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备战2025年高考二轮复习英语题组限时满分练4 阅读理解 七选五阅读练习（Word版附解析）
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这是一份备战2025年高考二轮复习英语题组限时满分练4 阅读理解 七选五阅读练习（Word版附解析），共10页。
A
(2024江西鹰潭二模)
This chart shws hw much mney Americans have in savings at every age.
The typical American husehld has an average f $8,863 in an accunt at a bank r credit unin,accrding t a recent reprt frm Bankrate that analyzed inflatin-adjusted data frm the Federal Reserve.That’s purely in liquid savings,s it desn’t include retirement funds r ther investments.
Hwever,that amunt varies greatly by age and husehld type.
Savings vary widely by husehld type and age
Fr many families,this amunt f savings falls shrt,sme experts warn.“The ultimate destinatin shuld be enugh t cver six mnths’ expenses,perhaps 9 t 12 mnths fr sle breadwinners r self-emplyed individuals,” Greg McBride,CFA and chief financial analyst fr Bankrate.cm,says in the reprt.
“Here’s the thing with emergency mney:Mre is always better,” best-selling authr and c-funder f AE Wealth Management David Bach tells CNBC Make It.“Yu hear all the time experts say,yu shuld have three mnths f expenses set aside.Well,it depends.In the recessin,when peple lst their jbs,three mnths f expenses set aside wasn’t enugh.”
Meanwhile,ther research has fund that 60 percent f millennials dn’t have enugh mney t cver a $1,000 emergency.
In additin t building yur emergency fund,yu shuld aim t put arund 15 percent f yur incme twards retirement savings,accrding t the financial services cmpany Fidelity.
If yu want t put mre away each mnth,start by cutting back n Americans,three biggest expenses:husing,transprtatin and fd.Yu can als research ways t trim(削减) yur budget and lk int strategies fr bsting yur incme.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过图表介绍了美国人在各个年龄段的储蓄金额。
1.Accrding t the chart,fr thse between 35 and 44,wh have the mst in savings?
A.Singles with children.
B.Singles withut children.
C.Cuples with children.
D.Cuples withut children.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据柱状图可知,35~44岁的人群中,有孩子的夫妇存款最多。故选C项。
2.Accrding t Greg McBride,at least hw much mney shuld be set aside fr a family with nly ne persn wh earns mney?
A.3 mnths’ expenses.
B.6 mnths’ expenses.
C.9 mnths’ expenses.
D.12 mnths’ expenses.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中Greg McBride所说的话可知,对于只有一人养家糊口的家庭,要预留9~12个月的花费,所以至少要有9个月。
3.Which clumn f a newspaper is this article prbably frm?
A.Business and trade.
B.Saving and investing.
C.Health and wellness.
D.Emplyment and retirement.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据全文大意,文章通过图表介绍了美国人在各个年龄段的储蓄金额,可以推断这篇文章应该来自报纸中的“Saving and investing(储蓄和投资)”专栏。
B
(2024广东惠州一模)
As a child,Jhn always wndered hw the human bdy wrked and hw he culd keep it healthy.His interest in medicine grew strnger when he vlunteered at a children’s hspital during high schl.The never-give-up spirit f yung patients battling against varius illnesses massively affected him.Initially,he chse nursing in cllege,believing it wuld lead him t wrk clsely with children.But after his first half year,he recgnized nursing wasn’t fit fr him.
Switching t bilgy helped him discver his passin fr learning abut the cmplexities f human bdy and using that knwledge t help children.Althugh the thught f the lengthy educatin and residency required fr pediatrics(儿科学) made him hesitant,a heart-t-heart cnversatin with his brther changed his mind.His brther cnvinced Jhn that his passin shuld mtivate him rather than scare him.It was then that Jhn decided t becme a pediatrician because f the simple fact that he wuld wrk with children every day,and wuld make a psitive impact n their lives and their families.
Pediatrics is nt just abut regular check-ups,it als includes making sick kids feel better and helping them heal.This brings s much jy t Jhn’s heart.T him,he is nt nly a dctr but als a teacher,ffering a safe space fr the little nes t pen up and share their fears r cncerns.Plus,he really enjys being a friendly and easy-t-talk-t persn in their lives.
Being a pediatrician gives Jhn the rewarding experience f helping and interacting with children daily and making thse little nes’ tugh times easier.Als,the changing wrld f healthcare means he’ll always be learning new things and facing exciting challenges.With his future plans,he wants t get int the field f being a physician assistant—a stepping stne that keeps him invlved in pediatric care while still engaged in direct interactin with yung patients.It allws him t d lts f the same things as a pediatrician,as well as helps him imprve skills that are vital fr making kids healthier.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jhn从小对人体的运作和健康感兴趣,高中时在儿童医院志愿服务增强了他的医学热情。虽然最初选择护理,但转学生物后,他决定成为儿科医生,为孩子们的生活带来积极影响。
4.What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first paragraph?
A.He began t have an interest in medicine during high schl.
B.He decided t wrk n nursing after graduatin frm cllege.
C.He gt inspired by yung patients when vlunteering at a hspital.
D.He was curius abut hw the dctrs wrk t keep peple healthy.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The never-give-up spirit f yung patients battling against varius illnesses massively affected him.”可知,从第一段中可了解到Jhn在医院做义工时受到年轻病人的启发。
5.Why did Jhn chse the career as a pediatrician?
A.T learn abut the cmplexities f human bdy.
B.T bring abut imprvements in children’s lives.
C.T get rewarding experience f helping children.
D.T face the challenges making him hesitant and scared.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中“It was then that Jhn decided t becme a their lives and their families.”可知,Jhn选择了儿科医生的职业是因为他想改善儿童的生活。
6.Which f the fllwing best describes Jhn’s feeling twards being a pediatrician?
A.Excited but tired.
B.Wrthy but stressful.
C.Prud and delighted.
D.Cncerned and mved.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中“This brings s much jy t Jhn’s heart.”以及第四段中“Being a pediatrician gives thse little nes’ tugh times easier.”可知,Jhn对成为一名儿科医生的感受是自豪和喜悦的。
7.What’s the text mainly abut?
A.Jhn’s jurney f pursuing a career in pediatrics.
B.Jhn’s challenges and rewards as a pediatrician.
C.A cmparisn between pediatricians and nurses.
D.The imprtance f imprving the health f children.
答案 A
解析 主旨大意题。根据第二段中“It was then that Jhn decided t becme a their lives and their families.”并结合全文可知,文章主要讲述了Jhn从小对人体的运作和健康感兴趣,高中时在儿童医院志愿服务增强了他的医学热情。虽然最初选择护理,但转学生物后,他决定成为儿科医生,为孩子们的生活带来积极影响。A项具有高度概括性,符合全文语境。故选A项。
C
(2024安徽合肥二模)
Sme languages are rapid-fire and thers mre unhurried but there is n difference in the speed at which infrmatin is shared,accrding t the new research.
The wrld’s 7000 r s languages differ greatly nt nly in their range f available phnemes—the units f sund that make up speech,but als in the pace at which these building blcks are thrwn tgether in speech.But the new research int the infrmatin cntent in speech shws that languages allw their speakers t cmmunicate abut the same amunt f infrmatin per secnd despite wide variatins in the speed f speech.
T understand this better,researchers led by Christphe Cupé frm the University f Lyn and Yn Oh frm the University f Canterbury studied recrdings f 170 native adult speakers f 17 Eurpean and Asian languages.Each speaker read a set f standardized texts cntaining abut 240,000 syllables(音节).The researchers fund that the fastest language hit 9.1 syllables per secnd,and the slwest a mere this was cancelled ut by the amunt f infrmatin,measured in bits,that each syllable cntained.This varied significantly frm 4.8 bits per syllable fr Basque t 8.0 bits per syllable fr Vietnamese.
The study fund languages that pack a lt f infrmatin int sunds and syllables tend t be spken mre slwly,while thse with a lw infrmatin density(密度) are delivered mre rapidly.While speech rate and infrmatin density fluctuate(波动) widely,the infrmatin rate—the speed at which infrmatin is delivered—stays cnsistently arund 39.15 bits per secnd.
The researchers say this appears t represent a ptimal(最佳的) rate fr giving and receiving infrmatin.Languages seem t stably inhabit an ptimal range f infrmatin rates,away frm the extremes that can still be available t individual speakers.Of curse,nt everybdy speaks at the ptimal infrmatin rate.We all knw peple wh talk t quickly r slwly,and the new research may cast light n why we find listening t them hard wrk.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了语言学领域的最新研究成果,尽管各语言语速各异,但信息传递效率却基本一致。
8.What has the new research fund ut?
A.Languages tend t cnvey infrmatin with similar efficiency.
B.Languages have nearly the same range f available phnemes.
C.The number f languages has gradually decreased t abut 7000.
D.The speed f speech is determined by the infrmatin cntent.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But the new research int the infrmatin cntent in speech speed f speech.”可知,新研究发现语言倾向于以相似的效率传递信息。故选A项。
9.What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A.A further explanatin f the research methds.
B.A brief intrductin f the research prcess.
C.Ptential applicatin f the research findings.
D.Supprting evidence fr the research results.
答案 B
解析 段落大意题。根据文章第三段“T understand this Basque t 8.0 bits per syllable fr Vietnamese.”可知,第三段主要讲述了研究团队如何进行实验,包括他们选择的参与者、实验材料以及实验发现的一些具体数据,因此,这一段是对研究过程的简要介绍。
10.What can we learn frm the finding f Christphe’s study?
A.Mre wrds in speech cnvey mre infrmatin.
B.The infrmatin rate remains at a reasnable level.
C.The speech rate can affect the infrmatin density.
D.Languages with mre syllables are delivered faster.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第四段尾句可知,从Christphe的研究中我们能得知语言的信息率保持在合理水平。故选B项。
11.What can be inferred abut the ptimal infrmatin rate?
A.It can lead t smth cmmunicatin.
B.It may result in the difficulty f listening.
C.It stays the same fr individual speakers.
D.It prevents speakers frm ging t extremes.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Languages seem available t individual speakers.”可推知,最优信息速率可以避开个体说话者的极端速率,能够使沟通顺畅。
D
A brwn and dry lawn is nt smething many gardeners wuld bast abut.But that is exactly the kind f yard cmpetitin rganizers in Sweden were lking fr when they launched the prize fr the “Wrld’s Ugliest Lawn”.Peple frm arund the wrld were invited t pst pictures f their dehydrated(脱水的) grass t scial media in a bid t win the uncertain hnr.
The intentin,accrding t thse behind the prject,was t raise awareness f “saving water n a glbal scale by changing the nrm fr green lawns”.Lawns,which can require large amunts f water t maintain,are cming under increasing examinatin as climate change makes perids f drught mre frequent and intense.
The glbal initiative was launched n the fficial website fr Gtland in Sweden.“Huge amunts f water are used t water lawns fr aesthetics(美学).As the wrld gets warmer,lack f water in urban areas is prjected t affect up t 2.4 billin peple by 2050.By nt watering lawns fr aesthetic reasns,we can prtect the availability f grundwater,” the cmpetitin rganizers said.
The unlikely title has been awarded t Kathleen Murray wh lives in Sandfrd in Tasmania,Australia.Accrding t the rganizers,Murray’s lawn “basts deep and dry divts created by three wild bandicts(袋狸) and nt ne dust-cvered decimeter is wasted n watering”.Murray said in the press release abut her triumph,“I am terribly prud!I knew I wuld have my 5 minutes f fame,even if it was fr having the ugliest lawn n the planet!I am nw free f ever taking care f my lawn again.”
A press release by the Gtland,ffice added,“Fr the planet and its declining stckpiles f life-giving liquid,thank yu,Kathleen,as well as thse naughty bandicts damaging yur lawn fr the greater gd.” Organizers added,“Gtland aims t shw t Sweden and the wrld that sustainable behavir desn’t have t be dull.”
【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻稿。文章主要介绍瑞典庭院比赛组织者推出“世界上最丑草坪”奖。
12.What can we say abut the yard cmpetitin rganized in Sweden?
A.Peple had even dubted its authenticity.
B.Peple wrldwide were unwilling t jin.
C.Its participants must be prfessinal gardeners.
D.Its entries must agree with the existing aesthetics.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。由文章第一段内容可推测,该奖项不是常规奖项,所以人们甚至怀疑它的真实性。
13.What is the purpse f this yard cmpetitin?
A.T call n peple t prtect lawns.
B.T encurage peple t be creative.
C.T challenge the nrm f aesthetics.
D.T remind peple f water shrtage.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。由文章第二段内容可知,这场庭院比赛的目的是提醒人们注意缺水问题。
14.What des the underlined wrd “triumph” in paragraph 4 mean?
A.Ambitin. B.Success.
C.Srrw.D.Barrier.
答案 B
解析 词句猜测题。由文章第四段中的“The unlikely title has been awarded t Kathleen Murray wh lives in Sandfrd in Tasmania,Australia.”可知,Kathleen Murray获得“世界上最丑草坪”奖,所以画线单词的句子应表示Murray在新闻稿中谈到了她的获奖的成功,所以猜测triumph表“成功”。
15.What can be the best title fr the text?
A.Peple’s Whelming Reactin T A Yard Cntest In Sweden
B.Lawns And Rare Bandicts Calling Fr Urgent Prtectin
C.A Lawn Named The Ugliest Glbally All Fr A Gd Cause
D.The Wrld’s Ugliest Lawn Unaccepted By The Whle Wrld
答案 C
解析 标题归纳题。由文章第一段内容以及下文可知,文章主要介绍瑞典庭院比赛组织者为了提醒人们注意缺水问题,推出“世界上最丑草坪”奖。所以C项“A Lawn Named The Ugliest Glbally All Fr A Gd Cause(一块草坪被评为全球最丑陋草坪,只为做一件好事)”符合语境。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2024江西新余二模)
Hw lng des it take t becme an elite(精英) in yur field? 16 That’s what Jhn Hayes,a cgnitive psychlgy prfessr at Carnegie Melln University,wanted t knw.
Fr decades,Hayes has been investigating the rle f effrt,practice and knwledge in tp perfrmers. 17 The research fcused n peple like Mzart and Picass—t determine hw lng it tk them t becme wrld-class at their craft.
Let’s talk abut what Hayes has discvered abut wrld-class perfrmers.And mre imprtantly,let’s discuss hw yu can use these insights t achieve yur gals and becme yur best.
18 He analyzed thusands f musical pieces prduced frm 1685 t 1900.The central questin that drve his wrk was,“Hw lng after ne becmes interested in music is it that ne becmes wrld-class?” Eventually,Hayes develped a list f 500 pieces f “masterwrks” in the field,which were created by a ttal f 76 cmpsers.
Hayes mapped ut the timeline f each cmpser’s career. 19 What he discvered was that virtually every single “masterwrk” was written after the tenth year f the cmpser’s career.Nt a single persn prduced incredible wrk withut putting in a decade f practice first.Even a genius like Mzart had t wrk fr at least ten years befre he prduced smething that became ppular. 20
In fllw-up studies,Hayes fund similar patterns amng famus painters and ppular pets.These findings have been further cnfirmed by research frm prfessrs like K.Anders Ericssn,wh prduced research that revealed that yu needed t put in “10,000 hurs” t becme an elite r expert in yur field.
A.It takes time t achieve yur gals.
B.And what d peple like ding in their spare time?
C.He has studied the mst talented creatrs in histry.
D.Hayes started his research by examining successful cmpsers.
E.Prfessr Hayes began t refer t this perid as the “ten years f silence”.
F.And what d the successful peple d differently than the rest f us?
G.And then he calculated hw lng they had been wrking befre they created their ppular wrks.
答案与解析
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Jhn Hayes教授对于成为顶级精英所需时间的研究。通过分析莫扎特、毕加索等大师的作品,Hayes发现几乎所有杰作都是在创作者生涯的第十年后诞生的,强调了“十年沉默期”的重要性。
16.F 上文“Hw lng des it take t becme an elite(精英) in yur field?”以及下文“That’s what Jhn Hayes,a cgnitive psychlgy prfessr at Carnegie Melln University,wanted t knw.”说明Jhn Hayes想要知道需要多久能成为所在领域的精英。空处和上文并列提出关于精英的问题,并引出下文。F项“成功人士与我们其他人有什么不同之处?”符合语境。
17.C 上文“Fr decades,Hayes has been investigating the rle f effrt,practice and knwledge in tp perfrmers.”说明Hayes教授多年研究顶尖表演者所付出的努力、练习和知识的作用。空处顺接上文,继续说明他的研究特点或范围,并引出下文。C项中的He指代上文中的Hayes,“the mst talented creatrs”和下文中的“peple like Mzart and Picass”相呼应,所以C项“他研究了历史上最有才华的创作者。”符合语境。
18.D 设空处下文说明本段主要介绍了Jhn Hayes研究了世界级表演者,以及如何利用这些见解实现目标。所以D项“Hayes的研究始于考察成功的作曲家”符合语境,适合引出本段,该项中的“by examining successful cmpsers”和下文中的“He analyzed thusands f musical pieces”相呼应。
19.G 上文“Hayes mapped ut the timeline f each cmpser’s career.”说明Hayes绘制了每位作曲家的职业生涯时间线。空处顺承上文,进一步描述他之后的分析步骤。G项中的they 指代上文中的“cmpsers”,说明Jhn Hayes计算了作曲家们创作流行作品之前工作了多长时间。所以G项“然后他计算了他们创作流行作品之前下了多长时间功夫。”符合语境。
20.E 上文“Nt a single persn prduced incredible that became ppular.”说明几乎所有“杰作”都是在作曲家职业生涯的第十年后产生的。空处对前面的现象进行总结性命名。E项中的“this perid”指代上文中的“wrk fr at least ten years befre he prduced smething that became ppular”,所以E项“Hayes教授开始将这段时期称为‘十年沉默期’。”符合语境。故选E项。
A
(2024江西鹰潭二模)
This chart shws hw much mney Americans have in savings at every age.
The typical American husehld has an average f $8,863 in an accunt at a bank r credit unin,accrding t a recent reprt frm Bankrate that analyzed inflatin-adjusted data frm the Federal Reserve.That’s purely in liquid savings,s it desn’t include retirement funds r ther investments.
Hwever,that amunt varies greatly by age and husehld type.
Savings vary widely by husehld type and age
Fr many families,this amunt f savings falls shrt,sme experts warn.“The ultimate destinatin shuld be enugh t cver six mnths’ expenses,perhaps 9 t 12 mnths fr sle breadwinners r self-emplyed individuals,” Greg McBride,CFA and chief financial analyst fr Bankrate.cm,says in the reprt.
“Here’s the thing with emergency mney:Mre is always better,” best-selling authr and c-funder f AE Wealth Management David Bach tells CNBC Make It.“Yu hear all the time experts say,yu shuld have three mnths f expenses set aside.Well,it depends.In the recessin,when peple lst their jbs,three mnths f expenses set aside wasn’t enugh.”
Meanwhile,ther research has fund that 60 percent f millennials dn’t have enugh mney t cver a $1,000 emergency.
In additin t building yur emergency fund,yu shuld aim t put arund 15 percent f yur incme twards retirement savings,accrding t the financial services cmpany Fidelity.
If yu want t put mre away each mnth,start by cutting back n Americans,three biggest expenses:husing,transprtatin and fd.Yu can als research ways t trim(削减) yur budget and lk int strategies fr bsting yur incme.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过图表介绍了美国人在各个年龄段的储蓄金额。
1.Accrding t the chart,fr thse between 35 and 44,wh have the mst in savings?
A.Singles with children.
B.Singles withut children.
C.Cuples with children.
D.Cuples withut children.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据柱状图可知,35~44岁的人群中,有孩子的夫妇存款最多。故选C项。
2.Accrding t Greg McBride,at least hw much mney shuld be set aside fr a family with nly ne persn wh earns mney?
A.3 mnths’ expenses.
B.6 mnths’ expenses.
C.9 mnths’ expenses.
D.12 mnths’ expenses.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中Greg McBride所说的话可知,对于只有一人养家糊口的家庭,要预留9~12个月的花费,所以至少要有9个月。
3.Which clumn f a newspaper is this article prbably frm?
A.Business and trade.
B.Saving and investing.
C.Health and wellness.
D.Emplyment and retirement.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据全文大意,文章通过图表介绍了美国人在各个年龄段的储蓄金额,可以推断这篇文章应该来自报纸中的“Saving and investing(储蓄和投资)”专栏。
B
(2024广东惠州一模)
As a child,Jhn always wndered hw the human bdy wrked and hw he culd keep it healthy.His interest in medicine grew strnger when he vlunteered at a children’s hspital during high schl.The never-give-up spirit f yung patients battling against varius illnesses massively affected him.Initially,he chse nursing in cllege,believing it wuld lead him t wrk clsely with children.But after his first half year,he recgnized nursing wasn’t fit fr him.
Switching t bilgy helped him discver his passin fr learning abut the cmplexities f human bdy and using that knwledge t help children.Althugh the thught f the lengthy educatin and residency required fr pediatrics(儿科学) made him hesitant,a heart-t-heart cnversatin with his brther changed his mind.His brther cnvinced Jhn that his passin shuld mtivate him rather than scare him.It was then that Jhn decided t becme a pediatrician because f the simple fact that he wuld wrk with children every day,and wuld make a psitive impact n their lives and their families.
Pediatrics is nt just abut regular check-ups,it als includes making sick kids feel better and helping them heal.This brings s much jy t Jhn’s heart.T him,he is nt nly a dctr but als a teacher,ffering a safe space fr the little nes t pen up and share their fears r cncerns.Plus,he really enjys being a friendly and easy-t-talk-t persn in their lives.
Being a pediatrician gives Jhn the rewarding experience f helping and interacting with children daily and making thse little nes’ tugh times easier.Als,the changing wrld f healthcare means he’ll always be learning new things and facing exciting challenges.With his future plans,he wants t get int the field f being a physician assistant—a stepping stne that keeps him invlved in pediatric care while still engaged in direct interactin with yung patients.It allws him t d lts f the same things as a pediatrician,as well as helps him imprve skills that are vital fr making kids healthier.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jhn从小对人体的运作和健康感兴趣,高中时在儿童医院志愿服务增强了他的医学热情。虽然最初选择护理,但转学生物后,他决定成为儿科医生,为孩子们的生活带来积极影响。
4.What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first paragraph?
A.He began t have an interest in medicine during high schl.
B.He decided t wrk n nursing after graduatin frm cllege.
C.He gt inspired by yung patients when vlunteering at a hspital.
D.He was curius abut hw the dctrs wrk t keep peple healthy.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The never-give-up spirit f yung patients battling against varius illnesses massively affected him.”可知,从第一段中可了解到Jhn在医院做义工时受到年轻病人的启发。
5.Why did Jhn chse the career as a pediatrician?
A.T learn abut the cmplexities f human bdy.
B.T bring abut imprvements in children’s lives.
C.T get rewarding experience f helping children.
D.T face the challenges making him hesitant and scared.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中“It was then that Jhn decided t becme a their lives and their families.”可知,Jhn选择了儿科医生的职业是因为他想改善儿童的生活。
6.Which f the fllwing best describes Jhn’s feeling twards being a pediatrician?
A.Excited but tired.
B.Wrthy but stressful.
C.Prud and delighted.
D.Cncerned and mved.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中“This brings s much jy t Jhn’s heart.”以及第四段中“Being a pediatrician gives thse little nes’ tugh times easier.”可知,Jhn对成为一名儿科医生的感受是自豪和喜悦的。
7.What’s the text mainly abut?
A.Jhn’s jurney f pursuing a career in pediatrics.
B.Jhn’s challenges and rewards as a pediatrician.
C.A cmparisn between pediatricians and nurses.
D.The imprtance f imprving the health f children.
答案 A
解析 主旨大意题。根据第二段中“It was then that Jhn decided t becme a their lives and their families.”并结合全文可知,文章主要讲述了Jhn从小对人体的运作和健康感兴趣,高中时在儿童医院志愿服务增强了他的医学热情。虽然最初选择护理,但转学生物后,他决定成为儿科医生,为孩子们的生活带来积极影响。A项具有高度概括性,符合全文语境。故选A项。
C
(2024安徽合肥二模)
Sme languages are rapid-fire and thers mre unhurried but there is n difference in the speed at which infrmatin is shared,accrding t the new research.
The wrld’s 7000 r s languages differ greatly nt nly in their range f available phnemes—the units f sund that make up speech,but als in the pace at which these building blcks are thrwn tgether in speech.But the new research int the infrmatin cntent in speech shws that languages allw their speakers t cmmunicate abut the same amunt f infrmatin per secnd despite wide variatins in the speed f speech.
T understand this better,researchers led by Christphe Cupé frm the University f Lyn and Yn Oh frm the University f Canterbury studied recrdings f 170 native adult speakers f 17 Eurpean and Asian languages.Each speaker read a set f standardized texts cntaining abut 240,000 syllables(音节).The researchers fund that the fastest language hit 9.1 syllables per secnd,and the slwest a mere this was cancelled ut by the amunt f infrmatin,measured in bits,that each syllable cntained.This varied significantly frm 4.8 bits per syllable fr Basque t 8.0 bits per syllable fr Vietnamese.
The study fund languages that pack a lt f infrmatin int sunds and syllables tend t be spken mre slwly,while thse with a lw infrmatin density(密度) are delivered mre rapidly.While speech rate and infrmatin density fluctuate(波动) widely,the infrmatin rate—the speed at which infrmatin is delivered—stays cnsistently arund 39.15 bits per secnd.
The researchers say this appears t represent a ptimal(最佳的) rate fr giving and receiving infrmatin.Languages seem t stably inhabit an ptimal range f infrmatin rates,away frm the extremes that can still be available t individual speakers.Of curse,nt everybdy speaks at the ptimal infrmatin rate.We all knw peple wh talk t quickly r slwly,and the new research may cast light n why we find listening t them hard wrk.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了语言学领域的最新研究成果,尽管各语言语速各异,但信息传递效率却基本一致。
8.What has the new research fund ut?
A.Languages tend t cnvey infrmatin with similar efficiency.
B.Languages have nearly the same range f available phnemes.
C.The number f languages has gradually decreased t abut 7000.
D.The speed f speech is determined by the infrmatin cntent.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But the new research int the infrmatin cntent in speech speed f speech.”可知,新研究发现语言倾向于以相似的效率传递信息。故选A项。
9.What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A.A further explanatin f the research methds.
B.A brief intrductin f the research prcess.
C.Ptential applicatin f the research findings.
D.Supprting evidence fr the research results.
答案 B
解析 段落大意题。根据文章第三段“T understand this Basque t 8.0 bits per syllable fr Vietnamese.”可知,第三段主要讲述了研究团队如何进行实验,包括他们选择的参与者、实验材料以及实验发现的一些具体数据,因此,这一段是对研究过程的简要介绍。
10.What can we learn frm the finding f Christphe’s study?
A.Mre wrds in speech cnvey mre infrmatin.
B.The infrmatin rate remains at a reasnable level.
C.The speech rate can affect the infrmatin density.
D.Languages with mre syllables are delivered faster.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第四段尾句可知,从Christphe的研究中我们能得知语言的信息率保持在合理水平。故选B项。
11.What can be inferred abut the ptimal infrmatin rate?
A.It can lead t smth cmmunicatin.
B.It may result in the difficulty f listening.
C.It stays the same fr individual speakers.
D.It prevents speakers frm ging t extremes.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Languages seem available t individual speakers.”可推知,最优信息速率可以避开个体说话者的极端速率,能够使沟通顺畅。
D
A brwn and dry lawn is nt smething many gardeners wuld bast abut.But that is exactly the kind f yard cmpetitin rganizers in Sweden were lking fr when they launched the prize fr the “Wrld’s Ugliest Lawn”.Peple frm arund the wrld were invited t pst pictures f their dehydrated(脱水的) grass t scial media in a bid t win the uncertain hnr.
The intentin,accrding t thse behind the prject,was t raise awareness f “saving water n a glbal scale by changing the nrm fr green lawns”.Lawns,which can require large amunts f water t maintain,are cming under increasing examinatin as climate change makes perids f drught mre frequent and intense.
The glbal initiative was launched n the fficial website fr Gtland in Sweden.“Huge amunts f water are used t water lawns fr aesthetics(美学).As the wrld gets warmer,lack f water in urban areas is prjected t affect up t 2.4 billin peple by 2050.By nt watering lawns fr aesthetic reasns,we can prtect the availability f grundwater,” the cmpetitin rganizers said.
The unlikely title has been awarded t Kathleen Murray wh lives in Sandfrd in Tasmania,Australia.Accrding t the rganizers,Murray’s lawn “basts deep and dry divts created by three wild bandicts(袋狸) and nt ne dust-cvered decimeter is wasted n watering”.Murray said in the press release abut her triumph,“I am terribly prud!I knew I wuld have my 5 minutes f fame,even if it was fr having the ugliest lawn n the planet!I am nw free f ever taking care f my lawn again.”
A press release by the Gtland,ffice added,“Fr the planet and its declining stckpiles f life-giving liquid,thank yu,Kathleen,as well as thse naughty bandicts damaging yur lawn fr the greater gd.” Organizers added,“Gtland aims t shw t Sweden and the wrld that sustainable behavir desn’t have t be dull.”
【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻稿。文章主要介绍瑞典庭院比赛组织者推出“世界上最丑草坪”奖。
12.What can we say abut the yard cmpetitin rganized in Sweden?
A.Peple had even dubted its authenticity.
B.Peple wrldwide were unwilling t jin.
C.Its participants must be prfessinal gardeners.
D.Its entries must agree with the existing aesthetics.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。由文章第一段内容可推测,该奖项不是常规奖项,所以人们甚至怀疑它的真实性。
13.What is the purpse f this yard cmpetitin?
A.T call n peple t prtect lawns.
B.T encurage peple t be creative.
C.T challenge the nrm f aesthetics.
D.T remind peple f water shrtage.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。由文章第二段内容可知,这场庭院比赛的目的是提醒人们注意缺水问题。
14.What des the underlined wrd “triumph” in paragraph 4 mean?
A.Ambitin. B.Success.
C.Srrw.D.Barrier.
答案 B
解析 词句猜测题。由文章第四段中的“The unlikely title has been awarded t Kathleen Murray wh lives in Sandfrd in Tasmania,Australia.”可知,Kathleen Murray获得“世界上最丑草坪”奖,所以画线单词的句子应表示Murray在新闻稿中谈到了她的获奖的成功,所以猜测triumph表“成功”。
15.What can be the best title fr the text?
A.Peple’s Whelming Reactin T A Yard Cntest In Sweden
B.Lawns And Rare Bandicts Calling Fr Urgent Prtectin
C.A Lawn Named The Ugliest Glbally All Fr A Gd Cause
D.The Wrld’s Ugliest Lawn Unaccepted By The Whle Wrld
答案 C
解析 标题归纳题。由文章第一段内容以及下文可知,文章主要介绍瑞典庭院比赛组织者为了提醒人们注意缺水问题,推出“世界上最丑草坪”奖。所以C项“A Lawn Named The Ugliest Glbally All Fr A Gd Cause(一块草坪被评为全球最丑陋草坪,只为做一件好事)”符合语境。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2024江西新余二模)
Hw lng des it take t becme an elite(精英) in yur field? 16 That’s what Jhn Hayes,a cgnitive psychlgy prfessr at Carnegie Melln University,wanted t knw.
Fr decades,Hayes has been investigating the rle f effrt,practice and knwledge in tp perfrmers. 17 The research fcused n peple like Mzart and Picass—t determine hw lng it tk them t becme wrld-class at their craft.
Let’s talk abut what Hayes has discvered abut wrld-class perfrmers.And mre imprtantly,let’s discuss hw yu can use these insights t achieve yur gals and becme yur best.
18 He analyzed thusands f musical pieces prduced frm 1685 t 1900.The central questin that drve his wrk was,“Hw lng after ne becmes interested in music is it that ne becmes wrld-class?” Eventually,Hayes develped a list f 500 pieces f “masterwrks” in the field,which were created by a ttal f 76 cmpsers.
Hayes mapped ut the timeline f each cmpser’s career. 19 What he discvered was that virtually every single “masterwrk” was written after the tenth year f the cmpser’s career.Nt a single persn prduced incredible wrk withut putting in a decade f practice first.Even a genius like Mzart had t wrk fr at least ten years befre he prduced smething that became ppular. 20
In fllw-up studies,Hayes fund similar patterns amng famus painters and ppular pets.These findings have been further cnfirmed by research frm prfessrs like K.Anders Ericssn,wh prduced research that revealed that yu needed t put in “10,000 hurs” t becme an elite r expert in yur field.
A.It takes time t achieve yur gals.
B.And what d peple like ding in their spare time?
C.He has studied the mst talented creatrs in histry.
D.Hayes started his research by examining successful cmpsers.
E.Prfessr Hayes began t refer t this perid as the “ten years f silence”.
F.And what d the successful peple d differently than the rest f us?
G.And then he calculated hw lng they had been wrking befre they created their ppular wrks.
答案与解析
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Jhn Hayes教授对于成为顶级精英所需时间的研究。通过分析莫扎特、毕加索等大师的作品,Hayes发现几乎所有杰作都是在创作者生涯的第十年后诞生的,强调了“十年沉默期”的重要性。
16.F 上文“Hw lng des it take t becme an elite(精英) in yur field?”以及下文“That’s what Jhn Hayes,a cgnitive psychlgy prfessr at Carnegie Melln University,wanted t knw.”说明Jhn Hayes想要知道需要多久能成为所在领域的精英。空处和上文并列提出关于精英的问题,并引出下文。F项“成功人士与我们其他人有什么不同之处?”符合语境。
17.C 上文“Fr decades,Hayes has been investigating the rle f effrt,practice and knwledge in tp perfrmers.”说明Hayes教授多年研究顶尖表演者所付出的努力、练习和知识的作用。空处顺接上文,继续说明他的研究特点或范围,并引出下文。C项中的He指代上文中的Hayes,“the mst talented creatrs”和下文中的“peple like Mzart and Picass”相呼应,所以C项“他研究了历史上最有才华的创作者。”符合语境。
18.D 设空处下文说明本段主要介绍了Jhn Hayes研究了世界级表演者,以及如何利用这些见解实现目标。所以D项“Hayes的研究始于考察成功的作曲家”符合语境,适合引出本段,该项中的“by examining successful cmpsers”和下文中的“He analyzed thusands f musical pieces”相呼应。
19.G 上文“Hayes mapped ut the timeline f each cmpser’s career.”说明Hayes绘制了每位作曲家的职业生涯时间线。空处顺承上文,进一步描述他之后的分析步骤。G项中的they 指代上文中的“cmpsers”,说明Jhn Hayes计算了作曲家们创作流行作品之前工作了多长时间。所以G项“然后他计算了他们创作流行作品之前下了多长时间功夫。”符合语境。
20.E 上文“Nt a single persn prduced incredible that became ppular.”说明几乎所有“杰作”都是在作曲家职业生涯的第十年后产生的。空处对前面的现象进行总结性命名。E项中的“this perid”指代上文中的“wrk fr at least ten years befre he prduced smething that became ppular”,所以E项“Hayes教授开始将这段时期称为‘十年沉默期’。”符合语境。故选E项。
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