2025高考英语 一轮话题复习 话题32　自然环境保护（课件+练习）

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It is nw China that hlds the crwn f high－speed train capital f the wrld.Here are sme f ur picks fr the greatest high－speed rail jurneys.The Shangri－La TrainCurrently the lngest high－speed rail rute in the wrld and taking less than 11 hurs t travel mre than 2，700 km n the quickest service，the Beijing t Kunming train is a truly epic high－speed train jurney.The train is named in hnr f ne f Yunnan’s mst famus cities，mythical Shangri－La.
The Panda TrainTaking between 12 and 13 hurs t travel 1，690 km，this train zips alng frm an ancient Chinese capital t the panda capital f the wrld.In rute，the train passes thrugh Yichang.It’s here that yu can stp ff fr a glimpse f the massive Three Grges Dam.The Silk Rad TrainThe first high－speed train t extend ut int China’s vast western regins cnnects the 1，776 kilmeters between Urumqi，capital f Xinjiang，and Lanzhu，capital f Gansu，in a little under 12 hurs.The train fllws the ancient Silk Rad via the twn f Turpan，gegraphically the lwest place in China at 154 m belw sea level.
The Island TrainWhen it pened in 2015，this was the wrld’s first circular high-speed rail-way line，whirling 650 km arund suth China’s trpical Hainan island，in abut five hurs，prviding passengers with wnderful views f the Suth China Sea and the best beaches.【语篇解读】　本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了中国的四条知名的高铁旅行路线。
1.What d we knw abut The Shangri-La Train?
A.It’s named after a city f has the rughest rute f the runs at a speed f 245 km/h all the travels alng the lngest railway in the wrld nw.解析 细节理解题。根据The Shangri－La Train部分中的“The train is named in hnr f ne f Yunnan’s mst famus cities，mythical Shangri－La.”可知，The Shangri－La Train是以云南最著名的城市之一香格里拉命名的。由此可知，The Shangri－La Train是以云南的一个城市命名的。
2.All the trains listed belw run inland except .
A.The Shangri－La TrainB.The Panda TrainC.The Silk Rad TrainD.The Island Train解析 细节理解题。根据The Island Train部分可知，The Island Train是环海南岛的一条高铁线路，由此可知，The Island Train不是内陆列车。
3.Wh may be interested in the text mst?
A.An agent. B.A traveller.C.A driver. D.A designer.解析 读者对象题。根据第一段可知，本文主要介绍了中国的四条知名的高铁旅行路线，由此可推断，文章与旅行相关，旅行者可能对此篇文章最感兴趣。
A tp mtr shw pened n Tuesday with exhibitrs displaying their latest innvatins in electric cars in Munich，where Angela Merkel said the industry shuld be part f the slutin t climate change.At the pening ceremny f the 2021 Internatinal Mtr Shw Germany，Merkel talked abut hw the German aut industry was unwilling t g int the develpment f electric cars several years ag，and nly regarded them as cncept cars.She then talked abut the huge prgress tward electric cars in the last few years.“I am pleased that it is nw unmistakable that the trend is tward electric cars，” said Merkel.She cautined against fcusing nly n battery－pwered cars，saying carmakers shuld als explre ther available energy such as hydrgen.“The mtr industry is nt just part f the climate prblem，but abve everything else，a central part f the slutin.”
Accrding t the Digital Aut Reprt 2021，climate change has made a big difference t mbility wrldwide.It fund the majrity f peple are willing t change their persnal mbility behaviur in rder t reduce carbn dixide emissins(排放物)，with 70 percent f respndents in Germany，97 percent in China and 52 percent in the United States in favur f reducing their carbn ftprint.Switching t an electric vehicle is the preferred measure fr achieving this gal in China and in the US，while Germans wuld like t d mre walking r cycling.Hwever，in light f the widespread virus，many peple dn’t travel by bus r subway as usual.This prvides great pprtunities fr the develpment f the mtr industry.
Thugh industrial leaders are advertising their idea fr electric cars and their sustainability，envirnmentalists are nt happy with that.Lcal plice had expected there wuld be 60，000 peple n Saturday t prtest against the shw.On the pening day，activists were seen hlding banners(横幅)and hanging them frm bridges abve mtrways，with wrds“Stp driving climate change”.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章围绕德国国际车展展开，以此来分析汽车行业的发展趋势、发展原因以及环保人士对此的看法。
4.What des Merkel expect the German mtr industry t d?
A.Explre alternative energy aware f the functin f cncept n battery－pwered cautius abut develping electric cars.解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She cautined against fcusing nly ther available energy such as hydrgen”可知，默克尔希望汽车行业不要只关注由电池驱动的汽车，也应该探索其他像氢气这样的可替代能源。
5.What des “This” underlined in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A.The Chinese turning t electric big mbility change in Germans’ preference fr lw demand fr public transprt.解析 代词指代题。根据第三段中的“Hwever，in light f the widespread virus，many peple dn’t travel by bus r subway as usual”可知，由于病毒，许多人都不像往常那样乘坐公共汽车或者地铁出行了，也就是说人们对公共交通的需求少了，这为汽车行业的发展提供了机遇。
6.What is the envirnmentalists’ attitude tward the develpment f electric cars?
A.Dubtful. D.Psitive.解析 观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“envirnmentalists are nt happy with that”和“activists were seen hlding banners(横幅)...‘Stp driving climate change’”可知，环保主义者对电动汽车行业的发展持不赞成的态度。
7.Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A.Climate Change Leads t Dwnward MbilityB.German Mtr Shw Fcuses n Clean FutureC.Climate Change Restructures the Mtr IndustryD.German Mtr Shw Displays the Newest Mdels解析 标题归纳题。文章首段介绍了在德国国际车展上，参展商展示了他们在电动汽车方面的最新发明。第二段引用默克尔在车展上的讲话，揭示了电动汽车的发展趋势，紧接着第三段作者分析了电动汽车发展的原因，最后一段介绍了环保人士对此的看法。
Cmpared with the bvius envirnmental issues we hear abut every day，littering ften takes a backseat—but it’s mre pressing than we may think.Sme may say that a banana peel ut f yur car alng the mtrway wuld be a harmless actin.Actually，they are wrng.A banana peel can take up t tw years t decmpse (分解)，and with a third f mtrists admitting t littering while driving，that’s a whle lt f discarded banana peels，r much wrse.An range peel and a cigarette butt has a similar bidegrading (生物降解) term t that f a banana，but tin and aluminium cans last up t 100 years，and plastic bttles last frever，s d glass bttles and plastic bags.
Despite the fact that lnger－lasting materials will serve t damage the envirnment and its animals fr lnger，we can’t nly measure the severity f a certain type f rubbish by its lifetime.Fr example，despite having a fairly shrt bidegrading span，mre than 120 tns f cigarette－related litter is thrwn away in the UK every day.Similarly，ur regular littering here and there has caused the UK’s muse ppulatin t increase by 60 millin.This suddenly isn’t s mysterius when yu cnsider that since the 1960s ur annual littering has increased by an amazing 500 per cent.
It’s nt a cheap habit either：UK taxpayers spent ￡500 millin n keeping the streets clean.S，it’s nt surprising that if caught fly－tipping，yu culd face a ￡20，000 fine.Regardless f hw severe the punishment might seem，hwever，amng the reprted cases nly 2，000 were punished ut f 825，000，s we still have sme way t g in making sure peple bserve the rules.T take back ur beautiful cities，we need t d mre than simply nt leaving rubbish where it ught nt t be.We need t care mre abut the wrld arund us.【语篇解读】　本文是议论文。文章主要讨论了与日常谈论的环保问题相比，乱扔垃圾往往被置于次要地位——但它比我们想象的更紧迫。
8.Which f the fllwing is easiest t decmpse cmparatively?
A.An range peel. B.A plastic aluminium can. D.A glass bttle.解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中“An range peel and a cigarette butt d glass bttles and plastic bags.”可知，橘子皮相比较其他三种东西更容易分解。
9.What can we knw frm Para.3?
A.Annual littering has increased a little in UK since the －lasting materials will be less harmful t the －related litter is a severe envirnmental prblem in littering has caused the UK’s muse ppulatin t reach 60 millin.解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Despite the fact that lnger－lasting materials will thrwn away in the UK every day.”可知，在英国，与香烟有关的垃圾是一个严重的环境问题。A、B、D项均与原文不符。
10.Which f the fllwing can best describe UK’s punishment n littering accrding t Para.4?
A.Every little helps.B.A drp in the pains，n gains.D.Mre haste，less speed.解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Regardless f hw severe the punishment might making sure peple bserve the rules.”可知，关于在垃圾上的处罚是远远不够的。结合选项意思可知，B项符合题意。A项意为“积少成多”；B项意为“杯水车薪”；D项意为“欲速则不达”。
11.What is the best title f the passage?
A.Rubbish cllectin—an urgent taskB.Envirnment issue—a big cncernC.Littering—a surprisingly big issueD.Lng－lasting material—a hidden danger解析 标题归纳题。根据文章第一段以及最后一段可知，文章主要讲的是乱扔垃圾是一个惊人的大问题。
(2024·威海二模)A future where insects make up a large part f the wrld’s diet is n the hrizn.Despite the unpleasant nature f such cuisine, insects have been cnsidered a delicacy in sme parts f wrld fr centuries.Their being lw－fat and high－prtein makes them a perfect chice fr reducing hunger. 1 Animal prtein frm livestck (家畜), such as cws, chickens and pigs, takes up 80 percent f the entire wrld’s farmland, despite nly making up less than ne－fifth f calries cnsumed glbally. 2 Thus it wuld supprt a variety f bidiversity as nature intended.
Insects such as grasshppers, mealwrms and crickets are packed full f prtein with much higher vitamin levels than prk r beef. 3 Greenhuse gas emissins thrugh this prcess are als very little, with insect waste making excellent fertilizer (肥料) fr agricultural sil.It seems that insects are an ideal slutin t many issues the wrld tday is faced with. 4 Urban areas f Asia, Eurpe and Nrth America are mst likely t assciate insects with dirt instead f as a tasty meal.Times are changing.The Eurpean Unin last year declared that mealwrms were safe fr human cnsumptin.Cricket prtein pwder is als increasing greatly in ppularity, with Canada rapidly becming the largest market fr the prduct.
5 As we explre ur slar system, efficient means f prducing animal based－prteins will becme vital.Nne are mre efficient space－wise than insects.And the clnies f the future culd well find themselves enjying fried crickets with a pint f beer while watching the Martian sunset.
A.They als have a hst f envirnmental reprduce quickly and have high grwth agriculture, insects prduce far fewer greenhuse require little space, water and technlgy t raise cmpared t , making them a delicius cuisine can be a challenge in several freeing up livestck space, huge expanses f land culd be returned t nature.G.A future where insects will becme invaluable t space explratin is als upcming.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了用昆虫制作美味佳肴的好处。昆虫的低脂肪和高蛋白使它们成为减少饥饿的完美选择，而且用昆虫制作美味佳肴还能带来许多环境效益。1.A [上文“尽管这种菜肴的性质令人不快，但几个世纪以来，昆虫一直被视为世界上某些地区的美味佳肴。它们的低脂肪和高蛋白使它们成为减少饥饿的完美选择。”指出昆虫成为美味佳肴的原因，下文也介绍了昆虫的环境效益，A 项“它们还有许多环境效益。”承上启下，继续描述昆虫成为美味佳肴的原因。]
2.F [上文“来自牲畜，如牛、鸡和猪的动物蛋白，占据了全世界 80%的农田，尽管只占全球消耗卡路里的不到五分之一。”指出牲畜占据了全世界 80%的农田，F 项“通过释放牲畜的空间，大片的土地可以回归自然。”承接上文，指出释放这些空间会有好处。]3.D [上文“蝗虫、粉虱和蟋蟀等昆虫富含蛋白质，维生素含量比猪肉或牛肉高得多。”指出饲养昆虫的好处，下文“通过这一过程的温室气体排放量也很少，昆虫废弃物可以作为农业土壤的优质肥料。”也是在讲饲养昆虫的好处。由此可知，空处也应围绕饲养昆虫的好处来写，D 项“与家畜相比，它们需要很少的空间、水和技术来饲养。”承上启下，符合语境。]
4.E [上文“昆虫似乎是当今世界面临的许多问题的理想解决方案。”指出用昆虫制作美味佳肴能解决许多问题，下文“在亚洲、欧洲和北美的城市地区，人们更倾向于将昆虫与泥土联系在一起，而不是将其作为美味的一餐。”指出有些地区不用昆虫来做美味佳肴。由此可知，E 项“然而，在不同的文化中，把它们做成美味的菜肴可能是一个挑战。”和上文是转折关系，且下文具体说明了 E 项内容。]5.G [下文“随着我们探索太阳系，生产动物蛋白质的有效方法将变得至关重要。在空间利用方面，没有什么比昆虫更有效率。”指出昆虫将在太空探索方面发挥的作用。由此可知，G 项“昆虫将成为太空探索无价之宝的未来也即将到来。”引起下文，符合语境。]