2023-2024学年云南省楚雄州高三（上）期末英语试卷

这是一份2023-2024学年云南省楚雄州高三（上）期末英语试卷，共12页。

1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、BCD四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Successful wildlife cnservatin ges hand in hand with cmmunity educatin and engagement. Vlunteers wrk with cmmunity leaders and schls t share their passin fr cnservatin and the envirnment.
Rhin Cnservatin in Zimbabwe
The prject is hme t an internatinally renwned Black Rhin Breeding and Release Prgramme which has supprted Zimbabwe’s rhin ppulatin since the mid 1980s. T date, 20 rhins have been brn at the cnservancy, with 12 rhins successfully released back int the wild. Vlunteers play a rle in securing the future f this nce-again endangered animal, wrking alngside anti-paching rangers (反偷猎护林员), wrking n rhin research prjects and getting invlved in the daily care f bth black and white rhin.
Our Rhin Cnservatin Prgramme is a unique hands-n pprtunity t get behind the scenes and experience day-t-day life n a private cnservancy, and be invlved with the prtectin and cnservatin f Zimbabwe’s endangered black rhin.
The aim f the prgramme is t assist the reserve’s established Black Rhin Breeding and Release Prgramme, cllect meaningful data and infrmatin relating t rhin and wildlife cnservatin and animal behaviur, and engage with the lcal cmmunity abut wildlife cnservatin.
Cheetah (猎豹) Cnservatin
In 2021, tw captive-brn male cheetah were intrduced t the cnservancy as part f an internatinal rewilding prgramme. The cheetah are nw free-wandering in the reserve, and vlunteers play an imprtant rle in mnitring and bserving their behaviur, tracking their mvements and recrding their hunting rate.
Vlunteer Wrk
Vlunteers cntribute t a lng-term cnservatin prject and get invlved with a variety f cnservatin activities:
·Wrk alngside rhins, cheetah and elephants
·Cnservancy management
·Wildlife mnitring
·Anti-paching patrls and snare sweeps
·Educate schl-children abut cnservatin, wildlife and the envirnment
·Learn abut what is invlved in running a cnservancy
1. What can we say abut Black Rhin Breeding and Release Prgramme?
A. Its wrk pays ff.B. It is limited t Zimbabwe.
C. It is hme t tw cheetah.D. It has a histry f 50 years.
2. What shuld be recrded abut the cheetah?
A. Their birth rate.B. Their hunting rate.
C. Their area f activity.D. Their sleep schedule.
3. Wh are likely t apply fr the vlunteer wrk?
A. Thse wh live utside Zimbabwe.
B. Thse wh prefer t wrk at hme.
C. Thse wh like engaging with animals.
D. Thse wh wuld like t make a frtune.
B
When trash sculptr Stephanie Hng meets friends fr drinks r dinner, it’s nt unusual fr ne f them t hand her shpping bags full f lids, empty sap bttles, and even a Barbie leg r tw. By nw, she’s used t neighbrs, friends and even strangers giving her their recyclable rejects.
But Hng desn’t need any mre garbage. She has a large cllectin f her wn at hme. “Yu dn’t need t be a trash picker t d this,” she says. “Trash is everywhere.” And fr Hng, where there is trash, there is art. Since 2017, Hng has crafted cmplex sea creatures, realistic-lking jungle animals and ther creatures ut f everything frm plastic frks t plastic tubing as well as a hair dryer, a purse, a tth brush, and even a hair straightener.
Starting with her first piece—a blue deer named Yand that she fashined ut f dds and ends laying arund her flat, which she screwed tgether and spray painted in a makeshift basement art studi—she’s gne n t create mre than 160 trash sculptures.
“I feel very frtunate,” says Hng, wh lves making a living as an artist. “I care abut ur envirnment. The upcycling aspect f it is a lvely byprduct.” Thugh she desn’t cnsider herself a true ec-artist, she hpes she’s inspiring thers t reuse items that usually end up in landfills. But fr her, she says, “The art cmes first.”
Befre starting each prject, Hng figures ut exactly what pieces f scrap (废旧的) metal, tubing and plastics she’ll need t transfrm the pile f junk n her wrktable int smething fantastic, like a majestic ctpus (章鱼) rcketing thrugh the cral r a cute kala hugging a tree.
Since her funky creatins sell n line at prices starting at $400, she’s been frtunate enugh t make trash sculpting her full-time career. “It’s s much mre than I ever expected,” she says.
4. Why des Hng say “Yu dn’t need t be a trash picker t d this”?
A. Because it is hard t pick trash.
B. Because there is trash everywhere.
C. Because her friends give her enugh.
D. Because she has a large cllectin f trash.
5. What des Hng expect thers t learn frm her art frm?
A. T enjy art.B. T cllect trash.
C. T trash sculptures.D. T recycle waste.
6. What des Hng d befre starting each prject?
A. Find enugh fantastic shapes t cpy.
B. Put away the things n her wrks.
C. Make ut what materials suit her wrks.
D. Figure ut what her pile f junk is made f.
7. Which f the fllwing can best describe Hng?
A. Creative and inspiring.B. Diligent and practical.
C. Helpful and generus.D. Humrus and determined.
C
With a fragrance (芳香) thrugh the bedrms f lder adults fr tw hurs every night fr six mnths, memries skyrcketed. Participants in this study by University f Califrnia, Irvine (UCI)neurscientists gained a 226% increase in cgnitive capacity cmpared t the cntrl grup. The researchers say the finding transfrms the lng-knwn tie between smell and memry int an easy, nn-invasive technique fr strengthening memry and ptentially preventing dementia (痴呆).
The prject was cnducted thrugh the UCI Center fr the Neurbilgy f Learning & Memry. It invlved men and wmen aged 60 t 85 withut memry impairment. All were given seven small cntainers, each cntaining a single and different natural il. Peple in the enriched grup received full-strength ils. Cntrl grup participants were given the ils in tiny amunts. Participants put a different cntainer int their rm each evening prir t ging t bed, and it activated fr tw hurs as they slept.
Peple in the enriched grup shwed a 226% increase in cgnitive perfrmance cmpared t the cntrl grup, as measured by a wrd list test cmmnly used t evaluate memry. Participants als reprted sleeping mre sundly. The researchers say the results frm their study bear ut what scientists learned abut the cnnectin between smell and memry.
Scientists have lng knwn that the lss f ability t smell, can predict develpment f nearly 70 neurlgical and psychiatric diseases. These include Alzheimer’s and ther dementias, Parkinsn’s and alchlism. Researchers have previusly fund that expsing peple with mderate dementia t up t 40 different smells twice a day ver a perid f time imprved their memries and language skills, eased depressin and imprved their sense f smell.
The team wuld next like t study the technique’s impact n peple with diagnsed cgnitive lss. A prduct based n their study and designed fr peple t use at hme is expected t cme nt the market this fall.
8. What field may the findings be applied t?
A. Cntrlling sleep.B. Explring smells.
C. Develping skills.D. Prmting memry.
9. What is paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. Research results.B. Research prcess.
C. Research methds.D. Research purpse.
10. Hw did researchers assess the perfrmance f the participants?
A. By giving the participants a test.
B. By scanning the participants’ brain.
C. By bserving the participants’ actins.
D. By asking abut the participants’ feeling.
11. What will the researchers fcus n in future?
A. Develping a smell prduct.
B. The impact f cgnitive lss.
C. Applicatin f research results.
D. Ding market research fr their prduct.
D
Researchers have prpsed a nvel methd fr cunting and tracking vehicles n public rads, a develpment that culd imprve current traffic systems and help travelers get t their destinatins faster.
Using the cameras already installed n campus buses at the Ohi State University, researchers prved that they culd autmatically and accurately measure cunts f vehicles n urban radways, detect bjects in the rad and distinguish parked vehicles frm thse that are mving.
In previus studies, Ohi State researchers fund that using these mbile cameras prvides much better spatial and tempral (时间的) cverage than relying n ften temprarily placed sensrs that dn’t prvide a view f many streets and rads in a city.
“If we cllect and prcess mre high-reslutin (高清的) spatial infrmatin abut what’s happening n the rads, then planners culd better understand changes in demand, effectively imprving efficiency in the brader transprtatin system,” said Keith Redmill, lead authr f the study.
“If we can measure traffic in a way that is as gd r better than what is cnventinally dne with fixed sensrs, then we will have created smething incredibly useful extremely cheaply,” he said. “Our gal is t start building a system that culd d this withut much manual interventin because if yu want t cllect this infrmatin ver lts f ptential vehicles and lts f time, it’s wrth fully autmating that prcess.”
While still a lng way frm ttal implementatin (实施), the study suggests the system’s results bear prmise fr the future f intelligent traffic surveillance. Transprtatin planners, engineers and peratrs make vital decisins abut the future f ur radways, s when designing transprtatin systems t wrk ver the next 30 t 50 years, it’s necessary that we give them data that allws them t imprve the efficiency f the system and the level f service prvided t travelers.
12. Hw can cameras n buses benefit travelers?
A. By shrtening their travel time.
B. By making their schedules tight.
C. By decreasing their transprt cst.
D. By imprving their safety awareness.
13. What can we knw abut the sensrs placed n buses?
A. They prvide mre spatial cverage.
B. They can’t detect bjects in the rad.
C. They cver less view f the urban traffic.
D. They accurately recrd the flw f traffic.
14. What des the underlined wrd “surveillance” in paragraph 6 mean?
A. Operatin.B. Arrangement.C. Prtectin.D. Mnitring.
15. What is a suitable title fr the text?
A. Transprtatin autmatin is n its way
B. It is time t imprve the efficiency f traffic system
C. Cameras installed n buses can better measure traffic
D. Transprtatin planners use cameras t make plicies
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Yur guide t a n-spend challenge
A n-spend challenge isn’t abut ttal deprivatin (剥夺) r freezing yur bank accunt. 16 . The mst cmmn frm f the challenge is t purchase nly necessities and restrain frm buying wants and impulse desires.
Assessing and priritising needs
Befre delving (深入探究) int the n-spend challenge, take the time t assess and differentiate yur essential needs frm yur wants. Identify recurring bills, necessary expenditures and essential items. Distinguish them frm free spending n nn-essential prducts and services. This initial step lays the fundatin fr a realistic and sustainable challenge. 17 .
Creating a realistic budget
A successful n-spend challenge is rted in the develpment f a well-crafted budget that reflects yur financial reality. 18 . Allcate specific amunts fr variable expenses such as grceries and bills, enhancing accuntability and prviding a clear radmap fr respnsible spending during the challenge.
Supprt system
19 . A firm supprt system that understands and respects yur financial gals creates a psitive envirnment, fstering mtivatin and slidarity. Share tips, experiences and celebrate milestnes tgether, turning the challenge int a shared jurney twards financial cnsciusness.
20
As yur challenge cncludes, take enugh time t reflect n the entire experience. What insights did yu gain int yur spending habits and pririties? Identify psitive changes yu want t maintain and integrate them int yur lng-term financial strategy.
The n-spend challenge is nt merely a temprary exercise; it serves as a catalyst fr enduring financial wellness. Embrace the jurney, learn frm the experience and watch as yur financial gals transfrm int realities.
A. Establishing lng-term habits
B. Understanding the n-spend challenge
C. It ensures that crucial aspects f yur life remain unaffected
D. Begin by utlining yur incme, fixed expenses and any upcming financial gals
E. Share yur cmmitment with friends and family, encuraging them t supprt yur effrt
F. The n-spend challenge serves as an pprtune mment t cultivate mindful spending habits
G. It represents a cnscius decisin t redirect yur financial fcus and cntrl yur spending habits
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was n my way t g t a jb interview when I was stpped by Officer Jenkins. When I 21 , bth f the brake lights went ut. Thinking that I was stpped fr a(n) 22 traffic check, I reached fr my driving license and registratin. I was even ready fr a(n) 23 .
As he 24 the car and saw I was pulling ut my stuff, he 25 said, “Dn’t wrry abut pulling anything ut. I just want yu t be 26 that yur brake lights are ut.” I was immediately 27 because I had just gt them replaced last mnth. I explained t him hw the garage mechanic wanted t 28 me $600 just t run a test n the wiring f the car.
He lked at me with a 29 and tld me t pp the trunk. With a simple tap here and a tap there, Jenkins managed t get the brake lights 30 again.
I was mved by his 31 . He culd have easily given me a ticket, but he stepped ut f 32 rle and int mechanic rle t make sure I was straight. His actin reminded me f the prfund impact a 33 act f kindness can have. It’s a call t recgnize thse wh g the 34 mile, wh d mre than what’s 35 f them.
21. A. pushed frwardB. pulled verC. cunted dwnD. chked up
22. A. rutineB. legalC. criminalD. urgent
23. A. quarrelB. eruptinC. ticketD. excuse
24. A. tackledB. suspendedC. inspectedD. apprached
25. A. immediatelyB. awfullyC. subsequentlyD. deliberately
26. A. infrmedB. awareC. inferredD. sure
27. A. thrilledB. delightedC. upsetD. panicky
28. A. chargeB. payC. fineD. award
29. A. styleB. flashC. smileD. symbl
30. A. cntractingB. cmpetingC. cperatingD. wrking
31. A. genersityB. kindnessC. guidanceD. discvery
32. A. engineerB. designerC. fficerD. citizen
33. A. fluentB. challengingC. suitableD. small
34. A. extraB. idealC. amazingD. hard
35. A. cnvincedB. requiredC. remindedD. expected
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A cllectin f tmbs dating frm the Han Dynasty t the Six Dynasties perid were discvered in Wulng District f Suthwest China’s Chngqing. The tmb dating back 36 the Western Han Dynasty was the mst imprtant amng them, and mre than 600 precius 37 (culture) relics such as lacquerware (漆器), wd ware, bamb ware, pttery and brnze ware were unearthed frm it. Due t 38 (fill) with water, the tmb remained undisturbed and unharmed, and the funerary bjects were well-preserved.
What is exciting abut this 39 (discver) is nt just the large number f unearthed artifacts but als the list f burial items that indicate a precise recrd f burial, 40 has been verified as 193 BC, 41 (prvide) clarity n the tmb’s date. A piece f unearthed jade ware shws the imprtant psitin f the tmb wner. The list f burial items fund in the tmb is cmplete and 42 (clear) recrds the name, quantity and size f the funerary bjects.
The tmb 43 (cntain) the largest quantity f lacquered wd and bamb ware ever fund at ne time in the upper 44 (reach) f the Yangtze River. Based n publicly available infrmatin, it is als the earliest tmb f the Western Han Dynasty fund in China with 45 clear recrded year.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，是校书法社的负责人，你得知你的交换生同学Amy对书法很感兴趣。请你给她发一封电子邮件，邀请她加入书法社，内容包括：
1. 介绍书法社的情况；
2. 发出邀请；
3. 期待回复。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As The Jungle Bk sng Bear Necessities ges, “frget abut yur wrries and yur cnflict” can be a little bit difficult when yu find yurself face t face with a real bear.
Bears are cmmn in the Nrthern Hemisphere. As human habitats stretch tward the wilderness, mre and mre animals crss their paths with thse f humans. This can lead t dangerus encunters especially when precautins are nt in place. In these situatins, keeping yur distance is still the best advice.
Accrding t the Natinal Park Service, ne shuld als remain calm as bears, mre ften than nt, are nt really willing t attack yu. Once in a standff (对峙), avid making sudden mves r lud nises as these can trigger aggressin. 7-year-ld Huxley did exactly what he was tld when he encuntered a massive bear.
It was a Sunny mrning. Huxley was wandering n his way hme when a big hulking (笨重的) figure emerges frm behind him. A hurried glance backward, he knew it was a black bear. The bear apprached cautiusly at first, prbably sizing up the figure in frnt f him. A secnd later, perhaps judging that Huxley was n match fr it, the bear burst int a full sprint (冲刺) and ran its way tward the by.
At first, Huxley was really frightened. Hwever, he knew it was impssible t run r fight with the big beast. In the mment f crisis, he remembered his mther reminds him regularly abut these pssible encunters. She tells him that if Huxley finds himself face t face with a bear and there are n adults arund, he shuld remain calm.
Huxley calmed dwn at thinking f this. He stared at the bear dwn withut any mvement. This might have been the reasn why the yung bear stpped dead in its tracks. They faced each ther mtinless, and there was nly a ft distance between them.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
楚雄州中小学2023—2024学年上学期期末教育学业质量监测
高三年级 英语参考答案
阅读：
1—3 ABC
A篇：本文是一篇应用文，介绍了两个保护野生动物的志愿项目及它们对志愿者的要求。
1. A【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，到目前为止，已经有20头犀牛在保护区出生，其中有12头犀牛被成功放回野外。由此可知该项目的工作卓有成效。
2. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，猎豹的猎食率需要被记录。
3. C【解析】推理判断题。本文介绍的两个志愿者活动是围绕保护动物展开的，所以喜欢与动物打交道的人可能会申请该志愿者工作。
4—7 BDCA
B篇：本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了艺术家Stephanie Hng如何将家庭垃圾变成生态友好的动物雕刻杰作。
4. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句和第四句可知，你不需要成为捡垃圾的人来做这件事，到处都是垃圾。
5. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句可知，她虽然不认为自己是一个真正的生态艺术家，但希望自己能激励其他人循环利用那些通常会被扔进垃圾填埋场的物品。
6. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段可知，在开始每个项目之前，Hng会弄清楚她需要哪些废旧的金属、管材和塑料才能将她工作台上的一堆垃圾变成神奇的东西。
7. A【解析】推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，Hng用废品制造出各种动物雕刻杰作，并希望激励人们学会循环利用。由此可知她是一个有创造力和鼓舞人心的人。
8—11 DBAC
C篇：本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，在6个月的时间里，保证每天晚上有两小时的时间使香味弥漫在老年人的卧室里，可以增强老年人的记忆。
8. D【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，研究人员表示，这一发现将气味和记忆之间的长期联系转变为一种简单、非侵入性的技术，可以帮助人们增强记忆，并有可能预防痴呆症。因此，该发现可能将用于改善记忆力的领域。
9. B【解析】主旨大意题。第二段介绍了参与者的身份和参与者被配发的设备，即介绍了研究的过程。
10. A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段和第三段第一句可知，研究人员通过测试来判断参与者的表现。
11. C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，研究小组下一步将研究该技术对诊断为认知丧失的人的影响。基于他们的研究，一款专为人们在家使用而设计的产品预计于今年秋天上市。故研究人员今后将聚焦于研究成果的应用方面。
12—15 ACDC
D篇：本文是一篇说明文。研究人员证明安装在校园公交车上的摄像头可以自动并准确地估量道路上的车辆数量，识别道路上的物体以及区分停放的车辆和行驶的车辆。
12. A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段可知，该方法可以让旅客缩短出行时间。
13. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段可知，之前使用的传感器无法提供城市中许多道路的视图。
14. D【解析】词义推测题。本文主要内容是公交车装摄像头，其作用肯定是“监视：监控”。
15. C【解析】主旨大意题。研究人员证明安装在校园公交车上的摄像头可以自动并准确地估量道路上的车辆数量，识别道路上的物体以及区分停放的车辆和行驶的车辆。故本文主要内容为利用公交车上的摄像头可以更好地估量交通状况。
16—20 GCDEA
七选五：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了无消费挑战的几个注意事项。
16. G【解析】根据上文“无消费挑战并不是完全剥夺你的财产或者冻结你的银行账户”可知，下文解释不花钱的概念。故选G项“它代表了一个有意识的决定去重新定位你的财务重点，控制你的消费习惯”。
17. C【解析】根据上文“这一初步步骤为现实和可持续的挑战奠定了基础”可知，此处继续说明这么做的好处（它能确保你生活的关键方面不受影响）
18. D【解析】根据上文“一个成功的无消费挑战根植于一个精心制作的预算的发展，这个预算反映了你的财务现实”可知，D项“从概述你的收入、固定开支和任何即将到来的财务目标开始”与之衔接紧密。
19. E【解析】根据小标题和下文“一个能理解和尊重你的财务目标的坚定的支持体系可以创造一个积极的环境，培养动力和团结”可知，此处E项“与朋友和家人分享你的承诺，鼓励他们支持你的努力”最符合语境。
20. A【解析】本段的主要内容：当你的挑战结束时，花足够的时间来反思整个经历，将你想要保持的积极变化整合到你的长期财务战略中。故A项“建立长期习惯”可以概括本段。
21—25 BACDA 26—30 BCACD 31—35 BCDAD
完形填空：本文是一篇记叙文。我在开车途中被Jenkins警官拦住了，我以为是例行检查。然而Jenkins警官却告诉我，我的刹车灯不亮了，并且给我修好了。
21. B【解析】考查动词短语。当我靠边停车时，两个刹车灯都不亮了。
22. A【解析】考查形容词。我以为自己被拦下来是为了例行的交通检查。
23. C【解析】考查名词。我甚至做好了接受罚单的准备。
24. D【解析】考查动词。当他走近我的车，看到我正在拿我的证件时，他立即说道：“不要担心，不用拿任何东西。我只是想让你知道你的刹车灯坏了。”
25. A【解析】考查副词。参见上一题解析。
26. B【解析】考查动词。参见第24题解析。
27. C【解析】考查形容词。我马上就心烦意乱了，因为我上个月刚换了刹车灯。
28. A【解析】考查动词。我向他解释，汽车修理工想收我600美元，只是为了检测一下那辆车的线路。
29. C【解析】考查名词。他笑着看着我，让我把后备箱打开。
30. D【解析】考查动词。简简单单地这里轻敲一下，那里轻敲一下，Jenkins就设法使刹车灯重新工作了。
31. B【解析】考查名词。我被他的善良感动了。
32. C【解析】考查名词。他本可以轻松地给我开一张罚单，但他跳出了警官的角色，变成了修理工的角色，以确保我没问题。
33. D【解析】考查形容词。他的行为提醒我一个小小的善举所能产生的深远影响。
34. A【解析】考查形容词。这是一个号召，让我们认识到那些付出更多的人，那些所做比他们被期望所做更多的人。
35. D【解析】考查动词。参见上一题解析。
36. t 37. cultural 38. being filled 39. discvery 40. which
41. prviding 42. clearly 43. cntains 44. reaches 45. a
语法填空：
36. t【解析】考查介词。date back t是固定短语，意为“追溯到”。
37. cultural【解析】考查形容词。此处要修饰名词relics，故用形容词。
38. being filled【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处t是介词，后跟动名词，再结合语态可知，此处要用being filled。
39. discvery【解析】考查名词。此处需要用名词作介词的宾语。
40. which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。此处先行词是物，在从句中作主语，故用which。
41. prviding【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处是现在分词作结果状语。
42. clearly【解析】考查副词。此处要修饰动词recrds，故用副词。
43. cntains【解析】考查谓语动词。此句主语是单数名词，而且介绍的是现状，故用一般现在时的单词形式。
44. reaches【解析】考查名词单复数。此处是固定搭配，the upper, /lwer reaches f the river意为“河流的上游下游”。
45. a【解析】考查冠词。根据句意及year的单复数可知，此处是指“有明确记录的年份”。
说明：1. 有拼写或大小写错误的作答不给分。
2. 除所列答案外，若试评过程中发现其他可接受答案，经评卷专家组讨论确认后也可给分。
写作：
第一节：
参考范文：
Dear Amy,
Hw is everything ging? I am Li Hua, wh is in charge f Calligraphy Club in ur schl. Knwing that yu have a passin fr Chinese calligraphy, I am writing t invite yu t jin us in the club.
Calligraphy, as part f traditinal Chinese culture, has attracted generatins f peple bth hme and abrad. The Calligraphy Club was established t meet the needs f students t learn calligraphy. A distinguished teacher with excellent calligraphy skills in ur schl is respnsible fr teaching students calligraphy. I am sure yur calligraphy will imprve greatly in ur club.
I am sincerely waiting fr yur participatin.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节：
参考范文：
Frm arund the crner, a neighbr hurriedly walked t the scene. Upn seeing the bear, the neighbr stretched his arms wide pen and walked carefully but stepped firmly tward the wild animal. The bear, seeing a larger animal, backed away. It turned back and then hid behind a parked vehicle. The neighbr, wanting t make sure that the bear wuldn’t d anything dangerus fr them, fllwed the animal. Then encunter turned int a game f hide-and-seek, which lked a little scary and thrilling.
The neighbr cntinued t pressure the bear while the animal tried its best t find an escape rute. After a shrt while, when the bear saw a windw f pprtunity, the animal sprinted away frm the scene. Huxley was rescued. Huxley’s mm was thankful that n ne gt hurt during the shrt but terrifying encunter. The event culd’ve ended really badly if nt fr the by’s presence f mind and the neighbr’s curage and quick thinking. In the end, Huxley rid ff thrugh the neighbrhd, taking with him the lessns he learned in that encunter.Dear Amy,
Hw is everything ging?
Yurs,
Li Hua
Frm arund the crner, a neighbr hurriedly walked t the scene.
The neighbr cntinued t pressure the bear while the animal tried its best t find an escape rute.