备战2025年高考二轮复习英语阅读理解 考点分类练10　主旨大意题（1）（Word版附解析）

这是一份备战2025年高考二轮复习英语阅读理解 考点分类练10　主旨大意题（1）（Word版附解析），共7页。
主题:改造旧飞机 词数:305 难度:★★★☆☆
Bruce Campbell,a retired electrical engineer,wanted t change the behavir f mankind by shwing hw we can recycle ld things int new- and practical- and livable nes.
Fr abut $220,000,he purchased a Greek airliner—a Being 727-400—that lgged abut 40,000 flights in its peak.Befre Campbell gt his hands n his Being 727 and transfrmed it int the airplane hme he lives in,this aircraft saw regular use as it transprted all kinds f peple t all srts f destinatins.
After the successful transfrm,he hsted a big DJ dance party with a cuple f friends.The party,called Turbulence:A Dance Party at a 727 in the Wds,happened right n the wing!Guests wh attended the party als gt the pprtunity t take a lk at the airplane hme.Overall,they gt the attentin f 14,000 Meta users wh were interested in what sunded like an incredible party.
This talented engineer gt anther airliner and started n his secnd airplane hme during the beginning f 2018 n the Kyushu Island cast because he wanted it t serve as a safe place fr the lcal cmmunity as well.Part f Bruce Campbell’s visin was t make an airliner that dubled as a lifebat in case tsunami (海啸) threats were issued.He wanted the general public t find ut that planes are capable f surviving hundreds f years and the cruelest weather cnditins thanks t its sealed pressure technlgy.
Campbell adred the excitement that he received when he recycled airplanes and hped that peple wuld seriusly cnsider it after they gt the chance t see his hme during turs and events.He has psted n his website that it is his gal t “inspire a renaissance (复兴) f thught abut hw t emply this remarkable resurce”.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一位退休的电气工程师Bruce Campbell把旧飞机改造成家的故事。
1.What drew wide public attentin t Campbell’s first transfrmed plane?
A.Its high residential cmfrt level.
B.Its remarkable transprting capacity.
C.The incredibly high transfrmatin cst.
D.The Meta pst f a party held n it.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,Meta上举办派对的帖子吸引了公众对Campbell第一架改装飞机的广泛关注,故选D项。
2.What did Campbell think the secnd plane culd serve as?
A.A tsunami warning center.
B.A meeting place fr lcal cmmunity.
C.A temprary shelter in disasters.
D.An engineering wrkshp.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中“This talented engineer gt anther airliner and started n his secnd airplane case tsunami threats were issued.”可知,Campbell认为第二架飞机可以用作灾难中的临时避难所,故选C项。
3.Why did Campbell transfrm the planes?
A.T direct attentin t husing prblems.
B.T satisfy his scientific curisity.
C.T advcate a greener lifestyle.
D.T call fr participatin in recycling.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段和最后一段内容可知,Campbell改造飞机是为了呼吁市民参与循环再造。
4.What is the text mainly abut?
A.A frmer engineer turning retired planes int hme.
B.Recent trends f renaissance-themed decratin.
C.A talented hme designer receiving nline fame.
D.Diverse appraches fr sustainable living.
答案 A
解析 主旨大意题。根据全文内容,结合第一段“Bruce Campbell,a retired electrical engineer,wanted t change the behavir f mankind by shwing hw we can recycle ld things int new- and practical- and livable nes.”可知,文章主要介绍了一位退休的电气工程师Bruce Campbell把旧飞机改造成家的故事,A项“一位前工程师把退役的飞机变成了家”能够总结文章大意。
Passage 2 (2024浙江绍兴二模)
主题:弃用草书 词数:336 难度:★★★☆☆
I have always been prud f my handwriting,a skill I was taught in grade schl.The teacher was teaching us the Palmer Penmanship Methd,drilling int us the imprtance f frming big flwing lines when we wrte g’s and s’s as well as beautiful f’s that in my mind were like fairy tale princesses wearing fancy hats while extending their right ft.We were strictly prhibited frm using blck letters n ur hmewrk,as they lack the beauty.
Nw it becmes apparent that yung peple n lnger learn cursive(草书).They type everything,mstly n their phnes.Beautiful handwriting is a thing f the past.This has becme a surce f great sadness amng traditinalists.
But recently smething happened that shk my faith in cursive.T my cmplete disbelief,nt ne but tw f my clse friends cmplained abut the handwriting n my pstcards.They were grateful fr the beautiful pstcards I regularly sent,but they said they hnestly culdn’t read a thing I had written.One friend went s far as t ask if I culd use blck letters next time s that she culd understand what I was writing.
Initially,I was angry.I had made the effrt t cver an entire pstcard with what I viewed as nt just handwriting but calligraphy.But then I shwed an English friend a pstcard I’d just written,and he said that the nly thing that was readily understandable was the letters “” The rest f it,he plitely suggested,lked like “chicken scrawl”.
Lking at the pstcard dispassinately,I unwillingly admit that he has a pint.All the m’s and n’s run tgether,and the l’s lk like l’s.The a’s are indistinguishable frm the q’s.S,frm nw n,I’m taking their advice and using blck letters t cmmunicate.
In fact,I just nw sent an ld friend a pstcard.But this time,I simply wrte—in big blck letters:
DEAR ALICE:
HI.
JOE.
I hpe she gets the message.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小学时对自己的草书书法感到自豪,到意识到现代趋势使它变得不那么实用和容易理解的过程。尽管作者的朋友们很欣赏草书的美丽,但看不懂他们手写的明信片,所以为了清晰起见,他决定改用印刷体。这一转变象征着一个更广泛的社会转变,从手写交流向打字交流转变,显示了传统美感与实际易读性之间的斗争。
5.What d we knw abut the Palmer Penmanship Methd?
A.It is characterized by big flwing lines.
B.It is rarely appreciated by traditinalists.
C.It was nt allwed in students’ hmewrk.
D.It is viewed as a trend in handwriting styles.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The teacher was teaching us the Palmer Penmanship Methd,drilling int us the imprtance f frming big flwing lines when we wrte g’s and s’s as well as beautiful f’s that in my mind were like fairy tale princesses wearing fancy hats while extending their right ft.”可知,帕尔默书法的特点是线条大而流畅。故选A项。
6.What weakened the writer’s belief in cursive?
A.The ppularity f blck letters in recent times.
B.The yunger generatin’s disinterest in cursive.
C.His friends’ failure t cmprehend his pstcards.
D.His English friend’s suggestin n pstcard design.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,作者朋友们无法理解他的明信片削弱了作者对草书的信念。
7.Why did the writer switch t blck letters fr cmmunicatin?
A.T deliver his message clearly.
B.T imprve his handwriting skills.
C.T win praise frm his friends.
D.T shw his passin fr calligraphy.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知,作者改用大写字母来交流是为了清楚地传达他的信息。故选A项。
8.What is the text mainly abut?
A.The wide use f cursive.
B.The sad decline f cursive.
C.The value f preserving cursive.
D.The technique f writing in cursive.
答案 B
解析 主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段“Nw it becmes apparent that yung peple n lnger learn cursive.They type everything,mstly n their phnes.Beautiful handwriting is a thing f the past.This has becme a surce f great sadness amng traditinalists.”可知,文章主要讲的是草书可悲的衰落。故选B项。
Passage 3 (2024广东江门一模)
主题:环境DNA技术 词数:345 难度:★★★★☆
Figuring ut bidiversity patterns and detecting rare r just-gd-at-hiding species has lng psed challenges fr ecsystem mnitring and cnservatin effrts.Traditinal survey methds are labr intensive and cver limited areas.Nw,emerging envirnmental DNA (eDNA) techniques pen new pssibilities.
Scientists cllect water r sil samples frm an envirnment and extract (提取) any DNA traces left behind by rganisms.This is the envirnmental DNA (eDNA).They then use ne f the tw analysis methds—quantitative PCR (qPCR) r DNA sequencing (DNA 测序).Similar t virus tests,qPCR is used t detect if a specific species’ DNA is in the sample.Fr example,researchers tested river water eDNA t see if endangered fish X was present.When it was detected,they cnfirmed that the fish lived in that river withut directly seeing it.DNA sequencing analyzes all DNA in the sample at nce.Scientists can then match the DNA barcdes t databases t identify which species were in the sampled envirnment.
Althugh eDNA sampling cannt identify new species r thse nly knwn frm phts and vides if they are nt already listed in the reference databases,the real pwer f it lies in its ability t capture a wide range f rganisms.With just ne sample,scientists can detect all kinds f living things,frm bacteria t whales,in almst any envirnment where life exists,including the deep sea and undergrund caves.One f the mst significant advantages f eDNA sampling is that it allws scientists t detect species that are difficult t see r capture.This is particularly useful when studying rare r very small species,r when wrking in envirnments like dark water where visibility is limited.
This is just the start.Imagine a future where eDNA data culd be cllected frm the mst remte ceans by autnmus vehicles,analyzed by the drne r n bard a research vessel(船舰),and integrated with ther mnitring data s marine managers and the public can see near-real-time data abut the cnditin f the cean.Science fictin? Nt any mre.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。新的生物多样性监测技术——环境DNA (eDNA)技术即将问世,文章对其进行了介绍。
9.What’s the authr’s purpse f mentining the example in paragraph 2?
A.T explain the prcess f qPCR analysis methd.
B.T intrduce the definitin f envirnmental DNA.
C.T tell the difference between tw analysis methds.
D.T shw the similarity between qPCR and virus tests.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“They then use ne f the tw analysis in that river withut directly seeing it.”可知,作者在第二段提到这个例子的目的是说明qPCR分析方法的过程。
10.What’s the advantage f eDNA sampling?
A.It can detect species frm phts and vides.
B.It can help scientists capture endangered species.
C.It enables scientists t wrk in invisible envirnment.
D.It can identify any living creature with a sample f it.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段前两句“Althugh eDNA sampling cannt the deep sea and undergrund caves.”可知,eDNA取样的优势是它可以用它的样本识别任何生物。
11.What culd eDNA data be applied t in the future?
A.Studying micrbial cmmunities.
B.Analyzing diversity changes ver time.
C.Cllecting species in new envirnments.
D.Offering statistics fr cean supervisin.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Imagine a future where eDNA the cnditin f the cean.”可知,eDNA数据在未来可以应用于为海洋监管提供统计数据。
12.What’s the main idea f the text?
A.Scientists have made a breakthrugh in undersea research.
B.Rare species have been discvered with tw analysis methds.
C.New bidiversity mnitring techniques are arund the crner.
D.Traditinal survey methds are abandned fr their shrtcmings.
答案 C
解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段可知,文章主要讲的是新的生物多样性监测技术即将问世。