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江苏省盐城市盐城八校2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题word版（附参考答案）
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这是一份江苏省盐城市盐城八校2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题word版（附参考答案），共9页。试卷主要包含了 本卷主要考查内容， 15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
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4. 考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。
5. 本卷主要考查内容：至拓展创新学程二。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.
答案是C。
1. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Writer and reader. B. Dctr and patient. C. Teacher and student.
2. Why des the man make the phne call?
A. T place an rder. B. T apply fr a jb. C. T make a cmplaint.
3. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a bkstre. B. In a pst ffice. C. In a classrm.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A new stre. B. Italian dishes. C. Their supper.
5. Why has the man cme back?
A. T study here. B. T travel arund. C. T take a jb.
第二节（共15 小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What will the speakers d tgether?
A. Have dinner. B. Attend a party. C. See a mvie.
7. When will the man pick up the wman?
A. At 5: 00 p. m. B. At 6: 30 p. m. C. At 7: 00 p. m.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What's the wman's jb in England?
A. Imprting wines. B. Building huses. C. Guiding travellers.
9. Hw des the wman usually g t wrk?
A. By bus. B. By car. C. On ft.
10. What is the man's attitude tward his wrk?
A. Negative. B. Favurable. C. Unclear.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where did Mnica usually have her lunch in high schl?
A. At schl. B. At hme. C. In a restaurant.
12. Wh wuld bring lunch bxes t schl?
A. Eric’s friends. B. Mnica's friends. C. Arthur's friends.
13. Hw lng did Arthur stay in schl every day?
A. Abut 5 hurs. B. Abut 4 hurs. C. Abut 2 hurs.
听第9段材料，回答第14 至16题。
14. When did the man buy his present cmputer?
A. Tw years ag. B. Fur years ag. C. Ten years ag.
15. What des the man mainly use the cmputer t d at present?
A. Play nline games. B. Cllect infrmatin. C. Receive e- mails.
16. What des the man usually buy nline?
A. Fd. B. Clthes. C. Digital prducts.
听第10段材料, 回答第17 至20题。
17. Why did Edwards walk 14 miles every day?
A. T keep healthy. B. T lse weight. C. T get t wrk.
18. What gift did Edwards receive frm the cuple?
A. An ice cream. B. A car. C. A cmputer.
19. Hw did Edwards feel abut the cuple's help?
A. Guilty. B. Mved. C. Embarrassed.
20. What did the cuple wish Edwards t d?
A. G t cllege. B. Pay fr the gift. C. Offer help t thers.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Why Subscribe t Reader's Digest?
The wrld's best- lved general- interest publicatin cntains smething fr everyne. Reader's Digest magazine is bursting with stries, articles, advice, recipes, reviews, tips, jkes and anecdtes. Each issue is small enugh t fit in yur handbag r pcket, but big enugh t keep yu entertained fr weeks n end.
Frm regular clumns packed with infrmatin t gripping (扣人心弦的) human- interest stries and helpful hw-ts, ur magazine ffers knwledge, psitivity and humur. In this mnth's issue yu'll find. . .
An interview with Hugh Dancy
The newest additin t the cast f Dwntn Abbey n New Yrk, Law& Order, and the nstalgia (怀旧) f playing an English gentleman.
Saving the sund f the Stradivaius
Meet the experts fighting t save the unbeatable sund f histry's greatest vilins, meeting the lve f her life.
Cmmunity Pwer
Acrss the UK, cmmunities are cming tgether t save their pubs, shps, and mre.
If Grace Dent ruled the wrld
The restaurant critic shares her manifest (宣言) fr wrld dminatin.
SUBSCRIBE TODAY FROM AS LITTLE AS £ 22. 99
Our best price yet—It's nly £ 22. 99 fr a full ne- year subscriptin—A Saving f ver 50% OFF the usual £ 47. 88 retail price—and what’s mre, we will deliver it direct t yur dr fr free!
If yu dn't want t cmmit t a full year, we have the perfect taster package.
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Plus, make sure yu always keep up t date with all f the tp stries, news and prmtins frm Reader's Digest by subscribing t ur weekly newsletter.
21. If readers want t knw abut an actr, which ne shuld they read?
A. If Grace Dent ruled the wrld. B. Cmmunity Pwer.
C. Saving the sund f the Stradivaius. D. An interview with Hugh Dancy.
22. Hw much will yu save if yu take ut a full ne- year subscriptin tday?
A. £ 3. B. £ 22. 99. C. £ 24. 89. D. £ 47. 88.
23. What kind f writing is the passage?
A. An intrductin. B. A part f a fictin.
C. A research reprt. D. An advertisement.
B
Fr the 70 percent f the wrld's ppulatin withut any chance f using electric washing machines, keeping up with laundry takes up a lt f time. And it is ften a painful physical task. The task falls unreasnably t wmen and girls, wh can spend 20 hurs a week washing clthes, ften withut electricity r running water. Lndn engineer Navjt Sawhney, hwever, has cme up with an idea: a prtable and lightweight washing machine that is similar t a plastic drum. It als des duble duty as a dryer, and csts arund $60.
31- year- ld Sawhney calls it the Divya, after the wman wh inspired the prject—his frmer next- dr neighbur in Suth India, where he spent a year vlunteering after leaving his jb as an engineer at high- end vacuum (真空吸尘器) maker Dysn. “When I gt t knw Divya, I was s sad abut all the unpaid wrk she needed t d—cleaning clthes,” says Sawhney. In 2018, he returned t the United Kingdm t fund “The Washing Machine Prject”, which is develping a washing slutin that will be affrdable, prtable and accessible fr everyne, everywhere. After a few mnths f develping a mdel, he received sme mney frm Oxfam's Iraq Respnse Innvatin Lab.
Since March 2019, mre than 150 Divyas have been given ut t refugees in Iraq thrugh nn- prfit partners. “The respnse was great,” Sawhney says. His gal is t deliver 8, 000 machines in 10 cuntries ver the next three years. By saving 75 percent f the time and 50 percent f the water required t wash clthes, he says, wmen and girls will be freer t accept educatin.
Aside frm the Divya, Sawhney has als wrked n making fuel- efficient ckstves, and plans t develp refrigeratrs, cnditiners, and lighting. Sawhney sees the wrld's grwing refugee crisis as a call fr innvatin: “There is a huge need fr appliances that make life better fr peple.”
24. What did Navjt Sawhney d t help the wmen in India?
A. He vlunteered t wash clthes fr them.
B. He prvided them with free access t educatin.
C. He called n peple in his cmmunity t dnate clthes.
D. He wrked ut a slutin by inventing a washing machine.
25. What inspired Navjt Sawhney t fund the prject?
A. His neighbur's experience. B. His previus wrk in Dysn.
C. The supprt f a science lab. D. The request f refugees in Iraq.
26. What can we infer abut the prject in Paragraph 3?
A. It is highly praised. B. It fcuses n educatin.
C. It has created many jbs. D. It has earned a lt f mney.
27. Which f the fllwing can best describe Navjt Sawhney?
A. Selfless and hnest. B. Helpful and serius.
C. Caring and creative. D. Thughtful and strict.
C
Our brains have an “aut- crrect” feature that we use when re- interpreting ambiguus (含混不清的) sunds, accrding t new research. The study sheds light n hw the brain uses infrmatin gathered after the discvering f an initial sund t aid speech cmprehensin. The findings pint t new ways we use infrmatin and cntext t aid in speech cmprehensin.
“What a persn thinks they hear des nt always match the actual signals that reach the ear,” explains lead authr Laura Gwilliams. “This is because the brain re- evaluates the interpretatin f a speech sund at the mment each fllwing speech sund is heard in rder t update interpretatins as necessary,” Gwilliams says.
It's well knwn that the perceptin f a speech sund is determined by its surrunding cntext—in the frm f wrds, sentences and ther speech sunds. This plays ut in everyday life—when we talk, the actual speech we prduce is ften ambiguus. Fr example, when a friend says she has a “dent (凹痕) ” in her car, yu may hear “tent”. Althugh this kind f ambiguity happens regularly, we, as listeners, are hardly aware f it. “This is because the brain autmatically reslves the ambiguity fr us— it picks an interpretatin and that's what we perceive t hear, ” explains Gwilliams. “The way the brain des this is by using the surrunding cntext t narrw dwn the pssibilities f what the speaker may mean.”
In the study, the researchers sught t understand hw the brain uses this fllwing infrmatin t adjust ur perceptin f what we initially heard. T d this, they cnducted a series f experiments in which the subjects listened t islated syllables and similarly sunding wrds. Their results prduced three primary findings: The brain's primary auditry crtex (听觉皮层) is sensitive t hw ambiguus a speech sund is at just 50 millisecnds after the sund's appearance. The brain “replays” previus speech sunds while interpreting the fllwing nes, suggesting re-evaluatin as the rest f the wrd unflds. The brain makes cmmitments t its “best guess” f hw t interpret the signal after abut half a secnd.
28. What is the study mainly abut?
A. Why sme peple prcess infrmatin faster. B. Hw brains tell apart useful infrmatin.
C. Hw brains understand unclear wrds. D. Why peple make unclear sunds.
29. What des the authr want t shw by giving the example in Paragraph 3?
A. Peple are likely t mistake a wrd fr smething familiar.
B. Peple can understand thers even if they mishear a wrd.
C. Peple are mre likely t mishear their friends.
D. It is nrmal fr peple t make unclear sunds.
30. What d we knw abut the unclear wrds in the experiments?
A. They stpped us thinking further. B. They led t misunderstanding.
C. They were nticed instantly. D. They seemed t be useless.
31. What des the underlined part “the signal” in the last paragraph refer t?
A. The fllwing speech sund. B. The unclearly sunding wrd.
C. The similarly sunding wrd. D. The islated syllable.
D
On Inaccessible Island, yu hear the sund f the Inaccessible Island rails (秧鸡) everywhere. The small flightless birds mve arund, feeding n wrms and berries. During a trip in 2011, it tk days fr Stervander, then a dctral student, t spt ne. “Even then, yu see smething little and dark, running fr a secnd, and that's abut it,” he says. Catching ne, thugh, prved easy. When scientists played a recrding f the bird's call, a male and female ran int the net a few minutes later.
Inaccessible Island rails live nly n Inaccessible Island. “N ne knew the histry,” says Stervander, nw a research fellw at the University f Oregn. He aimed t answer the questin abut these birds: Hw did they get t Inaccessible Island t begin with?
The first scientist t describe the rail was Percy Lwe. He thught the bird was frm Africa and had always been flightless. In his view, it had arrived at the island by walking ver land bridges. But nw the science f plate tectnics (板块构造论) suggests that's nt the case. In a recent paper, Stervander and his clleagues give evidence fr a different versin.
After studying the genme f the rails, scientists fund the Inaccessible Island rail's clsest relative—the crake in Uruguay. Bth birds are related t the black rail in America. The finding suggests the ancestrs f these birds culd fly. That means Inaccessible Island rails flew t their present hme, and like many birds living n islands with n predatrs (捕食者) , they gradually lst the ability t fly. Flying takes energy, s if there's n reasn t fly, it's mre practical nt t.
On this island, there's a grwing ppulatin f rails, but they' re fragile. Shuld a predatr reach the island, it culd make quick wrk f the birds. Peple n nearby islands are careful t avid intrducing any predatrs t Inaccessible Island, and the risk is lw, given hw hard it is t get there. Fr nw, the rails live peacefully in a place where few humans are eager t g.
32. What can we learn abut the Inaccessible Island rails?
A. They mve arund quickly. B. They are nt afraid f humans.
C. They are hard t trap. D. They can be seen everywhere.
33. What caused the Inaccessible Island rails t becme flightless?
A. Their way t search fr fd. B. Their cnnectin with their ancestrs.
C. Their lack f energy. D. Their living envirnment.
34. Which best describes the present situatin f the Inaccessible Island rails?
A. Unexpected. B. Dangerus. C. Safe. D. Tugh.
35. What's the best title fr the text?
A. Hw Did the Flightless Bird Get t Inaccessible Island?
B. Why are Inaccessible Island Rails Limited n the Island?
C. The Develpment f Rails n Inaccessible Island
D. The Need t Prtect Flightless Inaccessible Island Rails
第二节（共5 小题；每小题 2. 5分，满分 12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Are wrms the heres we didn't knw we needed? Silent, slimy and wriggling (扭动) , yu might think that wrms are gd fr nthing except bait (诱饵) n the end f a fishing ple. 36
The British naturalist Charles Darwin said that n ther animal has “played such an imprtant part in the histry f the wrld as these lwly rganised creatures”. They have lived n Earth fr 600 millin years and have even survived five mass extinctins. 37
Earthwrms literally mve the earth, and this is why farmers lve them. As they travel, they aerate (使透气) the sil by lsening, mixing and xygenating it. 38 They are effectively a small but very efficient plugh (犁) . But it's nt just earthwrms that deserve praise.
In 2022, a grup f scientists at the Margarita Salas Centre fr Bilgical Research islated enzymes (酶) fund in wax wrm saliva (唾液) which are plastic- eating. 39 It's hped that by prducing these enzymes n an industry- level scale, we will have a mre envirnmentally friendly way t reduce plastic pllutin.
40 Bldwrms are small sea creatures which press themselves int the mud f the cean flr. Scientists at the University f Califrnia, Santa Barbara have been studying their jaws, which are made up f 10% cpper prteins (铜蛋白) and are s strng that they last the wrm's entire five- year lifespan. Because f this research, engineers may start using the jaws as inspiratin fr the design and manufacture f materials like cncrete.
S, next time yu see a wrm, shw it a little respect. They really are changing the wrld!
A. Wrms have a lifespan f a few mnths.
B. S, what d wrms d that is s great?
C. It increases the grund's capacity t hld and empty water.
D. And wrms are even inspiring the building industry.
E. Humans prduce mre than 300 millin tns f plastic every year.
F. Hwever, there is mre t the humble wrm than meets the eye.
G. These can break dwn a very cmmn plastic that nrmally breaks dwn ver many years.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30 分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分 15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A few mnths ag, I was dwn with a terrible cld which ended in a bad cugh. N matter hw many different medicines I tried, I 41 culdn't get rid f the cugh. Nt nly did it 42 my teaching but als my life as a whle.
Then ne day after class, a student came up t me and 43 traditinal Chinese medicine. Frm her descriptin, Chinese medicine sunded as if it had magic pwer that 44 . I was 45 because I knew s little abut it and have never tried it befre. 46 , my cugh gt s much wrse that I culdn't sleep at night, s I decided t give it a 47 . The Chinese dctr tk my pulse and asked t see my tngue, bth f which were new experience t me because they are bth 48 in Western medicine, where diagnsis relies heavily n 49 . Then the dctr gave me a scraping (刮) treatment knwn as “Gua Sha”. I was a little 50 at first because he used a smth edged tl t scrape the skin n my neck and shulders.
A few minutes later, the treatment started t prduce a 51 effect and my bdy and mind began t sink deeper int 52 . I didn't feel any imprvement in my 53 in the first cuple f days, but after a few mre regular visits t the dctr, my cugh started t 54 . Then within a matter f weeks, it was cmpletely 55 !
41. A. still B. even C. currently D. certainly
42. A. facilitate B. benefit C. incnvenience D. change
43. A. recmmended B. sld C. prescribed D. adpted
44. A. set trends B. brught rewards C. changed rules D. wrked wnders
45. A. excited B. hesitant C. ptimistic D. nervus
46. A. Cnsequently B. Eventually C. Admittedly D. Surprisingly
47. A. break B. lk C. sht D. miss
48. A. frequently- used B. nnexistent C. highly- recmmended D. nneffective
49. A. dctrs B. hspitals C. symptms D. machines
50. A. unsatisfied B. tired C. disappinted D. scared
51. A. relieving B. damaging C. stimulating D. cling
52. A. relaxatin B. pain C. uneasiness D. depressin
53. A. capability B. strength C. cnditin D. circumstance
54. A. wrsen B. lessen C. lengthen D. quicken
55. A. unexpected B. fine C. different D. gne
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Spending time in the great utdrs is a full- n sensry experience with endless skies, beautiful frests, the sunds f the wind and the warm feeling f sunrays 56 (rest) n yur face. In additin t nature's 57 (enjy) sights, sunds and sensatins, the familiar smells f nature can be just as appealing. In fact, a recent study fund that nature desn't just smell gd, but its fragrances make peple feel gd as well.
The researchers frm the University f Kent in the UK 58 (send) 194 participants t relax in the wdlands thrughut the fur seasns. The participants reprted feeling relaxed when they smelled 59 they described as “fresh air” r “earthy” smells. Accrding t the study, these smells brught back fun memries f their childhds. 60 instance, pine trees made sme participants think abut Christmas.
“We fund that smells affected multiple fields f well- being with physical well- being discussed mst 61 (frequent) , particularly in relatin t relaxatin, cmfrt and rejuvenatin (恢复活力) ,” wrte the researchers in the study. They als fund that peple feel mre settled in a smell- free zne, this result pssibly 62 (link) t the absence f bad- smelling urban smells, like pllutin.
Dr Jessica Fisher, study c- authr, pinted ut these results culd 63 (apply) in future practice. In his pinin, when 64 cmes t enjying a hike in the wds r a picnic under the pen skies, it pays 65 (keep) nt nly ne’ eyes and ears, but als ne’s nse, pen.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分 15 分）
假定你是李华，你校广播站将增加15分钟的英语节目 (Special English) 。请你给负责的外教 Bb写一个邮件，内容包括：
1. 对该举措的态度；
2. 对内容的建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Bb,
Yurs, Li Hua
第二节（满分 25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jackie Oelfke, a retired bank manager, pays great attentin t develping children's independent financial awareness frm an early age. She bught a piggy bank (存钱罐) fr every child. She even passed n the gd traditin t her granddaughter, Sunshine Oelfke. When Sunshine was just brn, Jackie Oelfke bught her a large piggy bank. They used the piggy bank as a ty. Later, when Sunshine grew lder, they wuld pur ut cins and play games. When they had small change, they tk the cins back and put them in the mney strage tank, enjying it tirelessly. What they lack is nt mney, but a gd habit. The little girl has always believed in this cncept: even if yu are rich, yu shuld be careful with yur mney.
Tw weeks ag, the 7- year- ld girl emptied her piggy bank nt the living rm flr after schl and immediately started cunting. Jackie thught she was playing as she carefully lined up the cins, but then she saw the girl put the cins int a plastic bag and place it in her backpack. Her mind was s busily engaged that she did nt always knw when she was silent.
“That arused my curisity,” Jackie said. “Nbdy messes with the piggy bank.” After bserving Sunshine at wrk fr a few minutes lnger, Jackie decided t find ut why the little girl brke int her savings.
“What are yu ding with that mney?” Jackie asked her granddaughter with a smile.
“I'm taking it t schl,” Sunshine replied withut lking. She seemed t struggle befre talking t her grandma. The little girl finally stated the real reasn why she needed the mney. “I'm ging t take it fr milk mney. My friend Layla desn't get milk—her mum desn't have milk mney and I d. ”
As a special guest, Jackie nce went t participate in activities rganized at Sunshine’s schl. Sunshine's teacher, Rita Hausher, tld her that many students in her class came frm pr families, and she remembered having Layla. At that time, she had the idea f helping them, but she didn't knw hw t d it mre apprpriately.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Jackie's heart melted at Sunshine's wrds.
Jackie psted a tearful vide nline t explain her granddaughter's plan.
江苏省盐城市盐城八校2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题
参考答案、提示及评分细则
1~5 CAACC 6~10 ABAAB 11~15 ABAAB 16~20 CCBBC
21. D 细节理解题。根据第一个小标题 An interview with Hugh Dancy 中 “playing an English gentleman” 可知，想了解一个演员，需要看 An interview with Hugh Dancy。
22. C 细节理解题。根据 “Our best price yet— It's nly £ 22. 99 fr a full ne- year subscriptin—A Saving f ver 50% OFF the usual £ 47. 88 retail price” 可知，可节约£ 24. 89。
23. D 推理判断题。本文先简单介绍了读者文摘，以及列举了其中一期的内容，最后两部分重点介绍了订阅费用，所以是通过介绍读者文摘使读者订阅的广告。
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。英国工程师 Navjt Sawhney在印度贫民窟受到启发，发明了一款便携式洗衣机。
24. D 细节理解题。 根据第一段的 “Lndn engineer Navjt Sawhney, hwever, has cme up with an idea: a prtable and lightweight washing machine that is similar t a plastic drum.” 可知，为了帮助印度的妇女, Navjt Sawhney 发明了一种洗衣机来解决这个问题。
25. A 细节理解题。根据第二段的 “31- year- ld Sawhney calls it the Divya, after the wman wh inspired the prject— his frmer next- dr neighbur in Suth India, where he spent a year vlunteering after leaving his jb as an engineer at high- end vacuum maker Dysn.” 可知，Navjt Sawhney 在印度做志愿服务时看到邻居的洗衣经历，让他有了创立“洗衣机项目”的灵感。
26. A 推理判断题。根据第三段的 “Since March 2019, mre than 150 Divyas have been given ut t refugees in Iraq thrugh nn- prfit partners. ‘The respnse was great, ’ Sawhney says.” 可知，这款洗衣机反响很好，由此推知，该项目得到很高的评价。
27. C 推理判断题。文中讲述了 Navjt Sawhney为了帮助印度贫困地区的妇女洗衣服而发明了洗衣机，由此可推知，他既有爱心又很有创造力。
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。日常生活中，我们有可能没有听清楚对方说的某一个词语，但这并不影响我们对整个语意的理解，因为我们的大脑有自动纠错的功能。
28. C 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，研究表明，我们的大脑在重新解读含混不清的词语时可以自动纠错。该项研究主要是关于大脑如何理解发音不清楚的单词。
29. B 推理判断题。结合第三段内容和文中作者举出的例子可推知，作者首先强调人们主要依赖语境对人们所说的话语进行理解，接着给出一个例子，说明人们有可能会将朋友说的 dent听成tent，但这一点也不影响人们对朋友整个话语的理解。
30. C 细节理解题。 根据最后一段的 “The brain's primary auditry crtex is sensitive t hw ambiguus a speech sund is at just 50 millisecnds after the sund's appearance” 可知，大脑的初级听觉皮层在声音出现50毫秒后马上会注意到这个声音有多含糊不清。
31. B 词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句子的上下文可知，研究者在对大脑处理听得不清楚的词的实验中得出三个结论，最后一个结论是大脑会在半秒钟后做出如何解读信号的“最佳猜测”。这里的信号指的就是前面提到的没有听清楚的词。
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。在 Inaccessible Island (伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛) 生活着一种无法飞行的小鸟。那么它们是如何到达这座小岛的呢?
32. A 细节理解题。根据第一段的 “ ‘Even then, yu see smething little and dark, running fr a secnd, and that's abut it,’ he says.” 可知，Inaccessible Island (伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛) 的秧鸡行动敏捷，被人们看到后转眼就跑没影了。
33. D 细节理解题。根据第四段的 “like many birds living n islands with n predatrs, they gradually lst the ability t fly” 可知，在 Inaccessible Island (伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛) 没有天敌，秧鸡逐渐失去了飞行的能力。也就是说，它们的生活环境导致它们失去飞行能力。
34. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，人们很注意对 Inaccessible Island (伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛) 秧鸡的保护，避免引入捕食者到岛上，另外小岛也很难到达，所以相对来说风险也小。因此，目前秧鸡的情况是比较安全的。
35. A 标题归纳题。综合全文内容特别是第二段中 “He aimed t answer the questin abut these birds: Hw did they get t Inaccessible Island t begin with?” 可知，本文主要就 Inaccessible Island (伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛) 生活的没有飞行能力的秧鸡是如何到达这座岛屿的话题展开讨论，介绍了科学家的相关研究发现。
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了小小的蠕虫，它们默默无闻、粘粘乎乎，还扭来扭去，但它们足以被称为大英雄。
36. F 考查上下文逻辑关系。根据文章首句和后文五个段落可知蠕虫是不为所知的大英雄。空前句说明蠕虫的卑微，所填句与之形成转折关系，且为后文内容的总结句。
37. B 考查概括句。此句承接前文，与后面三个段落之间为“总分关系”，主要介绍蠕虫有什么厉害之处。
38. C 考查上下文逻辑关系。空格前一句意为“当它们行动的时候，它们通过使其变松、混合和对其供氧的方式，让土壤透气。”C 项符合语境。
39. G 考查上下文逻辑关系。空前句介绍蠕虫消化塑料，空后句意：希望能够通过工业级规模来生产这些酶，我们将有一种更环保的方式来减少塑料的污染。由此可知所填句为空前句的进一步拓展。
40. D 考查段落之间的关系。此段与前面三个段落之间为并列关系，主要介绍蠕虫对建筑行业的贡献。所填句为句首，为该段中心句。
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在因感冒引起的咳嗽久治未愈的情况下，接受了学生的建议，尝试中医刮痧等治疗之后，奇迹般地痊愈的经历。
41. A 根据上句话的内容及前面 n matter从句内容可知此处应为 still。
42. C 根据常识 “cugh” 与 “teaching” 、 “life” 之间的关联的动词最好是 incnvenience (带来不便) 。
43. A 根据下句内容可知学生是在向“我”推荐中医疗法。
44. D 根据之前的 “Chinese medicine” 及 “magical pwer” 可知答案应该是 wrked wnders (创造奇迹) 。
45. B 根据后面的 because 从句内容可知答案。
46. B 根据事件的发展及后面 that从句内容可知答案。
47. C give it a sht (试试) 。
48. B 空格前的 “they” 应该是指 “tk my pulse and asked t see my tngue” ，根据常识及前文的 “new experience” 可知答案。
49. D 根据主语 “diagnsis” 以及中西医区别的常识可知答案应为 machines。
50. D 根据后面 because 从句内容可知答案。
51. A 根据后文中提到的治疗效果，以及 “and” 后分句内容可知，最佳答案应该是 relieving (放松的) 。
52. A 与51题答案相照应。
53. C cnditin 病情。
54. B my cugh started t lessen (我的咳嗽有所减轻) 。
55. D 根据上句的内容和主语 it (cugh) 可知，此处应该选 gne 表示咳嗽消失了。
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主题语境为人与自然。研究表明，大自然芳香的气味能改善幸福感。
56. resting 考查非谓语动词。sunrays与空白处所填词在逻辑上是主谓关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。
57. enjyable 考查词性转换。空白处所填词在文中作定语修饰 “sights, sunds and sensatins” ，故填形容词 enjyable。
58. sent 考查动词时态。根据下一句中的 “The participants reprted. . .” 可知，谓语动词动作发生在过去, 故用一般过去时。
59. what 考查名词性从句。空白处所填词引导宾语从句且在从句中作 described的宾语，故填 what。
60. Fr 考查介词。fr instance意为“例如”。
61. frequently 考查副词。空白处所填词作状语修饰动词 “discussed” ，故填副词 frequently。
62. linked 考查非谓语动词。此处是“逻辑主语+过去分词”独立主格。
63. be applied 考查动词语态。 “these results” 是 “apply” 动作的承受者，故用被动语态；culd 在此用于表示“可能性”。
64. it 考查代词。when it cmes t. . . 为固定句型，意为“谈到，涉及……”。
65. t keep 考查非谓语动词。句中 it作形式主语，空白处用不定式作真正主语。
第一节
One pssible versin:
Dear Bb,
I am glad t hear the news f the upcming additin f Special English. This nt nly increases the pprtunities fr us students t practice English listening, but als enriches ur campus cultural atmsphere.
Given the limited time, I think the cntent shuld nt nly be nvel but als shrt, including campus news, student interviews, English knwledge and ther frms. At the same time, we shuld cnstantly listen t the pinins f ur schlmates and stimulate their enthusiasm fr learning English.
I believe that under yur guidance, this prgram will becme better and better.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节
One pssible versin:
Jackie's heart melted at Sunshine's wrds. Chked with strng feelings, Jackie held her sweet granddaughter tightly in her arms. Peple must understand that actins speak luder than wrds. Last week, Jackie and Sunshine met with her teacher, Rita Hausher, and handed her the $30 the kindergartner had saved. There are 20 kids in Sunshine's class and abut half dn't get milk. It csts $0. 45 a cartn. The ttal adds up t abut $180 a mnth fr every child in the class t have milk every day.
Jackie psted a tearful vide nline t explain her granddaughter's plan. T her surprise, dzens f peple ffered t dnate t the cause. Within a week, Jackie raised mre than $1, 000. Nw every student in Sunshine's class can get free milk fr the rest f the year. Jackie said Sunshine desn't see her kind act as a big deal. She was just trying t lk ut fr her friends. “She desn't understand the effect she's brught abut, ” Jackie said. “ But nw she knws she can d whatever she puts her mind t. ”
听力部分录音材料
(Text 1)
M: What's the matter, Cindy?
W: I wnder if I culd hand in my paper next Mnday, Prfessr Smith, because I have a bad headache.
M: N prblem. Have a gd rest.
(Text 2)
W: Hell. This is the sales department.
M: Hell. This is Jhn Smith f GPF Cmpany. We need ten cmputers fr ur design ffice. Wuld yu please give me a price?
(Text 3)
M: I'll answer yur questin as sn as I finish wrapping the bks fr the gentleman.
W: Dn't wrry abut it. I'll have a lk at yur new bks.
(Text 4)
W: Let's eat ut tnight. An Italian restaurant arund the crner pened last week.
M: OK. I like Italian fd. Let's reserve a table nw, r we will have t wait fr a lng time.
(Text 5)
W: Hi, Alex. I haven't seen yu fr a lng time. Where have yu been?
M: I studied in Canada fr tw years and then travelled arund Eurpe. Nw, I'm back t wrk here.
(Text 6)
W: Hell, this is Jennifer calling.
M: Hell, Jennifer. This is Tny speaking.
W: I wnder if yu have time t have dinner with me this evening.
M: What time?
W: It's up t yu. I am free all night.
M: I have t g t a party this afternn, and I dn't think I will be back until 5 'clck. S hw abut7 'clck?
W: OK. Can yu cme and pick me up half an hur early?
M: That's OK.
W: If yu cme back early, please call me. We can see a mvie first.
M: Sunds wnderful. I wuld really like t see a mvie with yu, but I dn't think there is enugh time.
W: All right. We can see a mvie next time.
(Text 7)
M: Tell me abut yur life in England. What d yu d every day?
W: Well, I wrk in my father's business, imprting wines. I live with my family.
M: Hw d yu get t wrk? D yu catch a bus?
W: Usually. Smetimes I g with my father in his car. What abut yu? What d yu d?
M: I'm a builder. I build huses.
W: And hw d yu get t wrk?
M: I drive. I have t use my car ften in my wrk. I never g by bus.
W: D yu enjy yur wrk?
M: Yes. It's nt easy being a builder, but I prefer t wrk utside.
W: I never wrk utside. Occasinally I travel thugh—like nw.
(Text 8)
W: Eric, did yu use t have lunch at schl?
M: N. In high schl, students usually have a tw- hur break fr lunch in my hmetwn. S, I wuld cme back hme fr lunch. What abut yu, Mnica?
W: I had my lunch in the schl cafeteria when I was a high schl student. Meals there were cheap. Many f my friends wuld bring lunch bxes r sandwich bags frm hme.
M: What is a sandwich bag?
W: Well, just like what we ften see in the Hllywd mvies. Yu knw, kids n the screen always take sandwiches in their hands r backpacks.
M: That sunds interesting.
W: Arthur is a friend f mine frm Brazil. He tld me that there was n cafeteria in his schl, and that he spent arund five hurs per day in schl.
M: Oh, that's cl.
W: That means he had t have lunch at hme r in a restaurant near the schl.
(Text 9)
W: Gd mrning, sir. I'm ding sme market research, and I'm hping yu might have a few minutes t answer sme questins.
M: Okay, sure.
W: Thanks a lt! First f all, d yu wn a persnal cmputer?
M: Of curse!
W: Hw lng have yu wned it?
M: I bught this cmputer tw years ag. But I gt my first cmputer ten years ag.
W: What d yu mainly use yur cmputer fr?
M: Well. I used t send e- mails and play nline games every day. But nw I spend mst f time seeking infrmatin n scial media platfrms.
W: D yu shp nline?
M: Yes, f curse. While I buy clthes and fd in the supermarket, I purchase digital prducts nline.
W: I see. Thank yu fr taking the time t answer. I hpe it wasn't t much truble.
M: Nt at all.
(Text 10)
What gift d yu usually expect? A card, a bag r a cmputer? Here is a different stry abut the American girl Adrianna Edwards. Edwards spent a lt f her time walking 14 miles nearly every day. In a few weeks, she lst 25 punds. But that was nt her purpse.
Edwards spent hurs n ft t get t wrk. The lng walk was abut t end, thanks t a cuple. She was ding a part- time jb in a restaurant. When the cuple wanted mre ice cream, she gt them sme extra. Hurs after leaving, the cuple returned nt lking fr ice cream but ffering her a car. The cuple had heard that Edwards walked t her wrkplace. They just wanted t help her save mre time t prepare fr her cllege life. Edwards was s tuched by that.
The next mrning, the first thing Edwards did was lk ut her windw t see if it was actually there, r if she dreamed it. She was abut t have a lt mre time. Walking t and frm wrk tk her abut 4. 5 hurs. With a vehicle, she culd drive back and frth in abut 30 minutes. The cuple gave her a nte saying that hpefully smeday she wuld just pay it frward.
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3. 选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。
4. 考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。
5. 本卷主要考查内容：至拓展创新学程二。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.
答案是C。
1. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Writer and reader. B. Dctr and patient. C. Teacher and student.
2. Why des the man make the phne call?
A. T place an rder. B. T apply fr a jb. C. T make a cmplaint.
3. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a bkstre. B. In a pst ffice. C. In a classrm.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A new stre. B. Italian dishes. C. Their supper.
5. Why has the man cme back?
A. T study here. B. T travel arund. C. T take a jb.
第二节（共15 小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What will the speakers d tgether?
A. Have dinner. B. Attend a party. C. See a mvie.
7. When will the man pick up the wman?
A. At 5: 00 p. m. B. At 6: 30 p. m. C. At 7: 00 p. m.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What's the wman's jb in England?
A. Imprting wines. B. Building huses. C. Guiding travellers.
9. Hw des the wman usually g t wrk?
A. By bus. B. By car. C. On ft.
10. What is the man's attitude tward his wrk?
A. Negative. B. Favurable. C. Unclear.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where did Mnica usually have her lunch in high schl?
A. At schl. B. At hme. C. In a restaurant.
12. Wh wuld bring lunch bxes t schl?
A. Eric’s friends. B. Mnica's friends. C. Arthur's friends.
13. Hw lng did Arthur stay in schl every day?
A. Abut 5 hurs. B. Abut 4 hurs. C. Abut 2 hurs.
听第9段材料，回答第14 至16题。
14. When did the man buy his present cmputer?
A. Tw years ag. B. Fur years ag. C. Ten years ag.
15. What des the man mainly use the cmputer t d at present?
A. Play nline games. B. Cllect infrmatin. C. Receive e- mails.
16. What des the man usually buy nline?
A. Fd. B. Clthes. C. Digital prducts.
听第10段材料, 回答第17 至20题。
17. Why did Edwards walk 14 miles every day?
A. T keep healthy. B. T lse weight. C. T get t wrk.
18. What gift did Edwards receive frm the cuple?
A. An ice cream. B. A car. C. A cmputer.
19. Hw did Edwards feel abut the cuple's help?
A. Guilty. B. Mved. C. Embarrassed.
20. What did the cuple wish Edwards t d?
A. G t cllege. B. Pay fr the gift. C. Offer help t thers.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Why Subscribe t Reader's Digest?
The wrld's best- lved general- interest publicatin cntains smething fr everyne. Reader's Digest magazine is bursting with stries, articles, advice, recipes, reviews, tips, jkes and anecdtes. Each issue is small enugh t fit in yur handbag r pcket, but big enugh t keep yu entertained fr weeks n end.
Frm regular clumns packed with infrmatin t gripping (扣人心弦的) human- interest stries and helpful hw-ts, ur magazine ffers knwledge, psitivity and humur. In this mnth's issue yu'll find. . .
An interview with Hugh Dancy
The newest additin t the cast f Dwntn Abbey n New Yrk, Law& Order, and the nstalgia (怀旧) f playing an English gentleman.
Saving the sund f the Stradivaius
Meet the experts fighting t save the unbeatable sund f histry's greatest vilins, meeting the lve f her life.
Cmmunity Pwer
Acrss the UK, cmmunities are cming tgether t save their pubs, shps, and mre.
If Grace Dent ruled the wrld
The restaurant critic shares her manifest (宣言) fr wrld dminatin.
SUBSCRIBE TODAY FROM AS LITTLE AS £ 22. 99
Our best price yet—It's nly £ 22. 99 fr a full ne- year subscriptin—A Saving f ver 50% OFF the usual £ 47. 88 retail price—and what’s mre, we will deliver it direct t yur dr fr free!
If yu dn't want t cmmit t a full year, we have the perfect taster package.
TRIAL NOW with 3 Issues fr ONLY £ 3!
Plus, make sure yu always keep up t date with all f the tp stries, news and prmtins frm Reader's Digest by subscribing t ur weekly newsletter.
21. If readers want t knw abut an actr, which ne shuld they read?
A. If Grace Dent ruled the wrld. B. Cmmunity Pwer.
C. Saving the sund f the Stradivaius. D. An interview with Hugh Dancy.
22. Hw much will yu save if yu take ut a full ne- year subscriptin tday?
A. £ 3. B. £ 22. 99. C. £ 24. 89. D. £ 47. 88.
23. What kind f writing is the passage?
A. An intrductin. B. A part f a fictin.
C. A research reprt. D. An advertisement.
B
Fr the 70 percent f the wrld's ppulatin withut any chance f using electric washing machines, keeping up with laundry takes up a lt f time. And it is ften a painful physical task. The task falls unreasnably t wmen and girls, wh can spend 20 hurs a week washing clthes, ften withut electricity r running water. Lndn engineer Navjt Sawhney, hwever, has cme up with an idea: a prtable and lightweight washing machine that is similar t a plastic drum. It als des duble duty as a dryer, and csts arund $60.
31- year- ld Sawhney calls it the Divya, after the wman wh inspired the prject—his frmer next- dr neighbur in Suth India, where he spent a year vlunteering after leaving his jb as an engineer at high- end vacuum (真空吸尘器) maker Dysn. “When I gt t knw Divya, I was s sad abut all the unpaid wrk she needed t d—cleaning clthes,” says Sawhney. In 2018, he returned t the United Kingdm t fund “The Washing Machine Prject”, which is develping a washing slutin that will be affrdable, prtable and accessible fr everyne, everywhere. After a few mnths f develping a mdel, he received sme mney frm Oxfam's Iraq Respnse Innvatin Lab.
Since March 2019, mre than 150 Divyas have been given ut t refugees in Iraq thrugh nn- prfit partners. “The respnse was great,” Sawhney says. His gal is t deliver 8, 000 machines in 10 cuntries ver the next three years. By saving 75 percent f the time and 50 percent f the water required t wash clthes, he says, wmen and girls will be freer t accept educatin.
Aside frm the Divya, Sawhney has als wrked n making fuel- efficient ckstves, and plans t develp refrigeratrs, cnditiners, and lighting. Sawhney sees the wrld's grwing refugee crisis as a call fr innvatin: “There is a huge need fr appliances that make life better fr peple.”
24. What did Navjt Sawhney d t help the wmen in India?
A. He vlunteered t wash clthes fr them.
B. He prvided them with free access t educatin.
C. He called n peple in his cmmunity t dnate clthes.
D. He wrked ut a slutin by inventing a washing machine.
25. What inspired Navjt Sawhney t fund the prject?
A. His neighbur's experience. B. His previus wrk in Dysn.
C. The supprt f a science lab. D. The request f refugees in Iraq.
26. What can we infer abut the prject in Paragraph 3?
A. It is highly praised. B. It fcuses n educatin.
C. It has created many jbs. D. It has earned a lt f mney.
27. Which f the fllwing can best describe Navjt Sawhney?
A. Selfless and hnest. B. Helpful and serius.
C. Caring and creative. D. Thughtful and strict.
C
Our brains have an “aut- crrect” feature that we use when re- interpreting ambiguus (含混不清的) sunds, accrding t new research. The study sheds light n hw the brain uses infrmatin gathered after the discvering f an initial sund t aid speech cmprehensin. The findings pint t new ways we use infrmatin and cntext t aid in speech cmprehensin.
“What a persn thinks they hear des nt always match the actual signals that reach the ear,” explains lead authr Laura Gwilliams. “This is because the brain re- evaluates the interpretatin f a speech sund at the mment each fllwing speech sund is heard in rder t update interpretatins as necessary,” Gwilliams says.
It's well knwn that the perceptin f a speech sund is determined by its surrunding cntext—in the frm f wrds, sentences and ther speech sunds. This plays ut in everyday life—when we talk, the actual speech we prduce is ften ambiguus. Fr example, when a friend says she has a “dent (凹痕) ” in her car, yu may hear “tent”. Althugh this kind f ambiguity happens regularly, we, as listeners, are hardly aware f it. “This is because the brain autmatically reslves the ambiguity fr us— it picks an interpretatin and that's what we perceive t hear, ” explains Gwilliams. “The way the brain des this is by using the surrunding cntext t narrw dwn the pssibilities f what the speaker may mean.”
In the study, the researchers sught t understand hw the brain uses this fllwing infrmatin t adjust ur perceptin f what we initially heard. T d this, they cnducted a series f experiments in which the subjects listened t islated syllables and similarly sunding wrds. Their results prduced three primary findings: The brain's primary auditry crtex (听觉皮层) is sensitive t hw ambiguus a speech sund is at just 50 millisecnds after the sund's appearance. The brain “replays” previus speech sunds while interpreting the fllwing nes, suggesting re-evaluatin as the rest f the wrd unflds. The brain makes cmmitments t its “best guess” f hw t interpret the signal after abut half a secnd.
28. What is the study mainly abut?
A. Why sme peple prcess infrmatin faster. B. Hw brains tell apart useful infrmatin.
C. Hw brains understand unclear wrds. D. Why peple make unclear sunds.
29. What des the authr want t shw by giving the example in Paragraph 3?
A. Peple are likely t mistake a wrd fr smething familiar.
B. Peple can understand thers even if they mishear a wrd.
C. Peple are mre likely t mishear their friends.
D. It is nrmal fr peple t make unclear sunds.
30. What d we knw abut the unclear wrds in the experiments?
A. They stpped us thinking further. B. They led t misunderstanding.
C. They were nticed instantly. D. They seemed t be useless.
31. What des the underlined part “the signal” in the last paragraph refer t?
A. The fllwing speech sund. B. The unclearly sunding wrd.
C. The similarly sunding wrd. D. The islated syllable.
D
On Inaccessible Island, yu hear the sund f the Inaccessible Island rails (秧鸡) everywhere. The small flightless birds mve arund, feeding n wrms and berries. During a trip in 2011, it tk days fr Stervander, then a dctral student, t spt ne. “Even then, yu see smething little and dark, running fr a secnd, and that's abut it,” he says. Catching ne, thugh, prved easy. When scientists played a recrding f the bird's call, a male and female ran int the net a few minutes later.
Inaccessible Island rails live nly n Inaccessible Island. “N ne knew the histry,” says Stervander, nw a research fellw at the University f Oregn. He aimed t answer the questin abut these birds: Hw did they get t Inaccessible Island t begin with?
The first scientist t describe the rail was Percy Lwe. He thught the bird was frm Africa and had always been flightless. In his view, it had arrived at the island by walking ver land bridges. But nw the science f plate tectnics (板块构造论) suggests that's nt the case. In a recent paper, Stervander and his clleagues give evidence fr a different versin.
After studying the genme f the rails, scientists fund the Inaccessible Island rail's clsest relative—the crake in Uruguay. Bth birds are related t the black rail in America. The finding suggests the ancestrs f these birds culd fly. That means Inaccessible Island rails flew t their present hme, and like many birds living n islands with n predatrs (捕食者) , they gradually lst the ability t fly. Flying takes energy, s if there's n reasn t fly, it's mre practical nt t.
On this island, there's a grwing ppulatin f rails, but they' re fragile. Shuld a predatr reach the island, it culd make quick wrk f the birds. Peple n nearby islands are careful t avid intrducing any predatrs t Inaccessible Island, and the risk is lw, given hw hard it is t get there. Fr nw, the rails live peacefully in a place where few humans are eager t g.
32. What can we learn abut the Inaccessible Island rails?
A. They mve arund quickly. B. They are nt afraid f humans.
C. They are hard t trap. D. They can be seen everywhere.
33. What caused the Inaccessible Island rails t becme flightless?
A. Their way t search fr fd. B. Their cnnectin with their ancestrs.
C. Their lack f energy. D. Their living envirnment.
34. Which best describes the present situatin f the Inaccessible Island rails?
A. Unexpected. B. Dangerus. C. Safe. D. Tugh.
35. What's the best title fr the text?
A. Hw Did the Flightless Bird Get t Inaccessible Island?
B. Why are Inaccessible Island Rails Limited n the Island?
C. The Develpment f Rails n Inaccessible Island
D. The Need t Prtect Flightless Inaccessible Island Rails
第二节（共5 小题；每小题 2. 5分，满分 12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Are wrms the heres we didn't knw we needed? Silent, slimy and wriggling (扭动) , yu might think that wrms are gd fr nthing except bait (诱饵) n the end f a fishing ple. 36
The British naturalist Charles Darwin said that n ther animal has “played such an imprtant part in the histry f the wrld as these lwly rganised creatures”. They have lived n Earth fr 600 millin years and have even survived five mass extinctins. 37
Earthwrms literally mve the earth, and this is why farmers lve them. As they travel, they aerate (使透气) the sil by lsening, mixing and xygenating it. 38 They are effectively a small but very efficient plugh (犁) . But it's nt just earthwrms that deserve praise.
In 2022, a grup f scientists at the Margarita Salas Centre fr Bilgical Research islated enzymes (酶) fund in wax wrm saliva (唾液) which are plastic- eating. 39 It's hped that by prducing these enzymes n an industry- level scale, we will have a mre envirnmentally friendly way t reduce plastic pllutin.
40 Bldwrms are small sea creatures which press themselves int the mud f the cean flr. Scientists at the University f Califrnia, Santa Barbara have been studying their jaws, which are made up f 10% cpper prteins (铜蛋白) and are s strng that they last the wrm's entire five- year lifespan. Because f this research, engineers may start using the jaws as inspiratin fr the design and manufacture f materials like cncrete.
S, next time yu see a wrm, shw it a little respect. They really are changing the wrld!
A. Wrms have a lifespan f a few mnths.
B. S, what d wrms d that is s great?
C. It increases the grund's capacity t hld and empty water.
D. And wrms are even inspiring the building industry.
E. Humans prduce mre than 300 millin tns f plastic every year.
F. Hwever, there is mre t the humble wrm than meets the eye.
G. These can break dwn a very cmmn plastic that nrmally breaks dwn ver many years.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30 分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分 15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A few mnths ag, I was dwn with a terrible cld which ended in a bad cugh. N matter hw many different medicines I tried, I 41 culdn't get rid f the cugh. Nt nly did it 42 my teaching but als my life as a whle.
Then ne day after class, a student came up t me and 43 traditinal Chinese medicine. Frm her descriptin, Chinese medicine sunded as if it had magic pwer that 44 . I was 45 because I knew s little abut it and have never tried it befre. 46 , my cugh gt s much wrse that I culdn't sleep at night, s I decided t give it a 47 . The Chinese dctr tk my pulse and asked t see my tngue, bth f which were new experience t me because they are bth 48 in Western medicine, where diagnsis relies heavily n 49 . Then the dctr gave me a scraping (刮) treatment knwn as “Gua Sha”. I was a little 50 at first because he used a smth edged tl t scrape the skin n my neck and shulders.
A few minutes later, the treatment started t prduce a 51 effect and my bdy and mind began t sink deeper int 52 . I didn't feel any imprvement in my 53 in the first cuple f days, but after a few mre regular visits t the dctr, my cugh started t 54 . Then within a matter f weeks, it was cmpletely 55 !
41. A. still B. even C. currently D. certainly
42. A. facilitate B. benefit C. incnvenience D. change
43. A. recmmended B. sld C. prescribed D. adpted
44. A. set trends B. brught rewards C. changed rules D. wrked wnders
45. A. excited B. hesitant C. ptimistic D. nervus
46. A. Cnsequently B. Eventually C. Admittedly D. Surprisingly
47. A. break B. lk C. sht D. miss
48. A. frequently- used B. nnexistent C. highly- recmmended D. nneffective
49. A. dctrs B. hspitals C. symptms D. machines
50. A. unsatisfied B. tired C. disappinted D. scared
51. A. relieving B. damaging C. stimulating D. cling
52. A. relaxatin B. pain C. uneasiness D. depressin
53. A. capability B. strength C. cnditin D. circumstance
54. A. wrsen B. lessen C. lengthen D. quicken
55. A. unexpected B. fine C. different D. gne
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Spending time in the great utdrs is a full- n sensry experience with endless skies, beautiful frests, the sunds f the wind and the warm feeling f sunrays 56 (rest) n yur face. In additin t nature's 57 (enjy) sights, sunds and sensatins, the familiar smells f nature can be just as appealing. In fact, a recent study fund that nature desn't just smell gd, but its fragrances make peple feel gd as well.
The researchers frm the University f Kent in the UK 58 (send) 194 participants t relax in the wdlands thrughut the fur seasns. The participants reprted feeling relaxed when they smelled 59 they described as “fresh air” r “earthy” smells. Accrding t the study, these smells brught back fun memries f their childhds. 60 instance, pine trees made sme participants think abut Christmas.
“We fund that smells affected multiple fields f well- being with physical well- being discussed mst 61 (frequent) , particularly in relatin t relaxatin, cmfrt and rejuvenatin (恢复活力) ,” wrte the researchers in the study. They als fund that peple feel mre settled in a smell- free zne, this result pssibly 62 (link) t the absence f bad- smelling urban smells, like pllutin.
Dr Jessica Fisher, study c- authr, pinted ut these results culd 63 (apply) in future practice. In his pinin, when 64 cmes t enjying a hike in the wds r a picnic under the pen skies, it pays 65 (keep) nt nly ne’ eyes and ears, but als ne’s nse, pen.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分 15 分）
假定你是李华，你校广播站将增加15分钟的英语节目 (Special English) 。请你给负责的外教 Bb写一个邮件，内容包括：
1. 对该举措的态度；
2. 对内容的建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Bb,
Yurs, Li Hua
第二节（满分 25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jackie Oelfke, a retired bank manager, pays great attentin t develping children's independent financial awareness frm an early age. She bught a piggy bank (存钱罐) fr every child. She even passed n the gd traditin t her granddaughter, Sunshine Oelfke. When Sunshine was just brn, Jackie Oelfke bught her a large piggy bank. They used the piggy bank as a ty. Later, when Sunshine grew lder, they wuld pur ut cins and play games. When they had small change, they tk the cins back and put them in the mney strage tank, enjying it tirelessly. What they lack is nt mney, but a gd habit. The little girl has always believed in this cncept: even if yu are rich, yu shuld be careful with yur mney.
Tw weeks ag, the 7- year- ld girl emptied her piggy bank nt the living rm flr after schl and immediately started cunting. Jackie thught she was playing as she carefully lined up the cins, but then she saw the girl put the cins int a plastic bag and place it in her backpack. Her mind was s busily engaged that she did nt always knw when she was silent.
“That arused my curisity,” Jackie said. “Nbdy messes with the piggy bank.” After bserving Sunshine at wrk fr a few minutes lnger, Jackie decided t find ut why the little girl brke int her savings.
“What are yu ding with that mney?” Jackie asked her granddaughter with a smile.
“I'm taking it t schl,” Sunshine replied withut lking. She seemed t struggle befre talking t her grandma. The little girl finally stated the real reasn why she needed the mney. “I'm ging t take it fr milk mney. My friend Layla desn't get milk—her mum desn't have milk mney and I d. ”
As a special guest, Jackie nce went t participate in activities rganized at Sunshine’s schl. Sunshine's teacher, Rita Hausher, tld her that many students in her class came frm pr families, and she remembered having Layla. At that time, she had the idea f helping them, but she didn't knw hw t d it mre apprpriately.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Jackie's heart melted at Sunshine's wrds.
Jackie psted a tearful vide nline t explain her granddaughter's plan.
江苏省盐城市盐城八校2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题
参考答案、提示及评分细则
1~5 CAACC 6~10 ABAAB 11~15 ABAAB 16~20 CCBBC
21. D 细节理解题。根据第一个小标题 An interview with Hugh Dancy 中 “playing an English gentleman” 可知，想了解一个演员，需要看 An interview with Hugh Dancy。
22. C 细节理解题。根据 “Our best price yet— It's nly £ 22. 99 fr a full ne- year subscriptin—A Saving f ver 50% OFF the usual £ 47. 88 retail price” 可知，可节约£ 24. 89。
23. D 推理判断题。本文先简单介绍了读者文摘，以及列举了其中一期的内容，最后两部分重点介绍了订阅费用，所以是通过介绍读者文摘使读者订阅的广告。
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。英国工程师 Navjt Sawhney在印度贫民窟受到启发，发明了一款便携式洗衣机。
24. D 细节理解题。 根据第一段的 “Lndn engineer Navjt Sawhney, hwever, has cme up with an idea: a prtable and lightweight washing machine that is similar t a plastic drum.” 可知，为了帮助印度的妇女, Navjt Sawhney 发明了一种洗衣机来解决这个问题。
25. A 细节理解题。根据第二段的 “31- year- ld Sawhney calls it the Divya, after the wman wh inspired the prject— his frmer next- dr neighbur in Suth India, where he spent a year vlunteering after leaving his jb as an engineer at high- end vacuum maker Dysn.” 可知，Navjt Sawhney 在印度做志愿服务时看到邻居的洗衣经历，让他有了创立“洗衣机项目”的灵感。
26. A 推理判断题。根据第三段的 “Since March 2019, mre than 150 Divyas have been given ut t refugees in Iraq thrugh nn- prfit partners. ‘The respnse was great, ’ Sawhney says.” 可知，这款洗衣机反响很好，由此推知，该项目得到很高的评价。
27. C 推理判断题。文中讲述了 Navjt Sawhney为了帮助印度贫困地区的妇女洗衣服而发明了洗衣机，由此可推知，他既有爱心又很有创造力。
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。日常生活中，我们有可能没有听清楚对方说的某一个词语，但这并不影响我们对整个语意的理解，因为我们的大脑有自动纠错的功能。
28. C 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，研究表明，我们的大脑在重新解读含混不清的词语时可以自动纠错。该项研究主要是关于大脑如何理解发音不清楚的单词。
29. B 推理判断题。结合第三段内容和文中作者举出的例子可推知，作者首先强调人们主要依赖语境对人们所说的话语进行理解，接着给出一个例子，说明人们有可能会将朋友说的 dent听成tent，但这一点也不影响人们对朋友整个话语的理解。
30. C 细节理解题。 根据最后一段的 “The brain's primary auditry crtex is sensitive t hw ambiguus a speech sund is at just 50 millisecnds after the sund's appearance” 可知，大脑的初级听觉皮层在声音出现50毫秒后马上会注意到这个声音有多含糊不清。
31. B 词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句子的上下文可知，研究者在对大脑处理听得不清楚的词的实验中得出三个结论，最后一个结论是大脑会在半秒钟后做出如何解读信号的“最佳猜测”。这里的信号指的就是前面提到的没有听清楚的词。
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。在 Inaccessible Island (伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛) 生活着一种无法飞行的小鸟。那么它们是如何到达这座小岛的呢?
32. A 细节理解题。根据第一段的 “ ‘Even then, yu see smething little and dark, running fr a secnd, and that's abut it,’ he says.” 可知，Inaccessible Island (伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛) 的秧鸡行动敏捷，被人们看到后转眼就跑没影了。
33. D 细节理解题。根据第四段的 “like many birds living n islands with n predatrs, they gradually lst the ability t fly” 可知，在 Inaccessible Island (伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛) 没有天敌，秧鸡逐渐失去了飞行的能力。也就是说，它们的生活环境导致它们失去飞行能力。
34. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，人们很注意对 Inaccessible Island (伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛) 秧鸡的保护，避免引入捕食者到岛上，另外小岛也很难到达，所以相对来说风险也小。因此，目前秧鸡的情况是比较安全的。
35. A 标题归纳题。综合全文内容特别是第二段中 “He aimed t answer the questin abut these birds: Hw did they get t Inaccessible Island t begin with?” 可知，本文主要就 Inaccessible Island (伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛) 生活的没有飞行能力的秧鸡是如何到达这座岛屿的话题展开讨论，介绍了科学家的相关研究发现。
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了小小的蠕虫，它们默默无闻、粘粘乎乎，还扭来扭去，但它们足以被称为大英雄。
36. F 考查上下文逻辑关系。根据文章首句和后文五个段落可知蠕虫是不为所知的大英雄。空前句说明蠕虫的卑微，所填句与之形成转折关系，且为后文内容的总结句。
37. B 考查概括句。此句承接前文，与后面三个段落之间为“总分关系”，主要介绍蠕虫有什么厉害之处。
38. C 考查上下文逻辑关系。空格前一句意为“当它们行动的时候，它们通过使其变松、混合和对其供氧的方式，让土壤透气。”C 项符合语境。
39. G 考查上下文逻辑关系。空前句介绍蠕虫消化塑料，空后句意：希望能够通过工业级规模来生产这些酶，我们将有一种更环保的方式来减少塑料的污染。由此可知所填句为空前句的进一步拓展。
40. D 考查段落之间的关系。此段与前面三个段落之间为并列关系，主要介绍蠕虫对建筑行业的贡献。所填句为句首，为该段中心句。
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在因感冒引起的咳嗽久治未愈的情况下，接受了学生的建议，尝试中医刮痧等治疗之后，奇迹般地痊愈的经历。
41. A 根据上句话的内容及前面 n matter从句内容可知此处应为 still。
42. C 根据常识 “cugh” 与 “teaching” 、 “life” 之间的关联的动词最好是 incnvenience (带来不便) 。
43. A 根据下句内容可知学生是在向“我”推荐中医疗法。
44. D 根据之前的 “Chinese medicine” 及 “magical pwer” 可知答案应该是 wrked wnders (创造奇迹) 。
45. B 根据后面的 because 从句内容可知答案。
46. B 根据事件的发展及后面 that从句内容可知答案。
47. C give it a sht (试试) 。
48. B 空格前的 “they” 应该是指 “tk my pulse and asked t see my tngue” ，根据常识及前文的 “new experience” 可知答案。
49. D 根据主语 “diagnsis” 以及中西医区别的常识可知答案应为 machines。
50. D 根据后面 because 从句内容可知答案。
51. A 根据后文中提到的治疗效果，以及 “and” 后分句内容可知，最佳答案应该是 relieving (放松的) 。
52. A 与51题答案相照应。
53. C cnditin 病情。
54. B my cugh started t lessen (我的咳嗽有所减轻) 。
55. D 根据上句的内容和主语 it (cugh) 可知，此处应该选 gne 表示咳嗽消失了。
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主题语境为人与自然。研究表明，大自然芳香的气味能改善幸福感。
56. resting 考查非谓语动词。sunrays与空白处所填词在逻辑上是主谓关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。
57. enjyable 考查词性转换。空白处所填词在文中作定语修饰 “sights, sunds and sensatins” ，故填形容词 enjyable。
58. sent 考查动词时态。根据下一句中的 “The participants reprted. . .” 可知，谓语动词动作发生在过去, 故用一般过去时。
59. what 考查名词性从句。空白处所填词引导宾语从句且在从句中作 described的宾语，故填 what。
60. Fr 考查介词。fr instance意为“例如”。
61. frequently 考查副词。空白处所填词作状语修饰动词 “discussed” ，故填副词 frequently。
62. linked 考查非谓语动词。此处是“逻辑主语+过去分词”独立主格。
63. be applied 考查动词语态。 “these results” 是 “apply” 动作的承受者，故用被动语态；culd 在此用于表示“可能性”。
64. it 考查代词。when it cmes t. . . 为固定句型，意为“谈到，涉及……”。
65. t keep 考查非谓语动词。句中 it作形式主语，空白处用不定式作真正主语。
第一节
One pssible versin:
Dear Bb,
I am glad t hear the news f the upcming additin f Special English. This nt nly increases the pprtunities fr us students t practice English listening, but als enriches ur campus cultural atmsphere.
Given the limited time, I think the cntent shuld nt nly be nvel but als shrt, including campus news, student interviews, English knwledge and ther frms. At the same time, we shuld cnstantly listen t the pinins f ur schlmates and stimulate their enthusiasm fr learning English.
I believe that under yur guidance, this prgram will becme better and better.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节
One pssible versin:
Jackie's heart melted at Sunshine's wrds. Chked with strng feelings, Jackie held her sweet granddaughter tightly in her arms. Peple must understand that actins speak luder than wrds. Last week, Jackie and Sunshine met with her teacher, Rita Hausher, and handed her the $30 the kindergartner had saved. There are 20 kids in Sunshine's class and abut half dn't get milk. It csts $0. 45 a cartn. The ttal adds up t abut $180 a mnth fr every child in the class t have milk every day.
Jackie psted a tearful vide nline t explain her granddaughter's plan. T her surprise, dzens f peple ffered t dnate t the cause. Within a week, Jackie raised mre than $1, 000. Nw every student in Sunshine's class can get free milk fr the rest f the year. Jackie said Sunshine desn't see her kind act as a big deal. She was just trying t lk ut fr her friends. “She desn't understand the effect she's brught abut, ” Jackie said. “ But nw she knws she can d whatever she puts her mind t. ”
听力部分录音材料
(Text 1)
M: What's the matter, Cindy?
W: I wnder if I culd hand in my paper next Mnday, Prfessr Smith, because I have a bad headache.
M: N prblem. Have a gd rest.
(Text 2)
W: Hell. This is the sales department.
M: Hell. This is Jhn Smith f GPF Cmpany. We need ten cmputers fr ur design ffice. Wuld yu please give me a price?
(Text 3)
M: I'll answer yur questin as sn as I finish wrapping the bks fr the gentleman.
W: Dn't wrry abut it. I'll have a lk at yur new bks.
(Text 4)
W: Let's eat ut tnight. An Italian restaurant arund the crner pened last week.
M: OK. I like Italian fd. Let's reserve a table nw, r we will have t wait fr a lng time.
(Text 5)
W: Hi, Alex. I haven't seen yu fr a lng time. Where have yu been?
M: I studied in Canada fr tw years and then travelled arund Eurpe. Nw, I'm back t wrk here.
(Text 6)
W: Hell, this is Jennifer calling.
M: Hell, Jennifer. This is Tny speaking.
W: I wnder if yu have time t have dinner with me this evening.
M: What time?
W: It's up t yu. I am free all night.
M: I have t g t a party this afternn, and I dn't think I will be back until 5 'clck. S hw abut7 'clck?
W: OK. Can yu cme and pick me up half an hur early?
M: That's OK.
W: If yu cme back early, please call me. We can see a mvie first.
M: Sunds wnderful. I wuld really like t see a mvie with yu, but I dn't think there is enugh time.
W: All right. We can see a mvie next time.
(Text 7)
M: Tell me abut yur life in England. What d yu d every day?
W: Well, I wrk in my father's business, imprting wines. I live with my family.
M: Hw d yu get t wrk? D yu catch a bus?
W: Usually. Smetimes I g with my father in his car. What abut yu? What d yu d?
M: I'm a builder. I build huses.
W: And hw d yu get t wrk?
M: I drive. I have t use my car ften in my wrk. I never g by bus.
W: D yu enjy yur wrk?
M: Yes. It's nt easy being a builder, but I prefer t wrk utside.
W: I never wrk utside. Occasinally I travel thugh—like nw.
(Text 8)
W: Eric, did yu use t have lunch at schl?
M: N. In high schl, students usually have a tw- hur break fr lunch in my hmetwn. S, I wuld cme back hme fr lunch. What abut yu, Mnica?
W: I had my lunch in the schl cafeteria when I was a high schl student. Meals there were cheap. Many f my friends wuld bring lunch bxes r sandwich bags frm hme.
M: What is a sandwich bag?
W: Well, just like what we ften see in the Hllywd mvies. Yu knw, kids n the screen always take sandwiches in their hands r backpacks.
M: That sunds interesting.
W: Arthur is a friend f mine frm Brazil. He tld me that there was n cafeteria in his schl, and that he spent arund five hurs per day in schl.
M: Oh, that's cl.
W: That means he had t have lunch at hme r in a restaurant near the schl.
(Text 9)
W: Gd mrning, sir. I'm ding sme market research, and I'm hping yu might have a few minutes t answer sme questins.
M: Okay, sure.
W: Thanks a lt! First f all, d yu wn a persnal cmputer?
M: Of curse!
W: Hw lng have yu wned it?
M: I bught this cmputer tw years ag. But I gt my first cmputer ten years ag.
W: What d yu mainly use yur cmputer fr?
M: Well. I used t send e- mails and play nline games every day. But nw I spend mst f time seeking infrmatin n scial media platfrms.
W: D yu shp nline?
M: Yes, f curse. While I buy clthes and fd in the supermarket, I purchase digital prducts nline.
W: I see. Thank yu fr taking the time t answer. I hpe it wasn't t much truble.
M: Nt at all.
(Text 10)
What gift d yu usually expect? A card, a bag r a cmputer? Here is a different stry abut the American girl Adrianna Edwards. Edwards spent a lt f her time walking 14 miles nearly every day. In a few weeks, she lst 25 punds. But that was nt her purpse.
Edwards spent hurs n ft t get t wrk. The lng walk was abut t end, thanks t a cuple. She was ding a part- time jb in a restaurant. When the cuple wanted mre ice cream, she gt them sme extra. Hurs after leaving, the cuple returned nt lking fr ice cream but ffering her a car. The cuple had heard that Edwards walked t her wrkplace. They just wanted t help her save mre time t prepare fr her cllege life. Edwards was s tuched by that.
The next mrning, the first thing Edwards did was lk ut her windw t see if it was actually there, r if she dreamed it. She was abut t have a lt mre time. Walking t and frm wrk tk her abut 4. 5 hurs. With a vehicle, she culd drive back and frth in abut 30 minutes. The cuple gave her a nte saying that hpefully smeday she wuld just pay it frward.
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