区的其他企业在做什么以及他们是如何成功的。根据后面的hw they succeed（他们是如何成功的）可以推测出这里要表达的意思是"其他企业在做什么"。故填what。
（7）考查非限制性定语从句。：句意：与消费者的对话也有助于识别他们的沮丧和负面体验，他们可能会利用这些来增强公司。此处考查的是定语从句，their frustratins and negative experiences在后面的从句中作宾语，属于事物。故填which。
（8）考查介词：句意：作为一名企业家，你既是自己的管理者，也是他人的管理者。后面的yu are bth yur manager and the manager f thers是个完整的句子，an entrepreneur为名词。结合语境，此处要表达的意思应是"作为一名企业家"。故填As。
（9）考查：句意：它需要种多任务处理和为公司的短期和长期目标规划的工作风格。根据句子的谓语动词necessitates判定空格处的提示动词为非谓语动词结构，而且由by可知，此处应用过去分词修饰名词词组a wrk style。故填characterized。
（10）考查冠词：句意：一个成功的企业家必须能够明智地利用他的时间，根据项目的相关性和重要性定期分析和优先考虑项目。此处泛指一名成功的企业家，且successful以辅音音素开头，使用不定冠词a修饰，句首单词首字母大写。故填An。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
SectinBDirectins：
15．A.pursuits B.interests C.cmparable D.innvatin E.schedule F.ptins G.realizatin H.rutes I.subjects J.recipes K.mtivated
Creativity Is a Human Quality That Exists in Us
When yu think abut creativity，it might be highly creative peple like Mzart，Da Vinci r Einstein wh spring t mind.They were all cnsidered t be "geniuses" fr their smewhat unique talents that led t glbal （1） D in their fields.Their type f creativity is what's knwn as "Big C creativity" （r histrical） and is nt very cmmn in everyday life.Nt all f us can create wrks f art r music r scientific theries that are new t the wrld.
But while we can't all be Mzart，Da Vinci r Einstein，many peple d enjy creative activity—thrugh hbbies such as water clur painting r playing the pian.And these types f （2） A are ften what peple think f when asked what being creative lks like.Our finished pieces may nt be （3） C with the likes f the great masters，but ften the prcess is therapeutic and the end result can be aesthetically pleasing.
On tp f hbbies and （4） B ，we all pssess creative attributes that can help as we slve life's prblems and make decisins.It is this type f creativity that enables us t plan different （5） H t get t the same destinatin，r hw t fit in a trip t the supermarket when ur （6） E lks full.
It might nt sund very creative，but this aspect f creativity relies n ur ability t cnsider （7） F and assess their suitability，as well as hw t make decisins based n persnal prir experience r what we have learnt frmally r infrmally.These examples are knwn as "Small C creativity" r "persnal everyday creativity".
While Big C creativity is valued and celebrated，it is ften Small C creativity that has allwed humans t flurish ver thusands f years.It sets us apart frm ther animals and it is als the type f creativity which can be fstered thrugh ur educatin system and beynd int the wrkplace.
Traditinally，research tells us that creativity has been largely assciated with the arts.Our previus research has shwn that teachers are ften able t give examples f creative activity in arts （8） I ，but find it harder t d s when asked t describe creativity in subjects such as science.
But there is a grwing （9） G that pprtunities t be creative are fund acrss a brader range f subjects.Fr instance，engineering prvides pprtunities t be Creative thrugh prblem slving，and histry gives the pprtunity t think creatively abut why events happened，and what （10） K thse invlved.
【答案】DACBH EFIGK
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了什么是创造力。
【解答】（1）考查名词。句意：他们都被认为是"天才"，因为他们的独特才能导致了他们所在领域的全球创新。空处被形容词glbal修饰，使用名词；根据句意可知此处用innvatin表示"创新"，不可数名词，故填innvatin。故选D。
（2）考查可数名词复数。句意：当被问及创造力是什么样子时，人们通常会想到这些类型的追求。空处作介词f的宾语使用名词，根据句意可知此处使用pursuit表示"追求"，由types f可知名词使用复数形式，故填pursuits。故选A。
（3）考查形容词。句意：我们完成的作品可能无法与大师的作品相提并论，但通常这个过程是有治疗作用的，最终的结果是令人赏心悦目的。空处作be的表语使用形容词，根据the likes f the great masters可知此处是指无法相比，be cmparable with与……可比较的，故填cmparable。故选C。
（4）考查可数名词复数。句意：除了爱好和兴趣，我们都有创造性的属性，可以帮助我们解决生活中的问题和做出决定。空处作介词f的宾语使用名词，根据hbbies可知此处是指兴趣，用interest，由句意可知名词使用复数形式，故填interests。故选B。
（5）考查可数名词复数。句意：正是这种创造力使我们能够计划不同的路线到达同一个目的地，或者当我们的日程安排看起来很满时，如何适应去超市的旅行。空处被形容词different修饰，应用名词；由get t the same destinatin可知此处是指路线，用rute，根据different可知名词使用复数形式，故填rutes。故选H。
（6）考查可数名词单数。句意：正是这种创造力使我们能够计划不同的路线到达同一个目的地，或者当我们的日程安排看起来很满时，如何适应去超市的旅行。空处作主语使用名词，根据lks full可知此处表示日程表，用schedule，由lks可知名词使用单数形式，故填schedule。故选E。
（7）考查可数名词复数。句意：这听起来可能不是很有创意，但创造力的这一方面依赖于我们考虑选择和评估其适用性的能力，以及如何根据个人之前的经验或我们正式或非正式学到的东西做出决定。空处作cnsider的宾语，使用名词，根据句意可知使用ptin表示"选择"，由句意可知名词使用复数形式，故填ptins。故选F。
（8）考查可数名词复数。句意：我们之前的研究表明，教师通常能够在艺术科目中给出创造性活动的例子，但当被要求描述科学等科目的创造力时，就很难做到了。空处作介词in的宾语使用名词，根据arts可知此处使用subject表示"科目"，且句意可知名词使用复数形式，故填subjects。故选I。
（9）考查可数名词单数。句意：但越来越多的人意识到，在更广泛的学科中都有发挥创造力的机会。根据there is可知空处使用名词作表语，由句意可知此处表示"意识"，用realizatin，根据a可知名词使用单数形式，故填realizatin。故选G。
（10）考查动词时态。句意：例如，工程学提供了通过解决问题来发挥创造力的机会，而历史则提供了机会来创造性地思考事件发生的原因，以及是什么激发了参与者。空处缺少谓语，由句意可知此处使用mtivate表示"激发"；由happened可知时态为一般过去时，动词使用过去式，故填mtivated。故选K。
【点评】如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如动词的人称数，时态，语态，固定短语；名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。
III.ReadingCmprehensinSectinADirectins：FreachblankinthefllwingpassagetherearefurwrdsrphrasesmarkedA，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
16． A filler wrd is an apparently meaningless wrd，phrase，r sund that marks a pause r hesitatin in speech.Als knwn as a pause filler r hesitatin frm.Sme f the cmmn filler wrds in English are um，uh，er，ah，like，kay，right，and yu knw.Althugh filler wrds "may have fairly minimal lexical （词汇的） cntent，" ntes linguist Barbara A.Fx， "they can play a strategic syntactic （句法的） rle in a（n）（1） D cnversatin".What appears t be a filler wrd may als be a hlphrase （整句字） （2） A the cntext. "Hey，hey，shh，shh，shh.Cme n.Be sensitive t the fact that ther peple are nt cmfrtable talking abut emtinal （3） C .Um，yu knw，I am，I'm fine with that， peple"."Mdern linguists led by Lenard Blmfield in 1933 call these 'hesitatin frms'—the sunds f stammering （uh），stuttering （um，um），thrat﹣clearing （ahem!），stalling （well，um，that is），interjected when the speaker is searching wrds r （4） B fr the next thught." Yu knw that y' knw is amng the mst cmmn f these （5） C frms.Its meaning is nt the imperius 'yu understand' r even the ld interrgatry 'd yu get it'？It is given as，and taken t be，merely a filler phrase， （6） A t fill a beat in the flw f sund，nt unlike like，in its new sense f，like，a filler wrd…
These staples f mdern filler cmmunicatin—I mean，y' knw，like—can als be used as 'tee﹣up wrds'.In lden times，pinter phrases r tee﹣up wrds were get this，wuld yu believe？and are yu ready？The （7） D f these rib﹣nudging phrases was—are yu ready—t make the pint，t fcus the listener's attentin n what was t the（8） B is t tee up a pint，we shuld accept y' knw and its friends as a mildly（9） A spken punctuatin，the articulated cln （冒号） that signals 'fcus n this'…If the purpse is t grab a mment t think，we shuld allw urselves t wnder：Why are filler phrases needed at all？What （10） D the speaker t fill the mment f silence with any sund at all？
Why d sme peple fill the air with nn﹣wrds and sunds？Fr sme，it is a sign f nervusness；they fear silence and experience speaker（11） B .Recent research at Clumbia University suggests anther reasn.Clumbia psychlgists guessed that speakers fill pauses when （12） C fr the next wrd.T investigate this（13） A ，they cunted the use f filler wrds used by lecturers in bilgy，chemistry，and mathematics，where the subject matter uses scientific definitins that limit the variety f wrd chices（14） D t the speaker.They then cmpared the number f filler wrds used by teachers in English，art histry，and philsphy，where the subject matter is less（15） B and mre pen t wrd chices.
【答案】DACBC ADBAD BCADB
【分析】这段短文主要讲述了填充词的定义和使用。填充词是在说话中标志着停顿或犹豫的似乎没有意义的词、短语或声音。一些常见的英语填充词有um、uh、er、ah、like、kay、right和yu knw。填充词在对话中可能起到战略句法作用。填充词也可以用作"准备词"，用于引起听者的注意力。填充词的使用可能是因为紧张或者为了寻找下一个词。
【解答】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.undertaking承担，从事；B.discvering发现；C.disliking不喜欢；D.unflding展开。句意：它们可以在展开的对话中扮演战略句法的角色。根据空后的cnversatin可知此处是指开展对话。故选D。
（2）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.depending n取决于；B.hlding up支撑；C.taking ver接管；D.arranging fr安排。句意：根据上下文的不同，看起来像是填充词的词也可能是一整个句子。根据空后the cntext可知此处是指取决于上下文。故选A。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.appliances家用电器，装置；B.substances物质；C.disturbances干扰；D.finances资产。句意：对其他人不愿意谈论情绪困扰的事实要敏感。根据空前peple are nt cmfrtable talking abut emtinal可知此处是指清晰困扰的事实。故选C。
（4）考查介词短语及语境理解。A.n the cntrary恰恰相反；B.at a lss不知所措；C.at dawn黎明时分；D.n n accunt无论如何不要。句意：当说话者正在寻找单词或不知道下一个想法时。根据空后fr the next thught可知此处是指不知道要说什么。故选B。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.perseverance毅力；B.cmplexity复杂性；C.hesitatin犹豫；D.bligatin义务，责任。句意：你知道y'knw是最常见的犹豫形式之一。根据上文call these 'hesitatin frms'可知此处指的是犹豫形式。故选C。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.intended计划，打算；B.attended参加；C.pretended假装；D.extended扩大。句意：它被认为是，也被认为是，仅仅是一个填充词，用来填补音流中的节拍，就像它的新意义上的like一样，是一个填充词……根据空后fill a beat in the flw f sund可知此处指的是用来填补。故选A。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.interest兴趣；B.experience经历；C.advantage优点；D.functin作用。句意：这些挑逗性的短语的作用是——你准备好了吗？——把听众的注意力集中在接下来的内容上。根据空后t make the pint，t fcus the listener's attentin n what was t fllw.可知此处是指这些短语的作用。故选D。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.architecture建筑设计；B.purpse目的；C.cmpletin完成；D.randm随意。句意：如果目的是为了提出一个观点，我们应该接受"知道"和它的朋友们作为一种稍微令人讨厌的口语标点符号，即表示"专注于此"的连音冒号。根据下文If the purpse is t grab a mment t think可知此处是指目的。故选B。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.annying使恼怒；B.striking打，撞；C.entertaining使快乐；D.embarrassing使尴尬。句意：如果目的是为了提出一个观点，我们应该接受"知道"和它的朋友们作为一种稍微令人讨厌的口语标点符号，即表示"专注于此"的连音冒号。根据空后spken punctuatin可知此处是指令人讨厌的标点符号。故选A。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.ppresses压迫；B.recycles回收；C.highlights强调；D.mtivates促使。句意：是什么促使说话者用声音来填补沉默的时刻？根据空后t fill the mment f silence with any sund at all可知此处是指促使说话者这样做。故选D。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.danger危险；B.anxiety焦虑；C.figure数字；D.sculpture雕像。句意：他们害怕沉默，会感到说话焦虑。根据空前it is a sign f nervusness可知此处是指说话焦虑。故选B。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.bthering烦扰；B.inspecting检查；C.searching搜索；D.accmplishing完成。句意：哥伦比亚大学的心理学家猜测，说话者在寻找下一个单词时，会填补停顿。根据空后the next wrd可知此处是指寻找下一个单词。故选C。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.idea观点；B.chance机会；C.basis基础；D.feedback反馈。句意：为了研究这一观点，他们统计了生物、化学和数学讲师使用填充词的情况，这些学科使用科学的定义，限制了说话者选择词汇的多样性。根据空前T investigate this可知此处是指研究这个观点。故选A。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.feasible可行的；B.credible可信的；C.cnsiderable相当大的；D.available可获得的。句意：为了研究这一观点，他们统计了生物、化学和数学讲师使用填充词的情况，这些学科使用科学的定义，限制了说话者选择词汇的多样性。根据空前T investigate this可知此处是指研究这个观点。根据空后t the speaker可知此处是指演讲者可以选择的词汇种类。故选D。
（15）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.well﹣matched配合得很好的；B.well﹣defined定义明确的；C.well﹣bred有教养的；D.well﹣perceived感知良好的。句意：然后，他们比较了英语、艺术史和哲学教师使用填充词的数量，这些学科的主题定义不那么明确，词汇选择更开放。根据空后mre pen t wrd chices可知此处是指定义没有那么明确。故选B。
【点评】做完形填空题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意前后对照，逐句精读，逐题分析选项。所有的答案选出之后，应再次通读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。
Sectin BDirectins：，B，CandD.Chsethenethatfitsbestaccrdingttheinfrmatingiveninthepassageyuhavejustread.
17． Cntemprary artist Nick Smith creates pixelated （像素化的） wrks with hand placed clur﹣chips，synnymus with clur swatches （色块），cleverly cmbining text and image t create interesting and fascinating cllaged （拼贴的） wrks.
With a previus career in Interir Design spanning 11 years，Nick references his cncept design backgrund thrughut his wrk，rewrking the design aesthetic using unique clur swatches in hand﹣made cllages，placing his wrk firmly in the fine art categry.Frm his first cllage experiment back in 2011 f Warhl's 'Marilyn'，when he assembled a tessellatin （镶嵌技术） f swatches as a challenge，this eventually inspired his career as an artist and determined his unique style he is nw knwn fr.
The multi﹣layered element f his wrk，which marries image and wrd，allws Nick t explre cmplex art﹣histrical cncepts.The text emplyed is ften narrative，which can be read in sequence adding anther element f intrigue and interest t the wrk.This additinal element f text，placed under the empty space f each swatch，creates either cmplimentary r subversive meanings.Nick deliberately leaves these wrd/image cnstructins pen t viewer interpretatin，sparking new debates and meanings.
Each P﹣series，such as Psyclurgy 2015，Purgatry 2019，explres cmplicatedly researched cncepts，which are always the crucial starting pint fr each new series f wrk.Prducing large﹣scale wrks t micr﹣chip cllages，and multiple sell ut print editins，Nick cntinues t develp his ppular and recgnisable art.
PSYCOLOURGY—January 2015 Lawrence Alkin Gallery，Lndn
Smith's debut sl exhibitin with Lawrence Alkin Gallery in Sh，Lndn，launched his unique visual rewrking f classic paintings frm the 20th Century cann.Universally knwn wrks，including David Hckney's 'The Bigger Splash'，Andy Warhl's 'Sup Cans' and Lenard da Vinci's 'Mna Lisa' were all recast，creating riginal cllages that enquire ideas f depictin，digitalisatin and recgnitin.A sell ut shw，with numerus successful subsequent print releases，Psyclurgy frged Smith's path t a place amng Britain's ntable cntemprary artists.
PURGATORY﹣ December 2019 Cntext，Art Miami
Purgatry is a shiny，sticky，glssy explratin f ur scieties attitude and apprach t ur excess，addictins and desires.
Excerpts frm Dante's Purgatry are wven thrugh clurful wrks depicting ppular cvetable cnsumables，creating symblic representatins f the seven sins.Dante explres pssible penance （忏悔） fr ur earthly suffering leading t spiritual grwth.The results f these pairings ffer a humrus，nstalgic and subversive pprtunity t questin ur chices，ur histry and ur future.
（1）What made Nick launch his art career？ C
A.His deep lve f fascinating cllaged wrks.
B.His first cllage wrk Warhl's 'Marilyn'.
C.The challenge f piecing a tessellatin f swatches.
D.The cllage experiment dating back t 2012.
（2）Which f the fllwing statements abut the text Nick uses is true？ C
A.His text cntains cncepts f art.
B.His text is usually illustrative.
C.His text can be read sequentially.
D.His text elements are very simple.
（3）What d we knw abut PSYCOLOURGY？ D
A.It pened Smith's unique visual reinventin f classic 21th﹣century paintings.
B.David Hckney's 'Mna Lisa' has been recreated by Lawrence Alkin Gallery.
C.The riginal cllages affirm the ideas f depictin，digitisatin and recgnitin.
D.It pened Smith's path t becming ne f Britain's leading cntemprary artists.
（4）What is the tpic f this passage？ D
A.Sme useful ways t create cllaged wrks.
B.The life f cntemprary artist Nick Smith.
C.Infrmatin abut Psyclurgy and Purgatry.
D.The intrductin t Nick Smith's wrks.
【答案】CCDD
【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了当代艺术家Nick Smith的创作风格和作品。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第二段Frm his first cllage experiment back in 2011 f Warhl's 'Marilyn'.when he assembled a tessellatin f swatches as a challenge，this eventually inspired his career as an artist and determined his unique style he is nw knwn fr（这是他在2011年第一次拼贴沃霍尔的作品《玛丽莲》。当他将色板镶嵌起来作为一项挑战时，这最终激发了他作为艺术家的职业生涯，并确定了他现在闻名的独特风格）可知，2011年，他在沃霍尔的作品《玛丽莲》中进行了第一次拼贴实验，当时他将色板镶嵌在一起作为挑战，这最终激发了他作为艺术家的职业生涯，并决定了他现在以独特的风格著称。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第三段The text emplyed is ften narrative，which can be read in sequence adding anther element f intrigue and interest t the wrk.（所使用的文本通常是叙事性的，可以按顺序阅读，为作品增添了另一种阴谋和兴趣元素。）可知，Nick Smith的文本通常是叙事性的，可以按顺序阅读，为作品添加另一个阴谋和兴趣的元素。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章第五段A sell ut shw，with numerus successful subsequent print releases Psychlgy frged Smith's path t a place amng Britain's ntable cntemprary artists.（一场售罄的展览，以及随后出版的许多成功的印刷版《心理学》，使史密斯跻身英国著名当代艺术家之列。）可知，"心理色彩"为史密斯开辟了通往英国著名当代艺术家之路。故选D。
（4）主旨大意题。根据整篇文章分析，文章一开始介绍了当代艺术家Nick Smith将文字和图像结合起来，创作出有趣和发人深省的拼贴作品，接下来主要介绍了他的作品的设计理念，最后描述了他的两个系列作品：Psychlgy和Purgatry，所以文章主要是介绍Nick Smith的作品。故选D。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
18． The scientific methd uses a series f steps t establish facts r create knwledge.The verall prcess is well established，but the specifics f each step may change depending n what is being examined and wh is perfrming it.The scientific methd can nly answer questins that can be prven r disprven thrugh testing.
Make an bservatin r ask a questin.The first step is t bserve smething that yu wuld like t learn abut r ask a questin that yu wuld like answered.These can be specific r general.Sme examples wuld be "I bserve that ur ttal available netwrk bandwidth drps at nn every weekday" r "Hw can we increase ur website registratin numbers？" Taking the time t establish a well﹣defined questin will help yu in later steps.
Gather backgrund infrmatin.
This invlves ding research int what is already knwn abut the tpic.This can als invlve finding if anyne has already asked the same questin.
Create a hypthesis.
A hypthesis is an explanatin fr the bservatin r questin.If prven later，it can becme a fact.Sme examples wuld be "Our emplyees watching nline vides during lunch is using ur internet bandwidth" r "Our website visitrs dn't see ur registratin frm."
Create a predictin and perfrm a test.
Create a testable predictin based n the hypthesis.The test shuld establish a nticeable change that can be measured r bserved using empirical analysis.It is als imprtant t cntrl fr ther variables during the test.Sme examples wuld be "If we blck vide﹣sharing sites，ur available bandwidth will nt g dwn significantly during lunch" r "If we make ur registratin bx bigger，a greater percentage f visitrs will register fr ur website than befre the change."
Analyze the results and draw a cnclusin.
Use the metrics established befre the test see if the results match the predictin.Fr example， "After blcking vide﹣sharing sites，ur bandwidth utilizatin nly went dwn by 10% frm befre；this is nt enugh f a change t be the primary cause f the netwrk cngestin" r "After increasing the size f the registratin bx，the percent f sign﹣ups went frm 2% f ttal page views t 5%，shwing that making the bx larger results in mre registratins."
Share the cnclusin r decide what questin t ask next：Dcument the results f yur experiment.
By sharing the results with thers，yu als increase the ttal bdy f knwledge available.Yur experiment may have als led t ther questins，r if yur hypthesis is disprven yu may need t create a new ne and test that.Fr example， "Because user activity is nt the cause f excessive bandwidth use，we nw suspect that an autmated prcess is running at nn every day."
（1）What is the imprtant rle f cllecting backgrund infrmatin？ A
A.Make full preparatin fr the research questins.
B.Understand the knwledge f existing research results.
C.Prvide evidence t refute the research cnclusin.
D.Encurage researchers t reflect deeply n their wrk.
（2）In which case wuld it be necessary t create a new hypthesis fr retesting？ B
A.The research hypthesis has been fully prved.
B.The research results lead t ther related issues.
C.The scpe f test data needs t be expanded again.
D.The backgrund investigatin is nt bjective enugh.
（3）What can we infer frm this passage？ D
A.Creating a questin will help yu in the fllwing step.
B.Cllecting infrmatin includes research n an unknwn subject.
C.The test shuld establish a change that cannt be measured easily.
D.Yu may need t create a new hypthesis if the ld ne is verturned.
【答案】ABD
【分析】这段短文主要介绍了科学方法的步骤和原则。科学方法通过一系列步骤来建立事实或创造知识，具体步骤可能因研究对象和研究者的不同而有所变化。科学方法只能回答那些可以通过测试来证实或证伪的问题。具体步骤包括观察或提出问题、收集背景信息、建立假设、进行预测和测试、分析结果并得出结论，以及分享结论或决定下一个问题。通过分享实验结果，可以增加可用的知识量。如果假设被证伪，可能需要创建新的假设并进行测试。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据Gather backgrund infrmatin.部分中的This invlves ding research int what is already knwn abut the tpic.This can als invlve finding if anyne has already asked the same questin.（这包括对已经知道的主题进行研究。这也包括发现是否有人已经问过同样的问题。）可知，
收集背景资料的重要作用是为研究问题做好充分的准备。故选A。
（2）根据根据最后一段Yur experiment may have als led t ther questins，r if yur hypthesis is disprven yu may need t create a new ne and test that.（你的实验可能还会导致其他问题，或者如果你的假设被证明是错误的，你可能需要创建一个新的假设并进行测试。）可知，如果研究结果引发了其他相关问题，需要再次进行假设。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段Yur experiment may have als led t ther questins，r if yur hypthesis is disprven yu may need t create a new ne and test that.（你的实验可能还会导致其他问题，或者如果你的假设被证明是错误的，你可能需要创建一个新的假设并进行测试。）可知，如果旧的假设被推翻，你可能需要创造一个新的假设。故选D。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
19． Business innvatin is an rganizatin's prcess fr intrducing new ideas，wrkflws，methdlgies，services r prducts.Like IT innvatin，which calls fr using technlgy in new ways t create a mre efficient and agile rganizatin，business innvatin shuld enable the achievement f gals acrss the entire rganizatin，with sights set n accmplishing cre business aims and initiatives.Innvatin ften begins with idea generatin，wherein ideas are narrwed dwn during brainstrming sessins，after which leaders cnsider the business viability，feasibility and desirability f each idea.Business innvatin shuld imprve n existing prducts，services r prcesses；r it shuld slve a prblem；r it shuld reach new custmers.Recent examples f business innvatin include the intrductin f the Dysn vacuum cleaner，whse creatr and namesake James Dysn declared in advertisements that he set ut t build a better prduct by applying industrial cyclne technlgies t the husehld appliance.
The purpse f the business innvatin prcess is t create value fr the rganizatin.That value can cme frm creating new revenue pprtunities r driving mre revenue thrugh existing channels；frm creating efficiencies that save time，mney r bth；r frm imprvements t prductivity r perfrmance.In shrt，innvatin shuld lead t higher prfits.Additinally，the results f an rganizatin's innvatin prcess shuld yield a cmpetitive advantage；it shuld help the rganizatin t grw and reach—r，better still，exceed—strategic bjectives.
Innvatin and inventin are clsely linked，but the tw terms are nt interchangeable.An inventin is an entirely new creatin.The prcess f business innvatin can prduce an inventin，but the term is brader in scpe and includes the applicatin f an existing cncept r practice in a new way，r applying new technlgy t an existing prduct r prcess t imprve upn it.T better understand the difference，cnsider this：The telephne is an inventin，but the smartphne is an innvatin.
Business innvatin can als be classified as either revlutinary r evlutinary.Revlutinary business innvatin yields a drastic change in a prduct，service，prcess，etc.，which ften destrys r supplants an existing business mdel.This is als knwn as radical innvatin.Evlutinary r incremental innvatin invlves smaller，mre cntinuus imprvements that，while imprtant，are nt drastic enugh t shift a cmpany r market int a new paradigm.Disruptive innvatin is a categry that emphasizes the destructive aspect f revlutinary innvatin；this term applies t business innvatin that leads t the creatin f a new market that displaces an existing ne r，similarly，a significant upheaval in a categry f prducts r services.
Business innvatin，like mst business initiatives，has bth benefits and risks.Organizatins shuld recgnize n the negative side that the business innvatin prcess can be a cstly undertaking that des nt always prduce a return n investment （ROI）；that ideas cnsidered likely t succeed culd still fail；and that stakehlders culd fight the changes required t be successful.On the ther hand，rganizatins need t weigh thse risks against the benefits f business innvatin.
（1）What des the underlined wrd in the first paragraph mean？ D
A.Persuasibility.
B.Scarcity.
C.Generality.
D.Practicability.
（2）What is the purpse f business innvatin？ A
A.Create value benefits fr the enterprise.
B.Refrm the management structure f enterprises.
C.Encurage staff t make mre inventins.
D.Upgrade the prduct perfrmance.
（3）Which f the fllwing is true abut innvatin and inventin？ D
A.They are essentially the same cncept.
B.They can replace each ther in the cntext.
C.They can bring huge cmmercial benefits.
D.They are clsely related but have different cnceptual scpes.
（4）What is the main cntent f this passage？ B
A.The precautins fr brainstrming meetings.
B.The cnsideratins fr business innvatin.
C.The difference between innvatin and inventin.
D.The revlutinary change in business innvatin.
【答案】DADB
【分析】这段短文主要讲述了商业创新的定义、目的和分类。商业创新是引入新的想法、工作流程、方法、服务或产品的组织过程。商业创新的目的是为组织创造价值，包括创造新的收入机会、提高效率、改进生产力或性能，并带来更高的利润。商业创新可以是革命性的，带来彻底的改变，也可以是渐进式的，通过连续的小改进来提升。商业创新既有好处也有风险，组织需要权衡这些风险与好处。
【解答】（1）词义猜测题。根据第一段Innvatin ften begins with idea generatin，wherein ideas are narrwed dwn during brainstrming sessins，after which leaders cnsider the business viability，feasibility and desirability f each idea.（创新通常始于想法的产生，在头脑风暴会议期间，想法被缩小，然后领导者考虑每个想法的商业可行性和可取性。）可知，viability指的是"可行性"。A.Persuasibility（可说服度）；B.Scarcity（稀缺性）；C.Generality（普遍性）；D.Practicability（可行性）。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段The purpse f the business innvatin prcess is t create value fr the rganizatin.（业务创新过程的目的是为组织创造价值。）可知，商业创新的目的是为企业创造价值效益。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段Innvatin and inventin are clsely linked，but the tw terms are nt interchangeable.（创新和发明是紧密联系在一起的，但这两个术语是不可互换的。）可知，创新和发明密切相关，但具有不同的概念范围。故选D。
（4）主旨大意题。通读全文及最后一段Business innvatin，like mst business initiatives，has bth benefits and risks. （商业创新，像大多数商业计划一样，既有好处也有风险。）和On the ther hand，rganizatins need t weigh thse risks against the benefits f business innvatin.（另一方面，组织需要权衡这些风险和业务创新的好处。）可知，本文主要是关于商业创新的相关概念及考量。故选B。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
SectinCDirectins：
20．
When Leakey and Jane begin a study f wild chimpanzees n the shre f Lake Tanganyika，British authrities resist the idea f a yung wman living amng wild animals in Africa.They finally agree t Leakey's prpsal when Jane's mther Vanne vlunteers t accmpany her daughter fr the first three mnths.
On July 14，1960，Jane and Vanne arrive n the shres f Gmbe Stream Chimpanzee Reserve in western Tanzania.
（1） A The animals fled frm Jane in fear.With patience and determinatin she searched the frest every day，deliberately trying nt t get t clse t the chimpanzees t sn.Gradually the chimpanzees accepted her presence.
Jane bserves meat﹣eating fr the first time Octber 30，1961.Later，she sees the chimpanzees hunt fr meat. （2） C
On Nvember 4，1961，Jane bserves David Greybeard and Gliath making tls t extract termites （白蚁） frm their munds.They wuld select a thin branch frm a tree，strip the leaves and push the branch int the termite mund.After a few secnds they wuld pull ut the termite﹣cvered stick and pick ff the tasty termites with their lips.
This becmes ne f Jane's mst imprtant discveries. （3） B On hearing f Jane's bservatin，Leakey famusly says： "Nw we must redefine tl，redefine man，r accept chimpanzees as humans."
Jane's wrk in Gmbe becmes mre widely knwn and in 1962 she is accepted at Cambridge University as a PhD candidate，ne f very few peple t be admitted withut a university degree. （4） F "It wuld have been mre scientific t give them numbers"，they say.
Jane has t defend an idea that might nw seem bvius：that chimpanzees have emtins，minds and persnalities.
Jane in AfricaNatinal Gegraphic decides t spnsr Jane's wrk and sends phtgrapher and filmmaker Hug van Lawick t dcument Jane's life in Gmbe.In August 1963，Jane publishes her first article in Natinal Gegraphic， "My Life Amng Wild Chimpanzees."
【答案】ACBF
【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了Jane在坦桑尼亚西部贡贝溪黑猩猩保护区的研究和发现。
【解答】（1）主题判断题。根据后句The animals fled frm Jane in fear.With patience and determinatin she searched the frest every day，deliberately trying nt t get t clse t the chimpanzees t sn.Gradually the chimpanzees accepted her presence（动物们在恐惧中逃离了简。她每天都带着耐心和决心在森林里搜寻，故意不过早地靠近黑猩猩。黑猩猩逐渐接受了她的存在），可知表示"但是研究贡贝的黑猩猩并不容易"的选项A可以作为本段的主题，介绍简研究贡贝黑猩猩的困难，故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据前句Jane bserves meat﹣eating fr the first time Octber 30，1961.Later，she sees the chimpanzees hunt fr meat（1961年10月30日，简第一次观察到食肉现象。后来，她看到黑猩猩在觅食肉食），可知表示"这些观察结果推翻了人们普遍认为黑猩猩是素食主义者的观点"的选项C可以承接前文，介绍简观察到黑猩猩食肉现象的意义，故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据前一段On Nvember 4，1961，Jane bserves David Greybeard and Gliath making tls t extract termites frm their munds...（1961年11月4日，简观察大卫•格雷伯德和歌利亚制作工具来提取白蚁）；以及前句This becmes ne f Jane's mst imprtant discveries（这成为简最重要的发现之一），可知表示"在那之前，只有人类被认为可以创造工具"的选项B可以承接前文，解释简这一发现的重要意义，故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据后句 "It wuld have been mre scientific t give them numbers"，they say（ 他们说，"给它们数字编号会更科学"），可知表示"一些学者和科学家不喜欢简，批评她给黑猩猩取名字"的选项F可以引出后句，介绍一些学者和科学家不喜欢简的原因，故选F。
【点评】这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
IV. Summary WritingDirectins： Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint（s） f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
21． Is there a crrelatin between high IQ and creative genius？Really，the phrasing f the questin cntradicts very much crrelatin，as "creativity" is in n way measured thrugh IQ standardized testing，and creativity is the greatest determinant f a genius as，like yu say，it is a genius.Innvatin upn any subject requires a drive t create.
As nes IQ increases ，there is an increased prbability that they are a genius because their level f creativity has a higher prbability f ascending （升高） them t genius level.Hwever if the dds are against them，there is an average prbability that they are a genius since they are average percent genius.This is because genius and IQ are cmpsed f different mental cnstructs as IQ measures a standard cmprehensin level，while creativity measures the way in which this cmprehensin is used.Fr example，if yur IQ is 180，the percentage that yu are a genius is subtracted by the amunt f creativity necessary t becme a genius.This is inductive f the influence that the brain has n awareness.The brain gains perceptive awareness upn "creating" thughts in a cntinuus cyclic prcess，and if yu were very "intelligent" but culd nt generate thughts，yu culd nt be an intellectual being.Hwever，ne wh is alive can never stp thinking，s the crrelatin f IQ and genius wuld bjectively appear as a negative expnential functin.
There are few exceptinally creative peple ut there，just as there are few exceptinally intelligent peple，and ne des nt ccur with the ther.Pssessing a high level f intelligence is a platfrm f understanding fr the creative thinking skills t make up riginality.When ne bears infrmal thinking skills，they typically ccupy heightened intuitive awareness，and vivid imaginative qualities.Critical thinking skills allw ne t make sense f the resultant creative utput within its surrunding cntext f knwledge.
Hwever，nt all "geniuses" frm ur subjective intelligence range necessarily have high levels f creativity.One's level f intelligence can be s high that their platfrm f understanding generalizes ideas where a genius with lwer levels f intelligence must use creativity in rder t attain a srt f qualitative equivalence.Examples f peple like this thrughut histry include the likes f Jhn vn Neumann and Christpher Langan.__________
【答案】High IQ des nt guarantee creative genius.While a higher IQ may increase the prbability f being a genius，creativity is the primary factr.IQ measures cmprehensin，while creativity measures its applicatin.Nt all high IQ individuals are exceptinally creative.The crrelatin between IQ and genius fllws a negative expnential functin.Sme high IQ individuals lack exceptinal creativity.
【分析】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了高智商和创造力之间的关系。
高分句型一：While a higher IQ may increase the prbability f being a genius，creativity is the primary factr.
译文：虽然更高的智商可能会增加成为天才的可能性，但创造力是首要因素。
分析：这句话使用了while引导的让步状语从句。
高分句型二：IQ measures cmprehensin，while creativity measures its applicatin.
译文：智商衡量理解力，而创造力衡量应用力。
分析：这句话使用了while表示对比，意为"然而"。
【解答】High IQ des nt guarantee creative genius. （高智商并不能保证有创造力）While a higher IQ may increase the prbability f being a genius，creativity is the primary factr.【高分句型一】（创造力是首要因素） IQ measures cmprehensin，while creativity measures its applicatin. 【高分句型二】（两者的区别）Nt all high IQ individuals are exceptinally creative. （并不是所有高智商的人都特别有创造力）The crrelatin between IQ and genius fllws a negative expnential functin. （两者的联系）Sme high IQ individuals lack exceptinal creativity.（一些高智商的人缺乏非凡的创造力。）
【点评】概要写作，简言之就是对所读过的文章简要概括，写出文章的中心大意，也可称之为摘要。写概要时，读者要是把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句表述出来，而不是抄袭文章的原句，更不是把细节性信息作为中心，而是要通过对文章中的单词、词组和句子进行合理转换，对文章的具体信息进行概括，再用合适的语言表述出来。这一题型主要考查学生对文章主旨大意的概括和准确获取关键词的能力，同时考查学生用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。因此，概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达，是二者的有机结合体，是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。
V. Translatin Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
22．妈妈忘了两天前刚给邻居买过黄瓜。 Mther frgt having just bught sme cucumbers fr her neighbr tw days ag./Mther frgt buying sme cucumbers fr her neighbr just tw days ag. （frget）（汉译英）
【答案】Mther frgt having just bught sme cucumbers fr her neighbr tw days ag./Mther frgt buying sme cucumbers fr her neighbr just tw days ag.
【分析】妈妈忘了两天前刚给邻居买过黄瓜。
【解答】两天前刚just tw days ag，为时间状语，这里时态应为一般过去时，谓语动词为frget"忘记"，应用过去式frgt，"忘记做过某事"为frget ding sth或frget having dne。所以本句可以翻译为Mther frgt having just bught sme cucumbers fr her neighbr tw days ag./Mther frgt buying sme cucumbers fr her neighbr just tw days ag.
故填：Mther frgt having just bught sme cucumbers fr her neighbr tw days ag./Mther frgt buying sme cucumbers fr her neighbr just tw days ag.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
23．每逢节假日，我们都会去郊区露营，为的就是享受悠闲惬意的生活。 （During）every hliday/ （On） every hliday，we always g/will g camping in the suburbs s that we can enjy a leisurely cmfrtable/relaxing and cmfrtable life. （s that）（汉译英）
【答案】（During）every hliday/ （On） every hliday，we always g/will g camping in the suburbs s that we can enjy a leisurely cmfrtable/relaxing and cmfrtable life.
【分析】每逢节假日，我们都会去郊区露营，为的就是享受悠闲惬意的生活。
【解答】"每逢节假日"可以用介词during或n+every hliday也可以直接用every hliday表示，"我们都会去郊区露营"中"我们"是主语we，"会去"可以用一般现在时或一般将来时，"露营 "g camping，"在郊区"in the suburbs，介词短语作地点状语；s that引导目的状语从句，从句中主语是"我们"we，谓语是"可以享受"can enjy，"享受……生活" enjy a ，"悠闲惬意的"可以用 leisurely cmfrtable或relaxing and cmfrtable 表示。
故翻译为：（During）every hliday/ （On） every hliday，we always g/will g camping in the suburbs s that we can enjy a leisurely cmfrtable/relaxing and cmfrtable life.
【点评】汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，按照适当的语序来翻译。
24．切莫苛求运动强度和频率，细水长流才能见效。（a difference） Dn't demand the intensity and frequency f exercise，and perseverance can make a difference.
【答案】Dn't demand the intensity and frequency f exercise，and perseverance can make a difference.
【分析】切莫苛求运动强度和频率，细水长流才能见效。
【解答】切莫苛求Dn't demand，用祈使句的否定表达，句首单词的首字母要大写；运动强度和频率the intensity and frequency f exercise；并列连词and连接两个句子，"细水长流"可理解为"坚持"，英文是perseverance，make a difference"有影响，起到作用"，为动词短语。
故填：Dn't demand the intensity and frequency f exercise，and perseverance can make a difference.
【点评】考查汉译英，注意汉英之间的差异，汉语与英语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示进行翻译，使句意更通顺。
25． 这条运河历经数百年才修建而成，如今虽无昔日繁荣之景，但仍然是横跨东西的重要水路。（） Althugh this canal，which tk hundreds f years t be cnstructed，is n lnger as prsperus as it used t be，it is still an imprtant waterway running frm the east t the west.
【答案】Althugh this canal，which tk hundreds f years t be cnstructed，is n lnger as prsperus as it used t be，it is still an imprtant waterway running frm the east t the west.
【分析】这条运河历经数百年才修建而成，如今虽无昔日繁荣之景，但仍然是横跨东西的重要水路。
【解答】这条运河历经数百年才修建而成this canal，which tk hundreds f years t be cnstructed，可用which引导的非限制性定语从句来修饰主语canal；和……一样……，为固定短语，althugh引导让步状语从句，如今虽无昔日繁荣之景Althugh this canal is n lnger as prsperus as it used t be，句首单词的首字母要大写；但仍然是横跨东西的重要水路it is still an imprtant waterway running frm the east t the west，running为现在分词作后置定语修饰waterway。
故填：Althugh this canal，which tk hundreds f years t be cnstructed，is n lnger as prsperus as it used t be，it is still an imprtant waterway running frm the east t the west.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
VI.GuidedWritingDirectins：WriteanEnglishcmpsitinin120-l50wrdsaccrdingttheinstructinsgivenbelwinChinese.
26．假使你是明启中学的高三学生李华，你的学校正在组织"走进历史"主题活动，拟从三个活动形式里选择一个：走访老战士、表演历史剧和制作短视频。学校正在向全体师生征求建议。必须包含：
（1）你的选择；
（2）你的理由。
【答案】Dear Mr.A，
I am Li Hua，a student f Senir Three.Knwing ur schl is sliciting advice abut the activity with the theme f revisiting the histry ，I am writing t recmmend "histry play" as the main activity instead f visiting ld sldiers r making shrt vides.
First f all，it is a better way t knw abut the histrical events vividly by maximum students engagement rather than printed text and phts.Thrugh the invlvement students culd efficiently remember histrical facts instead f merely reciting them frm bks r PPTs.Secndly，by appreciating the heric plts in the stage，students wuld cmprehend the hard﹣wn achievements f revlutin deeply.In additin，students can further recgnize the backgrund，analyze the cause and evaluate the effect after the whle prcess f histrical rehearsal.Mst imprtant f all，the excellent stries f natinal heres and herines will be imprinted in students' mind and stimulate their natinal pride and cnfidence，and even prmte their devtin t a better future f ur cuntry.
I d hpe that my suggestins will be taken int cnsideratin.
Yurs truly，
Li Hua
【分析】高分句型一
Knwing ur schl is sliciting advice abut the activity with the theme f revisiting the histry ，I am writing t recmmend "histry play" as the main activity instead f visiting ld sldiers r making shrt vides.
翻译：我知道我们学校正在就这次以走进历史为主题的活动征求意见，所以我写信推荐"表演历史剧"作为主要活动，而不是去看望老兵或制作短视频。
分析：句子里，现在分词Knwing ur schl is sliciting advice abut the activity with the theme f revisiting the histry作原因状语。
高分句型二
I d hpe that my suggestins will be taken int cnsideratin.
翻译：我确实希望我的建议能得到考虑。
分析：句子里，助动词d强调谓语动词hpe；that引导宾语从句my suggestins will be taken int cnsideratin。
【解答】Dear Mr.A，
I am Li Hua，a student f Senir Three.Knwing ur schl is sliciting advice abut the activity with the theme f revisiting the histry ，I am writing t recmmend "histry play" as the main activity instead f visiting ld sldiers r making shrt vides.【高分句型一】（自己的选择）
First f all，it is a better way t knw abut the histrical events vividly by maximum students engagement rather than printed text and phts.Thrugh the invlvement students culd efficiently remember histrical facts instead f merely reciting them frm bks r PPTs.Secndly，by appreciating the heric plts in the stage，students wuld cmprehend the hard﹣wn achievements f revlutin deeply.In additin，students can further recgnize the backgrund，analyze the cause and evaluate the effect after the whle prcess f histrical rehearsal.Mst imprtant f all，the excellent stries f natinal heres and herines will be imprinted in students' mind and stimulate their natinal pride and cnfidence，and even prmte their devtin t a better future f ur cuntry.（理由）
I d hpe that my suggestins will be taken int cnsideratin.【高分句型二】（表达希望）
Yurs truly，
Li Hua
【点评】写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意"参考词汇"的提示作用）。（1）
A.undertaking
B.discvering
C.disliking
D.unflding
（2）
A.depending n
B.hlding up
C.taking ver
D.arranging fr
（3）
A.appliances
B.substances
C.disturbances
D.finances
（4）
A.n the cntrary
B.at a lss
C.at dawn
D.n n accunt
（5）
A.perseverance
B.cmplexity
C.hesitatin
D.bligatin
（6）
A.intended
B.attended
C.pretended
D.extended
（7）
A.interest
B.experience
C.advantage
D.functin
（8）
A.architecture
B.purpse
C.cmpletin
D.randm
（9）
A.annying
B.striking
C.entertaining
D.embarrassing
（10）
A.ppresses
B.recycles
C.highlights
D.mtivates
（11）
A.danger
B.anxiety
C.figure
D.sculpture
（12）
A.bthering
B.inspecting
C.searching
D.accmplishing
（13）
A.idea
B.chance
C.basis
D.feedback
（14）
A.feasible
B.credible
C.cnsiderable
D.available
（15）
A.well﹣matched
B.well﹣defined
C.well﹣bred
D.well﹣perceived
A.But studying the chimpanzees f Gmbe was nt easy.
B.Until that time，nly humans were thught t create tls.
C.These bservatins disprve the widely held belief that chimpanzees are vegetarian.
D.S she learns t be a secretary and wrks fr a time at Oxfrd University typing dcuments.
E.Hwever，Jane lves the ty and names the chimpanzee Jubilee，carrying it with her everywhere.
F.Sme schlars and scientists give Jane a cld receptin and criticise her fr giving the chimpanzees names.
相关试卷
2023年高考英语试卷（上海）（秋考）真题及答案解析（含听力mp3）： 这是一份2023年高考英语试卷（上海）（秋考）真题及答案解析（含听力mp3），文件包含2023年高考英语试卷上海秋考解析卷docx、2023年高考英语试卷上海秋考空白卷docx、2023年高考英语试卷上海秋考听力音频mp3等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共61页， 欢迎下载使用。
2016年高考英语试卷（上海）（秋考）真题及答案解析（含听力mp3）： 这是一份2016年高考英语试卷（上海）（秋考）真题及答案解析（含听力mp3），文件包含2016年高考英语试卷上海秋考解析卷doc、2016年高考英语试卷上海秋考空白卷doc、2016年高考英语试卷上海秋考听力音频mp3等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共33页， 欢迎下载使用。
2015年高考英语试卷（上海）（秋考）真题及答案解析（含听力mp3）： 这是一份2015年高考英语试卷（上海）（秋考）真题及答案解析（含听力mp3），文件包含2015年高考英语试卷上海秋考解析卷doc、2015年高考英语试卷上海秋考空白卷doc、2015年高考英语试卷上海秋考听力音频mp3等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共55页， 欢迎下载使用。
