2025届高考英语一轮复习（北师大版）选择性必修第四册：UNIT 12　INNOVATION（课件PPT+学案）

这是一份2025届高考英语一轮复习（北师大版）选择性必修第四册：UNIT 12　INNOVATION（课件PPT+学案），文件包含2025届高中英语一轮复习北师大版选择性必修第四册UNIT12INNOVATIONpptx、2025届高中英语一轮复习北师大版选择性必修第四册UNIT12INNOVATION教师版docx、2025届高中英语一轮复习北师大版选择性必修第四册UNIT12INNOVATION学生版docx等3份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共60页， 欢迎下载使用。

vitamin n.维生素labur-saving adj.节省劳力的micrscpe n.显微镜crrespnd vi.通信satellite n.人造卫星；卫星
rbit n.轨道 vi.& vt.沿轨道运行particle n.粒子，质点premier adj.最好的；最重要的subsequently adv.后来，随后
relativity n.相对性muld n.霉，霉菌penicillin n.青霉素，盘尼西林navy n.海军missile n.导弹，飞弹
physicist n.物理学家tube n.圆管，管子；电视显像管，阴极射线管circuit n.电路，线路；环形道路cincidence n.运气；巧合incubatin n.孵化
PhD (Dctr f Philsphy) n.博士学位csmlgy n.宇宙论，宇宙学kettle n.水壶，壶revlutin n.彻底变革，革命
fibre n.(木材、碳等天然材料的)纤维mechanical adj.机械的
lan n.贷款dcument n.公文，文件
well-being n.健康，幸福，舒适garbage n.垃圾device n.设备，装置；修辞手段instant adj.立刻的，马上的launch vt.发射；发动，发起，开始从事
split vi.& vt.分割，把……分开；分成(不同部分)utspken adj.坦率的，直言不讳的cnstant adj.恒久不变的；持续不断的，经常发生的 n.常量，恒量finding n.研究的结果；发现
bilgist n.生物学家perceive vt.察觉，注意到，发觉millin num.百万humble adj.谦虚的，谦卑的utcme n.结果，后果
jint adj.联合的，共同的，共有的emerge vi.出现，浮现vercme vt.克服(困难)，控制(感情)；征服，战胜decline vi.减少，降低grand adj.宏伟的，壮丽的，隆重的
bnus n.意外收获，额外的好处；奖金；红利gravity n.重力，引力steam n.水蒸气；蒸汽动力
entertainment n.娱乐活动，娱乐节目→entertain v.招待；使快乐；娱乐→entertaining adj.有趣的 gifted adj.有天赋的，有才华的→gift n.天赋，天才，才能；礼物
prductive adj.多产的；丰饶的；富有成效的→prduce v.生产 n.农产品→prduct n.产品；产物→prductin n.生产；产量
scientific adj.科学(上)的→science n.科学→scientist n.科学家
dnate vi.& vt.捐献(器官)，献(血)；捐赠，捐献→dnatin n.捐赠，捐献→dnr n.捐赠者
accuracy n.准确性；精准度；正确，准确→accurate adj.正确的，准确的→accurately adv.准确地
efficiently adv.有效率地，高效能地→efficient adj.高效的→inefficient adj.效率低的→efficiency n.效率
prpse vt.提出(某观点、方法等)；求婚→prpsal n.提议；建议；求婚clueless adj.一窍不通的，一无所知的→clue n.线索；提示
evaluatin n.评价，评估→evaluate v.评价，评估theretical adj.理论的→thery n.理论；学说
bil vi.& vt.(使)沸腾，煮沸；(用开水)煮 n.沸腾→biling adj.炎热的；炽热的→biled adj.煮沸的，煮熟的
imprvement n.改善，改进；改进之处→imprve v.改善；提高availability n.可能性→available adj.可利用的；可得到的
explde vi.& vt.(使)爆炸；急剧增长→explsin n.爆炸；激增→explsive adj.(易)爆炸的；激增的
mass n.大量，大宗；质量adj.大量的→massive adj.巨大的；非常严重的
sailr n.水手，海员→sail v.航行，起航→sailing n.帆船运动；航行illustrate vt.说明，阐明；给(书籍、文章等)加插图→illustratin n.说明，阐明；插图
regulate vt.控制，管理→regulatin n.规则；规章；管理preserve vt.保存(食物)，腌制；维护，保护 n.腌菜，果酱→preservatin n.维护；保存
specifically adv.特定地，专门地→specific adj.特别的；具体的；明确的
electric adj.用电的，带电的，电动的→electrical adj.电的，与电有关的→electrnic adj.电子的→electricity n.电；电能
[拔高词汇] 背选修词汇
incandescent/ˌInkæn'desənt/adj.白热的，白炽的reservir/'rezəvwɑː/n.蓄水池，水库cmpst/'kɒmpɒst/vt.将……制成堆肥wealthy/'welθi/adj.富有的，有钱的，富裕的pverty/'pɒvəti/n.贫穷，贫困
fertility/fɜː'tIləti/n.生育能力，繁殖力；肥沃mrtality/mɔː'tæləti/n.死亡；死亡率；死亡数assault/ə'sɔːlt/n.侵犯人身(罪) vt.猛袭，攻击glm and dm无望，悲观失望
infant/'Infənt/n.婴儿；幼儿stabilize/'steIbəlaIz/vi.& vt.(使)稳固，(使)稳定triple/'trIpəl/vi.& vt.(使)成为三倍，增加两倍adj.三倍的；有三部分的
in spite f虽然；不顾；尽管……(仍……)have sth n ne’s hands有某事要处理nt t mentin...更不用说……range 范围从……到……figure ut算出；弄懂；弄清楚single ut 挑选；挑出
turn t sb向某人求助in a jint effrt在共同努力下g ut熄灭be dedicated t 致力于；献身于be expected t d sth被预期会做某事
be reduced t 减少到reflect n 仔细考虑，反省
If yu had t chse the single mst imprtant discvery f the 20th century，yu wuld have a real prblem n yur hands.(if 引导的虚拟条件句)如果你必须在20世纪重大发现中选出最重要的一项，这可不是件容易的事。
the way we crrespnd went frm writing letters t emailing and sending instant messages.(the way 作先行词的定语从句)……我们的通信方式从写信变成了发电子邮件和发送即时信息。
used s much energy that when it was turned n，the lights in the lcal twn went ut！(引导结果状语从句)……它消耗如此多的电量，以至于当它启动的时候，当地所有的灯都熄灭了！
4.Human life n this planet has been transfrmed int a “glbal village”，with all the different cuntries linked in the chain f cmmn interests.(with＋宾语＋dne)不同国家因共同利益而连接起来，使得这个星球上人类的生活已经转变为“地球村”。
This hle led t anther universe，cmpletely separate frm ur wn.[形容词(短语)作状语]这种洞通向另一个宇宙，与我们的世界完全分隔。
In The Grand Design (2010，with Lenard Mldinw)，Hawking argued that we shuld lk fr a different way t discver the deepest secrets f the universe.(argue that...认为……)在《宏伟设计》(2010年出版，与莱昂纳德·蒙洛迪诺合著)一书中，霍金提出我们应该用一种不同的方式去发现宇宙最深处的秘密。
As the water biled，the steam made the tp f the kettle bunce up and dwn.(as引导的时间状语从句)当水沸腾时，水蒸气使水壶的盖子上下弹跳。
1.vitamin n. ________3.crrespnd vi. ______4.satellite n. ________________5.premier adj. __________________
6.subsequently adv. ___________7.relativity n. ________8.physicist n. __________9.circuit n. ______________________10.cincidence n. ___________
1. n.健康，幸福，舒适2. n.垃圾3. n.设备，装置；修辞手段4. adj.立刻的，马上的5. vt.发射；发动，发起，开始从事6. vi.& vt.分割，把……分开；分成(不同部分)
7. adj.坦率的，直言不讳的8. adj.恒久不变的；持续不断的，经常发生的 n.常量，恒量9. n.生物学家10. vt.察觉，注意到，发觉11. adj.谦虚的，谦卑的
12. n.结果，后果13. adj.联合的，共同的，共有的14. vi.出现，浮现
1. adj.科学(上)的→ n.科学→ n.科学家2. n.准确性；精准度；正确，准确→ adj.正确的，准确的→ adv.准确地
3. adv.有效率地，高效能地→ adj.高效的→ adj.效率低的→ n.效率4. adj.一窍不通的，一无所知的→ n.线索；提示5. n.评价，评估→ v.评价，评估
efficiently
inefficient
1.reservir n. ______________2.fertility n. ________________________3.assault n. _____________vt. ___________4.stabilize vi.& vt. __________________5. adj.富有的，有钱的，富裕的
生育能力，繁殖力；肥沃
(使)稳固，(使)稳定
1. 虽然；不顾；尽管……(仍……)2.have sth n ne’s hands_____________3. 更不用说4.range __________________5. 算出；弄懂；弄清楚
nt t mentin
1.The children in the muntain village have n ，s their teachers ften tell stries t them after class.(entertain)2.Brian has a fr music and he wants t be a musician like Beethven.(gift)3.The rice they grw this year is and they hpe that the will be twice as much as that f last year.(prduct)
entertainment
entertaining
4.Have yu ever anything t the charity? Last week，ur rganizatin received a large f mney and learning materials，but we didn’t knw wh was the generus .(dnate)5.While calculating the maths prblem，yu shuld pay mre attentin t the f the numbers，r yu can’t figure it ut .(accurate)
6.He ablishing the regulatin but n ne agreed t his .(prpse)7.As an secretary，she can rganize varius jbs ___________and imprve her . (efficient)
1.He an urgent matter ，s he can’t accmpany me t the bkstre.2.I wnder whether yu have hw much the trip will cst.3. her advancing years，she is still active in a variety f activities.
in spite f，have sth n ne’s hands，range ，figure ut，single ut
n his hands
4.I have difficulty prper clthes fr the evening party，s culd yu help me?5.The shw had a large audience， children _________grandparents.
singling ut
ranging frm
1.如果我是这名老师，我会用另一种方式来解决这个问题。(if引导的虚拟条件句)If the teacher，I in anther way.2.在我看来，他对待这个女孩的方式并不恰当。(the way 作先行词的定语从句)As far as I was cncerned，______________________________________ was nt prper.
wuld slve the prblem
the way (that/in which) he treated the girl
3.他如此严厉地责备她，以至于那个女孩想辍学。(引导结果状语从句)He blamed her .
s sharply that the girl wanted t drp ut f/quit schl
默写练习(二)Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.incubatin n. ______2.PhD (Dctr f Philsphy) n. __________3.csmlgy n. ________________4.kettle n. __________5.revlutin n. ________________
6.fibre n. ____________________________7.mechanical adj. ________
(木材、碳等天然材料的)纤维
1. vt.克服(困难)，控制(感情)；征服，战胜2. adj.宏伟的，壮丽的，隆重的3. vi.减少，降低4. n.意外收获，额外的好处；奖金；红利5. n.重力，引力6. n.水蒸气；蒸汽动力
1. adj.理论的→ n.理论；学说2. n.大量，大宗；质量 adj.大量的→ adj.巨大的；非常严重的
3. n.可能性→ adj.可利用的；可得到的4. adv.特定地，专门地→ adj.特别的；具体的；明确的
availability
specifically
5. adj.用电的，带电的，电动的→ adj.电的，与电有关的→ adj.电子的→ n.电；电能
electricity
1.cmpst vt. ________________2.mrtality n. ______________________3.infant n. ____________4.triple vi.& vt. _______________________adj. ____________________5. n.贫穷，贫困
(使)成为三倍，增加两倍
1. 向某人求助2.in a jint effrt_____________3.g ut______4. 致力于；献身于5. 被预期会做某事
be dedicated t
be expected t d sth
1.I was with rage，but my husband let me drink sme ________water t cl my anger.(bil)2.After mnths f learning，his English has a lt，and his parents are als pleased with the .(imprve)3.Tw bmbs in the centre f the city and the caused seven deaths.(explde)
4.The gvernment has issued a set f t the car rental market.(regulate)5.Thugh he likes very much，he desn’t want t be a ________wh all the year rund.(sail)6.The teacher has the prblem several times，but the pupils are still cnfused abut his .(illustrate)7.As we try ur best t pandas，we shuld als pay attentin t the f their habitats.(preserve)
illustrated
illustratin
preservatin
1.I was in the middle f packing up my things when suddenly the light in the the past few weeks its price $8，s the majrity f peple can affrd it.
turn t，g ut，be dedicated t，be reduced t，reflect n
has been reduced t
3.The yung man hw his day’s gne and thinks abut the rest f the the plice fr assistance whenever yu are in if everyne the missin can ur cuntry develp faster and faster.
is dedicated t
1.试卷上交以后，学生们走出了教室。 (with＋宾语＋dne) ，the students stepped ut f the classrm.2.他们中有些人边走边和别人核对答案。(as引导的时间状语从句)Sme f them checked answers with thers .
With their test papers handed in
as they walked
3.然而，我认为在考试完全结束之前核对答案并不是一个好主意。(argue that...)Hwever， t check answers befre the examinatin ends cmpletely.
I argue that it is nt a gd idea
The wrld needs innvatins fr ur well-being.We need prductive crps fr the ever 1. (increase) ppulatin，electric labur-saving devices t wrk mre efficiently and sme new ways 2. (deal) with garbage.Sme peple think that nly 3. (gift) peple can invent new things.Fr example，Einstein put frward the Thery f Relativity, 4. shws even time，mass r length are nt cnstant.Bilgist Alexander Fleming discvered penicillin.
Eckert,5. engineer and Mauchly，a physicist，prduced a machine t imprve the 6. (accurate) f missiles in a jint effrt.James Watt develped the steam engine.7. ，their achievements lay in the fact that they culd perceive sme therwise ignred phenmena and they vercame 8. (vary) difficulties.Subsequently utstanding utcmes emerged.If we cmmn peple are 9. (dedicate) t the imprvement f smething，maybe we will cause a revlutin.
S if yu want t find a gd way t regulate traffic r t preserve fd，just launch yur prject instantly.A bnus is 10. (specific) waiting fr yu.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
•t ne’s entertainment使某人高兴的是•entertain sb t sth用某物招待某人 entertain sb with sth用某物使某人快乐
n.文娱节目；娱乐；招待，款待(entertain vi.& vt.娱乐，使快乐；招待 entertaining adj.有趣的；令人愉快的)
(1)Yu have helped me vercme a mass f prblems，s I will entertain yu what yu like eating mst.Then，we will g t the cinema fr (entertain).
(2)(读后续写之安慰)发现母亲在哭，小汤米努力用他能想到的方法来让她开心。他绘声绘色地给她讲有趣的故事。最后，让他高兴的是，他的母亲破涕为笑了。Finding his mther weeping，little Tmmy spared n effrt t _________ .He vividly tld __________________t her.Finally， ，his mther smiled thrugh tears.
entertain her with whatever he culd think f
entertaining stries
t his entertainment
adj.有天赋的；天才的(gift n.礼物；天才；天赋)
•be gifted/talented in在……方面有天赋•have a gift/talent fr有……的天赋
(1)Hwever (gift) yu are，yu wn’t succeed withut cnstant effrt and perseverance.(2)她出生在一个医学世家，从小就有中医天赋。Brn in a medical family，________________________________________ ever since childhd.
she has had a gift fr/been gifted in Chinese medicine
(3)(应用文写作之通知)许多有天赋的学生和音乐教师将在音乐节期间进行表演。 during the music festival.
Many gifted students and music teachers will put n perfrmances
vi.通信；相一致；符合；相当于(crrespndence n.来往信件；通信联系；相似)
•crrespnd with sb与某人通信 crrespnd t相当于……；类似于…… crrespnd with/t与……一致；符合•in crrespndence with与……有通信联系；与……一致
(1)The editr welcmes (crrespnd) frm readers and amateurs n any subject.
crrespndence
(2)只有当你言行一致时，你才能和其他人建立更好的关系。Only when _____________________________________________________ can yu build better relatinships with thers.(3)(应用文写作之结束语)如果你有任何问题，请尽早和我通信。If yu have any questin， at yur earliest cnvenience.
what yu d crrespnds with/is in crrespndence with what yu say
please crrespnd with me
vt.保存(食物)，腌制；维护；保护；保留n.保护区；腌菜，果酱(preservatin n.维护；保护；保存)
保护……免于……be well/strictly preserved被很好/严格地保存/保护
(1)The ld building dating back t the Sng Dynasty is still in gd (preserve).(2)现在是政府建立更多自然保护区以保护濒危物种免于灭绝的时候了。It is high time that ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ .
the gvernment set/shuld set up mre nature preserves t preserve the endangered species frm/against extinctin/dying ut
此句中的cmpletely separate frm ur wn是形容词短语作状语，其具体用法如下：•形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或 句中，常用逗号与句子的其他成分隔开。•形容词(短语)作状语时常说明句子主语的状态。如果要修饰句子的谓语动词或 整个句子，则应用副词作状语。
This hle led t anther universe，cmpletely separate frm ur wn.这种洞通向另一个宇宙，与我们的世界完全分隔。
(1)使我们欣慰的是，走失的孩子10天后回到了家，虽然筋疲力尽但还健康。T ur relief，the missing child returned hme ten days later，__________ .(2)没有意识到潜在的危险，她步入森林深处，掉进了陷阱。 ，she went further int the frest and fell int the trap.(3)三周前，决心增强自己的力量和意志力，我报名参加了城市半程马拉松比赛。 ，I signed up fr the city half-marathn three weeks ag.
but healthy
Nt aware/Unaware f the ptential danger
Determined t build up my strength and strengthen my willpwer
(4)出乎意料地，父亲并没有勃然大怒，反而和颜悦色地和我交谈。 ，my father didn’t explde with anger and instead，he talked with me mildly.
Unexpectedly
as作连词，可引导以下状语从句：•作“在……期间，当……的时候，随着……”解，引导时间状语从句。•作“由于”解，引导原因状语从句，常用来表示已为人们所知或显而易见的原因 或理由。•作“像……，按照……的方式”解，引导方式状语从句。•用于或nt 中，前一个as是副词，后一个as是连词，引导比较状 语从句。•表示“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，常用倒装语序，构成“n./v./adj./adv. ＋as＋主语＋谓语/系动词”结构。
As the water biled，the steam made the tp f the kettle bunce up and dwn.当水沸腾时，水蒸气使水壶的盖子上下弹跳。
(1)写出下列句子中as的汉语意思①As time ges by，mre and mre peple have perceived that nly by jint effrts can we preserve ceans frm being plluted. ______② Yu shuld treat thers as yu wuld like t be treated.________________③ Child as he is，he can prpse sme scientific imprvement measures._____④ I biled with anger，as my sn didn’t behave well at table. _____
(2)(读后续写之紧张心理描写)随着公共汽车越来越靠近城镇，汤姆浑身颤抖，如坐针毡。 ，Tm shk all ver，feeling like being n pins and needles.(3)尽管我们又累又饿，但是我们从这次五千米越野赛跑中受益匪浅。(2020·新课标Ⅰ) ，we benefited a lt frm the five-kilmeter crss-cuntry running race.
As the bus gt clser and clser t the twn
Exhausted and hungry as we were
(4)我不像你一样了解这座城市，所以你能带我参观一下这座城市吗？I ，s culd yu please shw me arund the city?
dn’t knw the city as well as yu d
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
(1)The minister declined t make a cmment n the legend.(2)Besides，the number f snakes had declined as well.(2020·新课标Ⅰ) (3)Of curse，ur brains can decline as we grw lder fr lts f reasns—including ther envirnmental influences r genetic factrs. (2020·浙江7月)
(4)Habitat lss，pesticide use，and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pllinatr ppulatins ver the past cuple f decades，which has damaged the ecnmy.(2023·浙江1月) ____
(1)The Idler was launched by Tm Hdgkinsn，back in 1993.(2023·新课标Ⅱ) ____ (2)It is cnfirmed that China will launch mre spacecrafts t the mn in the fllwing year. (3)The plice have launched an investigatin int the case，which has attracted great attentin natinwide.
(4)After the launch f the prducts，they have wn gd praises frm custmers fr their cnvenient and high-efficient superir prperties. ___
3.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加颜色词汇的意思(1)He was vercme with grief and his friends were disappinted with his behavir. ____________________(2)The benefits f regular exercise are well dcumented but there’s a new bnus t add t the ever-grwing list.(2022·浙江1月) _______________(3)Jack biled when he lst the game because f his wn mistake.__________(4)He was afraid that if he prpsed she might refuse. ______
(5)Celebrate prgress and keep refining(改进) tward a happy prductive existence.(2022·浙江1月) ____________(6)A cmpany had prblems when it tried t intrduce instant cffee t the French market. ________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1.I really admire the manager because he is gifted reslving prblems my (entertain)，the cat jumped up in panic when seeing the general prpsed that they (cease) fire and negtiate a cmprmise.4. cincidence，my best friend and I ended up wrking at the same advertising firm.
(shuld) cease
5.Thugh vercme panic，the tailr picked up curage and came ut t see what had ，just I tk ut my camera，a wman apprached frm behind，and planted herself right in frnt f my ban n plastic bags is t preserve the envirnment being plluted.8.A few representatives frm different cmpanies dnated necessary supplies the disaster area.
9.The ld sldier has a gd memry and can recall the vilent battle with (accurate) scientist is dedicated the research in spite f his advanced age.
1.我很自豪也很高兴，站在这里向大家介绍中国的四大发明：造纸术、印刷术、火药和指南针。(形容词作状语；定语从句)_______________________________________________________________2.正如大家已经知道的，中国历史悠久，成就斐然，四大发明就在其中。(as引导定语从句；amng which引导定语从句)_______________________________________________________________
3.四大发明意义重大，对世界发展产生了特别深远的影响。(倒装句)_______________________________________________________________4.如果没有造纸术和印刷术，人类文明和文化就不会被如此完好地保存和传播。如果没有指南针，欧洲水手就不会在海上探险中实现深入的探索和突破。(if引导虚拟条件句)_______________________________________________________________
5.因此，人们普遍认为，四大发明不仅影响了中国，而且改变了整个世界。(argue；nt als...)_______________________________________________________________6.作为一个中国人，我坚信我们有责任保护它们，使它们在世界上发挥更重要的作用。(preserve)_______________________________________________________________
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Prud and delighted，I am standing here t intrduce the Fur Great Inventins f China t yu，which include paper-making，printing，gunpwder，and the cmpass.As yu have knwn，China has a lng histry with numerus remarkable achievements amng which are the Fur Great Inventins.S significant are the Fur Great Inventins that they have had an especially prfund influence n glbal develpment.If there hadn’t been paper-making and printing，human civilizatin and culture wuld nt have been s well preserved and spread.If there hadn’t been the cmpass，Eurpean sailrs wuldn’t have explred further and made breakthrughs in the sea explratin.
S it is widely argued that the Fur Great Inventins nt nly impacted China but als transfrmed the whle wrld.As a Chinese，I firmly believe that it is ur duty t preserve them and make them play a mre imprtant rle in the wrld.
主题：科学发明Edith was a gifted girl wh was keen n science and inventin.She ① which culd imprve the well-being f the elderly.② (形容词作状语)，she shwed her device in the class，but ③____________________________because she failed.Hwever，instead f being discuraged，she ④_______ and firmly annunced she wuld make it sner r later.
dnated almst all her time t inventing a delicate device
Excited and thrilled
it brught a rar f laughter
a faint smile
⑤____________________________________________________________ (分词短语作状语)，she finally imprved her inventin and succeeded，⑥ (定语从句).⑦______ (with复合结构)，the 15-year-ld gifted girl submitted her wrk t the natinal science club，⑧____________ (形容词短语作状语).Hearing the gd news，all peple arund her were happy fr her.Her effrts finally paid ff.
Having declined many entertainments and vercme numerus difficulties
which made her beam with pleasure
brad/wide/bright smile n her lips
t apply fr a patent