2025届高考英语一轮复习讲义（牛津译林版）：必修第三册Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world（课件PPT+学案）

这是一份2025届高考英语一轮复习讲义（牛津译林版）：必修第三册Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world（课件PPT+学案），文件包含2025届高中英语一轮复习课件译林版必修第三册Unit4Scientistswhochangedtheworldpptx、2025届高中英语一轮复习讲义译林版必修第三册Unit4Scientistswhochangedtheworld教师版docx、2025届高中英语一轮复习讲义译林版必修第三册Unit4Scientistswhochangedtheworld学生版docx等3份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共60页， 欢迎下载使用。

republic n.共和国，共和政体malaria n.疟疾deadly adj.致命的；十足的，彻底的prvince n.省，省份extract n.提取物；选录vt.提取；选录；取出；设法得到
herb n.药草，香草；草本experiment n.实验，试验；尝试，实践vi.做试验，进行实验；尝试trial n.试用，试验；审讯，审判；考验vi.& vt.测试，试验n trial受审；在试验中；试用
husehld adj.家庭的，家用的，家务的n.一家人，家庭pstpne vt.延迟，延期sufficient adj.足够的，充足的data n.数据，资料，材料
errr n.错误，差错wisdm n.才智；明智；智慧，知识，学问cnduct vt.& vi.组织，实施；指挥；引导；举止penicillin n.青霉素，盘尼西林muld (AmE mld) n.霉菌；模具；类型vt.浇铸；塑造
bacteria (sing.bacterium) n.细菌accident n.意外，偶然的事；事故， 意外遭遇→accidental adj.意外的；偶然的by accident＝by chance偶然；意外地
lightning n.闪电electricity n.电，电能thery n.学说，论；原理；看法，意见thunderstrm n.雷雨，雷暴ribbn n.带子，丝带；带状物
metal n.金属electric adj.电的，发电的，电动的bang n.突然的巨响；猛敲，猛击vi.&vt.砸；砰地关上；猛摔；碰撞standut adj.突出的n.突出的人(或物)
atmic adj.原子的；原子能的bmb n.炸弹；核武器vt.轰炸evil n.罪恶，罪行；害处，坏处adj.恶毒的；有害的；恶魔的
credit n.赞扬，认可；信用vt.存入金额；把……归于t ne’s credit值得赞扬negate vt.取消，使无效；否认，否定
intellectual adj.脑力的；有才智的，智力发达的n.知识分子，脑力劳动者mystery n.神秘，神秘的人(或事物)；悬疑作品authrity n.权威；权力；官方evlutin n.进化；演变，发展
publish vt.出版，发行；发表；公布survival n.生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物→survive vi.& vt.生存；幸存，幸免于难→survivr n.幸存者
brad adj.广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；概括的；开阔的→bradly adv.大体上；开心(笑)地→braden vt.变宽，扩大……的范围cntainer n.容器；集装箱，货柜→cntain vt.包含
beneficial adj.有益的，有用的→benefit n.益处 vt.对……有益处 vi.得益于illustrate vt.说明，解释；加插图于→illustratin n.图解，图示
surrund vt.围绕，环绕；包围；与……紧密相关→surrunding adj.周围的→surrundings n.周围的环境用……包围/围绕……be surrunded with/by被……包围
indicate vt.表明；暗示；提及；指出→indicatin n.表明；暗示intelligent adj.有才智的，聪明的；有智力的→intelligence n.才智
plitician n.政治家，从政者；投机钻营者→plitics n.政治(学)→plitical adj.政治的scientific adj.科学的，关于科学的；细致严谨的→science n.科学→scientist n.科学家
mral adj.道德的；道义上的；品行端正的n.品行，道德；寓意→immral adj.不道德的apply vt.& vi.应用；申请；涂；有关→applicatin n.应用，运用；申请，申请表；涂抹，敷用→applicant n.申请人
ignrance n.无知→ignrant adj.不了解的，无知的；无礼的→ignre vt.忽视；不理睬be ignrant f...对……无知
freedm n.自由→free adj.自由的；免费的 v.使摆脱； 解放；松开→freely adv.自由地·be free t d sth自由地做某事·free sb f/frm sth使某人摆脱某事；使某人免于某事
respnsibility n.责任，负责；职责，义务→respnsible adj.负责的natinality n.国籍；民族→natinal adj.国家的；全国的；民族的→natin n.国家；民族
marriage n.结婚，婚姻；已婚状态→marry v.结婚pay ff成功，奏效，达到目的thrugh trial and errr反复试验by accident偶然，意外地
with a bang很成功；引人注目，有强烈影响let sb dwn使某人失望as t关于，至于take it fr granted想当然地认为，认为……是理所当然
make a difference有影响，起作用thanks t 由于；幸亏far frm the truth根本不是事实wrk ut制定出；锻炼；计算出；理解；解决
Tu Yuyu has becme the first female scientist f the Peple’s Republic f China t receive a Nbel Prize，awarded fr her cntributin t the fight against malaria，ne f the deadliest diseases in human histry.(动词不定式作后置定语)屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家。她获奖是因为她在抗击疟疾中做出的贡献，疟疾是人类历史上最致命的疾病之一。
Inspired by an ver 1,600-year-ld text abut preparing qingha extract with cld water，Tu redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the herb at a lw temperature in rder nt t damage its effective part.(过去分词短语作状语)在一本1 600多年前的典籍中，关于用冷水制备青蒿提取物的记载给了屠呦呦启发，她重新设计了试验，并尝试在低温下对这种草药进行提取，以不损害其有效成分。
Hwever，it was nt until the 1970s that Tu succeeded in discvering qinghasu，after many failed experiments.(It was nt 强调句型)然而，直到20世纪70年代，屠呦呦才在多次实验失败之后发现了青蒿素。
Withut her brad knwledge f bth traditinal Chinese medicine and Western medicine，Tu might never have discvered qinghasu.(含蓄虚拟条件句)如果没有她丰富的中西医知识，屠呦呦可能永远也不会发现青蒿素。
vi.& vt.想要，计划；意指→intended adj.计划的；为……打算(或设计)的→intentin n.目的；意图；打算
·intend t d/ding sth打算做某事 intend sb t d sth打算让某人做某事 had intended t d sth(＝intended t have dne sth)本打算做某事(但事实上没做)·be intended t d sth旨在做某事；专为做某事而设计的 be intended fr专门为……准备/打算·with the intentin f抱有……的目的；打算……
adj.有限的→limit n.& vt.限制→limitless adj.无限的
·be limited t受限制于……·beynd/within the limits f超出/限定在……范围内 withut limit无限制地 There is a/n limit t (ding)...……是有限的/无限的。·把……限定在……范围内
vt.较喜欢；偏袒；有助于 n.帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒→favurable adj.赞同的，支持的；有利的→favurite adj.最喜爱的
ask sb a favur＝ask a favur f sb请某人帮一个忙d a favur fr sb＝d sb a favur给某人以恩惠；帮某人一个忙we sb a favur欠某人一个人情in favur f支持，赞同；有利于
favur(AmE favr)
vt.& vi.充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使充满；向……方向冲去 n.收费；控告；谴责；掌管
·charge sb with (ding) sth＝accuse sb f (ding) sth 指控某人犯……罪； 因(做)……而控告某人 charge sb mney fr sth因某物/某事收某人钱 charge at向……发起冲锋，扑向·free f charge(＝fr free)免费 in charge f掌管(表状态) in the charge f被……掌管；由……负责 take charge f掌管(表动作)
vt.包含；牵涉，影响；(使)参加→invlved adj.有关的；卷入的；复杂的→invlvement n.参与；卷入；牵连
·invlve (ding) sth包含；需要(做)某事 invlve neself in sth参加……·be/get invlved in参与；卷入；与……有关联；专注于
v.允许，准许，许可；使有可能 n.通行证；许可证；执照→permissin n.允许，许可
·permit sb (t d) sth允许某人(做)某事 permit ding sth允许做某事·with/withut ne’s permissin获得某人同意/未获得某人许可 ask sb fr permissin＝ask permissin frm sb请求某人许可
vt.宣告；宣布；声明；表明，宣称；申报
be/as...宣布……为……declare war n/against...向……宣战declare fr/against表示赞成/反对It is declared that...据宣布……
指的是；提到，谈及；参考，查阅(reference n.提及；参考，查阅；介绍信)
·refer 把……称作…… 把……提交给……·in/with reference t关于
提出，提议，建议；推荐；将……提前；拨快(钟表)
put aside把……放到一边；储存put ff推迟；延期put up with忍受；容忍put away把……收拾好；整理；储蓄put n穿上；上演；增加put up搭建；张贴；举起；为……提供住宿put dwn放下；写下；镇压
Nw，we scientists take it fr granted that it is perfectly pssible t live and nt knw.现在，我们科学家理所当然地认为，人类生而有所不知是完全有可能的。
在“take it fr granted＋that从句”中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的that从句。与此类似的用法有rely n/depend n/see t it＋that从句；appreciate it＋if从句；like/hate it＋when从句等。
1.①我们的访谈节目“Talk and Talk”旨在与学生分享英语学习方法和经验。 (2022·新课标Ⅰ，邀请信)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________②我本打算这个周末和你一起出去，但发生了一件意想不到的事情。希望这不会让你失望。(应用文写作之道歉信)I but smething unexpected happened，hping it wuldn’t let yu dwn.
Our prgram，“Talk and Talk”，is intended t share English learning methds and experience with students.
had intended t g/intended t have gne ut with yu this weekend
2.没有朋友，你的世界将局限于一片荒芜。(读后续写之主旨升华)Withut friends，yur wrld wuld wilderness.3.当听到大多数人不赞成他对实验的意见时，他气得怒火中烧。(读后续写之情感描写)He biled with anger when hearing that ____________________________ .
be limited t
mst f them weren’t in favur
f his pinin n the experiment
4.我将负责一个主题班会，旨在向外国友人介绍中国传统文化。(2021·全国甲，咨询信) designed t intrduce traditinal Chinese culture t freign friends.5.在文化节上，我参与了各种各样的精彩活动，从戏剧表演到艺术作品展览。(2022·浙江1月，应用文写作)At the cultural festival，___________________________________________frm drama perfrmance t art wrks exhibitin.
I will be in charge f/take charge f a theme class meeting
I gt invlved in a wide range f amazing activities
6.如果天气允许的话，将进行冬日远足活动，让我们接近大自然并提高我们的健康意识。(应用文写作之通知) ，a winter hike will be cnducted t get us clse t nature and raise ur health awareness.7.当老师宣布我是写作比赛的冠军时，我激动得无法抑制我的快乐。(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写) ，I was s excited that I can’t cntain my happiness.
Weather permitting/If weather permits
When the teacher declared me t be/as the winner f the writing cntest
8.我写信向你寻求关于什么样的中国传统文化最吸引外国人的建议。(2021·全国甲，咨询信)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.至于你在信中提出的问题，我认为有一个均衡的饮食是一个好主意。(应用文写作之建议信)As t the prblem ，I think it is a gd idea t have a balanced diet.
I am writing t ask fr yur advice in/with reference t what kinds f traditinal Chinese culture appeal t/attract freigners mst.
yu put frward in yur letter
10.我们总是理所应当地认为海洋可以提供给我们无穷无尽的资源，因此我们过度开发海洋。 (2022·全国甲，短文投稿)_______________________________________________________________ ，s we verdevelp ur ceans.
We always take it fr granted that ceans can prvide us with limitless
1.malaria _______2.extract ____________________________3.bacteria _______4.lightning _______5.ribbn _____________________
n.带子，丝带；带状物
6.evil ___________________________________________________7.mystery __________________________________8.evlutin ___________________
n.罪恶，罪行；害处，坏处
adj.恶毒的；有害的；恶魔的
n.神秘，神秘的人(或事物)；悬疑作品
1. adj.足够的，充足的2. adj.致命的；十足的，彻底的3. n.省，省份4. n.智慧，知识，学问；才智；明智5. adj.家庭的，家用的，家务的n.一家人，家庭
6. vt.延迟，延期7. n.实验，试验；尝试，实践vi.做试验，进行实验；尝试8. vt.& vi.组织，实施；指挥；引导；举止9. vt.表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报10. vt.出版，发行；发表；公布
11. vt.& vi.充电；收费；控告；谴责； 使……承担责任；使充满 n.收费；控告；谴责；掌管12. n.赞扬，认可；信用vt.存入金额；把……归于
1. adj.广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；概括的；开阔的→ adv.大体上；开心(笑)地→ vt.变宽，扩大……的范围2. vt.包含；牵涉，影响；(使)参加→ adj.有关的；卷入的；复杂的→ n. 参与；卷入；牵连
3. n.无知→ adj.不了解的，无知的；无礼的→ vt.忽视；不理睬4. n.自由→ adj.自由的；免费的 v. 使摆脱；解放；松开→ adv.自由地
5. n.责任，负责；职责，义务→ adj.负责的6. vt.较喜欢；偏袒；有助于n.帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒→ adj.赞同的，支持的；有利的→ adj.最喜爱的
respnsibility
7. adj.科学的，关于科学的；细致严谨的→ n.科学→ n.科学家8. vt.& vi.允许，准许，许可；使有可能 n.许可证→ n.允许，许可
1.thrugh trial and errr_________2. 提出，提议，建议3. 有影响，起作用4. 由于；幸亏5. 计划；思考；计算出；理解6.with a bang_____________________________
make a difference
很成功；引人注目，有强烈影响
1.Sme peple g abrad with the f trying their frtune，while thers t learn sme skills.(intend)2.Luckily，the by the disaster and he was the nly _________amng the villagers.(survive)3.The natural resurces are .Therefre，we have n reasn t waste the precius resurces withut .(limit)
4.The f this village by muntains are suitable fr human beings t live in.(surrund)5.He believes that all children are brn with equal .And he thinks that this slw by can be as as thers if taught prperly.(intelligent)
surrundings
intelligence
intelligent
6.Everyne knws the f learning English and if yu wrk hard，it will be t yur future career.(benefit)7.All the can in persn r by letter and at the same time shuld hand in their befre the deadline.(apply)
applicatins
1.At the end f the mnth，I managed t get thrugh the classes and my pains in the arrived just as we were leaving，but I was nt sure whether this was dne r by all need t keep ptimistic and t accmplish the task ahead f time.
refer t，speed up，pay ff，by accident，as t，take it fr granted
by accident
4.D remember the speech shuld be given withut the ntes.5. hw t learn English well，yu’d better cnsult yur teachers r sme always that the earth can prvide us with limitless natural resurces.
referring t
take it fr granted
1.第一个到达终点线的人将被授予金牌。(动词不定式作后置定语) will be awarded a gld medal.2.我们总是把父母的爱视为理所当然。当我们开始珍惜他们为我们所做的一切时，已经为时已晚。(It is/was nt 强调句型)(应用文写作之演讲稿)We always take parents’ lve fr granted and ________________________ we begin t appreciate all they have dne fr us.
The first man t reach the finishing line
it is nt until it’s t late
3.在我看来，在老师的帮助下我们把定期组织一些课外活动设为一项规定会更好。(it作形式宾语)(应用文写作之建议信)In my pinin，it is better t ____________________________________ with the help f ur teachers.
make it a rule that we rganize sme
after-class activities regularly
Ⅳ.语法填空　文中加颜色词汇为本单元词汇
Once upn a time，there was a man wh 1. (admire) by mst peple fr his great scientific achievements.Since he was yung，he had been interested in traditinal Chinese medicine，2. (intend) t be a famus dctr.But because f pverty，he drpped ut f schl.He didn’t give up thugh.He cntinued t learn by himself.
was admired
Once sme peple in his village develped a deadly disease.T cure them，he 3. (refer) t many bks and eventually sme herbs saved them.Their 4. (survive) encuraged him s greatly that he began t d mre scientific experiments，explring a 5. (brad) wrld.At that time equipment was s limited that he culdn’t get sufficient data，6. he vercame these difficulties.
A few years later，his effrts paid 7. ！He wrte a nicely illustrated bk and had it 8. (publish).He als gave lectures in different prvinces，encuraging thers t further explre 9. treasure huse f traditinal Chinese medicine，which can be 10. (benefit) t glbal health care.
(1)Finally，my hard wrk paid ff—we were awarded an A，which gave us great satisfactin. (2022·浙江1月，读后续写)(2)Over 1,000 wrkers will be paid ff if this factry clses.(3)Ten years later，the wife paid ff all the debts that her husband left，which was beynd thers’ expectatins.
____________
(1)Eating spring vegetables during the Spring Equinx is a cmmnly practiced custm in many regins f China.Spring vegetables refer t seasnal vegetables that differ frm place t place.(2)Why nt refer t a dictinary t check the spelling f the wrd？(3)The scientist referred t glbal warming at least three times in his speech.
1.The helicpter landed near ur camp and its lud nises scared the bear.He lked irritated and charged at us again. (2020·浙江7月，读后续写)2.There are traditinal prverbs which express a mral r a piece f hme，my dad said，“A jb’s a big step t grwing up.I’m glad yu will be cntributing t the husehld.” (2021·浙江6月，读后续写)
_________________________________________
1.为了提高学生的科学意识，以“科学之美”为主题的科学节于上周在我校举行。(intend)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.一位专家被邀请教我们如何制作机器人，之后学生们参与了丰富多彩的活动，比如编程机器人和设计机器人。(invlve，“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3.在其他活动方面，在不同的时间安排了有关先进技术的科学知识测验和讲座。(as t)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.在这个节日上，我们还在现场欣赏了各种各样的装置，这些装置对我们的日常生活有很大的好处。(benefit，非限制性定语从句)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5.最令人印象深刻的是这个节日让我们学生意识到追求科学是没有极限的。(what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句，there is n limit t...)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.这个节日不仅激励我们投身于科学，也提高了我们的创新意识。(apply，部分倒装)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Intended t raise students’ awareness f science，the science festival with the theme f “The Beauty f Science” was launched/held in ur schl last week.At the beginning，an expert was invited t teach us hw t make rbts，after which the students invlved themselves in the clurful activities，such as prgramming rbts and designing rbts.As t ther activities，scientific knwledge quizzes and lectures abut advanced technlgies were arranged at different time.
At this festival，we als appreciated varius devices n the spt，which are f great benefit t ur daily life.What was mst impressive was that the festival made us students realize there is n limit t pursuing science.In cnclusin，nt nly did the festival mtivate us t apply urselves t science but it als raised ur awareness f innvatin.
情感细节描写：失望与遗憾
科学精神Edith is keen n science and inventin.When she heard there was ging t be a cmpetitin abut inventin and innvatin，she ①______ .Edith spared n effrt t prepare fr it and she was sure ② .Hwever，during the cmpetitin，when Edith slwly turned n the machine，it didn’t wrk as expected.③_______________________________________at her failing t invent the machine.
up fr it withut hesitatin
everyne wuld be amazed at her inventin
She was vercme with bitter disappintment
When she lked arund，④_____________________________________ (动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语).Lwering her head，she was extremely frustrated，⑤________________ (独立主格).She was abut t leave when a judge apprached her and ⑥ ，“Dn’t lse heart，hney.Failure is the mther f success.Bear in mind that ⑦_______ (定语从句).”
she fund a lk f disappintment flashing
acrss/spreading ver sme f the judges’ faces
a ripple f regret
welling up inside her
cmfrted her in a gentle vice
belngs t thse wh never give up