2023-2024学年湖南省益阳市高三（上）期末英语试卷

这是一份2023-2024学年湖南省益阳市高三（上）期末英语试卷，共9页。试卷主要包含了15B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在本试卷相应的位置。
2.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £ 19.15B. £9.18C. £ 9.15
答案是C。
1. Hw is the weather tday?
A. Warm. B. Ht. C. Cld.
2. What wuld the wman prbably d tmrrw?
A. Relax at hme. B. Have nline classes. C. G hiking with Eric.
3. What went n at Cper's last night?
A. A talk shw. B. A birthday party. C. A sales prmtin.
4. Why des the man make the phne call?
A. T bk a rm. B. T cnfirm his flight. C. T reschedule a meeting.
5. What des the wman mean?
A. She dislikes the cmpany.
B. She has spare rms t rent.
C. She wants t sell her apartment.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What will the wman d first?
A. See a mvie. B. Meet Alice and Bill. C. D her hmewrk.
7. What can we learn abut the man?
A. He is nt a student.
B. He never went t schl.
C. He has a very gd memry.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What size car des the man want t rent?
A. Small-size. B. Mid-size. C. Full-size.
9. Why is the man unwilling t rent the blue car?
A. The size isn't suitable. B. The price is t high. C. The mdel is t ld.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10. What is the wman's truble?
A. She failed in an exam.
B. She can't cncentrate in class.
C. She is still cnfused abut the task.
11. What is the man busy with at schl?
A. Preparing a play. B. Setting up a club. C. Ging t parties.
12. What day is it tday?
A. Friday. B. Saturday. C. Sunday.
13. Why des the man decide t take part in the race?
A. T take exercise with the wman.
B. T supprt peple suffering frm cancer.
C. T cllect material fr his cancer research.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Hw des the wman feel abut the man's request?
A. Satisfied. B. PuzzledC. Upset.
15. What makes the man chse t buy jeans made in Japan?
A. Their price. B. Their clr. C. Their quality.
16. What des the man think f the dyes f Japanese jeans?
A. They are artificial. B. They are natural. C. They are unique.
17. What des the man say abut Japanese jeans in the end?
A. They are wrth the price.
B. They are much t pricey.
C. They are ppular with bys.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What was the speaker's first restaurant jb like?
A. Difficult but beneficial. B. Bring but well-paid. C. Enjyable but demanding.
19. What des the speaker's current jb invlve?
A. Cking every day. B. Assisting ther chefs. C. Managing the whle kitchen.
20. What des the speaker think makes a restaurant successful?
A. Inventing new dishes. B. Using quality ingredients. C. Creating cmfrtable envirnment.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Over the past decade, mre and mre travelers have been embracing the idea f slw travel. One f the mst ppular methds f slw travel, if yu have the time, is by rail. Here are ur picks fr sme f the best train rides in the wrld.
The Glacier Express
The Glacier Express takes mre than eight hurs t crss the 180-mile jurney between Zermatt and St. Mritz in Switzerland at an average f 18mph. The classic red train jurney brings yu t Eurpe's muntains at their very best—with views f snw-cvered frests and peaks included!
The Nilgiri Muntain Railway
Running thrugh Tamil Nadu State, the train is the slwest in India due t an extremely steep gradient n the rute. It takes nearly five hurs t cver a distance f 46km. Clearly nbdy uses the NMR t get frm A t B, but fr the sheer jy f riding in a train that passes thrugh 16 tunnels, 250 bridges and 208 steep curves n the richly bidiverse Western Ghats muntain range.
N. 6063/6064
With a length f 257 kilmeters, the highly ppular "small-and-slw train"rute winds thrugh the Qinling Muntains, linking 13 statins at the highest cst f 39. 5 yuan. Villagers take the train t sell their vegetables in nearby cunties t add t their families' incme. Helping pverty alleviatin and carrying students t schls, the rail line, running fr ver 60 years, is a guarantee f and witness t the wish fr a better life f the peple alng its rute.
Ryal Sctsman
With the full length f 1930 kilmeters, the Ryal Sctsman marries Edwardian elegance with the cmfrts f a five-star cuntry huse. The train includes elegant lunges, cmfrtable suites, and an pen bservatin deck. The 9-cach train carries a just 36 passengers maximum with a passenger t staff rati f 1:3. One f the caches is the amazing Bamfrd Spa ffering smething f a palace n wheels.
21. Why d peple chse the Nilgiri Muntain Railway?
A. T view the snw-cvered frests.
B. T travel frm ne place t anther.
C. T experience the amusement f riding.
D. T study the gegraphy f the Western Ghats.
22. Which train can we take t experience villagers' slw life?
A. The Glacier Express. B. N. 6063/6064.
C. The Nilgiri Muntain Railway. D. Ryal Sctsman.
23. What is Ryal Sctsman special abut?
A. Its luxury. B. Its rute. C. Its histry. D. Its cnvenience.
B
Cycling has becme mre than a habit fr "Granny Mave," as Mavis Patersn is knwn. It has becme essential fr her very being, her very reasn fr. living after all three f her adult children passed away within fur years f each ther-Sandy in 2012, Katie in 2013 and Bb in 2016.
It was in memry f her children that the 85-year-ld grandmther set ut n her latest endurance challenge in May, cycling 1,000 miles arund Sctland, beginning frm the Mull f Gallway, befre heading nrth, tracing the utline f the cuntry until she reached the Mull f Gallway again.
"If I didn't have my bicycle, and this is terrible t say, I dn't think I wuld want t live," she tld CNN Sprt.
Patersn cycled every day fr a mnth arund Sctland, navigating its undulating（起伏的）landscape, expsed rads and unpredictable weather. Every day, she wke up early and set ut riding—cvering up t 50 miles a day—and raising mney fr British-based charity Macmillan Cancer Supprt.
Cycling has prvided sme cmfrt, sme way fr her t cpe with unimaginable lss. All alng the rute, Patersn recalled ther cyclists cming ut t keep her cmpany, ffering "terrific supprt," sme f them riding with her fr several days at a time. Such supprt was a cnstant thrughut Patersn's dyssey（跋涉）acrss Sctland, ending in a crwd at the finish line wh had gathered t cheer her n.
"I knw peple have gt n their bikes and thught, ‘If that ld lady can d it, I can d it.' And als peple wh have been a bit depressed and thught, 'Oh gsh, I shuldn't be like this. Lk at pr Mave, she's lst all her children.' S a lt f peple have taken up cycling because f my cycle rides and just inspired peple apparently, "she said.
24. Why did Patersn start her cycling arund Sctland?
A. T keep exercise and imprve her health.
B. T take up the hbby f her three children.
C. T recver frm the death f her children.
D. T be the ldest lady t ride arund Sctland.
25. What can we say abut the cycling arund Sctland?
A. It is highly prfitable and well-received.
B. It requires great effrt and determinatin.
C. It needs prfessinal training and equipment.
D. It aims t raise mney fr the disabled peple.
26. What is paragraph 5 mainly abut?
A. The supprt Patersn asked thers fr.
B. Sme achievements Patersn achieved.
C. The challenges Patersn set fr herself.
D. The friendship Patersn gt alng the way.
27. Which f the fllwing can best describe Patersn?
A. A cyclist. B. A spnsr. C. A hpeless mther. D. An inspiratin.
C
One night tw millennia ag, a Han Dynasty general sent a square-shaped cllectin f bamb and clth int the air abve enemy territry in central China. He was trying t measure hw much earth his men wuld need t tunnel thrugh t tear their enemies' defense line.
It is ne f the mst famus early stries f kite-flying. Similar devices were later used by ther Chinese armies；they launched them after dark in whipping winds in hpes that the nise wuld scare ff enemies, and used them t deliver threats via missives（信函）tied t the kites' tails.
Tday, f curse, these delicate aircraft—built frm light wd r plastic frames shaped t create lift, cvered in a thin material such as paper r silk, and pilted via lng strings—are cnsidered as tys. In the 1990s and early 2000s, kite-flying experienced a bm in the American West and parts f Eurpe, due in part t the ppularizatin f kites surfing. Grups f kiters began t take interest in its lre（知识）.
Thus a wave f yunger artists have been inspired t pineer new frms. In Austria, Anna Rubin, ften emplys ancient methds fr her art, including hand-splitting the bamb fr the frames and using hand-pressed natural fibres t cver them. She wants t carry n traditins she fears may be lst by a culture fixated n the future, but she's equally inspired by the jy f wrk. "Everyne shuld, nce in their life, make a kite and fly it," she says.
And in New Yrk, visual artists Jacb Hashimt, assembles massive installatins frm dzens f palm-size kites t hang frm the ceiling f his studi r gallery. He inherited（继承）his interest in kite-making frm his father. "The kite-making is a pan-cultural practice that makes it a beautiful, demcratic thing," he says. "In many ways, it's a glbal prperty—we all wn the relatinship between us and the sky."
Their wrk is a reminder that kites ffer us a means t defy gravity. In the hands a willing flier, they give us a way up and ut.
28. What was the kite used fr in ancient China?
A. A tl f warfare. B. A kind f recreatin.
C. A sign f gd luck. D. A way f cmmunicatin.
29. What are tday's kites like?
A. They are lightly structured. B. They are widely used in Eurpe.
C. They are less ppular in China. D. They are cnsidered as a science.
30. What made Anna keep the traditin f kite-making?
A. The ppularity f kites in Austria.
B. Her enthusiasm in Chinese culture.
C. Her father's encuragement and supprt.
D. Its pleasure and her sense f respnsibility.
31. Why des the authr mentin Anna and Jacb?
A. T remind us that kites will lse their cultural value in the future.
B. T tell us sme yung artists are taking kite-making t new heights.
C. T list sme examples f the difficulties prmting kites in the wrld.
D. T shw that nly a few peple cnsider kites wrthy f preservatin.
D
Vitamin C fr a cld? A gd dse f Vitamin D n a sunny day? We all knw that vitamins are critical fr ur health, but hw did they get their names and when were they discvered in the first place?
American nutritin scientist Elmer McCullum cnducted a variety f feed experiments with different animal ppulatins and discvered that an "accessry" substance cntained in sme fats was essential t grwth. That fat-sluble（脂溶的）substance became knwn as Vitamin “A” fr "accessry.”
McCllum and thers als cnducted further experiments with rice-bran-derived nutrient, naming it Vitamin"B"after beriberi, which can cause heart failure and a lss f sensatin in the legs and feet. Eventually, it turned ut that the substance knwn as Vitamin B was a cmplex f eight water-sluble vitamins, which were each given individual names and numbered in rder f discvery.
The custm f naming vitamins alphabetically in rder f discvery cntinued. Tday, fur fat-sluble vitamins（A, D, E, and K）and nine water-sluble vitamins（Vitamin C and the eight B vitamins）are cnsidered essential t human grwth and health. Only ne vitamin bucked the h-s-lgical naming system: Vitamin K, discvered by Danish researcher Carl Peter Henrik Dam in 1929. The substance shuld have been in line t be called Vitamin F given its discvery date. But Dam's research revealed that the vitamin is essential fr bld cagulatin（凝固）—knwn as Kagulatin in the German jurnal that published his research—and his abbreviatin fr the vitamin smehw stuck.
It's been decades since the last essential vitamin—Vitamin B12-was discvered in 1948. It nw appears unlikely that scientists will ever discver a new essential vitamin. But even if there's n Vitamin F r G in ur future, that desn't mean nutritinal discvery has stpped cmpletely. If the glden age f vitamin discvery was an appetizer（开胃菜）f srts, scientists are devted t the main curse—a rapidly evlving understanding f the ways fd shapes ur lives, ne micrscpic substance at a time.
32. What can we learn frm paragraph 2 and paragraph 3?
A. Vitamin A is a water-sluble substance.
B. Vitamin B was named after a kind f disease.
C. The eight B vitamins gt names frm their functins.
D. The subjects f McCullum's experiments are hme.
33. What des the underlined wrd "bucked" mean in paragraph 4?
A. Created. B. Destryed. C. Brke. D. Fllwed.
34. What is the authr's attitude tward nutritin research?
A. Indifferent. B. Unclear. C. Dubtful. D. Cnfident.
35. Which f the fllwing is the best title f the text?
A. Hw D Vitamins Influence Our Health?
B. Wh Discvered Varius Vitamins fr Us?
C. Why Is There a Vitamin K but N Vitamin F?
D. Hw Many Vitamins Are Still Left t Be Discvered?
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项
为多余选项。
The secret t stress relief: Why rest isn't a waste f time
Stress is a mdern epidemic, but amng all the stress management strategies we are frgetting ne essential remedy（疗法）—taking time fr rest. Fr a lng time, psychlgists fcused almst exclusively n what went n between ur ears. 36 That was the field f medical dctrs, physitherapists and gym instructrs. Recently, hwever, there has been a grwing realizatin that the bdy and mind are deeply cnnected with each ther.
The mst recent insights have revealed that ur mental health is determined t a large extent by ur physical cnditin. Studies have shwn that ur brain prcesses "psychlgical" pain—such as the kind that arises ut f scial exclusin—the same way it des physical pain. 37
It's apparent that there is n clear divisin between bdy and mind in the case f stress. Yu suffer mre frm stress when yu are suffering frm a flu. If yu have a bad night's sleep, everything is mre stressful the next day. But gd news is that yu can cmbat it by lking after yur bdy. 38 A healthy sleeping pattern als ffers prtectin agains tall kinds f psychlgical disrders, and a healthy diet is knwn t reduce stress.
When yu decide t d smething abut yur stress levels, it desn't necessarily mean yu have t turn yur whle life upside dwn—quit yur jb, mve t anther cuntry and s frth. 39 Mments f rest and relaxatin ught t ccupy a mre significant place in ur lives. These imprtant mments shuld nt be regarded as a kind f "breather" in between jbs but as a natural and fundamental part f ur way f life.
40 We need t see it as crucial time that we use t build up ur reserves. It is nly when we fully embrace rest that we will be able t take a stand against stress and burnut.
A. The bdy was nt their respnsibility.
B. The first step is t take better care f yur bdy, instead.
C. In fact, yu can even take an aspirin fr that kind f pain.
D. Fr example, physical exercise helps t relieve depressin.
E. Yu shuld ask if the health prblems are caused by stress.
F. They all cncentrate nly n anxiety, depressin and as such.
G. Getting enugh rest is nt just smething we shuld d when we are exhausted.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Templer was a tur guide in Zimbabwe, leading a cane（皮划艇）safari dwn the Zambezi River. During the expeditin, Templer's cane 41 the way, with the ther tw canes t fllw.
Things were ging the way they were suppsed t g. Everyne was having a pretty gd time. Eventually, they 42 a dzen hipps, which were territrial animals. That's nt 43 n the Zambezi, Africa's furth-lngest river. They weren't alarmed at first as they were at a safe 44 .
Templer tried t steer（率领）the grup safely arund them. Hwever, the third cane was ff the planned 45 and was attacked by an aggressive hipp. The guide named Evans n the cane fell int the water. Templer went t 46 him. He was getting clser t Evans. He was 47 —it was kind f a made-fr-Hllywd mvie-Evans was reaching up. Their 48 almst tuched. And then the water between them just 49 … Befre he knew it, Templer was up t his waist dwn a hipp's thrat. His legs were trapped but his hands were 50 . S he tried t hld nt the hipp's tusks（长牙）t 51 being trn apart. The hipp must have been uncmfrtable because it spat him ut. S he quickly burst t the 52 , and breathed sme fresh air. With thers' help, Templer and Evans made it ut f the river.
Despite the unpleasant experience, Templer 53 t wrk as a tur guide. He als became an advcate fr hipp 54 , recgnizing that the animals were nt inherently aggressive but were 55 defending their territry.
41. A. madeB. fund C. led D. wund
42. A. encuntered B. interrupted C. savedD. killed
43. A. unfrtunate B. unexpectedC. uncertain D. unnecessary
44. A. speed B. angle C. visin D. distance
45. A. line B. cntrl C. curse D. duty
46. A. watch B. cmfrt C. stpD. rescue
47. A. leaning verB. turning awayC. lking upD. calming dwn
48. A. hearts B. fingers C. heads D. thughts
49. A. appeared B. flwed C. frze D. erupted
50. A. freeB. emptyC. hurtD. skinny
51. A. risk B. avid C. permitD. finish
52. A. surface B. bttmC. bank D. sky
53. A. hpedB. cntinued C. refused D. hesitated
54. A. habitat B. safetyC. cnservatin D. suffering
55. A. readily B. finally C. casuallyD. simply
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
African students wh participated in a Chinese agricultural develpment prgram have returned t their hme cuntries, aiming t use 56 they've learned t help lcal farmers increase grain yields.
In the Science and Technlgy Backyard prgram, which 57 （launch）in 2009 at China Agricultural University in Beijing, students cnducted research in experimental fields in rural areas while using their 58 （acquire）knwledge t help Chinese farmers. Phiri, ne student frm Malawi in Africa, expected hpefully, "We are well n ur way t establishing successful STBs, 59 purpse is t empwer the farmers f Malawi with the knwledge and tls they need 60 （shape）their agricultural futures." Due t pr sil quality and a lack f mdern agricultural technlgies, the yield fr Malawi's main crp, maize, is 61 （relative）lw. Many farmers are nt grwing enugh fd t sustain 62 （they）.
Phiri and ther African students, tgether with their teachers ften engaged in cnversatins with farmers in the fields. Jia Xiaqiang, 63 assciate prfessr in charge f the prgram, said such 64 （engage）is very necessary. "The cre f the prject lies 65 bringing technicians and farmers tgether. Only by truly participating in this prcess and understanding hw t spread technlgy t farmers can they make a real impact when they return t Africa."
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假如你是李华，最近你校组织了一次“亲近大自然”的生态研学活动（ec field trip），你的英国朋友 Mike询问相关情况，请你给他写一封回信。内容包括：
1. 活动目的；2. 活动过程；3. 你的感受。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mike,



Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
We mved here a few days ag, and I dn't knw anyne, nt ne persn, at the new place. Dad says things will get better. He says I'll take t city living just like I tk t climbing trees and playing ball. I lk ut the windw f ur new apartment.
"This was a gd mve fr us, Snny," Dad says, "Yu'll see.”
"I miss the guys," I say. "I miss Michigan. I miss" — I gaze up and dwn the street—"trees.”
"Ls Angeles isn't a bad place," he says. Then he tells me abut a park he saw dwn the street. "It has a cuple f basketball curts. Get ut there and sweat tday. Yu've kept yurself inside t lng." I nd.
That afternn, I grab my basketball and head dwn the street t find the curts. Dad was right abut being kept inside t lng. It's abut time t shake the cbwebs（蜘蛛网）ff my basketball legs, see if I can still dribble（运球）with bth hands, and remain a gd shter. I walk past all the shps with bars n their windws. This is hme?
When I get t the curts, I see three guys shting arund. They're playing sme kind f ne-n-ne, taking turns with the third guy in. Tw f them are taller than me, but ne is abut my size. I can tell that the shrt kid knws hw t play by the way he handles the ball, dribbling well with either hand. But the ther guys are t tall fr him. One-n-ne isn't his game. He needs smene t pass t.
I g dwn t the ther basket t sht arund. I'm pretty cld at first. But after I warm up, the ld feelings cme back-the prper knee bend, the feel f releasing the ball just right.
"Hi, there.”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I stp and turn arund, catching sight f the shrt kid.


Withut hesitatin I accept his invitatin t play in the upcming League Cup.