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浙江省杭州市学军中学2024-2025学年高三上学期9月月考英语试卷（Word版附解析）
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这是一份浙江省杭州市学军中学2024-2025学年高三上学期9月月考英语试卷（Word版附解析），文件包含浙江省杭州市学军中学2024-2025学年高三上学期9月月考英语试题Word版含解析docx、浙江省杭州市学军中学2024-2025学年高三上学期9月月考英语试题Word版无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共33页， 欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Hw is the weather in the muntains?
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Snwy.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. Cking. B. Traditins. C. Experiments.
3. Why des the man read in weak light?
A. He is afraid f light. B. His brther is sleeping. C. He desn’t care abut his eyes.
4. Hw much mney did the man lend the wman?
A. $70. B. $80. C. $100.
5. What is the man’s pinin abut sleep?
A. Fur hurs is plenty fr him.
B. Six hurs is the least fr mst peple.
C. Eight hurs is t much fr the wman.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. In the kitchen. B. In the bedrm. C. In the study.
7. When des the man plan t g t sleep?
A. At 11: 00 p. m. B. At 3: 00 a. m. C. At 4: 00 a. m.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Hw lng did Marc Pl travel?
A. Fr 13 years. B. Fr 17 years. C. Fr 24 years.
9. What des the man suggest the wman d at the end?
A. Read a strybk abut Xuanzang. B. Write an essay abut Marc Pl.
C. Imagine the life in ancient times.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What language is Richard fluent in?
A. French. B. Spanish. C. Italian.
11. What is Mlly ging t d?
A. Spend a year in France. B. Spend a year in Spain. C. Spend six mnths in France.
12. What is Richard’s advice fr learning a new language?
A. Ging traveling ften. B. Using the dictinary ften.
C. Surrunding yurself in the envirnment.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What will Henry d at the beach?
A. G swimming. B. G walking. C. G biking.
14. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Clleagues. B. Classmates. C. Brther and sister.
15. Why wn’t Kelly g t the beach tmrrw?
A. It will rain. B. She has t wrk. C. She is sensitive t the sun.
16. Wh will drive the car tday?
A. Ryan. B. Kelly. C. Henry.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What wuld MAD Architects prefer buildings t be like?
A. Mre attractive. B. Mre traditinal. C. Mre envirnmentally friendly.
18. What des MAD Architects want t prvide?
A. The situatin f separatin frm nature. B. The feeling f being in the natural wrld.
C. The experience f living in ancient times.
19. Where will the Urban Frest be built?
A. In Beijing. B. In Chngqing, C. In Rme.
20. Wh shuld apply fr a jb accrding t the talk?
A. Architects. B. Engineers. C. Office wrkers.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Nrth Rim t repen n June 2 with limited services available
News Release Date: May 17, 2023
Cntact: Jëlle Baird, 928-606-3154
Grand Canyn, Ariz
The Nrth Rim f Grand Canyn Natinal Park will pen as scheduled, n June 2, with limited visitr services and water cnservatin measures due t a break in the Nrth Rim water pipeline. A landslide frm winter strms destryed mre than 300 feet f the Nrth Rim water pipeline.
Visitr Services
The Grand Canyn Ldge will perate day-use services with limited fd and beverage service beginning n June 2. N vernight accmmdatins will be available until at least July 23, 2023.
The Nrth Rim Campgrund, managed by the Natinal Park Service, will perate as scheduled beginning n June 9 with ptable drinking water and tilets available. The public laundry and shwer facilities will nt be pen at least thrugh July 23, 2023.
The Nrth Rim Visitr Center and Grand Canyn Cnservancy’s bkstre pen as usual, 8 am t 6 pm daily, with a variety f ranger prgrams ffered.
Visitrs explring the Nrth Rim this summer shuld be self-sufficient and shuld bring adequate fd and water fr the day as services are limited and may be subject t change. Nearby, accmmdating is available at the Kaibab Ldge and fd services and fuel at the Nrth Rim Cuntry Stre. Year-rund accmmdating, fd services and fuel are lcated 45 miles nrth f the Nrth Rim at Jacb Lake. As a result f substantial winter rckfall and landslides, trail (步道) repair wrk n the Nrth Kaibab Trail cntinues. There is a trail clsure in effect n the Nrth Kaibab Trail and it will fficially repen n June 16, 2023.
1. Which was nt affected and pens as usual?
A. The public laundry.B. The Grand Canyn Ldge.
C. The Nrth Kaibab Trail.D. The Nrth Rim Visitr Center.
2. What can we learn abut the Nrth Kaibab Trail frm the text?
A. It ffers fd service.B. It is arund Jacb Lake.
C. It is under repair nw.D. It pens all the year arund.
3. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T warn visitrs f the ncming landslide.
B. T infrm visitrs f schedules f sme attractins.
C. T appeal t mre visitrs t the Grand Canyn Natinal Park.
D. T advertise the prducts f the Grand Canyn Natinal Park.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文，主要介绍了美国大峡谷公园景点北缘因山体滑坡而对游览的时间和路线做出的调整。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The Nrth Rim Visitr Center and Grand Canyn Cnservancy’s bkstre pen as usual, 8 am t 6 pm daily, with a variety f ranger prgrams ffered. (北缘游客中心和大峡谷保护协会的书店照常营业，每天早上8点到下午6点，提供各种护林员项目)”可知，北缘游客中心和大峡谷保护协会里的书店照常开放，没有调整。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“As a result f substantial winter rckfall and landslides, trail (步道) repair wrk n the Nrth Kaibab Trail cntinues. (由于冬季大量的岩崩和山体滑坡，北凯巴布步道的道路修复工作仍在继续)”可知，北凯巴布步道的修复工作仍在继续。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Grand Canyn, Ariz下“The Nrth Rim f Grand Canyn Natinal Park will pen as scheduled, n June 2, with limited visitr services and water cnservatin measures due t a break in the Nrth Rim water pipeline. (大峡谷国家公园北缘将于6月2日如期开放，但由于北缘输水管道断裂，游客服务受到限制，并采取了节约用水的措施)”及全文内容可知，本文写作目的是为了告诉游客美国大峡谷公园景点北缘因山体滑坡而对游览的时间和路线做出的调整。故选B。
B
I received my architectural training in Italy, earning a traditinal degree that didn’t invlve wrking with Cmputer-Aided Design (CAD). Hwever, my jurney with cmputers began thrugh my passin fr music, using sund sampling systems, which catch the “sund reality” f an instrument, and als cmputer-assisted music cmpsitin systems. Little did I knw that this explratin wuld greatly influence my apprach t cmputer science and AI in the years t cme.
Self-taught in cmputer science during my architectural studies, I sught pprtunities t specialize further. Ultimately, my jurney led me t a pineering labratry in Marseille, France, knwn fr its grundbreaking wrk in cmputer science applied t architecture. Surrunded by a cmmunity f innvatrs, I imprved my skills t explre the transfrmative pwer f technlgy in preserving cultural heritage.
In 2019, the wrld watched in hrrr as Ntre Dame de Paris (巴黎圣母院) was cnsumed in flames. Determined t cntribute t the restratin effrts, I tk the lead in develping a digital ecsystem fr the restratin peratin. We develped grundbreaking AI tls generating 3D representatins frm phtgraphs. By tracking the psitin and shape f vussirs (拱石), and digitizing them frm phtgraphs, we were able t use the fine gemetric infrmatin f the vussirs t recnstruct the arch, thus giving valuable infrmatin t the architects abut the structure, the exact gemetry, and especially abut cnstructive details f the ldest areas f the church frm the 13th century. Ntably, AI played a pivtal rle in the prcess.
As the restratin prject prgresses, the AI-driven preservatin cntinues t advance. This knwledge will definitely serve as raw material t be used fr AI systems, fr example, fr studies that can be extended t ther buildings. Tday, the restratin prject is in an extremely advanced state. We hpe t cmplete the restratin wrk befre the 2024 Paris Olympics, s that this architectural masterpiece can regain its frmer glry.
4. What led the authr t cmputer science initially?
A. Cmpsing music with CAD.B. Explring cmputers fr music.
C. Studying fr a degree in architecture.D. Develping sund sampling systems.
5. What is the third paragraph mainly abut?
A. The applicatin f AI in restratin.B. The structure f Ntre Dame de Paris.
C. The destructin f Ntre Dame de Paris.D. The develpment f AI digital ecsystem.
6. What des the underlined wrd “pivtal” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Secndary.B. Independent.C. Discuraging.D. Crucial.
7. What is the authr’s attitude twards the AI-driven preservatin?
A. Indifferent.B. Skeptical.C. Optimistic.D. Objective.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者在计算机科学领域的探索以及发现，说明了人工智能在修复文物中发挥的重要作用。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Hwever, my jurney with cmputers began thrugh my passin fr music, using sund sampling systems, which catch the “sund reality” f an instrument, and als cmputer-assisted music cmpsitin systems.(然而，我的电脑之旅始于我对音乐的热爱，使用声音采样系统，捕捉乐器的“声音现实”，以及计算机辅助的音乐创作系统)”可知，最初是为音乐探索电脑引导作者进入计算机科学领域的。故选B。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“In 2019, the wrld watched in hrrr as Ntre Dame de Paris (巴黎圣母院) was cnsumed in flames. Determined t cntribute t the restratin effrts, I tk the lead in develping a digital ecsystem fr the restratin peratin. We develped grundbreaking AI tls generating 3D representatins frm phtgraphs. By tracking the psitin and shape f vussirs (拱石), and digitizing them frm phtgraphs, we were able t use the fine gemetric infrmatin f the vussirs t recnstruct the arch, thus giving valuable infrmatin t the architects abut the structure, the exact gemetry, and especially abut cnstructive details f the ldest areas f the church frm the 13th century. Ntably, AI played a pivtal rle in the prcess.(2019年，全世界都惊恐地看到巴黎圣母院被大火吞噬。我决心为修复工作做出贡献，并带头为修复工作开发了一个数字生态系统。我们开发了突破性的人工智能工具，从照片中生成3D表示。通过跟踪拱石的位置和形状，并将它们从照片中数字化，我们能够拱石使用的精细几何信息来重建拱门，从而为建筑师提供有关结构，精确几何形状，特别是13世纪以来教堂最古老区域的构造细节的宝贵信息。值得注意的是，人工智能在这一过程中发挥了关键作用)”可知，第三段的主要内容是人工智能在修复中的应用。故选A。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“As the restratin prject prgresses, the AI-driven preservatin cntinues t advance.(随着修复工程的推进，人工智能驱动的保护也在不断推进)”可知，随着修复工程的推进，人工智能驱动的保护也在不断推进，说明人工智能在这一过程中发挥了重要作用。故划线词意思是“重要的”。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“As the restratin prject prgresses, the AI-driven preservatin cntinues t advance. This knwledge will definitely serve as raw material t be used fr AI systems, fr example, fr studies that can be extended t ther buildings. Tday, the restratin prject is in an extremely advanced state. We hpe t cmplete the restratin wrk befre the 2024 Paris Olympics, s that this architectural masterpiece can regain its frmer glry.(随着修复工程的推进，人工智能驱动的保护也在不断推进。这些知识肯定会作为人工智能系统的原材料，例如，用于可以扩展到其他建筑物的研究。今天，修复工程处于非常先进的状态。我们希望在2024年巴黎奥运会之前完成修复工作，让这座建筑杰作重现昔日的辉煌)”可知，作者对人工智能驱动保护持乐观态度。故选C。
C
At ne time, ur grwing ppulatin was seen as central t wildlife extinctin, resurce exhaustin, pllutin and envirnmental destructin. But tday, ur cncerns shift t declining birth rates due t increased reprductive chice fr wmen.
This is a psitive develpment, but is ften described as a “crisis” in the media, highlighting ecnmic and senir care challenges. Lst in the cnversatin are the many psitive aspects f an aging sciety, which is the result f peple living healthier and lnger lives, and cmmn-sense realities like reduced needs fr infrastructure (基础设施) and lwer eclgical impacts. Als lst is the fact that ur ppulatin still grws by 80 millin peple every year.
And the cnsequences f high birth rates are severe. Amng them is glbal warming. In fact, increased emissins (排放) frm ppulatin grwth have canceled mre than three quarters f the emissins saved thrugh energy efficiency and renewables ver the past three decades.
Yet, n matter hw well dcumented the link between ppulatin and climate, lwering ur ppulatin is ntably absent frm the cnversatin n slutins. Instead, the fcus is n technlgy that will suppsedly allw ur entire grwing ppulatin t enjy the energy-intensive lifestyles nw enjyed by the rich, and with n climate impacts.
But “green” technlgy is nt the slutin it is advertised t be. Its expansin t the degree needed t pwer a grwing ppulatin at a decent standard f living wuld itself require a shcking investment in fssil (化石) fuels. It als requires massive mining peratins, many f which take place n the backs f lw-wage wrkers in Africa where it is driving destructin f rainfrests critical t the survival f great apes. Besides, it requires 10 times the land area as fssil fuel plants fr the same amunt f energy generated.
When glbal warming threatens t push billins int unsafe temperatures, it is n time t panic that we are adding fewer t thse billins. In fact, declining birth rates shuld be cause fr celebratin as they signify advances in gender equality and a reduced burden n Earth.
8. What can we learn frm paragraph 2?
A. The glbal ppulatin is decreasing every year.
B. The benefits f an aging sciety are verlked.
C. The eclgical envirnment is turning fr the better.
D. The media make up misleading news abut the ppulatin.
9. What is highlighted as a disadvantage f high birth rates?
A. Reduced infrastructure needs.B. Challenges in senir care services.
C. A slwdwn in ecnmic grwth.D. Increased greenhuse gas emissins.
10. Why is “green” technlgy questined in the text?
A. It des damage t the ecsystem.B. It is nt ppular arund the wrld.
C. It is unaffrdable fr pr regins.D. It has little effect n reducing pllutin.
11. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Aging Scieties: A Glbal CrisisB. The Mystery f “Green” Technlgy
C. The Trend f Ppulatin GrwthD. Declining Birth Rates: A Hpeful Sign
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是人口高出生率的危害以及出生率降低带来的积极影响。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“This is a psitive develpment, but is ften described as a “crisis” in the media, highlighting ecnmic and senir care challenges.(这是一个积极的发展，但媒体经常将其描述为“危机”，强调经济和老年人护理方面的挑战。)”以及下文中介绍的人口老龄化带来的积极影响被人们忽略的事实可知，在第二段我们了解到的是老龄化社会的好处被人们忽略。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And the cnsequences f high birth rates are severe. Amng them is glbal warming.(高出生率的后果是严重的。其中之一就是全球变暖。)”以及下文中介绍的高出生率导致排放量增加的情况可知，高出来率的缺点是造成温室气体排放增加。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Its expansin t the degree needed t pwer a grwing ppulatin at a decent standard f living wuld itself require a shcking investment in fssil (化石) fuels. It als requires massive mining peratins, many f which take place n the backs f lw-wage wrkers in Africa where it is driving destructin f rainfrests critical t the survival f great apes.(它的扩张要达到为不断增长的人口提供体面生活所需的程度，本身就需要对化石燃料(化石)进行惊人的投资。它还需要大规模的采矿作业，其中许多是在非洲的低工资工人的支持下进行的，这正在破坏对类人猿生存至关重要的热带雨林。)”可知，“绿色”技术的扩张需要对化石燃料进行大量投资，大规模的釆矿作业，破坏了对类人猿生存至关重要的热带雨林，由此可知，“绿色”技术被质疑的原因是它破坏了生态环境。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容及最后一段中“In fact, declining birth rates shuld be cause fr celebratin as they signify advances in gender equality and a reduced burden n Earth.(事实上，出生率下降应该是值得庆祝的，因为它们标志着性别平等的进步和地球负担的减轻)”可知，本文主要讨论了出生率下降的积极意义，所以D选项“出生率下降：一个充满希望的迹象”概括全文主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选D项。
D
Millins f migratry (迁徙的) birds ccupy seasnally favrable breeding grunds in the Arelie, but scientists knw little abut the frmatin, maintenance and future f the migratin rutes f Arctic birds and the genetic determinants f migratry distance. In a new study, a multinatinal team f researchers under the leadership f Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang frm the Institute f Zlgy f the Chinese Academy f Sciences integrated tw state- f- the- art techniques—satellite tracking and whle genme sequencing(基因组测序)— and established a cntinental- scale migratin system f peregrine falcns(游隼) in Eurasian Arctic.
The researchers tracked 56 peregrine falcns frm six Eurasian Arctic breeding ppulatins and sequenced35 genmes frm fur f these ppulatins t study the migratin f this species. They fund that the birds used five migratin rutes acrss Eurasia, prbably established between the last Ice Age 22, 000 years ag and the middle- Hlcene 6, 000 years ag. “Peregrine falcns initiated their autumn migratin mainly in September, and arrived at their wintering areas mainly in Octber,” said Prfessr Mike Brufrd, an eclgist at Cardiff University. “Peregrine falcns that depart frm different breeding grunds use different rutes, and winter at widely distributed sites acrss fur distinct regins. Individual birds that were tracked fr mre than ne year exhibited strng path repeatability during migratin, cmplete lyalty t wintering lcatins and limited breeding dispersal(扩散). ”
The researchers quantified the migratin strategies and fund that migratin distance is the mst significant differentiatin. They used whle genme sequencing and fund a gene—ADCY8, which is knwn t be invlved in lng- term memry in ther animals in previus research—assciated with differences in migratry distance. They fund ADCY8 had a variant(变体) at high frequency in lng- distance migrant ppulatins f peregrine falcns, indicating this variant is being favrably selected because it may increase pwers f lng- term memry thught t be essential fr lng- distance migratin.
“Previus studies have identified several candidate genmic regins that may regulate migratin— but ur wrk is the strngest demnstratin f a specific gene assciated with migratry behavir yet identified,” Prfessr Brufrd said. The researchers further lked at mdels f likely future migratin behavir t predict the impact f glbal warming. If the climate warms at the same rate as it has in recent decades, they predict peregrine ppulatins in western Eurasia have the highest prbability f ppulatin decline and may stp migrating altgether.
“Our wrk is the first t begin t understand the way eclgical factrs may interact in migratry birds,” said Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang. “We hpe it will serve as a crnerstne t help cnserve migratry species in the wrld”
12. What can we learn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. Five birds’ migratin rutes were built 22, 000 years ag.
B. Peregrine falcns stick t the areas where they winter.
C. Peregrine falcns leave fr Arctic regins in September.
D. Tw nvel research methds f migratin were invented.
13. What can we infer abut ADCY8?
A. It is a newly- discvered gene in the new study.
B. It serves as a fundamental part f lng- distance migratin.
C. It culd be strengthened by the pwer f lng- term memry.
D. It turned ut t be mre favred by birds than the ther animals.
14. What is special abut the new study?
A. It has discvered a new genmic regin f birds.
B. It has predicted the rate at which the climate warms.
C. It analyses the reasns fr the decrease f peregrine falcns.
D. It encurages attentin t envirnmental effects n migratry birds.
15. Which wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A. Researchers Help Cnserve Migratry Species
B. Bilgists Find Evidence f Migratin Gene in Birds
C. Hw Lng- term Memry Helps Lng- distance Migratin
D. Hw Eclgical Factrs Affect Birds’ Migratry Distances
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的科学发现，研究表明，全球变暖对于长途迁徙的鸟类有很大的影响。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Individual birds that were tracked fr mre than ne year exhibited strng path repeatability during migratin, cmplete lyalty t wintering lcatins and limited breeding dispersal(扩散).(追踪超过一年的单个鸟类在迁徙过程中表现出很强的路径重复性，对越冬地点完全忠诚，并限制繁殖扩散。)”可知，它们对自己的越冬地点非常专一。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“They fund ADCY8 had a variant(变体) at high frequency in lng- distance migrant ppulatins f peregrine falcns, indicating this variant is being favrably selected because it may increase pwers f lng- term memry thught t be essential fr lng- distance migratin.(他们发现ADCY8在长途迁徙的游隼种群中有一种高频率的变异，这表明这种变异被有利地选择了，因为它可能增加长期记忆的能力，这被认为是长途迁徙的必要条件。)”可推断，ADCY8是长途迁徙中必不可少的要素。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Our wrk is the first t begin t understand the way eclgical factrs may interact in migratry birds,” said Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang. “We hpe it will serve as a crnerstne t help cnserve migratry species in the wrld””(詹湘江博士说:“我们的工作是第一次开始了解生态因素可能在候鸟中相互作用的方式。”“我们希望它能成为保护世界迁徙物种的基石。”)”可推断，该研究的特别之处是了解了生态因素对候鸟的影响，希望更多的人关注这一点。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Previus studies have identified several candidate genmic regins that may regulate migratin-but ur wrk is the strngest demnstratin f a specific gene assciated with migratry behavir yet identified(以前的研究已经确定了几个可能调控迁移的候选基因组区域，但我们的工作是迄今为止与迁移行为相关的特定基因的最有力的证明。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了研究发现证实了鸟类身上存在的迁徙基因。所以“Bilgists Find Evidence f Migratin Gene in Birds(生物学家在鸟类身上发现迁徙基因的证据)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why are Plice Officers Called Cps?
Plice fficers are ften referred t as cps. ____16____ Sme argue the term is shrtened frm “cpper” and cmes frm cpper badges (徽章) wrn by a pliceman. Others say that it stands fr “Cnstabulary f Plice”.
General agreement n the wrd rigins f “cp”, hwever, suggests that the term is based mre n the pliceman’s jb than n his clthing r jb title. In Latin, the verb capere can be defined as “t capture.” In French, the verb is caper. “T cp” in English is t seize r t take. ____17____
Sme als believe that the Dutch wrd kapen, which als lsely translates t “t steal r take”, is related t plicemen being called cppers r cps. Essentially, the plice frce was there t take criminals ff the streets. ____18____ And since American English especially draws frm German, French, and Latin, the specific language rigin f kapen r capere creates a ready path t the term “cp”.
____19____ And it is n lnger cnsidered rude. Hwever, certain ther terms fr plice fficers are definitely unwelcme. While British Plice might nt mind being called “bbbies”, n plice members like t be referred t as “pigs” r the “fuzz”. Sme dn’t mind the term the “heat” as applied t the whle plice frce, but the plice frce des nt generally take kindly t terms given t them by criminals.
The term “cp” is in such cmmn usage nw that a shw dcumenting their wrk n the jb is called Cps. Even thugh J. Edgar Hver nce highly bjected t the term, it is nw fine t refer t a pliceman r a plice wman as a cp. ____20____
A The term is slightly less familiar t peple.
B. S, the Latin, Dutch, and French terms are all similar.
C. These wrds define sme f what a plice fficer des.
D. The prfessin f a plice fficer was nt respected then.
E. But the rigins f this nickname are smething f a debate.
F. Hwever, the term “plice fficer” is generally mst crrect.
G. Tday it is apprpriate t call members f the plice frce cps.
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. B 19. G 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了警察为什么被称为cps的由来。
【16题详解】
根据下文“Sme argue the term is shrtened frm “cpper” and cmes frm cpper badges (徽章) wrn by a pliceman. Others say that it stands fr “Cnstabulary f Plice”.( 一些人认为这个词是“cpper”的缩写，来自警察佩戴的铜徽章。也有人说它代表“警察总队”。)”可知，关于“cp”这个昵称的起源存在争议。因此推断E项“但这个绰号的起源却存在争议。”符合语境。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“General agreement n the wrd rigins f “cp”, hwever, suggests that the term is based mre n the pliceman’s jb than n his clthing r jb title. In Latin, the verb capere can be defined as “t capture.” In French, the verb is caper. “T cp” in English is t seize r t take.( 然而，关于“cp”一词起源的普遍共识表明，这个词更多地是基于警察的工作，而不是他的服装或头衔。在拉丁语中，动词capere可以被定义为“捕获”。在法语中，动词是caper。“T cp”在英语中的意思是抓住或拿走。)”可知，在不同的语言中有不同的词定义了警察的部分工作，因此推断C项“这些词定义了警察的部分工作”总结上文，these wrds指代前文的词汇。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Essentially, the plice frce was there t take criminals ff the streets.( Sme als believe that the Dutch wrd kapen, which als lsely translates t “t steal r take”, is related t plicemen being called cppers r cps.（一些人还认为，荷兰语kapen也可以粗略地翻译为“偷窃或拿走”，与警察被称为cppers或cps有关。从本质上讲，警察的存在是为了把罪犯赶出街头。)”和下文“And since American English especially draws frm German, French, and Latin, the specific language rigin f kapen r capere creates a ready path t the term “cp”.(由于美式英语主要来源于德语、法语和拉丁语，kapen或capere的特定语言来源为“cp”一词创造了一条现成的路径。)”可知，荷兰语kapen可以粗略地翻译为“偷窃或拿走”，与警察被称为cppers或cps有关，美式英语来自德语，法语和拉丁语，因此推断B项“荷兰语和法语的术语都很相似”承上启下。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据下文“And it is n lnger cnsidered rude.(它不再被认为是粗鲁的。)”可知，现在称警察为cps不粗鲁，是合适的。因此推断G项“今天，把警察称为cp是恰当的。”符合语境，下文是对此的详细解释。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“The term “cp” is in such cmmn usage nw that a shw dcumenting their wrk n the jb is called Cps. Even thugh J. Edgar Hver nce highly bjected t the term, it is nw fine t refer t a pliceman r a plice wman as a cp.(“cp”这个词现在被如此普遍地使用，以至于一个记录他们工作的节目被称为“Cps”。尽管J·埃德加·胡佛曾经强烈反对这个词，但现在把警察或女警察称为cp是可以的。)”可知，现在称呼a pliceman或者 a plice wman是最好的，与前一段是转折关系，因此推断F项“然而，“plice fficer”这个术语通常是最正确的”。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Here I was, sitting in the rller caster (过山车) cart f Kingda Ka in New Jersey, the tallest and secnd fastest rller caster n Earth. My friends shuted in excitement, while I shakily ___21___ my hands n my shrts. “Hw can yu be s excited when...”
My wrds caught in my thrat and melted int screams as the rller caster suddenly ___22___ frward. It was the fastest ___23___ I had ever experienced in my life: 128 miles per hur. I screamed at the tp f my ___24___ as fear frze me up frm inside. We rapidly mved up the skinny hump (驼峰) rising int the cluds at a ninety degree angle, having crssed the track bringing us frward in mere ___25___.
___26___, clse t the highest part f the hump, I ___27___ a little. My screams became less terrified and mre energetic. Once we reached the ___28___ f the hump, I culd almst tuch the sky.
And then we were spiraling (盘旋) dwnwards, curving and twisting and ___29___ twards Earth at the same speed. ____30____ I realized it, we had already met the grund. It was a thirty - secnd - lng ride. I managed t ____31____ the entire ride withut a breakdwn.
I gasped in surprise. It was ver. I had nt nly survived the ride—I had ____32____ it. My friend turned t me, her eyes ____33____. “Are yu ready fr the next rller caster?”
My head felt light as we walked away frm the ride spinning with smething I didn’t ____34____ recgnize. It tk me a few minutes t put a name t it — thrill. “I’m ready fr anything.”
Until tday, that ____35____ ride that I went n 20 years ag is still kept alive in my memry.
21. A. wipedB. wavedC. jinedD. cleaned
22. A. remvedB. rcketedC. struggledD. marched
23. A. launchB. peratinC. rideD. flight
24. A. cheeksB. thratC. heartD. lungs
25. A. minutesB. hursC. secndsD. ccasins
26. A. InsteadB. MeanwhileC. TherefreD. Hwever
27. A. brke dwnB. calmed dwnC. made upD. dressed up
28. A. tpB. pintC. trackD. lcatin
29. A. swingingB. escapingC. shtingD. raring
30. A. AfterB. ThughC. BefreD. While
31. A. take ffB. carry nC. g thrughD. get thrugh
32. A. enjyedB. deservedC. hatedD. cnfirmed
33. A. brightB. wetC. clsedD. pen
34. A. graduallyB. abslutelyC. immediatelyD. eventually
35. A. rmanticB. thrillingC. alarmingD. awkward
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了自己20年前在新泽西州的Kingda Ka过山车上的惊险体验。尽管在过山车启动时感到害怕，但随着过山车的行进，作者逐渐克服了恐惧并享受了整个过程。最终，这次过山车之旅成为了作者难忘的记忆，并激发了他对更多冒险和刺激活动的渴望。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友们兴奋地大喊大叫，而我则紧张不安地在短裤上擦着手。A. wiped擦，消除；B. waved挥动；C. jined加入；D. cleaned打扫。根据上文“the tallest and secnd fastest rller caster n Earth. My friends shuted in excitement”可知，坐在过山车上，作者紧张地把手擦在短裤上。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的话卡在喉咙里，变成了尖叫声，因为过山车突然猛地向前冲去。A. remved去除，移除；B. rcketed迅速移动；C. struggled斗争，挣扎；D. marched行进，前进。根据下文“128 miles per hur.”可知，过山车时速很快，突然猛地向前冲去。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我一生中经历过的最快的一次旅行：时速128英里。A. launch发射；B. peratin操作；C. ride供骑乘的游乐设施；D. flight航班。根据下文“It was a thirty - secnd - lng ride.”可知，此处是信息词ride的词汇复现。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我放声尖叫，恐惧让我从内到外都僵住了。A. cheeks脸颊；B. thrat喉咙；C. heart心；D. lungs肺。根据上文“I screamed”和常识可知，尖叫需要用到肺部来发出声音。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们迅速爬上陡峭的驼峰，以90度的角度升入云端，仅用了几秒钟就穿过了轨道。A. minutes分钟；B. hurs小时；C. secnds秒；D. ccasins场合。根据下文“It was a thirty - secnd - lng ride.”可知，过山车仅用了几秒钟就穿过了轨道。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在驼峰的最高部分附近，我稍微冷静了一点。A. Instead相反；B. Meanwhile与此同时；C. Therefre因此；D. Hwever然而。前面提到过山车迅速上升，后面则提到在接近最高点的时候，作者稍微平静了一些。因此，需要用一个表示转折的连词来连接这两个句子。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. brke dwn出故障；B. calmed dwn平静下来；C. made up组成，编造；D. dressed up打扮。根据下文“My screams became less terrified and mre energetic.”可知，作者稍微冷静一些。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们到达驼峰的顶端时，我几乎可以触摸到天空。A. tp顶部；B. pint观点，要点；C. track轨道；D. lcatin位置。根据“I culd almst tuch the sky.”可知，作者到达了驼峰的顶端。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我们盘旋而下，以同样的速度弯曲、扭曲并冲向地面。A. swinging摇摆；B. escaping逃跑；C. shting飞驰；D. raring咆哮。根据上文“We rapidly mved up the skinny hump (驼峰) rising int the cluds at a ninety degree angle”可知，过山车下来的时候速度也是很快的，因此是飞驰而下。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我还没意识到，我们就已经着陆了。A. After在……之后；B. Thugh尽管；C. Befre在……之前；D. While当……时候。此处表示“表示在意识到之前已经到达了地面”，befre表示“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我设法完成了整个过山车旅行而没有崩溃。A. take ff起飞，脱掉；B. carry n继续；C. g thrugh经历；D. get thrugh完成，通过。根据“we had already met the grund”可知，作者完成了整个过山车旅行。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不仅活了下来，还玩得很开心。A. enjyed享受，喜欢；B. deserved值得；C. hated讨厌；D. cnfirmed证实。根据下文“My head felt light as we walked away frm the ride spinning”可知，作者在坐过山车的过程中玩得很开心。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友转向我，她的眼睛闪闪发光。A. bright明亮的；B. wet湿润的；C. clsed关闭的；D. pen打开的。根据上文“My friends shuted in excitement”可知，作者的朋友因为兴奋，眼睛闪闪发光。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们从过山车上走下来时，我感到头脑轻松，那是一种我没有立刻认出的感觉。A. gradually逐渐地；B. abslutely绝对地；C. immediately立刻；D. eventually最终。根据下文“It tk me a few minutes t put a name t it — thrill.”可知，作者没有立刻识别出坐完过山车带来的感觉。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到今天，我20年前参加的那次惊险的过山车之旅仍然在我的记忆中栩栩如生。A. rmantic浪漫的；B. thrilling惊险的，令人激动的；C. alarming令人惊恐的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据“It tk me a few minutes t put a name t it — thrill.”可知，作者20年前的那次过山车之旅是惊险的。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读短文内容,在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A tea culture saln may be the best way t experience China's tea ceremnies and culture in verseas lcatins.
“Tea fr Harmny”cultural saln in Bath, England n Friday was aimed____36____bth celebrating Internatinal Tea Day, which fell n May 21 and prmising participants an pprtunity____37____(experience) teas and culture frm Central China's Hubei prvince.The____38____(represent) grup frm the Hubei Tea Assciatin brught three types f tea t be enjyed at the saln: Enshi Yulu, Yihng Black Tea, and Qingzhuan Tea.
The histry f the teas n ffer____39____(date) back mre than 1,000 years, and the crafting techniques f Enshi Yulu and Qingzhuan Tea have becme natinal intangible cultural heritages. Each tea was presented with its____40____(appeal) tea ceremny, where a tea master intrduced its area f rigin and its distinct characteristics,____41____demnstrated the particular way the tea shuld be prepared and appreciated.“Unique”,“delicate”and“wnderful”____42____(be) wrds British participants used t describe their feelings during the tea tastings.
“Tea is such an imprtant part f British culture that we have an entire meal____43____(create) that we have entirely dedicated t ur afternn tea. It's very imprtant fr us British t be in Bath in this afternn,____44____is the best and mst elegant afternn tea destinatin,”said Dianne Francmbe, CEO f the Bristl and West f England China Bureau.
“Fine tea is mre expressive than fine wine,and that experience , the flavrs and delicacy f tea,is smething_____45_____(true) superb. I lk frward t cntinued friendship with friends frm China whenever yu visit this regin. ”
【答案】36. at 37. t erperience
38. representative
39. dates 40. appealing
41. and 42. were
43. created
44 which 45. truly
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了茶文化沙龙可能是在海外体验中国的茶道和文化的最好方式。
【36题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：周五在英国巴斯举行的“和谐茶”文化沙龙旨在庆祝5月21日的国际茶日,并向参与者承诺有机会体验中国中部湖北省的茶和文化。分析可知，此处表示“旨在”，应用动词短语aim at，故填at。
【37题详解】
考查不定式。句意同上。分析可知，修饰名词pprtunity，应用不定式作后置定语，故填t experience。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：来自湖北茶叶协会的代表团带来了三种茶,可以在沙龙上享用：恩施玉露、宜红红茶和青砖茶。修饰名词用形容词作定语，故填representative.
【39题详解】
考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：所售茶叶的历史可以追溯到1000多年前，恩施玉露和青砖茶的制作技术已成为国家非物质文化遗产。date back表示“追溯到”，在句中作谓语，讲述一般事实时态为一般现在时，主语histry，单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填dates。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：每一种茶都伴随着其吸引人的茶道，茶师介绍了其产地和独特的特点，并展示了茶应该如何准备和欣赏的特殊方式。修饰名词短语tea ceremny，应用形容词appealing，意为“吸引人的”。故填appealing。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意：句意：每一种茶都伴随着其吸引人的茶道，茶师介绍了其产地和独特的特点，并展示了茶应该如何准备和欣赏的特殊方式。intrduced和demnstrated是where引导的定语从句的谓语动词，是并列关系，故填and。
【42题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：“独特”“精致”和“美妙”是英国参与者用来描述他们在品茶过程中的感受的词语。根据前后文语境，讲述茶的历史，句子应用一般过去时,主语“Unique”,“delicate”and“wnderful”是复数，系动词be应用were，故填were。
【43题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：茶是英国文化中如此重要的一部分,以至于我们专门设计了下午茶这一整顿饭。此处使用定搭配have sth. dne，意为“让某事被做”，故填created。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：今天下午,我们英国人来到巴斯,这是最重要、最优雅的下午茶目的地。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Bath，指物，应填which，作定语从句的主语，故填which。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：好茶比好酒更有表现力,这种体验,茶的味道和美味,真是无与伦比。修饰形容词superb，应用副词，故填truly。
第四部分 写作
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，在美国某博物馆参观时，购买了一本介绍该馆所收藏文物的书籍，阅读后发现书中对一些中国文物(artifacts)的英文介绍有误。请你就此向博物馆写一封信，内容包括：
1. 投诉问题；
2. 提出建议。
注意：
1. 词数80左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Pssible Versin 1
Dear Sir r Madam,
I am Li Hua, a Chinese wh paid a visit t yur museum the ther day. I am writing t express my cmplaint abut the mistakes in yur bk intrducing the cultural relics in yur museum.
It cmes as a shck that sme bvius errrs in the intrductin f Chinese artifacts are fund in the bk. The symblic significance differs between Chinese and western dragns but there exists misinterpretatin in a Chinese painting. Wrse still, the authrs and dates marked n sme artifacts are at dds with the facts, which will definitely ruin the reputatin f yur museum. It is preferable t rganize experts t review this bk and remve the bks with incrrect intrductin.
I hpe yu can take my appeal int cnsideratin. Lking frward t yur favrable reply.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
Pssible Versin 2
Dear Sir r Madam,
My name is Li Hua, and I am writing t bring t yur attentin certain inaccuracies I discvered in a bk abut yur artifact cllectin, which I purchased during my recent visit t yur museum.
There are several incrrect descriptins cncerning Chinese artifacts in the bk. The jade teapt is actually frm the Han Dynasty, cntrary t what was stated in the bk as a mdern handicraft. Besides, the vilet silk gwn, mistakenly identified as a ryal Japanese dress, is in fact a traditinal Chinese Hanfu. T clarify these issues, I recmmend cnsulting with specialists fr a cmprehensive review. It wuld be beneficial if the publishers culd arrange a recall f the current editin fr necessary updates.
I believe these actins wuld uphld/ maintain/ preserve the authenticity/ credibility f the bk’s cntent. Yur prmpt reslutin wuld be highly appreciated.
Yurs sincerely
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生在美国某博物馆参观时，购买了一本介绍该馆所收藏文物的书籍，阅读后发现书中对一些中国文物(artifacts)的英文介绍有误。请考生根据提示就此事向博物馆写一封信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
购买：purchase→buy
关于：cncerning→regarding
传统的：traditinal→cnventinal
事实上：in fact→ as a matter f fact
2句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：T clarify these issues, I recmmend cnsulting with specialists fr a cmprehensive review.
拓展句：T clarify these issues, I recmmend that yu shuld cnsult with specialists fr a cmprehensive review.
【点睛】[高分句型1] My name is Li Hua, and I am writing t bring t yur attentin certain inaccuracies I discvered in a bk abut yur artifact cllectin, which I purchased during my recent visit t yur museum. (运用省略了引导词that/which定语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] The jade teapt is actually frm the Han Dynasty, cntrary t what was stated in the bk as a mdern handicraft. (运用了what引导的宾语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
It was a cld, snwy evening. Tmmy was running as fast as he culd, fcused n nthing but his destinatin----the shp n the street crner. Tw weeks ag he saw figurines(小塑像) f Marvel superheres n the shelves and felt he had t have ne. He’s been walking the neighbr’s dg ever since then t earn mney t fulfil his little dream. He was s excited and barely nticing the wrld arund him. Maybe that’s why he tripped ver the legs f a hmeless wman, wh was sitting n the pavement, her back against the wall. He murmured(低语) "srry" and mved n t his destinatin.
Once he entered the shp, he went straight t the shelves with figurines. Hulk, Thr, Captain America, Irn Man, and many mre----all f his admired heres. With his heart punding like crazy he reached fr Spiderman.
“Yu like these, true believer?”
Tmmy turned arund. An ld man was standing behind him with a wide smile n his face.
“Y-yes, …Yes, they’re awesme!” answered Tmmy. “They’re strng and fast and help ther peple a lt ...”the by lked at figurines in admiratin. “I wish I culd be a superher t.”
“Then becme ne!” said the ld man.
“Hw?” Tmmy asked in surprise. “I dn’t have any superpwers.”
“And why wuld yu need them?” the ld man smiled. Seeing the cnfusin n the by's face, he squatted(蹲下) and put his hands n Tmmy's arms. “Did yu knw that shpkeeper lady ver there has a disabled husband? She’s been wrking hard and taking care f him fr years. I’ve never heard a wrd f cmplaint frm her. And this persn ---” he pinted at a redhead man, wh just entered the shp. “He’s a firefighter; he’s saved cuntless lives. He never gives up, n matter hw dangerus the situatin seems t be.”
The ld man lked Tmmy in the eyes and smiled. “Yu dn’t need a superpwer t be a her fr smene else. The path f a superher starts nt in the mind, nt in the muscles, but in the heart.”
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Tmmy lwered his head and lked at his shes thinking intensely.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The hmeless wman was right there, where he saw her last time.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
Tmmy lwered his head and lked at his shes thinking intensely. Finally he raised his head. "S I am suppsed t...” he stpped mid-sentence when he realized that he was alne. He turned his head left and right, but the ld man was nwhere t be seen. His eyes lit up---- he already had an idea f what he shuld d. He lked at figurines fr the last time and mved twards the cunter. "Tw sandwiches and a cup f tea please, "he said, and then returned, fd in hand.
The hmeless wman was right there, where he saw her last time. Tmmy came clser and carefully gave the wman his buys. Her eyes pened wide in surprise, then filled with tears. “Thank yu," she whispered. Tmmy bwed his head, turned arund and went back hme. He was mving faster and faster and finally he started t run. Strange energy filling his bdy made him feel like he culd fly. When he finally stpped, he was breathing heavily, but he didn’t feel tired. He smiled happily --- it was a wnderful feeling. And nthing culd stp it.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了汤米想成为超级英雄，在一个老人的开导下他学会了用自己的行动去帮助他人的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“汤米低下头，看着自己的鞋子，冥思苦想。”可知，第一段可描写汤米懂得了真正超级英雄的含义。
②由第二段首句内容“那个无家可归的女人就在那里，他最后一次见到她的地方。”可知，第二段可描写汤米帮助了那个女人。
2.续写线索：领悟——帮助——感谢——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.开始：start/begin/cmmence
②.充满：be filled with/be full f
情绪类
①.感谢：Thank fr/shw ne’s appreciatin/shw ne’s gratitude/be grateful
②.积极：psitive attitude/act psitively
【点睛】[高分句型1]. His eyes lit up---- he already had an idea f what he shuld d.这句话运用了what引导的宾语从句。
[高分句型2] Strange energy filling his bdy made him feel like he culd fly.这句话运用了现在分词作定语。
听力答案：1-5 CABCB 6-10 ABCAB 11-15 CCBAA 16-20 BCBBA
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Hw is the weather in the muntains?
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Snwy.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. Cking. B. Traditins. C. Experiments.
3. Why des the man read in weak light?
A. He is afraid f light. B. His brther is sleeping. C. He desn’t care abut his eyes.
4. Hw much mney did the man lend the wman?
A. $70. B. $80. C. $100.
5. What is the man’s pinin abut sleep?
A. Fur hurs is plenty fr him.
B. Six hurs is the least fr mst peple.
C. Eight hurs is t much fr the wman.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. In the kitchen. B. In the bedrm. C. In the study.
7. When des the man plan t g t sleep?
A. At 11: 00 p. m. B. At 3: 00 a. m. C. At 4: 00 a. m.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Hw lng did Marc Pl travel?
A. Fr 13 years. B. Fr 17 years. C. Fr 24 years.
9. What des the man suggest the wman d at the end?
A. Read a strybk abut Xuanzang. B. Write an essay abut Marc Pl.
C. Imagine the life in ancient times.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What language is Richard fluent in?
A. French. B. Spanish. C. Italian.
11. What is Mlly ging t d?
A. Spend a year in France. B. Spend a year in Spain. C. Spend six mnths in France.
12. What is Richard’s advice fr learning a new language?
A. Ging traveling ften. B. Using the dictinary ften.
C. Surrunding yurself in the envirnment.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What will Henry d at the beach?
A. G swimming. B. G walking. C. G biking.
14. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Clleagues. B. Classmates. C. Brther and sister.
15. Why wn’t Kelly g t the beach tmrrw?
A. It will rain. B. She has t wrk. C. She is sensitive t the sun.
16. Wh will drive the car tday?
A. Ryan. B. Kelly. C. Henry.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What wuld MAD Architects prefer buildings t be like?
A. Mre attractive. B. Mre traditinal. C. Mre envirnmentally friendly.
18. What des MAD Architects want t prvide?
A. The situatin f separatin frm nature. B. The feeling f being in the natural wrld.
C. The experience f living in ancient times.
19. Where will the Urban Frest be built?
A. In Beijing. B. In Chngqing, C. In Rme.
20. Wh shuld apply fr a jb accrding t the talk?
A. Architects. B. Engineers. C. Office wrkers.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Nrth Rim t repen n June 2 with limited services available
News Release Date: May 17, 2023
Cntact: Jëlle Baird, 928-606-3154
Grand Canyn, Ariz
The Nrth Rim f Grand Canyn Natinal Park will pen as scheduled, n June 2, with limited visitr services and water cnservatin measures due t a break in the Nrth Rim water pipeline. A landslide frm winter strms destryed mre than 300 feet f the Nrth Rim water pipeline.
Visitr Services
The Grand Canyn Ldge will perate day-use services with limited fd and beverage service beginning n June 2. N vernight accmmdatins will be available until at least July 23, 2023.
The Nrth Rim Campgrund, managed by the Natinal Park Service, will perate as scheduled beginning n June 9 with ptable drinking water and tilets available. The public laundry and shwer facilities will nt be pen at least thrugh July 23, 2023.
The Nrth Rim Visitr Center and Grand Canyn Cnservancy’s bkstre pen as usual, 8 am t 6 pm daily, with a variety f ranger prgrams ffered.
Visitrs explring the Nrth Rim this summer shuld be self-sufficient and shuld bring adequate fd and water fr the day as services are limited and may be subject t change. Nearby, accmmdating is available at the Kaibab Ldge and fd services and fuel at the Nrth Rim Cuntry Stre. Year-rund accmmdating, fd services and fuel are lcated 45 miles nrth f the Nrth Rim at Jacb Lake. As a result f substantial winter rckfall and landslides, trail (步道) repair wrk n the Nrth Kaibab Trail cntinues. There is a trail clsure in effect n the Nrth Kaibab Trail and it will fficially repen n June 16, 2023.
1. Which was nt affected and pens as usual?
A. The public laundry.B. The Grand Canyn Ldge.
C. The Nrth Kaibab Trail.D. The Nrth Rim Visitr Center.
2. What can we learn abut the Nrth Kaibab Trail frm the text?
A. It ffers fd service.B. It is arund Jacb Lake.
C. It is under repair nw.D. It pens all the year arund.
3. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T warn visitrs f the ncming landslide.
B. T infrm visitrs f schedules f sme attractins.
C. T appeal t mre visitrs t the Grand Canyn Natinal Park.
D. T advertise the prducts f the Grand Canyn Natinal Park.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文，主要介绍了美国大峡谷公园景点北缘因山体滑坡而对游览的时间和路线做出的调整。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The Nrth Rim Visitr Center and Grand Canyn Cnservancy’s bkstre pen as usual, 8 am t 6 pm daily, with a variety f ranger prgrams ffered. (北缘游客中心和大峡谷保护协会的书店照常营业，每天早上8点到下午6点，提供各种护林员项目)”可知，北缘游客中心和大峡谷保护协会里的书店照常开放，没有调整。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“As a result f substantial winter rckfall and landslides, trail (步道) repair wrk n the Nrth Kaibab Trail cntinues. (由于冬季大量的岩崩和山体滑坡，北凯巴布步道的道路修复工作仍在继续)”可知，北凯巴布步道的修复工作仍在继续。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Grand Canyn, Ariz下“The Nrth Rim f Grand Canyn Natinal Park will pen as scheduled, n June 2, with limited visitr services and water cnservatin measures due t a break in the Nrth Rim water pipeline. (大峡谷国家公园北缘将于6月2日如期开放，但由于北缘输水管道断裂，游客服务受到限制，并采取了节约用水的措施)”及全文内容可知，本文写作目的是为了告诉游客美国大峡谷公园景点北缘因山体滑坡而对游览的时间和路线做出的调整。故选B。
B
I received my architectural training in Italy, earning a traditinal degree that didn’t invlve wrking with Cmputer-Aided Design (CAD). Hwever, my jurney with cmputers began thrugh my passin fr music, using sund sampling systems, which catch the “sund reality” f an instrument, and als cmputer-assisted music cmpsitin systems. Little did I knw that this explratin wuld greatly influence my apprach t cmputer science and AI in the years t cme.
Self-taught in cmputer science during my architectural studies, I sught pprtunities t specialize further. Ultimately, my jurney led me t a pineering labratry in Marseille, France, knwn fr its grundbreaking wrk in cmputer science applied t architecture. Surrunded by a cmmunity f innvatrs, I imprved my skills t explre the transfrmative pwer f technlgy in preserving cultural heritage.
In 2019, the wrld watched in hrrr as Ntre Dame de Paris (巴黎圣母院) was cnsumed in flames. Determined t cntribute t the restratin effrts, I tk the lead in develping a digital ecsystem fr the restratin peratin. We develped grundbreaking AI tls generating 3D representatins frm phtgraphs. By tracking the psitin and shape f vussirs (拱石), and digitizing them frm phtgraphs, we were able t use the fine gemetric infrmatin f the vussirs t recnstruct the arch, thus giving valuable infrmatin t the architects abut the structure, the exact gemetry, and especially abut cnstructive details f the ldest areas f the church frm the 13th century. Ntably, AI played a pivtal rle in the prcess.
As the restratin prject prgresses, the AI-driven preservatin cntinues t advance. This knwledge will definitely serve as raw material t be used fr AI systems, fr example, fr studies that can be extended t ther buildings. Tday, the restratin prject is in an extremely advanced state. We hpe t cmplete the restratin wrk befre the 2024 Paris Olympics, s that this architectural masterpiece can regain its frmer glry.
4. What led the authr t cmputer science initially?
A. Cmpsing music with CAD.B. Explring cmputers fr music.
C. Studying fr a degree in architecture.D. Develping sund sampling systems.
5. What is the third paragraph mainly abut?
A. The applicatin f AI in restratin.B. The structure f Ntre Dame de Paris.
C. The destructin f Ntre Dame de Paris.D. The develpment f AI digital ecsystem.
6. What des the underlined wrd “pivtal” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Secndary.B. Independent.C. Discuraging.D. Crucial.
7. What is the authr’s attitude twards the AI-driven preservatin?
A. Indifferent.B. Skeptical.C. Optimistic.D. Objective.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者在计算机科学领域的探索以及发现，说明了人工智能在修复文物中发挥的重要作用。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Hwever, my jurney with cmputers began thrugh my passin fr music, using sund sampling systems, which catch the “sund reality” f an instrument, and als cmputer-assisted music cmpsitin systems.(然而，我的电脑之旅始于我对音乐的热爱，使用声音采样系统，捕捉乐器的“声音现实”，以及计算机辅助的音乐创作系统)”可知，最初是为音乐探索电脑引导作者进入计算机科学领域的。故选B。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“In 2019, the wrld watched in hrrr as Ntre Dame de Paris (巴黎圣母院) was cnsumed in flames. Determined t cntribute t the restratin effrts, I tk the lead in develping a digital ecsystem fr the restratin peratin. We develped grundbreaking AI tls generating 3D representatins frm phtgraphs. By tracking the psitin and shape f vussirs (拱石), and digitizing them frm phtgraphs, we were able t use the fine gemetric infrmatin f the vussirs t recnstruct the arch, thus giving valuable infrmatin t the architects abut the structure, the exact gemetry, and especially abut cnstructive details f the ldest areas f the church frm the 13th century. Ntably, AI played a pivtal rle in the prcess.(2019年，全世界都惊恐地看到巴黎圣母院被大火吞噬。我决心为修复工作做出贡献，并带头为修复工作开发了一个数字生态系统。我们开发了突破性的人工智能工具，从照片中生成3D表示。通过跟踪拱石的位置和形状，并将它们从照片中数字化，我们能够拱石使用的精细几何信息来重建拱门，从而为建筑师提供有关结构，精确几何形状，特别是13世纪以来教堂最古老区域的构造细节的宝贵信息。值得注意的是，人工智能在这一过程中发挥了关键作用)”可知，第三段的主要内容是人工智能在修复中的应用。故选A。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“As the restratin prject prgresses, the AI-driven preservatin cntinues t advance.(随着修复工程的推进，人工智能驱动的保护也在不断推进)”可知，随着修复工程的推进，人工智能驱动的保护也在不断推进，说明人工智能在这一过程中发挥了重要作用。故划线词意思是“重要的”。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“As the restratin prject prgresses, the AI-driven preservatin cntinues t advance. This knwledge will definitely serve as raw material t be used fr AI systems, fr example, fr studies that can be extended t ther buildings. Tday, the restratin prject is in an extremely advanced state. We hpe t cmplete the restratin wrk befre the 2024 Paris Olympics, s that this architectural masterpiece can regain its frmer glry.(随着修复工程的推进，人工智能驱动的保护也在不断推进。这些知识肯定会作为人工智能系统的原材料，例如，用于可以扩展到其他建筑物的研究。今天，修复工程处于非常先进的状态。我们希望在2024年巴黎奥运会之前完成修复工作，让这座建筑杰作重现昔日的辉煌)”可知，作者对人工智能驱动保护持乐观态度。故选C。
C
At ne time, ur grwing ppulatin was seen as central t wildlife extinctin, resurce exhaustin, pllutin and envirnmental destructin. But tday, ur cncerns shift t declining birth rates due t increased reprductive chice fr wmen.
This is a psitive develpment, but is ften described as a “crisis” in the media, highlighting ecnmic and senir care challenges. Lst in the cnversatin are the many psitive aspects f an aging sciety, which is the result f peple living healthier and lnger lives, and cmmn-sense realities like reduced needs fr infrastructure (基础设施) and lwer eclgical impacts. Als lst is the fact that ur ppulatin still grws by 80 millin peple every year.
And the cnsequences f high birth rates are severe. Amng them is glbal warming. In fact, increased emissins (排放) frm ppulatin grwth have canceled mre than three quarters f the emissins saved thrugh energy efficiency and renewables ver the past three decades.
Yet, n matter hw well dcumented the link between ppulatin and climate, lwering ur ppulatin is ntably absent frm the cnversatin n slutins. Instead, the fcus is n technlgy that will suppsedly allw ur entire grwing ppulatin t enjy the energy-intensive lifestyles nw enjyed by the rich, and with n climate impacts.
But “green” technlgy is nt the slutin it is advertised t be. Its expansin t the degree needed t pwer a grwing ppulatin at a decent standard f living wuld itself require a shcking investment in fssil (化石) fuels. It als requires massive mining peratins, many f which take place n the backs f lw-wage wrkers in Africa where it is driving destructin f rainfrests critical t the survival f great apes. Besides, it requires 10 times the land area as fssil fuel plants fr the same amunt f energy generated.
When glbal warming threatens t push billins int unsafe temperatures, it is n time t panic that we are adding fewer t thse billins. In fact, declining birth rates shuld be cause fr celebratin as they signify advances in gender equality and a reduced burden n Earth.
8. What can we learn frm paragraph 2?
A. The glbal ppulatin is decreasing every year.
B. The benefits f an aging sciety are verlked.
C. The eclgical envirnment is turning fr the better.
D. The media make up misleading news abut the ppulatin.
9. What is highlighted as a disadvantage f high birth rates?
A. Reduced infrastructure needs.B. Challenges in senir care services.
C. A slwdwn in ecnmic grwth.D. Increased greenhuse gas emissins.
10. Why is “green” technlgy questined in the text?
A. It des damage t the ecsystem.B. It is nt ppular arund the wrld.
C. It is unaffrdable fr pr regins.D. It has little effect n reducing pllutin.
11. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Aging Scieties: A Glbal CrisisB. The Mystery f “Green” Technlgy
C. The Trend f Ppulatin GrwthD. Declining Birth Rates: A Hpeful Sign
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是人口高出生率的危害以及出生率降低带来的积极影响。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“This is a psitive develpment, but is ften described as a “crisis” in the media, highlighting ecnmic and senir care challenges.(这是一个积极的发展，但媒体经常将其描述为“危机”，强调经济和老年人护理方面的挑战。)”以及下文中介绍的人口老龄化带来的积极影响被人们忽略的事实可知，在第二段我们了解到的是老龄化社会的好处被人们忽略。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And the cnsequences f high birth rates are severe. Amng them is glbal warming.(高出生率的后果是严重的。其中之一就是全球变暖。)”以及下文中介绍的高出生率导致排放量增加的情况可知，高出来率的缺点是造成温室气体排放增加。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Its expansin t the degree needed t pwer a grwing ppulatin at a decent standard f living wuld itself require a shcking investment in fssil (化石) fuels. It als requires massive mining peratins, many f which take place n the backs f lw-wage wrkers in Africa where it is driving destructin f rainfrests critical t the survival f great apes.(它的扩张要达到为不断增长的人口提供体面生活所需的程度，本身就需要对化石燃料(化石)进行惊人的投资。它还需要大规模的采矿作业，其中许多是在非洲的低工资工人的支持下进行的，这正在破坏对类人猿生存至关重要的热带雨林。)”可知，“绿色”技术的扩张需要对化石燃料进行大量投资，大规模的釆矿作业，破坏了对类人猿生存至关重要的热带雨林，由此可知，“绿色”技术被质疑的原因是它破坏了生态环境。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容及最后一段中“In fact, declining birth rates shuld be cause fr celebratin as they signify advances in gender equality and a reduced burden n Earth.(事实上，出生率下降应该是值得庆祝的，因为它们标志着性别平等的进步和地球负担的减轻)”可知，本文主要讨论了出生率下降的积极意义，所以D选项“出生率下降：一个充满希望的迹象”概括全文主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选D项。
D
Millins f migratry (迁徙的) birds ccupy seasnally favrable breeding grunds in the Arelie, but scientists knw little abut the frmatin, maintenance and future f the migratin rutes f Arctic birds and the genetic determinants f migratry distance. In a new study, a multinatinal team f researchers under the leadership f Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang frm the Institute f Zlgy f the Chinese Academy f Sciences integrated tw state- f- the- art techniques—satellite tracking and whle genme sequencing(基因组测序)— and established a cntinental- scale migratin system f peregrine falcns(游隼) in Eurasian Arctic.
The researchers tracked 56 peregrine falcns frm six Eurasian Arctic breeding ppulatins and sequenced35 genmes frm fur f these ppulatins t study the migratin f this species. They fund that the birds used five migratin rutes acrss Eurasia, prbably established between the last Ice Age 22, 000 years ag and the middle- Hlcene 6, 000 years ag. “Peregrine falcns initiated their autumn migratin mainly in September, and arrived at their wintering areas mainly in Octber,” said Prfessr Mike Brufrd, an eclgist at Cardiff University. “Peregrine falcns that depart frm different breeding grunds use different rutes, and winter at widely distributed sites acrss fur distinct regins. Individual birds that were tracked fr mre than ne year exhibited strng path repeatability during migratin, cmplete lyalty t wintering lcatins and limited breeding dispersal(扩散). ”
The researchers quantified the migratin strategies and fund that migratin distance is the mst significant differentiatin. They used whle genme sequencing and fund a gene—ADCY8, which is knwn t be invlved in lng- term memry in ther animals in previus research—assciated with differences in migratry distance. They fund ADCY8 had a variant(变体) at high frequency in lng- distance migrant ppulatins f peregrine falcns, indicating this variant is being favrably selected because it may increase pwers f lng- term memry thught t be essential fr lng- distance migratin.
“Previus studies have identified several candidate genmic regins that may regulate migratin— but ur wrk is the strngest demnstratin f a specific gene assciated with migratry behavir yet identified,” Prfessr Brufrd said. The researchers further lked at mdels f likely future migratin behavir t predict the impact f glbal warming. If the climate warms at the same rate as it has in recent decades, they predict peregrine ppulatins in western Eurasia have the highest prbability f ppulatin decline and may stp migrating altgether.
“Our wrk is the first t begin t understand the way eclgical factrs may interact in migratry birds,” said Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang. “We hpe it will serve as a crnerstne t help cnserve migratry species in the wrld”
12. What can we learn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. Five birds’ migratin rutes were built 22, 000 years ag.
B. Peregrine falcns stick t the areas where they winter.
C. Peregrine falcns leave fr Arctic regins in September.
D. Tw nvel research methds f migratin were invented.
13. What can we infer abut ADCY8?
A. It is a newly- discvered gene in the new study.
B. It serves as a fundamental part f lng- distance migratin.
C. It culd be strengthened by the pwer f lng- term memry.
D. It turned ut t be mre favred by birds than the ther animals.
14. What is special abut the new study?
A. It has discvered a new genmic regin f birds.
B. It has predicted the rate at which the climate warms.
C. It analyses the reasns fr the decrease f peregrine falcns.
D. It encurages attentin t envirnmental effects n migratry birds.
15. Which wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A. Researchers Help Cnserve Migratry Species
B. Bilgists Find Evidence f Migratin Gene in Birds
C. Hw Lng- term Memry Helps Lng- distance Migratin
D. Hw Eclgical Factrs Affect Birds’ Migratry Distances
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的科学发现，研究表明，全球变暖对于长途迁徙的鸟类有很大的影响。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Individual birds that were tracked fr mre than ne year exhibited strng path repeatability during migratin, cmplete lyalty t wintering lcatins and limited breeding dispersal(扩散).(追踪超过一年的单个鸟类在迁徙过程中表现出很强的路径重复性，对越冬地点完全忠诚，并限制繁殖扩散。)”可知，它们对自己的越冬地点非常专一。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“They fund ADCY8 had a variant(变体) at high frequency in lng- distance migrant ppulatins f peregrine falcns, indicating this variant is being favrably selected because it may increase pwers f lng- term memry thught t be essential fr lng- distance migratin.(他们发现ADCY8在长途迁徙的游隼种群中有一种高频率的变异，这表明这种变异被有利地选择了，因为它可能增加长期记忆的能力，这被认为是长途迁徙的必要条件。)”可推断，ADCY8是长途迁徙中必不可少的要素。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Our wrk is the first t begin t understand the way eclgical factrs may interact in migratry birds,” said Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang. “We hpe it will serve as a crnerstne t help cnserve migratry species in the wrld””(詹湘江博士说:“我们的工作是第一次开始了解生态因素可能在候鸟中相互作用的方式。”“我们希望它能成为保护世界迁徙物种的基石。”)”可推断，该研究的特别之处是了解了生态因素对候鸟的影响，希望更多的人关注这一点。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Previus studies have identified several candidate genmic regins that may regulate migratin-but ur wrk is the strngest demnstratin f a specific gene assciated with migratry behavir yet identified(以前的研究已经确定了几个可能调控迁移的候选基因组区域，但我们的工作是迄今为止与迁移行为相关的特定基因的最有力的证明。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了研究发现证实了鸟类身上存在的迁徙基因。所以“Bilgists Find Evidence f Migratin Gene in Birds(生物学家在鸟类身上发现迁徙基因的证据)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why are Plice Officers Called Cps?
Plice fficers are ften referred t as cps. ____16____ Sme argue the term is shrtened frm “cpper” and cmes frm cpper badges (徽章) wrn by a pliceman. Others say that it stands fr “Cnstabulary f Plice”.
General agreement n the wrd rigins f “cp”, hwever, suggests that the term is based mre n the pliceman’s jb than n his clthing r jb title. In Latin, the verb capere can be defined as “t capture.” In French, the verb is caper. “T cp” in English is t seize r t take. ____17____
Sme als believe that the Dutch wrd kapen, which als lsely translates t “t steal r take”, is related t plicemen being called cppers r cps. Essentially, the plice frce was there t take criminals ff the streets. ____18____ And since American English especially draws frm German, French, and Latin, the specific language rigin f kapen r capere creates a ready path t the term “cp”.
____19____ And it is n lnger cnsidered rude. Hwever, certain ther terms fr plice fficers are definitely unwelcme. While British Plice might nt mind being called “bbbies”, n plice members like t be referred t as “pigs” r the “fuzz”. Sme dn’t mind the term the “heat” as applied t the whle plice frce, but the plice frce des nt generally take kindly t terms given t them by criminals.
The term “cp” is in such cmmn usage nw that a shw dcumenting their wrk n the jb is called Cps. Even thugh J. Edgar Hver nce highly bjected t the term, it is nw fine t refer t a pliceman r a plice wman as a cp. ____20____
A The term is slightly less familiar t peple.
B. S, the Latin, Dutch, and French terms are all similar.
C. These wrds define sme f what a plice fficer des.
D. The prfessin f a plice fficer was nt respected then.
E. But the rigins f this nickname are smething f a debate.
F. Hwever, the term “plice fficer” is generally mst crrect.
G. Tday it is apprpriate t call members f the plice frce cps.
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. B 19. G 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了警察为什么被称为cps的由来。
【16题详解】
根据下文“Sme argue the term is shrtened frm “cpper” and cmes frm cpper badges (徽章) wrn by a pliceman. Others say that it stands fr “Cnstabulary f Plice”.( 一些人认为这个词是“cpper”的缩写，来自警察佩戴的铜徽章。也有人说它代表“警察总队”。)”可知，关于“cp”这个昵称的起源存在争议。因此推断E项“但这个绰号的起源却存在争议。”符合语境。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“General agreement n the wrd rigins f “cp”, hwever, suggests that the term is based mre n the pliceman’s jb than n his clthing r jb title. In Latin, the verb capere can be defined as “t capture.” In French, the verb is caper. “T cp” in English is t seize r t take.( 然而，关于“cp”一词起源的普遍共识表明，这个词更多地是基于警察的工作，而不是他的服装或头衔。在拉丁语中，动词capere可以被定义为“捕获”。在法语中，动词是caper。“T cp”在英语中的意思是抓住或拿走。)”可知，在不同的语言中有不同的词定义了警察的部分工作，因此推断C项“这些词定义了警察的部分工作”总结上文，these wrds指代前文的词汇。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Essentially, the plice frce was there t take criminals ff the streets.( Sme als believe that the Dutch wrd kapen, which als lsely translates t “t steal r take”, is related t plicemen being called cppers r cps.（一些人还认为，荷兰语kapen也可以粗略地翻译为“偷窃或拿走”，与警察被称为cppers或cps有关。从本质上讲，警察的存在是为了把罪犯赶出街头。)”和下文“And since American English especially draws frm German, French, and Latin, the specific language rigin f kapen r capere creates a ready path t the term “cp”.(由于美式英语主要来源于德语、法语和拉丁语，kapen或capere的特定语言来源为“cp”一词创造了一条现成的路径。)”可知，荷兰语kapen可以粗略地翻译为“偷窃或拿走”，与警察被称为cppers或cps有关，美式英语来自德语，法语和拉丁语，因此推断B项“荷兰语和法语的术语都很相似”承上启下。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据下文“And it is n lnger cnsidered rude.(它不再被认为是粗鲁的。)”可知，现在称警察为cps不粗鲁，是合适的。因此推断G项“今天，把警察称为cp是恰当的。”符合语境，下文是对此的详细解释。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“The term “cp” is in such cmmn usage nw that a shw dcumenting their wrk n the jb is called Cps. Even thugh J. Edgar Hver nce highly bjected t the term, it is nw fine t refer t a pliceman r a plice wman as a cp.(“cp”这个词现在被如此普遍地使用，以至于一个记录他们工作的节目被称为“Cps”。尽管J·埃德加·胡佛曾经强烈反对这个词，但现在把警察或女警察称为cp是可以的。)”可知，现在称呼a pliceman或者 a plice wman是最好的，与前一段是转折关系，因此推断F项“然而，“plice fficer”这个术语通常是最正确的”。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Here I was, sitting in the rller caster (过山车) cart f Kingda Ka in New Jersey, the tallest and secnd fastest rller caster n Earth. My friends shuted in excitement, while I shakily ___21___ my hands n my shrts. “Hw can yu be s excited when...”
My wrds caught in my thrat and melted int screams as the rller caster suddenly ___22___ frward. It was the fastest ___23___ I had ever experienced in my life: 128 miles per hur. I screamed at the tp f my ___24___ as fear frze me up frm inside. We rapidly mved up the skinny hump (驼峰) rising int the cluds at a ninety degree angle, having crssed the track bringing us frward in mere ___25___.
___26___, clse t the highest part f the hump, I ___27___ a little. My screams became less terrified and mre energetic. Once we reached the ___28___ f the hump, I culd almst tuch the sky.
And then we were spiraling (盘旋) dwnwards, curving and twisting and ___29___ twards Earth at the same speed. ____30____ I realized it, we had already met the grund. It was a thirty - secnd - lng ride. I managed t ____31____ the entire ride withut a breakdwn.
I gasped in surprise. It was ver. I had nt nly survived the ride—I had ____32____ it. My friend turned t me, her eyes ____33____. “Are yu ready fr the next rller caster?”
My head felt light as we walked away frm the ride spinning with smething I didn’t ____34____ recgnize. It tk me a few minutes t put a name t it — thrill. “I’m ready fr anything.”
Until tday, that ____35____ ride that I went n 20 years ag is still kept alive in my memry.
21. A. wipedB. wavedC. jinedD. cleaned
22. A. remvedB. rcketedC. struggledD. marched
23. A. launchB. peratinC. rideD. flight
24. A. cheeksB. thratC. heartD. lungs
25. A. minutesB. hursC. secndsD. ccasins
26. A. InsteadB. MeanwhileC. TherefreD. Hwever
27. A. brke dwnB. calmed dwnC. made upD. dressed up
28. A. tpB. pintC. trackD. lcatin
29. A. swingingB. escapingC. shtingD. raring
30. A. AfterB. ThughC. BefreD. While
31. A. take ffB. carry nC. g thrughD. get thrugh
32. A. enjyedB. deservedC. hatedD. cnfirmed
33. A. brightB. wetC. clsedD. pen
34. A. graduallyB. abslutelyC. immediatelyD. eventually
35. A. rmanticB. thrillingC. alarmingD. awkward
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了自己20年前在新泽西州的Kingda Ka过山车上的惊险体验。尽管在过山车启动时感到害怕，但随着过山车的行进，作者逐渐克服了恐惧并享受了整个过程。最终，这次过山车之旅成为了作者难忘的记忆，并激发了他对更多冒险和刺激活动的渴望。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友们兴奋地大喊大叫，而我则紧张不安地在短裤上擦着手。A. wiped擦，消除；B. waved挥动；C. jined加入；D. cleaned打扫。根据上文“the tallest and secnd fastest rller caster n Earth. My friends shuted in excitement”可知，坐在过山车上，作者紧张地把手擦在短裤上。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的话卡在喉咙里，变成了尖叫声，因为过山车突然猛地向前冲去。A. remved去除，移除；B. rcketed迅速移动；C. struggled斗争，挣扎；D. marched行进，前进。根据下文“128 miles per hur.”可知，过山车时速很快，突然猛地向前冲去。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我一生中经历过的最快的一次旅行：时速128英里。A. launch发射；B. peratin操作；C. ride供骑乘的游乐设施；D. flight航班。根据下文“It was a thirty - secnd - lng ride.”可知，此处是信息词ride的词汇复现。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我放声尖叫，恐惧让我从内到外都僵住了。A. cheeks脸颊；B. thrat喉咙；C. heart心；D. lungs肺。根据上文“I screamed”和常识可知，尖叫需要用到肺部来发出声音。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们迅速爬上陡峭的驼峰，以90度的角度升入云端，仅用了几秒钟就穿过了轨道。A. minutes分钟；B. hurs小时；C. secnds秒；D. ccasins场合。根据下文“It was a thirty - secnd - lng ride.”可知，过山车仅用了几秒钟就穿过了轨道。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在驼峰的最高部分附近，我稍微冷静了一点。A. Instead相反；B. Meanwhile与此同时；C. Therefre因此；D. Hwever然而。前面提到过山车迅速上升，后面则提到在接近最高点的时候，作者稍微平静了一些。因此，需要用一个表示转折的连词来连接这两个句子。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. brke dwn出故障；B. calmed dwn平静下来；C. made up组成，编造；D. dressed up打扮。根据下文“My screams became less terrified and mre energetic.”可知，作者稍微冷静一些。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们到达驼峰的顶端时，我几乎可以触摸到天空。A. tp顶部；B. pint观点，要点；C. track轨道；D. lcatin位置。根据“I culd almst tuch the sky.”可知，作者到达了驼峰的顶端。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我们盘旋而下，以同样的速度弯曲、扭曲并冲向地面。A. swinging摇摆；B. escaping逃跑；C. shting飞驰；D. raring咆哮。根据上文“We rapidly mved up the skinny hump (驼峰) rising int the cluds at a ninety degree angle”可知，过山车下来的时候速度也是很快的，因此是飞驰而下。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我还没意识到，我们就已经着陆了。A. After在……之后；B. Thugh尽管；C. Befre在……之前；D. While当……时候。此处表示“表示在意识到之前已经到达了地面”，befre表示“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我设法完成了整个过山车旅行而没有崩溃。A. take ff起飞，脱掉；B. carry n继续；C. g thrugh经历；D. get thrugh完成，通过。根据“we had already met the grund”可知，作者完成了整个过山车旅行。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不仅活了下来，还玩得很开心。A. enjyed享受，喜欢；B. deserved值得；C. hated讨厌；D. cnfirmed证实。根据下文“My head felt light as we walked away frm the ride spinning”可知，作者在坐过山车的过程中玩得很开心。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友转向我，她的眼睛闪闪发光。A. bright明亮的；B. wet湿润的；C. clsed关闭的；D. pen打开的。根据上文“My friends shuted in excitement”可知，作者的朋友因为兴奋，眼睛闪闪发光。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们从过山车上走下来时，我感到头脑轻松，那是一种我没有立刻认出的感觉。A. gradually逐渐地；B. abslutely绝对地；C. immediately立刻；D. eventually最终。根据下文“It tk me a few minutes t put a name t it — thrill.”可知，作者没有立刻识别出坐完过山车带来的感觉。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到今天，我20年前参加的那次惊险的过山车之旅仍然在我的记忆中栩栩如生。A. rmantic浪漫的；B. thrilling惊险的，令人激动的；C. alarming令人惊恐的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据“It tk me a few minutes t put a name t it — thrill.”可知，作者20年前的那次过山车之旅是惊险的。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读短文内容,在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A tea culture saln may be the best way t experience China's tea ceremnies and culture in verseas lcatins.
“Tea fr Harmny”cultural saln in Bath, England n Friday was aimed____36____bth celebrating Internatinal Tea Day, which fell n May 21 and prmising participants an pprtunity____37____(experience) teas and culture frm Central China's Hubei prvince.The____38____(represent) grup frm the Hubei Tea Assciatin brught three types f tea t be enjyed at the saln: Enshi Yulu, Yihng Black Tea, and Qingzhuan Tea.
The histry f the teas n ffer____39____(date) back mre than 1,000 years, and the crafting techniques f Enshi Yulu and Qingzhuan Tea have becme natinal intangible cultural heritages. Each tea was presented with its____40____(appeal) tea ceremny, where a tea master intrduced its area f rigin and its distinct characteristics,____41____demnstrated the particular way the tea shuld be prepared and appreciated.“Unique”,“delicate”and“wnderful”____42____(be) wrds British participants used t describe their feelings during the tea tastings.
“Tea is such an imprtant part f British culture that we have an entire meal____43____(create) that we have entirely dedicated t ur afternn tea. It's very imprtant fr us British t be in Bath in this afternn,____44____is the best and mst elegant afternn tea destinatin,”said Dianne Francmbe, CEO f the Bristl and West f England China Bureau.
“Fine tea is mre expressive than fine wine,and that experience , the flavrs and delicacy f tea,is smething_____45_____(true) superb. I lk frward t cntinued friendship with friends frm China whenever yu visit this regin. ”
【答案】36. at 37. t erperience
38. representative
39. dates 40. appealing
41. and 42. were
43. created
44 which 45. truly
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了茶文化沙龙可能是在海外体验中国的茶道和文化的最好方式。
【36题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：周五在英国巴斯举行的“和谐茶”文化沙龙旨在庆祝5月21日的国际茶日,并向参与者承诺有机会体验中国中部湖北省的茶和文化。分析可知，此处表示“旨在”，应用动词短语aim at，故填at。
【37题详解】
考查不定式。句意同上。分析可知，修饰名词pprtunity，应用不定式作后置定语，故填t experience。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：来自湖北茶叶协会的代表团带来了三种茶,可以在沙龙上享用：恩施玉露、宜红红茶和青砖茶。修饰名词用形容词作定语，故填representative.
【39题详解】
考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：所售茶叶的历史可以追溯到1000多年前，恩施玉露和青砖茶的制作技术已成为国家非物质文化遗产。date back表示“追溯到”，在句中作谓语，讲述一般事实时态为一般现在时，主语histry，单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填dates。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：每一种茶都伴随着其吸引人的茶道，茶师介绍了其产地和独特的特点，并展示了茶应该如何准备和欣赏的特殊方式。修饰名词短语tea ceremny，应用形容词appealing，意为“吸引人的”。故填appealing。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意：句意：每一种茶都伴随着其吸引人的茶道，茶师介绍了其产地和独特的特点，并展示了茶应该如何准备和欣赏的特殊方式。intrduced和demnstrated是where引导的定语从句的谓语动词，是并列关系，故填and。
【42题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：“独特”“精致”和“美妙”是英国参与者用来描述他们在品茶过程中的感受的词语。根据前后文语境，讲述茶的历史，句子应用一般过去时,主语“Unique”,“delicate”and“wnderful”是复数，系动词be应用were，故填were。
【43题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：茶是英国文化中如此重要的一部分,以至于我们专门设计了下午茶这一整顿饭。此处使用定搭配have sth. dne，意为“让某事被做”，故填created。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：今天下午,我们英国人来到巴斯,这是最重要、最优雅的下午茶目的地。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Bath，指物，应填which，作定语从句的主语，故填which。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：好茶比好酒更有表现力,这种体验,茶的味道和美味,真是无与伦比。修饰形容词superb，应用副词，故填truly。
第四部分 写作
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，在美国某博物馆参观时，购买了一本介绍该馆所收藏文物的书籍，阅读后发现书中对一些中国文物(artifacts)的英文介绍有误。请你就此向博物馆写一封信，内容包括：
1. 投诉问题；
2. 提出建议。
注意：
1. 词数80左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Pssible Versin 1
Dear Sir r Madam,
I am Li Hua, a Chinese wh paid a visit t yur museum the ther day. I am writing t express my cmplaint abut the mistakes in yur bk intrducing the cultural relics in yur museum.
It cmes as a shck that sme bvius errrs in the intrductin f Chinese artifacts are fund in the bk. The symblic significance differs between Chinese and western dragns but there exists misinterpretatin in a Chinese painting. Wrse still, the authrs and dates marked n sme artifacts are at dds with the facts, which will definitely ruin the reputatin f yur museum. It is preferable t rganize experts t review this bk and remve the bks with incrrect intrductin.
I hpe yu can take my appeal int cnsideratin. Lking frward t yur favrable reply.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
Pssible Versin 2
Dear Sir r Madam,
My name is Li Hua, and I am writing t bring t yur attentin certain inaccuracies I discvered in a bk abut yur artifact cllectin, which I purchased during my recent visit t yur museum.
There are several incrrect descriptins cncerning Chinese artifacts in the bk. The jade teapt is actually frm the Han Dynasty, cntrary t what was stated in the bk as a mdern handicraft. Besides, the vilet silk gwn, mistakenly identified as a ryal Japanese dress, is in fact a traditinal Chinese Hanfu. T clarify these issues, I recmmend cnsulting with specialists fr a cmprehensive review. It wuld be beneficial if the publishers culd arrange a recall f the current editin fr necessary updates.
I believe these actins wuld uphld/ maintain/ preserve the authenticity/ credibility f the bk’s cntent. Yur prmpt reslutin wuld be highly appreciated.
Yurs sincerely
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生在美国某博物馆参观时，购买了一本介绍该馆所收藏文物的书籍，阅读后发现书中对一些中国文物(artifacts)的英文介绍有误。请考生根据提示就此事向博物馆写一封信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
购买：purchase→buy
关于：cncerning→regarding
传统的：traditinal→cnventinal
事实上：in fact→ as a matter f fact
2句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：T clarify these issues, I recmmend cnsulting with specialists fr a cmprehensive review.
拓展句：T clarify these issues, I recmmend that yu shuld cnsult with specialists fr a cmprehensive review.
【点睛】[高分句型1] My name is Li Hua, and I am writing t bring t yur attentin certain inaccuracies I discvered in a bk abut yur artifact cllectin, which I purchased during my recent visit t yur museum. (运用省略了引导词that/which定语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] The jade teapt is actually frm the Han Dynasty, cntrary t what was stated in the bk as a mdern handicraft. (运用了what引导的宾语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
It was a cld, snwy evening. Tmmy was running as fast as he culd, fcused n nthing but his destinatin----the shp n the street crner. Tw weeks ag he saw figurines(小塑像) f Marvel superheres n the shelves and felt he had t have ne. He’s been walking the neighbr’s dg ever since then t earn mney t fulfil his little dream. He was s excited and barely nticing the wrld arund him. Maybe that’s why he tripped ver the legs f a hmeless wman, wh was sitting n the pavement, her back against the wall. He murmured(低语) "srry" and mved n t his destinatin.
Once he entered the shp, he went straight t the shelves with figurines. Hulk, Thr, Captain America, Irn Man, and many mre----all f his admired heres. With his heart punding like crazy he reached fr Spiderman.
“Yu like these, true believer?”
Tmmy turned arund. An ld man was standing behind him with a wide smile n his face.
“Y-yes, …Yes, they’re awesme!” answered Tmmy. “They’re strng and fast and help ther peple a lt ...”the by lked at figurines in admiratin. “I wish I culd be a superher t.”
“Then becme ne!” said the ld man.
“Hw?” Tmmy asked in surprise. “I dn’t have any superpwers.”
“And why wuld yu need them?” the ld man smiled. Seeing the cnfusin n the by's face, he squatted(蹲下) and put his hands n Tmmy's arms. “Did yu knw that shpkeeper lady ver there has a disabled husband? She’s been wrking hard and taking care f him fr years. I’ve never heard a wrd f cmplaint frm her. And this persn ---” he pinted at a redhead man, wh just entered the shp. “He’s a firefighter; he’s saved cuntless lives. He never gives up, n matter hw dangerus the situatin seems t be.”
The ld man lked Tmmy in the eyes and smiled. “Yu dn’t need a superpwer t be a her fr smene else. The path f a superher starts nt in the mind, nt in the muscles, but in the heart.”
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Tmmy lwered his head and lked at his shes thinking intensely.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The hmeless wman was right there, where he saw her last time.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
Tmmy lwered his head and lked at his shes thinking intensely. Finally he raised his head. "S I am suppsed t...” he stpped mid-sentence when he realized that he was alne. He turned his head left and right, but the ld man was nwhere t be seen. His eyes lit up---- he already had an idea f what he shuld d. He lked at figurines fr the last time and mved twards the cunter. "Tw sandwiches and a cup f tea please, "he said, and then returned, fd in hand.
The hmeless wman was right there, where he saw her last time. Tmmy came clser and carefully gave the wman his buys. Her eyes pened wide in surprise, then filled with tears. “Thank yu," she whispered. Tmmy bwed his head, turned arund and went back hme. He was mving faster and faster and finally he started t run. Strange energy filling his bdy made him feel like he culd fly. When he finally stpped, he was breathing heavily, but he didn’t feel tired. He smiled happily --- it was a wnderful feeling. And nthing culd stp it.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了汤米想成为超级英雄，在一个老人的开导下他学会了用自己的行动去帮助他人的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“汤米低下头，看着自己的鞋子，冥思苦想。”可知，第一段可描写汤米懂得了真正超级英雄的含义。
②由第二段首句内容“那个无家可归的女人就在那里，他最后一次见到她的地方。”可知，第二段可描写汤米帮助了那个女人。
2.续写线索：领悟——帮助——感谢——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.开始：start/begin/cmmence
②.充满：be filled with/be full f
情绪类
①.感谢：Thank fr/shw ne’s appreciatin/shw ne’s gratitude/be grateful
②.积极：psitive attitude/act psitively
【点睛】[高分句型1]. His eyes lit up---- he already had an idea f what he shuld d.这句话运用了what引导的宾语从句。
[高分句型2] Strange energy filling his bdy made him feel like he culd fly.这句话运用了现在分词作定语。
听力答案：1-5 CABCB 6-10 ABCAB 11-15 CCBAA 16-20 BCBBA
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