2023-2024学年山东省济南市高一（上）月考英语试卷

这是一份2023-2024学年山东省济南市高一（上）月考英语试卷，共27页。试卷主要包含了5分）第一节 听下面5段对话等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1．（1.5分）Hw will the wman g t Laura's huse？
A.By bike.
B.By bus.
C.By car.
2．（1.5分）Hw des Helen prbably feel nw？
A.Excited.
B.Terrible.
C.Relaxed.
3．（1.5分）What des the man advise the wman t d？
A.Learn a language.
B.Play a sprt.
C.Take an art lessn.
4．（1.5分）Where will the speakers meet this afternn？
A.At the cinema.
B.At the sprts center.
C.At the train statin.
5．（1.5分）What are the speakers talking abut？
A.A newspaper.
B.A website.
C.A news reprt.
第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
6．（3分）（1）What animal des the wman's daughter want t keep？
A.A cat.
B.A dg.
C.A hrse.
（2）Why des the man suggest keeping cats？
A.They are independent.
B.They are beautiful.
C.They are cheap.
7．（4.5分）（1）What clr was the wman's bedrm painted？
A.Blue.
B.White.
C.Orange.
（2）What des the wman dislike？
A.The lights.
B.The mirrr.
C.The pictures.
（3）What des the wman want t be？
A.A scientist.
B.A hst.
C.A designer.
8．（4.5分）（1）Which grup des the wman's daughter belng t？
A.The baby's.
B.The preschler's.
C.The kid's.
（2）What des the wman's daughter have truble ding？
A.Sleeping.
B.Drawing.
C.Dressing herself.
（3）When will the wman's daughter be sent t the center？
A.On Mnday and Tuesday.
B.On Tuesday and Wednesday.
C.On Mnday and Wednesday.
9．（6分）（1）Why des the wman cme t the man？
A.T express thanks.
B.T start a meeting.
C.T ask fr help.
（2）When did the man start t learn Russian prperly？
A.In high schl.
B.During the vacatin.
C.In cllege.
（3）What was the mst imprtant part fr the man in learning French？
A.Taking a curse in it.
B.Spending time in Paris.
C.Learning frm her parents.
（4）What has the man been busy ding recently？
A.Learning a new language.
B.Preparing fr an exam.
C.Finding a jb.
10．（4.5分）（1）Hw lng des the water park pen each day？
A.Seven hurs.
B.Eight hurs.
C.Nine hurs.
（2）What can we knw abut the mini﹣sccer？
A.It is free fr the lcals.
B.It needs bking ahead.
C.It can be very busy.
（3）Hw can the turists bk the bus tickets t the twn f Levingtn？
A.Frm the bus driver.
B.Frm the htel manager.
C.Frm the park website.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节 （共15 小题； 每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
11．（7.5分）
（1）What is required f the vlunteer teachers？
A．An English Educatin degree.
B．One year's vlunteer experience.
C．Staying fr ver fur weeks.
D．Being at least 23 years ld.
（2）Hw is the Primary Schl different frm the Secndary Schl？
A．It is far away frm Mwaya Beach.
B．It desn't ffer English classes.
C．It desn't have big classes.
D．Its educatin is easy fr the pr t get.
（3）What are vlunteers expected t d？
A．Give lessns t lcal students.
B．Act as helpers t lcal teachers.
C．Help with the teacher training.
D．Take the jb f lcal teachers.
12．（10分） I am sitting at the table in my favrite Bstn bkstre﹣café，laptp pen，writing.Ten minutes ag I rdered cffee.The server—a yung，dark﹣haired wman with a brad smile and glasses—stpped and quietly said， "I just want t tell yu hw much yur TED talk meant t me，yu helped me find ut what I really wanted t d with my life—g t medical schl—and then yu helped me d what I needed t d t get there.Thank yu."
Tears in my eyes，I asked， "What's yur name？"
"Fetaine，" she said.Then we talked fr the next ten minutes abut Fetaine's challenges in the past and new﹣fund excitement abut her future.
Everyne wh cmmunicates with me is special and memrable，but this kind f cmmunicatin happens far mre ften than I'd ever have expected：a stranger warmly greets me，shares a persnal stry abut hw they successfully dealt with difficulties，and then simply thanks me fr my part in it.They are wmen and men，ld and yung，pr and wealthy.But smething cnnects them：all have felt pwerless in the face f great pressure and anxiety（焦虑），and all discvered a quite simple way t free themselves frm that feeling f pwerlessness.
Fr mst writers，the bk cmes first，then the respnses.Fr me，it was the ther way arund.First，I perfrmed experiments that led t a talk I gave at the TEDGlbal cnference in 2012.In that talk，I discussed sme interesting findings abut hw we can quickly increase ur cnfidence and decrease（减轻） ur anxiety in challenging situatins.I als shared my wn trubles and hw I learned t becme mre cnfident.Sn after the twenty﹣ne﹣minute vide f the talk was psted n the Internet，I began hearing frm peple wh had seen it.
Of curse，watching my talk didn't magically give Fetaine the knwledge she needed t d well n Medical Cllege Admissin Test.But it may have helped her get ut f the fear that culd have prevented her frm expressing the things she knew.
（1）What happened in the Bstn bkstre﹣café？
A．The writer waited ten minutes fr her cffee.
B．The writer came acrss a friend f hers.
C．A waitress expressed her thanks t the writer.
D．A waitress encuraged the writer t give a TED talk.
（2）What d thse peple wh cmmunicate with the writer have in cmmn？
A．They nce faced prblems and felt helpless.
B．They shared persnal stries abut strangers.
C．They were famus but under great pressure.
D．They were afraid t cmmunicate with thers.
（3）What may be the theme f the writer's talk in 2012？
A．Hw t increase cnfidence.
B．Hw t perfrm meaningful experiments.
C．Hw t vercme anxiety in a talk.
D．Hw t find interesting things in life.
（4）Hw did the writer influence Fetaine in the writer's eyes？
A．She gave Fetaine pwer t lk t the future.
B．She helped Fetaine with her knwledge.
C．She advised Fetaine t g t medical schl.
D．She helped Fetaine t get a gd jb.
13．（10分） Plastic is lw﹣cst and lng﹣lasting.It is nt easily degraded（降解） because natural degradatin prcesses can't deal with its chemical cmpnents（成分）.It takes in ther cean﹣present harmful substances.These chemical and dangerus cmpnents are gradually gt int the atmsphere with additives such as clr，which turns ut t be really harmful when the plastic breaks dwn.
The design and develpment f new plastic prducts was sped up after Wrld War II.Life withut plastic seemed impssible in the mdern age.But even thugh plastic was quite cnvenient，the dark side f it was seen as peple began t enjy the thrw﹣away cmmunity.Many plastic prducts，such as plastic bags，have a lifetime f a few minutes t hurs.Hwever，they'll stay in the envirnment fr hundreds f years.We are destrying the very wrld that nurtured us.
Just 9% f plastic has been recycled and 12% burnt after prductin rse in the 1950s，which leave s abut 79% f the 8.3 billin tns prduced sitting in landfills（垃圾填埋场） r damaging ur fields，ceans，and waterways.And each year the plastic ends up as cntaminants.S t beat plastic pllutin，we need t wrk tgether.
While plastic burning reduces the amunt f waste dumped int ceans and lands，harmful gases are still prduced，which als leads t greenhuse gases.Hwever，if we make a firm decisin and use mdern waste management methds，we will be able t create a safe and healthy wrld.It is high time that we as respnsible glbal citizens，tk n the duty f prtecting ur envirnment and made great effrt in saving ur mther earth，instead f just leaving everything t ur gvernment.S，ladies and gentlemen，let's make a prmise t successfully deal with plastic waste and prtect ur wrld frm all pssible risks.
（1）What is Paragraph 1 mainly abut？
A．The harm f plastic.
B．The cnvenience f plastic.
C．The prtectin f plastic.
D．The use f plastic.
（2）Which wrd can best describe the writer's feeling in Paragraph 2？
A．Happy.
B．Wrried.
C．Excited.
D．Relaxed.
（3）What des the underlined wrd "cntaminants" in Paragraph 3 mean？
A．Things that cause pllutin.
B．Things that prduce plastic.
C．Things that cst mney.
D．Things that help peple.
（4）Frm which is the text mst prbably taken？
A．A shrt stry.
B．A speech.
C．A newspaper.
D．A ntice.
14．（10分） All languages change ver time.New vcabulary is ften required fr the latest inventins r ideas.But a language can als change fr reasns that are nt clear.
Language changes whenever speakers cmmunicate with each ther.Peple frm different places clearly speak differently，but even within the same small cmmunity，peple speak differently depending n their age，rigin，and scial and educatinal backgrund.When we cmmunicate with these different speakers，in different situatins，we hear new wrds and expressins，and can make them a part f ur wn speech.Even if yur family has lived in the same area fr generatins，yu can prbably see a number f differences between the language yu use and the way yur grandparents speak.When enugh time has passed，the influence f these changes becmes clearer.
During the 18th century，Jnathan Swift，the Irish writer，and many ther peple felt the English language was in serius decline （衰落） and that a natinal rganizatin — like thse in France and Italy — shuld be created t save the language.Swift nce wrte that we shuld find a way t stp ur language frm changing.Even tday，we hear peple cmplaining abut a lack f "standards （标准）" in spken and written English.New wrds and expressins，r changes in grammar，are ften cnsidered bad.
Mre experts believe that change in language is unavidable.Change is a way f keeping a language alive and useful，and gives speakers different ways f saying things with extremely small differences f meaning and ways f expressing cmpletely new ideas.The rganizatins set up in France and Italy have had little success in reducing the amunt f change in French r Italian.
In 1747，Samuel Jhnsn wrte abut his desire t write a dictinary that wuld fix the prnunciatin f English and keep it pure （纯正的）.But when he cmpleted the dictinary ten years later，he admitted in his intrductin that fixing a language was impssible.Like it r nt，language is always changing and English will g n ding s in many creative and — t sme peple — annying ways.
（1）What can we learn frm the secnd paragraph？
A．Sme peple learn t speak better than thers.
B．The yuth shuld learn frm their grandparents.
C．Language change is greatly influenced by peple.
D．Language changes little if peple stay in the same place.
（2）What des Jnathan Swift think f language change？
A．He thinks it is hpeful.
B．He thinks it is unclear.
C．He agrees n the change.
D．He desn't agree n the change.
（3）Why did Samuel Jhnsn decide t write a dictinary？
A．T create sme new wrds.
B．T include sme freign wrds.
C．T keep English pure frm changes.
D．T recrd the changes in English.
（4）What wuld be the best title fr the text？
A．Why des language change？
B．Written English needs standards.
C．Des language change influence sciety？
D．Hw t prtect the language.
第二节 （共1小题； 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
15．（12.5分） D yu have clthes in yur wardrbe that yu never wear？D yu keep things in yur cupbards that yu never use？•D yu have bks n yur shelves that yu never pen？And what abut the mess n the flr？（1） If the answer t these questins is yes，then yu're nt alne.Mst f us have t many things.
Peple with untidy ，cluttered（凌乱的） rms have untidy minds.（2） This makes them unhappy.There is n dubt that t many things are bad fr us and we have t change.
Nw，imagine this bedrm：a white flr，a bed，a wardrbe and a desk and chair.That's all.It lks calm and relaxing.This is the minimalist style （简约主义）.Minimalists believe that they dn't have t wn a lt f things t be happy.（3）
Yu are prbably asking at this pint"D I have t thrw away all my favrite things？"（4） A minimalist rm is t extreme fr mst peple，and persnal things like phts and bks are cmfrting and help us t feel at hme.（5） Cnsider this simple rule：if yu dn't use smething fr lnger than 6 mnths，get rid f it.Yu have t regularly tidy and srt ut all the things in yur rm.After regular decluttering （定期清理），yu'll have mre space in yur wardrbe and cupbards.N mre "Yu must tidy yur rm!"frm yur parents!Yur rm will lk mre spacius and yu'll feel free.
A.Of curse the answer is that yu dn't.
B.Actually，they enjy their messy rm.
C.They try t live with nly necessary things.
D.But regular decluttering isn't a bad idea.
E.Why d yu keep s many things in yur rm？
F.Is it difficult t find things when yu need them？
G.They can feel stressed and they find it difficult t relax.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分15分）第一节 （共15 小题； 每小题15分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
16．（15分） On August 23rd，my sn was ut muntain biking with his teacher and friends.As usual，we were waiting at hme （1） lunch ready.At 12：15，he still hadn't （2） .Then，we gt the call that he was badly hurt.
We （3） up the muntain in the car.He was in the kind f （4） yu never want t see.We gt him t the hspital fr X﹣ray s t be tld his cllarbne （锁骨） was brken.Cllarbnes are especially （5） t treat，as yu can't just put them in a cast （石膏）.Children his age are mving all the time， （6） hw we wuld be able t stp an active 8﹣year﹣ld by frm mving fr a minimum f 5 weeks was a （7） .
We gt him a "figure﹣f﹣8" supprt that keeps bth his shulders aligned （成一条直线）.It was the best （8） fr making sure the bne grew back straight.Sleeping was very painful fr him，and in the next few （9） everything came crashing dwn.N sprts.N activity. （10） birthday party plans.We gt int a new nrmal at hme.We fund ther things fr him t d that weren't （11） ，such as reading and making artwrk.It （12） his wrld frm being the strng，active kid t nt being able t d what he lved.Hwever，he gradually adapted t his new life.
I wuld never （13） an﹣injury n anyne；yet，it is a direct way t learn hw t be patient with life，with the bdy，and with each ther.My （14） lessn has been that my child may have learned mre frm this injury than anything else he's gne thrugh this year，and， （15） ，it will serve him fr life.
第二节 （共1小题； 每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
17．（15分） Every year，high schl students aged 15﹣19 frm all arund the wrld make a huge （1） （decide）.They leave their hme and g t anther cuntry （2） （study） fr up t a year.An exchange year （3） （knw） as a time when new experiences educate students abut a （4） （difference） way f life.Smetimes there will be difficulties and bad mments，but thse are the mments when the students grw the mst.
"An exchange year isn't a year in yur life；it is a life in a year，" said Isabela，an 18﹣year﹣ld exchange student frm Brazil.Isabela has been living in Saint Jseph this year.Her year didn't start （5） （exact） the way she was hping.She had truble making （6） （friend） and she culdn't cnnect with her hst family.
"I had the （7） （bad） and the best time here.The beginning was terrible.I didn't pen up and n ne talked t me.I was even ready t g hme befre the year ended，" she said.
When the year 2020 started，Isabela changed her hst family and （8） （give） the U.S ne mre chance.She als changed her attitude.Nw she has a great relatinship with her hst parents and has a lt f friends.She is enjying her time.
Exchange students grw a lt during their exchange year and they see the wrld （9） a new way.They will have difficulties they need t vercme by （10） （they） but they will g back t their hme mre mature and independent.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分15分）第一节 （满分15分）
18．（15分）上周六，你校组织高一学生听了一场以"自我保护"为主题的校园安全讲座。请你为学校英文网站写一篇报道。
内容包括：
（1）讲座目的；
（2）讲座时间、地点及内容；
（3）讲座反响。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80左右；
（2）标题已为你写好，不计入字数。
A Lecture n Campus Safety
______
第二节 （满分25分）
19．（25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I culdn't frget the way I was frzen in frnt f the class tday.My teacher，Mr.Liu had divided the class int grups t d speeches.Tday was my turn.Hwever，my hands shk s badly that I culdn't read my ntes.My vice became sfter even t kindly ended my part f speech even thugh I clearly didn't finish.He als asked me t stay after class fr a mment.
"Betty，I knw yu are shy，but yu wrked s hard n this prject.I'd hate t see yu give up n yurself." Mr.Liu said， "If I give yu anther chance until tmrrw，d yu think yu can find curage？" I ndded，grateful fr the chance.I went as quickly as I culd t my next class，keeping my head dwn and hping the schl day wuld end sn.
When I reached hme that afternn，I culd see an inviting light cming frm the kitchen windws.Mum was baking（烘焙）.She studied my face as I came int the kitchen. "What's wrng，Betty？"
Tears shne in my eyes.I tld her the whle stry.Mum was silent fr a mment with her hands busy with the cake. "Why is it that yu can talk t me abut anything and everything but yu can't talk t yur class？" Mum asked.She set the time right and then said， "Let me shw yu smething."
I fllwed her t the bedrm.There she shwed me a bk filled with pictures.In it there was a blue ribbn（丝带） that said "First Place" and a picture f herself when she was very yung，standing with her parents.
"I wn it fr public speaking.I started the schl year as the shyest girl n the speech team，but I ended the year as the blue ribbn winner.It wasn't easy at first—nt sure f myself at all.I wrked hard，and mstly I faced my tears.Yu just need t find yur curage."
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hearing Mum's wrds，I stared at the valuable blue ribbn，lst in thught.
_______
The next day I walked t the frnt f the classrm t give my speech.
_______
2023-2024学年山东省济南市高一（上）月考英语试卷
参考答案与试题解析
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分7.5分）第一节 （共5小题； 每小题1.5分， 满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．【解答】C
2．【解答】B
3．【解答】C
4．【解答】C
5．【解答】B
第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
6．【解答】CA
7．【解答】BCA
8．【解答】CAA
9．【解答】CBBA
10．【解答】CCA
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节 （共15 小题； 每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
11．【分析】这篇文章是关于在马拉维担任志愿者教师的信息。志愿者可以是任何科目的教师或实习教师，也可以是其他工作但受过大学教育的人，年龄需在23岁以上且有至少一年的教学经验。志愿者可以在Kapanda社区日制中学或Mwaya小学任教，这两所学校的教学语言都是英语。志愿者的工作并不是取代马拉维的教师，而是帮助当地的教师和学生。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据Wh下面的Frm 23 years ld with at least ne year's teaching experience.（23岁以上，至少有一年的教学经验。）可知，志愿者老师的年龄至少要23岁。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据Mwaya Primary Schl下面的Primary schls in Mwaya are free and pen t all.As secndary educatin is highly cmpetitive and expensive，this is ften the nly educatin students in pr areas receive.（Mwaya的小学是免费的，对所有人开放。由于中等教育竞争激烈且费用高昂，这往往是贫困地区学生接受的唯一教育。）可知，Mwaya的小学对所有人免费，这往往是贫困地区学生能够接受的唯一教育，而中学竞争激烈且费用昂贵，所以二者的不同就在于：小学教育能够让穷人容易得到。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据文中倒数第二段Please nte that vlunteers are nt there t take the jbs f Malawian teachers and give lessns，but they are there t help the lcal teachers and students.（请注意，志愿者不是来承担马拉维教师的工作和授课的，而是来帮助当地教师和学生的。）可知，志愿者来这里是帮助当地教师和学生的，即充当当地教师的助手。A．Give lessns t lcal students.给当地学生上课；B．Act as helpers t lcal teachers.充当当地教师的助手；C．Help with the teacher training.帮助教师培训；D．Take the jb f lcal teachers.以当地教师的工作为例。故选B。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
12．【分析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者的TED演讲视频帮助了许多在生活中面临着压力和焦虑的人。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中的The server—a yung，dark﹣haired wman with a brad smile and glasses—stpped and quietly said， "I just want t tell yu hw much yur TED talk meant t me，yu helped me find ut what I really wanted t d with my life—g t medical schl—and then yu helped me d what I needed t d t get there.Thank yu."（服务员——一个年轻的黑发女人，脸上挂着灿烂的笑容，戴着眼镜——停了下来，平静地说：'我只想对你说你的TED演讲对我来说有多重要，你帮我找到了我一生中真正想做的事情——上医学院——然后你帮我做了我到那一步所需要做的事情。谢谢你。'）可知，在波士顿书店咖啡馆中，一位女服务员向作者表达了感谢，作者的TED演讲对她产生了重大影响。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段中的But smething cnnects them：all have felt pwerless in the face f great pressure and anxiety（焦虑），and all discvered a quite simple way t free themselves frm that feeling f pwerlessness.（但是他们之间有某种联系：所有人在面对巨大的压力和焦虑时都感到无能为力，并且都发现了一种非常简单的方法来将自己从那种无能为力的感觉中解放出来。）可知，所有和作者进行交流的人都有一个共同点：他们都曾遇到过问题并且感觉无能为力。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第五段中的In that talk，I discussed sme interesting findings abut hw we can quickly increase ur cnfidence and decrease（减轻） ur anxiety in challenging situatins.I als shared my wn trubles and hw I learned t becme mre cnfident.Sn after the twenty﹣ne﹣minute vide f the talk was psted n the Internet，I began hearing frm peple wh had seen it.（在那次演讲中，我讨论了一些有趣的发现，关于我们如何能够快速增强自信，并在具有挑战性的情况下减少焦虑。我也分享了我自己的困难和我如何学会变得更加自信。这段21分钟的演讲视频上传到互联网后不久，我就开始收到看过这段视频的人的来信。）可知，作者在2012年的演讲中讨论的是我们如何在充满挑战的情况下快速增加信心和减少焦虑。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Of curse，watching my talk didn't magically give Fetaine the knwledge she needed t d well n Medical Cllege Admissin Test.But it may have helped her get ut f the fear that culd have prevented her frm expressing the things she knew.（当然，看我的演讲并不能神奇地给Fetaine提供她在医学院入学考试中取得好成绩所需要的知识。但它可能帮助她摆脱了恐惧，这种恐惧可能会阻止她表达她所知道的事情。）可知，作者的演讲帮助Fetaine摆脱了恐惧，让她有勇气去表达自己。再结合第一段中的The server—a yung，dark﹣haired wman with a brad smile and glasses—stpped and quietly said， "I just want t tell yu hw much yur TED talk meant t me，yu helped me find ut what I really wanted t d with my life—g t medical schl—and then yu helped me d what I needed t d t get there.Thank yu."（服务员——一个年轻的黑发女人，脸上挂着灿烂的笑容，戴着眼镜——停了下来，平静地说：'我只想对你说你的TED演讲对我来说有多重要，你帮我找到了我一生中真正想做的事情——上医学院——然后你帮我做了我到那一步所需要做的事情。谢谢你。'）可知，Fetaine感谢作者的演讲帮助她找到了自己真正想做的事情。由此可推测出，作者给予了Fetaine面对未来所需的力量。故选A。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
13．【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了塑料的问题。塑料是廉价和持久的，但由于其化学成分无法被自然降解，因此很难被分解。它吸收了其他海洋中存在的有害物质，并通过添加剂（如颜色）逐渐进入大气中，当塑料分解时会产生真正的危害。二战后，新塑料产品的设计和开发加快了。然而，尽管塑料非常方便，但当人们开始享受一次性社会时，它的负面影响也开始显现。许多塑料产品，如塑料袋，寿命只有几分钟到几小时，但它们会在环境中停留数百年。只有9%的塑料被回收，12%被燃烧，而剩下的79%被丢弃在垃圾填埋场或破坏我们的土地、海洋和水道。每年，塑料都会成为污染物。虽然燃烧塑料会减少倾倒到海洋和土地的废物量，但仍会产生有害气体，也会导致温室气体的产生。然而，如果我们做出坚定决策并使用现代的废物管理方法，我们将能够创造一个安全健康的世界。现在是我们作为负责任的全球公民承担保护环境责任并努力拯救地球的时候了，而不是把一切都留给政府。因此，女士们先生们，让我们承诺成功处理塑料废物，保护我们的世界免受所有可能的风险。
【解答】（1）段落大意题。根据第一段It is nt easily degraded（降解） because natural degradatin prcesses can't deal with its chemical cmpnents（成分）.It takes in ther cean﹣present harmful substances.These chemical and dangerus cmpnents are gradually gt int the atmsphere with additives such as clr，which turns ut t be really harmful when the plastic breaks dwn.（因为自然降解过程不能处理其化学成分，所以它不易降解。它吸收其他海洋中存在的有害物质。这些化学成分和危险成分随着色剂等添加剂逐渐进入大气中，而当塑料分解时，着色剂就变得非常有害。）可知，塑料的化学成分不能在自然中降解，它吸收有害物质，塑料中的化学成分和危险成分会进入大气，污染大气环境。由此可推测出，第一段主要讲述了塑料的害处。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段We are destrying the very wrld that nurtured us.（我们正在摧毁养育我们的世界。）可知，作者认为我们使用塑料是在摧毁我们赖以生存的世界，由此可推测出，作者对这种现状感到担忧。故选B。
（3）词义猜测题。根据画线词后一句S t beat plastic pllutin，we need t wrk tgether.（所以，为了防止塑料污染，我们需要共同努力。）可知，塑料会产生污染，由此可推测出，画线词所在句表达的是每年塑料最终都会成为污染物。cntaminants意为"污染物"，与A项意思最接近。A．Things that cause pllutin.造成污染的东西；B．Things that prduce plastic.产生塑料的东西；C．Things that cst mney.需要花钱的东西；D．Things that help peple.帮助别人的事情。故选A。
（4）文章出处题。根据最后一段中的S，ladies and gentlemen，let's make a prmise t successfully deal with plastic waste and prtect ur wrld frm all pssible risks.（所以，女士们，先生们，让我们承诺会成功地处理塑料废物，保护我们的世界免受一切可能的风险。）可知，文章在最后一段呼吁大家要承诺处理塑料废物，保护环境，并以"ladies and gentlemen"引起大家的注意，由此可推测出，文章来自一篇演讲。故选B。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
14．【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了语言是变化的，并分析了其变化的原因。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Language changes whenever speakers cmmunicate with each ther.Peple frm different places clearly speak differently，but even within the same small cmmunity，peple speak differently depending n their age，rigin，and scial and educatinal backgrund.When we cmmunicate with these different speakers，in different situatins，we hear new wrds and expressins，and can make them a part f ur wn speech.（当说话者彼此交流时，语言就会改变。来自不同地方的人说话显然不同，但即使在同一个小社区里，人们的说话方式也会因年龄、出身、社会和教育背景的不同而不同。当我们在不同的情况下与这些不同的说话者交流时，我们听到了新的单词和表达，并可以把它们变成我们自己讲话的一部分。）可知，人们的说话方式会因年龄、出身、社会和教育背景的不同而不同。我们在与不同的人交流时会受到影响，语言也就发生了变化。所以语言的变化受人的影响很大。C．Language change is greatly influenced by peple.（语言的变化很大程度上受人的影响。）符合文意，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段During the 18th century，Jnathan Swift，the Irish writer，and many ther peple felt the English language was in serius decline（衰落） and that a natinal rganizatin — like thse in France and Italy — shuld be created t save the language.Swift nce wrte that we shuld find a way t stp ur language frm changing.（在18世纪，爱尔兰作家乔纳森•斯威夫特和其他许多人都认为英语正在严重衰落，应该像法国和意大利那样建立一个全国性的组织来拯救英语。斯威夫特曾经写道，我们应该找到一种方法来阻止我们的语言变化。）可知，乔纳森•斯威夫特不赞同语言的变化。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段In 1747，Samuel Jhnsn wrte abut his desire t write a dictinary that wuld fix the prnunciatin f English and keep it pure（纯正的）. （1747年，塞缪尔•约翰逊写道，他希望编写一本能纠正英语发音并保持纯正的词典。）可知，为了保持英语的纯正，让其不受变化的影响，塞缪尔•约翰逊决定编写一本词典。C．T keep English pure frm changes.（保持英语的纯正不受变化的影响。）符合文意，故选C。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段All languages change ver time.New vcabulary is ften required fr the latest inventins r ideas.But a language can als change fr reasns that are nt clear.（所有的语言都会随着时间而改变。最新的发明或想法往往需要新的词汇。但是一种语言也会因为一些不清楚的原因而改变。）和第二段Language changes whenever speakers cmmunicate with each ther.（当说话者彼此交流时，语言就会改变。）可知，文章提出语言是变化的，并分析了其变化的原因。所以A．Why des language change？（为什么语言会变化？）是文章最佳标题。故选A。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。
第二节 （共1小题； 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
15．【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要说明了整理房间的好处和整理的规则。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据上文D yu have clthes in yur wardrbe that yu never wear？D yu keep things in yur cupbards that yu never use？•D yu have bks n yur shelves that yu never pen？And what abut the mess n the flr？（你衣柜里有从来不穿的衣服吗？你会在橱柜里放一些你从来不用的东西吗？你的书架上有没有从未打开过的书？那地板上的脏乱怎么办？）以及后文If the answer t these questins is yes，then yu're nt alne.Mst f us have t many things.（如果这些问题的答案是肯定的，那么你并不孤单。我们大多数人都有太多的东西。）可知，本句与上文并列，都是针对找东西进行设问。F选项"Is it difficult t find things when yu need them？当你需要的东西很难找到吗？"符合语境，故选F。
（2）细节理解题。根据上文Peple with untidy ，cluttered（凌乱的） rms have untidy minds. （房间乱糟糟的人头脑也不整洁。）可知，本句承接上文说明房间脏乱的人的感受。G选项"They can feel stressed and they find it difficult t relax.他们会感到压力，很难放松。"符合语境，故选G。
（3）细节理解题。根据上文Nw，imagine this bedrm：a white flr，a bed，a wardrbe and a desk and chair.That's all.It lks calm and relaxing.This is the minimalist style （简约主义）.Minimalists believe that they dn't have t wn a lt f things t be happy. （现在，想象一下这个卧室：白色的地板，一张床，一个衣柜，一张桌子和一把椅子。这是所有。它看起来平静而放松。这是极简风格。极简主义者认为，他们不需要拥有很多东西就能快乐。）可知，上文提到极简主义认为不需要拥有很多东西就能快乐，本句为本段最后一句，应继续说明极简主义者的生活方式。C选项"They try t live with nly necessary things.他们试着只和基本的东西生活。"符合语境，故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据上文Yu are prbably asking at this pint"D I have t thrw away all my favrite things？"（此时你可能会问："我必须扔掉所有我最喜欢的东西吗？"）可知，本句是在回答上文的问题，故A选项"Of curse the answer is that yu dn't.答案当然是你不知道。"符合语境，故选A。
（5）推理判断题。根据上文A minimalist rm is t extreme fr mst peple，and persnal things like phts and bks are cmfrting and help us t feel at hme. （一个极简主义的房间对大多数人来说太极端了，像照片和书这样的个人物品会让我们感到舒适，并帮助我们有宾至如归的感觉。）以及后文Cnsider this simple rule：if yu dn't use smething fr lnger than 6 mnths，get rid f it.Yu have t regularly tidy and srt ut all the things in yur rm. （考虑一下这个简单的规则：如果你不使用超过6个月的东西，扔掉它。你必须定期整理和清理房间里的所有东西。）可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出整理的想法也不坏，D选项"But regular decluttering isn't a bad idea..但偶尔整理一下也不是个坏主意。"符合语境，故选D。
【点评】七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分15分）第一节 （共15 小题； 每小题15分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
16．【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的儿子和他的老师和朋友们出去骑山地车结果受了重伤，锁骨骨折。在治疗期间，儿子从一个强壮，活跃的孩子变成了不能做他喜欢做的事，但儿子也从这次受伤中学到的东西，可能比他今年经历的任何事情都要多，作者希望这能让他终生受益。
【解答】 （1）考查介词及语境理解。A.at在；B.n在上面；C.with和；D.in在里面。句意：像往常一样，午饭准备好了，我们在家里等着。此处作伴随状语，表示"午饭准备好了"应用介词with。故选C。
（2）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.wrked ut解决；B.drpped by顺便来访；C.set ut出发；D.shwn up出现。句意：12点（15分），他还没有出现。根据后文"Then，we gt the call that he was badly hurt. "可知，到了吃饭时间儿子没有出现。故选D。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.walked散步；B.raced比赛，疾走；C.rde骑；D.flew飞。句意：我们开车向山上跑去。根据上文"Then，we gt the call that he was badly hurt. "可知儿子受了重伤，所以是开车向山上跑去，race up表示"迅速向上跑"。故选B。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.anger愤怒；B.stress压力；C.pain痛苦；D.shame羞愧。句意：他的痛苦是你永远不想看到的。呼应后文"Sleeping was very painful fr him"受了伤很痛苦。故选C。
（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.easy容易的；B.hard困难的；C.rapid快速的；D.ready准备好的。句意：锁骨尤其难以治疗，因为你不能直接把它们打上石膏。根据后文"as yu can't just put them in a cast"可知，锁骨尤其难以治疗，因为你不能直接把它们打上石膏。故选B。
（6）考查连词及语境理解。A.fr因为；B.thugh虽然；C.s所以；D.unless除非。句意：他这个年龄的孩子总是在动，所以我们如何能够阻止一个活跃的8岁男孩至少5周不动是一个挑战。结合前后文语境可知为因果关系，应用连词s。故选C。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.challenge挑战；B.success成功；C.cnditin条件；D.prmise承诺。句意：他这个年龄的孩子总是在动，所以我们如何能够阻止一个活跃的8岁男孩至少5周不动是一个挑战。根据上文"Children his age are mving all the time"可知，孩子总是在动，因此阻止一个活跃的8岁男孩至少5周不动是一个挑战。故选A。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.gal目标；B.chice选择；C.part部分；D.task任务。句意：这是确保骨头长直的最佳选择。根据上文"We gt him a "figure﹣f﹣8" supprt that keeps bth his shulders aligned. "可知，这个支架是确保骨头长直的最佳选择。故选B。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.hurs小时；B.days天；C.weeks周；D.mnths月。句意：睡觉对他来说很痛苦，在接下来的几个星期里，一切都崩溃了。儿子一开始带上支架不适应，故在接下来的几个星期里，一切都崩溃了，weeks最符合语境。故选C。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.Designed设计；B.Cancelled取消；C.Created创造；D.Divided分开。句意：取消了生日派对计划。根据上文"N sprts.N activity. "可知，生日派对因为受伤而取消了。故选B。
（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.mental心理的；B.physical身体的；C.relaxing放松的；D.interesting有趣的。句意：我们为他找到了其他非体力活动，比如阅读和创作艺术品。根据后文"such as reading and making artwrk"可知，阅读和创作艺术品是非体力活动。故选B。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.changed改变；B.helped帮助；C.prtected保护；D.prvided提供。句意：这件事改变了他的世界，从一个强壮，活跃的孩子变成了不能做他喜欢做的事。根据后文"his wrld frm being the strng，active kid t nt being able t d what he lved"可知，受伤让儿子从一个强壮，活跃的孩子变成了不能做他喜欢做的事。故选A。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.wish希望；B.affrd买得起；C.admire钦佩；D.educate教育。句意：我从不希望任何人受到伤害；然而，这是一个学习如何对生活、对身体、对彼此保持耐心的直接方法。根据后文"an﹣injury n anyne；yet，it is a direct way t learn hw t be patient with life，with the bdy，and with each ther"中yet表示转折，说明作者不希望任何人受伤，然而，这是一个学习如何对生活、对身体、对彼此保持耐心的直接方法。故选A。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.smallest最小的；B.slwest最慢的；C.biggest最大的；D.wrst最差的。句意：我最大的教训是，我的孩子从这次受伤中学到的东西，可能比他今年经历的任何事情都要多，希望这能让他终生受益。根据后文"lessn has been that my child may have learned mre frm this injury than anything else he's gne thrugh this year"可知，孩子从这次受伤中学到的东西，可能比他今年经历的任何事情都要多，这是作者得到最大的教训。故选C。
（15）考查副词及语境理解。A.nrmally正常地；B.exactly恰好地；C.suddenly突然；D.hpefully有希望地。句意：我最大的教训是，我的孩子从这次受伤中学到的东西，可能比他今年经历的任何事情都要多，希望这能让他终生受益。根据后文"it will serve him fr life."可知是作者的希望，作者希望受伤能让儿子终生受益。故选D。
【点评】近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
第二节 （共1小题； 每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
17．【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了交换生的伊莎贝拉的经历。
【解答】（1）考查可数名词的单数。句意：每年，世界各地15﹣19岁的高中生都会做出一个重大决定。提示词作宾语，结合空格前不定冠词a可知，用单数名词decisin，意为"决定"。故填decisin。
（2）考查动词不定式。句意：他们离开家乡，去另一个国家学习长达一年。"（study）"是"They leave their hme and g t anther cuntry"的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填t study。
（3）考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：交换年被认为是一段新的经历教育学生不同的生活方式的时间。knw（把……看作是）是主句谓语动词，与主语An exchange year之间是被动关系，陈述客观事实用一般现在时态，又因主语是名词单数An exchange year，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填is knwn。
（4）考查形容词。句意：交换年被认为是一段新的经历教育学生不同的生活方式的时间。提示词作定语修饰名词way，用形容词different，意为"不同的"。故填different。
（5）考查副词。句意：她这一年的开始并不完全像她希望的那样。提示词在句中作状语，用副词exactly，意为"恰好，完全"。故填exactly。
（6）考查可数名词的复数。句意：她很难交到朋友，也无法与寄宿家庭建立联系。make friends是固定短语，意为"交朋友"。故填friends。
（7）考查形容词最高级。句意：我在这里度过了最糟糕和最美好的时光。提示词与形容词best是并列关系，修饰名词time，也用最高级形式wrst。故填wrst。
（8）考查动词时态。句意：当2020年开始时，伊莎贝拉改变了她的寄宿家庭，给了美国又一次机会。提示词give与并列谓语动词changed一样，用一般过去时态。故填gave。
（9）考查介词。句意：交换生在交换期间成长了很多，他们以一种新的方式看待世界。in 是固定搭配，意为"以一种……方式"。故填in。
（10）考查反身代词。句意：他们会有需要自己克服的困难，但他们会更成熟、更独立地回到家里。代词they作介词宾语，与主语They指代同一对象，应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握语言点及一些语法知识。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分15分）第一节 （满分15分）
18．【分析】高分句型一：Last Saturday，all the high schl freshmen attended a lecture n campus safety，which was held in the schl hall at 3：00 pm.
译文：上周六，所有的高中新生都参加了下午3点在学校礼堂举行的校园安全讲座。
分析：这句话使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：The aim f the lecture was t raise the awareness f self prtectin.
译文：讲座的目的是提高自我保护意识。
分析：这句话使用了不定式t raise the awareness f self prtectin作表语。
【解答】
A Lecture n Campus Safety
Last Saturday，all the high schl freshmen attended a lecture n campus safety，which was held in the schl hall at 3：00 pm.【高分句型一】（讲座时间、地点）The aim f the lecture was t raise the awareness f self prtectin.【高分句型二】（讲座目的）During the lecture，the plice shwed us sme pictures f cmmn accidents in schl.Then they tld us sme knwledge f prtecting urselves in such situatins.（内容）
This activity was meaningful and educative.Thrugh it，we learned much abut campus safety.（讲座反响）
【点评】这是一篇提纲类作文。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
第二节 （满分25分）
19．【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在进行小组演讲时因为紧张而发挥不好，老师看到作者的表现后对作者进行鼓励并给她另一次机会，回到家里后妈妈用自己的亲身经历鼓励作者找到勇气，作者最终找到了勇气并成功在课堂上完成演讲。
高分句型一：Suddenly I knew where I culd find my curage.
译文：突然间，我知道哪里可以找到我的勇气。
分析：这句话使用了where引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：Seeing the quiet classrm，I culdn't help but feel nervus again，my mind ging blind and my vice trembling.
译文：看到安静的教室，我忍不住再次感到紧张，我的头脑变得失明，声音颤抖。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语Seeing the quiet classrm作状语，my mind ging blind and my vice trembling是独立主格结构。
【解答】Hearing Mum's wrds，I stared at the valuable blue ribbn，lst in thught.What was it that made me s afraid？But still n answer came ut.Sn the cake was finished.We went back t the kitchen fr the baked cake.Mum cut a slice fr the sweet cake and handed it t me，saying， "Yu can make it." I raised the warm cake t my muth.It was s delicius and fragrant.Suddenly I knew where I culd find my curage.【高分句型一】It was frm my mum's lve.（作者对自己的思考，妈妈用蛋糕鼓励作者，而妈妈的蛋糕让作者豁然开朗，作者发现自己的勇气源自妈妈的爱）
The next day I walked t the frnt f the classrm t give my speech.Seeing the quiet classrm，I culdn't help but feel nervus again，my mind ging blind and my vice trembling.【高分句型二】Then I saw the blue ribbn which my mum tied t my wrist.I thught f Mum's warm cake，her lve and her inspiring experience.Then I tk a deep breath and gave my speech with cnfidence.This time there was n fear any mre but a big success and a rund f applause.（作者进行演讲的过程，一开始作者紧张的毛病又犯了，但是想到了妈妈的爱和鼓励以及妈妈的励志经历，作者平静了下来，成功完成演讲）
【点评】解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。Vlunteer Teachers in Malawi
Wh
※Teachers r trainee （实习） teachers f any subject at any level，althugh we will als cnsider peple f ther jbs wh have been educated t degree level.
※Frm 23 years ld with at least ne year's teaching experience.
Wrking Perid
Any perid f stay is pssible，althugh we encurage at least fur weeks.
Prjects
Kapanda Cmmunity Day Secndary Schl
※A 30﹣minute bicycle ride frm Mwaya Beach；
※Fur schl years，including Frms 1 t 4；
※Typical ages are 14 t 19 years ld；
※Each class has abut 50 students with its wn classrm；.
※All subjects are taught in English.
Mwaya Primary Schl
Primary schls in Mwaya are free and pen t all.As secndary educatin is highly cmpetitive and expensive，this is ften the nly educatin students in pr areas receive.
※A 10﹣minute walk frm Mwaya Beach；
※Abut 1，200 pupils；
※Eight schl years，including Standards 1 t 8；
※Typical ages are 5 t 15 years；
※Class sizes are frm 100 t 150；
※Lessns are taught in English frm Standard 5 upwards，which can be difficult fr vlunteers with students wh are just learning t speak，write and understand English.
Please nte that vlunteers are nt there t take the jbs f Malawian teachers and give lessns，but they are there t help the lcal teachers and students.
Hw t Apply
Please g t ，and cmplete the nline frm if yu are interested in becming a vlunteer teacher.
（1）
A．at
B．n
C．with
D．in
（2）
A．wrked ut
B．drpped by
C．set ut
D．shwn up
（3）
A．walked
B．raced
C．rde
D．flew
（4）
A．anger
B．stress
C．pain
D．shame
（5）
A．easy
B．hard
C．rapid
D．ready
（6）
A．fr
B．thugh
C．s
D．unless
（7）
A．challenge
B．success
C．cnditin
D．prmise
（8）
A．gal
B．chice
C．part
D．task
（9）
A．hurs
B．days
C．weeks
D．mnths
（10）
A．Designed
B．Cancelled
C．Created
D．Divided
（11）
A．mental
B．physical
C．relaxing
D．interesting
（12）
A．changed
B．helped
C．prtected
D．prvided
（13）
A．wish
B．affrd
C．admire
D．educate
（14）
A．smallest
B．slwest
C．biggest
D．wrst
（15）
A．nrmally
B．exactly
C．suddenly
D．hpefully