中考英语讲义试卷练习专题32 短文填空 考点1 首字母填空（解析版）

这是一份中考英语讲义试卷练习专题32 短文填空 考点1 首字母填空（解析版），共30页。

（2024·天津·中考真题）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
Lng ag, the early peple did nt live in huses as we d tday. Mst f the hmes were in caves r shelters (遮蔽物) which were built in trees. These ‘hmes’ were nly used as temprary (临时的) shelters t p 1 them frm the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the frests. Men f that time were called ‘cave peple’.
These ‘cave peple’ usually lived in small grups and life was nt e 2 fr them. They had t mve frm place t place t s 3 fr fd. They wuld hunt, fish r pick wild fruit. When they culdn’t find a 4 t eat, they wuld leave t find anther prper place. Their tls were very simple. They ate raw (生的) fd u 5 they learnt hw t make a fire. Fr clthing, they used nly the bark (树皮) f trees r the skins (皮) f animals t c 6 their bdies.
Hwever, the lives f the ‘cave peple’ changed. They cllected the seeds (种子) f wild plants that g 7 in the frests. Sn they learnt t plant fruit, vegetables and ther crps. They als kept cws, sheep and ther kinds f farm a 8 fr milk, meat and skins. They became f 9 and lived in nly ne certain area. Their grups became l 10 than befre as they lived mre settled (固定的) lives. They built huses as lng-lasting hmes, and as a result, villages and twns develped quickly. The ‘cave peple’ began t be civilized (文明的).
【答案】
1．(p)rtect 2．(e)asy 3．(s)earch 4．(a)nything 5．(u)ntil 6．(c)ver 7．(g)rew 8．(a)nimals 9．(f)armers 10．(l)arger
【导语】本文主要介绍“穴居人”的生活。
1．句意：这些“家”只是用作临时庇护所，保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害。根据“These ‘hmes’ were nly used as temprary (临时的) shelters t p... them frm the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the frests.”可知，这些“家”保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害，prtect“保护”，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(p)rtect。
2．句意：这些“穴居人”通常生活在小群体中，生活对他们来说并不容易。根据“These ‘cave peple’ usually lived in small grups and life was nt e... fr them.”可知，生活对他们来说并不容易，easy“容易的”，在句中作表语，故填(e)asy。
3．句意：他们不得不从一个地方搬到另一个地方寻找食物。根据“They had t mve frm place t place t s... fr fd.”可知，他们不得不搬家寻找食物，search fr“寻找”符合语境，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(s)earch。
4．句意：当他们找不到吃的东西时，他们会离开去找另一个合适的地方。根据“When they culdn’t find a... t eat, they wuld leave t find anther prper place.”可知，找不到吃的东西时就会搬家，anything“任何东西”，用于否定句中，故填(a)nything。
5．句意：他们吃生的食物，直到学会如何生火。根据“They ate raw (生的) fd u... they learnt hw t make a fire.”可知，直到学会如何生火才不吃生的食物，until“直到”符合语境，故填(u)ntil。
6．句意：至于衣服，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体。根据“they used nly the bark (树皮) f trees r the skins (皮) f animals t c... their bdies”可知，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体，cver“遮盖”，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(c)ver。
7．句意：他们收集了生长在森林中的野生植物的种子。根据“They cllected the seeds (种子) f wild plants that g... in the frests.”可知，收集生长在森林中的野生植物的种子，grw“生长”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(g)rew。
8．句意：他们还饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，以获取牛奶、肉和皮。根据“They als kept cws, sheep and ther kinds f farm a... fr milk, meat and skins.”可知，饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，animal“动物”，“ther kinds f”修饰可数名词复数，故填(a)nimals。
9．句意：他们成了农民，只住在一个特定的地区。根据“They became f... and lived in nly ne certain area.”可知，他们成了农民，farmer“农民”，主语“They”是复数，故填(f)armers。
10．句意：他们的群体变得比以前更大，因为他们的生活更加稳定。根据“Their grups became l... than befre as they lived mre settled (固定的) lives.”可知，他们的群体变得比以前更大，larger“更大的”，在句中作表语，故填(l)arger。
（2024·山东东营·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
Bear was busy making pies. When he wke up in spring, he wuld need them.
“Oh n!” cried Bear. “The berries (莓) have run ut. I must pick sme mre.”
Bear went t find mre berries. He walked till his ft ached, but he didn’t find any berries n 11 his hme.
S he decided t g deeper int the frest t lk fr berries. As he walked alng, he felt very h 12 . He had been s busy cking that he had eaten nthing all day.
As be walked, Bear met bis friend Raccn.
“D yu have say berries fr me?” asked Bear.
“Srry, but I can g 13 yu sme apples.” said Raccn.
“Yur apples are t sur.” said Bear.
Sn Bear met Squirrel.
“D yu have any berries fr me?” asked Bear.
“N,” said Squirrel. “But I have sme walnuts (核桃). Yu can have sme.”
“Thank yu.” said Bear. “But I d nt w 14 walnuts in my pies. I will keep searching fr berries.”
After a lt f effrt, Bear realized that there were n berries left.
Suddenly, snw began t fall. Bear raced hme. Then he jumped int bed. B 15 he culd nt sleep. He was s hungry.
“Oh dear.” said Bear. I will have t eat my pies. But if s, I will have n 16 fr spring. Bear was t hungry t wrry abut it. He ate up all the pies u 17 he felt full at last. Sn he was fast asleep. Bear slept fr many mnths.
Spring came. Bear w 18 up. He was very, very hungry.
Just then, Raccn and Squirrel came. They were each hlding a pie.
“Thse pies smell delicius.” said Bear.
“Oh. I dn’t think yu wuld like my sur apple pie.” said Raccn.
“And I am sure yu wuldn’t like my walnut pie.” said Squirrel.
When Bear pened his muth t speak, Raccn put sme apple pie in Bear’s m 19 .
“Yum, this is gd!” cried Bear.
Squirrel gave Bear sme walnut pie.
“Ww, walnut pie is great, t 20 ,” said Bear.
“Aren’t yu glad we educated yu abut pies?” said Squirrel.
“I am.” Bear said. “My next pies will have new fillings (馅).”
【答案】
11．(n)ear 12．(h)ungry 13．(g)ive 14．(w)ant 15．(B)ut 16．(n)thing 17．(u)ntil 18．(w)ke 19．(m)uth 20．(t)
【导语】本文主要介绍了熊忙着做馅饼，但是不小心在冬眠前把它们吃光了，最后朋友们带来新口味的馅饼，这让他感到满足和感激。
11．句意：他一直走到脚痛，但在家附近没有发现任何浆果。根据“didn’t find any hme”可知在他家附近没有发现浆果，near“在附近”。故填(n)ear。
12．句意：他边走边觉得很饿。根据“He had been s busy cking that he had eaten nthing all day.”可知他什么都没吃，所以很饿，hungry“饿的”。故填(h)ungry。
13．句意：我可以给你一些苹果。根据“yu sme apples”可知是给你一些苹果，give“给”，情态动词后加动词原形。故填(g)ive。
14．句意：但我不想在馅饼里放核桃。根据“But I d in my pies”可知是不想在馅饼里放核桃，want“想要”，助动词d nt后加动词原形。故填(w)ant。
15．句意：但是他睡不着。此处和前句是转折关系，用but连接。故填(B)ut。
16．句意：但如果这样的话，我将度过一个一无所有的春天。根据“I will have t eat my pies”可知如果把馅饼吃了，春天就什么也没有了，nthing“没有什么”。故填(n)thing。
17．句意：他把所有的馅饼都吃光了，直到他终于觉得饱了为止。根据“He ate up all the felt full at last.”可知是吃完了所有的馅饼，直到他吃饱了，until“直到”。故填(u)ntil。
18．句意：熊醒了。根据“Bear slept fr many mnths.”可知他从冬眠中醒来，wake up“醒来”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(w)ke。
19．句意：浣熊往熊的嘴里塞了一些苹果馅饼。根据“Raccn put sme apple pie in Bear’s...”可知是在嘴巴里放一些苹果馅饼，muth“嘴巴”，此处用名词单数形式，指熊的嘴巴。故填(m)uth。
20．句意：核桃馅饼也很棒。根据“walnut pie is great”可知核桃馅饼也很美味，肯定句句尾用t。故填(t)。
（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）
根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。
Cmmunity cnnects us with each ther. A cmmunity is a p 21 where peple live, wrk and play tgether. It’s just like a schl, where s 22 help each ther t learn. Peple in a cmmunity h 23 ne anther, t.
Peple in a cmmunity have different skills. They ften help neighbrs s 24 all kinds f prblems. Fr example, smetimes peple d nt feel well. The d 25 and nurses will make them feel better. There are als sme engineers. They may help peple f 26 their brken bicycles r washing machines. When peple dn’t knw what t wear t a party r hw t design their hmes, the artists will give them sme a 27 .
Sme cllege students wrk as vlunteers in their s 28 time. They ften d sme cleaning fr the ld peple and help students with their h 29 .
Cmmunity is nt a building r an rganizatin. It is like a big f 30 . Members f a cmmunity have a sense f trust, safety and caring fr each ther.
【答案】
21．(p)lace 22．(s)tudents 23．(h)elp 24．(s)lve 25．(d)ctrs 26．(f)ix 27．(a)dvice 28．(s)pare 29．(h)mewrk 30．(f)amily
【导语】本文介绍了社区将人们紧密联系在一起，社区的人们互助友爱，就像一个大家庭。
21．句意：社区是人们一起生活、工作和娱乐的地方。根据首字母及“A cmmunity is a…where peple live, wrk and play tgether.”可知，社区是人们生活、工作和娱乐的地方。place“地方”，名词，冠词a后用其单数形式。故填(p)lace。
22．句意：这就像一所学校，学生们互相帮助学习。根据首字母及“It’s just like a schl”可知，社区像一所学校，学生们互相帮助学习。student“学生”，名词，help是动词原形，故名词应用复数形式。故填(s)tudents。
23．句意：社区里的人也会互相帮助。根据首字母及“…help each ther t learn. Peple in a cmmunity…ne anther, t.”可知，此处指社区中的人们互相帮助。help“帮助”，动词。时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语动词用其原形。故填(h)elp。
24．句意：他们经常帮助邻居解决各种各样的问题。根据首字母及“all kinds f prblems”可知，此处指解决问题。slve“解决”，动词。help sb. d sth.“帮助某人做某事”，动词用其原形。故填(s)lve。
25．句意：医生和护士会让他们感觉好些。根据首字母及“Fr example, smetimes peple d nt feel well”可知，人们感到不舒服时，医生和护士会让他们感觉好些。dctr“医生”，可数名词，此处应用其复数形式表泛指。故填(d)ctrs。
26．句意：他们可以帮助人们修理坏了的自行车或洗衣机。根据首字母及“their brken bicycles r washing machines”可知，此处指修理坏了的自行车或洗衣机。fix“修理”，动词。help sb. d sth.“帮助某人做某事”，动词用其原形。故填(f)ix。
27．句意：当人们不知道穿什么去参加聚会或如何设计他们的家时，艺术家会给他们一些建议。根据首字母及“the artists will give them sme…”可知，此处指艺术家会给出建议。advice“建议”，不可数名词，作动词宾语。故填(a)dvice。
28．句意：一些大学生在业余时间做志愿者。根据首字母及“Sme cllege students wrk as vlunteers in their…time.”可知，此处指大学生在业余时间做志愿者。spare“空闲的”，形容词，作定语修饰名词time。故填(s)pare。
29．句意：他们经常为老人打扫卫生，帮助学生做作业。根据首字母及“and help students with their…”可知，此处指大学生会帮助学生们做作业。hmewrk“作业”，不可数名词。故填(h)mewrk。
30．句意：它就像一个大家庭。根据首字母及“It is like a big…”可知，此处指社区就像一个大家庭。family“家庭”，可数名词，被a修饰，用其单数形式。故填(f)amily。
（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
Even thugh my grandfather was a farmer, my grandmther wuld irn his wrk clthes every day. Grandmther mixed up her wn starch (淀粉浆) in a glass b 31 with a metal cap that had several hles. She sprinkled Grandfather’s jeans with the starch, hung them ver a chair fr a few minutes, and then i 32 them.
Because I watched her d this thrugh my childhd, I thught every ld wman did it. But as the years passed, I began t questin this p 33 . Why did Grandfather need his wrk clthes irned? Mst days, he never saw anyne b 34 me and maybe a few ther farmers. The clthes became dirty in just a shrt time. Why did Grandmther s 35 devte time and effrt t irning Grandfather’s clthes that were rarely seen?
One day when I was abut 13, I asked Grandmther abut it. She tld me Grandfather was the mst handsme man in the wrld. Later that day, I lked c 36 at Grandfather. He sure didn’t lk s handsme t me. He was shrt and fat with false teeth (假牙). Later I tld her my thught.
She gave me a girlish smile and said, “Yu just aren’t lking in the right light, Cathy. I remember when he had r 37 teeth. He has the mst beautiful eyes I have ever seen. They are e 38 the same clr as the sky just befre the sun ges dwn. I want the wrld t see my h 39 as the mst beautiful man. I want him t feel beautiful. I irn his clthes every day because fr all these years, he has made me feel beautiful.”
The years went n, and I watched Grandmther and Grandfather grw ld tgether. I was prbably 30 when I u 40 what beauty really was. It was Grandmther irning Grandfather’s jeans with starch frm a glass bttle.
【答案】
31．(b)ttle 32．(i)rned 33．(p)ractice 34．(b)ut 35．(s)till 36．(c)arefully 37．(r)eal 38．(e)xactly 39．(h)usband 40．(u)nderstd
【导语】本文主要讲述了奶奶给爷爷熨烫衣服，在奶奶眼里，爷爷是世界上最帅气的人，很多年过后作者才真正明白真正的美是什么。
31．句意：祖母在一个有几个洞的金属盖的玻璃瓶里把自己的淀粉浆混合在一起。根据“It was Grandmther irning Grandfather’s jeans with starch frm a glass bttle.”可知是一个玻璃瓶，a后加可数名词单数bttle“瓶子”。故填(b)ttle。
32．句意：她在爷爷的牛仔裤上撒上淀粉，把它们挂在椅子上几分钟，然后熨好。 根据“my grandmther wuld irn his wrk clthes”可知奶奶给爷爷熨烫衣服，irn“熨烫”，本文时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(i)rned。
33．句意：但随着时间的推移，我开始质疑这种做法。根据“I thught every ld wman did it. But as the years passed, I began t questin this”可知作者开始怀疑熨烫衣服的通常的做法，this后加可数名词单数practice“常规”。故填(p)ractice。
34．句意：大多数时候，除了我和其他一些农民，他从来没有见过任何人。根据“he never saw and maybe a few ther farmers”可知是除了我和其他一些农民，他从来没有见过任何人，but“除了”。故填(b)ut。
35．句意：为什么祖母仍然花时间和精力为祖父熨很少见到的衣服？根据“devte time and effrt t irning Grandfather’s clthes that were rarely seen?”可知作者好奇为什么奶奶仍然花时间和精力为祖父熨很少见到的衣服，still“仍然”。故填(s)till。
36．句意：那天晚些时候，我仔细地看着爷爷。根据“ Grandfather”可知是仔细观察爷爷，修饰动词用副词carefully“认真地”。故填(c)arefully。
37．句意：我记得他长着真牙的时候。根据“He was shrt and fat with false teeth”可知现在爷爷戴着假牙，但是奶奶记得爷爷长着真牙的时候，修饰名词用形容词real“真的”。故填(r)eal。
38．句意：它们与太阳下山前的天空颜色完全相同。根据“the same clr as the sky just befre the sun ges dwn.”可知爷爷眼睛的颜色和太阳下山前的天空颜色完全相同，故此处用副词exactly“确切地”。故填(e)xactly。
39．句意：我想让全世界都把我的丈夫看作最美丽的男人。根据“as the mst beautiful man”可知奶奶想让全世界都把她的丈夫当作最漂亮的男人，husband“丈夫”。故填(h)usband。
40．句意：我大概30岁的时候才明白真正的美丽是什么。根据“what beauty really was”可知是理解真正的美丽是什么，understand“理解”，根据“was”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(u)nderstd。
(2023中考真题）
（2023·山东东营·统考中考真题）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
My parents gt Arthur’s Family Laundrmat (洗衣店) frm my grandfather. It was a true family business. My father, my mther and my aunt were respnsible fr different jbs. E 1 my retired (退休的) grandfather helps with the cleaning nw and then.
My father said that the mst imprtant machine in the Laundrmat wasn’t the washing machine. It was the cffee pt by the dr. The cffee was free and almst every c 2 wuld have a cup and chat with my family while waiting fr their clean clthes. In the hurs a 3 schl r n weekends, it was my jb t keep the cffee pt full. At least ten times each day, I wuld clean up the wet cffee grunds (咖啡渣), weigh 40 g f cffee beans, fill the pt with water, and turn n the cffee machine. It was such a b 4 jb that I culd have dne it in my sleep.
I remember cmplaining ne busy day. “W 5 d we have t give away cffee? We’re a Laundrmat, nt a cffee shp!” I said angrily. My father was surprised at my attitude. At nce he s 6 what he was ding t talk t me. With a patient but serius expressin n his f 7 he spke:
“Sn, peple chse ur laundrmat b 8 we serve them like friends. We ffer them a cup f cffee. We chat with them, laugh with them and cnnect with them. Peple dn’t just need a p 9 t clean their clthes. They need friendship. That is why yur jb is the mst imprtant jb in the laundrmat.”
My father’s wrds had the expected effect. Frm then n, I d the jb mre c 10 . After all, I had the mst imprtant jb in the laundrmat.
【答案】
(E)ven 2．(c)ustmer 3．(a)fter 4．(b)ring 5．(W)hy
6．(s)tpped 7．(f)ace 8．(b)ecause 9．(p)lace 10．(c)arefully
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者家的洗衣店提供免费咖啡，作者一开始向父亲抱怨，不明白为什么洗衣店要提供免费的咖啡，理解了父亲的意图之后，认真对待冲泡咖啡的工作。
1．句意：就连我退休的祖父也偶尔帮忙打扫。根据“It was a true family business.”及“my retired (退休的) grandfather helps with the cleaning nw and then.”可知，此处强调甚至退休的祖父也在帮忙打扫，even“甚至”，故填(E)ven。
2．句意：咖啡是免费的，几乎每个顾客都会在等待干净衣服的时候和我的家人喝一杯聊天。根据“waiting fr their clean clthes”可知，顾客在等待干净的衣服时会和作者的家人喝一杯咖啡，custmer“顾客”，根据every可知，此空应填单数名词，故填(c)ustmer。
3．句意：在放学后或周末的几个小时里，我的工作就是让咖啡壶保持满满的。根据“schl r n weekends”及首字母可知，此处指在放学后或在周末，after schl“放学后”，故填(a)fter。
4．句意：这是一件很无聊的工作，我睡觉的时候都能做。根据“jb that I culd have dne it in my sleep”及首字母可知，在睡觉的时候能做，说明它是一份很无聊的工作，bring“无聊的”，故填(b)ring。
5．句意：我们为什么要送咖啡？根据“We’re a Laundrmat, nt a cffee shp”可知，作者认为这是一个洗衣店而不是咖啡店，不懂为什么要送咖啡，故填(W)hy。
6．句意：他立刻停下手中的工作和我说话。根据“what he was ding t talk t me”及首字母可知，父亲停止了手里的工作，而来跟作者说话，stp“停止”，描述过去发生的事情，动词用过去式，故填(s)tpped。
7．句意：他脸上带着一种耐心而严肃的表情说。根据“With a patient but serius expressin n his”及首字母可知，脸上出现了一种耐心而严肃的表情，face“脸”，故填(f)ace。
8．句意：孩子，人们选择我们的洗衣店是因为我们像朋友一样服务他们。空格后“we serve them like friends”是解释人们选择作者家洗衣店的原因，故填(b)ecause。
9．句意：人们需要的不仅仅是洗衣服的地方。根据“Peple dn’t just need a … t clean their clthes.”及首字母可知，不需要仅仅是洗衣服的地方，place“地方”，根据a可知，此空应填单数形式，故填(p)lace。
10．句意：从那时起，我更认真地做这项工作。根据“After all, I had the mst imprtant jb in the laundrmat”可知，听到了父亲的一席话，作者工作得更加认真了，此处副词修饰动词，carefully“认真地”，故填(c)arefully。
（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文完整、通顺。
Ali has wrked and lived in Shandng Prvince fr almst six years. When his friends suggested g 11 t Rizha fr a tw-day trip, the first things that came int his mind were its beautiful beaches and nice seafd. Rizha certainly ges b 12 that! It is als “hmetwn f green tea” in nrthern China. Rizha l 13 in the sutheast f Shandng Prvince near the Yellw Sea. It has pleasant weather, rich sil, and enugh sunlight. All these make it s 14 fr grwing high-quality green tea. Ali had the chance t pick tea leaves fr the first time in his life. “This is the first time I’ve learned abut Chinese tea culture. It’s a new and exciting experience fr me. It’s fantastic!” Ali said with a smile n his f 15 .
【答案】11．(g)ing
12．(b)eynd 13．(l)ies
14．(s)pecial 15．(f)ace
【导语】本文介绍了阿里将去山东日照旅行，日照作为中国北方的“绿茶之乡”，其气候和地理位置非常适合种植高品质茶叶。
11．句意：当他的朋友建议去日照进行两天的旅行时，他首先想到的是日照美丽的海滩和美味的海鲜。根据首字母及“When his friends suggested…t Rizha fr a tw-day trip”可知，此处指去日照。g“去”，动词。suggest ding sth.“建议做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填(g)ing。
12．句意：日照当然不止于此！根据首字母及“its beautiful beaches and nice seafd”及“It is als ‘hmetwn f green tea’ in nrthern China.”可知，日照不仅有美丽的海滩、美味的海鲜，还被称为“绿茶之乡”，此处应为短语g beynd“超越”。故填(b)eynd。
13．句意：日照位于山东省东南部，濒临黄海。根据首字母及“Rizha…in the sutheast f Shandng Prvince”可知，此处介绍日照的地理位置。lie in“位于”。本句陈述事实，故为一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用其单三形式。故填(l)ies。
14．句意：所有这些都使它特别适合种植高品质的绿茶。根据首字母及“It has pleasant weather, rich sil, and enugh sunlight. All these make it…fr grwing high-quality green tea.”可知，日照的气候和地质使其特别适合种植高品质绿茶。special“特别的”，形容词，作宾补。故填(s)pecial。
15．句意：“这是我第一次了解中国茶文化。这对我来说是一次新的、激动人心的经历。太棒了！”阿里笑着说。根据首字母及“Ali said with a smile n his…”可知，阿里的脸上带着笑容。face“脸”，名词，由“his”可知，用其单数形式。故填(f)ace。
（2023·广东广州·统考中考真题）
阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。
Tday is Duanwu Jie, r Dragn Bat Festival, ne f the mst imprtant festivals in China. Chinese peple r 16 the great patritic pet (爱国诗人) Qu Yuan by rwing dragn bats and making zngzi n this day.
My village is famus fr its great prtectin f traditinal c 17 and we have the best dragn bat race team f the city. Every year, villagers raise ur dragn bats frm under the river abut a mnth befre the festival. And then it is c 18 cleaned and repainted. Our dragn bat is already 40 years ld. Made f a special kind f wd, it is still strng enugh t l 19 fr a lng time.
This year, my elder brther is accepted int ur dragn bat race team as its yungest member. He’s nly 18, and I’m s p 20 f him.
【答案】16．(r)emember 17．(c)ulture/(c)ustms 18．(c)arefully/(c)mpletely/(c)autiusly 19．(l)ast 20．(p)rud
【导语】本文主要介绍了端午节的庆祝活动以及作者村庄每年都会赛龙舟。
16．句意：中国人民在这一天划龙舟、包粽子，纪念伟大的爱国诗人屈原。根据“great patritic pet (爱国诗人) QuYuan by rwing dragn bats and making zngzi n this day.”可知是指人们通过这些方式纪念屈原，remember“纪念”，是动词，此处是描述事实，应用一般现在时，主语是peple，动词用原形，故填(r)emember。
17．句意：我的村庄以其对传统文化/习俗/仪式的保护而闻名，我们有全市最好的龙舟队。根据“My village is famus fr its great prtectin f traditinal”和首字母可知，此处可以指传统文化也可以指传统习俗。culture“文化”，此处是不可数名词；custm“习俗”，此处名词用复数。故填(c)ulture/(c)ustms。
18．句意：然后仔细/彻底/小心地清洗并重新粉刷。根据“Every year, villagers raise ur dragn bats frm under the river abut a mnth befre the festival.”可知每年端午节前一个月左右，村民们就会把龙舟从河底升起，结合首字母可知，然后应该是要仔细/彻底/小心地清洗并重新粉刷。carefully“仔细地”，cmpletely“完全地”，cautiusly“小心地”，副词修饰动词。故填(c)arefully/(c)mpletely/(c)autiusly。
19．句意：它由一种特殊的木材制成，仍然足够坚固，可以使用很长时间。根据“Made f a special kind f wd”可知龙舟是由一种特殊的木材制成，很坚固，可以持续使用很长时间。last“持续”，动词，空前有不定式符号，动词用原形，故填(l)ast。
20．句意：他才18岁，我为他感到骄傲。根据“This year, my elder brther is accepted int ur dragn bat race team as its yungest member”结合首字母可知，此处是固定短语be prud f“为……感到自豪”，故填(p)rud。
（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
Peter Pan wishes Wendy, Jhn and Michael, especially Wendy, wuld stay in Neverland frever, but finally the Darling children decide t fly back hme and grw up.
“Quick, Tink,” Peter whispers. “S 1 the windw. Then when Wendy cmes back, she will think her mther desn’t lve her anymre, and she will return t Neverland with me.”
Mrs. Darling is playing the pian. Peter didn’t knw the tune, Hme, Sweet Hme, b 2 he knws it’s saying, “Cme back, Wendy, Wendy, Wendy.” Peter lks thrugh the dr and sees tw big tears in Mrs. Darling’s eyes.
“She lves Wendy,” he thinks. “But I lve Wendy, t. We c 3 bth have her.”
He lks at Mrs. Darling again. The tw tears are still sitting n her e 4 .
“Oh, all right,” he says at last, sadly. Then he pens the windw.
When Wendy, Jhn, and Michael arrive, they find the windw 5 fr them. They all get int bed t surprise their mther.
When Mrs. Darling ges back t the children’s rm, they are all in their beds. They wait fr her t say smething, but she says n 6 . She thinks she is dreaming. She sits by the fire.
The children are s w 7 . Why isn’t their mther happy t see them again? All three f them jump ut f bed, run t her and shut, “Mther!” She realizes she is nt d 8 anymre. Mr. Darling and Nana cme in. They are all s happy. Peter w 9 them frm the windw but he is lking at smething he will never have.
Many years pass. When Peter visits Wendy again, she has g 10 up and has a daughter f her wn. Peter is still a by wh can’t grw up.
—Taken frm Peter Pan
【答案】
1．(S)hut 2．(b)ut 3．(c)an’t 4．(e)yes 5．()pen 6．(n)thing 7．(w)rried 8．(d)reaming 9．(w)atches 10．(g)rwn
【导语】本文出自文学作品《彼得·潘》，讲述了小飞侠彼得·潘决定把朋友送回家的故事。
1．句意：关上窗户。根据“S... the windw”可知，彼得想关上窗户，shut“关闭”符合语境，祈使句用动词原形开头。故填(S)hut。
2．句意：彼得不知道《家，甜蜜的家》这首曲子，但他知道它在说：“回来吧，温蒂，温蒂。”。根据“Peter didn’t knw”和“he knws”可知，前后是转折关系，用but连接。故填(b)ut。
3．句意：我们不可能都拥有她。根据“She lves Wendy”和“But I lve Wendy, t.”可知，他们都爱温蒂，但不能同时拥有她，can’t“不能”符合语境。故填(c)an’t。
4．句意：那两滴眼泪仍然留在她的眼睛上。根据“tw tears”可知，眼泪仍然留在她的眼睛上，eye“眼睛”，用复数。故填(e)yes。
5．句意：当温蒂、约翰和迈克尔到达时，他们发现窗户为他们打开了。根据“Then he pens the windw.”可知，窗户是开着的，pen“打开的”，形容词作宾补。故填()pen。
6．句意：他们等她说什么，但她什么也没说。根据“They wait fr her t say smething, but…”可知，她什么也没说，不定代词nthing“什么都没有”符合语境。故填(n)thing。
7．句意：孩子们很担心。根据“Why isn’t their mther happy t see them again?”可知，孩子们是担心的，wrried“担心的”，形容词作表语。故填(w)rried。
8．句意：她意识到自己不是在做梦了。根据“All three f them jump ut f bed, run t her and shut, ‘Mther!’ ”可知，孩子们去喊妈妈，让她知道自己没有在做梦，孩子们真的回来了，dream“做梦”，用现在分词形式与is构成现在进行时。故填(d)reaming。
9．句意：彼得从窗户看着他们，但他看到的是他永远不会拥有的东西。根据“but he is lking at smething he will never have.”可知，彼得在看着他们，watch“看，注视”符合语境，时态为一般现在时，主语是“Peter”，动词用三单。故填(w)atches。
10．句意：当彼得再次拜访温蒂时，她已经长大了，有了自己的女儿。根据“Many years pass.”可知，温蒂长大了，grw up“长大”，固定短语，grw用过去分词形式与has构成现在完成时。故填(g)rwn。
（2023·天津·统考中考真题）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
A smile shws that a persn is happy. Fr example, a persn may smile when he r she is p 11 with sme prgress in studies. Or a persn may smile if a friend tells a funny jke. There are ther gd r 12 t smile ften.
First, it is e 13 t smile than t shw unhappiness. In fact, it nly takes 17 muscles (肌肉) t smile. On the ther hand, it takes 43 muscles t shw unhappiness. S give the muscles in yur f 14 a rest and smile!
Secnd, smiles are nice. Peple may try t l 15 nice by exercising r wearing nice clthes. Hwever, peple ften say a smile is the best thing a persn can wear. That is because it is easy t be a 16 smene wh is smiling and happy. Almst n ne wants t stay with smene wh is always unhappy.
Third, smiles have pwer (感染力). Bth smiling and laughing can easily and quickly s 17 frm ne persn t anther. If ne persn smiles, peple arund him r her want t smile, t. Similarly, when a persn laughs, peple tend (往往会) t laugh with him r her. If a persn is s 18 , the best thing t d is t share a smile r a laugh. It is the easiest way t cheer smene up.
F 19 , smiling and laughing are very gd fr the bdy. Even thugh yu are sad, try smiling. Yu’ll find that it will be difficult t s 20 sad fr very lng!
【答案】
11．(p)leased 12．(r)easns 13．(e)asier 14．(f)ace 15．(l)k 16．(a)rund 17．(s)pread 18．(s)ad 19．(F)inally 20．(s)tay
【导语】本文主要介绍了对别人微笑的好处。
11．句意：例如，当一个人对学习上的进步感到满意时，他或她可能会微笑。be pleased with“对……感到满意”，此处指对学习上的进步感到满意。故填(p)leased。
12．句意：还有其他的好理由经常微笑。根据下文内容及首字母r可知下文中介绍了微笑的理由，reasn“理由，原因”，ther后接名词复数。故填(r)easns。
13．句意：首先，微笑比表现不开心更容易。根据“In fact, it nly takes 17 muscles t smile. On the ther hand, it takes 43 muscles t shw unhappiness.”可知微笑比表现不开心更容易，is后接easy的比较级easier表示“更容易的”。故填(e)asier。
14．句意：所以，让你脸上的肌肉休息一下，微笑吧！根据“In fact, it nly takes 17 muscles t smile. On the ther hand, it takes 43 muscles t shw unhappiness.”可推出此处用的是脸部肌肉，结合首字母f可知用face表示“脸”。故填(f)ace。
15．句意：人们可能会通过锻炼或穿漂亮的衣服来使自己看起来漂亮。根据“by exercising r wearing nice clthes”可知做这些是为了看起来漂亮，lk“看起来”，不定式符号t后用动词原形，构成不定式。故填(l)k。
16．句意：这是因为我们很容易和一个微笑和快乐的人在一起。根据“Almst n ne wants t stay with smene wh is always unhappy.”可知待在爱笑的人周围很容易，用arund表示“在……周围”。故填(a)rund。
17．句意：微笑和大笑都能轻易而迅速地从一个人传播到另一个人。根据“frm ne persn t anther”可知此处指从人到人的传播，spread“传播”，can后用动词原形。故填(s)pread。
18．句意：如果一个人悲伤，最好的办法就是分享一个微笑或大笑。根据“It is the easiest way t cheer smene up.”可知要使难过的人高兴起来，is后接形容词sad表示“难过的”。故填(s)ad。
19．句意：最后，微笑和大笑对身体很好。根据“First ... Secnd ... Third ...”及首字母F可知此处用Finally表示“最后”。故填(F)inally。
20．句意：你会发现保持悲伤很长时间是很困难的！根据“fr very lng”可知此处指长时间保持悲伤，stay“保持，停留”。故填(s)tay。
（2023·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）
根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。
The traditinal Chinese lunar calendar has 24 slar terms (节气) in a year. Ancient Chinese peple created this system t m 21 the change f time based n the sun’s psitin. In ancient times, this system guided farming activities. It t 22 farmers what t d accrding t the changes in temperature. Tday, 24 slar terms still play an imprtant rle in Chinese peple’s e 23 life. They remind peple f the changes in s 24 and t eat suitable fd. This ancient time system has gained new charm nw. In Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, the directr used a new cuntdwn (倒计时) methd, shwing 24 slar terms instead f numbers. This creative methd was greatly p 25 by peple arund the wrld. They are amazed by the wisdm f Chinese peple.
【答案】21．(m)ark 22．(t)ld 23．(e)veryday 24．(s)easns 25．(p)raised
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国古人创造的24节气以及这个古老的时间系统带来的新的魅力。
21．句意：中国古人创造这个系统是为了根据太阳的位置来标记时间的变化。根据“Ancient Chinese peple created this system t change f time based n the sun’s psitin.”可知24节气是为了根据太阳的位置来标记时间的变化，mark“标记”，动词，空前有不定式符号t，动词用原形，故填(m)ark。
22．句意：它告诉农民根据温度的变化做什么。根据“farmers what t d accrding t the changes in temperature”可知24个节气可以告诉农民根据温度的变化来做事情，tell“告诉”，此处是说在古代的时候，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(t)ld。
23．句意：今天，24节气在中国人的日常生活中仍然扮演着重要的角色。根据“play an imprtant rle in Chinese peple’s ”可知是指日常生活，应用everyday life。故填(e)veryday。
24．句意：他们提醒人们季节的变化和吃合适的食物。根据“They remind peple f the changes in s...”可知是指季节的变化，seasn“季节”，可数名词，此处应用复数，故填(s)easns。
25．句意：这种创造性的方法受到了全世界人民的极大赞扬。根据“They are amazed by the wisdm f Chinese peple.”以及空处单词的首字母可知，这种创造性的方法被全世界人们赞扬。praise“赞扬”，动词，和主语之间是被动关系，所以动词用过去分词，故填(p)raised。
(2022中考真题）
（一）（2022·广东广州·中考真题）
阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。
Dunbuang is a histric city in Gansu. In ancient times, Dunhuang was an imprtant c ___46___ f trade. As the Silk Rad develped, Dunhuang became China’s western gateway t the wrld. Here, different cultures met and influenced each ther. Peple frm f ___47___ cuntries did business and cmmunicated with the lcal peple.
If yu v ___48___ Dunhuang, yu will be able t see the Mga Caves（莫高窟）. If yu walk i ___49___ , yu will discver sme f the wnderful artwrks. There are ver 45,000 square metres f beautiful paintings n the cave walls, as well as thusands f statues.
Over the years, China has made great effrts t prtect the Mga Caves. Tday, yu can als find high-quality phts f the artwrks n the Internet. Peple all ver the wrld nw have a c ___50___ t see Dunhuang’s treasures nline.
【答案】46．(c)entre##(c)enter
47．(f)reign
48．(v)isit
49．(i)nside
50．(c)hance
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述敦煌在古代是贸易中心，讲述在敦煌可以看到莫高窟和很多艺术作品，讲述现在人们可以在网上看到敦煌的财宝。
46．
句意：在古代，敦煌是一个重要的贸易中心。根据“an”可知用单数名词作表语。根据“As the Silk Rad develped, Dunhuang became China’s western gateway t the wrld”及首字母提示，可知，句子讲述敦煌古代是贸易中心，用名词“center”或“centre”。故填(c)entre/(c)enter。
47．
句意：外国的人和当地的人经商和交流。名词“cuntries”前用形容词修饰，根据“different cultures”及首字母提示，可知句子表达外国的人，用形容词“freign”。故填(f)reign。
48．
句意：如果你参观敦煌，你能看到莫高窟。这是“if”引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则，主句是一般将来时，从句是一般现在时表示将来。根据“yu will be able t see the Mga Caves”及首字母提示，可知句子表达参观敦煌，主语是“yu”，动词用“visit”。故填(v)isit。
49．
句意：如果你走进去，你会发现一些完美的艺术作品。动词“walk”用副词修饰，根据“discver sme f the wnderful artwrks”及首字母提示，可知句子表达走进去，用“walk inside”。故填(i)nside。
50．
句意：全世界的人现在有机会在网上看到敦煌的财宝。动词“have”后缺宾语，根据“a”可知是单数名词。根据“t see Dunhuang’s treasures nline” 及首字母提示，可知句子表达有机会，用“have a chance t d”。故填(c)hance。
（二）（2022·湖北武汉·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，单词的第一个字母已给出。
Erie Green has always wndered abut things that live in the cean. When he was y____46____ , he lved t swim. He liked t watch all kinds f underwater animals and plants thrugh his mask (潜水面罩). When he grew up, he wanted t l____47____ fr new things in the cean.
Tday, Mr. Green is a marine eclgist (海洋生态学家). He studies hw underwater animals and plants cnnect with each ther and need each ther t stay a____48____.
Mr. Green studies cral reefs (珊瑚) in the Pacific Ocean. A cral reef is like a big underwater t____49____. Thusands f animals and plants live there. They cmpete fr fd and space there. As a result, the beautiful cral reefs get i____50____ easily.
Mr. Green als studies hw peple’s actins can change cral reefs. Smetimes peple pllute the water r verfish, s the w____51____ that all the living things are jined tgether has been changed. If cral reefs get hurt, many animals have t find new hmes. Sme animals’ n____52____ drp lw, and sme animals just disappear. Mr. Green wants t p____53____ this frm happening.
Mr. Green believes that all living things in a cral reef shuld be k____54____ safe. “Underwater ecsystems are like airplanes,” Mr. Green says. “They need all f their parts t wrk crrectly.” “T take better care f marine hmes, we first must k____55____ them. Only thrugh that, can we understand the great influence humans have n these places.” Mr. Green says.
【答案】46．(y)ung
47．(l)k
48．(a)live
49．(t)wn
50．(i)njured
51．(w)ay
52．(n)umbers
53．(p)revent
54．(k)ept
55．(k)nw
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了海洋生态学家格林先生意识到珊瑚礁所面临的问题以及它们的重要性，呼吁人们要先了解它们并保护它们。
46．
句意：当他年轻的时候，他喜欢游泳。was后接形容词作表语，根据“When he grew up”及首字母可知，年轻的时候喜欢游泳，yung“年轻的”符合，故填(y)ung。
47．
句意：当他长大后，他想在海洋中寻找新的东西。根据“he wanted t … fr new things in the cean”及首字母可知，此处指在海洋中寻找新东西，lk fr“寻找”，want t d sth“想要做某事”，此空应填动词原形，故填(l)k。
48．
句意：他研究水下的动物和植物是如何相互联系、相互需要以维持生存的。根据“underwater animals and plants cnnect with each ther and need each ther t stay”及首字母可知，水下的动植物相互维持生存，alive“活着的”，形容词作表语，故填(a)live。
49．
句意：珊瑚礁就像一个巨大的水下小镇。根据“A cral reef is like a big underwater”及首字母可知，把珊瑚礁比喻成一个巨大的小镇，twn“城镇”，a修饰名词的单数形式，故填(t)wn。
50．
句意：因此，美丽的珊瑚礁很容易受伤。根据“They cmpete fr fd and space there”可知，因为食物和生存的空间相互竞争，导致珊瑚礁受伤，get injured“受伤”，故填(i)njured。
51．
句意：有时人们污染水或过度捕捞，所以所有生物的连接方式已经改变。根据“the …that all the living things are jined tgether has been changed”及首字母可知，连接方式改变了，way“方式”。根据has可知，此空应填单数名词，故填(w)ay。
52．
句意：有些动物的数量下降了，有些动物就消失了。根据“Sme animals’ … drp lw, sme animals just disappear”可知，有些数量少了，有些消失了，number“数量”，句子是一般现在时，drp是动词原形，故此空应填名词复数形式，故填(n)umbers。
53．
句意：格林先生想阻止这种事情发生。根据“Mr. Green wants t … this frm happening”及首字母可知，想阻止这一切发生，prevent…frm ding sth“阻止某事发生”，want t d sth“想要做某事”，此空应填动词原形，故填(p)revent。
54．
句意：格林先生认为珊瑚礁里的所有生物都应该保护好。根据“They need all f their parts t wrk crrectly”可知，珊瑚礁里的每一部分都需要正常工作，所以它们应该被保护起来，keep“保持”，be与过去分词构成被动语态结构，故填(k)ept。
55．
句意：要更好地照顾海洋家园，我们首先必须了解它们。根据“we first must…them”及“can we understand the great influence humans have n these places”可知，只有先了解珊瑚礁，才能理解人类对这些地方的巨大影响，knw“了解”，情态动词must后接动词原形，故填(k)nw。
（三）（2022·江苏连云港·中考真题）
根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。
Erhu is ne f the mst imprtant Chinese instruments. It has a histry f ____51____ 1,000 years. It is said that Erhu did nt get its name u____52____ the late Qing Dynasty. It has been imprved gradually since it appeared. It is als c____53____ the Chinese vilin because its tne is as sft and bright as the vilin’s. There are many w____54____ pieces f music played by Erhu, such as The Mn Reflected n the Er-quan Spring. Yu can g and e____55____ the charm f them. I hpe yu’ll lve them.
【答案】51．()ver
52．(u)ntil
53．(c)alled
54．(w)nderful##(w)rld-famus
55．(e)njy##(e)xperience
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了二胡的发展历史。
51．
句意：它有一千多年的历史。根据“ It has a histry f … 1,000 years”可知，此处指1000多年的历史，ver“超过”，故填()ver。
52．
句意：据说二胡直到清末才得名。 根据“It is said that Erhu did nt get its name … the late Qing Dynasty.”可知，此处用nt…until表示“直到……才”，故填(u)ntil。
53．
句意：它也被称为中国小提琴，因为它的音调和小提琴一样柔和明亮。根据“It is als c… the Chinese vilin”及首字母可知，二胡也被称为中国小提琴，call“称呼”，主语it与动词call之间是被动关系，此处用被动语态be dne的结构，空格前已有is，故此空填过去分词，故填(c)alled。
54．
句意：用二胡演奏了许多美妙/著名的乐曲。根据“pieces f music”及首字母可知，此处指美妙的或者是著名的乐曲，wnderful“美妙的”，wrld-famus“著名的”，故填(w)nderful/(w)rld-famus。
55．
句意：你可以去欣赏/体验它们的魅力。此空与g构成并列关系，故此空也应填入一个动词原形，根据“the charm f them”及首字母可知，欣赏它们的魅力，enjy“欣赏”，experience“体验”，故填(e)njy/(e)xperience。
（四）（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
The Grand Canal（大运河）is a man-made waterway that runs nrth and suth in eastern China. Dating back 2,500 years and stretching 1,794 kilmeters, it is amng the wrld’s ldest and l___51___ canals. Yangzhu China Grand Canal Museum is lcated n the bank f the ancient Grand Canal in Yangzhu, ne f the eight c___52___ in Jiangsu prvince sitting alng the Grand Canal.
The museum ___53___ its drs t the public n June 16,2021. It cvers an area f sme 80,000 square meters. It has tw structures: a fur-stry building in the s___54___ f a giant ship waiting t set sail, and a 100-meter-tall Tang-Dynasty-style twer.
The museum has 11 themed exhibitins（展览）. They are telling the h___55___ f the Sui-Tang Grand Canal built during the Sui and Tang Dynasties（581-907）, the Beijing-Hangzhu Grand Canal and the East Zhejiang Canal. These canals ffer a wealth f histric and cultural attractins w___56___ they cntinue t be used fr transprt, irrigatin（灌溉）and fld cntrl. The 25.7-meter-lng, 8-meter-high ancient Bian River sectin is c___57___ by many as the “treasure f the museum”.
S far, the museum has ver 10,000 exhibits（展品）, including 20 grups f large nes, making it the best cllectin t shw the grandness f the canal and h___58___ peple changed nature.
Passing t___59___ the exhibitin hall and int the antiquated（老式的）streets, visitrs can see restaurants and shps alng the street, as if walking in the water village n the canal during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Yangzhu China Grand Canal Museum is different frm all the ther m____60____ which are themed n the Grand Canal in China. Why nt cme and visit it yurself?
【答案】51．(l)ngest
52．(c)ities
53．()pened
54．(s)hape
55．(h)istry
56．(w)hile
57．(c)nsidered
58．(h)w
59．(t)hrugh
60．(m)useums
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述扬州中国运河博物馆的修建，结构和它的独特之处。
51．
句意：2500年之前建造，延伸1794千米的大运河跻身世界最古老和最长的运河。根据“ldest and”可知，用形容词最高级形成并列。根据首字母提示，可知表达最长的，用最高级“lngest”。故填(l)ngest。
52．
句意：扬州中国运河博物馆位于扬州古代大运河的岸边，扬州是江苏省沿着大运河的八大城市之一。句子用“ne f 复数名词”的结构，表达“最……之一”。根据“Yangzhu”，“in Jiangsu prvince”及首字母提示，可知表达城市，用复数名词“cities”。故填(c)ities。
53．
句意：博物馆在2021年6月16日向大众开放。句子缺谓语动词，根据“June 16,2021”可知是一般过去时，动词用过去式。根据“its drs t the public”及首字母提示，可知，句子表达打开大门，用过去式“pened”。故填()pened。
54．
句意：它有两部分结构，像一艘等着航行的大船的四层的建筑，和一座100米高的唐代的塔。根据“f a giant ship waiting t set sail”及首字母提示，可知，句子表达建筑的形状，用“in the shape f”。故填(s)hape。
55．
句意：它们讲述了隋朝和唐朝建造的隋唐大运河，北京到杭州的大运河和东部浙江运河的历史。定冠词“the”后用名词。根据“These canals ffer a wealth f histric and cultural attractins”可知，句子表达讲述了运河的历史北京，根据首字母提示可知用名词“histry”。故填(h)istry。
56．
句意：这些运河提供了丰富的历史和文化景点，同时它们继续被用于运输、灌溉和防洪。根据“These canals ffer a wealth f histric and cultural cntinue t be used fr transprt, irrigatin and fld cntrl.”可知，前后句的动作是同时发生的，运河提供了丰富的历史和文化景点的同时，运河也被用于运输、灌溉和防洪。用连词while表示“与……同时”。故填(w)hile。
57．
句意：长25.7米，高8米的古汴河段被许多人认为是“博物馆的瑰宝”。句子缺谓语动词，根据“by”可知是被动结构，根据首字母提示可知句子用“be cnsidered as”表达“被看作是……”。故填(c)nsidered。
58．
句意：到目前为止，博物馆包含了一万种展品，包括二十组大型的展品，使得它成为最好的收藏品，展示了大运河的宏大和人们怎样改变大自然。根据“peple changed nature”可知后面是宾语从句，根据首字母提示，可知句子表达“怎样人们改变大自然”，用疑问词“hw”引导从句。故填(h)w。
59．
句意：穿过展览馆，进入老式的街道，游客可以看到街道两边的餐馆和商店，好像走在明清时期运河上的水村里。根据“Passing”及“the exhibitin hall”可知，句子表达从展览馆内部穿过，用短语“pass thrugh”。故填(t)hrugh。
60．
句意：扬州大运河博物馆以中国的大运河为主题，和所有其他的博物馆是不同的。根据“Yangzhu China Grand Canal Museum”及“which are themed n the Grand Canal”可知，此处是指其它博物馆，且需用复数形式“museums”。故填(m)useums。
（五）（2022·天津·中考真题）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
In the small villages f Kenya (肯尼亚), Africa, mst kids want t read bks. But n rads g t their hmes, nly miles and miles f sand. Cars and trucks are nt useful, s____46____ library bks arrive n the backs f camels. Camels can handle (应付) the sand and the bks. Tw camels, a camel driver, and a librarian (图书管理员) w____47____ t the villages tgether. One camel carries abut 180 kils f bks, and the ther carries a tent. At each village, the librarian sets up the tent and shws the b____48____ t the kids inside. Tw weeks later, the camels c____49____ back with new bks.
Sme peple in the muntains f nrthern Thailand (泰国) get bks in a d____50____ way. Their “l____51____” are carried by elephants. These animals can handle the difficult jurney. Because they are large, they can carry many bks in metal cases (金属箱). The metal prtects the bks frm the heavy rains that f____52____ in the area.
Indnesia (印度尼西亚) has its wn difficulties. The cuntry has ver 17,000 islands. Mst peple t____53____ by bat and they als carry their bks by bat. A library bat hlds(容纳) abut 500 bks in bxes. Bxes f bks are left in villages and are traded (交换) fr new bks a few weeks l____54____.
Fr peple wh live far and can’t get t a library, a library that cmes t them brings mre than bks. It brings a whle w_____55_____ f infrmatin.
【答案】46．(s)
47．(w)alk
48．(b)ks
49．(c)me
50．(d)ifferent
51．(l)ibraries
52．(f)all
53．(t)ravel
54．(l)ater
55．(w)rld
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了一些贫穷国家的一些特殊的运送图书的方式。
46．
句意：汽车和卡车没有用处，所以图书馆的书是骑在骆驼背上的。根据“Cars and trucks are nt bks arrive n the backs f camels”以及首字母可知前后两句是因果关系，前因后果，用s引导。故填(s)。
47．
句意：两只骆驼、一个骆驼司机和一个图书管理员一起步行到村庄。根据“Tw camels, a camel driver, and a librarian”以及首字母并结合上文可知汽车和卡车没有用，所以他们是步行，walk“步行”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(w)alk。
48．
句意：在每个村庄，图书管理员都会搭起帐篷，向里面的孩子们展示书籍。根据“the librarian sets up the tent and shws the kids inside”以及首字母可知图书管理员给孩子展示书籍，表泛指用名词复数bks“书”。故填(b)ks。
49．
句意：两周后，骆驼带着新书回来了。根据“back with new bks”以及首字母可知是带着新书回来，cme back“回来”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(c)me。
50．
句意：泰国北部山区的一些人以不同的方式获取书籍。根据“Sme peple in the muntains f nrthern Thailand(泰国) get bks in”以及首字母并结合下文可知泰国人获取书籍的方式也不同，修饰名词用形容词different“不同的”。故填(d)ifferent。
51．
句意：他们的“图书馆”由大象携带。根据“are carried by elephants”以及首字母可知此处指图书馆，library“图书馆”，根据are可知主语用名词复数。故填(l)ibraries。
52．
句意：金属保护书籍免受该地区的大雨影响。根据“The metal prtects the bks frm the heavy rains”以及首字母可知是下雨，fall“落下”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(f)all。
53．
句意：大多数人乘船旅行，他们也乘船携带书籍。根据“by bat and they als carry their bks by bat.”以及首字母可知是乘船旅行，travel“旅行”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(t)ravel。
54．
句意：成箱的书留在村子里，几周后被换成新书。根据“Bxes f bks are left in villages and are traded(交换) fr new bks a few weeks”以及首字母可知是几周后换新书，later“之后”。故填(l)ater。
55．
句意：它带来了很多信息。根据“It brings a infrmatin”以及首字母可知是很多信息，a wrld f“很多”。故填(w)rld。
（六）（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文完整、通顺。
When peple meet strangers, they ften have small talks. These talks are a gd way fr peple t s____1____ hell. The talks cver many tpics, such as weather, films, sprts, TV shws ____2____ the latest news. But we shuld always keep it in mind that p____3____ subjects abut mney, age, and weight shuld be avided. Besides, it’s better t ask pen-ended questins. If yu ask, “D yu like ur city?” They may say s____4____, “Yes”. If yu ask, “What d yu think f ur city?” They will have mre freedm in answering. This type f questin als shws that yu are interested in them. If yu seem interested in w____5____ peple are saying, they will feel mre cmfrtable talking with yu.
【答案】1．(s)ay
2．()r
3． (p)rivate
4．(s)imply
5．(w)hat
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了当人们遇到陌生人时，针对不同群体如何进行简短的交谈。
1．句意：这些谈话是人们打招呼的好方式。根据“These talks are a gd way fr peple ”结合首字母提示可知，此处是指打招呼，say hell符合语境，空前有不定式，动词用原形，故填(s)ay。
2．句意：谈话涉及很多话题，如天气、电影、体育、电视节目或最新的新闻。根据“such as weather, films, sprts, TV latest news.”结合首字母可知，此处是在表示列举，r符合语境，故填()r。
3．句意：但是我们应该记住，关于金钱、年龄和体重的私人话题应该避免。根据“mney, age, and weight shuld be avided”可知金钱、年龄和体重都是隐私，private“私人的”，形容词作定语，故填(p)rivate。
4．句意：他们可能会简单地说：“是的”。分析结构可知空处应用副词修饰动词，结合首字母提示应填simply“仅仅”符合语境，故填(s)imply。
5．句意：如果你对别人说的话感兴趣，他们会觉得和你交谈更舒服。分析句子可知此处是宾语从句，连接词在从句中作宾语，what符合，故填(w)hat。
（七）（2022·江苏镇江·中考真题）
根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
T many yung Chinese peple, Premier Zhu Enlai is knwn as a key funder f the New China. But f____6____ peple knw he nce wrte a martial arts nvel called Jin Gu Ying Xing.
Recently, a Sina Weib user m____7____ this nvel written by Zhu mre than a century ag. Many yung peple shwed a strng i____8____ in it and their admiratin fr the early pineers f China. Anther user psted the first page f the nvel which Zhu wrte at the a____9____ f 16. It was published under Zhu’s pseudnym(笔名) “Fei Fei” in a magazine beginning in Octber, 1914. Hwever, the nvel was never cmpleted, but it can be fund a____10____. The Early Wrks f Zhu Enlai were published by the Central Party Literature Press in 1998.
A____11____ many yung peple expressed the regret that Zhu did nt g n with the nvel, they said he played a mre imprtant rle in China’s histry. One wrte “The nvel was stpped but Premier Zhu went n t s____12____ the Chinese natin ut f danger!” Anther added, “He gave up a nvel, but he wrte a histry f m____13____ China.” A 29-year-ld cmputer engineer said, “The pineers f China are spiritual leaders fr me. Remembering them helped me build up the r____14____ values. When I face prblems in life, I am always reminded nt t f____15____ the lives f thse pineers. The difficulties I face nw are nthing cmpared with what they experienced.”
【答案】6．(f)ew
7．(m)entined
8．(i)nterest
9．(a)ge
10．(a)mng
11．(A)lthugh
12．(s)ave
13．(m)dern
14．(r)ight##(r)eal
15．(f)rget
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述了周恩来总理曾写过一部小说《金国英雄》，虽然小说没有写完，但是他在中国历史上扮演着更重要的角色，创造了一部中国近代史。
6．
句意：但很少有人知道他曾经写过一部武侠小说《金国英雄》。根据“T many yung Chinese peple, Premier Zhu Enlai is knwn as a key funder f the New China”以及“but”对比可知，此处指的是few“几乎没有”，故填(f)ew。
7．
句意：最近，一位新浪微博用户提到了周恩来一个多世纪前写的这部小说。根据“a Sina Weib nvel”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是mentin“提到”，是动词，结合上下文可知，此处应用过去式，故填(m)entined。
8．
句意：许多年轻人对它表现出浓厚的兴趣，对中国早期的先驱者表示钦佩。根据“Many yung peple shwed a it and their admiratin fr the early pineers f China.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是interest“兴趣”，空前有a修饰，名词用单数形式，故填(i)nterest。
9．
句意：另一位用户发布了周恩来16岁时写的小说的第一页。根据“at 16”及首字母提示可知，此处是at the age f“在……岁时”，故填(a)ge。
10．
句意：然而，小说从未完成，但却能在其中找到它。根据“ It was published under Zhu’s pseudnym(笔名) “Fei Fei” in a magazine beginning in Octber, nvel was never cmpleted, but it can be Early Wrks f Zhu Enlai published by the Central Party Literature Press in 1998.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“在之前发表的杂志中可以找到”，此处应用amng“在……中”，故填(a)mng。
11．
句意：尽管许多年轻人对周恩来未能继续创作这部小说表示遗憾，但他们表示，周恩来在中国历史上扮演着更重要的角色。根据“many yung peple expressed the regret that Zhu did nt g n with the nvel, they said he played a mre imprtant rle in China’s histry.”及首字母提示可知，此处应用althugh“虽然”引导让步状语从句，故填(A)lthugh。
12．
句意：有人写道：“小说被叫停了，但周总理继续把中华民族从危险中拯救出来！”根据“The nvel was stpped but”及首字母提示可知，此处在说“周总理继续拯救中华民族”，故填(s)ave。
13．
句意：另一个补充道：“他放弃了一部小说，但他写了一部中国近代史。”根据“wrte a histry ”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“创造了一部中国近代史”，mdern“现代的”，故填(m)dern。
14．
句意：记住它们帮助我建立正确的价值观。根据首字母提示及“When I face prblems in life, I am always reminded nt lives f thse pineers.”可知，此处指的是right/real“正确的/真的”价值观，故填(r)ight/(r)eal。
15．
句意：当我面对生活中的问题时，我总是被提醒不要忘记那些开拓者的生活。根据“I am always reminded nt lives f thse pineers.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“不会忘记……”，frget“忘记”，故填(f)rget。
（八）（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，补全空格内单词，使短文完整、通顺（请在答题卡上写出完整单词）。
It was a beautiful fall day. I was ut riding my bicycle. I guessed I rde ver a hle in the rad. All f a sudden, WHAM(砰)! I fell ff my bicycle. My right side really h__16__!
My head hit the grund h__17__. I lay there fr a few minutes. I tried t get up, b__18__ I failed! “There must be s__19__ wrng with me,” I thught. I felt s t__20__ that I had t still lie there. Then I saw b__21__ n my she. My hand and knee were bleeding.
As I lay there, I tk ff my helmet. There was a sharp rck sticking ut f it. I lked at it in f__22__. Thank gdness I wre my helmet!
I shuted fr help. At that time, a truck went by. The driver s__23__ his truck and came t help me. He put my bicycle in the back f his truck and drve me t the hspital.
When my mther gt t the hspital, she gave me a big hug(拥抱). “I’m s glad yu were wearing yur helmet. The helmet saved yur life,” she said. She knew I was c__24__ befre and did nt always wear my helmet. “Mum, it was nt the helmet i__25__ that saved my life, but safety awareness did. I’ll ride my bicycle with great care later n!”
【答案】16．(h)urt
17．(h)eavily
18．(b)ut
19．(s)mething
20．(t)errible
21．(b)ld
22．(f)ear
23．(s)tpped
24．(c)areless
25．(i)tself
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述了作者在骑车时重重的摔倒，安全意识救了他的命的故事。
16．句意：我的右侧真的很痛！根据“I fell ff my bicycle.”和首字母可知，此处是指受伤了。hurt“受伤”，动词；本文主体时态为一般过去时，hurt的过去式还是hurt。故填(h)urt。
17．句意：我的头重重地撞在地上。根据“I lay there fr a few minutes.”和首字母可知，此处是指重重地摔在地下。heavily“重重地”，副词修饰动词。故填(h)eavily。
18．句意：我想站起来，但我失败了！根据“I failed!”可知，句子前后是转折关系，结合首字母可知是连词but“但是”。故填(b)ut。
19．句意：我一定有什么问题。根据“There must with me,”可知，作者的脑袋重重地摔在地上且站不起来，结合首字母可知应是smething“一些东西”。固定短语there is smething wrng with sb.“某人出了……问题”。故填(s)mething。
20．句意：我感到非常糟糕，以至于不得不仍然躺在那里。根据“I had t still lie there.”和首字母可知，作者摔在地上且站不起来，这是很糟糕的。terrible“糟糕的”，形容词。故填(t)errible。
21．句意：然后我看到我的鞋上有血。根据“My hand and knee were bleeding.”可知，此处是看到鞋子上的血。应用名词形式bld“血”，作动词的宾语。故填(b)ld。
22．句意：我害怕地看着它。根据“There was a sharp rck sticking ut f it.”和首字母可知，作者很害怕。固定短语in fear“害怕地，恐惧地”。故填(f)ear。
23．句意：司机停下他的卡车来帮助我。根据“came t help me.”和首字母可知，司机是停下了车。stp“停止”，动词；本文主体时态为一般过去时，stp的过去式为stpped。故填(s)tpped。
24．句意：她知道我以前粗心，并不总是戴头盔。根据“did nt always wear my helmet.”和首字母可知，作者不总戴口罩，应是粗心的。careless“粗心的”，形容词。故填(c)areless。
25．句意：妈妈，救我的不是头盔本身，而是安全意识。根据“safety awareness did.”和首字母可知，此处是指头盔本身。应用“the helmet”对应的反身代词itself“它自己”。故填(i)tself。