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河南省濮阳市南乐县豫北名校2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期末英语试卷(解析版)
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这是一份河南省濮阳市南乐县豫北名校2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期末英语试卷(解析版)，共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，15， B．$40，5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A．£19.15. B．£9.18. C．£9.15.
答案是C。
1．Why d the speakers line up?
A．T buy sme fd. B．T buy sme water. C．T get int the cinema.
2．Where des Nancy want t take the custmers?
A．The art museum. B．The pera hall. C．The histry museum.
3．What clr cat des the man recmmend?
A．White. B．Pink. C．Green.
4．Wh is the man mst prbably talking t?
A．A student. B．A plicewman. C．A dentist.
5．What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A．Their dg. B．The weather. C．Their huse.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．When will the man meet Tny n Saturday?
A．At 9:00 am. B．At 1:00 pm. C．At 4:00 pm.
7．What will the speakers d at the Jungle Cafe?
A．Have breakfast. B．Have lunch. C．Have afternn tea.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What is wrng with the wman’s mther?
A．She has frgtten t shp. B．She has n place t live. C．She has heart disease.
9．What des the wman plan t d tmrrw?
A．G shpping. B．See a dctr. C．Have a meeting.
10．What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A．Gd friends. B．Husband and wife. C．Bss and emplyee.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．Wh des Andy want t send a gift t?
A．His mther. B．His aunt. C．His sister.
12．Hw much will Andy spend n the scarf?
A．$30. B．$40. C．$50.
13．What des Alice ffer t d in the end?
A．Pst the scarf fr Andy. B．Lend Andy sme mney. C．G shpping with Andy.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14．Hw lng is Mr. White’s vacatin?
A．Abut fur days. B．Abut a week. C．Abut a mnth.
15．What is the wman?
A．A teacher. B．A travel agent. C．A lawyer.
16．What d we knw abut the Malaysian Airways flight?
A．It departs at 6:30 pm. B．It lasts fr 7 hurs. C．It is a nn-stp flight.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What did the speaker’s friend think f Wild Ways?
A．It was bring. B．It was attractive. C．It was expensive.
18．What appealed t the speaker mst abut the bk?
A．The histrical knwledge. B．The leading character. C．The brief descriptin.
19．Wh wrte the bk?
A．Harry Kevin. B．William Baker. C．Margaret Emersn.
20．What des the speaker say abut the bk?
A．It’s hard t understand. B．It will gain recgnitin. C．It sells at a discunt.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Autmatin has pineered innvatin, yur phne is prbably in yur pcket r yur hands at all times, and it’s easier nw, mre than ever, t cmmunicate with anyne in the wrld. Technlgy is everywhere these days. What are yur thughts n technlgy, scial media, r yur phne? D yu feel excited every time yu get a message, r d yu feel trapped by these digital chains?
Hwever yu feel, we want yu t represent technlgy in artwrk — paintings, cllege (剪贴), digital art, phtgraphy, etc. Yu may even see yur art wrk in future issues f ur magazine, s keep yur eyes wide pen!
Deadline: June 21, 2024.
Rules:
·Yu must be a teen (aged 13 — 19) with ur website accunt t enter.
·N inapprpriate cntent.
·Submissins must fcus n the tpic: Technlgy.
Guidelines and Details:
·Yur entry must be art wrk created by yurself fr the first time.
·There is n limitatin n the number f art wrk yu can submit.
Hw t Submit:
·Submit entries thrugh ur website. All entries submitted t us are autmatically cnsidered fr the cntest. See ur submissin guidelines fr mre infrmatin.
·Submit yur wrk t the apprpriate art categry. Include “technlgy” in yur submissin’s labels. Yu can d this by using the “additinal labels” field in yur submissin frm.
Prizes:
·The winner and the nminees (被提名者) will have their entries published in ur magazine.
·The verall winner will receive a $25 Amazn gift card and als three mnths’ free access t ur magazine.
1. What subject shuld the entry be related t?
A. Cllage.B. Phtgraphy.C. Technlgy.D. Cmmunicatin.
2. Which f the fllwing will result in disqualificatin?
A. A cntestant is 16 years ld.B. An entry is submitted by pst n June 25.
C. An entry is created by nly ne persn.D. A cntestant submits as many as 20 entries.
3. What benefit will a nminee receive?
A. A $25 gift card.B. Free magazine subscriptins.
C. A label named after them.D. Having their entries published.
【参考答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。本文是一则艺术征文竞赛的通知。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Hwever yu feel, we want yu t represent technlgy in artwrk—paintings, cllege (剪贴), digital art, phtgraphy, etc.(然而,你觉得,我们希望你代表技术在艺术绘画,大学,数字艺术,摄影等。)”和Rules: 部分的“Submissins must fcus n the tpic: Technlgy.( 提交的内容必须集中在这个主题:技术。)”可知，作品的内容必须与技术相关。故选C。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Deadline:“June 21,2024.”和Hw t Submit 部分中的“Submit entries thrugh ur website.(通过我们的网站提交参赛作品)”可知，截止日期为2024年6月21 日，参赛作品要在线提交。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中的“The winner and the nminees (被提名者) will have their entries published in ur magazine.(获奖者和被提名者的作品将刊登在我们的杂志上。)”可知，获奖者和被提名者的作品将在杂志上被发表。故选D。
B
Brn in Wales in 1950, Martin Lckley was a pineer in the study f the dinsaur tracks and ftprints preserved in rcks arund the wrld. His wrk helped his fellw palentlgists (古生物学家) understand what the ftprints can tell us abut dinsaurs and the wrld that they lived in.
The ftprints and tracks left behind by dinsaurs and ther prehistric animals are called trace fssils (痕迹化石). They can ffer clues t hw quickly an animal walked r ran and even what their skin may have lked like. Cmpared with the bdy fssils f bnes and teeth, trace fssils cntain evidence f the interactins that the animals had with their envirnment and can describe what the physical envirnment may have lked like. They ffer a mre reliable way t imagine the speed f a dinsaur than analyzing the bnes.
Lckley’s mther and father were nature lvers. Lckley lved t bserve nature. His father inspired him t “just g ut and bserve and trust yur bservatins”, which prved imprtant in Lckley’s launching his future career in dinsaur research. He tk that advice with him t Gunnisn, suthwest f Denver, the United States. While Nrth America is hme t sme f the largest number f fssil ftprints in the wrld, Lckley’s wrk with prints and his father’s wrds tk him far and wide. He explred fssil and track sites in China, Suth Krea, Spain and the United Kingdm.
In additin t finding the tracks, Lckley devted time and energy t preserving these imprtant parts f the fssil recrd. This includes guiding the plitics needed t create UNESCO wrld heritage sites s that future generatins wuldn’t lse ut n these precius relics f the past.
4. What can we knw abut trace fssils?
A. They can reflect the then envirnment.
B. They are mainly left by sme larger animals.
C. They can be easier t preserve than teeth fssils.
D. They are as accurate as bne fssils in analyzing animals’ speed.
5. What cntributes t Lckley’s beginning his career in dinsaur tracks?
A. His family’s traditin.
B. His father’s encuragement.
C. His lve fr dinsaurs and their ftprints.
D. His desire t find the largest dinsaur track site.
6. What did Lckley d besides his prfessinal research?
A. He explred places f interest arund the wrld.
B. He guided fellw palentlgists in their wrk.
C. He cnserved and prmted dinsaur track sites.
D. He educated the next generatin f track hunters.
7. Which can best describe Lckley’s wrk?
A. Dangerus.B. Time-cnsuming.C. Far-reaching.D. Demanding.
【参考答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。马丁•洛克利是研究世界各地岩石中保存的恐龙足迹的先驱。他的工作帮助他的古生物学家同行们了解了这些脚印能告诉我们的关于恐龙和它们生活的世界的信息。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Cmpared with the bdy fssils f bnes and teeth, trace fssils cntain evidence f the interactins that the animals had with their envirnment and can describe what the physical envirnment may have lked like. They ffer a mre reliable way t imagine the speed f a dinsaur than analyzing the bnes.(与骨骼和牙齿的身体化石相比，痕迹化石包含了动物与环境相互作用的证据，可以描述物理环境可能是什么样子的。它们提供了一种比分析骨头更可靠的方法来想象恐龙的速度。)”可知，痕迹化石可以反映当时的环境情况。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“His father inspired him t “just g ut and bserve and trust yur bservatins”, which prved imprtant in Lckley’s launching his future career in dinsaur research.(他的父亲鼓励他“走出去观察，相信你的观察结果”，这对洛克利开始他未来的恐龙研究生涯很重要。)”可知，Lckley开启他的恐龙化石事业是受到他父亲的鼓励。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“In additin t finding the tracks, Lckley devted time and energy t preserving these imprtant parts f the fssil recrd. This includes guiding the plitics needed t create UNESCO wrld heritage sites s that future generatins wuldn’t lse ut n these precius relics f the past.( 除了找到这些踪迹，Lckley还投入了时间和精力来保存化石记录中的这些重要部分。这包括指导创造联合国教科文组织的世界遗产的政治需要，这样后代就不会失去过去这些珍贵的遗迹。)”可知，Lckley除了自己的专业研究，还致力于保护和推广恐龙痕迹和遗址。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“His wrk helped his fellw palentlgists (古生物学家) understand what the ftprints can tell us abut dinsaurs and the wrld that they lived in. (他的工作帮助他的古生物学家同行们了解了这些脚印能告诉我们的关于恐龙和它们生活的世界的信息。)”以及最后一段的内容“In additin t finding the tracks, Lckley devted time and energy t preserving these imprtant parts f the fssil recrd. This includes guiding the plitics needed t create UNESCO wrld heritage sites s that future generatins wuldn’t lse ut n these precius relics f the past.( 除了找到这些踪迹，Lckley还投入了时间和精力来保存化石记录中的这些重要部分。这包括指导创造联合国教科文组织的世界遗产的政治需要，这样后代就不会失去过去这些珍贵的遗迹。)”可推知，Lckley的工作影响深远。故选C。
C
Sme sngs tend t get stuck in ur heads mre easily than thers. When a sng becmes super ppular, we say it’s “gne viral”. Thse wrds might be mre accurate than we ever imagined.
David Earn is an applied mathematician. One day, he talked with musician and scientist Matt Wlhuse. Wlhuse fund sme sngs had been dwnladed thusands f times ver just a few weeks r mnths. Thse patterns lked familiar t Earn, wh studies disease epidemics. And thse dwnlad data resembled the kind f data he saw with disease transmissin (传播). They wndered whether that kind f spread frm persn t persn culd be hw peple decide that they like particular sngs.
Earn had been wrking with a mathematical mdel t predict hw diseases spread during an epidemic. His team nw used the same mdel with the sng data. They lked at the 1,000 mst dwnladed sngs in the United Kingdm, dividing them by type.
Fr ppular sngs, dwnlads increased rapidly ver time, much like a cntagius (传染性的) disease infecting a grup f susceptible peple. Sme types were mre cntagius than thers, the team reprted in 2023. “The grup f peple wh cnnect and like flk music isn’t the same as the grup f peple wh like heavy metal r dance music. They’re different scial grups,” Earn says. “And sme f thse scial grups are much mre likely t share things quickly.”
Surprisingly, pp music wasn’t the mst cntagius. It spread, but nt as quickly as sme ther types. Electrnic music, n the ther hand, was super cntagius. Earn thinks these listeners are prbably super cnnected n the web and share things mre than peple wh prefer ther types f music.
“We think f cntagin as a strictly negative thing,” Earn says. “But that same prcess f cntagin functins fr ther things in life,” he nw cncludes, “like sharing favrite sngs with yur clsest friends.”
8. Why did Earn and his team cnduct their research?
A. T analyze the pattern f sng spread.
B. T investigate the ways sngs are gruped.
C. T cunt the times that the sngs were dwnladed.
D. T study the characters f the peple wh dwnladed sngs.
9. What des the underlined wrd “susceptible” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. With a strng will.B. Preferring new ideas.
C. Sticking t traditins.D. Likely t be influenced.
10. Why des electrnic music spread quicker?
A. Electrnic music cvers all music types.
B. Its fans are skillful at surfing the Internet.
C. Electrnic music can impress peple easily.
D. Its lvers like sharing things with thers better.
11. What can be the best title fr the text?
A. Cntagin f Music.B. Music Spreads Online Wildly.
C. Hw a Sng Becmes Attractive.D. Frequency f Dwnlading Sngs.
【参考答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。病毒传染是一件非常负面的事情，但同样的传染过程也适用于生活中的其他事情，比如和你最亲密的朋友分享最喜欢的歌曲。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“They wndered whether that kind f spread frm persn t persn culd be hw peple decide that they like particular sngs.(他们想知道，这种人与人之间的传播是否可能是人们决定自己喜欢某首歌的方式。)”可知，Earn和他的团队进行研究是为了弄清楚音乐的传播方式。故选A。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上文“Fr ppular sngs, dwnlads increased rapidly ver time(随着时间的推移，流行歌曲的下载量迅速增长)”可推断，因此推断“much like a cntagius (传染性的) disease infecting a grup f susceptible peple(就像传染病感染了一群susceptible人群)”可知，此处表示对于流行歌曲，下载量随着时间的推移而迅速增长，就像传染病感染了一群“易感”人群一样。故该词表示“易受影响的”。 故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Earn thinks these listeners are prbably super cnnected n the web and share things mre than peple wh prefer ther types f music.( Earn认为这些听众在网络上的联系可能比那些喜欢其他类型音乐的人更紧密，分享的东西也更多。)”可知，电子音乐的听众在网络上分享的东西更多。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段的“Wlhuse fund sme sngs had been dwnladed thusands f times ver just a few weeks r mnths. Thse patterns lked familiar t Earn, wh studies disease epidemics. And thse dwnlad data resembled the kind f data he saw with disease transmissin (传播). They wndered whether that kind f spread frm persn t persn culd be hw peple decide that they like particular sngs. (伍尔豪斯发现，一些歌曲在短短几周或几个月内就被下载了数千次。对于研究疾病流行的Earn来说，这些模式看起来很熟悉。这些下载的数据类似于他看到的疾病传播的数据。他们想知道，这种人与人之间的传播是否可能是人们决定自己喜欢某首歌的方式。)”并通读全文可知，本文讲述，音乐的传播类似病毒的传播，病毒传染是一件非常负面的事情，但同样的传染过程也适用于生活中的其他事情，比如和你最亲密的朋友分享最喜欢的歌曲。因此推断“音乐的传染”。故选A。
D
The first U. S. ckbk was published in 1796, and since then, they have prvided insight int different times in American histry.
Ckbks tell us what fds were available during the perid the bks were written. If yu see a lt f recipes fr things that are preserved fr pickles (腌菜), yu knw that yu’re lking at a time withut refrigeratin. In the late 1860s, many recipes started paying mre attentin t fd bacteria cncerns and healthy-seeming fds, reflecting sciety’s grwing knwledge f bth subjects. Ckbks shw that meal planning changed in the 1930s, when refrigeratrs became mre cmmn in American hmes.
Early ckbks were als lifestyle guides. S, there were nt nly sme recipes fr fd, but recipes fr a cleaning slvent (溶剂) r what t d when yur child were pisned, hw t clean, and hw t get spts ut.
Ckbks became mre diversified and reginal after the Civil War. Suthern writers, and sme Nrthern writers, began publishing ckbks in an attempt t memrialize, and beautify, the American Suth. They became very successful and they really helped t develp a sense f what suthern hspitality was. Cmmunity ckbks, edited by mre than ne persn, ften as a fundraiser r fr charity, ultimately prvide insight int what middle-class Americans were eating at a given time, as well as a statement abut neighbrhds and grups.
Ckbks, hwever, srt f stp being a cmprehensive reflectin f sciety nw. Yu really have t think abut the publishing wrld and wh it is, where it is, and what it wants. The publishing wrld desn’t necessarily have the gal f representing the truth f Americans because it wants t make mney. But publishing’s cntrl f the strytelling has lsened. Scial media and fd blgs have led t the freedm f cnversatins arund fd, recipes and cking, giving cnsumers mre pwer.
But that desn’t mean that the glden age f ckbks is ver. Ckbks are still ne f the mst ppular bks ut there and are purchased regularly. They’re very gd t give as gifts. They’re very, very ppular because they’re srt f neutral (中立的). And everyne lves a ckbk, especially with beautiful pages.
12. What can we learn frm paragraph 2?
A. There are always recipes t make pickles in ckbks.
B. Refrigeratrs first entered American hmes in the 1930s.
C. Peple ate mre healthy fds in the late 1860s than nw.
D. The cking methd changes as the equipment imprves.
13. What des the furth paragraph mainly fcus n?
A. The variety f ckbks.B. The ppularity f ckbks.
C. The limitatins f ckbks.D. The editrs f ckbks.
14. What weakens the pwer f ckbks nw?
A. New media.B. Picky cnsumers.
C. Outdated cntent.D. Ecnmic dwnturn.
15. What des the authr say abut U. S. ckbks?
A. They are all abut sme recipes fr fd.
B. They are still appealing fr their bjective descriptin.
C. They are the vice f middle-class Americans.
D. They are purchased mre easily nline nw.
【参考答案】12. D 13. A 14. A 15. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了美国食谱对人们的影响。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“If yu see a lt f recipes fr things that are preserved fr pickles (腌菜), yu knw that yu’re lking at a time withut refrigeratin.(如果你看到很多关于腌制泡菜的食谱，你就知道你看到的是一段没有冷藏的时间。)”和“Ckbks shw that meal planning changed in the 1930s, when refrigeratrs became mre cmmn in American hmes.( 烹饪书显示，20世纪30年代，当冰箱在美国家庭中变得更加普遍时，饮食计划发生了变化。)”可推断出，烹饪方法随着设备的改进而变化。故选D。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段内容“Ckbks became mre diversified and reginal after the Civil War. Suthern writers, and sme Nrthern writers, began publishing ckbks in an attempt t memrialize, and beautify, the American Suth. They became very successful and they really helped t develp a sense f what suthern hspitality was. Cmmunity ckbks, edited by mre than ne persn, ften as a fundraiser r fr charity, ultimately prvide insight int what middle-class Americans were eating at a given time, as well as a statement abut neighbrhds and grups.(内战后，烹饪书变得更加多样化和地域性。南方作家和一些北方作家开始出版烹饪书，试图纪念和美化美国南方。他们非常成功，他们真的帮助人们了解了南方的好客之道。社区烹饪书由不止一个人编辑，通常是作为筹款活动或慈善活动，最终提供了对特定时间美国中产阶级饮食的见解，以及对社区和群体的声明。)”可知，主题句是“Ckbks became mre diversified and reginal after the Civil War.”可知，本段说明烹饪书的多样性。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Scial media and fd blgs have led t the freedm f cnversatins arund fd, recipes and cking, giving cnsumers mre pwer.(社交媒体和美食博客带来了围绕食物、食谱和烹饪的自由对话，给了消费者更多的权力。)”可知，新媒体的出现削弱了烹饪书的话语权。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Ckbks are still ne f the mst ppular bks ut there and are purchased regularly. They’re very gd t give as gifts. They’re very, very ppular because they’re srt f neutral (中立的). And everyne lves a ckbk, especially with beautiful pages. (烹饪书仍然是最受欢迎的书籍之一，而且经常被购买。它们很适合作为礼物送人。它们非常非常受欢迎，因为它们有点中性。每个人都喜欢烹饪书，尤其是有漂亮页面的。)”可知，作者认为烹饪书如今因为它们客观的描述依然受欢迎。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Staying mtivated is key t achieving persnal and prfessinal success. Hwever, it’s cmmn t experience waves in mtivatin levels. T vercme these challenges and maintain a high level f mtivatin, we’ve cmpiled practical tips that can help yu stay n track and achieve yur gals.
＊Set clear and specific gals. Having clear and specific gals is essential fr keeping mtivated. Define what yu want t achieve and break it dwn int smaller tasks. This way, yu’ll have a clear rad map. ____16____.
＊Stay inspired with rle mdels. The peple yu spend time with greatly affect yur mindset. Get yurself clse t individuals wh are supprtive, psitive, and mtivated themselves. ____17____. During challenging times, they can als help yu maintain a psitive utlk.
＊____18____. Understanding the underlying reasns behind yur gals can greatly inspire yur mtivatin. Reflect n why yu want t achieve smething and hw it agrees with yur values and wishes. Having a strng sense f purpse will serve as a cnstant reminder and fuel yur determinatin.
＊Break tasks int manageable parts. ____19____. Break them int manageable parts. And then, fcus n ne step at a time. This way, yu’ll experience a sense f prgress, bming yur mtivatin and making the task feel mre achievable.
＊Celebrate milestnes and prgress. Acknwledging yur achievements, n matter hw small, is key t staying mtivated. Celebrate milestnes and prgress alng the way. ____20____. Or yu can take a mment t reflect n hw far yu’ve cme. The psitive strengthening will keep yur mtivatin levels high.
Staying mtivated requires intentinal effrt and self-reflectin. With the right strategies, yu can vercme bstacles and maintain yur drive twards success.
A. Find yur why
B. Pay attentin t peple arund yu
C. Their energy and encuragement can inspire yu
D. Overladed tasks can quickly beat yur mtivatin
E. It culd be treating yurself t smething yu enjy
F. Imagine the psitive emtins and sense f accmplishment
G. It can fuel yur mtivatin as yu achieve each milestne
【参考答案】16. G 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. E
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了保持积极态度的一些实用的建议。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Having clear and specific gals is essential fr keeping mtivated. Define what yu want t achieve and break it dwn int smaller tasks. This way, yu’ll have a clear rad map. (有明确而具体的目标是保持动力的必要条件。明确你想要实现的目标，并把它分解成更小的任务。这样，你就有了一个清晰的路线图)”可知，你要确定你想要实现的目标，并将其分解为更小的任务。这样，你就会有一个清晰的路线图。因此推断G项“它可以在你实现每个里程碑时让你更加有动力。”符合语境，前后文是因果关系。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据空前“The peple yu spend time with greatly affect yur mindset. Get yurself clse t individuals wh are supprtive, psitive, and mtivated themselves.( 和你在一起的人会极大地影响你的心态。和那些支持你、积极向上、自我激励的人亲近)”和空后“During challenging times, they can als help yu maintain a psitive utlk.(在困难时期，他们也可以帮助你保持积极的态度)”可知，和支持你，积极向上自我激励的人在一起，会极大地激励你，帮助你保持积极的心态，因此推断C选项“他们的能量和鼓励可以激励你”符合语境，与下文也是并列的关系。故选C。
【18题详解】
空处为段落主题句。根据段中的“Understanding the underlying reasns behind yur gals can greatly inspire yur mtivatin. Reflect n why yu want t achieve smething and hw it agrees with yur values and wishes.(了解目标背后的潜在原因可以极大地激发你的动力。反思你为什么想要实现某件事，以及它如何符合你的价值观和愿望)”可知，本段说明要找到潜在原因，A项中why是关键词，A项“找到你的理由”符合语境。 故选A。
【19题详解】
根据段落小标题“Break tasks int manageable parts. (把任务分成可管理的部分)”及后文内容“Break them int manageable parts. And then, fcus n ne step at a time. This way, yu’ll experience a sense f prgress, bming yur mtivatin and making the task feel mre achievable. (把它们分成易于管理的部分。然后，一次只关注一步。这样，你会有一种进步的感觉，激发你的动力，让任务更容易实现)”可知，本段是讲超负荷的任务会很快击败你的动力，需要把它们分解成更小的、可管理的部分。故D项“超负荷的任务会很快击垮你的动力”说明超负荷任务的危害，承上启下，符合语境。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据空前“Acknwledging yur achievements, n matter hw small, is key t staying mtivated. Celebrate milestnes and prgress alng the way.(承认自己的成就，无论多么小，都是保持动力的关键。庆祝沿途的里程碑和进步)”和空后“Or yu can take a mment t reflect n hw far yu’ve cme. The psitive strengthening will keep yur mtivatin levels high.(或者你可以花点时间反思一下你已经走了多远。积极的强化会让你的动力水平保持高水平)”可在，承认你的成就是保持动力的关键，你可以庆祝每一个里程碑和进步，积极的强化会让你的动力保持高水平。因此推断E项“它可以是给自己一些你喜欢的东西”举例说明可以采取的做法，符合语境，承上启下，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One evening, a man was injured in an accident and rushed t a hspital. Already in shck, he was fund with multiple injuries, ____21____ a critical head injury. Immediate ____22____ was needed t stp the life-threatening situatin.
At 9:00 pm, the peratin started and was suppsed t be ____23____ in abut tw hurs. When the dctrs were abut t sew up the patient’s head at abut 10:30 pm, a (n) ____24____ thing happened.
The nurse watching the mnitr sensed the ____25____ first and called ut, “An earthquake.” Yet, the dctrs were t ____26____ t ntice the situatin. After the nurse ____27____, the dctrs finally lifted their heads and nticed the danger.
Everything in the peratin rm was ____28____. Yet, if the peratin was stpped and the patient’s head was left ____29____ , his life wuld be endangered.
“Calm dwn! Calm dwn!” the medical staff _____30_____ each ther. At the same time, after_____31_____ all related equipment, they decided t cntinue. Hwever, it was getting wrse as the peratin prceeded, and the nurses had t hld the peratin table tightly t _____32_____ it. By virtue f the team’s _____33_____ and excellent prfessinal skills, they cmpleted the high-risk peratin _____34_____ befre a wrse cnditin may happen. The patient recvered well later.
Many peple are _____35_____ by the great lve and selflessness f the angels in white and shw thumbs-up fr them.
21. A. seeminglyB. especiallyC. actuallyD. extremely
22. A. surgeryB. reliefC. explanatinD. delivery
23. A. arrangedB. reprtedC. cmpletedD. imprved
24. A. irreplaceableB. familiarC. cnfusingD. unexpected
25. A. mistakeB. abnrmalityC. behavirD. failure
26. A. scaredB. tiredC. cncentratedD. curius
27. A. repeatedB. recalledC. returnedD. withdrew
28. A. shakingB. pilingC. sinkingD. disappearing
29. A. liftedB. penC. cveredD. bare
30. A. believedB. cmfrtedC. respectedD. prmised
31. A. updatingB. btainingC. checkingD. tracking
32. A. assessB. repairC. equipD. stabilize
33. A. cnfidenceB. friendlinessC. calmnessD. independence
34. A. n purpseB. by luckC. fr sureD. in time
35. A. tuchedB. amusedC. remindedD. accmpanied
【参考答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. A
29. B 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。医生们在剧烈地震中冒着生命危险完成开颅手术，他们的大爱和无私感动了许多人。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他已经休克了，被发现时身上多处受伤，尤其是头部严重受伤。A. seemingly貌似；B. especially特别；C. actually实际上；D. extremely极度。根据前文“Already in shck, he was fund with multiple injuries”和下文“a critical head injury”可知，男子已经休克，多处伤口，头部尤其严重，空处表示递进。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：需要立即进行手术来阻止这种危及生命的情况。A. surgery外科手术；B. relief信仰；C. explanatin解释；D. delivery递送。根据后文中多次出现的peratin可知，需要立即对该男子进行手术来阻止这种危及生命的情况。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：下午九点手术开始，并且预计大约两个小时后完成。A. arranged安排；B. reprted报道；C. cmpleted完成；D. imprved改进。根据前文“the peratin started”和下文“in abut tw hurs”可知，预计两个小时完成手术。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在大约10点30分时，医生们准备缝合病人的头部时，一件意想不到的事情发生了。A. irreplaceable不可替代的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. cnfusing令人困惑的；D. unexpected出乎意料的。根据后文“An earthquake.”可知，发生了意料之外的事情。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着监视器的护士第一个察觉到了异常，大声喊道，“地震”。A. mistake错误；B. abnrmality反常情况；C. behavir行为；D. failure失败。根据后文“An earthquake”可知，发生了异常情况。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，医生们太集中精力，没有注意到这个情况。A. scared恐惧的；B. tired疲惫的；C. cncentrated集中的；D. curius好奇的。根据后文“the dctrs finally lifted their heads and nticed the danger”可知，刚开始医生做手术太集中注意力，没有注意到发生了地震。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 护士重复了一遍之后，医生们终于抬起头来，注意到了危险。A. repeated重复；B. recalled回忆；C. returned归还；D. withdrew收回。前文说医生没有注意到地震，结合后文“the dctrs finally lifted their heads and nticed the danger.”可知，医生注意到了，因此推断护士重复了一遍。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：手术室里的一切都在晃动。A. shaking震动；B. piling堆积；C. sinking下沉；D. disappearing消失。根据前文“An earthquake.”可知，地震了，手术室了的一切都在晃动。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，如果手术停止，病人的头部敞开着，他的生命会受到威胁。A. lifted提升的；B. pen敞开的；C. cvered覆盖的；D. bare赤裸裸的。根据前文“a critical head injury”可知，病人做的头部手术，因此手术停止，头部就是敞开的。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“镇静！镇静！”医务人员互相安慰。A. believed相信；B. cmfrted安慰；C. respected尊重；D. prmised许诺。根据前文““Calm dwn! Calm dwn!””可知，医务人员相互安慰。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在检查完所有相关设备后，他们决定继续手术。A. updating更新；B. btaining获得；C. checking检查；D. tracking追踪。根据后文“they decided t cntinue”可推知，医生检查了所有的设备后继续手术。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 随着手术的进行，震动越来越严重，护士们不得不紧紧地抓住手术台来稳定它。A. assess评估；B. repair修理；C. equip配备；D. stabilize稳定；稳固。根据前文“Hwever, it was getting wrse as the peratin prceeded, and the nurses had t hld the peratin table tightly”可知，晃动的越来越严重，护士仅仅的抓住手术台来稳定它。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：凭借团队的冷静和出色的专业技能，他们在更糟糕的情况发生之前及时完成了高风险的手术。A. cnfidence信心；B. friendliness友谊；亲切；C. calmness镇静；D. independence独立。根据前文“Calm dwn! Calm dwn!”可知，医护人员非常镇静。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意： 凭借团队的冷静和出色的专业技能，他们在更糟糕的情况发生之前及时完成了高风险的手术。A. n purpse故意地；B. by luck幸运地；C. fr sure确定地；D. in time及时。根据后文“befre a wrse cnditin may happen”可知，及时完成了高风险的手术。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 许多人被白衣天使的大爱和无私所感动，并为他们竖起大拇指。A. tuched使感动；B. amused使愉快；C. reminded提醒；D. accmpanied陪伴。根据后前文“ by the great lve and selflessness f the angels in white and shw thumbs-up fr them”可知，人们是感动的。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
China plans t expand its space statin t six mdules(舱)frm three in cming years, a researcher at the China Academy f Space Technlgy said n Wednesday.
The space statin will play ____36____ imprtant rle as “space hme prt”, ____37____ (prvide) an alternative platfrm fr near-Earth missins as the Internatinal Space Statin (ISS) nears the end f its lifespan(寿命). The ISS ____38____ (expect) t be decmmissined (退役) after 2030. The lifetime f the Chinese space statin will be mre than 15 years. It is lnger than the 10 years the cuntry ____39____ (previus) annunced.
China’s self-built space statin, als ____40____ (knw) as Tiangng, r Sky Palace in Chinese, has been ____41____ full peratin since late 2022. And it hsts a maximum f three astrnaut s at an rbital altitude f up t 450 kilmeters.
It will have a weight f 180 tnnes after expansin, abut 40 percent f the mass f the ISS, ____42____ has been in rbit fr ver tw decades.
Regarding the expansin, anther mdule is als in the plan. Other plans, including the develpment f large space telescpes, 3D printers, intelligent rbts ____43____ a warning system, are als underway.
Chinese state media said last year that China wuld be matchless as the ISS was appraching ____44____ (retire), and added that China had been requested by several cuntries _____45_____ (send) their astrnauts t the Chinese statin.
【参考答案】36. an 37. prviding 38. is expected 39. previusly 40. knwn 41. in 42. which 43. and 44. retirement 45. t send
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述中国计划在未来几年内将其“天宫”空间站从三个模块扩展到六个模块，为其他国家的宇航员提供一个执行近地任务的平台。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：空间站将发挥“太空母港”的重要作用，在国际空间站接近其寿命终点时，为近地任务提供另一个平台。play “发挥……作用”。imprtant为元音音素开头，用an。故填an。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处为非谓语形式作状语，表示理所应当的结果，用现在分词短语作结果状语。故填prviding。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：国际空间站预计将在2030年后退役。be expected t d sth.“被期待做某事”，expect与主语the ISS是被动关系，用被动语态，描述事实用一般现在时，主语是单数。故填is expected。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：这比该国之前宣布的10年要长。此处应用副词修饰动词annunced。故填previusly。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国自建的空间站，也被称为天宫，或天空宫殿，自2022年底以来一直全面运行。此处为非谓语形式，knw与statin是被动关系，用过去分词形式。 故填knwn。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意同上。in peratin“在运行中”固定短语。故填in。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：膨胀后，它的重量将达到180吨，约为国际空间站质量的40%，国际空间站已经在轨道上运行了20多年。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the ISS，先行词在定语从句中作主语，指物。故填which。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：其他计划,包括大型太空望远镜的开发、3D打印机、智能机器人和预警系统也正在进行中。此处为多个名词短语并列作介词f的宾语，最后一个名词短语前应用and连接。故填and。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国官方媒体去年表示，随着国际空间站即将退役，中国将是无与伦比的，并补充说，中国已被几个国家要求将他们的宇航员送到中国空间站。此处作介词tward的宾语，用名词。故填retirement。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国官方媒体去年表示，随着国际空间站即将退役，中国将是无与伦比的，并补充说，中国已被几个国家要求将他们的宇航员送到中国空间站。be requested t d sth.“被请求做某事”，用不定式作主语补足语。故填t send。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华。你的英国网友Peter发来邮件表示他不理解为什么中国人即使天气恶劣也要回家过年。请你给他回封邮件，解答他的疑惑。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考答案】
Dear Peter,
I received yur e-mail shwing yur cnfusin abut Chinese peple’s determinatin t return hme fr the Spring Festival despite harsh weather cnditins. This reslve is primarily influenced by several key factrs.
Chinese peple returning hme fr the Spring Festival has gne far beynd a simple family reunin. First f all, it is a lng Chinese traditin. Secndly, it is a way t shw gratitude and lve t ur family and ancestrs. Mrever, it reminds each f us f the existence f a Chinese natin united by shared custms, indirectly fstering a lve fr ur mtherland.
As far as we Chinese are cncerned, hmetwn is ur spiritual hly land, and ging hme fr the Spring Festival is ur mst rmantic expressin.
Yurs.
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When yu find smene made a mistake, which wuld yu chse, being right r being nice?
At ages five and eight, Bbby and I wuld spend ur usual Saturday with Grandpa, cleaning his huse.
Grandpa was nly in his late fifties. His wn dad had died early, s he didn’t g t schl but ran the family farm t raise his family. Because f that, his skills cnsisted f being able t sign his name, read his grandchildren’s names, and d simple sums in his head.
Then I didn’t understand the pverty and limited pprtunities Grandpa lived with. A little fd was the nly items in his small refrigeratr. He wrked as a night guard fr several cmpanies, and the highlight f his week was the reward he gave my brther and me fr cleaning.
After we were dne, Grandpa wuld put n his nly suit, and we’d head t twn. As we walked, Grandpa wuld greet every persn he met alng the way. Everyne had a stry t share, and Grandpa wuld stand quietly, always smiling, and listen with great appreciatin.
When we’d finally arrive at Grandpa’s favrite diner, the waitresses wuld all greet him as a lng-lst elder. Bbby and I split an adult plate, and Grandpa either had a cup f sup r a cup f cffee, talking abut hw well we cleaned his place, telling anyne wh wuld listen every step f every task we accmplished. Every waitress wuld make sure they came up t say “hi” t Grandpa and cngratulate his grandkids n their wrk. It may have been a diner, but it was ur anther hme.
When dinner was ver, the waitress wuld bring the check and slide it ver t Grandpa. One day it was Glria, and like always she bent clse t him and tld him the amunt f the check (knwing that he culdn’t read the paper).
Grandpa carefully dug int the pcket and brught ut a brken cin purse. He carefully laid ut the bills and cins. Then he gave Glria a very very small tip. I was ashamed that he had gt it wrng and that he—we—wuld be embarrassed.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was abut t say smething t Grandpa when Glria grabbed my hand.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The wrds “being nice” played ver and ver in my mind.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
I was abut t say smething t Grandpa when Glria grabbed my hand. “Cme and get sme flwers, tday’s gifts, Susie,” she said as she led me tward the cunter. “I want yu t listen carefully, Susie,” Glria said t me seriusly. “Yu can’t d that. Yur grandfather is very kind. Althugh his incme is small, he has helped many peple, including me. Everyne here respects him s much.” I listened carefully. “If yu blame him fr nt tipping enugh, it will nt nly embarrass Grandpa, but als make us sad. Just being nice.” Glria cntinued.
The wrds “being nice” played ver and ver in my mind. I listened t Glria and stared at thse flwers, deep in thught. I seemed t understand what Glria said. “If yu hadn’t appeared in time, I might have made a big mistake. May I have these flwers?” I whispered. “Of curse.” she replied, smiling. I tk the flwers and went straight t my grandfather, handing them t him with bth hands and saying, “Thank yu fr treating us t a big meal.” Grandpa happily tk the flwers and tuched my head. Everyne in the restaurant was happy, t.
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A．£19.15. B．£9.18. C．£9.15.
答案是C。
1．Why d the speakers line up?
A．T buy sme fd. B．T buy sme water. C．T get int the cinema.
2．Where des Nancy want t take the custmers?
A．The art museum. B．The pera hall. C．The histry museum.
3．What clr cat des the man recmmend?
A．White. B．Pink. C．Green.
4．Wh is the man mst prbably talking t?
A．A student. B．A plicewman. C．A dentist.
5．What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A．Their dg. B．The weather. C．Their huse.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．When will the man meet Tny n Saturday?
A．At 9:00 am. B．At 1:00 pm. C．At 4:00 pm.
7．What will the speakers d at the Jungle Cafe?
A．Have breakfast. B．Have lunch. C．Have afternn tea.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What is wrng with the wman’s mther?
A．She has frgtten t shp. B．She has n place t live. C．She has heart disease.
9．What des the wman plan t d tmrrw?
A．G shpping. B．See a dctr. C．Have a meeting.
10．What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A．Gd friends. B．Husband and wife. C．Bss and emplyee.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．Wh des Andy want t send a gift t?
A．His mther. B．His aunt. C．His sister.
12．Hw much will Andy spend n the scarf?
A．$30. B．$40. C．$50.
13．What des Alice ffer t d in the end?
A．Pst the scarf fr Andy. B．Lend Andy sme mney. C．G shpping with Andy.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14．Hw lng is Mr. White’s vacatin?
A．Abut fur days. B．Abut a week. C．Abut a mnth.
15．What is the wman?
A．A teacher. B．A travel agent. C．A lawyer.
16．What d we knw abut the Malaysian Airways flight?
A．It departs at 6:30 pm. B．It lasts fr 7 hurs. C．It is a nn-stp flight.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What did the speaker’s friend think f Wild Ways?
A．It was bring. B．It was attractive. C．It was expensive.
18．What appealed t the speaker mst abut the bk?
A．The histrical knwledge. B．The leading character. C．The brief descriptin.
19．Wh wrte the bk?
A．Harry Kevin. B．William Baker. C．Margaret Emersn.
20．What des the speaker say abut the bk?
A．It’s hard t understand. B．It will gain recgnitin. C．It sells at a discunt.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Autmatin has pineered innvatin, yur phne is prbably in yur pcket r yur hands at all times, and it’s easier nw, mre than ever, t cmmunicate with anyne in the wrld. Technlgy is everywhere these days. What are yur thughts n technlgy, scial media, r yur phne? D yu feel excited every time yu get a message, r d yu feel trapped by these digital chains?
Hwever yu feel, we want yu t represent technlgy in artwrk — paintings, cllege (剪贴), digital art, phtgraphy, etc. Yu may even see yur art wrk in future issues f ur magazine, s keep yur eyes wide pen!
Deadline: June 21, 2024.
Rules:
·Yu must be a teen (aged 13 — 19) with ur website accunt t enter.
·N inapprpriate cntent.
·Submissins must fcus n the tpic: Technlgy.
Guidelines and Details:
·Yur entry must be art wrk created by yurself fr the first time.
·There is n limitatin n the number f art wrk yu can submit.
Hw t Submit:
·Submit entries thrugh ur website. All entries submitted t us are autmatically cnsidered fr the cntest. See ur submissin guidelines fr mre infrmatin.
·Submit yur wrk t the apprpriate art categry. Include “technlgy” in yur submissin’s labels. Yu can d this by using the “additinal labels” field in yur submissin frm.
Prizes:
·The winner and the nminees (被提名者) will have their entries published in ur magazine.
·The verall winner will receive a $25 Amazn gift card and als three mnths’ free access t ur magazine.
1. What subject shuld the entry be related t?
A. Cllage.B. Phtgraphy.C. Technlgy.D. Cmmunicatin.
2. Which f the fllwing will result in disqualificatin?
A. A cntestant is 16 years ld.B. An entry is submitted by pst n June 25.
C. An entry is created by nly ne persn.D. A cntestant submits as many as 20 entries.
3. What benefit will a nminee receive?
A. A $25 gift card.B. Free magazine subscriptins.
C. A label named after them.D. Having their entries published.
【参考答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。本文是一则艺术征文竞赛的通知。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Hwever yu feel, we want yu t represent technlgy in artwrk—paintings, cllege (剪贴), digital art, phtgraphy, etc.(然而,你觉得,我们希望你代表技术在艺术绘画,大学,数字艺术,摄影等。)”和Rules: 部分的“Submissins must fcus n the tpic: Technlgy.( 提交的内容必须集中在这个主题:技术。)”可知，作品的内容必须与技术相关。故选C。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Deadline:“June 21,2024.”和Hw t Submit 部分中的“Submit entries thrugh ur website.(通过我们的网站提交参赛作品)”可知，截止日期为2024年6月21 日，参赛作品要在线提交。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中的“The winner and the nminees (被提名者) will have their entries published in ur magazine.(获奖者和被提名者的作品将刊登在我们的杂志上。)”可知，获奖者和被提名者的作品将在杂志上被发表。故选D。
B
Brn in Wales in 1950, Martin Lckley was a pineer in the study f the dinsaur tracks and ftprints preserved in rcks arund the wrld. His wrk helped his fellw palentlgists (古生物学家) understand what the ftprints can tell us abut dinsaurs and the wrld that they lived in.
The ftprints and tracks left behind by dinsaurs and ther prehistric animals are called trace fssils (痕迹化石). They can ffer clues t hw quickly an animal walked r ran and even what their skin may have lked like. Cmpared with the bdy fssils f bnes and teeth, trace fssils cntain evidence f the interactins that the animals had with their envirnment and can describe what the physical envirnment may have lked like. They ffer a mre reliable way t imagine the speed f a dinsaur than analyzing the bnes.
Lckley’s mther and father were nature lvers. Lckley lved t bserve nature. His father inspired him t “just g ut and bserve and trust yur bservatins”, which prved imprtant in Lckley’s launching his future career in dinsaur research. He tk that advice with him t Gunnisn, suthwest f Denver, the United States. While Nrth America is hme t sme f the largest number f fssil ftprints in the wrld, Lckley’s wrk with prints and his father’s wrds tk him far and wide. He explred fssil and track sites in China, Suth Krea, Spain and the United Kingdm.
In additin t finding the tracks, Lckley devted time and energy t preserving these imprtant parts f the fssil recrd. This includes guiding the plitics needed t create UNESCO wrld heritage sites s that future generatins wuldn’t lse ut n these precius relics f the past.
4. What can we knw abut trace fssils?
A. They can reflect the then envirnment.
B. They are mainly left by sme larger animals.
C. They can be easier t preserve than teeth fssils.
D. They are as accurate as bne fssils in analyzing animals’ speed.
5. What cntributes t Lckley’s beginning his career in dinsaur tracks?
A. His family’s traditin.
B. His father’s encuragement.
C. His lve fr dinsaurs and their ftprints.
D. His desire t find the largest dinsaur track site.
6. What did Lckley d besides his prfessinal research?
A. He explred places f interest arund the wrld.
B. He guided fellw palentlgists in their wrk.
C. He cnserved and prmted dinsaur track sites.
D. He educated the next generatin f track hunters.
7. Which can best describe Lckley’s wrk?
A. Dangerus.B. Time-cnsuming.C. Far-reaching.D. Demanding.
【参考答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。马丁•洛克利是研究世界各地岩石中保存的恐龙足迹的先驱。他的工作帮助他的古生物学家同行们了解了这些脚印能告诉我们的关于恐龙和它们生活的世界的信息。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Cmpared with the bdy fssils f bnes and teeth, trace fssils cntain evidence f the interactins that the animals had with their envirnment and can describe what the physical envirnment may have lked like. They ffer a mre reliable way t imagine the speed f a dinsaur than analyzing the bnes.(与骨骼和牙齿的身体化石相比，痕迹化石包含了动物与环境相互作用的证据，可以描述物理环境可能是什么样子的。它们提供了一种比分析骨头更可靠的方法来想象恐龙的速度。)”可知，痕迹化石可以反映当时的环境情况。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“His father inspired him t “just g ut and bserve and trust yur bservatins”, which prved imprtant in Lckley’s launching his future career in dinsaur research.(他的父亲鼓励他“走出去观察，相信你的观察结果”，这对洛克利开始他未来的恐龙研究生涯很重要。)”可知，Lckley开启他的恐龙化石事业是受到他父亲的鼓励。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“In additin t finding the tracks, Lckley devted time and energy t preserving these imprtant parts f the fssil recrd. This includes guiding the plitics needed t create UNESCO wrld heritage sites s that future generatins wuldn’t lse ut n these precius relics f the past.( 除了找到这些踪迹，Lckley还投入了时间和精力来保存化石记录中的这些重要部分。这包括指导创造联合国教科文组织的世界遗产的政治需要，这样后代就不会失去过去这些珍贵的遗迹。)”可知，Lckley除了自己的专业研究，还致力于保护和推广恐龙痕迹和遗址。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“His wrk helped his fellw palentlgists (古生物学家) understand what the ftprints can tell us abut dinsaurs and the wrld that they lived in. (他的工作帮助他的古生物学家同行们了解了这些脚印能告诉我们的关于恐龙和它们生活的世界的信息。)”以及最后一段的内容“In additin t finding the tracks, Lckley devted time and energy t preserving these imprtant parts f the fssil recrd. This includes guiding the plitics needed t create UNESCO wrld heritage sites s that future generatins wuldn’t lse ut n these precius relics f the past.( 除了找到这些踪迹，Lckley还投入了时间和精力来保存化石记录中的这些重要部分。这包括指导创造联合国教科文组织的世界遗产的政治需要，这样后代就不会失去过去这些珍贵的遗迹。)”可推知，Lckley的工作影响深远。故选C。
C
Sme sngs tend t get stuck in ur heads mre easily than thers. When a sng becmes super ppular, we say it’s “gne viral”. Thse wrds might be mre accurate than we ever imagined.
David Earn is an applied mathematician. One day, he talked with musician and scientist Matt Wlhuse. Wlhuse fund sme sngs had been dwnladed thusands f times ver just a few weeks r mnths. Thse patterns lked familiar t Earn, wh studies disease epidemics. And thse dwnlad data resembled the kind f data he saw with disease transmissin (传播). They wndered whether that kind f spread frm persn t persn culd be hw peple decide that they like particular sngs.
Earn had been wrking with a mathematical mdel t predict hw diseases spread during an epidemic. His team nw used the same mdel with the sng data. They lked at the 1,000 mst dwnladed sngs in the United Kingdm, dividing them by type.
Fr ppular sngs, dwnlads increased rapidly ver time, much like a cntagius (传染性的) disease infecting a grup f susceptible peple. Sme types were mre cntagius than thers, the team reprted in 2023. “The grup f peple wh cnnect and like flk music isn’t the same as the grup f peple wh like heavy metal r dance music. They’re different scial grups,” Earn says. “And sme f thse scial grups are much mre likely t share things quickly.”
Surprisingly, pp music wasn’t the mst cntagius. It spread, but nt as quickly as sme ther types. Electrnic music, n the ther hand, was super cntagius. Earn thinks these listeners are prbably super cnnected n the web and share things mre than peple wh prefer ther types f music.
“We think f cntagin as a strictly negative thing,” Earn says. “But that same prcess f cntagin functins fr ther things in life,” he nw cncludes, “like sharing favrite sngs with yur clsest friends.”
8. Why did Earn and his team cnduct their research?
A. T analyze the pattern f sng spread.
B. T investigate the ways sngs are gruped.
C. T cunt the times that the sngs were dwnladed.
D. T study the characters f the peple wh dwnladed sngs.
9. What des the underlined wrd “susceptible” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. With a strng will.B. Preferring new ideas.
C. Sticking t traditins.D. Likely t be influenced.
10. Why des electrnic music spread quicker?
A. Electrnic music cvers all music types.
B. Its fans are skillful at surfing the Internet.
C. Electrnic music can impress peple easily.
D. Its lvers like sharing things with thers better.
11. What can be the best title fr the text?
A. Cntagin f Music.B. Music Spreads Online Wildly.
C. Hw a Sng Becmes Attractive.D. Frequency f Dwnlading Sngs.
【参考答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。病毒传染是一件非常负面的事情，但同样的传染过程也适用于生活中的其他事情，比如和你最亲密的朋友分享最喜欢的歌曲。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“They wndered whether that kind f spread frm persn t persn culd be hw peple decide that they like particular sngs.(他们想知道，这种人与人之间的传播是否可能是人们决定自己喜欢某首歌的方式。)”可知，Earn和他的团队进行研究是为了弄清楚音乐的传播方式。故选A。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上文“Fr ppular sngs, dwnlads increased rapidly ver time(随着时间的推移，流行歌曲的下载量迅速增长)”可推断，因此推断“much like a cntagius (传染性的) disease infecting a grup f susceptible peple(就像传染病感染了一群susceptible人群)”可知，此处表示对于流行歌曲，下载量随着时间的推移而迅速增长，就像传染病感染了一群“易感”人群一样。故该词表示“易受影响的”。 故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Earn thinks these listeners are prbably super cnnected n the web and share things mre than peple wh prefer ther types f music.( Earn认为这些听众在网络上的联系可能比那些喜欢其他类型音乐的人更紧密，分享的东西也更多。)”可知，电子音乐的听众在网络上分享的东西更多。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段的“Wlhuse fund sme sngs had been dwnladed thusands f times ver just a few weeks r mnths. Thse patterns lked familiar t Earn, wh studies disease epidemics. And thse dwnlad data resembled the kind f data he saw with disease transmissin (传播). They wndered whether that kind f spread frm persn t persn culd be hw peple decide that they like particular sngs. (伍尔豪斯发现，一些歌曲在短短几周或几个月内就被下载了数千次。对于研究疾病流行的Earn来说，这些模式看起来很熟悉。这些下载的数据类似于他看到的疾病传播的数据。他们想知道，这种人与人之间的传播是否可能是人们决定自己喜欢某首歌的方式。)”并通读全文可知，本文讲述，音乐的传播类似病毒的传播，病毒传染是一件非常负面的事情，但同样的传染过程也适用于生活中的其他事情，比如和你最亲密的朋友分享最喜欢的歌曲。因此推断“音乐的传染”。故选A。
D
The first U. S. ckbk was published in 1796, and since then, they have prvided insight int different times in American histry.
Ckbks tell us what fds were available during the perid the bks were written. If yu see a lt f recipes fr things that are preserved fr pickles (腌菜), yu knw that yu’re lking at a time withut refrigeratin. In the late 1860s, many recipes started paying mre attentin t fd bacteria cncerns and healthy-seeming fds, reflecting sciety’s grwing knwledge f bth subjects. Ckbks shw that meal planning changed in the 1930s, when refrigeratrs became mre cmmn in American hmes.
Early ckbks were als lifestyle guides. S, there were nt nly sme recipes fr fd, but recipes fr a cleaning slvent (溶剂) r what t d when yur child were pisned, hw t clean, and hw t get spts ut.
Ckbks became mre diversified and reginal after the Civil War. Suthern writers, and sme Nrthern writers, began publishing ckbks in an attempt t memrialize, and beautify, the American Suth. They became very successful and they really helped t develp a sense f what suthern hspitality was. Cmmunity ckbks, edited by mre than ne persn, ften as a fundraiser r fr charity, ultimately prvide insight int what middle-class Americans were eating at a given time, as well as a statement abut neighbrhds and grups.
Ckbks, hwever, srt f stp being a cmprehensive reflectin f sciety nw. Yu really have t think abut the publishing wrld and wh it is, where it is, and what it wants. The publishing wrld desn’t necessarily have the gal f representing the truth f Americans because it wants t make mney. But publishing’s cntrl f the strytelling has lsened. Scial media and fd blgs have led t the freedm f cnversatins arund fd, recipes and cking, giving cnsumers mre pwer.
But that desn’t mean that the glden age f ckbks is ver. Ckbks are still ne f the mst ppular bks ut there and are purchased regularly. They’re very gd t give as gifts. They’re very, very ppular because they’re srt f neutral (中立的). And everyne lves a ckbk, especially with beautiful pages.
12. What can we learn frm paragraph 2?
A. There are always recipes t make pickles in ckbks.
B. Refrigeratrs first entered American hmes in the 1930s.
C. Peple ate mre healthy fds in the late 1860s than nw.
D. The cking methd changes as the equipment imprves.
13. What des the furth paragraph mainly fcus n?
A. The variety f ckbks.B. The ppularity f ckbks.
C. The limitatins f ckbks.D. The editrs f ckbks.
14. What weakens the pwer f ckbks nw?
A. New media.B. Picky cnsumers.
C. Outdated cntent.D. Ecnmic dwnturn.
15. What des the authr say abut U. S. ckbks?
A. They are all abut sme recipes fr fd.
B. They are still appealing fr their bjective descriptin.
C. They are the vice f middle-class Americans.
D. They are purchased mre easily nline nw.
【参考答案】12. D 13. A 14. A 15. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了美国食谱对人们的影响。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“If yu see a lt f recipes fr things that are preserved fr pickles (腌菜), yu knw that yu’re lking at a time withut refrigeratin.(如果你看到很多关于腌制泡菜的食谱，你就知道你看到的是一段没有冷藏的时间。)”和“Ckbks shw that meal planning changed in the 1930s, when refrigeratrs became mre cmmn in American hmes.( 烹饪书显示，20世纪30年代，当冰箱在美国家庭中变得更加普遍时，饮食计划发生了变化。)”可推断出，烹饪方法随着设备的改进而变化。故选D。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段内容“Ckbks became mre diversified and reginal after the Civil War. Suthern writers, and sme Nrthern writers, began publishing ckbks in an attempt t memrialize, and beautify, the American Suth. They became very successful and they really helped t develp a sense f what suthern hspitality was. Cmmunity ckbks, edited by mre than ne persn, ften as a fundraiser r fr charity, ultimately prvide insight int what middle-class Americans were eating at a given time, as well as a statement abut neighbrhds and grups.(内战后，烹饪书变得更加多样化和地域性。南方作家和一些北方作家开始出版烹饪书，试图纪念和美化美国南方。他们非常成功，他们真的帮助人们了解了南方的好客之道。社区烹饪书由不止一个人编辑，通常是作为筹款活动或慈善活动，最终提供了对特定时间美国中产阶级饮食的见解，以及对社区和群体的声明。)”可知，主题句是“Ckbks became mre diversified and reginal after the Civil War.”可知，本段说明烹饪书的多样性。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Scial media and fd blgs have led t the freedm f cnversatins arund fd, recipes and cking, giving cnsumers mre pwer.(社交媒体和美食博客带来了围绕食物、食谱和烹饪的自由对话，给了消费者更多的权力。)”可知，新媒体的出现削弱了烹饪书的话语权。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Ckbks are still ne f the mst ppular bks ut there and are purchased regularly. They’re very gd t give as gifts. They’re very, very ppular because they’re srt f neutral (中立的). And everyne lves a ckbk, especially with beautiful pages. (烹饪书仍然是最受欢迎的书籍之一，而且经常被购买。它们很适合作为礼物送人。它们非常非常受欢迎，因为它们有点中性。每个人都喜欢烹饪书，尤其是有漂亮页面的。)”可知，作者认为烹饪书如今因为它们客观的描述依然受欢迎。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Staying mtivated is key t achieving persnal and prfessinal success. Hwever, it’s cmmn t experience waves in mtivatin levels. T vercme these challenges and maintain a high level f mtivatin, we’ve cmpiled practical tips that can help yu stay n track and achieve yur gals.
＊Set clear and specific gals. Having clear and specific gals is essential fr keeping mtivated. Define what yu want t achieve and break it dwn int smaller tasks. This way, yu’ll have a clear rad map. ____16____.
＊Stay inspired with rle mdels. The peple yu spend time with greatly affect yur mindset. Get yurself clse t individuals wh are supprtive, psitive, and mtivated themselves. ____17____. During challenging times, they can als help yu maintain a psitive utlk.
＊____18____. Understanding the underlying reasns behind yur gals can greatly inspire yur mtivatin. Reflect n why yu want t achieve smething and hw it agrees with yur values and wishes. Having a strng sense f purpse will serve as a cnstant reminder and fuel yur determinatin.
＊Break tasks int manageable parts. ____19____. Break them int manageable parts. And then, fcus n ne step at a time. This way, yu’ll experience a sense f prgress, bming yur mtivatin and making the task feel mre achievable.
＊Celebrate milestnes and prgress. Acknwledging yur achievements, n matter hw small, is key t staying mtivated. Celebrate milestnes and prgress alng the way. ____20____. Or yu can take a mment t reflect n hw far yu’ve cme. The psitive strengthening will keep yur mtivatin levels high.
Staying mtivated requires intentinal effrt and self-reflectin. With the right strategies, yu can vercme bstacles and maintain yur drive twards success.
A. Find yur why
B. Pay attentin t peple arund yu
C. Their energy and encuragement can inspire yu
D. Overladed tasks can quickly beat yur mtivatin
E. It culd be treating yurself t smething yu enjy
F. Imagine the psitive emtins and sense f accmplishment
G. It can fuel yur mtivatin as yu achieve each milestne
【参考答案】16. G 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. E
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了保持积极态度的一些实用的建议。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Having clear and specific gals is essential fr keeping mtivated. Define what yu want t achieve and break it dwn int smaller tasks. This way, yu’ll have a clear rad map. (有明确而具体的目标是保持动力的必要条件。明确你想要实现的目标，并把它分解成更小的任务。这样，你就有了一个清晰的路线图)”可知，你要确定你想要实现的目标，并将其分解为更小的任务。这样，你就会有一个清晰的路线图。因此推断G项“它可以在你实现每个里程碑时让你更加有动力。”符合语境，前后文是因果关系。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据空前“The peple yu spend time with greatly affect yur mindset. Get yurself clse t individuals wh are supprtive, psitive, and mtivated themselves.( 和你在一起的人会极大地影响你的心态。和那些支持你、积极向上、自我激励的人亲近)”和空后“During challenging times, they can als help yu maintain a psitive utlk.(在困难时期，他们也可以帮助你保持积极的态度)”可知，和支持你，积极向上自我激励的人在一起，会极大地激励你，帮助你保持积极的心态，因此推断C选项“他们的能量和鼓励可以激励你”符合语境，与下文也是并列的关系。故选C。
【18题详解】
空处为段落主题句。根据段中的“Understanding the underlying reasns behind yur gals can greatly inspire yur mtivatin. Reflect n why yu want t achieve smething and hw it agrees with yur values and wishes.(了解目标背后的潜在原因可以极大地激发你的动力。反思你为什么想要实现某件事，以及它如何符合你的价值观和愿望)”可知，本段说明要找到潜在原因，A项中why是关键词，A项“找到你的理由”符合语境。 故选A。
【19题详解】
根据段落小标题“Break tasks int manageable parts. (把任务分成可管理的部分)”及后文内容“Break them int manageable parts. And then, fcus n ne step at a time. This way, yu’ll experience a sense f prgress, bming yur mtivatin and making the task feel mre achievable. (把它们分成易于管理的部分。然后，一次只关注一步。这样，你会有一种进步的感觉，激发你的动力，让任务更容易实现)”可知，本段是讲超负荷的任务会很快击败你的动力，需要把它们分解成更小的、可管理的部分。故D项“超负荷的任务会很快击垮你的动力”说明超负荷任务的危害，承上启下，符合语境。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据空前“Acknwledging yur achievements, n matter hw small, is key t staying mtivated. Celebrate milestnes and prgress alng the way.(承认自己的成就，无论多么小，都是保持动力的关键。庆祝沿途的里程碑和进步)”和空后“Or yu can take a mment t reflect n hw far yu’ve cme. The psitive strengthening will keep yur mtivatin levels high.(或者你可以花点时间反思一下你已经走了多远。积极的强化会让你的动力水平保持高水平)”可在，承认你的成就是保持动力的关键，你可以庆祝每一个里程碑和进步，积极的强化会让你的动力保持高水平。因此推断E项“它可以是给自己一些你喜欢的东西”举例说明可以采取的做法，符合语境，承上启下，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One evening, a man was injured in an accident and rushed t a hspital. Already in shck, he was fund with multiple injuries, ____21____ a critical head injury. Immediate ____22____ was needed t stp the life-threatening situatin.
At 9:00 pm, the peratin started and was suppsed t be ____23____ in abut tw hurs. When the dctrs were abut t sew up the patient’s head at abut 10:30 pm, a (n) ____24____ thing happened.
The nurse watching the mnitr sensed the ____25____ first and called ut, “An earthquake.” Yet, the dctrs were t ____26____ t ntice the situatin. After the nurse ____27____, the dctrs finally lifted their heads and nticed the danger.
Everything in the peratin rm was ____28____. Yet, if the peratin was stpped and the patient’s head was left ____29____ , his life wuld be endangered.
“Calm dwn! Calm dwn!” the medical staff _____30_____ each ther. At the same time, after_____31_____ all related equipment, they decided t cntinue. Hwever, it was getting wrse as the peratin prceeded, and the nurses had t hld the peratin table tightly t _____32_____ it. By virtue f the team’s _____33_____ and excellent prfessinal skills, they cmpleted the high-risk peratin _____34_____ befre a wrse cnditin may happen. The patient recvered well later.
Many peple are _____35_____ by the great lve and selflessness f the angels in white and shw thumbs-up fr them.
21. A. seeminglyB. especiallyC. actuallyD. extremely
22. A. surgeryB. reliefC. explanatinD. delivery
23. A. arrangedB. reprtedC. cmpletedD. imprved
24. A. irreplaceableB. familiarC. cnfusingD. unexpected
25. A. mistakeB. abnrmalityC. behavirD. failure
26. A. scaredB. tiredC. cncentratedD. curius
27. A. repeatedB. recalledC. returnedD. withdrew
28. A. shakingB. pilingC. sinkingD. disappearing
29. A. liftedB. penC. cveredD. bare
30. A. believedB. cmfrtedC. respectedD. prmised
31. A. updatingB. btainingC. checkingD. tracking
32. A. assessB. repairC. equipD. stabilize
33. A. cnfidenceB. friendlinessC. calmnessD. independence
34. A. n purpseB. by luckC. fr sureD. in time
35. A. tuchedB. amusedC. remindedD. accmpanied
【参考答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. A
29. B 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。医生们在剧烈地震中冒着生命危险完成开颅手术，他们的大爱和无私感动了许多人。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他已经休克了，被发现时身上多处受伤，尤其是头部严重受伤。A. seemingly貌似；B. especially特别；C. actually实际上；D. extremely极度。根据前文“Already in shck, he was fund with multiple injuries”和下文“a critical head injury”可知，男子已经休克，多处伤口，头部尤其严重，空处表示递进。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：需要立即进行手术来阻止这种危及生命的情况。A. surgery外科手术；B. relief信仰；C. explanatin解释；D. delivery递送。根据后文中多次出现的peratin可知，需要立即对该男子进行手术来阻止这种危及生命的情况。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：下午九点手术开始，并且预计大约两个小时后完成。A. arranged安排；B. reprted报道；C. cmpleted完成；D. imprved改进。根据前文“the peratin started”和下文“in abut tw hurs”可知，预计两个小时完成手术。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在大约10点30分时，医生们准备缝合病人的头部时，一件意想不到的事情发生了。A. irreplaceable不可替代的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. cnfusing令人困惑的；D. unexpected出乎意料的。根据后文“An earthquake.”可知，发生了意料之外的事情。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着监视器的护士第一个察觉到了异常，大声喊道，“地震”。A. mistake错误；B. abnrmality反常情况；C. behavir行为；D. failure失败。根据后文“An earthquake”可知，发生了异常情况。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，医生们太集中精力，没有注意到这个情况。A. scared恐惧的；B. tired疲惫的；C. cncentrated集中的；D. curius好奇的。根据后文“the dctrs finally lifted their heads and nticed the danger”可知，刚开始医生做手术太集中注意力，没有注意到发生了地震。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 护士重复了一遍之后，医生们终于抬起头来，注意到了危险。A. repeated重复；B. recalled回忆；C. returned归还；D. withdrew收回。前文说医生没有注意到地震，结合后文“the dctrs finally lifted their heads and nticed the danger.”可知，医生注意到了，因此推断护士重复了一遍。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：手术室里的一切都在晃动。A. shaking震动；B. piling堆积；C. sinking下沉；D. disappearing消失。根据前文“An earthquake.”可知，地震了，手术室了的一切都在晃动。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，如果手术停止，病人的头部敞开着，他的生命会受到威胁。A. lifted提升的；B. pen敞开的；C. cvered覆盖的；D. bare赤裸裸的。根据前文“a critical head injury”可知，病人做的头部手术，因此手术停止，头部就是敞开的。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“镇静！镇静！”医务人员互相安慰。A. believed相信；B. cmfrted安慰；C. respected尊重；D. prmised许诺。根据前文““Calm dwn! Calm dwn!””可知，医务人员相互安慰。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在检查完所有相关设备后，他们决定继续手术。A. updating更新；B. btaining获得；C. checking检查；D. tracking追踪。根据后文“they decided t cntinue”可推知，医生检查了所有的设备后继续手术。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 随着手术的进行，震动越来越严重，护士们不得不紧紧地抓住手术台来稳定它。A. assess评估；B. repair修理；C. equip配备；D. stabilize稳定；稳固。根据前文“Hwever, it was getting wrse as the peratin prceeded, and the nurses had t hld the peratin table tightly”可知，晃动的越来越严重，护士仅仅的抓住手术台来稳定它。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：凭借团队的冷静和出色的专业技能，他们在更糟糕的情况发生之前及时完成了高风险的手术。A. cnfidence信心；B. friendliness友谊；亲切；C. calmness镇静；D. independence独立。根据前文“Calm dwn! Calm dwn!”可知，医护人员非常镇静。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意： 凭借团队的冷静和出色的专业技能，他们在更糟糕的情况发生之前及时完成了高风险的手术。A. n purpse故意地；B. by luck幸运地；C. fr sure确定地；D. in time及时。根据后文“befre a wrse cnditin may happen”可知，及时完成了高风险的手术。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 许多人被白衣天使的大爱和无私所感动，并为他们竖起大拇指。A. tuched使感动；B. amused使愉快；C. reminded提醒；D. accmpanied陪伴。根据后前文“ by the great lve and selflessness f the angels in white and shw thumbs-up fr them”可知，人们是感动的。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
China plans t expand its space statin t six mdules(舱)frm three in cming years, a researcher at the China Academy f Space Technlgy said n Wednesday.
The space statin will play ____36____ imprtant rle as “space hme prt”, ____37____ (prvide) an alternative platfrm fr near-Earth missins as the Internatinal Space Statin (ISS) nears the end f its lifespan(寿命). The ISS ____38____ (expect) t be decmmissined (退役) after 2030. The lifetime f the Chinese space statin will be mre than 15 years. It is lnger than the 10 years the cuntry ____39____ (previus) annunced.
China’s self-built space statin, als ____40____ (knw) as Tiangng, r Sky Palace in Chinese, has been ____41____ full peratin since late 2022. And it hsts a maximum f three astrnaut s at an rbital altitude f up t 450 kilmeters.
It will have a weight f 180 tnnes after expansin, abut 40 percent f the mass f the ISS, ____42____ has been in rbit fr ver tw decades.
Regarding the expansin, anther mdule is als in the plan. Other plans, including the develpment f large space telescpes, 3D printers, intelligent rbts ____43____ a warning system, are als underway.
Chinese state media said last year that China wuld be matchless as the ISS was appraching ____44____ (retire), and added that China had been requested by several cuntries _____45_____ (send) their astrnauts t the Chinese statin.
【参考答案】36. an 37. prviding 38. is expected 39. previusly 40. knwn 41. in 42. which 43. and 44. retirement 45. t send
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述中国计划在未来几年内将其“天宫”空间站从三个模块扩展到六个模块，为其他国家的宇航员提供一个执行近地任务的平台。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：空间站将发挥“太空母港”的重要作用，在国际空间站接近其寿命终点时，为近地任务提供另一个平台。play “发挥……作用”。imprtant为元音音素开头，用an。故填an。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处为非谓语形式作状语，表示理所应当的结果，用现在分词短语作结果状语。故填prviding。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：国际空间站预计将在2030年后退役。be expected t d sth.“被期待做某事”，expect与主语the ISS是被动关系，用被动语态，描述事实用一般现在时，主语是单数。故填is expected。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：这比该国之前宣布的10年要长。此处应用副词修饰动词annunced。故填previusly。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国自建的空间站，也被称为天宫，或天空宫殿，自2022年底以来一直全面运行。此处为非谓语形式，knw与statin是被动关系，用过去分词形式。 故填knwn。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意同上。in peratin“在运行中”固定短语。故填in。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：膨胀后，它的重量将达到180吨，约为国际空间站质量的40%，国际空间站已经在轨道上运行了20多年。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the ISS，先行词在定语从句中作主语，指物。故填which。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：其他计划,包括大型太空望远镜的开发、3D打印机、智能机器人和预警系统也正在进行中。此处为多个名词短语并列作介词f的宾语，最后一个名词短语前应用and连接。故填and。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国官方媒体去年表示，随着国际空间站即将退役，中国将是无与伦比的，并补充说，中国已被几个国家要求将他们的宇航员送到中国空间站。此处作介词tward的宾语，用名词。故填retirement。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国官方媒体去年表示，随着国际空间站即将退役，中国将是无与伦比的，并补充说，中国已被几个国家要求将他们的宇航员送到中国空间站。be requested t d sth.“被请求做某事”，用不定式作主语补足语。故填t send。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华。你的英国网友Peter发来邮件表示他不理解为什么中国人即使天气恶劣也要回家过年。请你给他回封邮件，解答他的疑惑。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考答案】
Dear Peter,
I received yur e-mail shwing yur cnfusin abut Chinese peple’s determinatin t return hme fr the Spring Festival despite harsh weather cnditins. This reslve is primarily influenced by several key factrs.
Chinese peple returning hme fr the Spring Festival has gne far beynd a simple family reunin. First f all, it is a lng Chinese traditin. Secndly, it is a way t shw gratitude and lve t ur family and ancestrs. Mrever, it reminds each f us f the existence f a Chinese natin united by shared custms, indirectly fstering a lve fr ur mtherland.
As far as we Chinese are cncerned, hmetwn is ur spiritual hly land, and ging hme fr the Spring Festival is ur mst rmantic expressin.
Yurs.
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When yu find smene made a mistake, which wuld yu chse, being right r being nice?
At ages five and eight, Bbby and I wuld spend ur usual Saturday with Grandpa, cleaning his huse.
Grandpa was nly in his late fifties. His wn dad had died early, s he didn’t g t schl but ran the family farm t raise his family. Because f that, his skills cnsisted f being able t sign his name, read his grandchildren’s names, and d simple sums in his head.
Then I didn’t understand the pverty and limited pprtunities Grandpa lived with. A little fd was the nly items in his small refrigeratr. He wrked as a night guard fr several cmpanies, and the highlight f his week was the reward he gave my brther and me fr cleaning.
After we were dne, Grandpa wuld put n his nly suit, and we’d head t twn. As we walked, Grandpa wuld greet every persn he met alng the way. Everyne had a stry t share, and Grandpa wuld stand quietly, always smiling, and listen with great appreciatin.
When we’d finally arrive at Grandpa’s favrite diner, the waitresses wuld all greet him as a lng-lst elder. Bbby and I split an adult plate, and Grandpa either had a cup f sup r a cup f cffee, talking abut hw well we cleaned his place, telling anyne wh wuld listen every step f every task we accmplished. Every waitress wuld make sure they came up t say “hi” t Grandpa and cngratulate his grandkids n their wrk. It may have been a diner, but it was ur anther hme.
When dinner was ver, the waitress wuld bring the check and slide it ver t Grandpa. One day it was Glria, and like always she bent clse t him and tld him the amunt f the check (knwing that he culdn’t read the paper).
Grandpa carefully dug int the pcket and brught ut a brken cin purse. He carefully laid ut the bills and cins. Then he gave Glria a very very small tip. I was ashamed that he had gt it wrng and that he—we—wuld be embarrassed.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was abut t say smething t Grandpa when Glria grabbed my hand.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The wrds “being nice” played ver and ver in my mind.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
I was abut t say smething t Grandpa when Glria grabbed my hand. “Cme and get sme flwers, tday’s gifts, Susie,” she said as she led me tward the cunter. “I want yu t listen carefully, Susie,” Glria said t me seriusly. “Yu can’t d that. Yur grandfather is very kind. Althugh his incme is small, he has helped many peple, including me. Everyne here respects him s much.” I listened carefully. “If yu blame him fr nt tipping enugh, it will nt nly embarrass Grandpa, but als make us sad. Just being nice.” Glria cntinued.
The wrds “being nice” played ver and ver in my mind. I listened t Glria and stared at thse flwers, deep in thught. I seemed t understand what Glria said. “If yu hadn’t appeared in time, I might have made a big mistake. May I have these flwers?” I whispered. “Of curse.” she replied, smiling. I tk the flwers and went straight t my grandfather, handing them t him with bth hands and saying, “Thank yu fr treating us t a big meal.” Grandpa happily tk the flwers and tuched my head. Everyne in the restaurant was happy, t.
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