2025高考英语大一轮复习讲义人教版语法专题介词课件PPT

这是一份2025高考英语大一轮复习讲义人教版语法专题介词课件PPT，共58页。PPT课件主要包含了批评某人做某事，原谅某人做某事，with，for，考点分层演练，单句语法填空，the，his，them，myself等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1.表示方位的介词We walked acrss① the beach，thrugh② the wds and finally came t③ the huse which was under④the big tree marked in⑤ the map.After stepping int⑥ the huse，we fund a small black table，ver⑦ which was a lamp.Then we lked arund⑧，nly t find nthing.My friend fund smething special—an empty bx.Beneath⑨ it was a nte saying，“Stand beside⑩ the windw and lk ut f⑪ it.” Frm⑫ the windw we saw anther huse beynd⑬ a small hill.
①acrss指从较为平坦的表面穿过。②thrugh指从立体的事物中间穿过。③t指“到某处，去某处”。④under在……下面，无接触面。⑤in在……里面。⑥int到……里面。⑦ver在……正上方(无接触面)；n在……上面(有接触面)。⑧arund在/向……周围。⑨beneath在……下面(有接触面)。⑩beside在……旁边。⑪ut f向/在……外面。⑫frm从……。⑬beynd 在/向……较远的一边，超出。
2.表示时间的介词It happened n① a Saturday mrning in② Nvember,2021.My parents left hme at③ 6：00 am t meet my uncle at the airprt and tld me they wuld cme back in② tw hurs.Hwever，it wasn’t lng befre④ smene kncked at the dr，and I lked thrugh the peephle and saw a stranger.I quickly lcked the dr frm the inside，and didn’t pen it until⑤ my parents came back.During⑥ the tw hurs，the stranger always tried t tell me smething but I wuldn’t listen t him.On seeing my parents，the stranger said，“I have been waiting ut f the dr fr⑦ tw hurs since 6：10 am.” Why had my uncle changed s much ver⑧ the years?
①n指在具体的某一天。②in用在年/月/季节/世纪等大时间之前，或者指上/下午或晚上；也可用在表示一段时间的词之前，表示“多久之后”。③at用在几点钟或night/nn之前。④befre在……之前。⑤until直到……时候。⑥during在……期间。⑦fr表示延续一段时间。⑧ver表示“在……期间”，表延续。
3.表示原因的介词Jhn was punished fr① cheating in the exam.His father was angry at/ver② it and he trembled with③ anger because f④ Jhn’s bad behaviur.
①fr表示原因，后面可以跟名词(词组)或动名词。②at/ver用在表示情绪的形容词之后，后面跟代词或名词(词组)。③with用在表示情绪的名词之前。④because f/wing t/due t/thanks t之后不跟陈述句，跟名词(短语)/名词性从句。
4.其他重要介词Between① the tw pinins，I am fr② the first ne but against③ the secnd ne.By④ wearing schl unifrms，students can be treated equally by④ thers despite⑤ the different ecnmic backgrunds amng⑥ them.Besides⑦，the price is within⑧ students’ reach.Mst students except⑨ a minrity f them say schl unifrms are gd except fr⑩ the fact that they are nt fashinable.
①between表示“两者之间”。②fr表示“支持”。③against表示“反对”。④by表示“借助/通过……”，也可以表示“被……”。⑤despite表示“尽管”，等于in spite f。⑥amng表示在三者或三者以上中。⑦besides表示“除此之外(还)”。⑧within表示“在……范围之内”。⑨except表示同类事物除外。⑩except fr表示与整体陈述相对的细节修补。
一、介词的省略1.当表示时间的词前有this，that，next，last，every，each，sme，any，all等时，介词常省略。We watched an exciting ftball match last week.上周我们观看了一场激动人心的足球赛。Cme any day yu like.你想哪天来就哪天来。2.表示时间的名词前有不定冠词，且不定冠词作“每一……”讲时，其前不用介词。An apple a day keeps the dctr away.每天一个苹果，医生远离我。
3.习惯搭配中介词的省略。一些常和动词、名词或形容词搭配使用的介词常可省略，常见的此类搭配有spend sme time (in) ding sth，waste sme time (in) ding sth，have difficulty/truble (in) ding sth，be busy (in) ding sth，stp/prevent sb (frm) ding sth等。Frank insisted that he was nt asleep althugh I had great difficulty (in) waking him up.弗兰克坚持说自己没有睡觉，虽然我叫醒他费了好大劲。
二、介词不可省略的问题1.在被动语态中，动词短语中的介词不能省略。The children have been taken gd care f in the kindergarten.这些孩子在幼儿园里得到了很好的照顾。2.当非谓语动词表示被动意义时，相关介词也不可省略。The prblem is well wrth paying attentin t.这个问题很值得关注。3.在定语从句中，当从句的谓语和先行词构成动宾关系且从句谓语为不及物动词时，必须加上介词。The library which we ften g t is nt far away frm ur schl.我们常去的那个图书馆距离我们学校不远。
三、介词短语1.介词与名词构成的搭配：(1)at＋名词at a lss不知所措at the cst f以……的代价at peace处于和平状态at the risk f冒……的危险at war处于战争状态at the mercy f在……支配下；由……摆布at the same time同时
(2)n＋名词n exhibitin/shw/display在展出n accunt f因为n fire着火n average平均；一般地n sale出售；打折n behalf f代表n n accunt/cnditin决不n the decrease/increase在减少/在增加n hliday/vacatin在度假
(3)by＋名词by accident/chance偶然地by hand手工by mistake错误地by the day按天算by cincidence碰巧by nature天生地
(4)in＋名词in cash用现金付款in charge f掌管in depth在深度上in return作为回报in detail详细地in danger (f) 在危险中，垂危in height在高度上in spite f尽管
in length在长度上in exchange fr作为交换in favr f支持，赞成in n time立刻in case f万一；如果；假使in n way决不in supprt f为支持……in place f代替
in hnur f为向……表示敬意in pssessin f拥有，占有in memry f为了纪念……in additin t另外
(5)f＋名词f benefit有益处的f significance有意义的f help有帮助的f use有用的f imprtance重要的f value有价值的
(6)ut f＋名词ut f balance失去平衡ut f rder发生故障ut f breath上气不接下气ut f sight看不见ut f cntrl失去控制ut f the questin不可能ut f date过期ut f wrk失业ut f tuch失去联系
(7)under＋名词under attack遭到袭击under treatment在治疗中under pressure在压力下under cntrl处于控制之中under repair在修理中under discussin在讨论中
(8)with＋名词with delight/jy高兴地with fear害怕地with difficulty困难地with pleasure乐意地with ease轻而易举地(9)beynd＋名词beynd cmpare无与伦比beynd descriptin难以描述beynd reach够不到beynd expressin/wrds难以表达
2.形容词与介词构成的搭配：(1)be＋adj.＋abutbe anxius abut为……忧虑be curius abut对……好奇be particular abut对……讲究/挑剔be wrried/cncerned abut对……担心(2)be＋adj.＋atbe angry at因/对……生气be gd at擅长be astnished at对……吃惊be present at出席
(3)be＋adj.＋inbe absrbed in专注于……be active in积极于……be dressed in穿着……be engaged in忙于……be rich in富含……be ccupied in忙于……
(4)be＋adj.＋frbe eager fr渴望……be famus fr因……著名be fit fr适合，胜任……be ready fr准备好……be srry fr对……感到抱歉be prepared fr为……做好准备
(5)be＋adj.＋frmbe absent frm缺席be different frm不同于be far frm远离be free frm不受……影响
(6)be＋adj.＋tbe clse t接近……be devted t致力于……be equal t等于……；胜任……be familiar t对……熟悉be friendly t对……友好be harmful t对……有害be kind t对……友好be similar t与……相似be grateful t对……心存感激
(7)be＋adj.＋fbe aware f意识到……be fnd f喜欢……be prud f因……而自豪be shrt f缺乏……be critical f对……挑剔
(8)be＋adj.＋withbe busy with忙于……be familiar with对……熟悉be cmbined with与……结合be patient with对……有耐心be ppular with受……欢迎be pleased with对……感到满意be angry with (sb)对(某人)生气
3.介词与其他词构成的搭配：but fr要不是instead f代替regardless f不管，不顾apart frm除……之外up t直到；由……决定accrding t根据alng with随着tgether with连同by means f用……办法；借助……wing t因为
四、动词与介词构成的搭配1.“动词＋sb＋f＋sth”结构accuse sb f sth指责/控告某人某事cure sb f sth治好某人的某种疾病rid sb f sth使某人摆脱某物cheat sb f sth骗走某人某物remind sb f sth使某人想起某事infrm sb f sth通知某人某事rb sb f sth抢劫某人某物warn sb f sth警告某人某事
cnvince sb f sth使某人确信某事suspect sb f sth怀疑某人某事
2.“动词＋sb＋fr＋ding sth”结构blame sb fr ding sth指责某人做某事
scld sb fr ding sthcriticize sb fr ding sth
frgive sb fr ding sthexcuse sb fr ding sthpardn sb fr ding sth
punish sb fr ding sth因做某事而惩罚某人thank sb fr ding sth感谢某人做某事
3.“动词＋sb/sth＋frm＋(ding) sth”结构prevent/stp/keep sb/sth frm ding sth阻止某人/物做某事 prtect/preserve/defend/shelter sb/sth frm being dne保护某人/物免于被……ban/prhibit sb/sth frm ding sth禁止某人/物做某事
4.其他常考的动词与介词的搭配accunt fr 占……(比例)；解释……(原因)act as 充当；起作用break away frm 脱离；逃离bring abut 引起；导致；造成call fr (去)接；需要；(公开)要求carry ut 履行；实施；执行carry thrugh 帮助……渡过难关；成功完成；顺利实现cme acrss (偶然)遇见，碰见；发现cme t an end 终止，结束
cme up with 提出d harm t 对……有害d withut 没有……也行；没有……而设法对付过去end up with 以……结束get acrss 被传达；被理解；把……讲清楚get arund 传播；流传；各处走动get dwn t 开始做某事；开始认真注意(或对待)某事get ver 解决；克服；控制get rid f 除去，去掉；免除，摆脱get thrugh 正式通过；(用电话)接通，联系上；顺利通过(考试等)
give rise t使发生give way t屈服；退让；让步g against违反；与……不符g in fr参加考试(或竞赛)；对某事物有兴趣，爱好g thrugh经历keep in tuch with与……保持联系lk dwn n/upn轻视；瞧不起lk int调查；审查make the best f充分利用；尽力而为be made up f由……组成
put up with忍受，容忍see thrugh看穿；识破see t照料；处理set abut着手做shw arund/rund领(某人)参观shw ff炫耀；展示take in吸入；理解，领会take n承担；呈现，具有wrk ut计算出；制定出
1.She patted him the head and said，“My little by，d yu feel mre cmfrtable nw than befre？”2.If yu culd exchange lives smene fr a shrt time，wuld yu like t d that? 3.As a result，he spends his life in a wheelchair and cannt write ____ means f a pen r wildlife tday disappears r is danger just because humans d harm t it.
5.Many times we dn’t realize hw rutine ur lives have becme and hw much we take them granted until we find urselves in a new teacher paused purpse t remind the students t stp talking.
1.The study fund that between 1985 and 2017，average rural BMI increased 2.1 in wmen and men.(2021·浙江1月)2.She warns f the envirnmental dangers facing sciety，and she teaches that peple must take respnsibility saving their envirnment.(2023·全国甲)3.Sme time after 10000 BC，peple made the first real attempt t cntrl the wrld they lived ，thrugh agriculture.(2020·浙江7月)
1.—We had a really damp September this year.—I can’t remember autumn when it rained s she quickly realized that it was prbably because f the fact that she sat in last “fur new great inventins”，nline shpping was invented and pineered by Michael Aldrich in the 1979.4.“As sn as he pens (he) muth and sings in Chinese，the Chinese are very surprised and they feel prud f him，” said his music teacher.
5.But it’s difficult fr me t decide what activities we shuld rganize and hw t plan (they).6.I suddenly realized I had grwn up and that I had t lk after ______(I) and live they grw lder than three years ld， is easier fr girls t catch clds than wmen，fr example，shuld limit (they) intake f cffee.
9.This yung man likes travelling—he is always the means that we cannt use sme mdern husehld items，_____ washing machines because they use t much water.
1.In cntrast t the curt life and upper-class culture represented by the Frbidden City，the Summer Palace，and the Temple f Heaven，the hutngs reflect culture f grassrts Beijingers.(2023·浙江1月)2.Thanks t Beijing’s lng histry capital f China，almst every hutng has its stries.(2023·浙江1月)3.Frm Buddhist temples t museums，narrw hutng ryal palaces，it is hme t mre than 3,000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut.(2023·全国乙)
4.There，yu’ll find them prepared differently—mre dumpling and less sup，and the wrappers are pressed hand rather than rlled.(2023·新课标Ⅰ)5.The meat shuld be fresh with tuch f sweetness，and the surrunding sup ht，clear and delicius.(2023·新课标Ⅰ)6.The tactile(可触知的) paintings wrk as a way t reveal art t blind because we dn’t see with just ur eyes：We see with ur brains.(2022·浙江6月)
7.May 21st this year marks the first Internatinal Tea Day，which was named fficially the United Natins n Nvember 27th,2019.(2022·全国乙)8.The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was fficially unveiled(揭幕) at the ceremny，pening (it) first exhibitin：The Avenue f Truth—A Special Exhibitin f Pu’er Tea.(2022·全国乙)
9.Cvering an area abut three times size f Yellwstne Natinal Park，the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.(2022·新课标Ⅰ)10.Althugh Mary lved flwers， she nr her husband was knwn as a gardener.(2021·浙江6月)
(2022·浙江1月改编)Kim Cbb,1. prfessr at the Gergia Institute f Technlgy in Atlanta，is ne f a small but grwing minrity f academics wh are cutting back n 2. (they) air travel because 3. climate change.Travelling t cnferences，lectures，wrkshps，and the like—frequently by plane—is viewed as imprtant 4. scientists t get tgether and exchange infrmatin.
But Cbb and thers are nw questining that idea—pushing cnferences t prvide mre chances t participate remtely and changing their persnal behavir t d their part in dealing 5. the climate change crisis.On 6. website called N Fly Climate Sci，fr example，rughly 200 academics—many f 7. (they) climate scientists—have prmised t fly as little as pssible since the effrt started tw years ag.
Cbb，fr her part，started t ask cnference rganizers wh invited 8. (she) t speak whether she culd d s remtely；abut three-quarters f 9. time，they agreed.When the answer was n，she declined the invitatin.That apprach brught Cbb’s air travel last year dwn 10. 75%，and she plans t cntinue the practice.“It has been fairly rewarding，” she says—“a really psitive change.”
1.在抽象名词具体化时，使用不定冠词使文章更加生动简洁
运用　(2021·新课标Ⅰ)因为被内容所吸引，阅读Yuth成为我每天必须做的一件事。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
典例　(2020·全国Ⅱ)我们一边摘苹果，一边吃苹果。真是一件乐事啊！We picked apples while having a gd taste f them.What a pleasure!
Because I am attracted by the cntents，reading Yuth becmes a must fr me every day.
2.使用it作形式主语可以丰富文章句式
运用　(2023·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ)得知我获得了一等奖，三天后将举行颁奖典礼，我感到很兴奋。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
典例　(2022·全国乙)学生自身迫切需要提高自律，家长和老师也迫切需要加强指导。It’s urgent fr students themselves t imprve their self-discipline，and it’s als urgent fr parents and teachers t strengthen the guidance.
It was exciting t learn that I had gained first prize and an award ceremny wuld be held in three days.
3.使用it 作形式宾语可以使句子亮点更多
运用　(2021·全国乙)虽然在线学习让人们获得知识更容易了，但对于缺乏自律的人来说，在线学习也是一个挑战。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
典例　(2022·浙江1月)我认为说服他接受我的观点是不可能的，所以我不想浪费我们的时间来讨论。I thught it impssible t persuade him int accepting my views，s I didn’t want t waste ur time discussing.
Althugh nline learning makes it easier fr peple t gain knwledge，being nline is als a challenge fr peple wh lack self-discipline.