第17讲 根据情景写句子（课件）- 2024年中考英语一轮复习课件（全国通用）

这是一份第17讲 根据情景写句子（课件）- 2024年中考英语一轮复习课件（全国通用），共50页。PPT课件主要包含了中考英语一轮复习策略，中考一轮复习讲练测，复习目标，网络构建，知识梳理题型归纳，真题感悟，PART ONE，夯基·必备基础知识，根据情景写句子，命题规律等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1、抓基础、重应用、强化词句的积累和运用。要求学生重视并充分利用每单元学案、课本上的重点词汇、短语和句型，以及每单元的综合训练，认真对其辨析、总结和归纳，查漏补缺，坚持积累，最重要的是能够在合适的语境中正确、灵活地运用。保证课堂高效。2、抓课堂、重效率、要求学生紧跟老师的节奏。一轮复习是将重点知识提炼，容量大，速度快。所以，学生的思路必须时时刻刻跟随着老师的思路，要快速地用脑思，用心听、用嘴说，用手写，才能达到高效。3、抓自习、重过程、增强得分的意识。学案都是在规定的时间内完成，重视规范的做题步骤，重视思考过程。更重要的是，做完题后要对做过的题目进行反思、整理。4、抓阅读、重反思、全面提高成绩。得阅读者得天下。阅读是强化英语思维的最佳途径之一。5、抓时间，重效果，扎实做好每个复习环节。一轮复习时间紧，任务重，需要同学们充分抢抓时间，利用时间，紧跟复习进度。同时，重视复习效果，做到做一件事，有一点收获。
第17讲 根据情景写句子
1.熟悉计划与愿望、周围环境、日常活动、个人情感和人际关系的用语2.掌握简单有效的解题策略和正确的解题步骤3.提升必考题型归纳
根据情景写句子主要考查：日常交际用语,如:问候、介绍、问路、看病、购物、就餐、祝愿、打电话、谈天气等情景中的固定句式和习惯表达方式。熟悉中西方文化的差异,掌握不同民族的交际习惯,摆脱中文思维模式,是解答情景交际题的有效方法。英语谚语的考查也在最近几年的考试题中经常出现。在平时学习过程中应进行广泛的阅读和积累,理解不同谚语的字面意思及深层含义。解题时还要注意题目提供的背景。
一、提问类(可以这样问)用来询问对方具体事物,中文题干多为“你想……/你想知道……,可以这样问”,答案均以特殊疑问词(词组)引导,如:What, When/What time, Wh, Where, Hw, Why, Hw ften, Hw much, Hw far, Hw sn等。此类题目要注意中文题干中关键词与英文疑问词的对应转换,如:做什么=What,在哪儿/找不到=Where,什么时候/几点=When/What time,方式/怎么样=Hw,为何=Why,多久……一次=Hw ften,价格/多少钱=Hw much,距离/多远=Hw far等。
(1)特殊疑问句类:句式结构为“特殊疑问词+助动词+主语+谓语+其他?/特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+其他?”。如:What d yu want t drink?你想要喝什么?(2)一般疑问句类:句式结构为“助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其他?/Be动词+主语+其他?”。如:D yu like ging fishing?你喜欢钓鱼吗?Can yu help me?你可以帮我吗?Is this yur watch?这是你的手表吗?
(3)there be句型:句式结构为“Be动词+there+主语+地点状语?”。如:Excuse me, is there a hspital near here?打扰一下,附近有医院吗?
熟记“问”字句型:①问天气:What’s the weather like tday?/Hw is the weather tday?②问时间:What’s the time?/What time is it?③问职业:What’s yur father?/What’s yur father’s jb?/What des yur father d?④问价格:What’s the price f the bk?/Hw much is the bk?/Hw much des the bk cst?/Hw much shuld I pay fr the bk?
⑤问年龄:Hw ld are yu?/What’s yur age?⑥问地址:Where d yu live?/What’s yur address?⑦问姓名:What’s yur name?/Culd I have yur name, please?/Can yu tell me yur name?⑧问词意:What’s the meaning f the wrd?/What des the wrd mean?⑨问单位:Where d yu wrk?
⑩问爱好:What’s yur hbby?/What’s yur d yu like best?/Which d yu prefer?问感受:What d yu think f the bk?/Hw d yu like the bk?问数量:Hw many peple are there in yur family?/Hw much water d yu drink every day?问人口:What’s the ppulatin f China?/Hw many peple are there in China?/Hw large is the ppulatin f China?
问路线:Which is the way t the htel?/D yu knw the way t the htel?/Can yu tell me the way t the htel?/Hw can I get t the htel?/Where is the htel?/Is there a htel near here?问尺寸:What size is yur cat?/What size d yu want?/What size d yu need?/What size d yu like?问距离:Hw far is yur hme frm here?问星期:What day is it tday?问高度:Hw tall are yu?/What’s yur height?/Hw high is the muntain?问宽度:Hw wide is the river?
二、陈述类(可以这样说)用来介绍事物特征或客观描述,相当于翻译句子,中文题干多为“某人……,你可以这样介绍/你可以这样说”或“你想告诉别人……,你可以这样说”。答案多为陈述句,也有祈使句或感叹句。(1)陈述句:通常考查“主+谓+宾”或“主+系+表”结构,可结合专题九简单句中的陈述句学习。如:I usually g t schl by bus.我经常乘公共汽车上学。(2)祈使句:通常考查“Dn’t+动词原形”或“Let’s+动词原形”句式结构,可结合专题九简单句中的祈使句学习。如:
Dn’t speak ludly in the library.不要在图书馆大声说话。Let’s g hme tgether.让我们一起回家吧。(3)感叹句:通常有两种引导词:Hw和What,可结合专题九简单句中的感叹句学习。如:What a beautiful present(it is)!多么漂亮的一件礼物啊!Hw fine the weather is!天气真好!
三、应答类(可以这样回答/对他说)用来考查交际用语中的对话答语,常在一定的情境中进行。中文题干多为“别人对你说……,你应该这样回答/应答/对他说”,答案多为固定情境中的答语。
1.问候(1)A:Hell./Hi.B:Hell./Hi.(2)A:Hell.Hw are yu?B:Fine,thank yu.And(hw are)yu?A:Very well,thank yu.(3)A:Gd mrning/afternn/evening.B:Gd mrning/afternn/evening.(4)A:Hi,Jim!Nice t see yu!B:Hi,Li Lei.Nice t see yu again!(5)A:Hi,Sam!Hw are yu tday?B:Oh,hell,Lin Ta.Fine,thanks.What abut yu?(6)Please say hell t yur parents.Please give my best wishes t yur parents.
2.介绍自我介绍(1)A:My name is Li Yan.Glad t meet yu.B:Nice t meet yu.My name is Huang Ta.(2)A:Excuse me.What’s yur(full)name,please?B:My name is Rbert Thmas Brwn.A:May I call yu Rbert?B:Certainly./Of curse.
介绍他人(1)A:This is Mr.Huang.B:Hw d yu d?C:My name is Lin Ping.Hw d yu d?(2)A:This is Mr.Huang.B:Nice t meet yu.C:Glad t meet yu.注意:在交际场合里,介绍常常伴随着问候,可参照问候用语。
3.告别告别前,客方表示要离开的常用语(1)I’m afraid I must leave nw./I’m afraid I must g nw.(2)I think it’s time fr me t leave nw./I think it’s time fr us t g nw.双方相互道别时的用语(1)Gdbye!/Bye-bye!/Bye!(2)See yu later./See yu tmrrw./See yu.(3)Gd night.
4.感谢和应答感谢某人(1)Thank yu./Thanks a lt./Thank yu very much.(2)Thank yu fr yur help.(3)It’s very kind/nice f yu.(4)Thank yu anyway/all the same.回答感谢时的答语(1)It’s a pleasure./It’s my pleasure.(2)That’s OK./That’s all right.(3)Yu’re welcme. (4)Nt at all.
5.道歉当要麻烦别人时(1)Excuse me,please.(2)I beg yur pardn.做错某事时(1)Srry. (2)I’m srry fr...(3)I’m srry that...
回答道歉时的答语(1)That’s all right.(2)That’s OK.(3)Never mind.(4)It’s nthing.(5)It desn’t matter.
6.邀请和应答表示邀请的用语(1)Will yu cme t my party?(2)Wuld yu like t g fr a walk?(3)May I invite yu t dinner?(4)Hw/What abut ging fr a walk?(5)Shall we (6)Let’s (7)Will/Wuld/Can/Culd yu cme
接受邀请时的用语(1)Yes,I’d like/lve t.(2)Yes,it’s very kind f yu.(3)That wuld be nice.(4)Gd idea./It’s a gd idea./That sunds gd.拒绝邀请时的用语(1)N,thank yu.(2)I’d lve/like t,but...
7.请求和应答表请求(1)May (2)Can/Culd (3)Wuld yu mind if (4)Can/Culd yu please (5)I wnder if I culd/can (6)Wuld yu mind 表肯定的答语(1)Sure./Certainly./Of curse.(2)Yes,please./G ahead, please.(3)Of curse,yu can. (4)N prblem.(5)That’s OK/all right.
表否定的答语(1)I’m afraid nt.(2)I’m srry,but yu mustn’t/can’t.(3)Yu’d better nt.
8.祝愿、祝贺和应答祝愿、祝贺用语(1)Have a gd day/time/jurney/trip!(2)Gd luck!(3)Enjy yurself!(4)Best wishes fr yu!(5)Happy New Year!(6)Merry Christmas!(7)Happy Birthday!(8)Cngratulatins!(9)Well dne!应答(1)Thank yu.(2)The same t yu.
9.提供帮助和应答提供帮助(1)Can I help yu?/What can I d fr yu?(2)Wuld yu like me t help yu?(3)Let me help yu.肯定回答(1)Yes,please.(2)Yes,thanks. (3)Thank yu fr yur help.(4)Thank yu.That wuld be nice. (5)That’s very kind f yu.否定回答(1)N,thanks/thank yu.(2)That’s very kind/nice f yu,but I can manage it myself.(3)Thank yu all the same.
10.约会约会前询问对方有无空闲时间(1)Are yu free this afternn/evening/Sunday?(2)D yu have any(free) 常用答语(1)Yes,I’ll be free then.(2)N,I wn’t be free then.But I’ll be free tmrrw.提出约会时间、地点以征求对方意见(1)Hw abut tmrrw mrning?(2)Shall we meet at 3:00 the schl gate?常用答语(1)OK/All right.(2)All right,see yu then.11.电话用语
12.就餐主人常用语(1)What wuld yu like t have?(2)Wuld yu like smething t drink?(3)Help yurself t sme chicken. (4)Wuld yu like sme mre rice?客人常用语(1)Yes,I’d like a drink.(2)I’d like rice and chicken.(3)Just a little,please. (4)Can I have sme mre sup?(5)It’s s delicius.Thank yu.(6)N,thank yu.I’ve had enugh.(7)I’m full,thank yu.
13.看病医生诊断常用语(1)What’s the matter/wrng?(2)What seems t be the truble?(3)D yu have a fever?(4)Hw lng have yu been like this?(5)It’s nthing serius.(6)Take this medicine three times a day.(7)Yu’ll be all right/well sn.病人叙述病情(1)I feel terrible/bad. (2)I dn’t feel well. (3)I’ve gt a cugh/headache.(4)I’ve gt a pain here. (5)There’s smething wrng with my eyes.(6)It hurts here. (7)I can’t sleep well.
14.购物售货员常用语(1)Can/May I help yu?(2)What can I d fr yu?(3)Hw many/much wuld yu like?(4)What clr/size/kind wuld yu like?(5)What abut this ne?(6)Here’s yur change.
顾客常用语(1)I want/I’d like a pair f shes.(2)Hw much is it/are they?/What’s the price f it?/Hw much des it cst?(3)May I try it/them n?(4)It’s/They are t big.(5)Srry,it’s/they’re t expensive.(6)D yu have any ther clrs/sizes/kinds?(7)Tw and a half kils/punds,please.(8)That’s fine.I’ll take it.(9)Just have a lk. (10)Well,I’ll think abut it.
15.问路和应答问路用语(1)Excuse me,where is the nearest pst ffice?(2)Excuse me,can yu tell me the way t the nearest pst ffice?　(3)Excuse me,hw can I get t the nearest pst ffice?(4)Excuse me,which bus ges t the Peple’s Park?(5)Excuse me, which is the way (6)Excuse me, is here?(7)Excuse me, culd yu tell me hw I can get
应答(1)It’s ver there.(2)It’s abut 50 meters frm here.(3)G dwn this street until yu see the tall red building.(4)Turn right/left at the first/secnd crssing/crner.(5)Yu can’t miss it.(6)Yu can take Bus N.103.(7)Yu’d better take a taxi.(8)Srry,I dn’t knw.I’m a stranger here.(9)It’s abut 20 minutes’ walk.
16.谈论天气询问天气情况(1)What’s the weather like tday?(2)Hw’s the weather in Beijing?描述天气情况(1)What a cld/ht day tday!(2)It’s a nice/fine/beautiful/hrrible day tday.(3)It’s sunny/cludy/windy/rainy/snwy/fggy.(4)It’s getting cl/cld/warm/ht.
17.语言交际困难(1)Pardn?/I beg yur pardn?(2)Srry,I can’t fllw yu.(3)Culd yu say it again?(4)Culd yu speak mre slwly?(5)Hw d yu English?(6)I dn’t knw hw t say that in English.(7)I dn’t knw the wrd in English.(8)Hw d yu spell it,please?(9)I’m srry,I nly knw a little English.
18.提醒注意(1)Dn’t frget yur raincat.(2)Remember t lck the dr.(3)Mind yur head/step!(4)N smking!/N spitting!(5)Wet flr!(6)Lk ut!/Be careful!(7)Dn’t tuch!(8)It’s dangerus!
19.劝告(1)Yu’d better g t see the dctr.(2)Yu shuld listen t and read English every day.(3)Yu need t buy a Chinese-English dictinary.(4)Dn’t rush/hurry/push.(5)Please stand in line.20.建议(1)Let’s g and have a lk.(2)What/Hw abut a picnic this Sunday?(3)Why dn’t yu buy a cmputer?
1．（2023·福建·统考中考真题）你对自己所做的事情感到抱歉时，可以这样说： _________________________fr what I did.【答案】I’m srry【详解】我可以这样说：“我为我所做的事感到抱歉。” 表示“我很抱歉”，应用I’m srry。故填I’m srry。2．（2023·福建·统考中考真题）朋友问你“Wuld yu like tea r cffee?”时，你可以这样应答：________________________ 【答案】I’d/I wuld like tea/cffee.【详解】原句是选择疑问句，需要选择其一去回答。因此可以这么回答：我想要茶/咖啡。wuld like表示“想要”；tea“茶”；cffee“咖啡”；I wuld=I’d。故填I’d/I wuld like tea/cffee.
3．（2023·福建·统考中考真题）你想询问对方的健康情况，可以这样问：_________________?【答案】Hw are yu feeling【详解】Hw are yu feeling“你感觉怎么样”，可用来询问对方的健康情况，故填Hw are yu feeling。
4．（2023·福建·统考中考真题）你看到神舟十六号载人飞船发射成功时，会这样赞叹：________________________ !【答案】Hw great China is【详解】看到神舟十六号载人飞船发射成功可以说“中国是多么伟大啊”，great“伟大”；China“中国”；此句为感叹句，中心词为形容词great，应该用句型Hw+形容词+主语+谓语，主语为China，是单数，谓语应该用be动词is。故填Hw great China is。
5．（2023·福建·统考中考真题）上课前老师对你说“Gd afternn.”时，你可以这样应答：______________.【答案】Gd afternn【详解】可以这样回答“下午好”。表示“下午好”应用Gd afternn。故填Gd afternn。
6．（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）A:______ ?B: He is handsme with blue eyes.【答案】What des he lk like/What’s he like【详解】根据“He is handsme with blue eyes.”可知，此处是询问他的外貌长相，故填What des he lk like/What’s he like。7．（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）A: When is Natinal Day?B:______________ .【答案】It’s n Octber 1st/On Octber 1st【详解】根据问句“When is Natinal Day?”可知，这里应该是回答国庆节具体的日期，故填It’s n Octber 1st/On Octber 1st。
8．（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）A: ________ ?B: It’s rainy.【答案】What’s the weather like/What’s the weather like tday/Hw’s the weather/Hw’s the weather tday【详解】根据“It’s rainy.”可知，此处是询问天气，故填What’s the weather like/What’s the weather like tday/Hw’s the weather/Hw’s the weather tday。
69．（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）A: ____________?B: I want t jin the swimming club.【答案】What club d yu want t jin【详解】根据“I want t jin the swimming club.”可知，问句应该是问对方要加入什么俱乐部，故填What club d yu want t jin。
10．（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）—Wuld yu mind me sitting here?—____________ . Sit dwn, please.【答案】Certainly nt/Of curse nt【详解】根据“Wuld yu mind me sitting here?”以及“Sit dwn, please.”可知，这里是回答不介意，故填Certainly nt/Of curse nt。