第15讲 句型转换(讲义)-2024年中考英语一轮复习讲义(全国通用)
展开中考总复习一般分为三轮:
1、第一轮复习为基础知识的单元、章节复习。通过第一轮的复习,使学生系统掌握基础知识、基本技能和方法,形成明晰的知识网络和稳定的知识框架。
2、第二轮复习打破章节界限实行大单元、小综合、专题式复习。第二轮复习绝不是第一轮复习的压缩文档,而是一个知识点综合、巩固、完善、提高的过程。复习的主要任务及目标是:完成各部分知识的条 理,归纳,糅合,使各部分知识成为一个有机的整体。
3、第三轮复习是知识、能力深化巩固的阶段。复习资料的组织以中考题及模拟题为主,回扣教材,查缺补漏,进行强化训练。同时,要教给学生一些必备的应试技巧和方法,使学生有足够的自信从容地面对中考。
►第15讲 句型转换(讲义)
【复习目标】
1.掌握肯定句改成否定句
2.掌握陈述句改一般疑问句
3.掌握对划线部分提问
4.掌握简单有效的解题策略和正确的解题步骤
【考情分析】
句型转换命题规律
句型转换是中学英语基础训练的典型题型,也是中考必考的重点题型之一。在历年的中考中,句型转换题所占的分值一直挺大,而且有愈来愈高之势。这是因为这种题型可以有效地帮助学生理解并巩固所学的句型,掌握各种句型的内在含义,帮助学生掌握各种句型的句式结构和不同句式的变化技巧,理解并掌握句型与句型间的相互转换规律。只要学生掌握了句型转换的本质含义和解题技巧,不仅能熟练地运用各种句式和句型进行口头表达,还能够熟练地做句型转换题,把所学的句型和句式举一反三,灵活运用,这样就把口头运用转换成了笔头运用,从而培养了学生的综合语言运用能力。
【题型特点】
句型转换在中考中往往以两种形式进行考查。第一种是按要求完成句型转换。第二种是同义句转换。其中,按要求进行句型转换题包括陈述句改一般疑问句、就画线部分提问和改为反意疑问句、改为否定句、感叹句等。同义句改写往往涉及到主动变被动、同义词转换、句子合并等内容。
句型转换的解题方式
肯定句改成否定句
1.有be动词的句子在be动词后面加nt
There are sme flwers. →There aren’t any flwers
有情态动词的句子在其后加nt
Yu must g with us. 你必须同我们一起去。 → Yu mustn’t g with us. 你不能同我们一起去。
在现在完成时中的have、has + nt,把already改成yet
He has been t Beijing already. He has nt been t Beijing yet?
4.一般实意动词的否定式,应根据不同人称在实意动词之前加上d/des,然后再加nt进行否定(即加上dn’t或desn’t)一二人称复数人称加dn’t;单三人称加desn’t。
I put a bk n my head.我把书放到头上。→ I dn’t put a bk n my head. 我没把书放到头上。
总结:怎样把肯定句变成否定句:
⑴ 在句子中的be动词后直接加nt。be动词包括am is are was were been。
⑵ 在句子中的情态动词后直接加nt。句子中的情态动词包括can may must。
⑶ 如果句子中没有be动词或情态动词,就要找句中的实义动词。在实义动词前加助动词的否定形式。主语是一二人称及复数人称时加dn’t;主语是第三人称单数形式加desn’t。加了desn’t后句子中原本的动词三单形式要还原。
注意:⑴ sme,many 变 any ⑵ 动词三单还原问题。
二、陈述句改一般疑问句
1.把句子中的be(am is are was were)动词提前到句首。
This is yur penpal. 这是你的笔友。→Is this yur penpal? 这是你的笔友吗?
2.把句子中的情态动词提前到句首。句子中的情态动词包括can,may,must,will,shuld。
She can play basketball.→ Can she play basketball.
3.在现在完成时中的have、has 提前,把already改成yet
He has been t Beijing already. Has he been t Beijing yet?
如果句子中没有be动词或情态动词,就要在句首加助动词帮助其变成一般疑问句。主语是一二人称及复数人称时加D;主语是第三人称单数形式加Des。加了Des后句子中原本的动词三单形式要还原
Jim likes cllecting stamps. 吉姆喜欢集邮。→Des Jim like cllecting stamps? 吉姆喜欢集邮吗?
总结:把陈述句变成一般疑问句:
⑴ 把句子中的be动词提前到句首。
⑵ 把句子中的情态动词提前到句首。
⑶ 如果句子中没有be动词或情态动词,就要在句首加助动词帮助其变成一般疑问句。主语是一二人称及复数人称时加D;主语是第三人称单数形式加Des。加了Des后句子中原本的动词三单形式要还原。
注意:
⑴ 据点变问号。
⑵ 句中的第一人称变成相应的第二人称。
⑶ sme,many 变 any
⑷ 动词三单还原问题。
三、对划线部分提问
特殊疑问句= 疑问词+一般疑问句
疑问词
1.问“谁”用wh;
2.问“谁的”,用whse;
3.问“地点哪里”,用where;
4.问“原因”,用why;
5.问“身体状况”,用hw;
6.问“方式”,用hw;
7.问“年龄”,用hw ld;
8.问“多少”,用hw many;
9.问"价钱”用hw much;
10.问“哪一个”,用which ;
11.问“什么”,用what;
12.问“职业”,用what;
13.问“颜色”,用what clur;
14.问“星期”,用what day;
15.问什么学科,用what subject;
16.问“什么时候”,用when;
17.问几点What's the time?或 What time is it?
对划线部分提问的步骤:
一改:一般疑问词;
二找:找特殊疑问词代替划线部分;
三去:去掉划线部分
四加:如果划线部分是动词,去掉后要+d或ding
同义句改写
同义句改写往往涉及到主动变被动、同义词转换、句子合并等内容。
1、词汇的同义转换
词汇的同义转换主要有同义词、近义词的转换,反义词的转换,和同一个词在不同的句式中的不同的语序的转换等。
2.句型的同义转换
常见的句型的同义转换主要有以下几种形式:简单句和简单句的互换,简单句和祈使句的互换,复合句和简单句的互换,复合句和复合句的互换等。
句型转换的解题技巧
1 细审原题,弄清要求。解题时首先应很好地审阅原题,对原题中的时态、主语、形式等认真加以解析,做到心中有数,明确解题要求。
2.上下联系,抓住关健。注意上、下句之间的联系.,抓住关健部分,慎重检查改写后的句子中的词汇、时态、习惯用语中的变换是否正确。
1.(2023·重庆渝中·重庆巴蜀中学校考模拟预测)The quilt n the bed is range. (对划线部分提问)
is the quilt n the bed?
2.(2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考模拟预测)The Greens used t stay in a htel by the sea n family hlidays. (对划线部分提问)
did the Greens t stay n family hlidays?
3.(2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考模拟预测)The shes are 200 dllars. (对划线部分提间)
are the shes?
4.(2023·甘肃陇南·统考三模)My uncle plans t buy a rbt s that he can have mre free time. (对划线部分提问)
yur uncle plan t buy a rbt?
5.(2023·甘肃平凉·校考三模)A yung man was making shes near the dr.(就划线提问)
was the yung man near the dr?
6.(2023·甘肃陇南·统考一模)Mrs. White has been t China twice. (对划线部分提问)
times has Mrs. White been t China?
7.(2023·重庆江北·校考三模)The Brwns have been married fr 50 years. (对划线部分提问)
have the Brwns been married?
8.(2023·重庆北碚·西南大学附中校考三模)This ntebk is Nancy’s. (对划线部分提问)
this ntebk?
9.(2023·重庆铜梁·重庆市巴川中学校校考二模)Jack will arrive in Shanghai in tw days. (对划线部分提问)
will Jack arrive in Shanghai?
10.(2023·重庆九龙坡·重庆实验外国语学校校考二模)The talent shw will begin in 20 minutes. (对划线部分提问)
will the talent shw begin?
11.(2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考一模)The plice succeeded in finding the criminal in a week. (对划线部分提问)
the plice succeed in finding in a week?
12.(2023·重庆九龙坡·重庆实验外国语学校校考一模)Our schl will build a new library next year. (对划线部分提问)
yur schl build a new library?
13.(2023·重庆·校联考二模)The schl is 15 minutes’ walk frm my hme.(对划线部分提问)
is it frm the schl t yur hme?
14.(2023·甘肃白银·统考三模)Jenny usually plays badmintn t keep healthy. (对划线部分提问)
Jenny usually keep healthy?
15.(2023·重庆綦江·校联考一模)I seldm g t schl late.(对划线部分提问)
d yu g t schl late?
16.(2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆南开中学校考一模)The train leaves the statin at 10 a.m. every day. (对划线部分提问)
des the train leave the statin every day?
17.(2023·四川达州·统考二模)The detective interviewed Ben t get sme infrmatin.(对划线部分提问)
the detective interview Ben?
18.(2023·重庆巴南·统考一模)His father wrked in a factry five years ag.(对划线部分提问)
his father wrk five years ag?
19.(2023·上海徐汇·统考二模)AI technlgy has brught great changes t peple’s daily life. (对划线部分提问)
AI technlgy brught t peple’s daily life?
20.(2023·上海黄浦·统考二模)The headmaster greeted August with a big smile and pen arms. (对划线部分提问)
the headmaster greet August?
21.(2023·新疆乌鲁木齐·统考一模)This kind f scarf is made f silk. (对划线部分提问)
this kind f scarf made f?
22.(2023·上海松江·统考一模)My laptp is abut the size f yur textbk. (对划线部分提问)
is yur laptp?
23.(2023·上海浦东新·统考一模)The rm n the tp flr has a better view f the Huangpu River.(对划线部分提问)
has a better view f the Huangpu River?
24.(2023·上海普陀·统考一模)The audience in the back rw std up in rder t get a better view. (对划线部分提问)
the audience in the back rw stand up?
25.(2023·新疆喀什·统考一模)We need a spn f hney. (就划线部分提问)
hney d yu need?
26.(2023·重庆渝中·重庆巴蜀中学校考模拟预测)He’s already put sme salt in the sup. (改为否定句)
He any salt in the sup yet.
27.(2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考模拟预测)He’s beaten the ther five students in the singing cmpetitin. (改为否定句)
He the ther five students in the singing cmpetitin.
28.(2023·重庆大渡口·统考一模)They are suppsed t greet each ther. (改为否定句)
They t greet each ther.
29.(2023·甘肃平凉·校考模拟预测)Smetimes he has lunch at schl. (改为否定句)
Smetimes he lunch at schl.
30.(2023·甘肃陇南·统考一模)I used t walk t schl n weekdays. (改为否定句)
I t walk t schl n weekdays.
31.(2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆一中校考三模)The news abut the aliens spread acrss the cuntry like wildfire. (改为否定句)
The news abut the aliens acrss the cuntry like wildfire.
32.(2023·重庆江北·校考三模)Mary will g t the Palace Museum with her family tmrrw. (变否定句)
Mary t the Palace Museum with her family tmrrw.
33.(2023·重庆九龙坡·重庆实验外国语学校校考三模)Jey has already eaten the birthday cake.(改为否定句)
Jey the birthday cake yet.
34.(2023·重庆永川·统考一模)Yur parents can cme t ur schl.(改为否定句)
Yur parents t ur schl.
35.(2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考三模)He will slve the prblem by himself.(改为否定句)
He slve the prblem by himself.
36.(2023·重庆长寿·校联考一模)He read the stry carefully just nw.(变成否定句)
He the stry carefully just nw.
37.(2023·重庆北碚·西南大学附中校考三模)Susan has a big huse with a swimming pl. (改为否定句)
Susan a big huse with a swimming pl.
38.(2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆一中校考一模)He brke the windw by chance yesterday.(改为否定句)
He the windw by chance yesterday.
39.(2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考一模)They used t g t the beach every summer. (变为否定句)
They t g t the beach every summer.
40.(2023·重庆九龙坡·重庆实验外国语学校校考一模)My father bught a guitar fr me yesterday. (改为否定句)
My father a guitar fr me yesterday.
41.(2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考一模)They set ut n their trip t Lndn tw days ag. (改为一般疑问句)
they ut n their trip t Lndn tw days ag?
42.(2023·黑龙江牡丹江·统考二模)Mike used t be afraid f speaking in public.(改为一般疑问句)
Mike t be afraid f speaking in public?
43.(2023·新疆喀什·统考二模)Peple used t eat tw meals a day. (改为一般疑问句)
peple t eat tw meals a day?
44.(2023·新疆阿克苏·统考二模)Luke used t walk t schl. (改为一般疑问句)
Luke t walk t schl?
45.(2023·上海浦东新·统考三模)The cartns abut friend “ship” becme very ppular n the Internet. (改为一般疑问句)
the cartns abut friend “ship” very ppular n the Internet?
46.(2023·上海青浦·统考二模)Lucy wants t be an astrnaut like Wang Yaping. (改为一般疑问句)
Lucy t be an astrnaut like Wang Yaping?
47.(2023·甘肃平凉·校考三模)The pliceman tld the bys nt t play ftball in the street.(变为一般疑问句)
the pliceman the bys nt t play ftball in the street?
48.(2023·新疆乌鲁木齐·乌市一中校考模拟预测)He hurt himself by accident. (改为一般疑问句)
he himself by accident?
49.(2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆一中校考二模)The panda Yaya has already cme back frm the US. (改为一般疑问句)
the panda Yaya cme back frm the US ?
50.(2023·上海徐汇·统考二模)The by nticed a few mistakes frm a vide abut wild animals. (改为一般疑问句)
the by a few mistakes frm a vide abut wild animals?
1.(2023·新疆·中考真题)My father takes me t the Old Peple’s Hme nce a mnth. (对划线部分提问)
des yur father take yu t the Old Peple’s Hme?
2.(2023·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题)Shenzhu ⅩⅥ set ut successfully n May 30, 2023.(对划线部分提问)
Shenzhu ⅩⅥ set ut successfully?
3.(2023·甘肃白银·统考中考真题)Tara wants t jin the Sprts Club. (对划线部分提问)
des Tara want t jin?
4.(2023·甘肃白银·统考中考真题)I like red best. (对画线部分提问)
What is yur ?
5.(2023·重庆·统考中考真题)The students planted trees in the park last week.(对划线部分提问)
the students plant trees last week?
6.(2023·重庆·统考中考真题)Yur parents are waiting fr yu at hme.(对划线部分提问)
yur parents waiting fr yu?
7.(2023·四川达州·统考中考真题)The tw sessins, China’s biggest plitical event, are held during the spring every year.(对划线部分提问)
the tw sessins, China’s biggest plitical event, held every year?
8.(2022·上海·统考中考真题)It is abut 20 kilmetres frm ur schl t the Natinal Frest Park.(对划线部分提问)
is it frm ur schl t the Natinal Frest Park?
9.(2022·江苏南通·统考中考真题)Every day the by ges t schl n ft t g green. (对划线部分提问)
the by g t schl every day t g green?
10.(2022·贵州黔西·统考中考真题)Tm ges t the schl library t brrw bks nce a week. (就划线部分提问)
des Tm g t the schl library t brrw bks?
11.(2022·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题)Shenzhu XIV has stayed in space fr abut a mnth s far. (对划线部分提问)
has Shenzhu XIV stayed in space s far?
12.(2022·黑龙江·统考中考真题)The pht near the dr is the best. (就划线部分提问)
is the best?
13.(2022·甘肃·统考中考真题)Tm ges t schl with his best friend every day. (对画线部分提问)
Tm g t schl with every day?
14.(2022·新疆·统考中考真题)We will g t Beijing n summer vacatin.(对画线部分提问)
yu g n summer vacatin?
15.(2022·四川达州·统考中考真题)I ften run five kilmeters in the mrning t keep healthy.(对划线部分提问)
d yu ften run in the mrning t keep healthy?
16.(2022·重庆·统考中考真题)They will learn cking at schl next term. (对划线部分提问)
they learn cking at schl?
17.(2022·重庆·统考中考真题)They have P.E. fur times a week nw. (对划线部分提问)
d they have P.E. nw?
18.(2023·新疆·中考真题)I learned paper cutting frm my teacher. (改为一般疑问句)
yu paper cutting frm yur teacher?
19.(2023·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题)Culd yu shw me hw I can use the sweeping rbt?(改为简单句)
Culd yu shw me use the sweeping rbt?
20.(2023·甘肃白银·统考中考真题)Linda has had the bike fr 2 years. (改为一般疑问句)
Linda the bike fr 2 years?
21.(2023·甘肃白银·统考中考真题)Cindy went t Shanghai last weekend. (改为否定句)
Cindy t Shanghai last weekend.
22.(2023·重庆·统考中考真题)Tim is reading Jurney t the West.(改为否定句)
Tim Jurney t the West.
23.(2023·重庆·统考中考真题)Tina finishes her hmewrk befre 6 ’clck every day.(改为否定句)
Tina her hmewrk befre 6 ’clck every day.
24.(2022·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题)Sally cut ut her pictures n DingTalk by mistake just nw. (改为否定句)
Sally ut her pictures n DingTalk by mistake just nw.
25.(2022·新疆·统考中考真题)Life is just like a jurney f discvery.(改为一般疑问句)
life just a jurney f discvery?
26.(2022·四川达州·统考中考真题)Michael shut the dr after hearing the news.(改为否定句)
Michael the dr after hearing the news.
27.(2022·重庆·统考中考真题)I was ding my hmewrk at seven last night.(变成否定句)
I my hmewrk at seven last night.
28.(2018·贵州·统考中考真题)Tm des mrning exercises every day. (改为否定句)
Tm mrning exercises every day.
目录
一
复习目标
掌握目标及备考方向
二
考情分析
句型转换中考考情分析
三
句型转换
的考向
1.肯定句改成否定句
2.陈述句改一般疑问句
3.对划线部分提问
4.掌握简单有效的解题策略和正确的解题步骤
5.提升必考题型归纳
四
真题感悟
中考句型转换经典考题精选
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