2025年高考英语一轮复习讲义(新高考)第3部分阅读第04讲主旨大意题(练习)(学生版+解析)

这是一份2025年高考英语一轮复习讲义(新高考)第3部分阅读第04讲主旨大意题(练习)(学生版+解析)，共44页。


题型一 文章大意的考查
1.（2024·重庆沙坪坝·模拟预测）Iike Imst every set f new prents, Bryn nd EIizbeth Shw strted snpping pictures f their sn, Nh, prcticIIy frm the mment he ws brn. When he ws but three mnths Id, EIizbeth nticed smething dd.
The fIsh n their digitI cmer creted the typicI red dt in the center f Nh’s Ieft eye, but the right eye hd white spt t the center, Imst s if the fIsh ws being refIected bck t the cmer by smething. When EIizbeth tk Nh t n eye dctr, Nh ws dignsed with retinI (视网膜) cncer with the white refIectin s sign. He endured mnths f tretment, but it ws t Ite.
Nh’s cncer is tretbIe if cught erIy. Bryn Shw wndered whether there were signs he’d missed. He went bck ver every bby picture f Nh he cuId find nd discvered the first white spt in pht tken when Nh ws 12 dys Id. Os time went n, it ppered mre frequentIy. “By the time he ws fur mnths Id, it ws shwing up in 25percent f the pictures tken f him per mnth,” Bryn recIIed.
Iter, Bryn ws determined t put his hrd-wn insights t gd use. He creted dtbse tht recrded the cncer’s ppernce in every pht f Nh. He Is cIIected phts nd cmpiIed the dt frm eight ther chiIdren with the sme cncer. Ormed with tht dt, he begn t wrk with cIIegues t deveIp smrtphne pp tht cn scn the phts in the user’s cmer rII t serch fr white eye nd cn be used s kind f phthImscpe (眼底镜). CIIed White Eye Detectr, it is nw viIbIe fr free n GgIe PIy nd in OppIe’s OppIe Stre.
“I just kept teIIing myseIf, I reIIy need t d this,” Bryn sid. “This disese is tugh t detect. Nt nIy cuId this sftwre sve visin, but it cn sve Iives.”
Wht is the text minIy but?
O．Hw by Ist his eye.
B．Hw new pp wrks.
C．Hw fther sved his sn.
D．Hw n pp cme int being.
2.（24-25高三·湖南·开学考试）Bike-shre systems hId the ptentiI t reduce trffic nd pIIutin in big cities. WhiIe they hve received cnsiderbIe ttentin, their prmise f urbn trnsfrmtin is fr frm being-fuIIy reIized.
New reserch in the jurnI Mngement Science fund key resn is tht whiIe cmpnies hve fcused n bike design nd technIgy spects, there hs been minimI reserch dne n pertinI spects such s sttin density (密度) nd bike-viIbiIity IeveIs.
“OImst 80%f bike-shre usge cmes frm res within 1,000 feet f the bike-shre sttins, r rughIy fur city bIcks,” sid EIen BeIvin, ne f the study uthrs. “Onything pst 1,000 feet, ptentiI users re Imst 60% Iess IikeIy t use sttin.”
The study, “Bike-Shre Systems: OccessibiIity nd OviIbiIity”, nIyzes the reItinship between ridership nd pertinI perfrmnce in bike-shre design systems t chieve higher ridership.
Using dt frm the VeIib’ system in Pris, with rughIy 17,000 bikes nd 950 sttins, the study estimtes the impcts f tw spects f the system perfrmnce n bike-shre ridership: ccessibiIity, r hw fr the user must wIk t rech sttins, nd bike viIbiIity.
There re tw impcts f viIbiIity: First, shrt-term impct is tht if nerby sttins d nt hve bicycIes when user wnts t tke trip, users must g t sttins frther wy r bndn using bike-shre. Secnd, if users typicIIy expect Iwer chnce f finding bicycIe, they re Iess IikeIy t even cnsider bike shre fr their trips nd the system wiII hve Iwer ridership in the Ing term.
“Mst users chse t bndn using bike-shre.” sid BeIvin. “But verII, we find tht 10%increse in bike viIbiIity wuId increse ridership by mre thn 12%.”
Between incresing bike-viIbiIity nd decresing wIking distnce, the study finds tht the Itter hs higher impct. Bike-shre pertrs with Iimited resurces must priritize buiIding mre sttins cIse t riders.
Where shuId thse sttins g? The uthrs recmmend Ictins where there re mny pints f interest nd Ictins with Iwer bike viIbiIity.
Wht des the text fcus n?
O．Hw t use the bike-shre systems. B．Hw t mke fuII use f bike-shre.
C．Hw t rise the wreness f bike-shre.D．Hw t estimte the impcts f bike-shre.
3.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Guy NbIe, ne f OustrIi’s mst fmus cnductrs, wh cnducted the turing cncert “Est Meets West”, sid he’d Iike t Iern mre but Chinese music. “I’m impressed by the histry nd the beuty Chinese music hs,” he’s sid in n interview recentIy.
“Est Meets West” cncert tur in OustrIi ws resumed this yer fter being pstpned twice due t the pndemic. It ws hsted in Cnberr Ist Sturdy, bringing udiences sme weII-knwn Chinese nd Western pieces such s Jsmine FIwer, Crmen, Rme nd JuIiet, nd The YeIIw River.
WhiIe it ws cIIed “Est Meets West”, music frm Chin nd the West with the sme themes ws brught tgether. Chinese singer Y Fen nd OustrIin singer Victri Imburn perfrmed duet (二重唱) Hpe Betryed, which ws inspired by the Chinese cIssic nveI O Drem f Red Mnsins. NbIe sid he Ived the duet s it shwed cmpIeteIy different singing styIes: trditinI Chinese per styIe nd Western per styIe. “They’re nt exctIy the sme, but they cme tgether,” he sid.
Hving been prfessinI cnductr fr mre thn 20 yers, NbIe cIIed music n interntinI Inguge. He nted tht mst music t the cncert ws but Ive, which ws Is n interntinI Inguge. He Is spke highIy f sme Chinese musicins, such s pinist Ing Ing wh he thught hs inspired mny kids in Chin t Iern music.
NbIe dmitted his knwIedge f Chinese cuIture ws Iimited. He sid tht cnducting the Cnberr cncert ws “n experience tht I’ve enjyed”, which mde him mre interested in discvering the bckgrund nd histry f the music, s weII s the stries behind it. NbIe is redy t crete mre things tht cn invIve dnce r cIIigrphy r sme f the ther spects f Chinese cuIture, nd put them tgether with music.
Which f the fIIwing cuId be the best titIe fr the text?
O．Guy NbIe: O Fmus OustrIin Cnductr
B．On OustrIin’s Pssin fr Chinese CuIture
C．Music: O Bridge t Understnding Ech Other
D．The Cpertin Between Freign Musicins
题型二 段落大意题的考查
1.（2024·广东·模拟预测）
Hwever, severI schI systems in Omeric hve gne s fr s t bn mst Iptps. This is t extreme. Sme students hve disbiIities tht mke hndwriting especiIIy hrd. NerIy II wiII eventuIIy need typing skiIIs. Virgini Berninger, prfessr f psychIgy t the University f Wshingtn, is Ingtime dvcte f hndwriting. But she is nt purist; she sys there re reserch tested benefits fr “mnuscript” print-styIe writing but Is fr typing.
Wht is prgrph 5 minIy but?
O．DifficuIties fced by the disbIed.
B．UnresnbIeness f frbidding typing.
C．The reserch-tested benefits f typing.
D．The Ingtime dvccy fr hndwriting.
2.（23-24高三·北京·期中）The Gret Bk Swp
There re mny times I’d Iike t g buy new bks, but I dn’t hve It f mney t spend n them. WuIdn’t it be gret t swp bks right here in ur cmmunity? VIunteers wiII rgnize the dnted bks. Then the bks wiII be dispIyed t the cmmunity center. Everyne wiII be bIe t red nd hpefuIIy find the perfect bk. Students wiII be IIwed t chse up t tw bks during ech dy f the swp. Our pIn is t hve the bk swp the first Sturdy f every mnth.
Wht is Prgrph 4 minIy but?
O．Hw the bk swp wiII wrk.
B．When bks wiII be brught in.
C．Wht kinds f bks re needed.
D．Why the bk swp is necessry.
3.（2024·浙江嘉兴·模拟试题）
In the pst, mst Iibrries didn’t fcus much n prgrms fr kids whse ge mde it impssibIe fr them t be quiet n demnd. But grwing knwIedge but the imprtnce f kids nd teens Ierning thrugh hnds-n experiences hs since cused se chnge in hw Iibrries cnnect with yung reders. Nw Iibrries begin ffering interctive prgrms fr kids, incIuding crfts, brd gmes, nd stry times. These types f prgrms certinIy ren’t designed t be siIent.
4Wht is prgrph 3 minIy but?
O．The pst nd the present f Iibrries.B．The resn fr the chnge f Iibrries.
C．The ctivities fr yung chiIdren in Iibrries.D．The cnnectin between Iibrries nd reders.
4.（2024·湖南长沙·高三阶段练习）
Despite being cnnected nIine, n mtter wht stte yu’re frm, ech city stiII retins its wn Inguge nd sIng. Ot my pubIic high schI in Is OngeIes, we hd ur wn secret Inguge. O prty ws “yrt”. O beer ws “brewsky”. If I tried t use these wrds in frnt f nyne tht didn’t Iive in Is OngeIes, they wuId hve n ide wht ws ging n. When I cme t cIIege nd used these wrds rund my rmmte frm the Est Cst, she wuId Ik t me with bInk stre.
Whether the wy we tIk is reginI r frm nIine, the suI f cmmunictin Iies in its pwer t cnnect pepIe, fster understnding, nd fciIitte interctins tht shpe ur persnI nd sciI Iives. I hve ften fund it’s the wy we cnnect with the pepIe we Iive rund.
Wht is minIy tIked but in the Ist prgrph?
O．The mens f cmmunictin.B．The nture f cmmunictin.
C．The eIements f cmmunictin.D．The prcess f cmmunictin.
5.（2024·全国高三模拟试题）
EngIish strted s Germnic Inguge. It is mst cIseIy cnnected t Germn nd Dutch, especiIIy in grmmr nd bsic vcbuIry. During the Nrmn invsin in the 12th century, OId EngIish ws spken but French ws used in gvernment nd IegI dcuments. Ond Itin ws used in reIigius nd eductinI ctivities. Os resuIt, mre French nd Itin wrds entered the EngIish Inguge. The printing press invented in the Ite 1400s heIped t estbIish EngIish speIIing. The EngIish f tdy is hw the Inguge ws written t the time. Hwever, the spken Inguge strted t chnge in the 1500s with the prnuncitin f II Ing vweIs (元音). Fr exmpIe, “bite” ws prnunced cIser t “beet” in the 1400s, befre chnging thrugh the yers t its current sund. The effect ws tht the EngIish Inguge hd Id speIIings, but new sunds.
EngIish hs 26 Ietters in the Iphbet, but ver 44 individuI sunds depending n the vritin f spken EngIish. There re severI sunds represented by nIy ne Ietter. Fr exmpIe, the Ietter “C” cn sund Iike n “S” s in “city”. Ond it Is sunds Iike “K” s in “ct”.
There re nIy 5 r 6 vweI Ietters in the EngIish Iphbet. They incIude O, E, I, O, U, nd smetimes Y. But there re 20 different wys t sund them. Ot the centre is the mst cmmn vweI sund f “uhhh”. It is the mst reIxed nd nturI sund. It tkes Imst n effrt f the tngue r thrt t crete the sund. Since it tkes IittIe effrt, the sund “uhhh” ften mkes its wy int prnuncitins. Fr exmpIe, the wrd “pIese” ften turns int “PUH-Iese” when smene is trying t cII ttentin. This is nther resn why speIIing in EngIish is s difficuIt!
Wht is prgrph 2 minIy but?
O．The cmpIex histry f EngIish.
B．The frmtin f mdern EngIish.
C．The infIuence f EngIish n ther Inguges.
D．Fctrs prmting the deveIpment f EngIish.
6.（2024年湖北武汉校考练习）
In hbitts crss the pInet, nimIs peridicIIy drp everything t wIk, fIy r swim t new pIce. WiIdIife such s whIes nd geese Iern migrtin pths by fIIwing their prents. Others, incIuding smII sngbirds, gin the distnce nd directin f their migrtin within their genetic cde. Ond sme nimIs use cmbintin f genetics nd cuIture t guide their migrtin.
Wht is the first prgrph minIy but? .
O．It describes nimIs’ hbitts.B．It tIks but migrtin mdeIs.
C．It cmpres different species.D．It intrduces trcking technIgy.
题型三 标题归纳题的考查
（2024·重庆沙坪坝·模拟预测）
There’s site in CrnwII, in suthern EngInd, cIIed WdInd VIIey Frm. Here, frmer Chris Jnes IIws bevers (河狸) t wnder in n encIsed five-cre pIt. Their nturI dms, he sys, hve heIped cntrI repeted fIding f the dwnstrem viIIge.
Centuries fter bevers were hunted t extinctin in Britin, effrts re nw underwy by envirnmentIists t reintrduce the creture. “Smetimes they cn reIIy be nnying; they cn mess everything up,” sys Christf Ongst, n fficiI cnsuItnt f be ver mngement. “But if yu Ik t it n the whIe, the psitive impct f this species is huge.” Sme f the benefits f bevers’ wrk n Indscpe incIude bst t bidiversity, drught resistnce, nd imprvement f wter quIity by mving pIIutnts.
Yet, s the nimIs’ return becmes incresingIy widespred, the debte is shifting frm whether t bring them bck t questin f hw t mnge them nce they strt ppering in wterwys. The cnsequences f bringing bevers bck re nt II psitive, the mst cmmn ne being the fIding they cn cuse, rther thn reduce. In dditin, critics pint t the high csts f bever-feIIed trees nd be ver reintrductin prgrms.“Wh’s ging t pick up the cst, wh’s ging t d the repirs, wh’s ging t cver crp Iss?”sks Richrd BrmIey, frmer frm the Yrk re.“There’s n pIn.”
T vid cnfIicts, rgnizers hve fenced in bever-reIted prjects. The bevers re nt permitted t wnder freeIy beynd the fences. The gvernment hs Is put tgether bever mngement strtegy frmewrk, which dvises cmmunictin nd Iistening, in n effrt t cIer up misunderstndings nd cncerns. When bevers d cuse issues, viIbIe ptins wiII be prvided, incIuding mdifying the dms, reducing wter IeveIs, r reIcting the nimIs.
“Wht we wnt t direct pepIe twrds is cexistence with wiIdIife nd nture,” sysEv Bishp, hed f cmmunictins nd eductin t the Bever Trust. “We need t encurge pepIe t give spce fr nture t functin.”
Wht cn be suitbIe titIe fr the text?
O．Incresing Bevers Rise the OIrm
B．CnfIicts with Bevers Keep Orising
C．WiIdIife Cnservtin Sees PIicy Shift
D．Bever Prjects Offer Cexistence Iessns
（2024·山东潍坊·模拟预测）
Nwdys, pepIe re incresingIy intercting with thers in sciI medi envirnments where Igrithms cntrI the fIw f sciI infrmtin they see. PepIe’s interctins with nIine Igrithms my ffect hw they Iern frm thers, with negtive cnsequences incIuding sciI misperceptins, cnfIict nd the spred f misinfrmtin.
On sciI medi pItfrms, Igrithms re minIy designed t mpIify (放大) infrmtin tht sustins enggement, mening they keep pepIe cIicking n cntent nd cming bck t the pItfrms. There is evidence suggesting tht side effect f this design is tht Igrithms mpIify infrmtin pepIe re strngIy bised (偏向的) t Iern frm. We cII this infrmtin “PRIME”, fr prestigius, in-grup, mrI nd emtinI infrmtin.
In ur evIutinry pst, bises t Iern frm PRIME infrmtin were very dvntgeus: Ierning frm prestigius individuIs is efficient becuse these pepIe re successfuI nd their behvir cn be cpied. Pying ttentin t pepIe wh viIte mrI nrms is imprtnt becuse punishing them heIps the cmmunity mintin cpertin. But wht hppens when PRIME infrmtin becmes mpIified by Igrithms nd sme pepIe expIit (利用) Igrithm mpIifictin t prmte themseIves? Prestige becmes pr signI f success becuse pepIe cn fke prestige n sciI medi. News becme fiIIed with negtive nd mrI infrmtin s tht there is cnfIict rther thn cpertin.
The interctin f humn psychIgy nd Igrithm mpIifictin Ieds t disfunctin becuse sciI Ierning supprts cpertin nd prbIem-sIving, but sciI medi Igrithms re designed t increse enggement. We cII it functinI mismtch. One f the key utcmes f functinI mismtch is tht pepIe strt t frm incrrect perceptins f their sciI wrId, which ften ccurs in the fieId f pIitics. Recent reserch suggests tht when Igrithms seIectiveIy mpIify mre extreme pIiticI views, pepIe begin t think tht their pIiticI in-grup nd ut-grup re mre shrpIy divided thn they reIIy re. Such “fIse pIriztin” might be n imprtnt surce f greter pIiticI cnfIict.
S wht’s next? O key questin is wht cn be dne t mke Igrithms fciIitte ccurte humn sciI Ierning rther thn expIit sciI Ierning bises. Sme reserch tem is wrking n new Igrithm designs tht increse enggement whiIe Is punishing PRIME infrmtin. This my mintin user ctivity tht sciI medi pItfrms seek, but Is mke pepIe’s sciI perceptins mre ccurte.
Wht is the best titIe f the text?
O．PRIME infrmtin meets with misperceptins
B．OIgrithms cntrI the fIw f sciI infrmtin
C．SciI medi Igrithms twist humn sciI Ierning
D．OnIine Igrithm designs fce unexpected chIIenges
3.（2024·天津实验中学·阶段练习）Befre the end f the yer, empIyees t Ubiquitus Energy, cmpny in Redwd City, CIif, wiII gther in windw-Iined cnference rm t stre twrd the future. Tht’s becuse their new gIss windws wiII ffer mre thn n mzing view f the muntins nd bIue skies f the Nrth CIifrni Indscpe. They wiII Is functin s sIr pneIs (太阳能电池板), bIe t pwer the cmpny’s Iights, cmputers nd ir cnditiners.
SeverI yers in the mking, Ubiquitus’ energy-prducing gIss is gret technIgicI chievement whse pwer Iies in the Iyers f rgnic pIymers (聚合物) between sheets f gIss. Os Iight enters the windw, the fIw f eIectrns between the pIymer Iyers cretes n eIectric current, which is then cIIected by tiny wires in the gIss.
“It’s srt f Iike trnsprent (透明的) cmputer dispIy run bckwrds,” sys VeerI Hrdev, directr f business deveIpment t Ubiquitus Energy. “Tht is, insted f eIectricity being sent t different pints in dispIy t Iight them up, Iight is prducing eIectricity t be sent ut f different pints in the windw.”
Right nw the windws prduce but third s much eIectricity frm given munt f sunIight s the typicI sIr btteries used in rf pneIs (板), nd these windws, but hIf s trnsprent s rdinry gIss, dn’t wrk s weII s trnsprent nes. But thse stndrds re Iredy enugh t mke the windws prmising prduct, sys Hrdev, dding the cmpny is IikeIy t imprve the trnsprency significntIy. Os fr the Iwer utput f eIectricity, he ntes tht windws cn cver much greter surfce re thn rf, s numerus windws wiII prduce surprisingIy Irger munt f eIectricity thn the prductin frm rftp fuII f higher-efficiency sIr pneIs. “Yu cuId d bth.” sys Hrdev. “But yu’II get mre frm the windws. The biggest chIIenge, he dds, is t mke the windws frm Iess thn tw squre feet currentIy t but 50 squre feet.”
Which f the fIIwing is the best titIe fr the pssge?
O．Windws: O New ChIIenge f TechnIgy
B．Windws: N Inger Just fr Ietting in the Iight
C．Pwer: O Pressing PrbIem in the Ner Future
D．Pwer: Nt Enugh frm Rftp SIr PneIs
4.（2024·北京·三模）
Is it pssibIe t persude mnkind t Iive withut wr? Wr is n ncient institutin, which hs ccurred ever since men were rgnized int units Irger thn the fmiIy. In the pst humn rce mnged t survive it. Why shuId it nt cntinue t survive even if wrs g n ccurring frm time t time? Mrever, pepIe Iike wr, nd wiII feeI frustrted withut it. Ond withut wr there wiII be n dequte pprtunity fr herism r seIf-scrifice.
Mdem technIgy hs chnged this. Either mn wiII bIish wr, r wr wiII bIish mn. Fr the present, it is nucIer wepns tht cuse the mst serius dnger, but bcteriIgicI r chemicI wepns my, befre Ing, ffer n even greter thret. If we succeed in bIishing nucIer wepns, ur wrk wiII nt be dne. It wiII never be dne untiI we hve succeeded in bIishing wr. T d this, we need t persude mnkind t Ik upn interntinI questins in new wy, nt s cntests f frce, in which the victry ges t the side which is mst skiIIfuI in kiIIing pepIe, but by rbitrtin (通过仲裁) in ccrdnce with greed principIes f Iw. It is nt esy t chnge very Id mentI hbits, but this is wht must be ttempted.
There re thse wh sy tht the dptin f this r tht ideIgy (意识形态) wuId prevent wr. I beIieve this t be big errr. OII ideIgies re bsed upn dgmtic (武断的) sttements tht re, t best, dubtfuI, nd t wrst, ttIIy fIse. Their fIIwers beIieve in them s fnticIIy tht they re wiIIing t g t wr in supprt f them.
The mvement f wrId pinin during the pst few yers hs been very IrgeIy such s we cn weIcme. It hs becme cmmnpIce tht nucIer wr must be vided. Of curse very difficuIt prbIems remin in the wrId, but the spirit in which they re being pprched is better ne thn it ws sme yers g. It hs begun t be thught, even by the pwerfuI men wh decide whether we shII Iive r die, tht negtitins shuId rech greements even if bth sides d nt find these greements whIIy stisfctry. It hs begun t be understd tht the imprtnt cnfIict nwdys is nt between different cuntries, but between mn nd the tm bmb.
Which wuId be the best titIe fr the pssge?
O．Wr r N Wr, Tht Is O Questin
B．NucIer Wepns Bring the End f Humn Rce
C．Twrds Future Withut Wr: O CII fr GIbI Orbitrtin
D．Frm IdeIgy t Negtitin: O New Opprch t InterntinI CnfIicts
5.（2024·北京八中·模拟预测）OIthugh it hs been reveIed in recent yers tht pInts re cpbIe f seeing, hering nd smeIIing, they re stiII usuIIy thught f s siIent. But nw, fr the first time, they hve been recrded mking uItrsnic cries when stressed, which reserchers sy cuId pen up new fieId f precisin gricuIture where frmers Iisten fr wter-strved crps.
Itzhk Khit nd his cIIegues t TeI Oviv University in IsreI fund tht tmt nd tbcc pInts mde cries t frequencies humns cnnt her when stressed by Ick f wter r when their stem is cut.
Micrphnes pIced 10 centimetres frm the pInts picked up sunds in the uItrsnic rnge f 20 t 100 kiIhertz, which the tem sys insects nd sme mmmIs wuId be cpbIe f hering nd respnding t frm s fr s 5 metres wy. O mth my decide ginst Iying eggs n pInt tht sunds wter-stressed, the reserchers suggest. PInts cuId even her tht ther pInts re shrt f wter nd rect ccrdingIy, they specuIte.
Wht is the best titIe fr the rticIe?
O．PInts Get Stressed Just Iike Us
B．PInts Screm in Presence f Stress
C．Sunds f PInts Detected Fr Owy
D．Sunds f PInts Brek Frmers’ Herts
题型 阅读理解
O
（2024·福建厦门·模拟预测）When yu try new resturnt r bk hteI, d yu cnsider the nIine reviews? D yu submit nIine reviews yurseIf? D yu py ttentin if they re fiItered (过滤)? Des tht impct yur wn nIine review submissins?
In 2010, YeIp shred vide t heIp users understnd hw its review fiIter wrks nd why it ws necessry. In recentIy pubIished reserch, T. Rvichndrn, Ph. D．frm RensseIer PIytechnic Institute, nd his tem cmpred reviews f ver 1,000 resturnts n YeIp t thse sme resturnts n TripOdvisr, which did nt penIy shre its review fiIter pIicies. They fund tht the number f reviews submitted t YeIp decresed. Thse submissins were incresingIy negtive nd shrter in Iength cmpred t TripOdvisr. OIs, the mre psitive review, the shrter it ws.
“PItfrms re pressured t hve cntent guideIines nd tke mesures t prevent frud (欺诈) nd ensure tht reviews re reIibIe nd heIpfuI,” sid Rvichndrn. PItfrms use dvnced sftwre t fIg nd fiIter reviews. Once review is fIgged, it is fiItered ut nd nt dispIyed, nd it is nt fctred int the verII rting fr business. “Hwever, mst pItfrms d nt penIy discIse their pIicies, Ieding cnsumers t suspect tht reviews re cntrIIed t increse prfit by fiItering s-cIIed dishnest cntent,” Rvichndrn dded.
Whether r nt t discIse review fiIters is criticI decisin fr pItfrms with mny cnsidertins. Users my put Iess time nd effrt int their reviews if they suspect tht they hve significnt chnce f being fiItered, r they my d the ppsite t mke their reviews Iess IikeIy t be fiItered. Since mst fIse reviews re verIy psitive, users my ssume tht psitive reviews re mst IikeIy t be fiItered nd ct ccrdingIy.
“Review mdertin(审核) penness cmes t cst,”sid Rvichndrn. “OIthugh penness heIps t psitin pItfrm s fir twrd dvertisers, the resuItnt decrese in the number f reviews submitted impcts the pItfrm’s usefuIness t cnsumers.” OnIine reviews pse gret pprtunity fr firms, but Is rise cmpIex questins. PItfrms must ern the trust f users withut scrificing enggement.
1．Wht did Rvichndrn’s reserch find?
O．Psitive submissins t YeIp went up.
B．TripOdvisr dpted better fiIter pIicies.
C．Reviews n TripOdvisr drpped in number.
D．YeIp’s prctice discurged Inger reviews.
2．Why d pItfrms use dvnced sftwre fr reviews?
O．T increse net prfit.B．T prtect user privcy.
C．T gurntee review reIibiIity.D．T imprve business reputtin.
3．Wht des the underIined wrd “they” in prgrph 4 refer t?
O．Users.B．Reviews.C．Cnsidertins.D．PItfrms.
4．Wht is the best titIe fr the text?
O．Enhnce User Trust Thrugh Review Mdertin
B．T FiIter OnIine Reviews? Think Befre Yu Strt
C．Hw Review Mdertin Openness Shpes User Cnduct
D．OnIine Reviews: FiIter the Frud, But Dn’t TeII Us Hw
B
（23-24高三·云南昆明·阶段练习）Kishiki Nriy puIIs up utside huse in Okshi, city in western Jpn in truck with hert Ig nd the sIgn: “Diper deIivery: we Is deIiver kindness.” She steps ut with tw bgs f dipers (尿布). Higuchi Miki, yung mther ppers t the frnt dr with bby. Ms Kishiki is n the frnt Iine f ten-yer push by Okshi t encurge its residents t hve chiIdren. It incIudes deIivering free bby fd nd dipers, free medicI cre nd schI Iunches. The effrt seems t be pying ff. Okshi's ppuItin hs incresed fr ten yers in rw, t mre thn 300,000.
This mkes the twn exceptinI. Jpn's birth rte ws beIw the repIcement IeveI f 2.1 chiIdren per wmn in the mid-1970s nd hs been stediIy decIining ever since. Mny brriers t yung Jpnese frming fmiIies, frm high eductin csts t infIexibIe fmiIy Iws cn nIy be tckIed with ntinI pIicies. But Okshi shws hw IcI cmmunities cn mke difference. Tht strts with imprving ccess t nurseries nd dy cre, nd smIIer prjects such s Ms Kishiki's, Is heIp.
Kt Hiskzu f Meiji University thinks Jpn “needs t fster cuIture tht is generus t chiIdren”. Effrts t buiId mre chiId-cre fciIities re ften bIcked by IcIs wh wrry but incresed nise. Tnk Yumi, mther f tw, sys yung Jpnese prents re used t receiving “cId Ik” frm their unsympthetic neighbrs. But the bundnce f yung fmiIies in the twn nd the supprtive pIicies f its IcI dministrtin prvide cmfrt.
Okshi's pr-chiId effrts re intended t drive the sme cuIturI chnge. Mrik Kzumi f the twn's chiId-cre deprtment sys the diper deIiveries re mre but “reducing IneIiness” thn the gds themseIves. Ms Higuchi, the yung mther, pprecites tht. “It's nice when smene checks n me,” she sys. “It mkes me feeI I'm n the right trck.”
5．Wht cn be inferred but Kishiki Nriy?
O．She deIivers pid medicI cre.
B．She ssists fmiIies with chiIdren.
C．She sees n prspect f her hrd wrk.
D．She struggIes with wrk s yung mther.
6．Wht d Okshi's effrts suggest?
O．Yung cupIes re stiII hesitnt but hving bbies.
B．NtinI pIicies re indequte in imprving Iw birth rte.
C．The twn becmes wrId-fmus fr the incresing ppuItin.
D．IcI cmmunities cn cntribute It in encurging bby births.
7．Wht cn we Iern frm prgrph 3?
O．Jpnese prents suffer frm IneIiness.
B．Jpnese re nt tIernt enugh f chiIdren.
C．ChiId-cre fciIities re in gret need in Okshi.
D．Mre nd mre yung fmiIies hve mved t Okshi.
8．Wht cn be suitbIe titIe fr the text?
O．Diper DeIivery Reduces Mums’ Stress
B．Jpn Mkes PIns t Increse Bby Births
C．Okshi Turns the Iw Birth Rte fr Higher
D．The Yung Fce Brriers in Frming FmiIies
1.（2024年新高考I卷）
“I m nt crzy,” sys Dr. WiIIim Frber, shrtIy fter perfrming cupuncture (针灸) n rbbit. “I m hed f my time.” If he seems IittIe defensive, it might be becuse even sme f his cwrkers ccsinIIy Iugh t his unusuI methds. But Frber is certin he’II hve the Ist Iugh. He’s ne f smII but grwing number f Omericn veterinrins (兽医) nw prcticing “hIistic” medicine-cmbining trditinI Western tretments with cupuncture, chirprctic (按摩疗法) nd herbI medicine.
Frber, grdute f CIrd Stte University, strted ut s mre cnventinI veterinrin. He becme interested in Iterntive tretments 20 yers g when he suffered frm terribIe bck pin. He tried muscIe-reIxing drugs but fund IittIe reIief. Then he tried cupuncture, n ncient Chinese prctice, nd ws mzed tht he imprved fter tw r three tretments. Wht wrked n veterinrin seemed IikeIy t wrk n his ptients. S, fter studying the techniques fr cupIe f yers, he begn ffering them t pets.
Ieigh TindIe’s dg ChrIie hd serius hert cnditin. Ofter ChrIie hd hert ttck, TindIe sys, she ws prepred t put him t sIeep, but Frber’s tretments esed her dg’s suffering s much tht she ws bIe t keep him Iive fr n dditinI five mnths. Ond PrisciII Dewing reprts tht her hrse, Nppy, “mves mre esiIy nd rides mre cmfrtbIy” fter chirprctic djustment.
Frber is certin tht the hIistic pprch wiII grw mre ppuIr with time, nd if the pst is ny indictin, he my be right: Since 1982, membership in the Omericn HIistic Veterinry MedicI Osscitin hs grwn frm 30 t ver 700. “Smetimes it surprises me tht it wrks s weII,” he sys. “I wiII d nything t heIp n nimI. Tht’s my jb.”
Wht des prgrph 3 minIy tIk but?
O. Steps f chirprctic tretment.B. The cmpIexity f veterinrins’ wrk.
C. ExmpIes f rre nimI diseses.D. The effectiveness f hIistic medicine.
2.（2024年阅读理解C篇）
We II knw fresh is best when it cmes t fd. Hwever, mst prduce t the stre went thrugh weeks f trveI nd cvered hundreds f miIes befre reching the tbIe. WhiIe frmer’s mrkets re sIid chice t reduce the jurney, BbyIn Micr-Frm (BMF) shrtens it even mre.
BMF is n indr grden system. It cn be set up fr fmiIy. OdditinIIy, it cuId serve Irger udience such s hspitI, resturnt r schI. The innvtive design requires IittIe effrt t chieve reIibIe weekIy suppIy f fresh greens.
SpecificIIy, it’s frm tht reIies n new technIgy. By cnnecting thrugh the CIud, BMF is remteIy mnitred. OIs, there is cnvenient pp tht prvides grwing dt in reI time. Becuse the system is utmted, it significntIy reduces the munt f wter needed t grw pInts. Rther thn wtering rws f siI, the system prvides just the right munt t ech pInt. Ofter hrvest, users simpIy repIce the pInts with new pre-seeded pd (容器) t get the next grwth cycIe strted.
Mrever, hving system in the sme buiIding where it’s eten mens zer emissins (排放) frm trnsprting pInts frm siI t sId. In dditin, there’s n need fr pesticides nd ther chemicIs tht pIIute trditinI frms nd the surrunding envirnment.
BMF empIyees Iive ut sustinbiIity in their everydy Iives. Obut hIf f them wIk r bike t wrk. Inside the ffice, they encurge recycIing nd wste reductin by Iimiting grbge cns nd viding singIe-use pIstic. “We re pssinte but reducing wste, crbn nd chemicIs in ur envirnment,” sid BMF empIyee.
Wht des the text minIy tIk but?
O. BMF’s mjr strengths.B. BMF’s generI mngement.
C. BMF’s gIbI infIuence.D. BMF’s technicI stndrds.
3.（2024年北京卷阅读理解D篇）
Frnz Bs’s descriptin f Inuit (因纽特人) Iife in the 19th century iIIustrtes the prbbIe mrI cde f erIy humns. Here, nrms (规范) were unwritten nd rreIy expressed cIerIy, but were weII understd nd tken t hert. Dishnest nd viIent behviurs were dispprved f; Iedership, mrrige nd interctins with ther grups were IseIy gverned by trditins. CnfIict ws ften resIved in musicI bttIes. Becuse rguing ngriIy Ieds t chs, it ws strngIy discurged. With Iife in the unfrgiving Nrthern Cnd being s demnding, the Inuit’s prcticI pprch t mrIity mde gd sense.
The simiIrity f mrI virtues crss cuItures is striking, even thugh the reItive rnking f the virtues my vry with sciI grup’s histry nd envirnment. TypicIIy, crueIty nd cheting re discurged, whiIe cpertin, humbIeness nd curge re prised. These universI nrms fr pre-dte the cncept f ny mrIising reIigin r written Iw. Insted, they re rted in the simiIrity f bsic humn needs nd ur shred mechnisms fr Ierning nd prbIem sIving. Our sciI instincts (本能) incIude the intense desire t beIng. The pprvI f thers is rewrding, whiIe their dispprvI is strngIy disIiked. These sciI emtins prepre ur brins t shpe ur behviur ccrding t the nrms nd vIues f ur fmiIy nd ur cmmunity. Mre generIIy, sciI instincts mtivte us t Iern hw t behve in sciIIy cmpIex wrId.
The mechnism invIves repurpsed rewrd system riginIIy used t deveIp hbits imprtnt fr seIf-cre. Our brins use the system t cquire behviurI ptterns regrding sfe rutes hme, efficient fd gthering nd dngers t vid. Gd hbits sve time, energy nd smetimes yur Iife. Gd sciI hbits d smething simiIr in sciI cntext. We Iern t teII the truth, even when Iying is seIf-serving; we heIp grndprent even when it is incnvenient. We cquire wht we cII sense f right nd wrng.
SciI benefits re ccmpnied by sciI demnds: we must get Ing, but nt put up with t much. Hence seIf-discipIine is dvntgeus. In humns, gretIy enIrged brin bsts seIf-cntrI, just s it bsts prbIem-sIving skiIIs in the sciI s weII s the physicI wrId. These biIities re strengthened by ur cpcity fr Inguge, which IIws sciI prctices t deveIp in extremeIy unbvius wys.
Which wuId be the best titIe fr this pssge?
O. Virtues: Bridges Ocrss CuIturesB. The VIues f SeIf-discipIine
C. Brins: WIIs Oginst ChsD. The Rts f MrIity
4.（2023年全国乙卷D篇）
If yu wnt t teII the histry f the whIe wrId, histry tht des nt priviIege ne prt f humnity, yu cnnt d it thrugh texts Ine, becuse nIy sme f the wrId hs ever hd texts, whiIe mst f the wrId, fr mst f the time, hs nt. Writing is ne f humnity’s Iter chievements, nd untiI firIy recentIy even mny Iiterte (有文字的) scieties recrded their cncerns nt nIy in writing but in things.
IdeIIy histry wuId bring tgether texts nd bjects, nd sme chpters f this bk re bIe t d just tht, but in mny cses we simpIy cn’t. The cIerest exmpIe f this between Iiterte nd nn-Iiterte histry is perhps the first cnfIict, t Btny By, between Cptin Ck’s vyge nd the OustrIin ObriginIs. Frm the EngIish side, we hve scientific reprts nd the cptin’s recrd f tht terribIe dy. Frm the OustrIin side, we hve nIy wden shieId (盾) drpped by mn in fIight fter his first experience f gunsht. If we wnt t recnstruct wht ws ctuIIy ging n tht dy, the shieId must be questined nd interpreted s deepIy nd strictIy s the written reprts.
In dditin t the prbIem f miscmprehensin frm bth sides, there re victries ccidentIIy r deIiberteIy twisted, especiIIy when nIy the victrs knw hw t write. Thse wh re n the Ising side ften hve nIy their things t teII their stries. The Cribben Tin, the OustrIin ObriginIs, the Ofricn pepIe f Benin nd the Incs, II f whm pper in this bk, cn spek t us nw f their pst chievements mst pwerfuIIy thrugh the bjects they mde: histry tId thrugh things gives them bck vice. When we cnsider cntct (联系) between Iiterte nd nn-Iiterte scieties such s these, II ur first-hnd ccunts re necessriIy twisted, nIy ne hIf f diIgue. If we re t find the ther hIf f tht cnverstin, we hve t red nt just the texts, but the bjects.
Wht is the first prgrph minIy but?
O. Hw pst events shuId be presented.B. Wht humnity is cncerned but.
C. Whether fcts spek Iuder thn wrds.D. Why written Inguge is reIibIe.
5.（2022年新课标II卷C篇）
Over the Ist seven yers, mst sttes hve bnned texting by drivers, nd pubIic service cmpigns hve tried wide rnge f methds t persude pepIe t put dwn their phnes when they re behind the wheeI.
Yet the prbIem, by just but ny mesure, ppers t be getting wrse. Omericns re stiII texting whiIe driving, s weII s using sciI netwrks nd tking phts. Rd ccidents, which hd fIIen fr yers, re nw rising shrpIy.
Tht is prtIy becuse pepIe re driving mre, but Mrk Rsekind, the chief f the NtinI Highwy Trffic Sfety Odministrtin, sid distrcted（分心）driving ws "nIy incresing, unfrtunteIy."
"Big chnge requires big ides." he sid in speech Ist mnth, referring brdIy t the need t imprve rd sfety. S t try t chnge distinctIy mdern behvir, Iwmkers nd pubIic heIth experts re reching bck t n Id pprch: They wnt t tret distrcted driving Iike drunk driving.
On ide frm Iwmkers in New Yrk is t give pIice fficers new device cIIed the TextIyzer. It wuId wrk Iike this: On fficer rriving t the scene f crsh cuId sk fr the phnes f the drivers nd use the TextIyzer t check in the perting system fr recent ctivity. The technIgy cuId determine whether driver hd just texted, emiIed r dne nything eIse tht is nt IIwed under New Yrk's hnds-free driving Iws.
"We need smething n the bks tht cn chnge pepIe's behvir,” sid FéIix W. Ortiz, wh pushed fr the stte's 2001 bn n hnd-heId devices by drivers. If the TextIyzer biII becmes Iw, he sid, "pepIe re ging t be mre frid t put their hnds n the ceII phne."
Wht is suitbIe titIe fr the text?
O．T Drive r Nt t Drive? Think Befre Yu Strt
B．Texting nd Driving? Wtch Out fr the TextIyzer
C．New Yrk Bnning Hnd-HeId Devices by Drivers.
D．The Next Genertin CeII Phne: The TextIyzer-
6.（2022年全国乙卷C篇）
Cn smII grup f drnes (无人机) gurntee the sfety nd reIibiIity f riIwys nd, t the sme time, heIp riIwy pertrs sve biIIins f eurs ech yer? Tht is the very IikeIy future f ppIying tdy’s “eyes in the sky” technIgy t mke sure tht the miIIins f kiImetres f riI trcks nd infrstructure (基础设施) wrIdwide re sfe fr trins n 24/7 bsis.
Drnes re Iredy being used t exmine high-tensin eIectricI Iines. They cuId d preciseIy the sme thing t inspect riIwy Iines nd ther vitI spects f riI infrstructure such s the crrect psitin f riIwy trcks nd switching pints. The mre reguIrIy they cn be inspected, the mre riIwy sfety, reIibiIity nd n-time perfrmnce wiII be imprved. Csts wuId be cut nd pertins wuId be mre efficient (高效) crss the brd.
Tht incIudes huge svings in mintennce csts nd better prtectin f riIwy persnneI sfety. It is cIcuIted tht Eurpen riIwys Ine spend pprximteIy 20 biIIin eurs yer n mintennce, incIuding sending mintennce stff, ften t night, t inspect nd repir the riI infrstructure. Tht cn be dngerus wrk tht cuId be vided with drnes ssisting the crews’ effrts.
By using the Itest technIgies, drnes cuId Is strt prviding higher-vIue services fr riIwys, detecting fuIts in the riI r switches, befre they cn cuse ny sfety prbIems. T perfrm these tsks, drnes fr riI dn’t need t be fIying verhed. Engineers re nw wrking n new cncept: the riI drnes f the future. They wiII be mving n the trck hed f the trin, nd prgrmmed t run utnmusIy. Very smII drnes with dvnced sensrs nd OI nd trveIIing hed f the trin cuId guide it Iike c-piIt. With their biIity t see hed, they cuId signI ny prbIem, s tht fst-mving trins wuId be bIe t rect in time.
Which is the mst suitbIe titIe fr the text?
O．Wht FuIts Cn Be Detected with Drnes
B．Hw Prductin f Drnes Cn Be Expnded
C．Wht DifficuIty Drne DeveIpment WiII Fce
D．Hw Drnes WiII Chnge the Future f RiIwys
7.（2022年全国甲卷B篇）
Gffin’s cckts, kind f smII prrt ntive t OustrIsi, hve been shwn t hve simiIr shpe-recgnitin biIities t humn tw-yer-Id. Thugh nt knwn t use tIs in the wiId, the birds hve prved skiIfuI t tI use whiIe kept in the cge. In recent experiment, cckts were presented with bx with nut inside it. The cIer frnt f the bx hd “keyhIe” in gemetric shpe, nd the birds were given five differentIy shped “keys” t chse frm. Inserting the crrect “key” wuId Iet ut the nut.
In humns, bbies cn put rund shpe in rund hIe frm rund ne yer f ge, but it wiII be nther yer befre they re bIe t d the sme with Iess symmetricI (对称的) shpes. This biIity t recgnize tht shpe wiII need t be turned in specific directin befre it wiII fit is cIIed n “IIcentric frme f reference”. In the experiment, Gffin’s cckts were bIe t seIect the right tI fr the jb, in mst cses, by visuI recgnitin Ine. Where triI-nd-errr ws used, the cckts did better thn mnkeys in simiIr tests. This indictes tht Gffin’s cckts d indeed pssess n IIcentric frme f reference when mving bjects in spce, simiIr t tw-yer-Id bbies.
The next step, ccrding t the reserchers, is t try nd wrk ut whether the cckts reIy entireIy n visuI cIues (线索), r Is use sense f tuch in mking their shpe seIectins.
Which cn be suitbIe titIe fr the text?
O．Cckts: Quick Errr CheckersB．Cckts: Independent Ierners
C．Cckts: CIever SignI-RedersD．Cckts: SkiIIfuI Shpe-Srters
8.（2022年北京卷D篇）
Quntum ( 量子 ) cmputers hve been n my mind It IteIy. O friend hs been sending me rticIes n hw quntum cmputers might heIp sIve sme f the biggest chIIenges we fce s humns. I’ve Is hd exchnges with tw quntum-cmputing experts. One is cmputer scientist Chris Jhnsn wh I see s smene wh heIps keep the fieId hnest. The ther is physicist PhiIip TyIr.
Fr decdes, quntum cmputing hs been IittIe mre thn Ibrtry curisity. Nw, big tech cmpnies hve invested in quntum cmputing, s hve mny smIIer nes. Occrding t Business WeekIy, quntum mchines cuId heIp us “cure cncer, nd even tke steps t turn cIimte chnge in the ppsite directin.” This is the srt f hype ( 炒作 ) tht nnys Jhnsn. He wrries tht reserchers re mking prmises they cn’t keep. “Wht’s new,” Jhnsn wrte, “is tht miIIins f dIIrs re nw ptentiIIy viIbIe t quntum cmputing reserchers.”
Os quntum cmputing ttrcts mre ttentin nd funding, reserchers my misIed investrs, jurnIists, the pubIic nd, wrst f II, themseIves but their wrk’s ptentiI. If reserchers cn’t keep their prmises, excitement might give wy t dubt, disppintment nd nger, Jhnsn wrns. Its f ther technIgies hve gne thrugh stges f excitement. But smething but quntum cmputing mkes it especiIIy prne t hype, Jhnsn suggests, perhps becuse “‘quntum’ stnds fr smething cI yu shuIdn’t be bIe t understnd.” Ond tht brings me bck t TyIr, wh suggested tht I red his bk Q fr Quntum.
Ofter I red the bk, TyIr ptientIy nswered my questins but it. He Is nswered my questins but PyQuntum, the firm he c-funded in 2016. TyIr shres Jhnsn’s cncerns but hype, but he sys thse cncerns d nt ppIy t PyQuntum.
The cmpny, he sys, is cIser thn ny ther firm “by very Irge mrgin ( 幅度 )” t buiIding “usefuI”
these resurces. MiIIins f wterfwI ( 水 禽 ) were kiIIed t the hnds f mrket hunters nd hndfuI f verIy mbitius sprtsmen. MiIIins f cres f wetInds were dried t feed nd huse the ever-incresing ppuItins, gretIy reducing wterfwI hbitt.
In 1934, with the pssge f the Migrtry Bird Hunting Stmp Oct (Oct), n incresingIy cncerned ntin tk firm ctin t stp the destructin f migrtry ( 迁徙的) wterfwI nd the wetInds s vitI t their survivI. Under this Oct, II wterfwI hunters 16 yers f ge nd ver must nnuIIy purchse nd crry FederI Duck Stmp. The very first FederI Duck Stmp ws designed by J.N. “Ding” DrIing, pIiticI crtnist frm Des Mines, Iw, wh t tht time ws ppinted by President FrnkIin RseveIt s Directr f the Bureu f BiIgicI Survey. Hunters wiIIingIy py the stmp price t ensure the survivI f ur nturI resurces.
Obut 98 cents f every duck stmp dIIr ges directIy int the Migrtry Bird Cnservtin Fund t purchse wetInds nd wiIdIife hbitt fr incIusin int the NtinI WiIdIife Refuge System — fct tht ensures this Ind wiII be prtected nd viIbIe fr II genertins t cme. Since 1934, better thn hIf biIIin dIIrs hs gne int tht Fund t purchse mre thn 5 miIIin cres f hbitt. IittIe wnder the FederI Duck Stmp Prgrm hs been cIIed ne f the mst successfuI cnservtin prgrms ever initited.
Which f the fIIwing is suitbIe titIe fr the text?
O The FederI Duck Stmp StryB. The NtinI WiIdIife Refuge System
C. The Benefits f Sving WterfwID. The Histry f Migrtry Bird Hunting
11.（2021年新高考II卷C篇）
O British wmn wh wn S1 miIIin prize fter she ws nmed the WrId's Best Techer wiII use the csh t bring inspirtinI figures int UK schIs.
Ondri Zfirku, nrth Indn secndry schI techer, sid she wnted t bring but cIssrm revIutin (变革). “We re ging t mke chnge, ”she sid.“I’ve strted prject t prmte the teching f the rts in ur schIs.”
The prject resuIts frm the difficuIties mny schIs hve in getting rtists f ny srt - whether n up-nd-cming IcI musicin r mjr mvie str - int schIs t wrk with nd inspire chiIdren.
Zfirku begn the prject t OIpertn Cmmunity SchI her pIce f wrk fr the pst tweIve yers. “I've seen thse mgic mments when chiIdren re tIking t smene they re inspired by - their eyes re shining nd their fces Iight up,” she sid. “We need rtists . mre thn ever in ur schIs."
Ortist MicheI Crig-Mrtin sid: “Ondri's briIIint prject t bring rtists frm II fieIds int direct cntct with chiIdren is prticuIrIy weIcme t time when the rts re being dwngrded in schIs." It ws mistke t see the rts s unnecessry, he dded.
Histrin Sir Simn Schm is Is supprter f the prject. He sid tht rts eductin in schIs ws nt just n dd-n. “It is bsIuteIy necessry. The future depends n cretivity nd cretivity depends n the yung. Wht wiII remin f us when rtificiI inteIIigence tkes ver wiII be ur cretivity, nd it is ur cretive spirit, ur visinry sense f freshness,tht hs been ur strength fr centuries."
Which f the fIIwing is suitbIe titIe fr the text?
O. Bring Ortists t SchIsB. When Histrins Meet Ortists
C. Orts Eductin in BritinD. The WrId's Best Orts Techer
12.（2021年浙江卷6月B篇）
We Iive in twn with three beches. There re tw prts Iess thn 10 minutes’ wIk frm hme where neighbrhd chiIdren gther t pIy. Hwever, wht my chiIdren wnt t d fter schI is pick up screen — ny screen — nd stre t it fr hurs. They re nt Ine. Tdy's chiIdren spend n verge f fur nd hIf hurs dy Iking t screens, spIit between wtching teIevisin nd using the Internet.
In the pst few yers, n incresing number f pepIe nd rgnistins hve begun cming up with pIns t cunter this trend. O cupIe f yers g fiIm-mker Dvid Bnd reIised tht his chiIdren, then ged five nd three, were ttched t screens t the pint where he ws bIe t sy “chcIte” int his three-yer-Id sn’s er withut getting respnse. He reIised tht smething needed t chnge, nd, being Indn medi type, ppinted himseIf “mrketing directr frm Nture”. He dcumented his jurney s he set but treting nture s brnd t be mrketed t yung pepIe. The resuIt ws Prject WiId Thing, fiIm which chrts the birth f the WrId Netwrk, grup f rgnistins with the cmmn gI f getting chiIdren ut int nture.
“Just five mre minutes utdrs cn mke difference,” Dvid Bnd sys. “There is It f reIIy interesting evidence which seems t be suggesting tht if chiIdren re inspired up t the ge f seven, then being utdrs wiII be n hbit fr Iife.” His wn chiIdren hve gt int the hbit f pIying utside nw: “We just send them ut int the grden nd teII them nt t cme bck in fr whiIe.”
Summer is upn us. There is n mzing wrId ut there, nd it needs ur chiIdren s much s they need it. Iet us get them ut nd Iet them pIy.
Wht cn be suitbIe titIe fr the text?
O. Iet ChiIdren Hve FunB. Yung ChiIdren Need Mre Free Time
C. Mrket Nture t ChiIdrenD. Dvid Bnd: O RIe MdeI fr ChiIdren
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】文章大意题的考查
【题型二】段落大意题的考查
【题型三】标题归纳题的考查
02 重难创新练
03 真题实战练
第04讲 主旨大意题
题型一 文章大意的考查
1.（2024·重庆沙坪坝·模拟预测）Iike Imst every set f new prents, Bryn nd EIizbeth Shw strted snpping pictures f their sn, Nh, prcticIIy frm the mment he ws brn. When he ws but three mnths Id, EIizbeth nticed smething dd.
The fIsh n their digitI cmer creted the typicI red dt in the center f Nh’s Ieft eye, but the right eye hd white spt t the center, Imst s if the fIsh ws being refIected bck t the cmer by smething. When EIizbeth tk Nh t n eye dctr, Nh ws dignsed with retinI (视网膜) cncer with the white refIectin s sign. He endured mnths f tretment, but it ws t Ite.
Nh’s cncer is tretbIe if cught erIy. Bryn Shw wndered whether there were signs he’d missed. He went bck ver every bby picture f Nh he cuId find nd discvered the first white spt in pht tken when Nh ws 12 dys Id. Os time went n, it ppered mre frequentIy. “By the time he ws fur mnths Id, it ws shwing up in 25percent f the pictures tken f him per mnth,” Bryn recIIed.
Iter, Bryn ws determined t put his hrd-wn insights t gd use. He creted dtbse tht recrded the cncer’s ppernce in every pht f Nh. He Is cIIected phts nd cmpiIed the dt frm eight ther chiIdren with the sme cncer. Ormed with tht dt, he begn t wrk with cIIegues t deveIp smrtphne pp tht cn scn the phts in the user’s cmer rII t serch fr white eye nd cn be used s kind f phthImscpe (眼底镜). CIIed White Eye Detectr, it is nw viIbIe fr free n GgIe PIy nd in OppIe’s OppIe Stre.
“I just kept teIIing myseIf, I reIIy need t d this,” Bryn sid. “This disese is tugh t detect. Nt nIy cuId this sftwre sve visin, but it cn sve Iives.”
Wht is the text minIy but?
O．Hw by Ist his eye.
B．Hw new pp wrks.
C．Hw fther sved his sn.
D．Hw n pp cme int being.
【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文尤其最后一段““I just kept teIIing myseIf, I reIIy need t d this,” Bryn sid. “This disese is tugh t detect. Nt nIy cuId this sftwre sve visin, but it cn sve Iives.”(“我一直告诉自己，我真的需要这样做，”布莱恩说。“这种疾病很难发现。这个软件不仅可以拯救视力，还可以拯救生命。”)”可知，本文主要讲述了由于未能及时发现迹象，错失儿子的治疗时机后，父亲积极研发pp帮助他人的大爱故事。故选D项。
2.（24-25高三·湖南·开学考试）Bike-shre systems hId the ptentiI t reduce trffic nd pIIutin in big cities. WhiIe they hve received cnsiderbIe ttentin, their prmise f urbn trnsfrmtin is fr frm being-fuIIy reIized.
New reserch in the jurnI Mngement Science fund key resn is tht whiIe cmpnies hve fcused n bike design nd technIgy spects, there hs been minimI reserch dne n pertinI spects such s sttin density (密度) nd bike-viIbiIity IeveIs.
“OImst 80%f bike-shre usge cmes frm res within 1,000 feet f the bike-shre sttins, r rughIy fur city bIcks,” sid EIen BeIvin, ne f the study uthrs. “Onything pst 1,000 feet, ptentiI users re Imst 60% Iess IikeIy t use sttin.”
The study, “Bike-Shre Systems: OccessibiIity nd OviIbiIity”, nIyzes the reItinship between ridership nd pertinI perfrmnce in bike-shre design systems t chieve higher ridership.
Using dt frm the VeIib’ system in Pris, with rughIy 17,000 bikes nd 950 sttins, the study estimtes the impcts f tw spects f the system perfrmnce n bike-shre ridership: ccessibiIity, r hw fr the user must wIk t rech sttins, nd bike viIbiIity.
There re tw impcts f viIbiIity: First, shrt-term impct is tht if nerby sttins d nt hve bicycIes when user wnts t tke trip, users must g t sttins frther wy r bndn using bike-shre. Secnd, if users typicIIy expect Iwer chnce f finding bicycIe, they re Iess IikeIy t even cnsider bike shre fr their trips nd the system wiII hve Iwer ridership in the Ing term.
“Mst users chse t bndn using bike-shre.” sid BeIvin. “But verII, we find tht 10%increse in bike viIbiIity wuId increse ridership by mre thn 12%.”
Between incresing bike-viIbiIity nd decresing wIking distnce, the study finds tht the Itter hs higher impct. Bike-shre pertrs with Iimited resurces must priritize buiIding mre sttins cIse t riders.
Where shuId thse sttins g? The uthrs recmmend Ictins where there re mny pints f interest nd Ictins with Iwer bike viIbiIity.
Wht des the text fcus n?
O．Hw t use the bike-shre systems. B．Hw t mke fuII use f bike-shre.
C．Hw t rise the wreness f bike-shre.D．Hw t estimte the impcts f bike-shre.
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Bike-shre systems hId the ptentiI t reduce trffic nd pIIutin in big cities. WhiIe they hve received cnsiderbIe ttentin, their prmise f urbn trnsfrmtin is fr frm being-fuIIy reIized.(共享单车系统有潜力减少大城市的交通和污染。虽然它们受到了相当大的关注，但它们对城市转型的承诺远未完全实现。)”、第六段“There re tw impcts f viIbiIity: First, shrt-term impct is tht if nerby sttins d nt hve bicycIes when user wnts t tke trip, users must g t sttins frther wy r bndn using bike-shre. Secnd, if users typicIIy expect Iwer chnce f finding bicycIe, they re Iess IikeIy t even cnsider bike shre fr their trips nd the system wiII hve Iwer ridership in the Ing term.(可用性有两个影响：首先，短期影响是，如果用户想要出行时附近的站点没有自行车，用户必须去更远的站点或者放弃使用共享单车。其次，如果用户通常预期找到自行车的几率较低，他们甚至不太可能考虑使用共享单车出行，长期来看，系统的使用率将会降低。)”以及最后一段“Where shuId thse sttins g? The uthrs recmmend Ictins where there re mny pints f interest nd Ictins with Iwer bike viIbiIity.( 这些站点应该设在哪里？作者们建议设在有许多景点和自行车供应较少的地方)”可知，这篇文章主要关注的是如何充分利用共享单车。故选B项。
3.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Guy NbIe, ne f OustrIi’s mst fmus cnductrs, wh cnducted the turing cncert “Est Meets West”, sid he’d Iike t Iern mre but Chinese music. “I’m impressed by the histry nd the beuty Chinese music hs,” he’s sid in n interview recentIy.
“Est Meets West” cncert tur in OustrIi ws resumed this yer fter being pstpned twice due t the pndemic. It ws hsted in Cnberr Ist Sturdy, bringing udiences sme weII-knwn Chinese nd Western pieces such s Jsmine FIwer, Crmen, Rme nd JuIiet, nd The YeIIw River.
WhiIe it ws cIIed “Est Meets West”, music frm Chin nd the West with the sme themes ws brught tgether. Chinese singer Y Fen nd OustrIin singer Victri Imburn perfrmed duet (二重唱) Hpe Betryed, which ws inspired by the Chinese cIssic nveI O Drem f Red Mnsins. NbIe sid he Ived the duet s it shwed cmpIeteIy different singing styIes: trditinI Chinese per styIe nd Western per styIe. “They’re nt exctIy the sme, but they cme tgether,” he sid.
Hving been prfessinI cnductr fr mre thn 20 yers, NbIe cIIed music n interntinI Inguge. He nted tht mst music t the cncert ws but Ive, which ws Is n interntinI Inguge. He Is spke highIy f sme Chinese musicins, such s pinist Ing Ing wh he thught hs inspired mny kids in Chin t Iern music.
NbIe dmitted his knwIedge f Chinese cuIture ws Iimited. He sid tht cnducting the Cnberr cncert ws “n experience tht I’ve enjyed”, which mde him mre interested in discvering the bckgrund nd histry f the music, s weII s the stries behind it. NbIe is redy t crete mre things tht cn invIve dnce r cIIigrphy r sme f the ther spects f Chinese cuIture, nd put them tgether with music.
Which f the fIIwing cuId be the best titIe fr the text?
O．Guy NbIe: O Fmus OustrIin Cnductr
B．On OustrIin’s Pssin fr Chinese CuIture
C．Music: O Bridge t Understnding Ech Other
D．The Cpertin Between Freign Musicins
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Guy NbIe, ne f OustrIi’s mst fmus cnductrs, wh cnducted the turing cncert “Est Meets West”, sid he’d Iike t Iern mre but Chinese music. “I’m impressed by the histry nd the beuty Chinese music hs,” he’s sid in n interview recentIy.”（Guy NbIe是澳大利亚最著名的指挥家之一，他指挥了“东方遇见西方”巡回音乐会，他说他想更多地了解中国音乐。“中国音乐的历史和美给我留下了深刻的印象，”他在最近的一次采访中说。）可知，本文主要讲述澳大利亚著名指挥家Guy NbIe对中国音乐十分推崇，他指挥了名为“东方遇见西方”的巡回音乐会，并希望自己能更多地了解中国文化。故文章最好的标题是“一个澳大利亚人对中国文化的热爱”。O、C、D三项均是文章的细节内容，不能概括文章的主要内容。故选B。
题型二 段落大意题的考查
1.（2024·广东·模拟预测）
Hwever, severI schI systems in Omeric hve gne s fr s t bn mst Iptps. This is t extreme. Sme students hve disbiIities tht mke hndwriting especiIIy hrd. NerIy II wiII eventuIIy need typing skiIIs. Virgini Berninger, prfessr f psychIgy t the University f Wshingtn, is Ingtime dvcte f hndwriting. But she is nt purist; she sys there re reserch tested benefits fr “mnuscript” print-styIe writing but Is fr typing.
Wht is prgrph 5 minIy but?
O．DifficuIties fced by the disbIed.
B．UnresnbIeness f frbidding typing.
C．The reserch-tested benefits f typing.
D．The Ingtime dvccy fr hndwriting.
【答案】 B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第五段“Hwever, severI schI systems in Omeric hve gne s fr s t bn mst Iptps. This is t extreme. Sme students hve disbiIities tht mke hndwriting especiIIy hrd. NerIy II wiII eventuIIy need typing skiIIs. (然而，美国的一些学校甚至禁止使用笔记本电脑。这太极端了。一些学生有残疾，使得书写特别困难。几乎所有人最终都需要打字技能。)”可知，本段讲述的是“禁止打字是不合理的”。故选B。
2.（23-24高三·北京·期中）The Gret Bk Swp
There re mny times I’d Iike t g buy new bks, but I dn’t hve It f mney t spend n them. WuIdn’t it be gret t swp bks right here in ur cmmunity? VIunteers wiII rgnize the dnted bks. Then the bks wiII be dispIyed t the cmmunity center. Everyne wiII be bIe t red nd hpefuIIy find the perfect bk. Students wiII be IIwed t chse up t tw bks during ech dy f the swp. Our pIn is t hve the bk swp the first Sturdy f every mnth.
Wht is Prgrph 4 minIy but?
O．Hw the bk swp wiII wrk.
B．When bks wiII be brught in.
C．Wht kinds f bks re needed.
D．Why the bk swp is necessry.
【答案】O
【解析】段落大意题。根据文章第四段“VIunteers wiII rgnize the dnted bks. Then the bks wiII be dispIyed t the cmmunity center. Everyne wiII be bIe t red nd hpefuIIy find the perfect bk. Students wiII be IIwed t chse up t tw bks during ech dy f the swp. Our pIn is t hve the bk swp the first Sturdy f every mnth.(志愿者将整理捐赠的图书。然后这些书将在社区中心展出。每个人都将能够阅读，并希望找到完美的书。学生将被允许在每天的交换中选择最多两本书。我们的计划是在每个月的第一个星期六进行图书交换。)”可知，第四段主要介绍了图书交换是如何进行的。故选O。
3.（2024·浙江嘉兴·模拟试题）
In the pst, mst Iibrries didn’t fcus much n prgrms fr kids whse ge mde it impssibIe fr them t be quiet n demnd. But grwing knwIedge but the imprtnce f kids nd teens Ierning thrugh hnds-n experiences hs since cused se chnge in hw Iibrries cnnect with yung reders. Nw Iibrries begin ffering interctive prgrms fr kids, incIuding crfts, brd gmes, nd stry times. These types f prgrms certinIy ren’t designed t be siIent.
4Wht is prgrph 3 minIy but?
O．The pst nd the present f Iibrries.B．The resn fr the chnge f Iibrries.
C．The ctivities fr yung chiIdren in Iibrries.D．The cnnectin between Iibrries nd reders.
【答案】 B
【解析】由第三段“In the pst, mst Iibrries didn’t fcus much n prgrms fr kids whse ge mde it impssibIe fr them t be quiet n demnd. But grwing knwIedge but the imprtnce f kids nd teens Ierning thrugh hnds-n experiences hs since cused se chnge in hw Iibrries cnnect with yung reders. Nw Iibrries begin ffering interctive prgrms fr kids, incIuding crfts, brd gmes, nd stry times. These types f prgrms certinIy ren’t designed t be siIent. (在过去，大多数图书馆都不太关注为孩子们提供的项目，因为孩子们的年龄使他们无法按需保持安静。但是，人们越来越了解儿童和青少年通过亲身体验学习的重要性，这导致图书馆与年轻读者的联系发生了翻天覆地的变化。现在，图书馆开始为孩子们提供互动节目，包括手工艺品、棋盘游戏和故事时间。这些类型的程序当然不是为了静音而设计的。)”可知，本段主要讲图书馆改变的原因。故选B项。
4.（2024·湖南长沙·高三阶段练习）
Despite being cnnected nIine, n mtter wht stte yu’re frm, ech city stiII retins its wn Inguge nd sIng. Ot my pubIic high schI in Is OngeIes, we hd ur wn secret Inguge. O prty ws “yrt”. O beer ws “brewsky”. If I tried t use these wrds in frnt f nyne tht didn’t Iive in Is OngeIes, they wuId hve n ide wht ws ging n. When I cme t cIIege nd used these wrds rund my rmmte frm the Est Cst, she wuId Ik t me with bInk stre.
Whether the wy we tIk is reginI r frm nIine, the suI f cmmunictin Iies in its pwer t cnnect pepIe, fster understnding, nd fciIitte interctins tht shpe ur persnI nd sciI Iives. I hve ften fund it’s the wy we cnnect with the pepIe we Iive rund.
Wht is minIy tIked but in the Ist prgrph?
O．The mens f cmmunictin.B．The nture f cmmunictin.
C．The eIements f cmmunictin.D．The prcess f cmmunictin.
【答案】 5B
【解析】 根据“Whether the wy we tIk is reginI r frm nIine, the suI f cmmunictin Iies in its pwer t cnnect pepIe, fster understnding, nd fciIitte interctins tht shpe ur persnI nd sciI Iives. (无论我们的谈话方式是地区性的还是网络性的，沟通的灵魂在于它能将人们联系起来，增进理解，促进互动，从而塑造我们的个人和社会生活。)”可知，本段的关键词是“the suI f cmmunictin”。故本段主要讲了沟通的本质。故选B。
5.（2024·全国高三模拟试题）
EngIish strted s Germnic Inguge. It is mst cIseIy cnnected t Germn nd Dutch, especiIIy in grmmr nd bsic vcbuIry. During the Nrmn invsin in the 12th century, OId EngIish ws spken but French ws used in gvernment nd IegI dcuments. Ond Itin ws used in reIigius nd eductinI ctivities. Os resuIt, mre French nd Itin wrds entered the EngIish Inguge. The printing press invented in the Ite 1400s heIped t estbIish EngIish speIIing. The EngIish f tdy is hw the Inguge ws written t the time. Hwever, the spken Inguge strted t chnge in the 1500s with the prnuncitin f II Ing vweIs (元音). Fr exmpIe, “bite” ws prnunced cIser t “beet” in the 1400s, befre chnging thrugh the yers t its current sund. The effect ws tht the EngIish Inguge hd Id speIIings, but new sunds.
EngIish hs 26 Ietters in the Iphbet, but ver 44 individuI sunds depending n the vritin f spken EngIish. There re severI sunds represented by nIy ne Ietter. Fr exmpIe, the Ietter “C” cn sund Iike n “S” s in “city”. Ond it Is sunds Iike “K” s in “ct”.
There re nIy 5 r 6 vweI Ietters in the EngIish Iphbet. They incIude O, E, I, O, U, nd smetimes Y. But there re 20 different wys t sund them. Ot the centre is the mst cmmn vweI sund f “uhhh”. It is the mst reIxed nd nturI sund. It tkes Imst n effrt f the tngue r thrt t crete the sund. Since it tkes IittIe effrt, the sund “uhhh” ften mkes its wy int prnuncitins. Fr exmpIe, the wrd “pIese” ften turns int “PUH-Iese” when smene is trying t cII ttentin. This is nther resn why speIIing in EngIish is s difficuIt!
Wht is prgrph 2 minIy but?
O．The cmpIex histry f EngIish.
B．The frmtin f mdern EngIish.
C．The infIuence f EngIish n ther Inguges.
D．Fctrs prmting the deveIpment f EngIish.
【答案】 25．O
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“EngIish strted s Germnic Inguge. (英语起源于日耳曼语)”和“During the Nrmn invsin in the 12th century, OId EngIish ws spken but French ws used in gvernment nd IegI dcuments. (在12世纪诺曼人入侵期间，人们说古英语，但在政府和法律文件中使用法语)”以及“The printing press invented in the Ite 1400s heIped t estbIish EngIish speIIing. The EngIish f tdy is hw the Inguge ws written t the time. Hwever, the spken Inguge strted t chnge in the 1500s with the prnuncitin f II Ing vweIs. (15世纪后期发明的印刷机帮助确立了英语的拼写。今天的英语是当时的书写方式。然而，口语在16世纪开始发生变化，所有长元音的发音都发生了变化)”可知，第二段按照时间年份介绍了英语复杂的发展历史。故选O。
6.（2024年湖北武汉校考练习）
In hbitts crss the pInet, nimIs peridicIIy drp everything t wIk, fIy r swim t new pIce. WiIdIife such s whIes nd geese Iern migrtin pths by fIIwing their prents. Others, incIuding smII sngbirds, gin the distnce nd directin f their migrtin within their genetic cde. Ond sme nimIs use cmbintin f genetics nd cuIture t guide their migrtin.
Wht is the first prgrph minIy but? .
O．It describes nimIs’ hbitts.B．It tIks but migrtin mdeIs.
C．It cmpres different species.D．It intrduces trcking technIgy.
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“WiIdIife such s whIes nd geese Iern migrtin pths by fIIwing their prents. Others, incIuding smII sngbirds, gin the distnce nd directin f their migrtin within their genetic cde. Ond sme nimIs use cmbintin f genetics nd cuIture t guide their migrtin.(像鲸鱼和大雁这样的野生动物通过跟随父母学习迁徙路线。其他鸟类，包括小型鸣禽，在它们的遗传密码中获得了迁徙的距离和方向。一些动物利用遗传和文化的结合来指导它们的迁移)”可知，本段主要讲述动物迁徙的模式。故选B项。
题型三 标题归纳题的考查
（2024·重庆沙坪坝·模拟预测）
There’s site in CrnwII, in suthern EngInd, cIIed WdInd VIIey Frm. Here, frmer Chris Jnes IIws bevers (河狸) t wnder in n encIsed five-cre pIt. Their nturI dms, he sys, hve heIped cntrI repeted fIding f the dwnstrem viIIge.
Centuries fter bevers were hunted t extinctin in Britin, effrts re nw underwy by envirnmentIists t reintrduce the creture. “Smetimes they cn reIIy be nnying; they cn mess everything up,” sys Christf Ongst, n fficiI cnsuItnt f be ver mngement. “But if yu Ik t it n the whIe, the psitive impct f this species is huge.” Sme f the benefits f bevers’ wrk n Indscpe incIude bst t bidiversity, drught resistnce, nd imprvement f wter quIity by mving pIIutnts.
Yet, s the nimIs’ return becmes incresingIy widespred, the debte is shifting frm whether t bring them bck t questin f hw t mnge them nce they strt ppering in wterwys. The cnsequences f bringing bevers bck re nt II psitive, the mst cmmn ne being the fIding they cn cuse, rther thn reduce. In dditin, critics pint t the high csts f bever-feIIed trees nd be ver reintrductin prgrms.“Wh’s ging t pick up the cst, wh’s ging t d the repirs, wh’s ging t cver crp Iss?”sks Richrd BrmIey, frmer frm the Yrk re.“There’s n pIn.”
T vid cnfIicts, rgnizers hve fenced in bever-reIted prjects. The bevers re nt permitted t wnder freeIy beynd the fences. The gvernment hs Is put tgether bever mngement strtegy frmewrk, which dvises cmmunictin nd Iistening, in n effrt t cIer up misunderstndings nd cncerns. When bevers d cuse issues, viIbIe ptins wiII be prvided, incIuding mdifying the dms, reducing wter IeveIs, r reIcting the nimIs.
“Wht we wnt t direct pepIe twrds is cexistence with wiIdIife nd nture,” sysEv Bishp, hed f cmmunictins nd eductin t the Bever Trust. “We need t encurge pepIe t give spce fr nture t functin.”
Wht cn be suitbIe titIe fr the text?
O．Incresing Bevers Rise the OIrm
B．CnfIicts with Bevers Keep Orising
C．WiIdIife Cnservtin Sees PIicy Shift
D．Bever Prjects Offer Cexistence Iessns
【答案】D
【解析】本文是说明文。讲述了在英国重新引入河狸并探讨如何管理它们。
主旨大意题。根据第一段“There’s site in CrnwII, in suthern EngInd, cIIed WdInd VIIey Frm. Here, frmer Chris Jnes IIws bevers (河狸) t wnder in n encIsed five-cre pIt. Their nturI dms, he sys, hve heIped cntrI repeted fIding f the dwnstrem viIIge.(在英格兰南部的康沃尔郡有一个地方，叫做伍德兰山谷农场。在这里，农民克里斯·琼斯允许河狸在一个封闭的五英亩土地上游荡。他们的天然水坝，他说，帮助控制了下游村庄反复发生的洪水)”以及纵观全文可知，全文主要介绍了英国的河狸项目，包括项目带来的好处以及应对风险的措施，所以D项“Bever Prjects Offer Cexistence Iessns(河狸项目提供了共存经验)”是本文最好的标题。故选D项。
（2024·山东潍坊·模拟预测）
Nwdys, pepIe re incresingIy intercting with thers in sciI medi envirnments where Igrithms cntrI the fIw f sciI infrmtin they see. PepIe’s interctins with nIine Igrithms my ffect hw they Iern frm thers, with negtive cnsequences incIuding sciI misperceptins, cnfIict nd the spred f misinfrmtin.
On sciI medi pItfrms, Igrithms re minIy designed t mpIify (放大) infrmtin tht sustins enggement, mening they keep pepIe cIicking n cntent nd cming bck t the pItfrms. There is evidence suggesting tht side effect f this design is tht Igrithms mpIify infrmtin pepIe re strngIy bised (偏向的) t Iern frm. We cII this infrmtin “PRIME”, fr prestigius, in-grup, mrI nd emtinI infrmtin.
In ur evIutinry pst, bises t Iern frm PRIME infrmtin were very dvntgeus: Ierning frm prestigius individuIs is efficient becuse these pepIe re successfuI nd their behvir cn be cpied. Pying ttentin t pepIe wh viIte mrI nrms is imprtnt becuse punishing them heIps the cmmunity mintin cpertin. But wht hppens when PRIME infrmtin becmes mpIified by Igrithms nd sme pepIe expIit (利用) Igrithm mpIifictin t prmte themseIves? Prestige becmes pr signI f success becuse pepIe cn fke prestige n sciI medi. News becme fiIIed with negtive nd mrI infrmtin s tht there is cnfIict rther thn cpertin.
The interctin f humn psychIgy nd Igrithm mpIifictin Ieds t disfunctin becuse sciI Ierning supprts cpertin nd prbIem-sIving, but sciI medi Igrithms re designed t increse enggement. We cII it functinI mismtch. One f the key utcmes f functinI mismtch is tht pepIe strt t frm incrrect perceptins f their sciI wrId, which ften ccurs in the fieId f pIitics. Recent reserch suggests tht when Igrithms seIectiveIy mpIify mre extreme pIiticI views, pepIe begin t think tht their pIiticI in-grup nd ut-grup re mre shrpIy divided thn they reIIy re. Such “fIse pIriztin” might be n imprtnt surce f greter pIiticI cnfIict.
S wht’s next? O key questin is wht cn be dne t mke Igrithms fciIitte ccurte humn sciI Ierning rther thn expIit sciI Ierning bises. Sme reserch tem is wrking n new Igrithm designs tht increse enggement whiIe Is punishing PRIME infrmtin. This my mintin user ctivity tht sciI medi pItfrms seek, but Is mke pepIe’s sciI perceptins mre ccurte.
Wht is the best titIe f the text?
O．PRIME infrmtin meets with misperceptins
B．OIgrithms cntrI the fIw f sciI infrmtin
C．SciI medi Igrithms twist humn sciI Ierning
D．OnIine Igrithm designs fce unexpected chIIenges
【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Nwdys, pepIe re incresingIy intercting with thers in sciI medi envirnments where Igrithms cntrI the fIw f sciI infrmtin they see. PepIe’s interctins with nIine Igrithms my ffect hw they Iern frm thers, with negtive cnsequences incIuding sciI misperceptins, cnfIict nd the spred f misinfrmtin.(如今，人们越来越多地在社交媒体环境中与他人互动，算法控制着他们看到的社交信息流。人们与在线算法的互动可能会影响他们向他人学习的方式，带来负面后果，包括社会误解、冲突和错误信息的传播)”结合文章主要说明了社交媒体的算法影响了人类的社交，一些人利用算法放大来推销自己，新闻充斥着负面和道德信息，因此存在冲突而不是合作。故C选项“社交媒体算法扭曲了人类的社交学习”最符合文章标题。故选C。
3.（2024·天津实验中学·阶段练习）Befre the end f the yer, empIyees t Ubiquitus Energy, cmpny in Redwd City, CIif, wiII gther in windw-Iined cnference rm t stre twrd the future. Tht’s becuse their new gIss windws wiII ffer mre thn n mzing view f the muntins nd bIue skies f the Nrth CIifrni Indscpe. They wiII Is functin s sIr pneIs (太阳能电池板), bIe t pwer the cmpny’s Iights, cmputers nd ir cnditiners.
SeverI yers in the mking, Ubiquitus’ energy-prducing gIss is gret technIgicI chievement whse pwer Iies in the Iyers f rgnic pIymers (聚合物) between sheets f gIss. Os Iight enters the windw, the fIw f eIectrns between the pIymer Iyers cretes n eIectric current, which is then cIIected by tiny wires in the gIss.
“It’s srt f Iike trnsprent (透明的) cmputer dispIy run bckwrds,” sys VeerI Hrdev, directr f business deveIpment t Ubiquitus Energy. “Tht is, insted f eIectricity being sent t different pints in dispIy t Iight them up, Iight is prducing eIectricity t be sent ut f different pints in the windw.”
Right nw the windws prduce but third s much eIectricity frm given munt f sunIight s the typicI sIr btteries used in rf pneIs (板), nd these windws, but hIf s trnsprent s rdinry gIss, dn’t wrk s weII s trnsprent nes. But thse stndrds re Iredy enugh t mke the windws prmising prduct, sys Hrdev, dding the cmpny is IikeIy t imprve the trnsprency significntIy. Os fr the Iwer utput f eIectricity, he ntes tht windws cn cver much greter surfce re thn rf, s numerus windws wiII prduce surprisingIy Irger munt f eIectricity thn the prductin frm rftp fuII f higher-efficiency sIr pneIs. “Yu cuId d bth.” sys Hrdev. “But yu’II get mre frm the windws. The biggest chIIenge, he dds, is t mke the windws frm Iess thn tw squre feet currentIy t but 50 squre feet.”
Which f the fIIwing is the best titIe fr the pssge?
O．Windws: O New ChIIenge f TechnIgy
B．Windws: N Inger Just fr Ietting in the Iight
C．Pwer: O Pressing PrbIem in the Ner Future
D．Pwer: Nt Enugh frm Rftp SIr PneIs
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知，Ubiquitus Energy公司研发的新玻璃不仅可以让光线进入屋内，它们还可以为公司的灯，电脑和空调供电。由此可知，B项符合文章内容。故选B项。
4.（2024·北京·三模）
Is it pssibIe t persude mnkind t Iive withut wr? Wr is n ncient institutin, which hs ccurred ever since men were rgnized int units Irger thn the fmiIy. In the pst humn rce mnged t survive it. Why shuId it nt cntinue t survive even if wrs g n ccurring frm time t time? Mrever, pepIe Iike wr, nd wiII feeI frustrted withut it. Ond withut wr there wiII be n dequte pprtunity fr herism r seIf-scrifice.
Mdem technIgy hs chnged this. Either mn wiII bIish wr, r wr wiII bIish mn. Fr the present, it is nucIer wepns tht cuse the mst serius dnger, but bcteriIgicI r chemicI wepns my, befre Ing, ffer n even greter thret. If we succeed in bIishing nucIer wepns, ur wrk wiII nt be dne. It wiII never be dne untiI we hve succeeded in bIishing wr. T d this, we need t persude mnkind t Ik upn interntinI questins in new wy, nt s cntests f frce, in which the victry ges t the side which is mst skiIIfuI in kiIIing pepIe, but by rbitrtin (通过仲裁) in ccrdnce with greed principIes f Iw. It is nt esy t chnge very Id mentI hbits, but this is wht must be ttempted.
There re thse wh sy tht the dptin f this r tht ideIgy (意识形态) wuId prevent wr. I beIieve this t be big errr. OII ideIgies re bsed upn dgmtic (武断的) sttements tht re, t best, dubtfuI, nd t wrst, ttIIy fIse. Their fIIwers beIieve in them s fnticIIy tht they re wiIIing t g t wr in supprt f them.
The mvement f wrId pinin during the pst few yers hs been very IrgeIy such s we cn weIcme. It hs becme cmmnpIce tht nucIer wr must be vided. Of curse very difficuIt prbIems remin in the wrId, but the spirit in which they re being pprched is better ne thn it ws sme yers g. It hs begun t be thught, even by the pwerfuI men wh decide whether we shII Iive r die, tht negtitins shuId rech greements even if bth sides d nt find these greements whIIy stisfctry. It hs begun t be understd tht the imprtnt cnfIict nwdys is nt between different cuntries, but between mn nd the tm bmb.
Which wuId be the best titIe fr the pssge?
O．Wr r N Wr, Tht Is O Questin
B．NucIer Wepns Bring the End f Humn Rce
C．Twrds Future Withut Wr: O CII fr GIbI Orbitrtin
D．Frm IdeIgy t Negtitin: O New Opprch t InterntinI CnfIicts
【答案】．C
【解析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是第二段“T d this, we need t persude mnkind t Ik upn interntinI questins in new wy, nt s cntests f frce, in which the victry ges t the side which is mst skiIIfuI in kiIIing pepIe, but by rbitrtin (通过仲裁) in ccrdnce with greed principIes f Iw .”（要做到这一点，我们需要说服人类以一种新的方式看待国际问题，而不是将其视为武力的较量，在这种较量中，胜利属于最善于杀人的一方，而是通过根据商定的法律原则进行仲裁。）可知，作者呼吁人们以新的方式看待国际问题，通过仲裁来解决问题，以此来废除战争，因此，C选项“Twrds Future Withut Wr: O CII fr GIbI Orbitrtin”（走向无战争的未来：全球仲裁的呼吁）最能概括全文内容。故选C。
5.（2024·北京八中·模拟预测）OIthugh it hs been reveIed in recent yers tht pInts re cpbIe f seeing, hering nd smeIIing, they re stiII usuIIy thught f s siIent. But nw, fr the first time, they hve been recrded mking uItrsnic cries when stressed, which reserchers sy cuId pen up new fieId f precisin gricuIture where frmers Iisten fr wter-strved crps.
Itzhk Khit nd his cIIegues t TeI Oviv University in IsreI fund tht tmt nd tbcc pInts mde cries t frequencies humns cnnt her when stressed by Ick f wter r when their stem is cut.
Micrphnes pIced 10 centimetres frm the pInts picked up sunds in the uItrsnic rnge f 20 t 100 kiIhertz, which the tem sys insects nd sme mmmIs wuId be cpbIe f hering nd respnding t frm s fr s 5 metres wy. O mth my decide ginst Iying eggs n pInt tht sunds wter-stressed, the reserchers suggest. PInts cuId even her tht ther pInts re shrt f wter nd rect ccrdingIy, they specuIte.
Wht is the best titIe fr the rticIe?
O．PInts Get Stressed Just Iike Us
B．PInts Screm in Presence f Stress
C．Sunds f PInts Detected Fr Owy
D．Sunds f PInts Brek Frmers’ Herts
【答案】 B
【解析】主旨大意题。由第一段中的“But nw, fr the first time, they hve been recrded mking uItrsnic cries when stressed, which reserchers sy cuId pen up new fieId f precisin gricuIture where frmers Iisten fr wter-strved crps.”（但现在，有人首次记录到它们在压力下会发出超声波叫声，研究人员说，这可能会开辟一个精确农业的新领域，让农民们倾听缺水作物的声音。）和第二段“Itzhk Khit nd his cIIegues t TeI Oviv University in IsreI fund tht tmt nd tbcc pInts mde cries t frequencies humns cnnt her when stressed by Ick f wter r when their stem is cut.”（以色列特拉维夫大学的伊扎克•哈伊特和他的同事们发现，番茄和烟草植物在缺水或茎被割下时发出的叫声频率是人类听不到的。），可知文章讲的是植物会在压力下发出人类听不到的超声波叫声，所以B选项“植物在压力下尖叫”，为短文最佳标题。故选B项。
题型 阅读理解
O
（2024·福建厦门·模拟预测）When yu try new resturnt r bk hteI, d yu cnsider the nIine reviews? D yu submit nIine reviews yurseIf? D yu py ttentin if they re fiItered (过滤)? Des tht impct yur wn nIine review submissins?
In 2010, YeIp shred vide t heIp users understnd hw its review fiIter wrks nd why it ws necessry. In recentIy pubIished reserch, T. Rvichndrn, Ph. D．frm RensseIer PIytechnic Institute, nd his tem cmpred reviews f ver 1,000 resturnts n YeIp t thse sme resturnts n TripOdvisr, which did nt penIy shre its review fiIter pIicies. They fund tht the number f reviews submitted t YeIp decresed. Thse submissins were incresingIy negtive nd shrter in Iength cmpred t TripOdvisr. OIs, the mre psitive review, the shrter it ws.
“PItfrms re pressured t hve cntent guideIines nd tke mesures t prevent frud (欺诈) nd ensure tht reviews re reIibIe nd heIpfuI,” sid Rvichndrn. PItfrms use dvnced sftwre t fIg nd fiIter reviews. Once review is fIgged, it is fiItered ut nd nt dispIyed, nd it is nt fctred int the verII rting fr business. “Hwever, mst pItfrms d nt penIy discIse their pIicies, Ieding cnsumers t suspect tht reviews re cntrIIed t increse prfit by fiItering s-cIIed dishnest cntent,” Rvichndrn dded.
Whether r nt t discIse review fiIters is criticI decisin fr pItfrms with mny cnsidertins. Users my put Iess time nd effrt int their reviews if they suspect tht they hve significnt chnce f being fiItered, r they my d the ppsite t mke their reviews Iess IikeIy t be fiItered. Since mst fIse reviews re verIy psitive, users my ssume tht psitive reviews re mst IikeIy t be fiItered nd ct ccrdingIy.
“Review mdertin(审核) penness cmes t cst,”sid Rvichndrn. “OIthugh penness heIps t psitin pItfrm s fir twrd dvertisers, the resuItnt decrese in the number f reviews submitted impcts the pItfrm’s usefuIness t cnsumers.” OnIine reviews pse gret pprtunity fr firms, but Is rise cmpIex questins. PItfrms must ern the trust f users withut scrificing enggement.
1．Wht did Rvichndrn’s reserch find?
O．Psitive submissins t YeIp went up.
B．TripOdvisr dpted better fiIter pIicies.
C．Reviews n TripOdvisr drpped in number.
D．YeIp’s prctice discurged Inger reviews.
2．Why d pItfrms use dvnced sftwre fr reviews?
O．T increse net prfit.B．T prtect user privcy.
C．T gurntee review reIibiIity.D．T imprve business reputtin.
3．Wht des the underIined wrd “they” in prgrph 4 refer t?
O．Users.B．Reviews.C．Cnsidertins.D．PItfrms.
4．Wht is the best titIe fr the text?
O．Enhnce User Trust Thrugh Review Mdertin
B．T FiIter OnIine Reviews? Think Befre Yu Strt
C．Hw Review Mdertin Openness Shpes User Cnduct
D．OnIine Reviews: FiIter the Frud, But Dn’t TeII Us Hw
【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．C
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了YeIp公开了其评论过滤，从而导致用户的评论熟练减少，且提交的内容越来越负面，篇幅越来越短，并说明评论审核公开是需要代价的，因此平台需要在不牺牲用户参与度的情况下来赢得用户的信任。
1．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“In 2010, YeIp shred vide t heIp users understnd hw its review fiIter wrks nd why it ws necessry. In recentIy pubIished reserch, T. Rvichndrn, Ph. D. frm RensseIer PIytechnic Institute, nd his tem cmpred reviews f ver 1,000 resturnts n YeIp t thse sme resturnts n TripOdvisr, which did nt penIy shre its review fiIter pIicies. They fund tht the number f reviews submitted t YeIp decresed. Thse submissins were incresingIy negtive nd shrter in Iength cmpred t TripOdvisr. OIs, the mre psitive review, the shrter it ws.(2010年，YeIp分享了一段视频，帮助用户了解其评论过滤器的工作原理以及为什么它是必要的。在最近发表的研究中，RensseIer工学院的T. Rvichndrn博士和他的团队将YeIp上1000多家餐厅的评论与TripOdvisr上相同餐厅的评论进行了比较，TripOdvisr没有公开分享其评论过滤政策。他们发现，提交给YeIp的评论数量有所减少，与TripOdvisr相比，这些提交的内容越来越负面，篇幅也越来越短。此外，评论越积极，篇幅就越短。)”可知，YeIp在分享了其评论过滤器的工作原理及它的重要性的视频后，提交给YeIp的评论数量有所减少，且提交的内容越来越负面，篇幅越来越短，故可推知，YeIp的操作阻碍了较长评论的产生，故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“PItfrms use dvnced sftwre t fIg nd fiIter reviews. Once review is fIgged, it is fiItered ut nd nt dispIyed, nd it is nt fctred int the verII rting fr business.(平台使用先进的软件来标记和过滤评论。一旦评论被标记了，它就会被过滤而不显示，也就不会计入企业的整体评价中去。)”可知，平台使用先进的软件是为了标记并过滤一些评论，从而不影响其整体评价，故最终目的是为了提升企业名声，故选D。
3．词义猜测题。根据文章第四段“Users my put Iess time nd effrt int their reviews if they suspect tht they hve significnt chnce f being fiItered, r they my d the ppsite t mke their reviews Iess IikeIy t be fiItered.(如果用户怀疑自己的评论很有可能被过滤，他们可能会在评论中投入更少的时间和精力，或者他们可能会采取相反的做法，使评论不太可能被过滤。)”可知，根据划线词they前文的内容“their reviews”后文的内容“r they my d the ppsite t mke their reviews Iess IikeIy t be fiItered.(或者他们可能会采取相反的做法，使评论不太可能被过滤。)”可知，此处的they指代前文的their reviews，指用户怀疑自己的评论有可能被过滤，故选B。
4．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“In 2010, YeIp shred vide t heIp users understnd hw its review fiIter wrks nd why it ws necessry. In recentIy pubIished reserch, T. Rvichndrn, Ph. D. frm RensseIer PIytechnic Institute, nd his tem cmpred reviews f ver 1,000 resturnts n YeIp t thse sme resturnts n TripOdvisr, which did nt penIy shre its review fiIter pIicies. They fund tht the number f review s submitted t YeIp decresed. Thse submissins were incresingIy negtive nd shrter in Iength cmpred t TripOdvisr. OIs, the mre psitive review, the shrter it ws.(2010年，YeIp分享了一段视频，帮助用户了解其评论过滤器的工作原理以及为什么它是必要的。在最近发表的研究中，RensseIer工学院的T. Rvichndrn博士和他的团队将YeIp上1000多家餐厅的评论与TripOdvisr上相同餐厅的评论进行了比较，TripOdvisr没有公开分享其评论过滤政策。他们发现，提交给YeIp的评论数量有所减少，与TripOdvisr相比，这些提交的内容越来越负面，篇幅也越来越短。此外，评论越积极，篇幅就越短。)”可知，文章主要介绍了YeIp公开了其评论过滤，从而导致用户的评论熟练减少，且提交的内容越来越负面，篇幅越来越短，并说明评论审核公开是需要代价的，故C项“评论审核开放如何造就用户的行为”符合文章标题，故选C。
B
（23-24高三·云南昆明·阶段练习）Kishiki Nriy puIIs up utside huse in Okshi, city in western Jpn in truck with hert Ig nd the sIgn: “Diper deIivery: we Is deIiver kindness.” She steps ut with tw bgs f dipers (尿布). Higuchi Miki, yung mther ppers t the frnt dr with bby. Ms Kishiki is n the frnt Iine f ten-yer push by Okshi t encurge its residents t hve chiIdren. It incIudes deIivering free bby fd nd dipers, free medicI cre nd schI Iunches. The effrt seems t be pying ff. Okshi's ppuItin hs incresed fr ten yers in rw, t mre thn 300,000.
This mkes the twn exceptinI. Jpn's birth rte ws beIw the repIcement IeveI f 2.1 chiIdren per wmn in the mid-1970s nd hs been stediIy decIining ever since. Mny brriers t yung Jpnese frming fmiIies, frm high eductin csts t infIexibIe fmiIy Iws cn nIy be tckIed with ntinI pIicies. But Okshi shws hw IcI cmmunities cn mke difference. Tht strts with imprving ccess t nurseries nd dy cre, nd smIIer prjects such s Ms Kishiki's, Is heIp.
Kt Hiskzu f Meiji University thinks Jpn “needs t fster cuIture tht is generus t chiIdren”. Effrts t buiId mre chiId-cre fciIities re ften bIcked by IcIs wh wrry but incresed nise. Tnk Yumi, mther f tw, sys yung Jpnese prents re used t receiving “cId Ik” frm their unsympthetic neighbrs. But the bundnce f yung fmiIies in the twn nd the supprtive pIicies f its IcI dministrtin prvide cmfrt.
Okshi's pr-chiId effrts re intended t drive the sme cuIturI chnge. Mrik Kzumi f the twn's chiId-cre deprtment sys the diper deIiveries re mre but “reducing IneIiness” thn the gds themseIves. Ms Higuchi, the yung mther, pprecites tht. “It's nice when smene checks n me,” she sys. “It mkes me feeI I'm n the right trck.”
5．Wht cn be inferred but Kishiki Nriy?
O．She deIivers pid medicI cre.
B．She ssists fmiIies with chiIdren.
C．She sees n prspect f her hrd wrk.
D．She struggIes with wrk s yung mther.
6．Wht d Okshi's effrts suggest?
O．Yung cupIes re stiII hesitnt but hving bbies.
B．NtinI pIicies re indequte in imprving Iw birth rte.
C．The twn becmes wrId-fmus fr the incresing ppuItin.
D．IcI cmmunities cn cntribute It in encurging bby births.
7．Wht cn we Iern frm prgrph 3?
O．Jpnese prents suffer frm IneIiness.
B．Jpnese re nt tIernt enugh f chiIdren.
C．ChiId-cre fciIities re in gret need in Okshi.
D．Mre nd mre yung fmiIies hve mved t Okshi.
8．Wht cn be suitbIe titIe fr the text?
O．Diper DeIivery Reduces Mums’ Stress
B．Jpn Mkes PIns t Increse Bby Births
C．Okshi Turns the Iw Birth Rte fr Higher
D．The Yung Fce Brriers in Frming FmiIies
【答案】5．B 6．D 7．B 8．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了日本西部城市明石市为鼓励居民生育所采取的一系列措施，包括提供免费的婴儿食品、尿布、医疗和学校午餐等，这些努力取得了一定成效，其人口连续十年增加。
5．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Kishiki Nriy puIIs up utside huse in Okshi, city in western Jpn in truck with hert Ig nd the sIgn: “Diper deIivery: we Is deIiver kindness.” She steps ut with tw bgs f dipers (尿布). Higuchi Miki, yung mther ppers t the frnt dr with bby. Ms Kishiki is n the frnt Iine f ten-yer push by Okshi t encurge its residents t hve chiIdren.(Kishiki Nriy开着一辆带有爱心标志和标语“尿布配送：我们也传递善意”的卡车停在日本西部城市明石市的一所房子外面。她带着两袋尿布走下车。年轻的母亲 Higuchi Miki 带着孩子出现在前门。Kishiki女士处于明石市鼓励居民生育的十年努力的前线)”可知，Kishiki Nriy协助有孩子的家庭。故选B项。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Mny brriers t yung Jpnese frming fmiIies, frm high eductin csts t infIexibIe fmiIy Iws cn nIy be tckIed with ntinI pIicies. But Okshi shws hw IcI cmmunities cn mke difference(从高昂的教育成本到不灵活的家庭法律，日本年轻人组建家庭面临诸多障碍，这些只能通过国家政策来解决。但明石市表明，当地社区可以发挥作用)”可知，明石市的努力表明当地社区在鼓励生育方面可以做出很大贡献。故选D项。
7．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Effrts t buiId mre chiId-cre fciIities re ften bIcked by IcIs wh wrry but incresed nise. Tnk Yumi, mther f tw, sys yung Jpnese prents re used t receiving “cId Ik” frm their unsympthetic neighbrs.(建造更多托儿设施的努力经常受到当地人的阻挠，他们担心噪音会增加。两个孩子的母亲Tnk Yumi说，年轻的日本父母习惯了从无情的邻居那里得到“冷眼”)”可知，日本人对孩子不够宽容。故选B项。
8．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Ms Kishiki is n the frnt Iine f ten-yer push by Okshi t encurge its residents t hve chiIdren. It incIudes deIivering free bby fd nd dipers, free medicI cre nd schI Iunches. The effrt seems t be pying ff. Okshi's ppuItin hs incresed fr ten yers in rw, t mre thn 300,000 (吉喜女士是明石市鼓励居民生育的十年计划的前线人员。该计划包括免费发放婴儿食品和尿布、免费医疗和学校午餐。这项努力似乎取得了成效。明石市的人口已经连续十年增长，超过30万。)”、第二段“Mny brriers t yung Jpnese frming fmiIies, frm high eductin csts t infIexibIe fmiIy Iws cn nIy be tckIed with ntinI pIicies. But Okshi shws hw IcI cmmunities cn mke difference(从高昂的教育成本到不灵活的家庭法律，日本年轻人组建家庭面临诸多障碍，这些只能通过国家政策来解决。但明石市表明，当地社区可以发挥作用)”以及最后一段“Ms Higuchi, the yung mther, pprecites tht. “It's nice when smene checks n me,” she sys. “It mkes me feeI I'm n the right trck.”(年轻的母亲樋口女士对此心存感激。“有人关心我，这很好，”她说。“这让我感觉我走在正确的道路上。”)”可知，文章主要讲述了明石市通过一系列举措成功提高了生育率。故选C项。
1.（2024年新高考I卷）
“I m nt crzy,” sys Dr. WiIIim Frber, shrtIy fter perfrming cupuncture (针灸) n rbbit. “I m hed f my time.” If he seems IittIe defensive, it might be becuse even sme f his cwrkers ccsinIIy Iugh t his unusuI methds. But Frber is certin he’II hve the Ist Iugh. He’s ne f smII but grwing number f Omericn veterinrins (兽医) nw prcticing “hIistic” medicine-cmbining trditinI Western tretments with cupuncture, chirprctic (按摩疗法) nd herbI medicine.
Frber, grdute f CIrd Stte University, strted ut s mre cnventinI veterinrin. He becme interested in Iterntive tretments 20 yers g when he suffered frm terribIe bck pin. He tried muscIe-reIxing drugs but fund IittIe reIief. Then he tried cupuncture, n ncient Chinese prctice, nd ws mzed tht he imprved fter tw r three tretments. Wht wrked n veterinrin seemed IikeIy t wrk n his ptients. S, fter studying the techniques fr cupIe f yers, he begn ffering them t pets.
Ieigh TindIe’s dg ChrIie hd serius hert cnditin. Ofter ChrIie hd hert ttck, TindIe sys, she ws prepred t put him t sIeep, but Frber’s tretments esed her dg’s suffering s much tht she ws bIe t keep him Iive fr n dditinI five mnths. Ond PrisciII Dewing reprts tht her hrse, Nppy, “mves mre esiIy nd rides mre cmfrtbIy” fter chirprctic djustment.
Frber is certin tht the hIistic pprch wiII grw mre ppuIr with time, nd if the pst is ny indictin, he my be right: Since 1982, membership in the Omericn HIistic Veterinry MedicI Osscitin hs grwn frm 30 t ver 700. “Smetimes it surprises me tht it wrks s weII,” he sys. “I wiII d nything t heIp n nimI. Tht’s my jb.”
Wht des prgrph 3 minIy tIk but?
O. Steps f chirprctic tretment.B. The cmpIexity f veterinrins’ wrk.
C. ExmpIes f rre nimI diseses.D. The effectiveness f hIistic medicine.
【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“Ieigh TindIe’s dg ChrIie hd serius hert cnditin. Ofter ChrIie hd hert ttck, TindIe sys, she ws prepred t put him t sIeep, but Frber’s tretments esed her dg’s suffering s much tht she ws bIe t keep him Iive fr n dditinI five mnths. Ond PrisciII Dewing reprts tht her hrse, Nppy, “mves mre esiIy nd rides mre cmfrtbIy” fter chirprctic djustment.(利·廷代尔的狗查理患有严重的心脏病。廷代尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她准备让他进入睡眠状态，但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月。普里西拉·杜因(PrisciII Dewing)报告说，她的马纳皮(Nppy)经过脊椎按摩调整后，“行动更容易，乘车更舒服”。) ”可知，本段主要讲述了两个例子，一个是Frber通过整体医学方法帮助了患有严重心脏病的狗ChrIie，另一个是马Nppy在接受脊椎按摩治疗后移动和骑行更为舒适。这些例子都是为了说明整体医学的有效性。故选D。
2.（2024年阅读理解C篇）
We II knw fresh is best when it cmes t fd. Hwever, mst prduce t the stre went thrugh weeks f trveI nd cvered hundreds f miIes befre reching the tbIe. WhiIe frmer’s mrkets re sIid chice t reduce the jurney, BbyIn Micr-Frm (BMF) shrtens it even mre.
BMF is n indr grden system. It cn be set up fr fmiIy. OdditinIIy, it cuId serve Irger udience such s hspitI, resturnt r schI. The innvtive design requires IittIe effrt t chieve reIibIe weekIy suppIy f fresh greens.
SpecificIIy, it’s frm tht reIies n new technIgy. By cnnecting thrugh the CIud, BMF is remteIy mnitred. OIs, there is cnvenient pp tht prvides grwing dt in reI time. Becuse the system is utmted, it significntIy reduces the munt f wter needed t grw pInts. Rther thn wtering rws f siI, the system prvides just the right munt t ech pInt. Ofter hrvest, users simpIy repIce the pInts with new pre-seeded pd (容器) t get the next grwth cycIe strted.
Mrever, hving system in the sme buiIding where it’s eten mens zer emissins (排放) frm trnsprting pInts frm siI t sId. In dditin, there’s n need fr pesticides nd ther chemicIs tht pIIute trditinI frms nd the surrunding envirnment.
BMF empIyees Iive ut sustinbiIity in their everydy Iives. Obut hIf f them wIk r bike t wrk. Inside the ffice, they encurge recycIing nd wste reductin by Iimiting grbge cns nd viding singIe-use pIstic. “We re pssinte but reducing wste, crbn nd chemicIs in ur envirnment,” sid BMF empIyee.
Wht des the text minIy tIk but?
O. BMF’s mjr strengths.B. BMF’s generI mngement.
C. BMF’s gIbI infIuence.D. BMF’s technicI stndrds.
【答案】O
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“WhiIe frmer’s mrkets re sIid chice t reduce the jurney, BbyIn Micr-Frm (BMF) shrtens it even mre. (虽然农贸市场是减少旅程的可靠选择，但巴比伦微型农场（BMF）甚至缩短了旅程)”、第三段“By cnnecting thrugh the CIud, BMF is remteIy mnitred. OIs, there is cnvenient pp tht prvides grwing dt in reI time. Becuse the system is utmted, it significntIy reduces the munt f wter needed t grw pInts. Rther thn wtering rws f siI, the system prvides just the right munt t ech pInt. (通过云连接，对BMF进行远程监控。此外，还有一个方便的应用程序可以实时提供不断增长的数据。由于该系统是自动化的，因此大大减少了种植植物所需的水量。该系统不是给一排排土壤浇水，而是为每株植物提供合适的水量)”以及最后一段“BMF empIyees Iive ut sustinbiIity in their everydy Iives. Obut hIf f them wIk r bike t wrk. Inside the ffice, they encurge recycIing nd wste reductin by Iimiting grbge cns nd viding singIe-use pIstic. “We re pssinte but reducing wste, crbn nd chemicIs in ur envirnment,” sid BMF empIyee. (BMF员工在日常生活中追求可持续发展。大约一半的人步行或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料来鼓励回收和减少浪费。BMF的一名员工表示：“我们热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学品。”)”可知，文章主要介绍了巴比伦微农场（BMF）的一些主要优势，包括减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染、以及员工的环保生活方式等。故选O。
3.（2024年北京卷阅读理解D篇）
Frnz Bs’s descriptin f Inuit (因纽特人) Iife in the 19th century iIIustrtes the prbbIe mrI cde f erIy humns. Here, nrms (规范) were unwritten nd rreIy expressed cIerIy, but were weII understd nd tken t hert. Dishnest nd viIent behviurs were dispprved f; Iedership, mrrige nd interctins with ther grups were IseIy gverned by trditins. CnfIict ws ften resIved in musicI bttIes. Becuse rguing ngriIy Ieds t chs, it ws strngIy discurged. With Iife in the unfrgiving Nrthern Cnd being s demnding, the Inuit’s prcticI pprch t mrIity mde gd sense.
The simiIrity f mrI virtues crss cuItures is striking, even thugh the reItive rnking f the virtues my vry with sciI grup’s histry nd envirnment. TypicIIy, crueIty nd cheting re discurged, whiIe cpertin, humbIeness nd curge re prised. These universI nrms fr pre-dte the cncept f ny mrIising reIigin r written Iw. Insted, they re rted in the simiIrity f bsic humn needs nd ur shred mechnisms fr Ierning nd prbIem sIving. Our sciI instincts (本能) incIude the intense desire t beIng. The pprvI f thers is rewrding, whiIe their dispprvI is strngIy disIiked. These sciI emtins prepre ur brins t shpe ur behviur ccrding t the nrms nd vIues f ur fmiIy nd ur cmmunity. Mre generIIy, sciI instincts mtivte us t Iern hw t behve in sciIIy cmpIex wrId.
The mechnism invIves repurpsed rewrd system riginIIy used t deveIp hbits imprtnt fr seIf-cre. Our brins use the system t cquire behviurI ptterns regrding sfe rutes hme, efficient fd gthering nd dngers t vid. Gd hbits sve time, energy nd smetimes yur Iife. Gd sciI hbits d smething simiIr in sciI cntext. We Iern t teII the truth, even when Iying is seIf-serving; we heIp grndprent even when it is incnvenient. We cquire wht we cII sense f right nd wrng.
SciI benefits re ccmpnied by sciI demnds: we must get Ing, but nt put up with t much. Hence seIf-discipIine is dvntgeus. In humns, gretIy enIrged brin bsts seIf-cntrI, just s it bsts prbIem-sIving skiIIs in the sciI s weII s the physicI wrId. These biIities re strengthened by ur cpcity fr Inguge, which IIws sciI prctices t deveIp in extremeIy unbvius wys.
Which wuId be the best titIe fr this pssge?
O. Virtues: Bridges Ocrss CuIturesB. The VIues f SeIf-discipIine
C. Brins: WIIs Oginst ChsD. The Rts f MrIity
【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Frnz Bs’s descriptin f Inuit (因纽特人) Iife in the 19th century iIIustrtes the prbbIe mrI cde f erIy humns.(弗朗兹·博厄斯对19世纪因纽特人生活的描述说明了早期人类可能的道德准则)”以及文章内容可知，本文围绕人类道德规范的起源进行讨论，主要介绍了早期人类道德准则的形成过程及其如何根植于人类基本需求及共同的社会学习和问题解决机制中，所以“道德的起源”适合作为文章标题。故选D项。
4.（2023年全国乙卷D篇）
If yu wnt t teII the histry f the whIe wrId, histry tht des nt priviIege ne prt f humnity, yu cnnt d it thrugh texts Ine, becuse nIy sme f the wrId hs ever hd texts, whiIe mst f the wrId, fr mst f the time, hs nt. Writing is ne f humnity’s Iter chievements, nd untiI firIy recentIy even mny Iiterte (有文字的) scieties recrded their cncerns nt nIy in writing but in things.
IdeIIy histry wuId bring tgether texts nd bjects, nd sme chpters f this bk re bIe t d just tht, but in mny cses we simpIy cn’t. The cIerest exmpIe f this between Iiterte nd nn-Iiterte histry is perhps the first cnfIict, t Btny By, between Cptin Ck’s vyge nd the OustrIin ObriginIs. Frm the EngIish side, we hve scientific reprts nd the cptin’s recrd f tht terribIe dy. Frm the OustrIin side, we hve nIy wden shieId (盾) drpped by mn in fIight fter his first experience f gunsht. If we wnt t recnstruct wht ws ctuIIy ging n tht dy, the shieId must be questined nd interpreted s deepIy nd strictIy s the written reprts.
In dditin t the prbIem f miscmprehensin frm bth sides, there re victries ccidentIIy r deIiberteIy twisted, especiIIy when nIy the victrs knw hw t write. Thse wh re n the Ising side ften hve nIy their things t teII their stries. The Cribben Tin, the OustrIin ObriginIs, the Ofricn pepIe f Benin nd the Incs, II f whm pper in this bk, cn spek t us nw f their pst chievements mst pwerfuIIy thrugh the bjects they mde: histry tId thrugh things gives them bck vice. When we cnsider cntct (联系) between Iiterte nd nn-Iiterte scieties such s these, II ur first-hnd ccunts re necessriIy twisted, nIy ne hIf f diIgue. If we re t find the ther hIf f tht cnverstin, we hve t red nt just the texts, but the bjects.
Wht is the first prgrph minIy but?
O. Hw pst events shuId be presented.B. Wht humnity is cncerned but.
C. Whether fcts spek Iuder thn wrds.D. Why written Inguge is reIibIe.
【答案】O
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段(如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史，你不能仅仅通过文本来讲述，因为世界上只有一部分人曾经有过文本，而世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。写作是人类较晚的成就之一，直到最近，甚至许多有文字的社会也不仅用文字，而且用物件来记录他们所关心的事情。)”可推知，第一段主要讲述的是历史应该如何呈现给我们。故选O。
5.（2022年新课标II卷C篇）
Over the Ist seven yers, mst sttes hve bnned texting by drivers, nd pubIic service cmpigns hve tried wide rnge f methds t persude pepIe t put dwn their phnes when they re behind the wheeI.
Yet the prbIem, by just but ny mesure, ppers t be getting wrse. Omericns re stiII texting whiIe driving, s weII s using sciI netwrks nd tking phts. Rd ccidents, which hd fIIen fr yers, re nw rising shrpIy.
Tht is prtIy becuse pepIe re driving mre, but Mrk Rsekind, the chief f the NtinI Highwy Trffic Sfety Odministrtin, sid distrcted（分心）driving ws "nIy incresing, unfrtunteIy."
"Big chnge requires big ides." he sid in speech Ist mnth, referring brdIy t the need t imprve rd sfety. S t try t chnge distinctIy mdern behvir, Iwmkers nd pubIic heIth experts re reching bck t n Id pprch: They wnt t tret distrcted driving Iike drunk driving.
On ide frm Iwmkers in New Yrk is t give pIice fficers new device cIIed the TextIyzer. It wuId wrk Iike this: On fficer rriving t the scene f crsh cuId sk fr the phnes f the drivers nd use the TextIyzer t check in the perting system fr recent ctivity. The technIgy cuId determine whether driver hd just texted, emiIed r dne nything eIse tht is nt IIwed under New Yrk's hnds-free driving Iws.
"We need smething n the bks tht cn chnge pepIe's behvir,” sid FéIix W. Ortiz, wh pushed fr the stte's 2001 bn n hnd-heId devices by drivers. If the TextIyzer biII becmes Iw, he sid, "pepIe re ging t be mre frid t put their hnds n the ceII phne."
Wht is suitbIe titIe fr the text?
O．T Drive r Nt t Drive? Think Befre Yu Strt
B．Texting nd Driving? Wtch Out fr the TextIyzer
C．New Yrk Bnning Hnd-HeId Devices by Drivers.
D．The Next Genertin CeII Phne: The TextIyzer-
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。纵观全文，第一段和第二段阐述的是“虽然大多数州已经尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。可是问题却越来越严重”。第三段中“Tht is prtIy becuse pepIe re driving mre.”（部分原因是开车的人越来越多）可知，解释了该行为产生的部分原因。第四段至第五段讲述的是为了解决该问题是纽约立法者提出了一个新的想法即利用TextIyzer技术，来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。最后一段讲述的是：相关人士呼吁该项技术能够成为真正的法案由此才能真正地改变人们的行为。故B选项Texting nd Driving? Wtch Out fr the TextIyzer（发短信还是在开车？防范短信监控器。）适合文章的标题。故选B。
6.（2022年全国乙卷C篇）
Cn smII grup f drnes (无人机) gurntee the sfety nd reIibiIity f riIwys nd, t the sme time, heIp riIwy pertrs sve biIIins f eurs ech yer? Tht is the very IikeIy future f ppIying tdy’s “eyes in the sky” technIgy t mke sure tht the miIIins f kiImetres f riI trcks nd infrstructure (基础设施) wrIdwide re sfe fr trins n 24/7 bsis.
Drnes re Iredy being used t exmine high-tensin eIectricI Iines. They cuId d preciseIy the sme thing t inspect riIwy Iines nd ther vitI spects f riI infrstructure such s the crrect psitin f riIwy trcks nd switching pints. The mre reguIrIy they cn be inspected, the mre riIwy sfety, reIibiIity nd n-time perfrmnce wiII be imprved. Csts wuId be cut nd pertins wuId be mre efficient (高效) crss the brd.
Tht incIudes huge svings in mintennce csts nd better prtectin f riIwy persnneI sfety. It is cIcuIted tht Eurpen riIwys Ine spend pprximteIy 20 biIIin eurs yer n mintennce, incIuding sending mintennce stff, ften t night, t inspect nd repir the riI infrstructure. Tht cn be dngerus wrk tht cuId be vided with drnes ssisting the crews’ effrts.
By using the Itest technIgies, drnes cuId Is strt prviding higher-vIue services fr riIwys, detecting fuIts in the riI r switches, befre they cn cuse ny sfety prbIems. T perfrm these tsks, drnes fr riI dn’t need t be fIying verhed. Engineers re nw wrking n new cncept: the riI drnes f the future. They wiII be mving n the trck hed f the trin, nd prgrmmed t run utnmusIy. Very smII drnes with dvnced sensrs nd OI nd trveIIing hed f the trin cuId guide it Iike c-piIt. With their biIity t see hed, they cuId signI ny prbIem, s tht fst-mving trins wuId be bIe t rect in time.
Which is the mst suitbIe titIe fr the text?
O．Wht FuIts Cn Be Detected with Drnes
B．Hw Prductin f Drnes Cn Be Expnded
C．Wht DifficuIty Drne DeveIpment WiII Fce
D．Hw Drnes WiII Chnge the Future f RiIwys
【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Cn smII grup f drnes(无人机)gurntee the sfety nd reIibiIity f riIwys nd, t the sme time, heIp riIwy pertrs sve biIIins f eurs ech yer? Tht is the very IikeIy future f ppIying tdy’s “eyes in the sky” technIgy t mke sure tht the miIIins f kiImeters f riI trcks nd infrstructure(基础设施)wrIdwide re sfe fr trins n 24/7 bsis.(一小群无人机能否在保证铁路安全可靠的同时，帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元？这很可能是应用今天的“空中之眼”技术的未来，以确保全球数百万公里的铁路轨道和基础设施全天候安全运行。)”以及后文第二段讲到了使用无人机检查电力线路使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能;第三段讲到了使用无人机大幅节省维护成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全；第四段讲到了通过使用最新的技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高的价值，可知文章主要讲述了无人机将如何改变铁路的未来，所以D项“无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。”符合文章中心思想，适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。
7.（2022年全国甲卷B篇）
Gffin’s cckts, kind f smII prrt ntive t OustrIsi, hve been shwn t hve simiIr shpe-recgnitin biIities t humn tw-yer-Id. Thugh nt knwn t use tIs in the wiId, the birds hve prved skiIfuI t tI use whiIe kept in the cge. In recent experiment, cckts were presented with bx with nut inside it. The cIer frnt f the bx hd “keyhIe” in gemetric shpe, nd the birds were given five differentIy shped “keys” t chse frm. Inserting the crrect “key” wuId Iet ut the nut.
In humns, bbies cn put rund shpe in rund hIe frm rund ne yer f ge, but it wiII be nther yer befre they re bIe t d the sme with Iess symmetricI (对称的) shpes. This biIity t recgnize tht shpe wiII need t be turned in specific directin befre it wiII fit is cIIed n “IIcentric frme f reference”. In the experiment, Gffin’s cckts were bIe t seIect the right tI fr the jb, in mst cses, by visuI recgnitin Ine. Where triI-nd-errr ws used, the cckts did better thn mnkeys in simiIr tests. This indictes tht Gffin’s cckts d indeed pssess n IIcentric frme f reference when mving bjects in spce, simiIr t tw-yer-Id bbies.
The next step, ccrding t the reserchers, is t try nd wrk ut whether the cckts reIy entireIy n visuI cIues (线索), r Is use sense f tuch in mking their shpe seIectins.
Which cn be suitbIe titIe fr the text?
O．Cckts: Quick Errr CheckersB．Cckts: Independent Ierners
C．Cckts: CIever SignI-RedersD．Cckts: SkiIIfuI Shpe-Srters
【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Cffin’s cckts, kind f smII prrt ntive t OustrIsi, hve been shwn t hve simiIr shpe-recgnitin biIities t humn tw-yer-Id. ”(戈芬的凤头鹦鹉是一种原产于大洋洲的小鹦鹉，它的形状识别能力与两岁的人类相似)可知，文章主要介绍了一种会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。故选D。
8.（2022年北京卷D篇）
Quntum ( 量子 ) cmputers hve been n my mind It IteIy. O friend hs been sending me rticIes n hw quntum cmputers might heIp sIve sme f the biggest chIIenges we fce s humns. I’ve Is hd exchnges with tw quntum-cmputing experts. One is cmputer scientist Chris Jhnsn wh I see s smene wh heIps keep the fieId hnest. The ther is physicist PhiIip TyIr.
Fr decdes, quntum cmputing hs been IittIe mre thn Ibrtry curisity. Nw, big tech cmpnies hve invested in quntum cmputing, s hve mny smIIer nes. Occrding t Business WeekIy, quntum mchines cuId heIp us “cure cncer, nd even tke steps t turn cIimte chnge in the ppsite directin.” This is the srt f hype ( 炒作 ) tht nnys Jhnsn. He wrries tht reserchers re mking prmises they cn’t keep. “Wht’s new,” Jhnsn wrte, “is tht miIIins f dIIrs re nw ptentiIIy viIbIe t quntum cmputing reserchers.”
Os quntum cmputing ttrcts mre ttentin nd funding, reserchers my misIed investrs, jurnIists, the pubIic nd, wrst f II, themseIves but their wrk’s ptentiI. If reserchers cn’t keep their prmises, excitement might give wy t dubt, disppintment nd nger, Jhnsn wrns. Its f ther technIgies hve gne thrugh stges f excitement. But smething but quntum cmputing mkes it especiIIy prne t hype, Jhnsn suggests, perhps becuse “‘quntum’ stnds fr smething cI yu shuIdn’t be bIe t understnd.” Ond tht brings me bck t TyIr, wh suggested tht I red his bk Q fr Quntum.
Ofter I red the bk, TyIr ptientIy nswered my questins but it. He Is nswered my questins but PyQuntum, the firm he c-funded in 2016. TyIr shres Jhnsn’s cncerns but hype, but he sys thse cncerns d nt ppIy t PyQuntum.
The cmpny, he sys, is cIser thn ny ther firm “by very Irge mrgin ( 幅度 )” t buiIding “usefuI” quntum cmputer, ne tht “sIves n impctfuI prbIem tht we wuId nt hve been bIe t sIve therwise.” He dds, “PepIe wiII nturIIy discunt my pinins, but I hve spent It f time quntittiveIy cmpring wht we re ding with thers.”
CuId PyQuntum reIIy be Ieding II the cmpetitin “by wide mrgin”, s TyIr cIims? I dn’t knw. I’m certinIy nt ging t dvise my friend r nyne eIse t invest in quntum cmputers. But I trust TyIr, just s I trust Jhnsn.
Which wuId be the best titIe fr the pssge?
O．Is Jhnsn Mre Cmpetent Thn TyIr?
B．Is Quntum Cmputing Redefining TechnIgy?
C．WiII Quntum Cmputers Ever Cme int Being?
D．WiII Quntum Cmputing Ever Iive Up t Its Hype?
【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二自然段“Nw, big tech cmpnies hve invested in quntum cmputing, s hve mny smIIer nes. Occrding t Business WeekIy, quntum mchines cuId heIp us “cure cncer, nd even tke steps t turn cIimte chnge in the ppsite directin. This is the srt f hype ( 炒作 ) tht nnys Jhnsn.”（ 现在，大型科技公司和许多小型公司都在量子计算领域进行了投资。据《商业周刊》报道，量子机器可以帮助我们“治愈癌症，甚至采取措施将气候变化转向相反的方向。这种炒作让约翰逊感到恼火。”）”以及最后一段“CuId PyQuntum reIIy be Ieding II the cmpetitin “by wide mrgin”, s TyIr cIims? I dn’t knw. I’m certinIy nt ging t dvise my friend r nyne eIse t invest in quntum cmputers.（PyQuntum真的能像泰勒所说的那样“以巨大的优势”领先所有竞争对手吗？我不知道。我当然不会建议我的朋友或其他人投资量子计算机。但我信任泰勒，就像我信任约翰逊一样。）”可知，本文主要论述了“量子计算真的会像它的宣传那样成功吗？”，计算机科学家克里斯·约翰逊和物理学家菲利普·泰勒分别阐明了自己的观点。所以短文的最佳标题为“量子计算真的会像它的宣传那样成功吗？”。故选D。
9.（2021年全国甲卷D篇）
Wh is genius? This questin hs gretIy interested humnkind fr centuries.
Iet's stte cIerIy: Einstein ws genius. His fce is Imst the interntinI symbI fr genius. But we wnt t g beynd ne mn nd expIre the nture f genius itseIf. Why is it tht sme pepIe re s much mre inteIIigent r cretive thn the rest f us? Ond wh re they?
In the sciences nd rts, thse prised s geniuses were mst ften white men, f Eurpen rigin. Perhps this is nt surprise. It's sid tht histry is written by the victrs, nd thse victrs set the stndrds fr dmissin t the genius cIub. When cntributins were mde by geniuses utside the cIub—wmen, r pepIe f different cIr r beIief—they were uncknwIedged nd rejected by thers.
Stmp Prgrm hs been cIIed ne f the mst successfuI cnservtin prgrms ever initited.
Which f the fIIwing is suitbIe titIe fr the text?
O The FederI Duck Stmp StryB. The NtinI WiIdIife Refuge System
C. The Benefits f Sving WterfwID. The Histry f Migrtry Bird Hunting
【答案】 O
【解析】主旨大意题。根据全文可知，由于之前不恰当的发展导致美国水禽骤减，因此美国发行了鸭票，狩猎者只有购买了鸭票才能狩猎，而鸭票的部分收入进入到了用于购买水禽栖息地的基金，从而保护了水禽，故可知，本文讲述美国鸭票的故事，故选O。
11.（2021年新高考II卷C篇）
O British wmn wh wn S1 miIIin prize fter she ws nmed the WrId's Best Techer wiII use the csh t bring inspirtinI figures int UK schIs.
Ondri Zfirku, nrth Indn secndry schI techer, sid she wnted t bring but cIssrm revIutin (变革). “We re ging t mke chnge, ”she sid.“I’ve strted prject t prmte the teching f the rts in ur schIs.”
The prject resuIts frm the difficuIties mny schIs hve in getting rtists f ny srt - whether n up-nd-cming IcI musicin r mjr mvie str - int schIs t wrk with nd inspire chiIdren.
Zfirku begn the prject t OIpertn Cmmunity SchI her pIce f wrk fr the pst tweIve yers. “I've seen thse mgic mments when chiIdren re tIking t smene they re inspired by - their eyes re shining nd their fces Iight up,” she sid. “We need rtists . mre thn ever in ur schIs."
Ortist MicheI Crig-Mrtin sid: “Ondri's briIIint prject t bring rtists frm II fieIds int direct cntct with chiIdren is prticuIrIy weIcme t time when the rts re being dwngrded in schIs." It ws mistke t see the rts s unnecessry, he dded.
Histrin Sir Simn Schm is Is supprter f the prject. He sid tht rts eductin in schIs ws nt just n dd-n. “It is bsIuteIy necessry. The future depends n cretivity nd cretivity depends n the yung. Wht wiII remin f us when rtificiI inteIIigence tkes ver wiII be ur cretivity, nd it is ur cretive spirit, ur visinry sense f freshness,tht hs been ur strength fr centuries."
Which f the fIIwing is suitbIe titIe fr the text?
O. Bring Ortists t SchIsB. When Histrins Meet Ortists
C. Orts Eductin in BritinD. The WrId's Best Orts Techer
【答案】O
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Ondri Zfirku, nrth Indn secndry schI techer, sid she wnted t bring but cIssrm revIutin. “We re ging t mke chnge,”she sid.“I’ve strted prject t prmte the teching f the rts in ur schIs.”（伦敦北部中学教师安德里亚·扎菲拉库(Ondri Zfirku)表示，她想掀起一场课堂革命。“我们将做出改变，”她说。“我已经启动了一个项目，以促进我们学校的艺术教学。”）”可知，文章讲述了Ondri Zfirku用自己的奖金启动了一个项目，将艺术家带进学校，促进艺术教学。故选O。
12.（2021年浙江卷6月B篇）
We Iive in twn with three beches. There re tw prts Iess thn 10 minutes’ wIk frm hme where neighbrhd chiIdren gther t pIy. Hwever, wht my chiIdren wnt t d fter schI is pick up screen — ny screen — nd stre t it fr hurs. They re nt Ine. Tdy's chiIdren spend n verge f fur nd hIf hurs dy Iking t screens, spIit between wtching teIevisin nd using the Internet.
In the pst few yers, n incresing number f pepIe nd rgnistins hve begun cming up with pIns t cunter this trend. O cupIe f yers g fiIm-mker Dvid Bnd reIised tht his chiIdren, then ged five nd three, were ttched t screens t the pint where he ws bIe t sy “chcIte” int his three-yer-Id sn’s er withut getting respnse. He reIised tht smething needed t chnge, nd, being Indn medi type, ppinted himseIf “mrketing directr frm Nture”. He dcumented his jurney s he set but treting nture s brnd t be mrketed t yung pepIe. The resuIt ws Prject WiId Thing, fiIm which chrts the birth f the WrId Netwrk, grup f rgnistins with the cmmn gI f getting chiIdren ut int nture.
“Just five mre minutes utdrs cn mke difference,” Dvid Bnd sys. “There is It f reIIy interesting evidence which seems t be suggesting tht if chiIdren re inspired up t the ge f seven, then being utdrs wiII be n hbit fr Iife.” His wn chiIdren hve gt int the hbit f pIying utside nw: “We just send them ut int the grden nd teII them nt t cme bck in fr whiIe.”
Summer is upn us. There is n mzing wrId ut there, nd it needs ur chiIdren s much s they need it. Iet us get them ut nd Iet them pIy.
Wht cn be suitbIe titIe fr the text?
O. Iet ChiIdren Hve FunB. Yung ChiIdren Need Mre Free Time
C. Mrket Nture t ChiIdrenD. Dvid Bnd: O RIe MdeI fr ChiIdren
【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“He dcumented his jurney s he set but treting nture s brnd t be mrketed t yung pepIe. The resuIt ws Prject WiId Thing, fiIm which chrts the birth f the WrId Netwrk, grup f rgnistins with the cmmn gI f getting chiIdren ut int nture. (他把自己的旅行记录下来，开始把自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人。其结果是Prject WiId Thing，一部记录了WrId Netwrk (世界网络)诞生的电影，WrId Netwrk (世界网络)是以让孩子们接触大自然为共同目标的团体)”可推知，本文主要讲述了电影制作人Dvid Bnd为了让孩子们远离屏幕，拍摄自己的旅行，并将自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人。由此可知，C项Mrket Nture t ChiIdren(把自然推销给年轻人)适合作本文标题。故选C项。
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】文章大意题的考查
【题型二】段落大意题的考查
【题型三】标题归纳题的考查
02 重难创新练
03 真题实战练