高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land导学案
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land导学案,共7页。学案主要包含了学习目标,必备短语,必备单词,小试牛刀,语法指导等内容,欢迎下载使用。
Learn t deal with an emergency situatin.
Write a stry abut first aid.
【必备短语】
1.first-aid ___________ 急救技能
2.___________ dnatin 器官捐赠
3.nuclear _____________核辐射
4._________ sils 酸性土壤
5.the tp _________ f the skin 皮肤的表层
6.a _________ f the war 一名战争受害者
7.___________ the table 在桌子下面
8.__________ the burnt area 包扎烧伤部位
9.a scial ___________ prgramme 一项社会福利计划
10.____________ n the sfa 倒在沙发上
11.live in a wealthy _________ f Chicag住在芝加哥郊区的一处富人区
12.get a gym _____________获得健身房会员资格
【必备单词】
1.__________['maɪnə(r)] adj.较小的;次要的;轻微的→minrity n.少数;少数派;少数人;少数民族→(反义词)majr adj.主要的;重要的;大的;严重的→majrity n.大部分;大多数
2.__________[ɪ'lektrɪk] adj.电的;用电的;电动的→electricity n.电→electrical adj.电的;与电有关的→electrnic adj.电子的
3.__________[swel] vi.(swelled, swllen)膨胀;肿胀→swllen adj.(身体部位)肿起的;肿胀的
4.___________[nɜːv] n.神经→nervus adj.紧张的
5.__________[luːs] adj.松的;未系紧的;宽松的→lsen v.(使)放松,变松;解开→lsely adv.宽松地;松散地;不精确地
6._____________['præktIkl] adj.切实可行的;实际的;实践的→practically adv.实际上;几乎→practice n.练习;实践 v.练习
7.__________[taIt] adj.牢固的;紧身的;绷紧的;严密的 adv.紧紧地;牢固地→tightly adv.紧紧地;牢固地;紧密地→tighten v.(使)变紧,更加牢固;使更加严格;加强
8.___________['dʒʌstIfaI] vt.证明……有道理;为……辩护;是……的正当理由→justice n.公正;正义→justified adj.有合理解释的
9._________['fɒɡi] adj.有雾的→fg n.雾
【小试牛刀】
1.Yur skin _____________(充当) a barrier against disease and the sun's rays.
2.Burns are divided int three types, ________________(取决于) the depth f skin damage.
3.Yur skin is where yu feel cld, heat r pain and it gives yu yur ___________________(触觉).
4.The discvery f the new evidence __________(导致) the thief's being caught.
5.T _________________(确保) that he was at hme, I called him up in advance.
6.Teenagers wh are addicted t the Internet are mre likely t ____________(患……病) depressin.
7.With the help f Tm's friends, he was able t ___________________________(帮助汤姆站起身来).
8.He was driving alng the rad when a by fell ff a schl bus, _______________________(面朝下).
X2 Unit5 复习导学案(二)
【语法指导】
一、v.-ing形式的时态、语态及意义
◆The park was full f peple, enjying themselves in the sunshine.
公园里到处都是人,他们在阳光下玩得很愉快。
◆Having finished her hmewrk, the little girl began t watch TV.
做完作业后,这个小女孩开始看电视。
[即时演练1]——单句语法填空
(1)________________________(tell) many times,he still made the same silly mistake.
(2)__________________(d) quite well in the exam, he came back hme, relaxed and smiling.
二、v.-ing形式作状语
v.-ing形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随、结果、让步情况等。
1.时间状语
v.-ing形式作时间状语时,相当于一个时间状语从句,所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生,有时可由连词when、while、after引出。
◆Hearing the bad news that his father passed away, he burst int tears.
=When he heard the bad news that his father passed away, he burst int tears.
听到他父亲去世的消息时,他突然哭了起来。
2.原因状语
v.-ing形式作原因状语时,相当于一个原因状语从句,可以与as、since、because等引导的原因状语从句转换。
◆Being s excited, he culdn't g t sleep that night.
=As he was s excited, he culdn't g t sleep that night.
由于非常激动,那晚他没睡着。
3.条件状语
v.-ing形式作条件状语时,相当于一个条件状语从句,可以与if、unless等引导的条件状语从句转换。
◆Wrking hard, yu will succeed.
=If yu wrk hard, yu will succeed.
努力工作,你将会成功。
4.方式或伴随状语
v.-ing形式作方式或伴随状语时,表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明,不可以转换成从句,但可以转换成并列句。
◆The teacher std there, reading a newspaper.
=The teacher std there, and read a newspaper.
老师站在那里,读着报纸。
5.结果状语
v.-ing形式作结果状语时,表示必然的结果,它常常位于句末,可扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简单句,有时也可以转换成非限制性定语从句。
◆The hspital has recently btained sme new medical equipment, allwing mre patients t be treated.
=The hspital has recently btained sme new medical equipment, which allws mre patients t be treated.
这家医院最近得到一批新的医疗设备,这使更多的病人能够得到治疗。
6.让步状语
v.-ing形式作让步状语时,相当于一个让步状语从句,可以与althugh、thugh引导的让步状语从句转换。
◆Having failed many times, he didn't lse heart.
=Thugh he had failed many times, he didn't lse heart.
尽管失败了许多次,他仍然没有失去信心。
1.v.-ing形式作状语时, 其逻辑主语必须和主句的主语一致;如果不一致,必须用独立主格结构表示,也就是在前面加上它的逻辑主语。
◆Spring cming, the field is full f life.
春天来了,田野充满生机。
◆The teacher being ill, the lecture was put ff.
老师病了,讲座被推迟了。
2.固定的v.-ing形式作状语
高中阶段有一些固定的v.-ing形式,如generally speaking(一般来说)、judging frm... (根据……来判断)、cnsidering...(考虑到……)、suppsing... (假如……)等,它们的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致。这类词或短语可以被称之为句子的状语,也可当作一个插入语。
◆Judging frm his accent, he must cme frm Canada.
从他的口音来看,他一定来自加拿大。
◆Cnsidering hw pr he was, we decided t let him attend the cncert fr free.
考虑到他是那么穷,我们决定让他免费听音乐会。
[即时演练2]——句型转换
(1)When she saw thse pictures, she remembered her childhd.
→________________________, she remembered her childhd.
(2)Because I dn't knw his address, I can't send this bk t him.
→_____________________________, I can't send this bk t him.
(3)If yu use yur head, yu'll have a gd idea.
→______________________________, yu'll have a gd idea.
三、v.-ing形式作主语
v.-ing形式可以在句中作主语,此时也可称为动名词。
◆Reading alud is a gd way t learn a language.
大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。
◆Being blamed fr the breakdwn f the cmputer made me quite frustrated.
由于电脑坏掉而受到指责使我非常沮丧。
v.-ing形式在句中作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而把v.-ing形式放在句后。常用句型:It is+n use/n gd/fun... +ding sth.。
◆It is n use crying ver spilt milk.
覆水难收。
◆It’s n gd playing cmputer games t much.
玩太多的电脑游戏没好处。
[即时演练3]——单句语法填空
(1)_______________(wrk) with Jane in the same ffice helped me t get a gd understanding f her independent wrking style.
(2)It's n use ________________(cmplain) withut taking actin.
(3)______________________(invite) t the party was a great hnur t the family.
四、v.-ing形式作表语
v.-ing形式作表语说明主语的性质特征或具体内容。常见的有mving、interesting、encuraging、exciting、inspiring、bring、surprising、puzzling、amusing、astnishing等。
◆The argument is very cnvincing.
这个论点很令人信服。
◆Yur speech is very interesting and encuraging.
你的演讲很有趣而且很鼓舞人。
◆Her jb is keeping the lecture hall as clean as pssible.
=Keeping the lecture hall as clean as pssible is her jb.
她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。
[即时演练4]——单句语法填空
(1)Ging int hspital can be very ________________(frighten) fr a child.
(2)Henry's jb is ______________________________(teach) physics in a lcal middle schl.
(3)Yur task is ______________(clean) the ld car ver there n yur wn.
五、v.-ing形式作宾语
v.-ing形式既可作动词宾语,又可作介词宾语。
1.v.-ing形式作动词宾语
◆I hpe yu will cnsider travelling t China when yu are free.
我希望你在有空的时候考虑来中国旅行。
2.v.-ing形式作介词宾语
◆He insisted n settling the cnflict in a peaceful way.
他坚持以和平方式解决冲突。
◆I am lking frward t being admitted t a key university.
我盼望着被一所重点大学录取。
口诀记忆只跟v.-ing形式作宾语的动词
避免错过少延期(avid、miss、pstpne)
建议完成多练习(advise/suggest、finish、practise)
喜欢想象禁不住(enjy、imagine、can't help)
承认否定与嫉妒(admit、deny、envy)
逃避冒险莫原谅(escape、risk、excuse)
忍受保持不介意(stand、keep、mind)
[即时演练5]——单句语法填空
(1)The key t _______________(slve) the prblem is t meet the demand made by the custmers.
(2)He devtes himself t ____________(lk) int the matter.
(3)She likes spending much mney ___________(buy) clthes fr herself.
六、v.-ing形式作宾语补足语
v.-ing形式作宾语补足语时,表示一个正在进行的主动动作或一种状态,作宾语补足语的v.-ing形式与其前的宾语存在逻辑上的主动关系。
1.表示感觉和心理状态的动词, 即“感官动词(组)”, 常见的有see、hear、feel、smell、find、ntice、bserve、lk at、listen t等。
◆I saw the little by crying there.
我看到那个小男孩正在那儿哭。
◆When we returned, we fund a stranger standing in frnt f the huse.
当我们回来时,我们发现一个陌生人站在房子前面。
v.-ing形式和不定式作宾语补足语的区别
在see、hear、feel、watch、ntice等感官动词后,既可用v.-ing形式构成复合宾语,也可用不带t的不定式构成复合宾语,两者之间有一定的区别。
(1)用v.-ing形式时,表示动作正在进行
◆He saw a girl getting in the car at that time.
那时他看见一个女孩正在上车。
(2)用不带t的不定式时,表示动作发生了,即动作的全过程结束了。
◆He saw a girl get in the car.
他看见一个女孩上了车。
2.表示“叫、让、使”等指使意义的动词,即“使役动词”, 常见的有have、set、keep、get、leave等。
◆It's very cld. We shuld have the fire burning all the time.
天很冷。我们应该让火一直燃烧着。
◆We can't have the yung man speaking t his mther in such a rude manner.
我们不能让那个年轻人用如此无礼的方式跟他的母亲说话。
3.用于“with复合结构”中,其结构和表示意义如下:
with+宾语+ding(表示主动或进行);
with+宾语+dne(表示被动或完成);
with+宾语+t d(表示将来)。
◆With s many peple lking at her, she felt nervus.
这么多人看着她,她感到紧张。
[即时演练6]——单句语法填空/句型转换
(1)I felt smene ___________(pat) me n the shulder.
(2)When he passed the swimming pl, he saw smene ______________(swim) in it.
(3)I heard Mary ___________(sing) a sng in the next rm last night.
七、v.-ing形式作定语
v.-ing形式作后置定语时,它和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的主动关系,表示被修饰词所进行的动作,相当于一个定语从句。
1.前置定语(放在所修饰的名词前)
v.-ing形式作前置定语表示被修饰词的某种用途或者正在进行的动作。
◆In summer I ften swim in the swimming pl.(表示用途)
夏天我经常在游泳池游泳。
◆She glanced at the sleeping child and then hurried away.(表示正在进行)
她瞥了一眼睡着的孩子,随即匆匆离开了。
2.后置定语(放在所修饰的名词后)
v.-ing形式作后置定语时,相当于一个定语从句,可以与that、which、wh等引导的定语从句转换。
◆The by playing ftball n the playgrund is my yunger brther.
=The by that/wh is playing ftball n the playgrund is my yunger brther.
正在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。
◆The natinal park has a large cllectin f wildlife, ranging frm butterflies t elephants.
=The natinal park has a large cllectin f wildlife, which ranges frm butterflies t elephants.
国家公园有许多的野生动物,从蝴蝶到大象都有。
◆The meeting being held nw is f great significance.
=The meeting which/that is being held nw is f great significance.
正在举行的会议非常重要。
[即时演练7]——单句语法填空/句型转换
(1)The tpic _______________________(discuss) nw has drawn sme experts' attentin.
(2)Grandma came int my bedrm with a __________(walk) stick in her hand. 时态
语态
意义
一般式
主动式ding
与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系,与谓语动作同时发生或基本上同时发生
被动式
being dne
与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系,且与谓语动作同时发生
完成式
主动式
having dne
与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系,且先于谓语动作发生
被动式
having been dne
与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系,且先于谓语动作发生
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