山东省临沂市河东区2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份山东省临沂市河东区2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题（Word版附解析），文件包含山东省临沂市河东区2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题Word版含解析docx、山东省临沂市河东区2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题Word版无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共34页， 欢迎下载使用。
（试卷满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Hw will the man g hme?
A. By bike. B. By subway. C. By bus.
2. What happened t the wman's sn?
A. He hurt his arm. B. He had a headache. C. He gt pains in his fingers.
3. What will the man d tnight?
A. D his hmewrk. B. Watch TV. C. Play ftball.
4. What is Mary's phne number?
A. 97756431. B. 86727151. C. 86727115.
5. What is the man lking fr?
A. A cmputer. B. A cup f tea. C. A bk.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5 分，满分22. 5分）
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What will the wman d fr Albert's birthday?
A. Decrate his rm. B. Organize a party. C. Prepare a big dinner.
7. What des the wman ask the man t bring?
A. Juice. B. A cake. C. Fruit.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. An interview. B. An English class. C. A piece f hmewrk.
9. What did Mr. Gray talk a lt abut?
A. The methds f learning English. B. The culture f sme cuntries. C. The rules in the classrm.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. What has the man decided t d fr his hliday?
A. G climbing. B. G hiking. C. G camping.
11. Hw lng will the man be away?
A. Seven days. B. Six days. C. Five days.
12. What is the wman's pinin abut hiking and climbing?
A. Fun. B. Tiring. C. Relaxing.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. At hme. B. At schl. C. At a restaurant.
14. Wh des the girl usually talk t when she is upset?
A. Her friends. B. Her parents. C. Her teachers.
15. Where wuld the girl talk with her friend?
A. In a shpping centre. B. In a classrm. C. In a cafe.
16. What des the man suggest the girl d?
A. Study hard.
B. Shp with her friends.
C. Get in tuch with her friends ften.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. Why is the speaker usually hungry by lunchtime?
A. She desn't eat biscuits at wrk. B. She nly has a drink fr breakfast. C. She wrks very hard.
18. When des the speaker end her lunch break?
A. At abut 1: 15. B. At abut 2: 00. C. At abut 2: 15.
19. What des the speaker drink fr lunch?
A. Tea. B. Cffee. C. Water.
20. What des the speaker think f her life?
A. Stressful. B. Enjyable. C. Unhealthy.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Save yur annual leave and explre beautiful twns and places with day trips less than tw hurs frm Lndn, ffering a change f scenery, delicius fd and a gd walk. Yu can head int wrk the next day feeling refreshed.
Margate
The ld will remember Margate as a smewhat mcked hliday lcatin, a vintage (复古的) style amusement park with rides. Hwever, the yung are nw mving here in drves as they take advantage f the excellent transprt links and the wrking pprtunities. Anther draw is the Turner Cntemprary art gallery pened in 2011 t celebrate artist JMW Turner, and his cnnectin t Margate. The gallery is free t enter and has spectacular views.
The New Frest
At ver 200 square miles, the New Frest is a prtected natinal park dtted with small twns. There are many trails t walk r cycle, which are wrth planning in advance. is a useful resurce as it has walking and cycle rutes split int family, dg-friendly and thse that take in pubs r villages.
Brightn
There is smething fr everyne in Brightn: traditinal fish and chips, vegan and restaurants, the Ryal Pavil in and shps — bth vintage and cntemprary — selling clthing, jewellery, chclate and recrds. Any f the small cffee shps wuld be a great first stp befre heading t the very pink Bks fr Amnesty shp.
The Ctswlds
With the instantly recgnisable pale-yellw stne cttages and seemingly unending supply f pubs, the twns and villages that cmprise the Ctswlds are well wrth a visit. Spend the mrning walking arund Chipping Nrtn, a market twn with shps and theatres. Be sure t pp-in t Jaffé and Neale, the bkshp and cafe that has been pen since 2006.
1. What attracts the yunger generatin in Margate?
A. Its amusement park.B. The prtected natinal park.
C. The Turner Cntemprary art gallery.D. Its cnvenient transprtatin and wrking chances.
2. Where shuld yu g if yu want t walk with yur dg?
A. Brightn.B. The New Frest.C. Margate.D. The Ctswlds.
3. What d Brightn and The Ctswlds have in cmmn?
A. Life style.B. Traditinal fd.C. Cffee huses.D. Ancient cttages.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个旅游目的地，从伦敦出发不到两小时的一日游，探索美丽的城镇和地方，提供改变风景，美味的食物和良好的散步。第二天可以精神抖擞地去上班。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Margate部分的“Hwever, the yung are nw mving here in drves as they take advantage f the excellent transprt links and the wrking pprtunities.(然而，年轻人现在正成群结队地搬到这里，因为他们利用了这里良好的交通联系和工作机会)”可知，Margate吸引年轻人的地方是便利的交通和工作机会。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The New Frest部分的“ is a useful resurce as it has walking and cycle rutes split int family, dg-friendly and thse that take in pubs r villages.(是一个有用的资源，因为它有步行和自行车路线分为家庭路线、狗友好路线和酒吧或村庄路线)”可知，如果你想遛狗，你应该去The New Frest。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Brightn部分“Any f the small cffee shps wuld be a great first stp befre heading t the very pink Bks fr Amnesty shp.(在前往非常粉红色的大赦书籍商店之前，任何一家小咖啡馆都是不错的第一站)”和The Ctswlds部分的“Be sure t pp-in t Jaffé and Neale, the bkshp and cafe that has been pen since 2006.(一定要去Jaffeve and Neale逛逛，这家书店兼咖啡馆从2006年就开始营业了)”可知，这两个地方都有咖啡屋。故选C。
B
In a small tea shp lcated in Bisalpur, Uttar Pradesh, ne can spt unique furniture like stls (凳子) and tables made f bricks and recycled plastic. Other than custmers, turists wh cme t visit the nearby Jawai Dam ften stp by here t hand plastic waste ver t the shpkeeper. Run by Kana Ram Mewada, the shp nt nly sells tea and snacks, but als leads a campaign t reduce the use f single-use plastic in the village.
Accrding t a reprt f the Central Pllutin Cntrl Bard (CPCB) in 2019—2020, 3. 5millin metric tns (公吨) f plastic waste is annually generated in India, and will remain in landfills (垃圾填埋场) fr the upcming hundreds f years.
Kana was deeply disturbed after reading that reprt n the Internet and began thinking abut ways t raise the villagers’ awareness and make his village free f plastic.
He started a campaign by cllecting plastic waste frm his wn shp and radside. Whenever custmers came, he explained the campaign. In rder t attract mre peple, he started giving smething in return fr the waste they brught. Smetimes, he purchased a few things made f recycled waste t shw the villagers and tld them they were created frm their plastic waste cntributin. He als made decrative items ut f the waste and placed them arund the shp.
As a result, peple frm the village became curius abut his campaign. Even turists began participating in the exchange. And tday, the frest, rivers and public spaces that were nce filled with plastic waste are cleaner than befre.
He hpes that he can als help the neighbring villages recycle plastic waste and make the whle area plastic-free. “When an rdinary persn like me decided t start a cause, it was inspiring that a whle village std by me and supprted me. We can all becme trchbearers (启蒙者) fr a better tmrrw. What we have t d is take a step frward,” he said.
4. What led Kana t start the campaign?
A. An nline reprt.B. Turists’ behavir.
C. Custmers’ advice.D. His visit t landfills.
5. Why did Kana place plastic decratins arund his shp?
A. T get mre peple t jin his campaign.B. T teach shppers hw t make them.
C. T make his shp much mre beautiful.D. T advertise the gds in his shp.
6. Which f the fllwing can best describe Kana?
A. Cnsiderate and prud.B. Ambitius and generus.
C. Respnsible and creative.D. Determined and humrus.
7. What is the text mainly abut?
A. A shpkeeper’s path t success.B. A histric turist spt in Bisalpur.
C. A unique way f turning waste int art.D. A shpkeeper’s campaign fr plastic recycling.
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要说明了店主Kana Ram Mewada在看了网上的报告后，决定发起收集塑料垃圾，让村庄远离塑料的活动。他把塑料做成一些独特的家具，吸引了很多人参与。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Kana was deeply disturbed after reading that reprt n the Internet and began thinking abut ways t raise the villagers’ awareness and make his village free f plastic. (卡纳在网上读到这篇报道后深感不安，他开始思考如何提高村民的意识，让他的村庄远离塑料。)”可知，网上报告让卡纳发起了这场运动。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“He started a campaign by cllecting plastic waste frm his wn shp and radside. Whenever custmers came, he explained the campaign. In rder t attract mre peple, he started giving smething in return fr the waste they brught. (他从自己的商店和路边收集塑料垃圾，发起了一项运动。每当顾客来了，他就向他们解释这次活动。为了吸引更多的人，他开始为他们带来的垃圾提供一些回报。)”可知，卡纳在他的商店周围放置塑料装饰是为了让更多的人加入他的运动。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Kana was deeply disturbed after reading that reprt n the Internet and began thinking abut ways t raise the villagers’ awareness and make his village free f plastic. (卡纳在网上读到这篇报道后深感不安，他开始思考如何提高村民的意识，让他的村庄远离塑料。)”以及第一段“In a small tea shp lcated in Bisalpur, Uttar Pradesh, ne can spt unique furniture like stls (凳子) and tables made f bricks and recycled plastic. (在北方邦比萨尔普尔的一家小茶店里，你可以看到一些独特的家具，比如用砖和回收塑料制成的凳子和桌子。)”可推知，卡纳有责任心和创造性。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“In a small tea shp lcated in Bisalpur, Uttar Pradesh, ne can spt unique furniture like stls (凳子) and tables made f bricks and recycled plastic. Other than custmers, turists wh cme t visit the nearby Jawai Dam ften stp by here t hand plastic waste ver t the shpkeeper. Run by Kana Ram Mewada, the shp nt nly sells tea and snacks, but als leads a campaign t reduce the use f single-use plastic in the village. (在北方邦比萨尔普尔的一家小茶店里，你可以看到一些独特的家具，比如用砖和回收塑料制成的凳子和桌子。除了顾客之外，来附近贾瓦伊大坝参观的游客也经常路过这里，把塑料垃圾交给店主。这家店由Kana Ram Mewada经营，不仅出售茶叶和零食，还领导了一场减少村里一次性塑料使用的运动。)”结合文章主要说明了店主Kana Ram Mewada在看了网上的报告后，决定发起收集塑料垃圾，让村庄远离塑料的活动。他把塑料做成一些独特的家具，吸引了很多人参与。可知，这篇文章的主要内容是一个店主的塑料回收运动。故选D。
C
Despite the fact that burgers, chips and fries are knwn as sme f the mst unhealthy fd we can eat, they are still the mst ppular fd.
There are a few reasns behind that. First, junk fd is generally easy t get and take with yu. This cnvenience is a majr draw fr many, especially peple wh are always n the g. Restaurants like McDnald’s and KFC can be fund utside many schls and wrkplaces, prviding meals in under a minute.
Secndly, junk fd cntains a lt f added sugar and fat. This kind f fd causes ur brain t send ut certain chemicals, which prduce the feeling f relaxatin, pleasure and enjyment. That’s why such fd is called “cmfrt fd”.
Thirdly, ur ancestrs didn’t have such easy access t the huge variety f fd we cme acrss every day. They didn’t have the cnvenience f having fd as easily as we d. S they made it a habit t eat as much as they culd t survive and prtect themselves frm the hard natural cnditins. The cave mentality (心理) is passed dwn t us, which makes us believe that we can never have enugh fd that is high in sugar and fat, n matter hw crazily we eat.
Besides, when we are t wrried and tired t relax, ur bdy prduces crtisl (皮质醇), which increases the sugar cntent in the bld, s it can be used as energy t aid in fat and carbhydrate metablism (碳水化合物代谢). Additinally, it is als fund t increase hunger. That’s the reasn why when we’re thinking abut unpleasant things, we prefer fds that are high in sugar, fat and carbhydrate, that is t say unhealthy fd.
8. Why are McDnald’s and KFC mentined?
A. T shw they take up the best site.B. T shw they prvide gd service.
C. T shw they are famus fr their taste.D. T shw they make junk fd easy t get.
9. What des the authr want t tell us in Paragraph 4?
A. We need all kinds f fd.B. Our ancestrs lived a hard life.
C. We are brn t eat mre than we need.D. It is difficult fr us t change ur habits.
10. What is a cause f the increase f sugar cntent in ur bdy?
A. T much stress.B. A wish fr fd.
C. A fast metablic rate.D. Nt having enugh energy.
11. What is the text mainly abut?
A Hw harmful junk fd is.B. Why fast fd is s delicius.
C. Hw we can develp a healthy lifestyle.D. Why we lve unhealthy fd s much.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了垃圾食品不健康但是仍然很受欢迎的几个原因。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“First, junk fd is generally easy t get and take with yu. This cnvenience is a majr draw fr many, especially peple wh are always n the g. Restaurants like McDnald’s and KFC can be fund utside many schls and wrkplaces, prviding meals in under a minute. (首先，垃圾食品通常很容易买到并随身携带。这种便利是吸引许多人的主要原因，尤其是那些总是在路上的人。像麦当劳和肯德基这样的餐厅可以在许多学校和工作场所外找到，在一分钟内提供饭菜。)”可推知，提到麦当劳和肯德基是为了表明他们使垃圾食品很容易得到。故选D。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Thirdly, ur ancestrs didn’t have such easy access t the huge variety f fd we cme acrss every day. They didn’t have the cnvenience f having fd as easily as we d. S they made it a habit t eat as much as they culd t survive and prtect themselves frm the hard natural cnditins. The cave mentality (心理) is passed dwn t us, which makes us believe that we can never have enugh fd that is high in sugar and fat, n matter hw crazily we eat. (第三，我们的祖先没有这么容易获得我们每天遇到的各种各样的食物。他们不像我们这样容易得到食物。因此，他们养成了尽可能多吃的习惯，以生存并保护自己免受恶劣的自然条件的影响。洞穴心态传给了我们，这让我们相信，无论我们吃得多么疯狂，我们都永远不会有足够的高糖和高脂肪的食物。)”可知，第四段告诉我们，我们生来就吃得比我们需要的多。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Besides, when we are t wrried and tired t relax, ur bdy prduces crtisl (皮质醇), which increases the sugar cntent in the bld, s it can be used as energy t aid in fat and carbhydrate metablism (碳水化合物代谢). Additinally, it is als fund t increase hunger. (此外，当我们过于担心和疲劳而无法放松时，我们的身体会产生皮质醇，这会增加血液中的糖含量，因此它可以作为能量来帮助脂肪和碳水化合物的代谢。此外，它还会增加饥饿感。)”可知，压力太大导致我们体内的糖含量增加。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Despite the fact that burgers, chips and fries are knwn as sme f the mst unhealthy fd we can eat, they are still the mst ppular fd. (尽管汉堡、薯条和薯条被认为是最不健康的食物，但它们仍然是最受欢迎的食物。)”结合文章主要分析了垃圾食品不健康但是仍然很受欢迎的几个原因。可知，这篇文章的主要内容是为什么我们这么喜欢不健康的食物。故选D。
D
One f the things that make humans mammals (哺乳动物) is that we’re warm-blded — ur bdies have high metablism (新陈代谢) that maintains ur internal temperature independent f the surrundings, unlike cld-blded animals that have t lie in the sun fr heat. Amng mdern animals, nly mammals and birds are warm-blded and ur ability t keep urselves warm has enabled us t survive in icy weather and make lng migratins. But it’s been a mystery exactly when mammals evlved their high metablism. In a new study, scientists pint t an unlikely surce fr determining when ancient mammal ancestrs became warm-blded.
The ears f all living creatures that have backbnes cntain tiny canals (管道) filled with fluid that helps us balance. The runniness (流动性) f that fluid changes based n temperature, and ur inner ears have evlved different sizes s that the fluid can flw crrectly. Cld-blded animals’ ear fluid is cler and thicker, s it needs wider spaces t travel thrugh, while warm-blded animals have runnier ear fluid, s ur canals are different.
“Canals were generally used t predict the mvement f fssil rganisms. Hwever, by carefully lking at their bimechanics (生物力学) , we figured that we culd als use them t infer bdy temperature,” says Rmain David, ne f the study’s lead authrs. “This is because, like hney, the fluid inside canals gets runnier when temperature increases, impacting functin. Therefre, during the transitin t endthermy (温血性) , physical adaptatin was required t keep best perfrmances, and we culd track ear canals in mammal ancestrs. ”
T track these evlutinary changes, the researchers cmpared the sizes f the inner ear canals f ver 300 animals, including 243 living species and 64 extinct nes. They fund that mammal ancestrs didn’t develp the kinds f inner ear structures ideal fr warm-blded animals until 233 millin years ag.
The rigin f mammalian endthermy is ne f the great mysteries t be slved. Many different appraches have been used t try t predict when it first evlved, but they have ften given unclear r cnflicting results. This methd shws real prmise because it has been cnfirmed using a very large number f mdern species.
12. Which f the fllwing might be the key t mammals’ lng migratins?
A. The large bdy size.B. The rich fd resurces.
C. The warm-bldedness.D. The adaptability t surrundings.
13. What can we learn abut warm-blded animals cmpared t cld-blded nes?
A. They have much bigger backbnes.
B. Their inner ear canals are relatively narrw.
C. They are much mre sensitive t utside sunds.
D. Their ear fluid seldm changes with temperature.
14. What d Rmain David’s wrds in paragraph 3 mainly tell us?
A. Theries n the evlutin f mammal ancestrs.
B. The reasn fr studying the inner ears f mammals.
C. The imprtance f physical adaptatin t mammals.
D. Pssible ways t predict the mvement f fssil rganisms.
15. What’s the authr’s attitude t the new methd f tracking evlutinary changes?
A. Appreciative.B. Dubtful.C. Negative.D. Uncncerned.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，研究发现，通过研究动物的内耳可以研究哺乳动物为什么是恒温动物。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Amng mdern animals, nly mammals and birds are warm-blded and ur ability t keep urselves warm has enabled us t survive in icy weather and make lng migratins. (在现代动物中，只有哺乳动物和鸟类是恒温动物，我们保持体温的能力使我们能够在寒冷的天气中生存，并进行长途迁徙。)”可知，哺乳动物能进行长途迁徙的关键是因为是恒温动物。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The ears f all living creatures that have backbnes cntain tiny canals filled with fluid that helps us balance. The runniness f that fluid changes based n temperature, and ur inner ears have evlved different sizes s that the fluid can flw crrectly. Cld-blded animals’ ear fluid is cler and thicker, s it needs wider spaces t travel thrugh, while warm-blded animals have runnier ear fluid, s ur canals are different. (所有有脊椎的生物的耳朵里都有微小的管道，里面充满液体，帮助我们保持平衡。这种液体的流动性会随着温度的变化而变化，我们的内耳也进化出了不同的大小，这样液体才能正常流动。冷血动物的耳液更冷、更厚，所以需要更宽的空间来通过，而恒温动物的耳液更流动，所以我们的耳道是不同的。)”可知，比起冷血动物，恒温动物的内耳道相对狭窄。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段““Canals were generally used t predict the mvement f fssil rganisms. Hwever, by carefully lking at their bimechanics, we figured that we culd als use them t infer bdy temperature,” says Rmain David, ne f the study’s lead authrs. “This is because, like hney, the fluid inside canals gets runnier when temperature increases, impacting functin. Therefre, during the transitin t endthermy, physical adaptatin was required t keep best perfrmances, and we culd track ear canals in mammal ancestrs. ” (“运河通常被用来预测化石生物的运动。然而，通过仔细观察它们的生物力学，我们发现我们也可以用它们来推断体温，”该研究的主要作者之一罗曼·大卫说。“这是因为，像蜂蜜一样，当温度升高时，管道内的液体会变得更流动，影响功能。因此，在向恒温动物过渡的过程中，需要身体适应以保持最佳表现，我们可以追踪哺乳动物祖先的耳道。”)”可知，本段讲述了研究哺乳动物耳道的理由。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“This methd shws real prmise because it has been cnfirmed using a very large number f mdern species. (这种方法显示出真正的希望，因为它已经被大量的现代物种所证实。)”可推知，作者对追踪进化变化的新方法持赞赏态度。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t Be Less Emtinal
Being verly emtinal may mean reacting t feelings like anger, sadness and fear quickly instead f letting all f yur intelligence weigh in. Chances are, if yu feel verly emtinal yu are relating t yur emtins in a way that isn't always cnstructive. ___16___
Identify emtins. It's imprtant t knw what yu feel s yu can adequately address each emtin apprpriately. ___17___ If yu feel anger, fr instance, yu may start t ntice yur breathing quickening, yur muscles tensing, r yur skin feeling flushed. If yu're happy, yu may ntice smiling r feelings f lightness in yur bdy.
___18___ They can help calm yu dwn when yu're experiencing verwhelming emtins. If yu're feeling verwhelmed by emtinal intensity, pause t fcus n yur breathing. Breathing techniques can help yu manage yur emtins mre effectively and help yu handle intense emtins better. Yu may ntice that as yu experience intense emtins, they bring yu further frm experiencing yurself and yur bdy.
Mnitr yur expectatins. Smetimes, the way yu feel may be influenced by hw yu expect t feel. ___19___ If yu ntice yurself placing expectatins n hw yu “shuld” feel, hld ff n making that judgment until yu've cmpleted the situatin. Or, yu may cnsider which situatins yu want t enter int befrehand.
Adjust yur rutines t reduce stress. Think abut what events trigger yur strng emtins, and try t either avid them r cntrl yur respnse. Fr instance, if yu tend t get anxius because yu ften run late fr wrk, adjust yur mrning rutine s yu are nt rushing. ___20___
A. Cpe with yur emtins.
B. Practice breathing techniques.
C. Hwever, it's imprtant t learn t regulate yur emtins.
D. If yu feel anxius, yu may ntice yu burn a lt f emtinal energy wrrying.
E. Start t reflect n hw yur bdy feels when yu ntice an emtin cming thrugh.
F. If there is a grup f peple that bring ut lts f unpleasant emtins, decrease yur time with them.
G. Fr instance, if yu expect that watching a mvie may make yu sad, yu may end up feeling sad.
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. B 19. G 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何不过度情绪化的有效方式。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Being verly emtinal may mean reacting t feelings like anger, sadness and fear quickly instead f letting all f yur intelligence weigh in. Chances are, if yu feel verly emtinal yu are relating t yur emtins in a way that isn't always cnstructive.(过度情绪化可能意味着对愤怒、悲伤和恐惧等情绪的反应很快，而不是让你所有的智力都发挥作用。很有可能，如果你感觉过于情绪化，那么你处理情绪的方式并不总是建设性的)”及下文小标题讲述如何不过度情绪化的策略可知，C项“然而，学会调节情绪是很重要的。”符合语境，承上启下，与前文是转折关系，引出下文内容。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据前文“Identify emtins. It's imprtant t knw what yu feel s yu can adequately address each emtin apprpriately.(识别情绪。了解自己感受是很重要的，这样你才能适当地处理每一种情绪)”可知，要识别自己的情绪，了解自己的感受以便于适当的处理情绪。由此可知，E项“当你注意到一种情绪时，开始反思你的身体是如何感受的。”符合语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
空处为段落标题，根据后文“They can help calm yu dwn when yu're experiencing verwhelming emtins. If yu're feeling verwhelmed by emtinal intensity, pause t fcus n yur breathing. Breathing techniques can help yu manage yur emtins mre effectively and help yu handle intense emtins better. (当你情绪失控时，它们可以帮助你平静下来。如果你被强烈的情绪压得喘不过气来，停下来专注于你的呼吸。呼吸技巧可以帮助你更有效地管理你的情绪，帮助你更好地处理强烈的情绪)”可知，本段建议通过呼吸调整情绪。由此可知，B项“练习呼吸技巧。”符合语境，承上启下。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据前文“Mnitr yur expectatins. Smetimes, the way yu feel may be influenced by hw yu expect t feel.(监控你的期望。有时候，你的感受可能会受到你期望的感受的影响)”可知，情绪感受会受到期待的影响，因此要监控自己的期待，结合下文“If yu ntice yurself placing expectatins n hw yu “shuld” feel, hld ff n making that judgment until yu've cmpleted the situatin. Or, yu may cnsider which situatins yu want t enter int befrehand.(如果你注意到自己对自己“应该”的感觉抱有期望，那么在你完成这个情况之前，先不要做出这样的判断。或者，你可以事先考虑你想要进入哪些情况)”可知，我们要监控自己的期待的方式。由此可知，G项“例如，如果你期望看一部电影会让你感到悲伤，你最终可能会感到悲伤。”符合语境，承上启下。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Adjust yur rutines t reduce stress. Think abut what events trigger yur strng emtins, and try t either avid them r cntrl yur respnse. Fr instance, if yu tend t get anxius because yu ften run late fr wrk, adjust yur mrning rutine s yu are nt rushing.( 调整你日常生活以减少压力。想想是什么事件触发了你强烈的情绪，然后试着避免它们或者控制你的反应。例如，如果你经常因为上班迟到而感到焦虑，那就调整一下你的早晨习惯，这样你就不会赶时间了)”可知，通过调整日常生活减少情绪化，并举例说明。由此可知，F项“如果有一群人会给你带来很多不愉快的情绪，那就减少和他们在一起的时间。”符合语境，与前文都是举例说明如何调整日常生活减少情绪化。故选F。
第三部分：语言运用 (共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In elementary schl, my father tld me, “It desn’t matter what yu'll d when yu grw up; the key is that it will make yu pleased. ___21___ is the whle pint f life. It needs ___22___ and effrt. Yur mther lves t help peple ___23___ , s she became a nurse. I lve reading and petry, s I became a pet. We bth find happiness in daily hard wrk.”
A few years later when I was in junir high, my head teacher ___24___ with me after schl because I wasn’t ___25___ . She mentined sme successful peple in histry during the cnversatin. Then she asked what my ___26___ was. I tld her that I just wanted t be happy. She ___27___ fr a mment and then she agreed with me.
When I was a yung girl, the letter that my grandma wrte t me had a line abut “ ___28___ happiness in hard wrk”, which is my mtt that still resnates (产生共鸣) with me tday. I find sme peple attach t the ___29___ that life shuld be easier than it is. ___30___ , I think, regardless f what yu ___31___ , yu mustn’t neglect hard wrk, because happiness is hidden in ___32___ .
Since graduatin frm cllege, I have been ___33___ t passing all my knwledge t my students. I find happiness when my hard wrk is ___34___ by their respect and lve fr me. Because f my cntributin t ___35___ , I wn the Excellent Teacher Award this year and I'll d mre in the future.
21.
A. FitnessB. HappinessC. FrgivenessD. Calmness
22.
A. cnfidenceB. satisfactinC. experienceD. enthusiasm
23.
A. in needB. in panicC. in prD. in general
24.
A. jkedB. dealtC. talkedD. quarreled
25.
A. activeB. attractiveC. cautiusD. ambitius
26.
A. secretB. dreamC. cncernD. feature
27.
A. thughtB. criedC. laughedD. waited
28.
A. spreadingB. definingC. imaginingD. seeking
29.
A. suggestinB. exceptinC. expectatinD. cnclusin
30.
A. OtherwiseB. MreverC. HweverD. Therefre
31.
A. give upB. pick utC. engage inD. cme acrss
32.
A. effrtB. darknessC. curageD. truble
33.
A. devtedB. limitedC. triedD. expected
34.
A. determinedB. inspiredC. replacedD. repaid
35.
A. histryB. educatinC. medicineD. literature
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者从小受到父亲的教育，认为幸福是生活的全部意义，希望成为一个通过努力而获得幸福的人，并最终成为了一名优秀的教师，也找到了快乐和幸福。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸福是生活的全部意义。A. Fitness健康；B. Happiness高兴，幸福；C. Frgiveness原谅；D. Calmness冷静。上文“the key is that it will make yu pleased”提到关键是要高兴，故此处指幸福是生活的全部意义，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它需要热情和努力。A. cnfidence信心；B. satisfactin满意；C. experience经验；D. enthusiasm热情。根据下文“Yur mther lves t help peple ___3___ , s she became a nurse.”可知，母亲由于热爱而成为护士，故此处指它需要热情，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：你妈妈喜欢帮助有需要的人，所以她当了护士。A. in need需要，在困难中；B. in panic恐慌；C. in pr在贫穷中；D. in general一般来说。根据“s she became a nurse”可知，成为护士应是为了帮助有需要的人，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年后，当我上初中的时候，我的班主任在放学后和我谈话，因为我没有抱负。A. jked开玩笑； B. dealt处理；C. talked谈论，交谈；D. quarreled争吵。结合下文“during the cnversatin”可知，老师和作者谈话，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. active积极的；B. attractive有吸引力的；C. cautius谨慎的；D. ambitius有野心的。结合下文“She mentined sme successful peple in histry during the cnversatin.(她在谈话中提到了历史上一些成功人士)”可知，老师提到一些成功人士，说明作者没什么雄心壮志，老师以此来激励作者，故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她问我的梦想是什么。A. secret秘密；B. dream梦想；C. cncern担心；D. feature特点。根据“I tld her that I just wanted t be happy.(我告诉她我只想过得幸福)”可知，老师问作者的梦想是什么，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她想了一会儿，然后同意了我的观点。A. thught思考，想；B. cried哭；C. laughed大笑；D. waited等待。根据句中“then”和“she agreed with me”可知，老师应该是在思考之后，同意了作者的观点。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个小女孩的时候，奶奶写给我的信里有一句“在努力中寻找幸福”，这句话至今仍让我记忆犹新。A. spreading传播；B. defining定义；C. imagining想象；D. seeking寻找。根据下文“because happiness is hidden in ___12___”可知，幸福是藏在努力工作中的，所以奶奶鼓励作者要学会在努力工作中寻找幸福。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现有些人期望生活应该比实际情况更容易。A. suggestin建议；B. exceptin例外；C. expectatin期待，期望；D. cnclusin结论。结合下文“life shuld be easier than it is”以及“I think”可知，此处是描述有些人对生活的看法，希望生活比它实际的情况更容易，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我认为，无论你从事什么工作，你都不能忽视努力，因为幸福隐藏在努力中。A. Otherwise否则；B. Mrever而且，此外；C. Hwever然而；D. Therefre因此。根据上文“life shuld be easier than it is”以及下文“yu mustn’t neglect hard wrk”可知，上下文是转折关系，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. give up放弃；B. pick ut挑选；C. engage in从事；D. cme acrss偶然遇到。结合上文“___8___ happiness in hard wrk”和本句中“yu mustn’t frget hard wrk”可知，这里是指无论从事什么工作，都不能忘了要努力。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. effrt努力；B. darkness黑暗；C. curage勇气；D. truble麻烦。根据前文“It needs ___2___ and effrt.”和“ ___8___ happiness in hard wrk”可知，幸福需要努力，我们要在努力工作中发现幸福，因为它藏在努力中。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从大学毕业以来，我一直致力于把我所有的知识传授给我的学生。A. devted致力于；B. limited限制；C. tried尝试，努力；D. expected期望。结合上文“a line abut “___8___ happiness in hard wrk”, which is my mtt”以及下文“my hard wrk”可知，作者的座右铭是在努力工作中寻找幸福，所以此处是说大学毕业后一直致力于传授知识，努力工作，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的努力得到他们对我的尊重和爱的回报时，我感到幸福。A. determined决定；B. inspired鼓舞；C. replaced代替；D. repaid酬报，回报。结合“by their respect and lve fr me”可知，作者得到了学生们的尊重和爱戴，这是对作者努力工作的回报，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于我对教育的贡献，今年我获得了优秀教师奖，以后我会做得更多。A. histry历史；B. educatin教育；C. medicine医药；D. literature文学。结合下文“I wn the Excellent Teacher Award this year”可知，作者是一名老师，故是对教育作出贡献，故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
语法填空
The wrld has just endured its httest year n recrd, with glbal average temperatures ___36___ (break) histrical recrds. There is n denying that climate change is ne f the mst urgent ___37___ (challenge) facing humankind. N ne can be safe ___38___ the threat f climate change.
China, the wrld's largest develping cuntry and a respnsible majr cuntry, ___39___ (vercme) many challenges by taking a series f measures s far. It has planned t peak its carbn dixide emissins befre 2030 and achieve carbn neutrality befre 2060. The cuntry is set t achieve the highest ___40___ (reduce) in carbn intensity glbally. ___41___ (additin), prmting clean energy and the lw-carbn transfrmatin f the ecnmy ___42___ (be) nw a glbally accepted methd f addressing climate change.
Because f glbal warming extreme weather events are increasing in frequency and intensity. Building ___43___ slid frnt line f disaster preventin is crucial fr dealing with the effects f extreme weather events. Peple are expected wrk tgether t ___44___ (deep) internatinal cperatin and make greater cntributins t building a clean and beautiful wrld and safeguarding the Earth, the nly place ____45____ we can call hme.
【答案】36. breaking
37. challenges
38. frm 39. has vercme
40. reductin
41. Additinally
42. is 43. a
44. deepen 45. that
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了地球所面临的气候调整，中国为此做出的巨大贡献，呼吁全社会采取紧急行动，加强合作，减缓和适应气候变化，应对地球变暖带来的严峻挑战。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：世界刚刚经历了有记录以来最热的一年，全球平均气温打破了历史记录。分析句子可知，此处是with复合结构作状语，break作宾语补足语，与宾语temperatures是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填breaking。
【37题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：不可否认，气候变化是人类面临的最紧迫的挑战之一。ne f后接复数名词。故填challenges。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：没有人能免受气候变化的威胁。safe frm“免受……的伤害或危险；不受某种威胁或危险的影响”是固定短语。故填frm。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：中国，作为世界上最大的发展中国家和负责任大国，迄今为止采取了一系列措施，克服了诸多挑战。分析句子可知，vercme是谓语动词，由s far可知，用现在完成时，主语China是第三人称单数，助动词使用has，故填has vercme。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：这个国家将实现全球最高的碳强度降低。此处作宾语，应用名词reductin，不可数名词。故填reductin。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：另外，促进清洁能源和经济的低碳转型是目前全球公认的应对气候变化的方法。分析句子可知，此处修饰后面的句子，应用副词additinally，作状语，表示递进关系。故填Additinally。
【42题详解】
考查时态。句意同上。句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是动名词短语prmting clean energy and the lw-carbn transfrmatin f the ecnmy，be动词使用is。故填is。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：建立坚实的防灾前线对于应对极端天气事件的影响至关重要。分析句子可知，此处表示泛指，slid以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：希望各国人民携起手来，深化国际合作，为建设一个清洁美丽的世界，为保护我们唯一的家园地球作出更大贡献。分析句子可知，此处用不定式作目的状语，空前t是不定式符号，后接动词原形。故填deepen。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：希望各国人民携起手来，深化国际合作，为建设一个清洁美丽的世界，为保护我们唯一的家园地球作出更大贡献。分析句子可知，空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是place，指物，关系词从句中作宾语，且先行词有the nly修饰，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 现代社会，短视频日渐成为了生活的一部分，很多学生也沉迷其中。假如你是李华，上周你班就此现象展开了一次激烈的讨论，给你的好友Eric写信，阐述你的观点。
内容包括：1. 对此现象的看法；2. 理由。
注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：短视频 shrt vide
Dear Eric,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Eric,
Nwadays, mre and mre peple becme addicted t shrt vides. Last Friday ur class had a debate n the tpic. Here’s what I think abut the phenmenn.
First f all, spending t much time n shrt vides des harm t ur bdy and mind as sme f the vides are fake, thers are nt educatinal, als causing physical diseases such as near-sightedness and cervical pain withut nticing. Besides, it takes much time t brwse screens that we culd have therwise taken advantage f t read, study r exercise.
S we shuld try t avid spending t much time n shrt vides.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给好友Eric写信，阐述自己对于短视频日渐成为了生活的一部分，许多学生沉浸其中这一现象的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先：first f all→t start with
此外：besides→what’s mre
利用：take advantage f→make use f
无意识地：withut nticing→uncnsciusly
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Nwadays, mre and mre peple becme addicted t shrt vides.
拓展句：Nwadays, mre and mre peple becme addicted t shrt vides which take up mst f their leisure time.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First f all, spending t much time n shrt vides des harm t ur bdy and mind as sme f the vides are fake, thers are nt educatinal, als causing physical diseases such as near-sightedness and cervical pain withut nticing.（运用了动名词作主语，as引导状语从句及现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】Besides, it takes much time t brwse screens that we culd have therwise taken advantage f t read, study r exercise.（运用了it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语及that引导限制性定语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
With n air cnditiners and n trees prviding shade the classrms that faced suth at my children’s middle schl gt t ht during the warmer mnths f the schl year. I knew frm my days vlunteering in the schl that students and staff gt verheated and that it was difficult fr them t cncentrate.
As a lng-time master gardener, I knew trees culd shade thse classrm windws and reduce the temperatures inside t relatively cmfrtable levels. If benches and trees were added, the frnt yard wuld be transfrmed int a beautiful utdr classrm, ne that wuld encurage teachers t bring their students utside t learn. And I imagined hw wnderful it wuld be fr ur district’s kids, many f whm live in apartment buildings withut yards r green space, t experience the happiness f sitting n a bench under a leafy green tree during their schl day.
Then, I met with the schl’s Parent-Teacher Assciatin and tld my idea f changing the schl’s frnt yard. And I expressed my willingness t rganize the prject. The grup liked the idea but thught it was t difficult. Hwever, several days later, the principal tld me, “I had further discussins with my staff. We all think yu are very kind. We want t wrk with yu t transfrm ur schl’s frnt yard.”
Later, I fund a prfessinal landscape designer wh prmised t design ur frnt yard free f charge. After that, I fund a lcal cmpany that prmised t deliver tpsil (表土) at a deeply discunted price when we were ready t transfrm ur frnt yard. Then I cntacted a charity which prmised t prvide us with varius shade trees fr free that wuld grw well in ur area. And it wuld send a prfessinal crew t help us plant the trees.
Then, we named ur future frnt yard “The Habitat fr Living & Learning”. At this pint, we spke with everyne we knew abut the Habitat fr Living & Learning. The hard wrk f spreading tpsil, digging and planting was scheduled t begin within weeks.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式作答。
Para. 1: S we psted the tasks in the schl’s frnt hall where everyne culd see them.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para. 2: Sn, everyne — students, staff and vlunteers — began wrking t spread the tpsil.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
S we psted the tasks in the schl’s frnt hall where everyne culd see them. Students, staff, and vlunteers all signed up t help with varius aspects f the prject. It was heartwarming t see s many peple cming tgether fr a cmmn gal. Students researched hw t d gardening wrk, and staff wrked n incrprating the utdr classrm cncept int their lessn plans. Vlunteers dnated tls, seeds, and ther necessary materials. The energy and enthusiasm were cntagius, driving us all frward with excitement and determinatin.
Sn, everyne — students, staff and vlunteers — began wrking t spread the tpsil. It was hard wrk, but seeing the barren yard gradually being cvered with nutrient-rich sil filled us with a sense f accmplishment. Students eagerly helped prfessinals plant the yung trees. Staff members and vlunteers set up benches and utdr learning statins, turning the nce-empty space int a welcming envirnment. The landscape designer’s plan started t cme t life befre ur eyes. The sense f pride and tgetherness that filled the air was palpable, as we wrked side by side t create a vibrant utdr asis fr the schl cmmunity.
【解析】
【导语】本文以时间为线索展开，讲述了作者在自己孩子的学校做志愿者的时候，留心到学校前院缺乏树木和遮荫，造成学生和工作人员在炎热的天气里难以集中注意力。作者想到树木可以帮助降低室内温度，向家长教师协会提议将前院改造成一个美丽的户外教室，给学生们提供更舒适的学习环境。虽然这个想法实施起来比较困难，但校长最终同意进行前院的改造。作者找到专业的景观设计师、当地公司和慈善机构，为改造计划做好了前期的筹备工作，铺设表土、挖掘和种植的工作将在几周内开始。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“所以我们把任务贴在学校的前厅，每个人都能看到。”可知，第一段可描写很多人积极报名参与这项任务，以及大家开始从事不同的准备工作。
②由第二段首句内容“很快，每个人——学生、工作人员和志愿者——都开始努力铺开表层土壤。”可知，第二段可描写大家都认真投入到改造工作中，以及作者对这项工作的感受。
2. 续写线索：贴任务——积极报名——准备工作——铺设表层土壤——认真工作——感受
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①把……融合进……：incrprate… int…/integrate…int…
②促使：drive/urge/impel
③把……转变为……：turn… int…/transfrm…int…
④开始做某事：start t d/begin t d
⑤创造：create/prduce
情绪类
①激情：enthusiasm/passin/keenness
②兴奋：excitement/thrill
【点睛】[高分句型1] It was hard wrk, but seeing the barren yard gradually being cvered with nutrient-rich sil filled us with a sense f accmplishment. (运用了动名词短语seeing…作主语)
[高分句型2] The sense f pride and tgetherness that filled the air was palpable, as we wrked side by side t create a vibrant utdr asis fr the schl cmmunity. (运用了that引导限制性定语从句、as引导时间状语从句)