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北京市朝阳区2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题（原卷版）
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这是一份北京市朝阳区2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题（原卷版），共10页。试卷主要包含了11，5分, 共15分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2024.11
(考试时间90分钟 满分100分)
本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分 知识运用 (共两节，30分)
第一节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My 10-year-ld sn Egbert was a picky eater - he nly ate chicken nuggets and ygurt - and unwilling t try new things. Accrding t him, it’s because he has phbias, including heights and the dark. I was hping t find a way t ____1____ him withut using ld sayings like “If yu dn’t try it, yu’ll never knw if yu like it.” S befre ur skiing trip t Ls Angeles, I ___2___ a rule: we wuld say yes t everything, including new fds and experiences.
We said yes frm the beginning f ur trip. At the airprt café, Egbert began by trying new fds like vegetable meatballs. ___3___, he rated it as “nt bad”. The next day in the snwbarding schl, despite the fear f heights, Egbert challenged himself t learn hw t ride a chairlift. After skiing, we were bth cld and wet, and Egbert suggested the utdr ht tub (浴缸). Thugh it wuld be a cmpletely new experience fr us, I ___4___ it tgether with him and the experience prved t be a delight. I felt ___5___ f myself fr trying smething new.
On ur summer hlidays, we cntinued the ___6___ f saying yes. At the cmpetitin in Cdy, Wyming, neither f my sn and I ___7___ when we were invited nt the field t jin in the hrse racing. Thugh we came back withut prizes, we were bth laughing, sweaty and ___8___. I knw it’s a mment we’ll never frget.
Therein lies the ___9___ f saying yes n vacatin: it pushes us ut f ur cmfrt zne, thugh it’s nt always pssible t say yes t everything in ur daily life. Develping a sense f ____10____ helps us live life t the fullest - even if we smetimes wind up cld and wet.
1. A. warnB. awardC. rderD. encurage
2. A. brkeB. setC. changedD. remembered
3. A. StrangelyB. ClearlyC. UndubtedlyD. Surprisingly
4. A. bravedB. adjustedC. missedD. discussed
5. A. afraidB. prudC. nervusD. respectful
6. A. traditinB. lessnC. trendD. celebratin
7 A. caredB. agreedC. panickedD. hesitated
8. A. puzzledB. tuchedC. excitedD. disappinted
9 A. riskB. beautyC. cstD. duty
10. A. devtinB. identityC. adventureD. happiness
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
The Chinese delegatin (代表团) cncluded the 2024 Paris Olympics with a remarkable achievement f 40 gld medals. 404 athletes ____11____ participated in 232 events acrss 30 sprts wn a ttal f 91 medals. This represents a ____12____ (significance) breakthrugh — Chinese athletes have demnstrated huge ptential in sprts where we have been late starters, while hlding the leading psitin in events such as diving and table tennis. The Paris Olympics prvided a glbal platfrm fr China ____13____ (shw) its sprtsmanship, cnfidence and penness.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Recently, I attended a high schl reunin. As I walked int the rm, a rush f emtins vercame me. Faces that I hadn’t seen in years ____14____ (smile) back at me. Memries f carefree days in ur yuth flded back. We recalled the classes, the sprts events and the tricks. ____15____ that wnderful evening, we talked abut ur dreams we had at that time and ____16____ life had unflded since. We recnnected with ld friends, ____17____ (realize) that the bnds f high schl still held strng.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Nw hundreds f Baidu’s Apll G rbtaxis are perating n the streets f Wuhan, Hubei prvince. These vehicles, ____18____(equip) with Baidu’s latest technlgy t keep safe, have becme ppular. Peple are attracted by the cmpetitive price ffers and gd service. And new jb ____19____(pprtunity) will cme with the rising demand fr rbtaxis, such as cleaning and repairing. Hwever, rbtaxis have als raised peple’s cncerns. Thus, mre effrts____20____(require) t enhance self-driving testing and related technlgy.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，38分)
第一节 (共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Disinfrmatin, which is false infrmatin spread n purpse, has becme a cause f cncern recently. In respnse t this rising glbal threat, the United Natins Infrmatin Centre (UNIC) Canberra and its partners will be rganizing a tw-day cnference, DISINFO PACIFIC, n Nvember 11 and 12, 2024.
The cnference will fcus n strategies fr preventing and reducing disinfrmatin, as well as applying best practices t address this glbal challenge. It aims t prvide a frum (论坛) fr jurnalists, scial media experts, educatrs, researchers, plicy-makers and cmmunicatins prfessinals, frm within and utside the UN.
Currently, we are in search f scial media vlunteers t prvide nline assistance fr this cnference.
Requirements:
· Outstanding ral and written cmmunicatin skills
· Prfessinal graphic (绘图的) design experience
· Prir invlvement in designing dcument layuts
· In-depth familiarity with graphic design apps
· Wrking knwledge f the English language
Nte: A degree in graphic design r a related field is cnsidered a plus.
Respnsibilities:
· Develping a cmprehensive scial media release plan
· Assisting in chsing the right types f media and updating cnference infrmatin n a daily basis
· Wrking tgether with ur cmmunicatins team t create scial media activities accrding t agreed requirements
· Develping a series f scial media resurces nce the final cncept is agreed upn, with a particular fcus n a yuth (university level) student audience
Jin us nw as a scial media vlunteer and help build a future with less disinfrmatin. Yu will als have the pprtunity t build cnnectins with the UNIC Canberra and its partners and learn abut the ways in which scial media cmmunicatin can supprt the prmtin f a cnference centering n disinfrmatin.
Find ut mre at
21. Accrding t the passage, vlunteers shuld .
A. hld a degree in graphic design
B. be able t develp graphic design apps
C. have a great cmmunicative cmpetence
D. be as fluent in English as native speakers
22. If selected, vlunteers will .
A. release a UNIC wrk planB. help design scial media activities
C. evaluate the final cnceptD. prvide weekly media updates
23. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T prmte a cnference.B. T seek nline vlunteers.
C. T highlight a glbal threat.D. T intrduce an rganizatin.
B
I’m walking arund the huse with a severe limp (跛行) and actively secnd-guessing every decisin I’ ve ever made. That can nly mean ne thing: I just ran my ne race fr the year.
The 7-mile race is in my hmetwn in Illinis, and I’ ve been ding it almst every year since I was a 12-year-ld by. I reached my peak abut 15 years ag and have been perfrming prly ever since.
Why d I keep ging if I n lnger enjy it and am getting wrse every year? Traditin, mstly. Besides, I dn’t dislike the whle race, just the running part. I like seeing all the running club members I’ ve knwn since childhd, and I lve the free beer afterward. Running is just a minr blck n the way t the gd stuff.
That day, I was accmpanied t the race by a grup f three extremely in-shape peple. We all live in the same Indianaplis suburb. These guys bike and run cuntless miles, ften in the same day. One has dne dzens f Spartan Races, which require the player t crawl thrugh mud, flip tires and thrw spears. Anther is training fr a triathln (三项全能运动). In additin t being faster than me n ft, in the water and n wheels, he can als utlift me.
I didn’t hld much hpe fr the race— n ne puts less pressure n me than me. Between miles 4 and 5, I felt s gd that I wndered why I nly d this nce a year. Then I hit mile 6, and my bdy warned me. I pushed myself until I had a mile left, at which pint my legs decided they were dne. Determinatin and a can-d attitude are n match fr gravity and distance. Exhausted, I slwly made my way t the finishing line.
Still, I can hnestly say I gave everything I had. My slw, pldding (步履艰难的) finish was actually a victry that prves I gave it my all. I dn’t need a huge cup t hnr my heric perfrmance. My aching knee is enugh f a suvenir.
A day later, even as my entire bdy tells me I’m an idit, I can’t help but feel that the race was a success. I’ve decided t keep ding this race as lng as my legs can supprt me.
24. The authr ran the race because .
A he wanted t keep the ld custmB. he wanted t cmpete with friends
C. he intended t build up his bdyD. he enjyed lng-distance running
25. Why did the authr mentin the in-shape peple?
A. T give his reasn fr lw self-expectatin.
B. T shw his envy f their athletic abilities.
C. T emphasize his strng will t win the race.
D. T express his cnfidence in finishing the race.
26. What d we knw abut the authr during the race?
A. He struggled frm beginning t end.
B. He brke his leg at the finishing line.
C. He experienced pressure frm himself.
D. He pushed himself t the limits t make it.
27. Hw did the authr feel after the race?
A. Surprised.B. Satisfied.C. Regretful.D. Grateful.
C
A species can be termed temprarily “lst” after nt being sighted fr a decade, but researchers still hpe t find it again eventually. In 2023, that hpe led t the rediscvery f Attenbrugh’s echidna, unseen fr half a century. Inspired, Thmas Evans and his team have created a database f 856 lst and 424 rediscvered species.
The database keeps grwing faster than explrers can keep up with, despite increasingly advanced technlgies fr tracing unseen creatures reaching an expertise level. The study indicates many rediscvered species appear t fllw a rather similar trend: they are big, appealing mammals r birds tending t live near humans and in mre-develped cuntries. Thus, Evans says if an animal is up t snuff but cntinues t be ut f researchers’ sight after lng searches, it’s prbably gne frever. On the cntrary, animals that dn’t exhibit the pattern fr easy rediscvery are very much alive ut there. “Because they are generally difficult t cme acrss and are therefre met with less explratry attentin, in mst cases, small, unattractive species are mre likely t be seemingly extinct but still alive,” Evans says.
Evans hpes such details will help cnservatinists like Christina Biggs, wh has been drawing upn a list f 25 “mst wanted” species fr Texas-based charity Re: wild since 2017. “Currenuly, Re: wild is finalizing its 2024 search lists, using the study’s results. We have t make hard decisins n where t put ur mney, and Evans’s research helps t direct us,” says Biggs.
But is it always in a lst species’ best interest t be fund? After a rediscvery, it can take mnths t secure an area frm hunters r turists. “In publicizing smething yu’ve rediscvered, yu’re publicizing a fd surce fr hunters,” says bilgist James Kemptn. Biggs ntes, hwever, rediscveries ften strengthen prtectin effrts. When a species is rediscvered, prtected areas will be made pssible. Biggs adds that fr sme hard- t-find species, researchers culd use Evans’s study t decide if a creature is likely still alive — and then draw brad prtected areas arund its general regin, where ther endangered species als live, rather than send pssibly fruitless explrers t the area t prve the animal’s existence.
Beynd the scientific gains, searching fr lst species plays a crucial rle in understanding and prtecting ur wrld. Once, the Yngsu Sapari cmmunity used Attenbrugh’s echidnas as a peace tl t settle arguments. “If brthers fught, they had t find an Attenbrugh’s echidna, a slutin that is increasingly difficult,” Biggs says. “S, everything is cnnected. Every species behaves in an ecsystem and fulfills a purpse.”
28. What des the underlined phrase “is up t snuff” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Fits the prfile.B. Adapts well.
C. Breaks the habit.D. Grws mature.
29. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Technlgy has reduced the number f missing species.
B. Publicizing rediscvery secures the future f lst species.
C. Larger animals face a higher extinctin risk than smaller nes.
D. Animals neighbring humans receive mre attentin in searches.
30. What might Christina Biggs agree with?
A. The number f echidnas will increase after its rediscvery.
B. Explratry missins matter mre than habitat preservatin.
C. Extinct species cme with bth eclgical and cultural lsses.
D. Thmas Evans has instructed Re: wild t identify the 25 species.
D
Over the summer, the neurscientist Christ f Kch accepted defeat n his 25-year bet with the philspher David Chalmers, a lst wager that the science f cnsciusness wuld be all wrapped up by nw. Despite decades f research, there’s little sign f shared understanding n cnsciusness, with several cmpeting theries still being debated.
In my new bk entitled Why? , I take head-n the questin f why it’s s hard t make prgress n cnsciusness. The cre difficulty is that cnsciusness cannt be easily bserved. Yu can’t lk inside smene’s brain and see their feelings and experiences. Science des deal with things that can’t be bserved, such as fundamental particles (粒子), quantum wave functins (量子波函数), and maybe even ther universes. But cnsciusness pses an imprtant difference: in all f these ther cases, we therize abut things we can’t bserve in rder t explain what we can bserve. Uniquely with cnsciusness, the thing we are trying t explain cannt be publicly bserved.
Hw then can we investigate cnsciusness? I argue that we can accunt fr the evlutin f cnsciusness nly if we reject reductinism (简化论) abut it. Mst cnsciusness researchers emply a reductinist view f the universe, where physics is running the shw. Thus, insfar as there are sme future pssibilities left pen by the arrangements f particles in ur brains, they are settled by nthing mre than the randm chanciness implicit (含蓄) in quantum mechanics.
Sme challenges have emerged lately t this reductinist mdel. The neurscientist Kevin Mitchell argues that the free will f cnscius rganisms plays a rle in determining what will happen in the brain, ver and abve what is settled by the laws f physics. Evlutin ffers ne f the strngest challenges. Natural selectin nly cares abut behavir, as it’s nly behavir that matters fr survival. Rapid prgress in AI and rbtics has made it clear, hwever, that extremely cmplex behaviur can exist in a system that entirely lacks cnscius experience. Fr any adaptive behaviur assciated with cnsciusness, there culd be a nncnscius mechanism that inspires the same behaviur. Given this, it is a deep mystery why cnsciusness evlved at all. But suppse the emergence f bilgical cnsciusness brings int existence radically new frms f behavir, ver and abve what physics alne culd prduce. Perhaps rganisms that have cnscius awareness f the wrld arund them, and thereby freely respnd based n that awareness, behave very differently than mere mechanisms. Cnsequently, they survive much better. With these assumptins, we can make sense f natural selectin’s preference fr cnscius rganisms.
As a philspher, in Why? , I develp a radical frm — the view that cnsciusness ges right dwn t the fundamental building blcks f reality — aimed at addressing the philsphical challenges f cnsciusness, as well as prviding a framewrk fr scientists t make prgress n the scientific issues. It is a pincer mvement (钳形运动) f science and philsphy that will, ultimately, crack the mystery f cnsciusness.
31. What can we learn abut cnsciusness frm this passage?
A. Cnsciusness evlves frm behavir.
B. Scientists therize cnsciusness t bserve it.
C. Cnsciusness lacks bservable phenmena t study.
D. Quantum wave functins help explain cnsciusness.
32. As fr Kevin Mitchell’s argument, the authr is .
A. supprtive.B. disapprving.C. neutral.D. uncertain.
33. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Physicists’ researches reject reductinism.
B. Brain wrks independently f the physics principles.
C. The nature f cnsciusness requires further investigatin.
D. Natural selectin prves reductinist views f cnsciusness.
34. What is the best title f the passage?
A. A Debate ver the Nature f Cnsciusness.
B. Cnsciusness and Behavir: A Philsphical Perspective.
C. The Rle f Natural Selectin in Cnsciusness Develpment.
D. Beynd Reductinism: Explring the Evlutin f Cnsciusness.
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Cnsidering they are the wrld’s mst numerus areas f water, it is surprising that pnds are prly understd. There are millins — pssibly billins — f them. ____35____
This neglect might nt have mattered if it were nt fr increasing evidence that pnds are extremely imprtant habitats fr wildlife as they have rich, diverse and distinctive cmmunities with varied rare and endangered species. Acrss many landscapes, they are being shwn t supprt far greater variatin f species than rivers and streams. ____36____ It allws them t have a wider range f cnditins cmpared with rivers and streams where flwing water tends t hmgenise (同质化) water chemistry.
S why have we failed t ntice such a vital part f the natural wrld? A key reasn appears t be what freshwater scientist Jhn Dwning has called “a saliency errr”: the misjudgment where we humans naturally assume that if smething is small, it can’t be all that imprtant. ____37____ We dn’t realise that these waters have a deeply ancient rigin and have existed n Earth as lng as there has been land and water.
These misunderstandings within freshwater science have had a big impact n ur ability t prtect their wildlife. In Eurpe, fr example, the Water Framewrk Directive mstly excludes any bdies f water smaller than 50 hectares.
____38____ Last year, the Ramsar Cnventin, an internatinal agreement, intrduced a reslutin n small wetlands, including pnds, giving crucial recgnitin t them. And the Eurpean Unin-funded PONDERFUL prject is gathering data n Eurpe’s pnds. Hwever, there remains much t d. As the effects f climate change deepen, plants and animals will increasingly need t mve acrss the landscape t survive. ____39____ They are easy t make and they clnize rapidly, which can help freshwater species adapt ver shrt timescales.
A. Viewpints are changing, frtunately, t the benefit f pnds.
B. This bidiversity seems t be partly due t the small size f pnds.
C. A study shws they make up much f the glbal water envirnment.
D. Yet fr a century r s, scientists have paid them very little attentin.
E. We can create pnds in cnsiderable numbers as ne f the few habitats.
F. There is increasing evidence f the imprtance f pnds fr bidiversity.
G. Mst f us als devalued pnds because we regard them as artificial habitats.
第三部分 书面表达 (共两节，32分)
第一节 (共4小题; 第40、41题各2分, 第42题3分, 第43题5分, 共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
We all lve t criticize, but unfrtunately, we als hate being criticized. We freely pst and cmment n thers, but feel annyed at the way thers assess us, bth nline and in persn. The wrld seems unlikely t change anytime sn. Frtunately, thugh, each f us can change hw we give and take criticism, which will make us less likely t harm thers, mre resistant t being angry, and better able t benefit frm feedback — even when it is negative.
Criticism is defined as judgment f the merits (优点) and faults f smething r smene in written r spken frm. Technically, criticism can include praise, but that isn’t what cncerns us here. What annys us is criticism f the negative variety, even when well-intentined — s-called cnstructive criticism, which means t prvide guidance s we can imprve. Wrst f all is destructive criticism, which aims t cause hurt r damage.
The culture f criticism isn’t ging away. The nly way t flurish (繁荣) in it, and despite it, is t adpt new habits f getting and giving critical feedback. One rule is t assume that criticism, even when it seems persnal, is nt actually abut yu persnally. When we receive criticism, we make it persnal in tw ways. First, we may naturally analyze the critic rather than the criticism. Secnd, we tend t cnsider the criticism a judgment n ur natural abilities, rather than n ur perfrmance. Interestingly, even amng yung children, research shws that viewing criticism as a judgment n ne’s abilities can lead t lwer self-wrth, lwer psitive md, and less persistence at tasks.
If taking criticism is particularly hard fr yu, yu are nt alne. Hwever, taking criticism badly is mre embarrassing, ultimately, than the criticism itself. If we d the wrk t learn t accept negative feedback, we will be much better ff.
40. What will be the results f changing the way we give and take criticism?
____________________________________________________________________________________
41. What is the difference between cnstructive and destructive criticism?
____________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Children wh receive criticism have lwer self-wrth because they take criticism as a judgment n their perfrmance.
____________________________________________________________________________________
43. What benefit(s) wuld yu gain frm learning t accept negative feedback? (In abut 40 wrds)
____________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim在社交媒体上看到了含有流行语“Beijing, city r nt city, ah?”的短视频。这些短视频生动展现了北京的独特活力。Jim对此很感兴趣，发来邮件询问相关情况。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1. 介绍北京的活力；
2. 简要说明理由。
注意：1. 词数100 左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词: 有活力的 vibrant
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
2024.11
(考试时间90分钟 满分100分)
本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分 知识运用 (共两节，30分)
第一节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My 10-year-ld sn Egbert was a picky eater - he nly ate chicken nuggets and ygurt - and unwilling t try new things. Accrding t him, it’s because he has phbias, including heights and the dark. I was hping t find a way t ____1____ him withut using ld sayings like “If yu dn’t try it, yu’ll never knw if yu like it.” S befre ur skiing trip t Ls Angeles, I ___2___ a rule: we wuld say yes t everything, including new fds and experiences.
We said yes frm the beginning f ur trip. At the airprt café, Egbert began by trying new fds like vegetable meatballs. ___3___, he rated it as “nt bad”. The next day in the snwbarding schl, despite the fear f heights, Egbert challenged himself t learn hw t ride a chairlift. After skiing, we were bth cld and wet, and Egbert suggested the utdr ht tub (浴缸). Thugh it wuld be a cmpletely new experience fr us, I ___4___ it tgether with him and the experience prved t be a delight. I felt ___5___ f myself fr trying smething new.
On ur summer hlidays, we cntinued the ___6___ f saying yes. At the cmpetitin in Cdy, Wyming, neither f my sn and I ___7___ when we were invited nt the field t jin in the hrse racing. Thugh we came back withut prizes, we were bth laughing, sweaty and ___8___. I knw it’s a mment we’ll never frget.
Therein lies the ___9___ f saying yes n vacatin: it pushes us ut f ur cmfrt zne, thugh it’s nt always pssible t say yes t everything in ur daily life. Develping a sense f ____10____ helps us live life t the fullest - even if we smetimes wind up cld and wet.
1. A. warnB. awardC. rderD. encurage
2. A. brkeB. setC. changedD. remembered
3. A. StrangelyB. ClearlyC. UndubtedlyD. Surprisingly
4. A. bravedB. adjustedC. missedD. discussed
5. A. afraidB. prudC. nervusD. respectful
6. A. traditinB. lessnC. trendD. celebratin
7 A. caredB. agreedC. panickedD. hesitated
8. A. puzzledB. tuchedC. excitedD. disappinted
9 A. riskB. beautyC. cstD. duty
10. A. devtinB. identityC. adventureD. happiness
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
The Chinese delegatin (代表团) cncluded the 2024 Paris Olympics with a remarkable achievement f 40 gld medals. 404 athletes ____11____ participated in 232 events acrss 30 sprts wn a ttal f 91 medals. This represents a ____12____ (significance) breakthrugh — Chinese athletes have demnstrated huge ptential in sprts where we have been late starters, while hlding the leading psitin in events such as diving and table tennis. The Paris Olympics prvided a glbal platfrm fr China ____13____ (shw) its sprtsmanship, cnfidence and penness.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Recently, I attended a high schl reunin. As I walked int the rm, a rush f emtins vercame me. Faces that I hadn’t seen in years ____14____ (smile) back at me. Memries f carefree days in ur yuth flded back. We recalled the classes, the sprts events and the tricks. ____15____ that wnderful evening, we talked abut ur dreams we had at that time and ____16____ life had unflded since. We recnnected with ld friends, ____17____ (realize) that the bnds f high schl still held strng.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Nw hundreds f Baidu’s Apll G rbtaxis are perating n the streets f Wuhan, Hubei prvince. These vehicles, ____18____(equip) with Baidu’s latest technlgy t keep safe, have becme ppular. Peple are attracted by the cmpetitive price ffers and gd service. And new jb ____19____(pprtunity) will cme with the rising demand fr rbtaxis, such as cleaning and repairing. Hwever, rbtaxis have als raised peple’s cncerns. Thus, mre effrts____20____(require) t enhance self-driving testing and related technlgy.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，38分)
第一节 (共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Disinfrmatin, which is false infrmatin spread n purpse, has becme a cause f cncern recently. In respnse t this rising glbal threat, the United Natins Infrmatin Centre (UNIC) Canberra and its partners will be rganizing a tw-day cnference, DISINFO PACIFIC, n Nvember 11 and 12, 2024.
The cnference will fcus n strategies fr preventing and reducing disinfrmatin, as well as applying best practices t address this glbal challenge. It aims t prvide a frum (论坛) fr jurnalists, scial media experts, educatrs, researchers, plicy-makers and cmmunicatins prfessinals, frm within and utside the UN.
Currently, we are in search f scial media vlunteers t prvide nline assistance fr this cnference.
Requirements:
· Outstanding ral and written cmmunicatin skills
· Prfessinal graphic (绘图的) design experience
· Prir invlvement in designing dcument layuts
· In-depth familiarity with graphic design apps
· Wrking knwledge f the English language
Nte: A degree in graphic design r a related field is cnsidered a plus.
Respnsibilities:
· Develping a cmprehensive scial media release plan
· Assisting in chsing the right types f media and updating cnference infrmatin n a daily basis
· Wrking tgether with ur cmmunicatins team t create scial media activities accrding t agreed requirements
· Develping a series f scial media resurces nce the final cncept is agreed upn, with a particular fcus n a yuth (university level) student audience
Jin us nw as a scial media vlunteer and help build a future with less disinfrmatin. Yu will als have the pprtunity t build cnnectins with the UNIC Canberra and its partners and learn abut the ways in which scial media cmmunicatin can supprt the prmtin f a cnference centering n disinfrmatin.
Find ut mre at
21. Accrding t the passage, vlunteers shuld .
A. hld a degree in graphic design
B. be able t develp graphic design apps
C. have a great cmmunicative cmpetence
D. be as fluent in English as native speakers
22. If selected, vlunteers will .
A. release a UNIC wrk planB. help design scial media activities
C. evaluate the final cnceptD. prvide weekly media updates
23. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T prmte a cnference.B. T seek nline vlunteers.
C. T highlight a glbal threat.D. T intrduce an rganizatin.
B
I’m walking arund the huse with a severe limp (跛行) and actively secnd-guessing every decisin I’ ve ever made. That can nly mean ne thing: I just ran my ne race fr the year.
The 7-mile race is in my hmetwn in Illinis, and I’ ve been ding it almst every year since I was a 12-year-ld by. I reached my peak abut 15 years ag and have been perfrming prly ever since.
Why d I keep ging if I n lnger enjy it and am getting wrse every year? Traditin, mstly. Besides, I dn’t dislike the whle race, just the running part. I like seeing all the running club members I’ ve knwn since childhd, and I lve the free beer afterward. Running is just a minr blck n the way t the gd stuff.
That day, I was accmpanied t the race by a grup f three extremely in-shape peple. We all live in the same Indianaplis suburb. These guys bike and run cuntless miles, ften in the same day. One has dne dzens f Spartan Races, which require the player t crawl thrugh mud, flip tires and thrw spears. Anther is training fr a triathln (三项全能运动). In additin t being faster than me n ft, in the water and n wheels, he can als utlift me.
I didn’t hld much hpe fr the race— n ne puts less pressure n me than me. Between miles 4 and 5, I felt s gd that I wndered why I nly d this nce a year. Then I hit mile 6, and my bdy warned me. I pushed myself until I had a mile left, at which pint my legs decided they were dne. Determinatin and a can-d attitude are n match fr gravity and distance. Exhausted, I slwly made my way t the finishing line.
Still, I can hnestly say I gave everything I had. My slw, pldding (步履艰难的) finish was actually a victry that prves I gave it my all. I dn’t need a huge cup t hnr my heric perfrmance. My aching knee is enugh f a suvenir.
A day later, even as my entire bdy tells me I’m an idit, I can’t help but feel that the race was a success. I’ve decided t keep ding this race as lng as my legs can supprt me.
24. The authr ran the race because .
A he wanted t keep the ld custmB. he wanted t cmpete with friends
C. he intended t build up his bdyD. he enjyed lng-distance running
25. Why did the authr mentin the in-shape peple?
A. T give his reasn fr lw self-expectatin.
B. T shw his envy f their athletic abilities.
C. T emphasize his strng will t win the race.
D. T express his cnfidence in finishing the race.
26. What d we knw abut the authr during the race?
A. He struggled frm beginning t end.
B. He brke his leg at the finishing line.
C. He experienced pressure frm himself.
D. He pushed himself t the limits t make it.
27. Hw did the authr feel after the race?
A. Surprised.B. Satisfied.C. Regretful.D. Grateful.
C
A species can be termed temprarily “lst” after nt being sighted fr a decade, but researchers still hpe t find it again eventually. In 2023, that hpe led t the rediscvery f Attenbrugh’s echidna, unseen fr half a century. Inspired, Thmas Evans and his team have created a database f 856 lst and 424 rediscvered species.
The database keeps grwing faster than explrers can keep up with, despite increasingly advanced technlgies fr tracing unseen creatures reaching an expertise level. The study indicates many rediscvered species appear t fllw a rather similar trend: they are big, appealing mammals r birds tending t live near humans and in mre-develped cuntries. Thus, Evans says if an animal is up t snuff but cntinues t be ut f researchers’ sight after lng searches, it’s prbably gne frever. On the cntrary, animals that dn’t exhibit the pattern fr easy rediscvery are very much alive ut there. “Because they are generally difficult t cme acrss and are therefre met with less explratry attentin, in mst cases, small, unattractive species are mre likely t be seemingly extinct but still alive,” Evans says.
Evans hpes such details will help cnservatinists like Christina Biggs, wh has been drawing upn a list f 25 “mst wanted” species fr Texas-based charity Re: wild since 2017. “Currenuly, Re: wild is finalizing its 2024 search lists, using the study’s results. We have t make hard decisins n where t put ur mney, and Evans’s research helps t direct us,” says Biggs.
But is it always in a lst species’ best interest t be fund? After a rediscvery, it can take mnths t secure an area frm hunters r turists. “In publicizing smething yu’ve rediscvered, yu’re publicizing a fd surce fr hunters,” says bilgist James Kemptn. Biggs ntes, hwever, rediscveries ften strengthen prtectin effrts. When a species is rediscvered, prtected areas will be made pssible. Biggs adds that fr sme hard- t-find species, researchers culd use Evans’s study t decide if a creature is likely still alive — and then draw brad prtected areas arund its general regin, where ther endangered species als live, rather than send pssibly fruitless explrers t the area t prve the animal’s existence.
Beynd the scientific gains, searching fr lst species plays a crucial rle in understanding and prtecting ur wrld. Once, the Yngsu Sapari cmmunity used Attenbrugh’s echidnas as a peace tl t settle arguments. “If brthers fught, they had t find an Attenbrugh’s echidna, a slutin that is increasingly difficult,” Biggs says. “S, everything is cnnected. Every species behaves in an ecsystem and fulfills a purpse.”
28. What des the underlined phrase “is up t snuff” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Fits the prfile.B. Adapts well.
C. Breaks the habit.D. Grws mature.
29. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Technlgy has reduced the number f missing species.
B. Publicizing rediscvery secures the future f lst species.
C. Larger animals face a higher extinctin risk than smaller nes.
D. Animals neighbring humans receive mre attentin in searches.
30. What might Christina Biggs agree with?
A. The number f echidnas will increase after its rediscvery.
B. Explratry missins matter mre than habitat preservatin.
C. Extinct species cme with bth eclgical and cultural lsses.
D. Thmas Evans has instructed Re: wild t identify the 25 species.
D
Over the summer, the neurscientist Christ f Kch accepted defeat n his 25-year bet with the philspher David Chalmers, a lst wager that the science f cnsciusness wuld be all wrapped up by nw. Despite decades f research, there’s little sign f shared understanding n cnsciusness, with several cmpeting theries still being debated.
In my new bk entitled Why? , I take head-n the questin f why it’s s hard t make prgress n cnsciusness. The cre difficulty is that cnsciusness cannt be easily bserved. Yu can’t lk inside smene’s brain and see their feelings and experiences. Science des deal with things that can’t be bserved, such as fundamental particles (粒子), quantum wave functins (量子波函数), and maybe even ther universes. But cnsciusness pses an imprtant difference: in all f these ther cases, we therize abut things we can’t bserve in rder t explain what we can bserve. Uniquely with cnsciusness, the thing we are trying t explain cannt be publicly bserved.
Hw then can we investigate cnsciusness? I argue that we can accunt fr the evlutin f cnsciusness nly if we reject reductinism (简化论) abut it. Mst cnsciusness researchers emply a reductinist view f the universe, where physics is running the shw. Thus, insfar as there are sme future pssibilities left pen by the arrangements f particles in ur brains, they are settled by nthing mre than the randm chanciness implicit (含蓄) in quantum mechanics.
Sme challenges have emerged lately t this reductinist mdel. The neurscientist Kevin Mitchell argues that the free will f cnscius rganisms plays a rle in determining what will happen in the brain, ver and abve what is settled by the laws f physics. Evlutin ffers ne f the strngest challenges. Natural selectin nly cares abut behavir, as it’s nly behavir that matters fr survival. Rapid prgress in AI and rbtics has made it clear, hwever, that extremely cmplex behaviur can exist in a system that entirely lacks cnscius experience. Fr any adaptive behaviur assciated with cnsciusness, there culd be a nncnscius mechanism that inspires the same behaviur. Given this, it is a deep mystery why cnsciusness evlved at all. But suppse the emergence f bilgical cnsciusness brings int existence radically new frms f behavir, ver and abve what physics alne culd prduce. Perhaps rganisms that have cnscius awareness f the wrld arund them, and thereby freely respnd based n that awareness, behave very differently than mere mechanisms. Cnsequently, they survive much better. With these assumptins, we can make sense f natural selectin’s preference fr cnscius rganisms.
As a philspher, in Why? , I develp a radical frm — the view that cnsciusness ges right dwn t the fundamental building blcks f reality — aimed at addressing the philsphical challenges f cnsciusness, as well as prviding a framewrk fr scientists t make prgress n the scientific issues. It is a pincer mvement (钳形运动) f science and philsphy that will, ultimately, crack the mystery f cnsciusness.
31. What can we learn abut cnsciusness frm this passage?
A. Cnsciusness evlves frm behavir.
B. Scientists therize cnsciusness t bserve it.
C. Cnsciusness lacks bservable phenmena t study.
D. Quantum wave functins help explain cnsciusness.
32. As fr Kevin Mitchell’s argument, the authr is .
A. supprtive.B. disapprving.C. neutral.D. uncertain.
33. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Physicists’ researches reject reductinism.
B. Brain wrks independently f the physics principles.
C. The nature f cnsciusness requires further investigatin.
D. Natural selectin prves reductinist views f cnsciusness.
34. What is the best title f the passage?
A. A Debate ver the Nature f Cnsciusness.
B. Cnsciusness and Behavir: A Philsphical Perspective.
C. The Rle f Natural Selectin in Cnsciusness Develpment.
D. Beynd Reductinism: Explring the Evlutin f Cnsciusness.
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Cnsidering they are the wrld’s mst numerus areas f water, it is surprising that pnds are prly understd. There are millins — pssibly billins — f them. ____35____
This neglect might nt have mattered if it were nt fr increasing evidence that pnds are extremely imprtant habitats fr wildlife as they have rich, diverse and distinctive cmmunities with varied rare and endangered species. Acrss many landscapes, they are being shwn t supprt far greater variatin f species than rivers and streams. ____36____ It allws them t have a wider range f cnditins cmpared with rivers and streams where flwing water tends t hmgenise (同质化) water chemistry.
S why have we failed t ntice such a vital part f the natural wrld? A key reasn appears t be what freshwater scientist Jhn Dwning has called “a saliency errr”: the misjudgment where we humans naturally assume that if smething is small, it can’t be all that imprtant. ____37____ We dn’t realise that these waters have a deeply ancient rigin and have existed n Earth as lng as there has been land and water.
These misunderstandings within freshwater science have had a big impact n ur ability t prtect their wildlife. In Eurpe, fr example, the Water Framewrk Directive mstly excludes any bdies f water smaller than 50 hectares.
____38____ Last year, the Ramsar Cnventin, an internatinal agreement, intrduced a reslutin n small wetlands, including pnds, giving crucial recgnitin t them. And the Eurpean Unin-funded PONDERFUL prject is gathering data n Eurpe’s pnds. Hwever, there remains much t d. As the effects f climate change deepen, plants and animals will increasingly need t mve acrss the landscape t survive. ____39____ They are easy t make and they clnize rapidly, which can help freshwater species adapt ver shrt timescales.
A. Viewpints are changing, frtunately, t the benefit f pnds.
B. This bidiversity seems t be partly due t the small size f pnds.
C. A study shws they make up much f the glbal water envirnment.
D. Yet fr a century r s, scientists have paid them very little attentin.
E. We can create pnds in cnsiderable numbers as ne f the few habitats.
F. There is increasing evidence f the imprtance f pnds fr bidiversity.
G. Mst f us als devalued pnds because we regard them as artificial habitats.
第三部分 书面表达 (共两节，32分)
第一节 (共4小题; 第40、41题各2分, 第42题3分, 第43题5分, 共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
We all lve t criticize, but unfrtunately, we als hate being criticized. We freely pst and cmment n thers, but feel annyed at the way thers assess us, bth nline and in persn. The wrld seems unlikely t change anytime sn. Frtunately, thugh, each f us can change hw we give and take criticism, which will make us less likely t harm thers, mre resistant t being angry, and better able t benefit frm feedback — even when it is negative.
Criticism is defined as judgment f the merits (优点) and faults f smething r smene in written r spken frm. Technically, criticism can include praise, but that isn’t what cncerns us here. What annys us is criticism f the negative variety, even when well-intentined — s-called cnstructive criticism, which means t prvide guidance s we can imprve. Wrst f all is destructive criticism, which aims t cause hurt r damage.
The culture f criticism isn’t ging away. The nly way t flurish (繁荣) in it, and despite it, is t adpt new habits f getting and giving critical feedback. One rule is t assume that criticism, even when it seems persnal, is nt actually abut yu persnally. When we receive criticism, we make it persnal in tw ways. First, we may naturally analyze the critic rather than the criticism. Secnd, we tend t cnsider the criticism a judgment n ur natural abilities, rather than n ur perfrmance. Interestingly, even amng yung children, research shws that viewing criticism as a judgment n ne’s abilities can lead t lwer self-wrth, lwer psitive md, and less persistence at tasks.
If taking criticism is particularly hard fr yu, yu are nt alne. Hwever, taking criticism badly is mre embarrassing, ultimately, than the criticism itself. If we d the wrk t learn t accept negative feedback, we will be much better ff.
40. What will be the results f changing the way we give and take criticism?
____________________________________________________________________________________
41. What is the difference between cnstructive and destructive criticism?
____________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Children wh receive criticism have lwer self-wrth because they take criticism as a judgment n their perfrmance.
____________________________________________________________________________________
43. What benefit(s) wuld yu gain frm learning t accept negative feedback? (In abut 40 wrds)
____________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim在社交媒体上看到了含有流行语“Beijing, city r nt city, ah?”的短视频。这些短视频生动展现了北京的独特活力。Jim对此很感兴趣，发来邮件询问相关情况。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1. 介绍北京的活力；
2. 简要说明理由。
注意：1. 词数100 左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词: 有活力的 vibrant
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
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