2025年中考英语一轮复习语法讲义第05讲 被动语态（2份，原卷版+解析版）

这是一份2025年中考英语一轮复习语法讲义第05讲 被动语态（2份，原卷版+解析版），文件包含2025年中考英语一轮复习语法讲义第05讲被动语态原卷版docx、2025年中考英语一轮复习语法讲义第05讲被动语态解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共37页， 欢迎下载使用。

【复习目标】
1. 被动语态的句型；
2. 被动语态的各种时态形式；
3. 被动语态的用法；
4. 主动语态变被动语态；
5. 主动形式表示被动意义。
【考情分析】
语态问题是中考高频考点，考生在备考时应注意熟练掌握各种时态下的被动语态所表示的意义、其结构和相关的时间状语。解答此类题时，可根据具体语境、时间标志词、从句和主句的时态搭配、固定句型等判断出正确答案。常以单项选择、语法选择、语法填空、词语运用等考查。
近几年考查时态的题型命题规律
动词的时态和语态是中考出现频率较高的语法项目之一。考题多以具体的语境为主，体现了对语法知识、语境理解、语言交际能力的综合考查。
【网络构建】
考向一 被动语态的句型
考向二 被动语态的各种时态形式
考向三 被动语态的用法
考向四 主动语态变被动语态
考向五 主动形式表示被动意义

一、单项选择
1．（2023·江西南昌·模拟预测）—Have yu seen Full River Red?
—Yes. We ________ t watch it in Chinese class last mnth.
A．suggestedB．are suggestedC．were suggestedD．suggest
2．（2023·四川成都·校联考模拟预测）A large number f athletes ________ t cme t Chengdu fr the 31st Summer Wrld University Games in July.
A．is expectedB．are expectedC．expect
3．（2023·福建厦门·统考模拟预测）—Please tell us ne thing yu are prud f in yur junir high schl.
—I ________ as the president f the Student Unin.
A．will be chsenB．was chsenC．has chsen
4．（2023·福建三明·统考模拟预测）—Linda, shall we g t fly kites in the Central Park?
—Sure, I will g with yu as sn as my hmewrk ________.
A．is finishedB．will be finishedC．finishes
5．（2023·四川自贡·校考一模）Harbin Internatinal Ice and Snw Festival started in 1985. It ________ nce a year.
A．heldB．was heldC．is held
6．（2023·重庆沙坪坝·模拟预测）—Yu lk s happy tday!
—My suggestin t have a party ________ by my class yesterday.
A．acceptsB．is acceptedC．acceptedD．was accepted
7．（2023·湖北武汉·统考模拟预测）—Shawn is _______ t be ne f the finest dctrs f his generatin（同代人）.
—He was brn t study medicine and has saved many peple’s lives.
A．wishedB．cnsideredC．taughtD．chsen
8．（2023·湖北武汉·统考模拟预测）—Are yu ging t Tm’s birthday party this Sunday?
—Unless I ________.
A．am invitingB．will be invitedC．am invitedD．will be inviting
9．（2023·重庆沙坪坝·二模）T much time ________ n cmputer games by mst teenagers every day. Their parents are wrried abut their health and study.
A．is wastingB．is wastedC．was wastedD．wasted
10．（2023·河北衡水·统考二模）Every day, t much water . I think everyne shuld take actin t save it.
A．wastesB．is wastedC．wastedD．was wasted
11．（2023·湖南株洲·统考一模）These bks ________ in Russian. I can’t read them.
A．will be writtenB．is writtenC．are written
12．（2023·辽宁盘锦·三模）The Ministry f Educatin（教育部）annunces that mbile phnes ________ t take int schl in China nw because they are bad fr the students.
A．haven’t allwed B．are allwedC．aren’t allwedD．allw
13．（2023·湖北十堰·统考三模）—When shall we g and play basketball?
—Nt until the wrk ________ tmrrw.
A．is finishedB．have finishedC．will be finishedD．will finish
14．（2023·河北唐山·统考二模）A lt f flwers ________ in the park last year.
A．plantB．are plantedC．plantedD．were planted
15．（2023·河北秦皇岛·统考三模）Nwadays, mre and mre actins _________ t reduce the waste f fd.
A．are takenB．have takenC．takeD．are taking
二、语法填空
（2023·陕西西安·模拟预测）
Accrding t a survey, Chinese cllege students want t d vlunteer wrk and wuld like t help thse in need. If they 16 whether they are willing t help elderly peple wh fall ver in the street, mst f their answers will be “yes”.
The questin f what is the right thing t d when an ld persn 17 ver in the street has been discussed fr a lng time. Once, a man called Peng Yu helped an ld wman wh fell ver in Nanjing, Jiangsu prvince. The wman later said that she was kncked dwn by Peng and asked Peng 18 frty percent f her medical csts after Peng sent her t the hspital. At that time, many peple 19 this event wuld have a bad influence. Hwever, a reprt fund that 91.6 percent f students wh were surveyed still said that they wuld help an elderly persn when he r she needed help.
Mst f the cllege students wuld like t take part in the vlunteer wrk. They think helping 20 is what they shuld d. But learning t be mre prfessinal in helping peple is als very imprtant. It’s suggested that mre prfessinal training 21 be ffered. This way, mre peple can take part in vlunteer wrk 22 than usual.
There 23 different kinds f vlunteer wrk including envirnmental prtectin, cmmunity services, teaching in faraway villages, visiting the ld at ld peple’s hmes and s n. And 83.1 percent f cllege students actually d vlunteer wrk every year.
Vlunteer wrk nt nly plays an imprtant rle in develping yung peple’s skills, but als gives them a feeling f 24 . What’s mre, vlunteer wrk is f great value fr the yung as well as the wider sciety. S mre peple shuld be encuraged t take part in vlunteer wrk 25 can make a better wrld. Well, what will yu d t make a difference t the wrld?
16．A．askB．are askedC．askedD．were asked
17．A．fallB．fellC．fallsD．fallen
18．A．payB．t payC．payingD．paid
19．A．wrryB．wrriedC．wrry abutD．wrried abut
20．A．therB．the therC．antherD．thers
21．A．shuldB．needC．mightD．may
22．A．activeB．mre activeC．activelyD．mre actively
23．A．isB．areC．wasD．were
24．A．satisfyB．satisfyingC．satisfactinD．satisfied
25．A．whB．whseC．whmD．which
三、用所给单词适当形式填空
26．（2023·江苏淮安·校考一模）The champin (present) with a gld at tmrrw’s meeting.
27．（2023·湖南永州·统考二模）In rder t make Yngzhu City mre beautiful, trees and flwers shuld （plant）every year.
28．（2023·内蒙古包头·包钢第三中学校考三模）Mr. White said his children were nt t use mbile phnes befre the age f 13. (allw)
29．（2023·江苏无锡·校考二模）—Are the plice ging t tell the details f the case t the public?
—Nt until the thief (catch).
30．（2023·江苏南京·统考二模）There were few trees befre, and we (hit) by sandstrms seriusly in spring.
31．（2023·湖南永州·统考二模）The telephne (invent) by the famus inventr, Bell.
32．（2023·江苏无锡·三模）The little baby that felt sleepy (lay) n the bed after her mmmy came back hme.
33．（2023·江苏无锡·统考二模）Thusands f peple (leave) hmeless in the earthquake which happened in Turkey in February, 2023.
34．（2023·江苏扬州·统考二模）T learn English well, students shuld be t speak as much as pssible. (encurage)
35．（2023·湖南永州·统考二模）English (speak) all ver the wrld and we’d try t learn it well.
36．（2023·江苏南京·统考一模）Fr the first time, this year’s Oscar fr Best Actress (present) t Michelle Yeh, an Asian wman.
37．（2023·江苏淮安·统考一模）My washing machine (cntrl) by my smartphne when I’m nt at hme.
38．（2023·江苏无锡·统考一模）Bth water and fd (give) t the athletes wh tk part in Wuxi Marathn last mnth.
39．（2023·江苏无锡·统考一模）In HK Disneyland, visitrs (allw) t get clser t cartn characters.
40．（2023·江苏无锡·统考一模）Luckily, many traditinal art frms like Wuxi Opera (pass) n and stay alive.
1．（2023·河北·统考中考真题）Breakfast ________ every day fr peple aged ver 60 fr free in this village.
A．prvidesB．prvidedC．is prvidedD．was prvided
2．（2023·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题）The panda Ya Ya ________ back t China n April 27th, 2023.
A．is brughtB．was brughtC．will be brught
3．（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）—Can he get the first prize in the race?
—He ________ s, but he has just hurt his leg. It’s impssible nw.
A．will expect t dB．is expected ding
C．has expected dingD．was expected t d
4．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）Sand turns t glass when it ________ by lightning.
A．hitsB．is hitC．is hittingD．will be hit
5．（2023·湖南怀化·统考中考真题）The cake ______ by the hungry students quickly yesterday.
A．eatsB．is eatenC．was eaten
6．（2023·天津·统考中考真题）Sme phts f the mn ________ in the Space Club next week.
A．shwsB．is shwingC．were shwnD．will be shwn
7．（2023·江西·统考中考真题）Hu Yi ________ magic medicine fr shting dwn the nine suns, then Pang Meng tried t steal it.
A．givesB．has givenC．gaveD．was given
8．（2023·安徽·统考中考真题）Cmputers have had a great influence n learning methds since they ________ int schls.
A．intrduceB．intrducedC．are intrducedD．were intrduced
9．（2023·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）T make the envirnment much better, mre trees ________ next year.
A．plantB．will plantC．are plantedD．will be planted
10．（2023·四川泸州·统考中考真题）The 18th China Internatinal Alchlic Drinks Exp (CIADE) ________ in Luzhu frm April 13th t April 16th, 2023.
A．was heldB．is heldC．will be heldD．has been held
11．（2023·四川达州·统考中考真题）—Wuld yu mind telling me if he ________ the meeting in tw days?
—He wn’t, unless he ________.
A．will attend, is invitedB．attends, will be invitedC．will attend, invites
12．（2023·四川凉山·统考中考真题）—We’re s prud that China is getting strnger and strnger.
—Yes. As yu can see, Chinese ________ by mre and mre freigners.
A．learnsB．is learnedC．was learned
13．（2023·四川成都·统考中考真题）A great number f beautiful flwers ________ n the secnd ring rad in Chengdu these days.
A．plantB．are plantedC．are planting
14．（2023·新疆·中考真题）The Wandering Earth II ___________ with the public since it came ut.
A．has been successfulB．is successful
C．was successfulD．will be successful
15．（2023·新疆·中考真题）—Hanfu lvers ________ walking dwn the street in many cities.
—Well, wearing hanfu helps t understand the Chinese culture.
A．can be fundB．can find
C．must be fundD．must find
16．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）The Mnkey King is a traditinal Chinese character. It ________ by peple f all ages.
A．is lvedB．was lvedC．will lveD．is lving
17．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）We ________ friends since I came t this schl.
A．areB．wereC．will beD．have been
18．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）Tea is very ppular in the wrld. It ________ in many different areas in China nw.
A．prducesB．prducedC．is prducedD．was prduced
句型
构成
例句
肯定句
主语 + be + 过去分词( + by... )
English is spken everywhere. 到处有人说英语。
否定句
主语 + be + nt + 过去分词( + by…)
English isn’ t spken by peple here. 这里的人不说英语。
一般疑问句
Be + 主语 + 过去分词(+ by...)?
—Was Tm asked t cme early? 汤姆被要求早点来吗?
—Yes, he was. 是的，他被要求了。/N, he wasn’ t. 不，他没有。
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + 过去分词(+by...)?
Why was this bridge destryed by the gvernment? 政府为什么要拆毁这座桥?
时态
结构
例句
一般现在时
主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 + 其他
Histry is made by the peple. 历史是人们创造的。
These bks are designed fr children. 这些书是为孩子们设计的。
一般过去时
主语 + was/were + 过去分词 + 其他
The letter was written in English. 这封信是用英语写的。
The cars were made in Shanghai. 这些车是上海生产的。
一般将来时
主语 + will be + 过去分词 + 其他
Yur jb will be kept pen fr yur return. 你的工作将保留到你回来。
When will the wrk be finished? 这项工作什么时候完成？
现在进行时
主语+ am/is/am + being + 过去分词 +其他
A new railway is being built. 一条新铁路正在修建。
Because my car is being repaired, I have t g t wrk by taxi. 因为我的车正在修理，所以我不得不坐出租车去上班。
过去进行时
主语+ was/were + being + 过去分词+ 其他
The hall was being built last year. I’ m nt sure if it is cmpleted. 这个个大厅去年正在修建，我不清楚建好了没有。
The rad was being widened when I passed by the village. 当我经过那个村庄时，道路正在加宽。
现在完成时
主语 +have/has been + 过去分词 + 其他
He has been sent t wrk in Shanghai. 他已经被派往上海工作了。
Has the sprts meeting been put ff until next Friday? 运动会已经推迟到下周五了吗？
过去完成时
主语 + had been + 过去分词 + 其他
The rm had been brken int befre we came. 我们来之前已经有人强行进过这间屋子。
A new htel had been built when I gt there. 我到那儿时，一座新旅馆已经建好了。
情态动词
主语 + 情态动词 + be + 过去分词 + 其他
Her temperature shuld be taken twice a day. 她的体温应该一天量两次。
If heated, water can be turned int vapur. 如果受热，水会变成蒸气。
用法
例句
不知道或者不必说出动作的执行者
Hw is this wrd prnunced? 这个单词怎么发音？
The bk was published in 2005. 这本书是2005年出版的。
强调动作的承受者
Schl will be pened in ur village. 我们村将开办一所新的希望学校。
当动作的执行者是泛指时
He is suspected f rbbing the bank. 有人怀疑他抢劫银行。
表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作的执行者
I have been tld many times nt t make nises. 有人多次告诉我不要吵闹。
句法修饰的需要
The lecture will be made by Je, wh is a yung musician frm Italy. 乔要做这个报告，他是意大利的一位年轻的音乐家。
有些动词习惯上常用被动语态
He was brn in this city. 他出生在这个城市。
It is reprted that he is a prfessr frm New Zealand. 据报道，他是来自新西兰的一位教授。
说明
例句
含有单个宾语的主动句，即＂主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语＂：把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，并依据上表（被动语态的各种时态形式）谓语改为被动形式；如果需要说明动作的发出者，则需加上＂by + 主动句的主语（人称代词宾格）＂。
The famus prfessr gave tw lectures in English.
→Tw lectures were given (by the famus prfessr) in English.
那位著名的教授用英语作了两次报告。
They ften ask sme questins after class.
→Sme questins are ften asked (by them) after class.
他们经常在课后问一些问题。
含有双宾语的主动句，即＂主语 + 间接宾语+ 直接宾语＂：当直接宾语是名词或代词时，可将间接宾语和直接宾语中的任意一个变为被动的主语，而另一个保持不动。但是，当直接宾语变为主语时，间接宾语前应加上介词t或r。
The dctr gave me sme gd advice n the prnunciatin.
→I was given sme gd advice n the prnunciatin.
→Sme gd advice was given t me n the prnunciatin.
老师给我提了一些关于发音方面的好建议。
含有复合宾语的主动句，即＂主语 + 宾语 +宾语补足语＂：把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，宾补保持不动(成为主语补足语，简称主补)。
We call him Li Hua.
→He is called Li Hua. 我们叫他李华。
They painted the rm white.
→The rm was painted white. 他们把房间刷成了白色。
【易错警示】
感官动词和使役动词后接动词原形作宾补，变为被动语态时，需要在动词原形前加上省略的不定式符号t，即＂be seen/heard/fund/bserved/nticed/made t d sth＂。
They saw her enter the meeting rm just nw.
→She was seen t enter the meeting rm just nw. 刚才他们看见她进入了会议室。
含有动词短语（作谓语）的主动句：谓语为及物动词短语的主动句方可变为被动语态。
They take gd care f these children.
→These children are taken gd care f.
他们把这些孩子照顾得非常好。
We shuld make full use f the gd chance.
→The gd chance shuld be made full use f.
我们应该充分利用这次好机会。
【易错警示】
动词短语用于被动语态时，把它们看作一个整体变成被动结构，其后的介词和副词不可丢掉。
情况
例句
说明主语的性质、特征的动词，用主动形式表达被动意义，如：lck，pen，read，sell，teach，wash，write等。
The clth washes well. 这种布料很容易洗.
A freshly baked cake desn’ t cut easily. 刚烤好的蛋糕不容易切。
表示感官的连系动词，用主动形式表达被动意义，如：smell，feel，taste，sund等。
This piece f music sunds gd. 这段音乐听起来不错。
Mncakes taste delicius. 月饼尝起来很美味。
某些动词后用动名词的主动形式表达被动意义，如：need，want，require，wrth等。
The bike needs repairing. 这辆自行车需要修理。
Yur hair wants cutting. 你的头发该理了。
【知识拓展】
常见的被动形式表示主动意义的词组：
be seated 坐着，就座 be hidden 躲藏 be lst 迷路
be drunk 喝醉 be dressed 穿着