备战2025年高考二轮复习英语阅读理解 考点分类练9 词句猜测题(3)(Word版附解析)
展开主题:英文句子 词数:372 难度:★★☆☆☆
Think yu have a gd grasp f English? Gd.Read the six sentences belw,then.
Sentence 1:The ld man the bat.
Sentence 2:The cttn clthing is made f grws in Mississippi.
Sentence 3:Time flies like an arrw;fruit flies like a banana.
Sentence 4:Fat peple eat cllects.
Sentence 5:The man wh hunts ducks ut n weekends.
Sentence 6:The cmplex huses married and single sldiers and their families.
Linguists (语言学家) call these “garden path sentences”,which take yu by the hand and lead yu dwn a winding path t a dead end.Despite this,they’re all grammatically crrect.Let’s see why.
Sentence 1:The ld man the bat.
Besides sunding like a rejected Hemingway title,this sentence is indeed grammatically crrect thanks t sme well-placed hmnyms—wrds that share the same spellings but have different meanings.Hmnym 1 here is “ld”,used as a nun,meaning “ld peple”;hmnym 2 is “man”,used as a verb,meaning “t serve in/n”.With that in mind,the sentence means “The ld peple serve n the bat.”
Sentence 2:The cttn clthing is made f grws in Mississippi.
At first read,yu’d think “is made f” is the main verb f this sentence.But it’s nt.The simplest frm f this sentence is “The cttn grws in Mississippi”;cnfusingly,“clthing is made f” is used t tell us what cttn we’re talking abut.This sentence wuld make way mre sense if written “The cttn that clthing is made f grws in Mississippi”,but English allws us t remve certain cnjunctins like “that”,with its meaning maintained.
Sentence 3:Time flies like an arrw;fruit flies like a banana.
The first half f this sentence is easy t catch.S when dealing with the ther half,peple usually fllw the structure f the first half,and it’d be understd as “fruits fly like bananas”.This is bviusly unreasnable.Only when peple rethink can they recgnize the true meaning f the sentence.Therefre,such sentences manage t make peple ignre the structure f the sentence itself,thus departing frm its riginal meaning.
Cme n!Take a walk dwn the garden path with the rest f the sentences.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对特殊的英文句子的理解。
1.What’s the characteristic f “garden path sentences” accrding t linguists?
A.Misleading but errr-free.
B.Accurate and plain.
C.Imprperly-wrded and meaningless.
D.Ungrammatical but cmprehensible.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。由文章第八段“Linguists call these ‘garden path sentences’,which take yu by the hand and lead yu dwn a winding path t a dead end.Despite this,they’re all grammatically crrect.Let’s see why.”可知,这些句子的特点是误导但没有错误。
2.Which wrd is an example similar t the hmnym f “man” in sentence 1?
A.“grws” in sentence 2.
B.“eat” in sentence 4.
C.“hunts” in sentence 5.
D.“huses” in sentence 6.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。由文章第一个标题“Sentence 1:The ld man the bat.”下的“Hmnym 1 here is ‘ld’,used as a nun,meaning ‘ld peple’;hmnym 2 is ‘man’,used as a verb,meaning ‘t serve in/n’.”和第七段“Sentence 6:The cmplex huses married and single sldiers and their families.”可知,第6句中的“huses”可以是名词“房子”,本句中用作动词“给(某人)提供住处”与第1句中“man”都是具有名词词性,在句子中用作动词。
3.Which f the fllwing crrectly interprets “fruit flies like a banana” in sentence 3?
A.“fruit flies” refers t a srt f insect.
B.“flies” serves as the verb f the sentence.
C.“flies like” explains what fruit is talked abut.
D.“like” has the same meaning as the “like” befre it.
答案 A
解析 词句猜测题。由文章第三个标题“Sentence 3:Time flies like an arrw;fruit flies like a banana.”下的内容可知,句子应该理解为“fruit flies”为句子主语,意为“果蝇”,指的是一种昆虫;谓语是“like”意为“喜欢”;宾语是“a banana”,意为“香蕉”。
4.What can be the trublemaker in sentence 4?
A.The ill-placed verbs.
B.The remval f “that”.
C.The grammar mistakes.
D.The lack f nun behind “cllects”.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。由文章第五段中“Sentence 4:Fat peple eat cllects.”可知,peple前省略了that,that peple eat为定语从句,修饰先行词Fat,“Fat”此处作名词,意为“脂肪;肥肉”,所以“that”的省略导致句子不好理解。
Passage 2 (2024贵州贵阳一模)
主题:蜜蜂 词数:303 难度:★★★☆☆
Bees are mre than just hney-makers.They are essential pllinatrs (传粉者) that help maintain the balance f ur ecsystems and the diversity f ur crps.Bees are amng the mst diverse and plentiful insects n Earth,with ver 20,000 species wrldwide.They belng t the rder Hymenptera (膜翅目昆虫),which als includes wasps,ants,and sawflies.
Bees have evlved t feed n nectar (花蜜) and pllen frm flwers,and in ding s,they transfer pllen frm ne flwer t anther,enabling fertilizatin (受精) and reprductin.This prcess,called pllinatin,is essential fr the survival f many plants,especially thse that prduce fruits,nuts,seeds,and vegetables that we eat.
Accrding t the Fd and Agriculture Organizatin (FAO),bees and ther pllinatrs affect 35% f glbal agricultural land,supprting the prductin f 87% f the leading fd crps wrldwide.
Pllinatin als enhances the quality and quantity f the crps,as well as their resistance t pests and diseases.Withut bees and ther pllinatrs,ur fd supply and ur bidiversity wuld be at risk.
Unfrtunately,bees are facing many threats,such as habitat lss,pesticide use,climate change,diseases,and invasive species.The FAO estimates that 16.5% f vertebrate (脊椎动物) pllinatrs and 40% f invertebrate pllinatrs,such as bees,are facing extinctin.This culd have serius cnsequences fr ur fd security,ur livelihds,and ur envirnment.
Therefre,it is imprtant t prtect the bees and their habitats,and t raise awareness abut their rle and value.
One way t appreciate and supprt the bees is t learn hw t identify them and bserve their behavir.Yu might be surprised by the diversity and beauty f the bees that visit yur backyard,garden,r balcny.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蜜蜂不仅是蜂蜜制造者,更是至关重要的传粉者,对于维护生态系统平衡、丰富农作物多样性起着不可或缺的作用,同时指出蜜蜂面临的生存挑战及保护蜜蜂的紧迫性。
5.Why are pllinatrs imprtant?
A.They help the bees fertilize.
B.They keep the crps diverse.
C.They supprt the bees t make hney.
D.They prtect insects such as wasps.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Bees are mre than just hney-makers.They are essential pllinatrs that help maintain the balance f ur ecsystems and the diversity f ur crps.”可知,传粉昆虫很重要是因为它们在维持生态系统平衡和农作物多样性方面至关重要。
6.What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A.Hw pllinatin wrks.
B.Hw the flwers attract bees.
C.Hw the bees reprduce.
D.Hw the plants prduce fruits.
答案 A
解析 主旨大意题。根据第二段内容可知,第二段主要介绍了蜜蜂通过取食花蜜和花粉进行传粉,从而帮助植物受精和繁殖的过程,即“传粉是如何运作的”。
7.What des the underlined wrd “This” in paragraph 5 prbably refer t?
A.Climate change.
B.Pesticide use.
C.Pllinatrs’ survival crisis.
D.Bees’ habitat lss.
答案 C
解析 词句猜测题。根据第五段的“The FAO estimates that 16.5% f vertebrate pllinatrs and 40% f invertebrate pllinatrs,such as bees,are facing extinctin.”可知,蜜蜂和其他传粉者面临灭绝的危机,“这种危机”可能导致严重的后果,因此,“This”指代的是“传粉者生存危机”。
8.Which wuld be the best title fr the text?
A.A duty:Prtect Bees’ Habitat
B.A Means:Observe Bees’ Behaviur
C.Bees:Maintainers f the Ecsystem
D.Bees:Cnsumers at the Tp f the Fd Chain
答案 C
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其根据第一段以及倒数第二段内容可知,文章主要围绕蜜蜂作为生态系统维护者的核心角色展开,论述了其传粉功能对农业生产、生物多样性和环境稳定性的重大意义,同时指出蜜蜂面临的生存挑战及其保护的紧迫性。所以“蜜蜂:生态系统维护者”适合作本文的标题。
Passage 3 (2024四川成都二模)
主题:保护个人隐私 词数:303 难度:★★★☆☆
There’s an enrmus amunt f persnal health infrmatin peple nw feed r tap int digital mnitrs,health apps,search engines and ther nline tls.If the same infrmatin were prvided in yur dctr’s ffice,yur privacy wuld be safeguarded.But that’s nt hw the digitized health wrld wrks.
Instead,we have an ecsystem f abuse in which health technlgy cmpanies perate largely utside the law that requires dctrs and ther medical persnnel,hspitals and insurers t prtect an individual’s health infrmatin.
That means technlgy cmpanies can—and d—dig yur digital data fr clues abut yur health status,accessing infrmatin like prescriptins yu have purchased and ther health services yu might have sught,and ptentially link this infrmatin t yur name,address,email address and ther persnally identifying infrmatin.The data can then be used by platfrms including Meta and Ggle t help advertisers target prmtins r ther cmmunicatins t yu.
It’s a gaping hle in health privacy prtectins that cmes frm the privacy law,which prtects interactins between patients,medical prfessinals and insurers but des nt,in mst cases,prtect patient health data that is recrded n new technlgies.
Clsing the patient privacy gap can- and shuld-be a pririty fr lawmakers.The cnsequences f digital expsure fr thse seeking reprductive services have drawn significant cncern and attentin.These wrries are reasnable.But reprductive care is nly ne area f health services where private patient infrmatin is digitally disclsed.
Therefre,lawmakers must take actin t prtect the privacy f peple wh are nw nline fr all manners f persnal,prfessinal and ther reasns.Until then,a narrwly targeted apprach that prtects health privacy may be plitically easier t cme int effect.The explsin f digital health technlgy and the dramatic increase in its use in the past few years require it greatly.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕数字化健康世界中个人隐私保护的问题展开论述,分析了当前健康技术公司在处理个人健康信息时存在的法律漏洞和滥用现象,并强调了立法者需要采取行动来保护个人隐私的重要性。
9.What can we learn abut the present situatin f the digitized health wrld?
A.Persnal health data is used fr ther purpses.
B.Persnal health infrmatin is difficult t identify.
C.Targeted prmtins are used t imprve peple’s health.
D.Medical persnnel prtect the persnal health infrmatin well.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第二段和第三段内容可知,现在我们的个人健康信息没有得到应有的保护,这些数据反而被包括Meta和谷歌在内的平台使用,以帮助广告商向你定向促销或其他通信。
10.What’s the authr’s attitude twards the present privacy law?
A.Apprving. B.Critical.
C.Cautius.D.Ambiguus.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容可知,作者认为现行的隐私法存在巨大漏洞。由此推知,他对现行隐私法是持批评态度的。
11.What des the underlined wrd “it” in paragraph 6 refer t?
A.The spread f health service.
B.Peple’s privacy.
C.A narrwly targeted apprach.
D.The explsin f digital technlgy.
答案 C
解析 词句猜测题。根据画线单词上一句“Until then,a narrwly targeted apprach that prtects health privacy may be plitically easier t cme int effect.”以及画线单词所在句“The explsin f digital health technlgy and the dramatic increase in its use in the past few years require it greatly.”可推测,画线词it指的是上文提到的“targeted apprach”。
12.What is the purpse f the text?
A.T advcate imprvement in the privacy law.
B.T reprt cases f illegal infrmatin expsure.
C.T explain hw the digitized health wrld wrks.
D.T intrduce a debate n the effect f technlgy.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段以及全文内容可知,文章主要讨论了数字化健康世界中个人隐私保护的问题,特别指出了当前隐私法存在的漏洞以及健康技术公司如何滥用个人健康信息。作者强调了这一问题的严重性,并呼吁立法者采取行动来弥补这一漏洞,保护个人隐私。由此推知,文章的目的是倡导改进隐私法,以确保个人健康信息得到妥善保护。
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