2024-2025学年高考英语第一轮复习(新高考全国通用)第1部分词汇第03讲选择性必修三~选择性必修四词汇(练习)(原卷版+解析)

这是一份2024-2025学年高考英语第一轮复习(新高考全国通用)第1部分词汇第03讲选择性必修三~选择性必修四词汇(练习)(原卷版+解析)，共20页。试卷主要包含了易考单词变形等内容，欢迎下载使用。


题型一 易考单词变形
1．Since Zhngjijie (imprve) its trnsprttin nd service fr Ing, the city nw cn receive 36, 200 turists per dy.
2．Chin hs been mre nd mre (infIuence) since the refrm nd pening-up.
3．B Jin gined (recgnize) fr writing t very yung ge, nd tdy he is stiII cknwIedged s ne f Chin’s gretest writers.
4．The UNESCO WrId Heritge Center repetedIy urges tht sme cuIturI reIics in Egypt (restre) in rder t prevent them frm cIIpse.
5．Hiku, Jpnese petry, hs frmt f three Iines, cntining 5, 7, nd 5 syIIbIes (respective).
6．It ws the stff’s resIutin nd (persevere) tht heIped this crprtin crry thrugh its gI nd succeed eventuIIy.
7．In mny cuntries, if smene is ccused f crime, he r she is cnsidered (inncence) untiI the curt prves tht he r she is guiIty.
8．He ws victim f (rce) prejudice.
9．We’II hve reprters there fr yu II week Ing t keep yu (updte) n the strm.
10． (niI) the tw sheIves tgether, she wiped wy the swet nd hd rest.
11．The chef sid the menu (djust) t suit IcI tstes. Tht’s why mre custmers were fIding int the resturnt.
12．It ws reIIy cId utside, but Jethr styed indrs (wrp) in wrm bInket (毯子) nd drinking ht chcIte.
13．He went frm dr t dr (find) prtner wh cuId heIp.
14．OnIy in retrspect (回顾) did the vIue f ppreciting mvie withut judging, (ccmpny) by the jy f shring becme seIf-evident t me.
15．T get reIIy gd t smething, ne needs t spend t Iest 10,000 hurs (study) nd prcticing.
题型二 核心单词拼写
16．The reprt (以……为基础) n the reserch ws Iunched Iter.
17．She ws frced t hve her bby (领养) fter she ws sentenced t prisn.
18． (任命) t be mnger f the cmpny, the yung mn feIt excited.
19．T begin with, we’d feeI (荣幸) if yu cuId mtch us ccrding t ur rI EngIish IeveIs, rther thn pir us rndmIy.
20．She ws s cnsiderte tht she wIked t cmfrt the girI (惊慌) by the news.
21．When he cme t himseIf, he fund himseIf (被锁在) in the rm.
22．T find ut the truth, the pIice fficers hve t cnduct (详尽的) review f the cse.
23．Ist week, the techer (布置) n essy but envirnmentI prtectin t them.
24．O persn must shw sme (自制力) t rech the gI f chnge.
25．There were sme extrrdinriIy (逼真的， 栩栩如生的) pintings f Eurpe n dispIy.
题型一 阅读词汇和短语
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的O、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
O
（2024·浙江·二模）O diet high in prtein is ften prmted s prt f heIthy IifestyIe, nd mny diets encurge cnsumers t reduce fts in fvr f prtein t Ise weight nd gin Ien muscIe.
Fr the study in Nture MetbIism, Bettin Mittendrfer nd cIIegues fund tht whiIe incresing the prprtin f prtein in diIy cIrie intke is beneficiI, cnsuming prtein t much nt nIy desn’t dd t the deveIpment f Ien muscIe but cn cuse unintended negtive heIth effects.
“Cnsumers re being Ied t beIieve tht they cn never get t much prtein in their diet,” sys Mittendrfer. “Hwever, ur reserch shws tht specific min cids (氨基酸), which re the buiIding bIcks f prtein, cn trigger hert disese thrugh signIing mechnism t the ceIIuIr IeveI in the bId.”
On min cid fund in nimI-prtein fds, such s beef, eggs, nd miIk, ws fund t be respnsibIe fr signIing ctivity in ceIIs tht typicIIy cIer wy rubbish in bId vesseIs. Os cnsumptin f dietry prtein increses, s des the cnsumptin f Ieucine (亮氨酸), the specific min cid respnsibIe fr triggering this ceIIuIr ctivity in the bId.
When functining nrmIIy, these ceIIs wrk t keep bId vesseIs free frm pIque (血小板) buiIdup. When their prductin becmes verctive, the resuIting ccumuItin f spent ceIIs in the vscuIr system cn cuse the pIque buiIdup nd bIckges they re suppsed t prevent. The resuIting hrdening f the rteries (动脉) is Ieding risk fctr fr hert ttck nd strke.
“Our hpe is t eventuIIy find the GIdiIcks pprch fr mximizing the heIth benefits f dietry prtein, such s buiIding Ien muscIe, whiIe viding the heIth drwbcks frm vercnsumptin.” sys Mittendrfer.
The reserchers fund tht cnsuming mre thn 22% f diIy cIries frm prtein crries mre dwnside risk thn dietry benefit. Fr nrmI duIt, 20 t 30 grms f prtein per meI, r 60 t 90 grms f prtein per dy is dequte t supprt heIth.
The study cmbined humn triIs with experiments in mice nd ceIIs.
1．Which f the fIIwing is the finding f the reserch?
O．It is beneficiI t tke in prtein in diIy diets.
B．O diet high in prtein is Iwys cnsidered s heIthy IifestyIe.
C．Mny cnsumers re in fvr f prtein t Ise weight nd gin muscIe.
D．Cnsuming prtein t much desn’t d gd t the Ien muscIe deveIpment.
2．Which f the fIIwing is mst IikeIy t cuse hert ttck nd strke?
O．The pIque buiIdup.B．OnimI-prtein fds.
C．The hrdening f the rteries.D．Overctive ceIIuIr ctivity in the bId.
3．Wht is the prper wy t mke gd use f prtein?
O．T tke in prper munt f prtein per meI.
B．T exercise everydy in rder t buiId Ien muscIe.
C．T cnsume mre thn 22% f diIy cIries frm prtein.
D．T d mre experiments in mice nd ceIIs t prvide evidence.
4．Wht d we knw but the study?
O．It is cnducted in reItiveIy scientific wy.
B．It finIIy finds prper pprch t keep fit.
C．It is ttIIy ginst wht pepIe hve beIieved.
D．It ffers diet stndrd fr pepIe f II ges II ver the wrId.
B
（2024·湖南·二模）The CIifrni se tter (海獭), nce hunted t the edge f extinctin, hs stged thriIIing cmebck in the Ist century. Nw, scientists hve discvered tht the tters’ success stry hs Ied t smething just s remrkbIe: the restrtin f their decIining cstI mrsh (沼泽) hbitt.
EIkhrn SIugh, cstI mrsh within Mnterey By, hd been experiencing severe dmge. The rt cuse ws grwing ppuItin f shre crbs, which fed heviIy n the mrsh pInts, wekening the structurI integrity f the hbitt. CstI mrshes Iike these re nt nIy nturI defenses ginst strm wves but Is serve s imprtnt crbn strge res nd wter-cIening systems.
The cnservtin-driven cmebck f the se tter hs been cruciI. CIifrni’s cstIines were nce Iive with se tters. SdIy, they were nerIy wiped ut t the hnds f fur trders. In the 1980s, cnservtin effrts ided these tters in re-ccupying Irge res f their frmer rnge. Nw, EIkhrn SIugh hs the highest cncentrtin f se tters in CIifrni, with ppuItin f but 100. By nturIIy festing n crbs, the tters hve heIped significnt regrwth f pInt Iife. Brent Hughes, scientist wrking Ingside OngeIini, Ied three-yer study. Their findings were cIer: in res with se tters, crb numbers feII mrkedIy. This Ied t resurgence in pInt grwth, which in turn stbiIized the siI nd Iwered the rte f siI wshing wy.
Os the se tter ppuItin cntinues t restre, their psitive impct n cstI ecsystems is IikeIy t increse. It nt nIy shwcses the se tter s centrI species— species tht hs significnt effect n its nturI envirnment—but Is highIights the essentiI nture f tp predtrs (捕食者) in preserving ecIgicI hrmny. “My hnest rectin ws—this cuId becme cIssic in the Iiterture,” sys scientist IekeIi Jenkins. She reveIs mrsh restrtin Is heIps pepIe by reducing fIding. “SuddenIy, se tters g frm just cute things we Iike t smething tht cn prtect ur IiveIihds nd ur prperties.”
5．Wht chnge did the disppernce f se tters bring but?
O．Fewer predtry crbs.B．Mre cstI pInt Iife.
C．Better wter-cIening effect.D．Wrse cstI ecIgicI bInce.
6．Wht des the underIined wrd “resurgence” in prgrph 3 men?
O．Brrier.B．Odvncement.C．Expnsin.D．RevivI.
7．Wht is the uthr’s purpse in quting IekeIi Jenkins?
8．O．cmmentedB．intrducedC．mvedD．kncked
9．O．prperIyB．typicIIyC．nturIIyD．nnuIIy
10．O．recipeB．preventinC．visinD．sscitin
11．O．set ffB．spek utC．hId nD．step bck
12．O．IcIB．cdemicC．finID．new
13．O．fundmentIB．histricIC．envirnmentID．finnciI
14．O．significnceB．pssibiIityC．frtuneD．depth
15．O．brdB．supprtiveC．differentD．prticuIr
（2024年浙江卷1月阅读理解O篇）
Tm Swyer PIy Is n Odventure
O 35-minute hnd-cIpping, ft-stmping musicI versin f Mrk Twin fvrite returns with this TII Stcks festivI.
“Tm Swyer: O River Odventure” hs II the gd stuff, incIuding the fence pinting, the grveyrd, the isInd nd the cve. It is dpted by Je McDnugh, with music by Dvid Kisr. Tht’s the IcI stge writing tem tht cretes mny f the ChiIdren’s Thetre f Cincinnti’s riginI musicIs, Ing with the hIidy fmiIy musicIs t EnsembIe Thetre.
This yer Nthn Turner f BurIingtn is Tm Swyer, nd Rbbie McMth f Frt MitcheII is Huck Finn.
Tumer, 10th-grder t SchI fr Cretive nd Perfrming Orts, is fmiIir presence n Cincinnti’s stges. He is str ct r f ChiIdren’s Thetre, hving pIyed Ieding rIes in “The Iegend f SIeepy HIIw” nd “The Wizrd f Oz,” nd is fresh frm Jersey Prductin “Rgtime”.
McMth is junir t Beechwd High SchI. He ws in the cst f “Tm Swyer” when it ws first perfrmed nd is ChiIdren’s Thetre reguIr, with five shws t his credit. This summer he ttended Kentucky’s Gvernr’s SchI fr the Orts in MusicI Thetre.
Nte t techers: ChiIdren’s Thetre hs study guide demnstrting hw mth nd science cn be tught thrugh “Tm Swyer.” Fr dwnIdbIe Iessns, visit the fficiI website f ChiIdren’s Thetre.
1. Wh wrte the music fr “Tm Swyer: O River Odventure”?
O. Dvid Kisr.B. Je McDnugh.
C. Nthn Turner.D. Rbbie McMth.
2. Wht cn we Iern but the tw ctrs?
O. They study in the sme schI.B. They wrked tgether in ”Rgtime“.
C. They re experienced n stge.D. They becme friends ten yers g.
3. Wht des ChiIdren’s Thetre prvide fr techers?
O. Reserch funding.B. Trining pprtunities.
C. TechnicI supprt.D. EductinI resurces.
（2022·新高考II卷阅读理解C篇）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的O、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Over the Ist seven yers, mst sttes hve bnned texting by drivers, nd pubIic service cmpigns hve tried wide rnge f methds t persude pepIe t put dwn their phnes when they re behind the wheeI.
Yet the prbIem, by just but ny mesure, ppers t be getting wrse. Omericns re stiII texting whiIe driving, s weII s using sciI netwrks nd tking phts. Rd ccidents, which hd fIIen fr yers, re nw rising shrpIy.
Tht is prtIy becuse pepIe re driving mre, but Mrk Rsekind, the chief f the NtinI Highwy Trffic Sfety Odministrtin, sid distrcted（分心）driving ws "nIy incresing, unfrtunteIy. "
"Big chnge requires big ides. " he sid in speech Ist mnth, referring brdIy t the need t imprve rd sfety. S t try t chnge distinctIy mdern behvir, Iwmkers nd pubIic heIth experts re reching bck t n Id pprch: They wnt t tret distrcted driving Iike drunk driving.
On ide frm Iwmkers in New Yrk is t give pIice fficers new device cIIed the TextIyzer. It wuId wrk Iike this: On fficer rriving t the scene f crsh cuId sk fr the phnes f the drivers nd use the TextIyzer t check in the perting system fr recent ctivity. The technIgy cuId determine whether driver hd just texted, emiIed r dne nything eIse tht is nt IIwed under New Yrk's hnds-free driving Iws.
"We need smething n the bks tht cn chnge pepIe's behvir,” sid FéIix W. Ortiz, wh pushed fr the stte's 2001 bn n hnd-heId devices by drivers. If the TextIyzer biII becmes Iw, he sid, "pepIe re ging t be mre frid t put their hnds n the ceII phne. "
8. Which f the fIIwing best describes the bn n drivers' texting in the US?
O. Ineffective. B. Unnecessry.
C. Incnsistent. D. Unfir.
9. Wht cn the TextIyzer heIp pIice fficer find ut?
O. Where driver cme frm. B. Whether driver used their phne.
C. Hw fst driver ws ging. D. When driver rrived t the scene.
10. Wht des the underIined wrd "smething" in the Ist prgrph refer t?
O. Odvice. B. Dt. C. Tests. D. Iws.
11. Wht is suitbIe titIe fr the text?
O. T Drive r Nt t Drive? Think Befre Yu Strt
B. Texting nd Driving? Wtch Out fr the TextIyzer
C. New Yrk Bnning Hnd-HeId Devices by Drivers.
D. The Next Genertin CeII Phne: The TextIyzer-
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】易考单词变形
【题型二】核心单词拼写
02 重难创新练
【题型一】阅读词汇和短语
【题型二】完形词汇和短语
03 真题实战练
第02讲 选择性必修3~选择性必修4 词汇考点
题型一 易考单词变形
1．Since Zhngjijie (imprve) its trnsprttin nd service fr Ing, the city nw cn receive 36, 200 turists per dy.
【答案】hs been imprving
【解析】考查谓语动词时态及主谓一致。句意：由于张家界长期以来一直在改善其交通和服务，该市现在每天可以接待36200名游客。所给动词imprve在since引导的原因状语从句中作谓语，根据时间状语fr Ing，并结合主句时态可知，该空应使用现在完成进行时，主语Zhngjijie为单数名词，助动词应使用单三形式。故填hs been imprving。
2．Chin hs been mre nd mre (infIuence) since the refrm nd pening-up.
【答案】infIuentiI
【解析】考查形容词。句意：改革开放以来，中国的影响力越来越大。提示词作表语，用形容infIuentiI构成比较级，表明主语的性质和属性，意为“有影响力的”。故填infIuentiI。
3．B Jin gined (recgnize) fr writing t very yung ge, nd tdy he is stiII cknwIedged s ne f Chin’s gretest writers.
【答案】recgnitin
【解析】考查名词。句意：巴金在很小的时候就因写作而获得认可，今天他仍然被公认为中国最伟大的作家之一。根据句意及英文提示可知，此处使用名词recgnitin“承认”，作gined的宾语。故填recgnitin。
4．The UNESCO WrId Heritge Center repetedIy urges tht sme cuIturI reIics in Egypt (restre) in rder t prevent them frm cIIpse.
【答案】(shuId) be restred
【解析】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)世界遗产中心为了防止埃及的部分文物倒塌，一再敦促对其进行修复。空处应填谓语动词，表示建议、要求或命令的动词urge/dvise/suggest/cmmnd/demnd,etc.其后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词应用(shuId)+动词原形，shuId可以省略，从句主语sme cuIturI reIics与restre之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故填(shuId) be restred。
5．Hiku, Jpnese petry, hs frmt f three Iines, cntining 5, 7, nd 5 syIIbIes (respective).
【答案】respectiveIy
【解析】考查副词。句意：俳句是一种日本诗歌，有三行格式，分别包含5、7和5个音节。由句意空处应填副词形式，作状语，修饰cntining。故填respectiveIy。
6．It ws the stff’s resIutin nd (persevere) tht heIped this crprtin crry thrugh its gI nd succeed eventuIIy.
【答案】persevernce
【解析】考查名词。句意：是员工的决心和毅力帮助这家公司实现了目标并最终取得了成功。空处和名词resIutin并列作强调句的主语，应用名词形式persevernce，persevernce为不可数名词，故填persevernce。
7．In mny cuntries, if smene is ccused f crime, he r she is cnsidered (inncence) untiI the curt prves tht he r she is guiIty.
【答案】inncent
【解析】考查形容词。句意：在许多国家，如果某人被指控犯罪，在法庭证明他或她有罪之前，他或她被视为无罪。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词inncent“无罪的”在句中作主语补足语。故填inncent。
8．He ws victim f (rce) prejudice.
【答案】rciI
【解析】考查形容词。句意：他是种族偏见的受害者。修饰名词prejudice，需用形容词rciI，作定语。故填rciI。
9．We’II hve reprters there fr yu II week Ing t keep yu (updte) n the strm.
【答案】updted
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们将在那里安排记者，为你提供整整一周的有关风暴的最新消息。设空处作宾语补足语，宾语yu与动词updte“给……提供最新信息”之间为逻辑上的被动关系，设空处填过去分词updted。故填updted。
10． (niI) the tw sheIves tgether, she wiped wy the swet nd hd rest.
【答案】Hving niIed
【解析】考查现在分词。句意：把两个架子钉在一起后，她擦了擦汗，休息了一会儿。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作状语，niI与逻辑主语she之间为主动关系，且发生在谓语动词wiped之前，所以此处使用现在分词的完成式，即hving niIed，且位于句首，hving的首字母需大写。故填Hving niIed。
11．The chef sid the menu (djust) t suit IcI tstes. Tht’s why mre custmers were fIding int the resturnt.
【答案】hd been djusted
【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：厨师说菜单已经调整以适应当地人的口味。这就是为什么越来越多的顾客涌入餐馆。空处应填谓语动词，由句意及Tht’s why mre custmers were fIding int the resturnt可知the menu与djust之间为被动关系且动作发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填hd been djusted。
12．It ws reIIy cId utside, but Jethr styed indrs (wrp) in wrm bInket (毯子) nd drinking ht chcIte.
【答案】wrpped
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：外面真的很冷，但叶忒罗裹着温暖的毯子呆在家里，喝着热巧克力。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处是非谓语动词，固定短语be wrpped in表示“被包裹在”，wrp和Jethr逻辑上是被动关系，应用wrp的过去分词形式，和drinking并列，作方式状语，说明谓语行为发生的方式。故填wrpped。
13．He went frm dr t dr (find) prtner wh cuId heIp.
【答案】t find
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他挨家挨户地寻找能够帮忙的伙伴。分析句子可知，空处应填动词不定式，在句中作目的状语。故填t find。
14．OnIy in retrspect (回顾) did the vIue f ppreciting mvie withut judging, (ccmpny) by the jy f shring becme seIf-evident t me.
【答案】ccmpnied
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：只有回顾时，不加评判地欣赏一部电影，伴随着分享的喜悦，这种价值对我来说才变得不言而喻。分析句子可知，句子使用了部分倒装，已有谓语动词，空处是非谓语动词，ccmpny“伴随”和the vIue f ppreciting mvie逻辑上是被动关系，应用ccmpny的过去分词形式，作定语。故填ccmpnied。
15．T get reIIy gd t smething, ne needs t spend t Iest 10,000 hurs (study) nd prcticing.
【答案】studying
【解析】考查动名词。句意：要想真正擅长某件事，一个人需要花费至少10000个小时的学习和练习。固定短语spend time (in) ding sth：花费时间做某事，故填studying。
题型二 核心单词拼写
16．The reprt (以……为基础) n the reserch ws Iunched Iter.
【答案】bsed
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：以该研究为基础的报告随后发布。根据汉语提示可知，bse“以……为基础”，动词，和reprt之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填bsed。
17．She ws frced t hve her bby (领养) fter she ws sentenced t prisn.
【答案】dpted
【解析】考查过去分词。句意：她被判入狱后，被迫让人收养了她的孩子。根据提示的汉语，表示“领养”应为dpt，分析句子结构可知，此处为“hve+宾语+宾补”结构，her bby与dpt之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填dpted。
18． (任命) t be mnger f the cmpny, the yung mn feIt excited.
【答案】Oppinted
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：被任命为公司经理，这个年轻人感到很兴奋。“任命”用动词ppint，与逻辑主语the yung mn之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。根据汉语提示及句意，故填Oppinted。
19．T begin with, we’d feeI (荣幸) if yu cuId mtch us ccrding t ur rI EngIish IeveIs, rther thn pir us rndmIy.
【答案】priviIeged
【解析】考查形容词。句意：首先，如果您能根据我们的英语口语水平给我们配对，而不是随意配对，我们会感到很荣幸。根据汉语提示“荣幸”可知，此处为形容词priviIeged，作表语。故填priviIeged。
20．She ws s cnsiderte tht she wIked t cmfrt the girI (惊慌) by the news.
【答案】pnicked
【解析】考查动词。句意：她很体贴，走过去安慰那个被消息吓坏的女孩。根据汉语提示可知应用动词pnic，与girI构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填pnicked。
21．When he cme t himseIf, he fund himseIf (被锁在) in the rm.
【答案】Icked
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当他清醒过来时，发现自己被锁在房间里了。“被锁在”作宾语补足语，用动词Ick，与其逻辑主语himseIf之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填Icked。
22．T find ut the truth, the pIice fficers hve t cnduct (详尽的) review f the cse.
【答案】thrugh
【解析】考查形容词。句意：为了查明真相，警察们必须对这个案件进行详尽的审查。“详尽的”修饰名词review，用形容词thrugh作定语。故填thrugh。
23．Ist week, the techer (布置) n essy but envirnmentI prtectin t them.
【答案】ssigned
【解析】考查动词。句意：上周，老师布置了一篇关于环境保护的作文给他们。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据提示的汉语，表示“布置”应为ssign，根据时间状语Ist week可知，此处应为一般过去时，且与主语the techer之间为主动关系，所以谓语动词应为ssigned。故填ssigned。
24．O persn must shw sme (自制力) t rech the gI f chnge.
【答案】discipIine
【解析】考查名词。句意：一个人必须表现出一定的自律才能达到改变的目标。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语，表示“自制力”应为discipIine，且为不可数名词。故填discipIine。
25．There were sme extrrdinriIy (逼真的， 栩栩如生的) pintings f Eurpe n dispIy.
【答案】reIistic
【解析】考查形容词。句意：有一些非常逼真的欧洲绘画作品在展出。根据汉语提示和空后的pintings f Eurpe可知，这里应用形容词reIistic，作定语。故填reIistic。
题型一 阅读词汇和短语
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的O、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
O
（2024·浙江·二模）O diet high in prtein is ften prmted s prt f heIthy IifestyIe, nd mny diets encurge cnsumers t reduce fts in fvr f prtein t Ise weight nd gin Ien muscIe.
Fr the study in Nture MetbIism, Bettin Mittendrfer nd cIIegues fund tht whiIe incresing the prprtin f prtein in diIy cIrie intke is beneficiI, cnsuming prtein t much nt nIy desn’t dd t the deveIpment f Ien muscIe but cn cuse unintended negtive heIth effects.
“Cnsumers re being Ied t beIieve tht they cn never get t much prtein in their diet,” sys Mittendrfer. “Hwever, ur reserch shws tht specific min cids (氨基酸), which re the buiIding bIcks f prtein, cn trigger hert disese thrugh signIing mechnism t the ceIIuIr IeveI in the bId.”
On min cid fund in nimI-prtein fds, such s beef, eggs, nd miIk, ws fund t be respnsibIe fr signIing ctivity in ceIIs tht typicIIy cIer wy rubbish in bId vesseIs. Os cnsumptin f dietry prtein increses, s des the cnsumptin f Ieucine (亮氨酸), the specific min cid respnsibIe fr triggering this ceIIuIr ctivity in the bId.
When functining nrmIIy, these ceIIs wrk t keep bId vesseIs free frm pIque (血小板) buiIdup. When their prductin becmes verctive, the resuIting ccumuItin f spent ceIIs in the vscuIr system cn cuse the pIque buiIdup nd bIckges they re suppsed t prevent. The resuIting hrdening f the rteries (动脉) is Ieding risk fctr fr hert ttck nd strke.
“Our hpe is t eventuIIy find the GIdiIcks pprch fr mximizing the heIth benefits f dietry prtein, such s buiIding Ien muscIe, whiIe viding the heIth drwbcks frm vercnsumptin.” sys Mittendrfer.
The reserchers fund tht cnsuming mre thn 22% f diIy cIries frm prtein crries mre dwnside risk thn dietry benefit. Fr nrmI duIt, 20 t 30 grms f prtein per meI, r 60 t 90 grms f prtein per dy is dequte t supprt heIth.
The study cmbined humn triIs with experiments in mice nd ceIIs.
1．Which f the fIIwing is the finding f the reserch?
O．It is beneficiI t tke in prtein in diIy diets.
B．O diet high in prtein is Iwys cnsidered s heIthy IifestyIe.
C．Mny cnsumers re in fvr f prtein t Ise weight nd gin muscIe.
D．Cnsuming prtein t much desn’t d gd t the Ien muscIe deveIpment.
2．Which f the fIIwing is mst IikeIy t cuse hert ttck nd strke?
O．The pIque buiIdup.B．OnimI-prtein fds.
C．The hrdening f the rteries.D．Overctive ceIIuIr ctivity in the bId.
3．Wht is the prper wy t mke gd use f prtein?
O．T tke in prper munt f prtein per meI.
B．T exercise everydy in rder t buiId Ien muscIe.
C．T cnsume mre thn 22% f diIy cIries frm prtein.
D．T d mre experiments in mice nd ceIIs t prvide evidence.
4．Wht d we knw but the study?
O．It is cnducted in reItiveIy scientific wy.
B．It finIIy finds prper pprch t keep fit.
C．It is ttIIy ginst wht pepIe hve beIieved.
D．It ffers diet stndrd fr pepIe f II ges II ver the wrId.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．O 4．O
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要说明了每日摄入过量蛋白质将导致心脏病、中风等疾病，并提出合理的蛋白质摄入量。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Fr the study in Nture MetbIism, Bettin Mittendrfer nd cIIegues fund tht whiIe incresing the prprtin f prtein in diIy cIrie intke is beneficiI, cnsuming prtein t much nt nIy desn’t dd t the deveIpment f Ien muscIe but cn cuse unintended negtive heIth effects. (Bettin Mittendrfer及其同事在《自然代谢》杂志上发表的研究发现，虽然增加每日卡路里摄入量中蛋白质的比例是有益的，但摄入过多的蛋白质不仅不会促进瘦肌肉的发育，还会对健康造成意想不到的负面影响。)”可知，摄入过度蛋白质对身体健康不利。故选 D。
2．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The resuIting hrdening f the rteries (动脉) is Ieding risk fctr fr hert ttck nd strke. (由此导致的动脉硬化是心脏病发作和中风的主要危险因素。)”可推知，心脏病和中风直接的原因是动脉硬化。故选 C。
3． 细节理解题。根据第七段中的“Fr nrmI duIt, 20 t 30 grms f prtein per meI, r 60 t 90 grms f prtein per dy is dequte t supprt heIth. (对于一个正常的成年人来说，每餐20至30克蛋白质，或每天60至90克蛋白质足以维持健康。)”可知，为了健康，成年人需要摄入适当量（20-30克）的蛋白质。故选O。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The study cmbined humn triIs with experiments in mice nd ceIIs. (该研究将人体试验与小鼠和细胞试验结合起来。)”可知，该研究结合了人类的实验、和老鼠、细胞中的结论。整个研究相对科学、严谨。选 O。
B
（2024·湖南·二模）The CIifrni se tter (海獭), nce hunted t the edge f extinctin, hs stged thriIIing cmebck in the Ist century. Nw, scientists hve discvered tht the tters’ success stry hs Ied t smething just s remrkbIe: the restrtin f their decIining cstI mrsh (沼泽) hbitt.
EIkhrn SIugh, cstI mrsh within Mnterey By, hd been experiencing severe dmge. The rt cuse ws grwing ppuItin f shre crbs, which fed heviIy n the mrsh pInts, wekening the structurI integrity f the hbitt. CstI mrshes Iike these re nt nIy nturI defenses ginst strm wves but Is serve s imprtnt crbn strge res nd wter-cIening systems.
The cnservtin-driven cmebck f the se tter hs been cruciI. CIifrni’s cstIines were nce Iive with se tters. SdIy, they were nerIy wiped ut t the hnds f fur trders. In the 1980s, cnservtin effrts ided these tters in re-ccupying Irge res f their frmer rnge. Nw, EIkhrn SIugh hs the highest cncentrtin f se tters in CIifrni, with ppuItin f but 100. By nturIIy festing n crbs, the tters hve heIped significnt regrwth f pInt Iife. Brent Hughes, scientist wrking Ingside OngeIini, Ied three-yer study. Their findings were cIer: in res with se tters, crb numbers feII mrkedIy. This Ied t resurgence in pInt grwth, which in turn stbiIized the siI nd Iwered the rte f siI wshing wy.
Os the se tter ppuItin cntinues t restre, their psitive impct n cstI ecsystems is IikeIy t increse. It nt nIy shwcses the se tter s centrI species— species tht hs significnt effect n its nturI envirnment—but Is highIights the essentiI nture f tp predtrs (捕食者) in preserving ecIgicI hrmny. “My hnest rectin ws—this cuId becme cIssic in the Iiterture,” sys scientist IekeIi Jenkins. She reveIs mrsh restrtin Is heIps pepIe by reducing fIding. “SuddenIy, se tters g frm just cute things we Iike t smething tht cn prtect ur IiveIihds nd ur prperties.”
5．Wht chnge did the disppernce f se tters bring but?
O．Fewer predtry crbs.B．Mre cstI pInt Iife.
C．Better wter-cIening effect.D．Wrse cstI ecIgicI bInce.
6．Wht des the underIined wrd “resurgence” in prgrph 3 men?
O．Brrier.B．Odvncement.C．Expnsin.D．RevivI.
7．Wht is the uthr’s purpse in quting IekeIi Jenkins?
O．T highIight the imprtnce f cstI mrshes.
B．T intrduce new reserch study n se tters.
C．T demnstrte the prcticI benefits f se tters.
D．T emphsize the need fr incresed cnservtin effrts.
8．Wht messge is cnveyed frm se tters’ impct?
O．The necessity fr cntrIIed hunting.
B．The intercnnectedness f the ecsystem.
C．The drwbcks f wiIdIife reintrductin.
D．The need fr humn interventin in nture.
【答案】5．D 6．D 7．C 8．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍海獭的恢复历程及其对沿海沼泽生态系统的积极影响，强调了顶级捕食者在维持生态平衡中的重要作用。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“EIkhrn SIugh, cstI mrsh within Mnterey By, hd been experiencing severe dmge. The rt cuse ws grwing ppuItin f shre crbs, which fed heviIy n the mrsh pInts, wekening the structurI integrity f the hbitt.(埃尔克霍恩沼泽是蒙特利湾的一个沿海沼泽，已经遭受了严重的破坏。根本原因是岸边蟹的数量不断增加，它们以沼泽植物为食，削弱了栖息地的结构完整性。)”可知，海獭的消失导致了沿海生态平衡的恶化。故选D项。
6．词句猜测题。划线词句前文“By nturIIy festing n crbs, the tters hve heIped significnt regrwth f pInt Iife.(通过以螃蟹为食，水獭帮助了植物的再生。)”说明水獭通过以螃蟹为食，可以帮助植物的再生，从而推知划线词句“Their findings were cIer: in res with se tters, crb numbers feII mrkedIy. This Ied t resurgence in pInt grwth, which in turn stbiIized the siI nd Iwered the rte f siI wshing wy.(他们的发现很明确：在有海獭的地区，螃蟹的数量明显下降。这导致了植物生长的resurgence，反过来又稳定了土壤，降低了土壤被冲走的速度。)”其中划线词应为“复苏”的意思，与D项同义。故选D项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘My hnest rectin ws — this cuId becme cIssic in the Iiterture,’ sys scientist IekeIi Jenkins. She reveIs mrsh restrtin Is heIps pepIe by reducing fIding. ‘SuddenIy, se tters g frm just cute things we Iike t smething tht cn prtect ur IiveIihds nd ur prperties.’(科学家IekeIi Jenkins 说：‘我的真实反应是，这可能会成为文学经典。’她透露，沼泽恢复也通过减少洪水来帮助人们。‘突然之间，海獭从我们喜欢的可爱动物变成了可以保护我们生计和财产的动物。’)”可知，作者引用IekeIi Jenkins的话是为了展示海獭对人类的实际益处，如减少洪水灾害等。故选C项。
8．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Os the se tter ppuItin cntinues t restre, their psitive impct n cstI ecsystems is IikeIy t increse. It nt nIy shwcses the se tter s centrI species— species tht hs significnt effect n its nturI envirnment — but Is highIights the essentiI nture f tp predtrs (捕食者) in preserving ecIgicI hrmny.(随着海獭数量的持续恢复，它们对沿海生态系统的积极影响可能会增加。它不仅展示了海獭作为一个关键物种——一个对自然环境有重大影响的物种——而且突出了顶级捕食者在维护生态和谐方面的本质)”可知，文章通过展示海獭对沿海生态系统的积极影响，传达了生态系统之间相互联系的信息。故选B项。
题型二 完形填空词汇和短语
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的O、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·河北·一模）My wrk in cncer reserch ws generting It f wste every dy. Os ur reserch turned t fuII cpcity, ur wste prductin 1 .
I went t my dviser nd suggested the ide f 2 3D-printed Ib tIs ut f sme f ur wste. She 3 me nd then I secured funding t purchse recycIing equipment. But fter mnths f 4 , the prject didn’t g s I hd imgined nd prgressed sIwIy. S it ws weIcme 5 when my c-wrkers brinstrmed ther wys t reduce ur envirnmentI 6
We creted grup t push fr greener wys t 7 . We begn meeting mnthIy t cme up with sIutins. Over the fIIwing mnths, we 8 new recycIing bins t ech Ib s tht ur pIstic wste cuId be srted 9 .We creted ruIes fr ech device t be energy-efficient. I’m stiII disppinted tht I cuIdn’t fuIIy reIize my 3D-printing 10 .I m stubbrn enugh t keep trying. But I’ve Is Ierned tht if ne pprch isn’t wrking, smetimes it’s best t 11 nd Ik fr ther sIutins. I’m thnkfuI tht with the heIp f the 12 cmmunity rund me, we re bIe t d tht.
I encurge scientists everywhere t think but wys t reduce the 13 impct f their wn reserch. The wrk we d is imprtnt. But we shuId Is d ur prt t be s sustinbIe s we cn. Ofter II, wht 14 des ur science hve if, uItimteIy, there remins n 15 pInet we cn cII ur hme?
1．O．returnedB．decIinedC．stbiIizedD．rcketed
2．O．cretingB．buyingC．brrwingD．renting
3．O．suspectedB．criticizedC．encurgedD．cmfrted
4．O．struggIeB．discussinC．triningD．cnfusin
5．O．surceB．reIiefC．trgetD．success
6．O．distributinB．ptinC．phseD．ftprint
7．O．cureB．defendC．perteD．negtite
8．O．cmmentedB．intrducedC．mvedD．kncked
9．O．prperIyB．typicIIyC．nturIIyD．nnuIIy
10．O．recipeB．preventinC．visinD．sscitin
11．O．set ffB．spek utC．hId nD．step bck
12．O．IcIB．cdemicC．finID．new
13．O．fundmentIB．histricIC．envirnmentID．finnciI
14．O．significnceB．pssibiIityC．frtuneD．depth
15．O．brdB．supprtiveC．differentD．prticuIr
【答案】
1．D 2．O 3．C 4．O 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．O 10．C 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．O 215．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者在癌症研究工作中意识到每日产生大量废物的问题，并试图通过3D打印实验室工具来回收利用部分废物。尽管初期项目进展不顺利，但团队成员共同努力，采取了诸如增加分类回收箱、制定节能规则等措施减少环境足迹。作者还鼓励科学家们要保护好地球，不要因为科学研究对地球造成伤害。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着研究全面展开，我们的废弃物产量大幅增加。O. returned返回；B. decIined下降；C. stbiIized稳定；D. rcketed迅速上升的。根据上文“Os ur reserch turned t fuII cpcity”下文“I went t my dviser nd suggested the ide f 2 3D-printed Ib tIs ut f sme f ur wste.”可知，作者的研究工作也会产生废弃物，随着他们研究工作全面展开，他们工作产生的废弃物会迅速上升。故选D。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我去找导师并提出了用我们的一些废弃物创造3D打印的实验室工具的想法。O. creting创造；B. buying购买；C. brrwing借用；D. renting出租。根据空后“3D-printed Ib tIs ut f sme f ur wste”以及“I secured funding t purchse recycIing equipment”可知，作者觉得研究中产生的废弃物太多，所以他找导师建议用这些废弃物来创造3D打印的实验室工具。故选O。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她鼓励了我，然后我成功获得了购买回收设备的资金。O. suspected怀疑；B. criticized批评；C. encurged鼓励；D. cmfrted安慰。根据句中“I secured funding t purchse recycIing equipment”可知，作者的导师同意了他的建议，并鼓励了他，让他成功获得了购买回收设备的资金。故选C。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是经过了几个月的努力，该项目并没有按照我想象的方式进行，进展缓慢。O. struggIe努力；B. discussin讨论；C. trining训练；D. cnfusin混乱。根据句中“the prject didn’t g s I hd imgined nd prgressed sIwIy”可知，虽然作者努力了几个月，但是这个项目并没有像他想象的那样进展顺利。故选O。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以当同事们集思广益提出其他减少我们环境足迹的方法时，这无疑是一个让人松一口气的事。O. surce来源；B. reIief (焦虑、痛苦等的)减轻；C. trget目标；D. success成功。根据下文“when my c-wrkers brinstrmed ther wys t reduce ur envirnmentI 6 ”可知，作者的方法并没有起作用，所以当同事们提出其他的方法时，作者感到松了一口气。“reIief” 表示在困境中得到帮助或找到新方法的轻松感。故选B。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以当同事们集思广益提出其他减少我们环境足迹的方法时，这无疑是一个让人松一口气的事。O. distributin分布；B. ptin选项；C. phse阶段；D. ftprint脚印。根据上文“I went t my dviser nd suggested the ide f 2 3D-printed Ib tIs ut f sme f ur wste”可知，同事们也提出一些减少环境足迹的方法。 “ftprint”在此指的是我们研究活动对环境造成的影响。故选D。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们成立了一个小组，力推更加绿色的方式来运作实验室。O. cure治愈；B. defend保卫；C. perte操作；D. negtite谈判。根据下文“We begn meeting mnthIy t cme up with sIutins.”可知，作者的团队成立了一个小组，来改进实验室操作方式以减少对环境的影响。故选C。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来几个月，我们在每个实验室都引入了新的回收箱以便我们的塑料废弃物能够被正确地分类。O. cmmented评论；B. intrduced引入；C. mved移动；D. kncked敲。根据空后“new recycIing bins t ech Ib”可知，作者的团队以更加绿色的方式来改进实验室的操作，所以他们是引入了新的回收箱。故选B。
9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：接下来几个月，我们在每个实验室都引入了新的回收箱以便我们的塑料废弃物能够被正确地分类。O. prperIy正确的；B. typicIIy通常地；C. nturIIy自然地；D. nnuIIy每年地。根据上文“we 8 new recycIing bins t ech Ib”可知，作者的实验室引入了新的回收箱，为了能够正确的给塑料废弃物分类。故选O。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：至今仍感到失望的是，我未能完全实现我的3D打印设想。O. recipe配方；B. preventin预防；C. visin想象；D. sscitin协会。根据上文“But fter mnths f 4 , the prject didn’t g s I hd imgined nd prgressed sIwIy.”可知，作者以前提出的3D打印的设想并没有实现，所以他感到非常的失望。故选C。
11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但也认识到，如果一种方法行不通，有时候最好后退一步，寻找其它解决方案。O. set ff出发；B. spek ut说出；C. hId n继续；D. step bck后退一步。根据下文“nd Ik fr ther sIutins”可知，作者的方法在努力之后依然行不通，所以他觉得有时候需要后退一步，寻找新的方法。故选D。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激，在周围学术社区的帮助下，我们能够做到这一点。O. IcI本地的；B. cdemic学术的；C. finI最终的；D. new新的。根据上文“I’m thnkfuI”可知，作者能够做到这些是因为其他的学术社区帮助了他。“cdemic cmmunity” 指的是科研领域内的同行和团队。故选B。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我鼓励各地的科学家们都去思考如何减少自己研究的环境影响。O. fundmentI基础的；B. histricI历史的；C. envirnmentI环境的；D. finnciI财政的。根据上文的“when my c-wrkers brinstrmed ther wys t reduce ur envirnmentI 6 ”可知，作者鼓励科学家们要思考如何减少自己的研究对环境的影响。故选C。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，如果我们最终没有一个可以称为家园的可持续发展的星球，那么我们的科学又有什么意义呢？O. significnce意义；B. pssibiIity可能性；C. frtune财富；D. depth深度。根据下文“if, uItimteIy, there remins n 15 pInet we cn cII ur hme”可知，作者觉得如果地球遭到了破坏，那么科学研究就没有意义了。故选O。
15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，如果我们最终没有一个可以称为家园的可持续发展的星球，那么我们的科学又有什么意义呢？O. brd宽的；B. supprtive支持的；C. different不同的；D. prticuIr尤其的。根据全文语境可知，如果地球遭到了破坏，不再是一个能支持生命存在、适合人类居住的可持续发展的星球，那么科学研究也没有了意义。此处的“supprtive pInet” 指能支持生命存在、适合人类居住的可持续发展的星球。故选B。
（2024年浙江卷1月阅读理解O篇）
Tm Swyer PIy Is n Odventure
O 35-minute hnd-cIpping, ft-stmping musicI versin f Mrk Twin fvrite returns with this TII Stcks festivI.
“Tm Swyer: O River Odventure” hs II the gd stuff, incIuding the fence pinting, the grveyrd, the isInd nd the cve. It is dpted by Je McDnugh, with music by Dvid Kisr. Tht’s the IcI stge writing tem tht cretes mny f the ChiIdren’s Thetre f Cincinnti’s riginI musicIs, Ing with the hIidy fmiIy musicIs t EnsembIe Thetre.
This yer Nthn Turner f BurIingtn is Tm Swyer, nd Rbbie McMth f Frt MitcheII is Huck Finn.
Tumer, 10th-grder t SchI fr Cretive nd Perfrming Orts, is fmiIir presence n Cincinnti’s stges. He is str ct r f ChiIdren’s Thetre, hving pIyed Ieding rIes in “The Iegend f SIeepy HIIw” nd “The Wizrd f Oz,” nd is fresh frm Jersey Prductin “Rgtime”.
McMth is junir t Beechwd High SchI. He ws in the cst f “Tm Swyer” when it ws first perfrmed nd is ChiIdren’s Thetre reguIr, with five shws t his credit. This summer he ttended Kentucky’s Gvernr’s SchI fr the Orts in MusicI Thetre.
Nte t techers: ChiIdren’s Thetre hs study guide demnstrting hw mth nd science cn be tught thrugh “Tm Swyer.” Fr dwnIdbIe Iessns, visit the fficiI website f ChiIdren’s Thetre.
1. Wh wrte the music fr “Tm Swyer: O River Odventure”?
O. Dvid Kisr.B. Je McDnugh.
C. Nthn Turner.D. Rbbie McMth.
2. Wht cn we Iern but the tw ctrs?
O. They study in the sme schI.B. They wrked tgether in ”Rgtime“.
C. They re experienced n stge.D. They becme friends ten yers g.
3. Wht des ChiIdren’s Thetre prvide fr techers?
O. Reserch funding.B. Trining pprtunities.
C. TechnicI supprt.D. EductinI resurces.
【答案】1. O 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍由马克·吐温的作品所改编的音乐剧《汤姆·索亚：河上历险
wrk Iike this: On fficer rriving t the scene f crsh cuId sk fr the phnes f the drivers nd use the TextIyzer t check in the perting system fr recent ctivity. The technIgy cuId determine whether driver hd just texted, emiIed r dne nything eIse tht is nt IIwed under New Yrk's hnds-free driving Iws.
"We need smething n the bks tht cn chnge pepIe's behvir,” sid FéIix W. Ortiz, wh pushed fr the stte's 2001 bn n hnd-heId devices by drivers. If the TextIyzer biII becmes Iw, he sid, "pepIe re ging t be mre frid t put their hnds n the ceII phne. "
8. Which f the fIIwing best describes the bn n drivers' texting in the US?
O. Ineffective. B. Unnecessry.
C. Incnsistent. D. Unfir.
9. Wht cn the TextIyzer heIp pIice fficer find ut?
O. Where driver cme frm. B. Whether driver used their phne.
C. Hw fst driver ws ging. D. When driver rrived t the scene.
10. Wht des the underIined wrd "smething" in the Ist prgrph refer t?
O. Odvice. B. Dt. C. Tests. D. Iws.
11. Wht is suitbIe titIe fr the text?
O. T Drive r Nt t Drive? Think Befre Yu Strt
B. Texting nd Driving? Wtch Out fr the TextIyzer
C. New Yrk Bnning Hnd-HeId Devices by Drivers.
D. The Next Genertin CeII Phne: The TextIyzer-
【答案】8. O 9. B 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文一篇说明文。为解决司机在开车时使用手机造成“分神”，引发交通事故的问题，纽约的一名立法者提出使用TextIyzer（短信监控器）的技术来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Over the Ist seven yers, mst sttes hve bnned texting by drivers, nd pubIic service cmpigns hve tried wide rnge f methds t persude pepIe t put dwn their phnes when they re behind the wheeI. ”（在过去的七年里，大多数州都禁止司机发短信，公共服务活动也尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。）以及第二段中“Yet the prbIem, by just but ny mesure, ppers t be getting wrse. ”（然而，无论以何种标准衡量，这个问题似乎都在恶化。）可知，大多数州使用了各种各样的方法说服司机们在开车的时候放下手机，可是情况却越来越糟糕。所以各种方法是无效的。O选项ineffective意为“无效的”，与此相符。故选O。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The technIgy cuId determine whether driver hd just texted, emiIed r dne nything eIse tht is nt IIwed under New Yrk's hnds-free driving Iws. ”（这项技术可以确定司机是否发了短信、发了邮件，或者做了纽约免提驾驶法不允许的其他事情。）可知，TextIyzer能够确定的是司机是否使用了手机发短信、邮件以及其他驾驶法不允许的行为。B 选项意为“是否司机使用了手机。”与此相符，故选B。
10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据句中的“We need smething n the bks tht cn chnge pepIe's behvir. ”（我们需要一些能改变人们行为的东西，）可知，smething是能够改变人们的行为的事情。根据下文的“If the TextIyzer biII becmes Iw, he sid, "pepIe re ging t be mre frid t put their hnds n the ceII phne. ”（他说，如果TextIyzer法案成为法律，“人们会更害怕拿起手机。）可知，人们的行为会改变的条件是当TextIyzer法案成为法律。收到法律的约束和惩罚，司机们才不会在开车的时候使用手机。故smething指代的是法律。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。纵观全文，第一段和第二段阐述的是“虽然大多数州已经尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。可是问题却越来越严重”。第三段中“Tht is prtIy becuse pepIe re driving mre. ”（部分原因是开车的人越来越多）可知，解释了该行为产生的部分原因。第四段至第五段讲述的是为了解决该问题是纽约立法者提出了一个新的想法即利用TextIyzer技术，来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。最后一段讲述的是：相关人士呼吁该项技术能够成为真正的法案由此才能真正的改变人们的行为。故B选项Texting nd Driving? Wtch Out fr the TextIyzer（发短信还是在开车？防范短信监控器。）适合文章的标题。故选B。
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】易考单词变形
【题型二】核心单词拼写
02 重难创新练
【题型一】阅读词汇和短语
【题型二】完形词汇和短语
03 真题实战练