高中英语Unit 5 Languages around the world当堂检测题

这是一份高中英语Unit 5 Languages around the world当堂检测题，共3页。

At present, the wrld has abut 6, 800 languages. The distributin f these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild znes have relatively few languages, ften spken by many peple, while ht, wet znes have lts, ften spken by small numbers. Eurpe has nly arund 200 languages；the Americas abut 1, 000; Africa 2, 400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3, 200, f which Papua New Guinea alne accunts fr well ver 800. The median number（中位数）f speakers is a mere 6, 000, which means that half the wrld’s languages are spken by fewer peple than that.
Already well ver 400 f the ttal f 6, 800 languages are clse t extinctin（消亡）, with nly a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at randm, Busuu in Camern (eight remaining speakers), Chiapanec in Mexic (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (tw r three) r Wadjig in Australia (ne, with a questin-mark)：nne f these seems t have much chance f survival.
1. What can we infer abut languages in hunter-gatherer times?
A. They develped very fast.
B. They were large in number.
C. They had similar patterns.
D. They were clsely cnnected.
2. Which f the fllwing best explains “dminant” underlined in paragraph 2?
A. Cmplex.
B. Advanced.
C Pwerful.
D. Mdern.
3. Hw many languages are spken by less than 6, 000 peple at present?
A. abut 6.800.
B. abut 3. 400.
C. abut 2. 400.
D. Abut 1.200.
4. What is the main idea f the text?
A. New languages will be created.
B. Peple’s lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C. Human develpment results in fewer languages.
D. Gegraphy determines language evlutin.
【语篇导读】随着人类的发展，语言的使用也发生了变化。本文通过一系列的数据，介绍了众多语言的消失、发展与变迁。
1. B推理判断题。根据第一段中列举的数字可知，在狩猎采集时代，世界上只有五百万到一千万人口，但他们之间也许要说大约12, 000种语言，由此可推断，在那个时期语言的数量非常多。
2. C词义猜测题。根据第二段中的 all have caused many languages t disappear, and dminant languages... are increasingly taking ver可知，许多语言消失了，取而代之的是英语、西班牙语和汉语这些语言，所以，留下来的这些语言是强大的。由此可猜测，dminant的意思是“强大的；突出的”，与pwerful意思相近。
【微技能】根据上下文语境猜测词义
英语阅读理解中，词义猜测题要求考生根据阅读材料所提供的信息，结合常识和经验，正确判断生词或词组的含义或熟词在特定语境中表达的具体含义。任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有关。应利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析，进而推测出词义：（1）抓住所需推断词（组）前后的意思或系动词或破折号等直接定义该词（组）的部分；（2）抓住文章主旨与画线部分所在段落的中心思想，尤其对于议论文，要牢记论点与论据的相互支撑关系；（3）通过例证、比喻、对照、插入语等语法结构推断词义。
3. B细节理解题。根据第三段首句 At present, the wrld has abut6，800 languages.可知，目前世界上存在大约6，800种语言；再根据该段最后一句... half the wrld’s languages are spken by fewer peple than that.可知，世界上一半的语言被不到6,000人所讲，即目前有大约3, 400种语言被不到6, 000人所讲
4. C主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了在狩猎采集时代，语言的种类是很多的，但随着人类的定居，语言变得少了一些，在最近几个世纪，贸易、工业化、国家的发展及全民义务教育的普及等因素都导致了一些语言的消失。由此可知，本文主要介绍了人类的发展在一定程度上造成了语言种类的减少的现象。