人教版（2019）高中英语必修第三册Unit 3《Diverse Cultures》单元知识清单

这是一份人教版（2019）高中英语必修第三册Unit 3《Diverse Cultures》单元知识清单，共5页。

Unit 3 Diverse Cultures单元知识清单重点单词1．occur vi.发生；出现2．downtown adv.在市中心；往市中心3．mission n．传教(区)；重要任务；使命4．district n．地区；区域5．afterwards(NAmE usually afterward) adv.以后；后来6．seek vt.& vi.(sought，sought)寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求7．journal n．日志；日记；报纸；刊物8．claim vt.& n．夺取(生命)；宣称；断言9．escape vi.& vt.逃走；逃脱；避开 n．逃跑；逃脱；解脱10．fold vt.包；裹；折叠 vt.& vi.(可)折小；(可)叠平11．super adv.特别；格外adj.顶好的；超级的12．climate n．气候13．mild adj.温和的；和善的；轻微的14．material n．材料；布料；素材 adj.物质的；实际的15．clothing n．衣服；服装重点单词变形1．diverse adj.不同的；多种多样的→diversity n．差异(性)；不同(点)；多样性2．fortune n．机会；运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地3．admit vi.& vt.承认 vt.准许进入(或加入)→admission n．准许进入；承认；入场费4．definitely adv.肯定；确实→definite adj.明确的；无疑的5．historical adj.(有关)历史的→history n．历史→historic adj.有历史意义的；历史性的6．earn vt.& vi.挣得；赚得；赢得；博得→earning n．收入；收益7．immigrant n．(外来)移民；外侨→immigrate vi.移入；自外国移入→immigration n．移居入境；移民8．select vt.选择；挑选；选拔→selection n．选择；挑选→selective adj.选择性的；有选择的9．minority n．少数民族；少数派；少数人→minor adj.次要的；较小的10．financial adj.财政的；财务的；金融的→finance n．财政，金融11．poetry n．诗集；诗歌；诗作→poet n．诗人→poem n．诗歌12．poisonous adj.引起中毒的；有毒的；分泌毒素的→poison n．毒物；毒药；毒素 vt.毒死；毒害13．collection n．作品集；收集物；收藏品→collect vt.搜集；收藏14．settle vt.& vi.定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)→settlement n．解决；定居→settler n．殖民者；移居者15．construction n．建筑；建造；建造物；(句子、短语等的)结构→construct vt.建设；建造重点词组1．head to(朝……)前进；(向……)去2．seek one’s fortune寻找成功致富之路；闯世界3．earn a living谋生4．series of一系列或一连串(事件)5．apart from(especially NAmE aside from)除了……外(还)；此外6．bring about导致；引起7．to name but a few仅举几例8．(at) first hand第一手；亲自知识点讲解考点 1．fortune n. 机会；运气【词块拓展】(1)seek one’s fortune找出路;碰运气make a fortune发财try one’s fortune碰运气(2)fortunate adj.(=lucky)幸运的be fortunate to do sth 幸而做某事fortunately adv.幸运地(=luckily) [高考典句] (2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Orange trees are more than decoration;they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.橘子树不仅仅是装饰,它们还是好运和财富的象征。考点2．admit vi.& vt. 承认　vt. 准许进入(或加入)[教材原句]I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again. (P28)拓展•be admitted into/to被录取；被接收admit doing sth./having done sth.承认做过某事admit that...承认……admit sb./sth.to be＋adj./n.承认某人/某物(事)为……•admission n．承认；供认；入场费完美写作·单句写作·背诵既幽默又有耐心，程老师被认为是最好的老师之一。(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)Being humorous and patient，Mr Cheng was admitted to be one of the best teachers.考点3．occur vi. 发生；出现[教材原句] And what a city — a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906.(P28) 多么好的一座城市啊,一座在1906年地震后能够自我重建的城市。拓展occur vi.发生;出现•occur to sb.某人突然想到；想起It occurs to sb.that.../to do...某人突然想到……•表示“某人突然想到……”还常用下列句型：It strikes sb.that.../ It hits sb.that...注意：occur没有被动语态，不用于进行时。occur作谓语时，主语不能是人。 [高考典句]①[2020·新高考Ⅰ卷]John was thinking hard when a good idea occurred to him.②[2020·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写]他突然想到Bernard可以卖爆米花赚钱。It occurred to / hit/ struck him that Bernard could make some money by selling popcorn.考点4．seek vt. & vi. (sought, sought) 寻找；寻求; 争取；(向人)请求[教材原句] Over 300,000 people came from all over the world to seek their fortune, and San Francisco quickly became a big city. (P28)拓展 seek to do sth. 试图做某事 seek sth. from sb. 向某人请求/寻求某物 seek after / for 寻求; 追求, 寻找 seek out 找出，找到 seek one’s advice / help 征求意见/寻求帮助 seek a job 找工作 seek fame 追逐名利[2021·天津3月卷]Henry David Thoreau was happy to withdraw from social life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life.考点5．bring about 导致；引起拓展bring up 抚养;培养;教育;提出;呕吐bring down 降低;减少bring in 带进来;有收入;赚得;引入bring out 使显现;阐明;出版bring forward 提前考点6．escape vi.& vt. 逃走；逃脱；避开　n. 逃跑；逃脱；解脱拓展•escape from从……逃脱，从……逃跑escape (doing) sth.避开(做)某事escape being done逃避(被)做某事•have a narrow escape死里逃生完美写作·单句写作·背诵最后，我们九死一生，幸运地逃过了被那头饥饿的北极熊伤害。(2020·浙江，读后续写)At last，we had a narrow escape，fortunately escaping being hurt by the hungry polar bear.考点7．apart from 除…之外;此外Apart from being the kingdom of flowers,it is home to many ethnic minority groups.(P29)除了是花的王国以外,它(云南)还是许多少数民族的居住地。 (1)游泳,除了有趣和锻炼身体之外,还是一项很有用的技能。Apart from being fun and good exercise,swimming is a very useful skill.(2)除了一些拼写错误,这篇文章写得很不错。Apart from some spelling mistakes,the composition is fairly good.[用besides,except或except for代替下列句中的apart from](3)The road was empty apart from a few cars.except for (4)Will there be anyone else we know at the party apart from Will and Janet?besides(5)You can have any one of the cakes apart from this one.except考点8．settle vt.& vi. 定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)Historically,Chinese immigrants settled in the area during the railroad construction and gold rush period.(P32) 历史上,在铁路建设和淘金热时期,中国移民在这里定居下来。拓展(1)settle in/into sth适应(新家、工作、环境等)settle in...在……居住settle down定居;平静下来;专心于settle down to(doing) sth着手认真做某事(2)settler n.移民;殖民者settlement n.居留地,居民区,解决①[2021·全国甲卷] Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me.②[2020·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写]在卖完第一篮爆米花后，伯纳德开始着手学习如何做爆米花。Bernard settled down to learning how to make popcorn after selling out the first basket of popcorn.考点9．construction n. 建筑；建造；建造物；(句子、短语等的)结构拓展Construct v.建造;构筑;造(句)construction n.建筑;建造;建造物;(句子、短语等的)结构construction n.建筑;建造; under construction正在建造中 the construction industry建筑业 考点10．suit vt. 适合；满足……需要；相配；合身　n. 西服；套装There is Chinese food to suit everyone’s taste,with traditional dishes from all over China.(P32)这里有适合每个人口味的中餐,因为有来自中国各地的传统菜肴。【词块记忆】(1)suit sb. (fine) (很)合某人的意；对某人(很)合适suit ... to ... 使……适合/适应……suit oneself 随自己的意愿行事；自便(2)suitable adj. 适当的；相配的be suitable for/be fit for 适合；胜任be suitable to do ... 适合做……[例句](1)A good teacher suits his lessons to the age of his pupils.(2)The simplicity of the book makes it suitable (suit) for children.(3)The famous expert adapted his speech to suit (suit) the interests of his audience. (4)I want a suit of workmanship and suitable for formal meetings.(5)The size of the shirt fits me well and its color matches my tie,so it suits me.