语法填空专项03-形容词和副词讲义-2025年广东中考英语

这是一份语法填空专项03-形容词和副词讲义-2025年广东中考英语，共8页。学案主要包含了重点句型，形容词的位置，形容词变副词的规律等内容，欢迎下载使用。
形容词的基本用法
形容词用以修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征。可在句中充当定语修饰名词、代词，也可作表语表示主语的状态、特征，还可作补语、状语。
考点一、重点句型
（1）keep sth. adj. 使 … 保持… 的状态
（2）make sth./sb. adj. 使 … 怎么样
（3）find it adj. t d sth. 觉得做某事怎么样
考点二、形容词的位置
作定语。一般放在所修饰词的前面和系动词后面。
It’s a cld and windy day. This sng sunds beautiful.
考点三 .复合形容词
数词-名词如：a tw-week hliday;
数词-名词-形容词如：an eight-year-ld by;
考点四.“定冠词+形容词”表示一类人
某些形容词加上定冠词the可以泛指一类人或物，与谓语动词的复数连接，如the dead，the living，the rich，the pr，the blind，the hungry等。
考点五.–ed形容词和-ing形容词
–ed类形容词用来形容人，-ing类形容词用来形容物。常见的词有：excited, exciting, pleased, pleasing, interested, interesting, bred, bring, frightened, frightening
如：I’m surprised because he gave me a surprising present. 我很惊讶，因为他给我一个令人惊讶的礼物。
副词
副词是一个可以修饰动词、形容词、另一副词、介词短语或整个句子的词。在句中作状语，个别可做表语、定语、补语。
考点一、副词的位置
一般副词通常位于所修饰动词之后，频率副词或其它副词在句中时在实意动词之前，动词be、助动词、情态动词之后。
The girl dances very well.
Even clever peple are nt terribly clever when they are in this situatin.
I always remember the day when I first came t this schl.
We can g t this schl freely.
It's rather difficult t tell wh is right.
It's s imprtant that I must tell my friends.

考点二、两组易混淆的形容词副词
hard , hardly
hard (1) 形容词，“困难的；坚硬的” 如：It’s hard fr him t wrk ut this prblem.
（2）副词，“努力地；猛烈地” 如：It rained hard yesterday. Tm wrks harder than his brther.
hardly 副词，“几乎不”
much t 与t much区别
much t 后加形容词; t much 后加不可数名词。 例如：much t nisy t much nise
考点三、形容词变副词的规律
通常情况下在词尾加ly： careful—carefully slw—slwly
如果以辅音字母加y结尾的（除ly外），去y加ily： heavy—heavily
（易错点）如果以e结尾的（除le外），去e加ly： true—truly
以le结尾的词去e加y：terrible—terribly, pssible--pssibly ,gentle—gently, prbable-prbably
simple-simply
形容词，副词形式相同的： hard，fast，early，late等
注意：貌似副词的形容词：lnely 独自的；friendly 友好的；lively 生动的；lvely 可爱的;ugly丑的
形容词副词比较等级
一、形容词&副词级的变化规律
形容词&副词比较级和最高级的词形变化
规则变化
不规则变化
注意：lder 和elder的不同
lder 常用于比较的句型，表示“较老的，较旧的，年纪较大的”。
elder 只用于比较一家人的年龄长幼，意为“年长的”还可以指“资格老的”都作定语。
Yu bike is lder than mine.He is lder than yu.He is my elder brther.
二、形容词&副词的句型
考点 一： 原级句型：
as+adj./adv.+as 如:The ld man walks as fast as a yung man..
nt as(s) +adj./adv.+as 如:She desn't run s fast as I.
考点二：比较级句型
adj.& adv.比较级+than"或"less…than"。 如: I'm less interested in basketball than yu.
比较级+ and +比较级。 如:The weather is getting warmer and warmer.
the+比较级( +n.)+f+the二者。 如:Bb is the taller by f the tw bys.
the+比较级…，the+比较级…。 如: The sner, the better.
The mre exercise we take, the healthier we are.
Which is the + 形容词比较级, A r B? 如: Which is the mre beautiful, Kelly r Maggie?
A +谓语动词+形容词副词的比较级+than any ther+ 名词单数。如:
Beijing is bigger than any ther city in China
考点三：最高级句型
the+最高级+名词+范围。如:This is the cleanest place f the city.
表示"最……之一",用"ne f the+形容词&副词最高级+复数名词"。如:
The Great Wall f China is ne f the greatest buildings in the wrld.
Which/Wh is the + 形容词最高级, A , B r C? 如：
Wh is the tallest, Mary, Tm r Jack?
考点四：形容词和副词的原级、比较级的修饰语
用于原级之前：t, quite, s, very, just, rather, etc.
Jhn is almst as tall as yu.
The river is three times as lng as that ne.
用于比较级前: a lt, much , a bit, even, a little , still, far, etc.
It's cld this year, but it's even clder last year.
随堂练习
单选
1.– What’s the weather like tmrrw? -- The radi says it is ging t be even ______.
A. badB. wrstC. badlyD. wrse
2. The Huanghe River is the secnd ____ river in China.
A. lng B. lnger C. lngest D. the lngest
3. — There is a smile n Miss Ga’s face. She must be _______ with Sam’s wrk.
— ] think s. N ne did as_ _ as him in ur class.
A. angry: well B. pleasing; gd C. strict, gd D. pleased; well
4. I think basketball is _______. I like t watch it .
A. bring; excitedlyB. bring; excitedC. bred; excitingD. bred; excitedly
5.In winter, Chinese students like t kick the Jianzi (毽子) t keep themselves _ __.
A. warm B. warmly C. cld D. cldly
6. I didn’t wrk __ _ my brther when I was yung.
A. as hard as B. harder C. hardest D. hardly
7. Billy, is yur mther cking meat in the kitchen? It smells s __ _!
A. well B. badly C. nice D. pretty
8.The ppulatin f the wrld in 20th century became very much _________ than that in 19th.
A. bigger B. larger C. greater D. mre
9.Miss Li is ne f _______ in ur schl.
A. a ppular teacherB. mre ppular teacher
C. mst ppular teacherD. the mst ppular teachers
10.These are ________ easy magazines that the children can read them well.
A. suchB. sC. tD. very
11. The new kind f car is _____ dear, I dn’t have _____ mney.
A. t much; much tB. much t; t much
C. t much; t muchD. much t; much t
Keys: DCDAA ACBDA B
用所给词的适当形式填空。
It is terrible. It`s raining s _________that we can ________ g ut.(hard)
Jim was just falling ____________ (sleep) when I came int his rm quietly.
Peple speak_________ (high)f the film Nt One Less .It’s really necessary fr every child t g t schl.
Of the tw cats, she’d like t chse the ___________ ne t save mney fr a bk. (cheap)
The actress is already 50, but she lks much _________. ( yung)
—Did Kate d best in the final exam?
—N, but f all the students she did____________ . (careful)
7. Funtawild Adventure is very ppular and __________and __________turists visit it year by year. (much)
8. Wei Hua tld me that Wu Dng was____________ill.(terrible)
Of the tw Australian students, Masha is ____ ___ ne. I think yu can find her easily.（tall）
— Did yu hear anything ___ _____(usual) in the next dr?
— N, I was chatting nline with friends.
_____ ______, I culd get the last ticket t the cncert. (luck)
12. Miss Li is a kind teacher and she always talks t us (gentle).
13. I felt (relax) lying in the sun. What a gd time!
14. We are very ____ ___that a student frm ur schl has wn the prize.(pride)
15. The higher the muntain is, the _ _______ (thin) the air is.
16. This time, the number f the were in hundreds, nt dzens.(die)
Keys:
1.hard, hardly 2.asleep 3.highly 4. Cheaper 5. Yunger 6. (the)mst careful 7.mre , mre
8.terribly 9. the taller 10. Unusual 11. Luckily 12. Gently 13. Relaxed 15. Thinner 16. dead
语法填空
A
As tw wmen walked int a New Jersey hspital, they laughed. It shwed the lve that had held them
tgether 1 frty years as best friends. Althugh they were laughing, ne f these ladies wuld sn
put her life in danger __ 2____ (save) her best friend.
Patty Hurley and Eileen Riley met at high schl and have been clse friends ever since. But when Eileen,
_ 3 _nurse, became ill with kidney (肾) disease, she didn’t g running t her friend—Patty
came t help her, after _____ 4 ___( hear) Eileen was sick “My kidneys are failing,” Eileen explained.
“Can I give yu ne f mine?” _ ___5_____ (cme) the immediate reply.
The ffer was s simple __6____ Eileen thught she had heard wrng. But Patty repeated she was willing t
help, and their jurney t the perating table began.
Eileen always knew that her friend wuld help. She said 7 (simple), “When Patty makes a prmise,
she keeps 8 .”
The peratin went ahead in May, and bth wmen are nw very healthy and ___9__ _(clse) than ever.
“There are n wrds t describe _ 10 _____ amazing this wman is,” Eileen said afterwards.
“She gave me my life.”
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Keys: 1.fr 2. t save 3.a 4. hearing 5.came 6.that 7.simply 8.it 9. clser 10.hw
B
Jack wrked in a shp that sld clcks. He was always telling Harry __1____ (buy ) a new clck. But
Harry, _ __2_____ lived next dr t Jack, said he didn’t need ne.
“___ 3____ needs a clck,” Jack said. “Hw d yu knw when it’s time t get up?”
“My landlrd Mr. Smith turns n his radi at seven ‟clck and listens 4______ the news,” Harry said.
“That’s my mrning call.”
“Ok. But hw d yu knw when t g t wrk?”
“By the time I __5 __(eat) my breakfast, it‟s eight ‟clck, time t leave fr the ffice. Then I walk there.
When I arrive at my ffice, it’s nine ’clck. That’s _ 6 _ time I start wrk.”
“OK. But hw d yu knw when it‟s time t g hme?” “The factry bell_ 7 _(ring),” Harry tld him.
“But hw d yu knw when it‟s time t g t bed?” “The televisin prgrams cme t end.”
By nw Jack was really___ 8 _(anger). “OK,” he shuted. “Nw tell me what wuld happen _ 9
yu wke up in the middle f the night and wanted t knw the time.”
“That’s easy,” Harry said, “I wuld knck heavily n _10 __ wall. Then yu wuld shut at me, “ What are
yu ding kncking n my wall at three ‟clck in the mrning?”
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Keys: 1.t buy 2. wh 3.everyne 4. t 5.have eaten 6.the 7.rings 8.angry 9. when 10.yur构成法
原级
比较级
最高级
单音节词词尾加-er和-est。
clean lng
hard fast
cleaner lnger
harder faster
cleanest lngest
hardest fastest
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词先双写辅音字母，再加-er 和-est
big ht
thin wet
bigger htter
thinner wetter
biggest httest
thinnest wettest
以不发音字母e结尾的单音节词和以-le结尾的双音节词只需要加-r和-st
brave fine
large late
able nble
braver finer
larger later
abler nbler
bravest finest
largest latest
ablest nblest
以-y结尾的词，-y前是元音时，直接加-er和-est；-y前是辅音时，变-y为-i再加-er和-est
busy cludy
early easy
happy healthy
busier cludier
earlier easier
happier healthier
busiest cludiest
earliest easiest
happiest healthiest
以-er和-w结尾的双音节词通常加-er和-est。但是eager, pwer加mre和 mst
clever
narrw
bitter
mre clever
mre narrw
mre bitter
mst clever
mst narrw
mst bitter
双音节词和多音节词在前加mre 和mst
careful
excited
beautiful
mre careful
mre excited
mre beautiful
mst careful
mst excited
mst beautiful
原级
比较级
最高级
gd
better
best
well（健康的，身体好的）
many
mre
mst
much
ill
wrse
wrst
bad
badly
little
less
least
far
farther
farthest
further
furthest
ld
lder
ldest
elder
eldest