高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 6 Earth first同步练习题

这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 6 Earth first同步练习题，共4页。
Many factrs cntributed t the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an eclgist wh was the lead authr f the study. Wdcutters targeted big trees. Husing develpment pushed int the wds. Aggressive wildfire cntrl has left Califrnia frests crwded with small trees that cmpete with big trees fr resurces（资源）.
But in cmparing a study f Califrnia frests dne in the 1920s and 1930s with anther ne between 2001 and 2010, Mclntyre and his clleagues dcumented a widespread death f big trees that was evident even in wildlands prtected frm wdcutting r develpment.
The lss f big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shrtage. The researchers figured ut water stress with a cmputer mdel that calculated hw much water trees were getting in cmparisn with hw much they needed, taking int accunt such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness f sil, and the timing f snwmelt（融雪）.
Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factrs driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees t lse mre water t the air, and earlier snwmelt, which reduces the water supply available t trees during the dry seasn.
1. What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A. The seriusness f big-tree lss in Califrnia.
B. The increasing variety f Califrnia big trees.
C. The distributin f big trees in Califrnia frests.
D. The influence f farming n big trees in Califrnia.
2. Which f the fllwing is well-intentined but may be bad fr big trees?
A. Eclgical studies f frests.
B. Banning wdcutting.
C. Limiting husing develpment.
D. Fire cntrl measures.
3. What is a majr cause f the water shrtage accrding t McIntyre?
A. Inadequate snwmelt.
B. A lnger dry seasn.
C. A warmer climate.
D. Dampness f the air.
4. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Califrnia’s Frests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gne?
B. Cutting f Big Trees t Be Prhibited in Califrnia Sn.
C. Why Are the Big Trees Imprtant t Califrnia Frests?
D. Patrick McIntyre: Grw Mre Big Trees in Califrnia.
答案：
【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了一项研究，该研究指出，加利福尼亚州的大树已经减少了一半之多。该研究还发现，导致大树数量减少的原因有许多，其中包括伐木业的发展、房地产开发、过度的野外火灾控制措施及由气候变化导致的缺水等。
1. A主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“The number f trees larger than tw feet acrss has declined by 50 percent n mre than 46,000 square miles f Califrnia frests... N area was spared r unaffected…”以及该段列举的数据可知，加利福尼亚州森林里的大树数量锐减，并且无一地区幸免。所以该段主要讲的是加利福尼亚州森林里的大树损失严重，故选A项。
【微技能】归纳段落大意的常用技巧
段落大意题是主旨大意题的一种，主要考查学生对某一段落的理解程度及把握该段落在整个语篇中所起作用的能力。一般针对该段落的主旨或目的设题，其常见的设问方式有：
What des the first/secnd/… paragraph mainly abut？
What’s the main idea f the first/secnd/…paragraph？
What is the key message f the first/secnd/…paragraph？
归纳段落大意的关键在于抓住该段的内容要点，常用的技巧有：
（1）寻找主题句。一般来说，文章段落的主题句通常在段首或段尾。这类文章一般段内层次较为分明，多为“总—分”或“分—总”结构；有时主题句也会出现在段落的中间，这时段落结构一般是：细节—主题一细节。把握段落的逻辑结构，要特别关注起过渡作用的词汇，如hwever，but，and，als，fr example，in cnclusin，n the cntrary等。
（2）通过关键词概括。有些段落没有明确的主题句，学生可以根据段落中的细节信息归纳段落大意。通过略读，选出最能表达作者意图的关键词，进而确定作者要表达的真正意思。
2. D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Aggressive wildfire cntrl has left Califrnia frests crwded with small trees that cmpete with big trees fr resurces.”可知，过度的野外火灾控制措施使加利福尼亚州森林中长满了与大树竞争资源的小树苗。由此可知，原本用意很好的火灾控制措施却给大树造成了威胁，故选D项。
3. C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的the biggest factrs driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees t lse mre water t the air, and earlier snwmelt, which reduces the water supply available t trees during the dry seasn可推知，导致加利福尼亚州森林缺水的最主要的因素是气温不断升高和积雪过早融化。前者会导致树木向空气中蒸腾更多水分，而后者会导致在干旱季节里对树木的水分供应量的减少。结合常识可知，气温升高和积雪过早融化是气候变暖导致的，故由此推知，导致森林缺水的主要因素是气候变暖，故选C项。
4. A主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了加利福尼亚州森林地区大树数量减少的现状，随后分析了大树总量减少的原因，故A项（加利福尼亚州的森林：大树都去哪里了？）最适合作为本文的标题。