中考英语讲义试卷练习专题32 短文填空 考点1 首字母填空（原卷版）

这是一份中考英语讲义试卷练习专题32 短文填空 考点1 首字母填空（原卷版），共11页。
(2024中考真题）
（2024·天津·中考真题）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
Lng ag, the early peple did nt live in huses as we d tday. Mst f the hmes were in caves r shelters (遮蔽物) which were built in trees. These ‘hmes’ were nly used as temprary (临时的) shelters t p 1 them frm the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the frests. Men f that time were called ‘cave peple’.
These ‘cave peple’ usually lived in small grups and life was nt e 2 fr them. They had t mve frm place t place t s 3 fr fd. They wuld hunt, fish r pick wild fruit. When they culdn’t find a 4 t eat, they wuld leave t find anther prper place. Their tls were very simple. They ate raw (生的) fd u 5 they learnt hw t make a fire. Fr clthing, they used nly the bark (树皮) f trees r the skins (皮) f animals t c 6 their bdies.
Hwever, the lives f the ‘cave peple’ changed. They cllected the seeds (种子) f wild plants that g 7 in the frests. Sn they learnt t plant fruit, vegetables and ther crps. They als kept cws, sheep and ther kinds f farm a 8 fr milk, meat and skins. They became f 9 and lived in nly ne certain area. Their grups became l 10 than befre as they lived mre settled (固定的) lives. They built huses as lng-lasting hmes, and as a result, villages and twns develped quickly. The ‘cave peple’ began t be civilized (文明的).
（2024·山东东营·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
Bear was busy making pies. When he wke up in spring, he wuld need them.
“Oh n!” cried Bear. “The berries (莓) have run ut. I must pick sme mre.”
Bear went t find mre berries. He walked till his ft ached, but he didn’t find any berries n 11 his hme.
S he decided t g deeper int the frest t lk fr berries. As he walked alng, he felt very h 12 . He had been s busy cking that he had eaten nthing all day.
As be walked, Bear met bis friend Raccn.
“D yu have say berries fr me?” asked Bear.
“Srry, but I can g 13 yu sme apples.” said Raccn.
“Yur apples are t sur.” said Bear.
Sn Bear met Squirrel.
“D yu have any berries fr me?” asked Bear.
“N,” said Squirrel. “But I have sme walnuts (核桃). Yu can have sme.”
“Thank yu.” said Bear. “But I d nt w 14 walnuts in my pies. I will keep searching fr berries.”
After a lt f effrt, Bear realized that there were n berries left.
Suddenly, snw began t fall. Bear raced hme. Then he jumped int bed. B 15 he culd nt sleep. He was s hungry.
“Oh dear.” said Bear. I will have t eat my pies. But if s, I will have n 16 fr spring. Bear was t hungry t wrry abut it. He ate up all the pies u 17 he felt full at last. Sn he was fast asleep. Bear slept fr many mnths.
Spring came. Bear w 18 up. He was very, very hungry.
Just then, Raccn and Squirrel came. They were each hlding a pie.
“Thse pies smell delicius.” said Bear.
“Oh. I dn’t think yu wuld like my sur apple pie.” said Raccn.
“And I am sure yu wuldn’t like my walnut pie.” said Squirrel.
When Bear pened his muth t speak, Raccn put sme apple pie in Bear’s m 19 .
“Yum, this is gd!” cried Bear.
Squirrel gave Bear sme walnut pie.
“Ww, walnut pie is great, t 20 ,” said Bear.
“Aren’t yu glad we educated yu abut pies?” said Squirrel.
“I am.” Bear said. “My next pies will have new fillings (馅).”
（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）
根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。
Cmmunity cnnects us with each ther. A cmmunity is a p 21 where peple live, wrk and play tgether. It’s just like a schl, where s 22 help each ther t learn. Peple in a cmmunity h 23 ne anther, t.
Peple in a cmmunity have different skills. They ften help neighbrs s 24 all kinds f prblems. Fr example, smetimes peple d nt feel well. The d 25 and nurses will make them feel better. There are als sme engineers. They may help peple f 26 their brken bicycles r washing machines. When peple dn’t knw what t wear t a party r hw t design their hmes, the artists will give them sme a 27 .
Sme cllege students wrk as vlunteers in their s 28 time. They ften d sme cleaning fr the ld peple and help students with their h 29 .
Cmmunity is nt a building r an rganizatin. It is like a big f 30 . Members f a cmmunity have a sense f trust, safety and caring fr each ther.
（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
Even thugh my grandfather was a farmer, my grandmther wuld irn his wrk clthes every day. Grandmther mixed up her wn starch (淀粉浆) in a glass b 31 with a metal cap that had several hles. She sprinkled Grandfather’s jeans with the starch, hung them ver a chair fr a few minutes, and then i 32 them.
Because I watched her d this thrugh my childhd, I thught every ld wman did it. But as the years passed, I began t questin this p 33 . Why did Grandfather need his wrk clthes irned? Mst days, he never saw anyne b 34 me and maybe a few ther farmers. The clthes became dirty in just a shrt time. Why did Grandmther s 35 devte time and effrt t irning Grandfather’s clthes that were rarely seen?
One day when I was abut 13, I asked Grandmther abut it. She tld me Grandfather was the mst handsme man in the wrld. Later that day, I lked c 36 at Grandfather. He sure didn’t lk s handsme t me. He was shrt and fat with false teeth (假牙). Later I tld her my thught.
She gave me a girlish smile and said, “Yu just aren’t lking in the right light, Cathy. I remember when he had r 37 teeth. He has the mst beautiful eyes I have ever seen. They are e 38 the same clr as the sky just befre the sun ges dwn. I want the wrld t see my h 39 as the mst beautiful man. I want him t feel beautiful. I irn his clthes every day because fr all these years, he has made me feel beautiful.”
The years went n, and I watched Grandmther and Grandfather grw ld tgether. I was prbably 30 when I u 40 what beauty really was. It was Grandmther irning Grandfather’s jeans with starch frm a glass bttle.
(2023中考真题）
（2023·山东东营·统考中考真题）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
My parents gt Arthur’s Family Laundrmat (洗衣店) frm my grandfather. It was a true family business. My father, my mther and my aunt were respnsible fr different jbs. E 1 my retired (退休的) grandfather helps with the cleaning nw and then.
My father said that the mst imprtant machine in the Laundrmat wasn’t the washing machine. It was the cffee pt by the dr. The cffee was free and almst every c 2 wuld have a cup and chat with my family while waiting fr their clean clthes. In the hurs a 3 schl r n weekends, it was my jb t keep the cffee pt full. At least ten times each day, I wuld clean up the wet cffee grunds (咖啡渣), weigh 40 g f cffee beans, fill the pt with water, and turn n the cffee machine. It was such a b 4 jb that I culd have dne it in my sleep.
I remember cmplaining ne busy day. “W 5 d we have t give away cffee? We’re a Laundrmat, nt a cffee shp!” I said angrily. My father was surprised at my attitude. At nce he s 6 what he was ding t talk t me. With a patient but serius expressin n his f 7 he spke:
“Sn, peple chse ur laundrmat b 8 we serve them like friends. We ffer them a cup f cffee. We chat with them, laugh with them and cnnect with them. Peple dn’t just need a p 9 t clean their clthes. They need friendship. That is why yur jb is the mst imprtant jb in the laundrmat.”
My father’s wrds had the expected effect. Frm then n, I d the jb mre c 10 . After all, I had the mst imprtant jb in the laundrmat.
（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文完整、通顺。
Ali has wrked and lived in Shandng Prvince fr almst six years. When his friends suggested g 11 t Rizha fr a tw-day trip, the first things that came int his mind were its beautiful beaches and nice seafd. Rizha certainly ges b 12 that! It is als “hmetwn f green tea” in nrthern China. Rizha l 13 in the sutheast f Shandng Prvince near the Yellw Sea. It has pleasant weather, rich sil, and enugh sunlight. All these make it s 14 fr grwing high-quality green tea. Ali had the chance t pick tea leaves fr the first time in his life. “This is the first time I’ve learned abut Chinese tea culture. It’s a new and exciting experience fr me. It’s fantastic!” Ali said with a smile n his f 15 .
（2023·广东广州·统考中考真题）
阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。
Tday is Duanwu Jie, r Dragn Bat Festival, ne f the mst imprtant festivals in China. Chinese peple r 16 the great patritic pet (爱国诗人) Qu Yuan by rwing dragn bats and making zngzi n this day.
My village is famus fr its great prtectin f traditinal c 17 and we have the best dragn bat race team f the city. Every year, villagers raise ur dragn bats frm under the river abut a mnth befre the festival. And then it is c 18 cleaned and repainted. Our dragn bat is already 40 years ld. Made f a special kind f wd, it is still strng enugh t l 19 fr a lng time.
This year, my elder brther is accepted int ur dragn bat race team as its yungest member. He’s nly 18, and I’m s p 20 f him.
（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
Peter Pan wishes Wendy, Jhn and Michael, especially Wendy, wuld stay in Neverland frever, but finally the Darling children decide t fly back hme and grw up.
“Quick, Tink,” Peter whispers. “S 1 the windw. Then when Wendy cmes back, she will think her mther desn’t lve her anymre, and she will return t Neverland with me.”
Mrs. Darling is playing the pian. Peter didn’t knw the tune, Hme, Sweet Hme, b 2 he knws it’s saying, “Cme back, Wendy, Wendy, Wendy.” Peter lks thrugh the dr and sees tw big tears in Mrs. Darling’s eyes.
“She lves Wendy,” he thinks. “But I lve Wendy, t. We c 3 bth have her.”
He lks at Mrs. Darling again. The tw tears are still sitting n her e 4 .
“Oh, all right,” he says at last, sadly. Then he pens the windw.
When Wendy, Jhn, and Michael arrive, they find the windw 5 fr them. They all get int bed t surprise their mther.
When Mrs. Darling ges back t the children’s rm, they are all in their beds. They wait fr her t say smething, but she says n 6 . She thinks she is dreaming. She sits by the fire.
The children are s w 7 . Why isn’t their mther happy t see them again? All three f them jump ut f bed, run t her and shut, “Mther!” She realizes she is nt d 8 anymre. Mr. Darling and Nana cme in. They are all s happy. Peter w 9 them frm the windw but he is lking at smething he will never have.
Many years pass. When Peter visits Wendy again, she has g 10 up and has a daughter f her wn. Peter is still a by wh can’t grw up.
—Taken frm Peter Pan
（2023·天津·统考中考真题）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
A smile shws that a persn is happy. Fr example, a persn may smile when he r she is p 11 with sme prgress in studies. Or a persn may smile if a friend tells a funny jke. There are ther gd r 12 t smile ften.
First, it is e 13 t smile than t shw unhappiness. In fact, it nly takes 17 muscles (肌肉) t smile. On the ther hand, it takes 43 muscles t shw unhappiness. S give the muscles in yur f 14 a rest and smile!
Secnd, smiles are nice. Peple may try t l 15 nice by exercising r wearing nice clthes. Hwever, peple ften say a smile is the best thing a persn can wear. That is because it is easy t be a 16 smene wh is smiling and happy. Almst n ne wants t stay with smene wh is always unhappy.
Third, smiles have pwer (感染力). Bth smiling and laughing can easily and quickly s 17 frm ne persn t anther. If ne persn smiles, peple arund him r her want t smile, t. Similarly, when a persn laughs, peple tend (往往会) t laugh with him r her. If a persn is s 18 , the best thing t d is t share a smile r a laugh. It is the easiest way t cheer smene up.
F 19 , smiling and laughing are very gd fr the bdy. Even thugh yu are sad, try smiling. Yu’ll find that it will be difficult t s 20 sad fr very lng!
（2023·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）
根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。
The traditinal Chinese lunar calendar has 24 slar terms (节气) in a year. Ancient Chinese peple created this system t m 21 the change f time based n the sun’s psitin. In ancient times, this system guided farming activities. It t 22 farmers what t d accrding t the changes in temperature. Tday, 24 slar terms still play an imprtant rle in Chinese peple’s e 23 life. They remind peple f the changes in s 24 and t eat suitable fd. This ancient time system has gained new charm nw. In Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, the directr used a new cuntdwn (倒计时) methd, shwing 24 slar terms instead f numbers. This creative methd was greatly p 25 by peple arund the wrld. They are amazed by the wisdm f Chinese peple.
(2022中考真题）
（一）（2022·广东广州·中考真题）
阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。
Dunbuang is a histric city in Gansu. In ancient times, Dunhuang was an imprtant c ___46___ f trade. As the Silk Rad develped, Dunhuang became China’s western gateway t the wrld. Here, different cultures met and influenced each ther. Peple frm f ___47___ cuntries did business and cmmunicated with the lcal peple.
If yu v ___48___ Dunhuang, yu will be able t see the Mga Caves（莫高窟）. If yu walk i ___49___ , yu will discver sme f the wnderful artwrks. There are ver 45,000 square metres f beautiful paintings n the cave walls, as well as thusands f statues.
Over the years, China has made great effrts t prtect the Mga Caves. Tday, yu can als find high-quality phts f the artwrks n the Internet. Peple all ver the wrld nw have a c ___50___ t see Dunhuang’s treasures nline.
（二）（2022·湖北武汉·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，单词的第一个字母已给出。
Erie Green has always wndered abut things that live in the cean. When he was y____46____ , he lved t swim. He liked t watch all kinds f underwater animals and plants thrugh his mask (潜水面罩). When he grew up, he wanted t l____47____ fr new things in the cean.
Tday, Mr. Green is a marine eclgist (海洋生态学家). He studies hw underwater animals and plants cnnect with each ther and need each ther t stay a____48____.
Mr. Green studies cral reefs (珊瑚) in the Pacific Ocean. A cral reef is like a big underwater t____49____. Thusands f animals and plants live there. They cmpete fr fd and space there. As a result, the beautiful cral reefs get i____50____ easily.
Mr. Green als studies hw peple’s actins can change cral reefs. Smetimes peple pllute the water r verfish, s the w____51____ that all the living things are jined tgether has been changed. If cral reefs get hurt, many animals have t find new hmes. Sme animals’ n____52____ drp lw, and sme animals just disappear. Mr. Green wants t p____53____ this frm happening.
Mr. Green believes that all living things in a cral reef shuld be k____54____ safe. “Underwater ecsystems are like airplanes,” Mr. Green says. “They need all f their parts t wrk crrectly.” “T take better care f marine hmes, we first must k____55____ them. Only thrugh that, can we understand the great influence humans have n these places.” Mr. Green says.
（三）（2022·江苏连云港·中考真题）
根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。
Erhu is ne f the mst imprtant Chinese instruments. It has a histry f ____51____ 1,000 years. It is said that Erhu did nt get its name u____52____ the late Qing Dynasty. It has been imprved gradually since it appeared. It is als c____53____ the Chinese vilin because its tne is as sft and bright as the vilin’s. There are many w____54____ pieces f music played by Erhu, such as The Mn Reflected n the Er-quan Spring. Yu can g and e____55____ the charm f them. I hpe yu’ll lve them.
（四）（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
The Grand Canal（大运河）is a man-made waterway that runs nrth and suth in eastern China. Dating back 2,500 years and stretching 1,794 kilmeters, it is amng the wrld’s ldest and l___51___ canals. Yangzhu China Grand Canal Museum is lcated n the bank f the ancient Grand Canal in Yangzhu, ne f the eight c___52___ in Jiangsu prvince sitting alng the Grand Canal.
The museum ___53___ its drs t the public n June 16,2021. It cvers an area f sme 80,000 square meters. It has tw structures: a fur-stry building in the s___54___ f a giant ship waiting t set sail, and a 100-meter-tall Tang-Dynasty-style twer.
The museum has 11 themed exhibitins（展览）. They are telling the h___55___ f the Sui-Tang Grand Canal built during the Sui and Tang Dynasties（581-907）, the Beijing-Hangzhu Grand Canal and the East Zhejiang Canal. These canals ffer a wealth f histric and cultural attractins w___56___ they cntinue t be used fr transprt, irrigatin（灌溉）and fld cntrl. The 25.7-meter-lng, 8-meter-high ancient Bian River sectin is c___57___ by many as the “treasure f the museum”.
S far, the museum has ver 10,000 exhibits（展品）, including 20 grups f large nes, making it the best cllectin t shw the grandness f the canal and h___58___ peple changed nature.
Passing t___59___ the exhibitin hall and int the antiquated（老式的）streets, visitrs can see restaurants and shps alng the street, as if walking in the water village n the canal during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Yangzhu China Grand Canal Museum is different frm all the ther m____60____ which are themed n the Grand Canal in China. Why nt cme and visit it yurself?
（五）（2022·天津·中考真题）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
In the small villages f Kenya (肯尼亚), Africa, mst kids want t read bks. But n rads g t their hmes, nly miles and miles f sand. Cars and trucks are nt useful, s____46____ library bks arrive n the backs f camels. Camels can handle (应付) the sand and the bks. Tw camels, a camel driver, and a librarian (图书管理员) w____47____ t the villages tgether. One camel carries abut 180 kils f bks, and the ther carries a tent. At each village, the librarian sets up the tent and shws the b____48____ t the kids inside. Tw weeks later, the camels c____49____ back with new bks.
Sme peple in the muntains f nrthern Thailand (泰国) get bks in a d____50____ way. Their “l____51____” are carried by elephants. These animals can handle the difficult jurney. Because they are large, they can carry many bks in metal cases (金属箱). The metal prtects the bks frm the heavy rains that f____52____ in the area.
Indnesia (印度尼西亚) has its wn difficulties. The cuntry has ver 17,000 islands. Mst peple t____53____ by bat and they als carry their bks by bat. A library bat hlds(容纳) abut 500 bks in bxes. Bxes f bks are left in villages and are traded (交换) fr new bks a few weeks l____54____.
Fr peple wh live far and can’t get t a library, a library that cmes t them brings mre than bks. It brings a whle w_____55_____ f infrmatin.
（六）（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文完整、通顺。
When peple meet strangers, they ften have small talks. These talks are a gd way fr peple t s____1____ hell. The talks cver many tpics, such as weather, films, sprts, TV shws ____2____ the latest news. But we shuld always keep it in mind that p____3____ subjects abut mney, age, and weight shuld be avided. Besides, it’s better t ask pen-ended questins. If yu ask, “D yu like ur city?” They may say s____4____, “Yes”. If yu ask, “What d yu think f ur city?” They will have mre freedm in answering. This type f questin als shws that yu are interested in them. If yu seem interested in w____5____ peple are saying, they will feel mre cmfrtable talking with yu.
（七）（2022·江苏镇江·中考真题）
根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
T many yung Chinese peple, Premier Zhu Enlai is knwn as a key funder f the New China. But f____6____ peple knw he nce wrte a martial arts nvel called Jin Gu Ying Xing.
Recently, a Sina Weib user m____7____ this nvel written by Zhu mre than a century ag. Many yung peple shwed a strng i____8____ in it and their admiratin fr the early pineers f China. Anther user psted the first page f the nvel which Zhu wrte at the a____9____ f 16. It was published under Zhu’s pseudnym(笔名) “Fei Fei” in a magazine beginning in Octber, 1914. Hwever, the nvel was never cmpleted, but it can be fund a____10____. The Early Wrks f Zhu Enlai were published by the Central Party Literature Press in 1998.
A____11____ many yung peple expressed the regret that Zhu did nt g n with the nvel, they said he played a mre imprtant rle in China’s histry. One wrte “The nvel was stpped but Premier Zhu went n t s____12____ the Chinese natin ut f danger!” Anther added, “He gave up a nvel, but he wrte a histry f m____13____ China.” A 29-year-ld cmputer engineer said, “The pineers f China are spiritual leaders fr me. Remembering them helped me build up the r____14____ values. When I face prblems in life, I am always reminded nt t f____15____ the lives f thse pineers. The difficulties I face nw are nthing cmpared with what they experienced.”
（八）（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，补全空格内单词，使短文完整、通顺（请在答题卡上写出完整单词）。
It was a beautiful fall day. I was ut riding my bicycle. I guessed I rde ver a hle in the rad. All f a sudden, WHAM(砰)! I fell ff my bicycle. My right side really h__16__!
My head hit the grund h__17__. I lay there fr a few minutes. I tried t get up, b__18__ I failed! “There must be s__19__ wrng with me,” I thught. I felt s t__20__ that I had t still lie there. Then I saw b__21__ n my she. My hand and knee were bleeding.
As I lay there, I tk ff my helmet. There was a sharp rck sticking ut f it. I lked at it in f__22__. Thank gdness I wre my helmet!
I shuted fr help. At that time, a truck went by. The driver s__23__ his truck and came t help me. He put my bicycle in the back f his truck and drve me t the hspital.
When my mther gt t the hspital, she gave me a big hug(拥抱). “I’m s glad yu were wearing yur helmet. The helmet saved yur life,” she said. She knew I was c__24__ befre and did nt always wear my helmet. “Mum, it was nt the helmet i__25__ that saved my life, but safety awareness did. I’ll ride my bicycle with great care later n!”