备战2025年高考英语精品教案 第二部分 学透语法 强化动词篇 专题三 谓语动词（Word版附解析）

这是一份备战2025年高考英语精品教案 第二部分 学透语法 强化动词篇 专题三 谓语动词（Word版附解析），共24页。
考向1 动词的时态 [全国卷5年29考]
1.[2023 新高考Ⅱ，65]As a little girl， I wished （wish） t be a zkeeper when I grew up.
2.[2022新高考Ⅱ，62]Henry was fixing （fix） his car when he heard the screams.
3.[2021北京，13]When yu sleep， yur t link new experiences t ld memries. As it cnnects （cnnect） things， yur brain turns them int a stry， and yu get a dream.
4.[2021天津3月，3]We have dne （d） quite enugh wrk fr the mrning； nw let’s take a break.
5.[2020浙江，61]By abut 6 000 BC， peple had discvered （discver） the best crps t grw and animals t raise.
6.[浙江高考，56]When every pupil in the schl wears the unifrm， nbdy has/will have （have） t wrry abut fashin（时尚）.
7.[全国Ⅱ，66]I lve cming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have made （make） ver the years.
全国卷语法填空对于动词时态的考查涉及一般现在时（必考，5年12考）、一般过去时（必考，5年14考）和现在完成时（常考，5年3考）；地方卷还会涉及对过去完成时、一般将来时等时态的考查。
考生通常可以根据句中明显的时间标志词（如左边第5、7题）和上下文时态来判断时态，但尤其要注意没有明显时间状语的试题。
1.[2023北京，11]Sn after mving t Switzerland， I threw （thrw） a huse-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests shwed up exactly n time.
2.[2023北京，13]Years later， having mved t France， I turned up at the appinted hur fr a dinner， nly t find that n ther guest had arrived （arrive） and my hstess was still in her sleeping suit.
3.[2023浙江1月，60]The large siheyuan f these high-ranking fficials and wealthy businessmen ften featured （feature） beautifully carved and painted rf beams and pillars（柱子）.
4.[2022新高考Ⅰ，58]The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that were （be） previusly unprtected， bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity t increase effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
5.[2022浙江，63]When he felt a 3D versin f Lenard da Vinci’s "Mna Lisa"， he nticed （ntice） her smile right away.
6.[2022北京，13]Eventually， the man caught （catch） up with her， and he was nly trying t return her wallet！
7.[2021新高考Ⅰ，61]Yu can’t help wndering hw hard it was （be） fr the peple then t put all thse rcks int place.
8.[2021浙江， 65]After Lincln was elected President f the US in 1861， they rented the huse and sld （sell） mst f their furniture.
9.[2020全国Ⅰ， 61]The unmanned Chang’e-4 prbe（探测器） — the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese mn gddess — tuched （tuch） dwn last week in the Suth Ple-Aitken basin.
10.[2020浙江，65]New methds meant （mean） that fewer peple wrked in farming. In the last century r s...
11.[全国Ⅱ， 66]I lve cming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have made （make） ver the years.
12.[全国Ⅲ，65]Our hsts shared many f their experiences and recmmended （recmmend） wnderful places t eat， shp， and visit.
13.[浙江高考，62]One study in America fund that students’ grades imprved （imprve） a little after the schl intrduced unifrms.
考向2 动词的语态 [全国卷5年9考]
8.[2023 全国甲，70]Carsn prves that a simple literary frm that has been passed dwn thrugh the ages can still be emplyed （emply）tday t draw attentin t imprtant truths.
9.[2023 全国乙，67]Having visited several times ver the last 10 years， I am amazed （amaze） by the c-existence f ld and new， and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage（遗产） while cnstantly grwing.
10.[2023 浙江1月，59]Citizens f higher scial classes were permitted （permit） t live clser t the center f the circles.
11.[北京高考，9]A rescue wrker risked his life saving tw turists wh had been trapped （trap） in the muntains fr tw days.
被动语态在全国卷语法填空中的考查主要涉及：
1.一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态；
2.情态动词后的被动语态。
地方卷中会涉及其他时态的被动语态。
1.[2023浙江1月，59]Citizens f higher scial classes were permitted （permit） t live clser t the center f the circles.
2.[2021浙江，60]Mary’s niece wrte， "The little hme was painted （paint） white. It was sweet and fresh..."
3.[2020全国Ⅲ，63]The artist was sure he wuld be chsen （chse）， but when he presented his masterpiece t the emperr’s chief minister， the ld man laughed.
4.[2020浙江，59]And， as mre children were brn， mre fd was needed （need）.
5.[全国Ⅲ，69]On the last day f ur week-lng stay， we were invited （invite） t attend a private cncert n a beautiful farm n the Nrth Shre under the stars， listening t musicians and meeting interesting lcals.
考向3 主谓一致 [全国卷5年20考]
12.[2023 全国乙，70]The remarkable develpment f this city， which is cnsciusly designed t prtect the past while stepping int the mdern wrld， means （mean） there is always smething new t discver here， and I culd be phtgraphing Beijing fr the next 50 years.
13.[2021新高考Ⅱ，63]One f the biggest cmpanies I wrte t was （be） Alaska Airlines.
14.[2020新高考Ι，60]The parts f a museum pen t the public are called （call） galleries r rms.
15.[2020全国Ⅱ，62]This is why decrating with plants， fruits and flwers carries （carry） special significance.
16.[2020新高考Ⅱ，63]Because the number f pssible tpics is （be） practically limitless， we fcus n a sample f the mst interesting and useful applicatins and tls and explain the basic principles f technlgy.
17.[2020江苏，22]If yu lk at all sides f the situatin， yu’ll find prbably a slutin that suits （suit） everyne.
18.[天津高考，8]Amy， as well as her brthers， was given （give） a warm welcme when returning t the village last week.
语法填空中的主谓一致通常会与动词的时态和语态放在一起考查。近几年全国卷除了考查代词或名词作主语时的主谓一致外，还涉及：
1.非谓语动词作主语；
2."ne f＋可数名词复数"作主语；
3."the number f＋可数名词复数"作主语。
地方卷还会涉及there be结构的考查，以及主语后接as well as或alng with等短语时谓语动词的考查情况。
1.[2023北京，16]Up t nw， China has established （establish） a number f prtected areas with mangrves.
2.[2022北京，16]Gas naturally has （have） n recgnisable smell.
3.[2020全国Ⅰ，67 & 68]"This really excites scientists，"Carle Pieters， a scientist at Brwn University， says， "because it means （mean） we have the chance t btain infrmatin abut hw the mn is cnstructed （cnstruct）."
4.[全国Ⅰ， 70]Of the nineteen recgnized plar bear subppulatins， three are declining， six are （be） stable， ne is increasing， and nine lack enugh data.
5.[江苏高考，22]The musician alng with his band members has given （give） ten perfrmances in the last three mnths.
注意
1. 情态动词通常会与被动语态一起考查。
2. 虚拟语气在近几年的全国卷中都没有考查，地方卷偶有考查在suggest， advise等后的名词性从句中的用法。
考点一 动词的时态
下表为动词各种时态的形式（以d为例），加粗的为课标要求掌握的十大时态，其余了解即可。
一、一般现在时 （d/des）
1.表示经常或习惯性的动作或状态，也可表示现时的情况或状态等。常用的时间状语有always，usually，ften，smetimes，every day等。
New Year in Chinese peple’s eyes means a family reunin. Every year sees （see） the largest annual mass migratin n the planet when ne sixth f the wrld’s ppulatin travels hme t celebrate with their families.
see在此处表示"见证"。
2.表示客观事实、普遍真理，不受主句的时态限制。
The gegraphy teacher tld his students that the earth mves （mve） arund the sun.
3.在时间、条件状语从句中要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
My mther will be very angry with me when she finds （find） ut I’m lying.
4.be动词及少数动作动词，如cme，g，leave，arrive，fly，return，start，begin，pen，clse，end，stp，depart等，常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，表示按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。
The flight takes （take） ff at 8：30 every Wednesday and Friday.
二、一般过去时（did）
1.表示过去某个特定时间或某段时间内所发生的动作或存在的状态。常与yesterday，last year，three years ag，the ther day，just nw，then，in 1999，at that time等时间状语连用。
[2022新高考Ⅱ，63]He quickly threw （thrw） his tls aside， and started running， arms ut.
2.在表示时间或条件等的状语从句中代替过去将来时。
He knew by the time he arrived （arrive） she wuld have prepared everything fr him.
3.用于虚拟语气中，表示与现在事实相反的行为或状态。
Jack is a great talker. It’s high time that he did （d） smething instead f just talking.
三、一般将来时
1."shall/will＋动词原形"表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。"will＋动词原形"还可以表示说话时临时作出的决定。
Hw lng will yu stay in Shanghai？ 你将在上海待多久？
2."be ging t＋动词原形"表示按计划、打算要做某事或某种迹象预示着要发生某事。
Lk at the dark cluds. It is ging t rain.看那些乌云，要下雨了。
3."be t＋动词原形"表示按计划、约定或按职责、义务必须做的事或即将发生的动作。
I am t pick up my friend at the airprt this afternn. 今天下午我要去机场接朋友。
4."be abut t＋动词原形"表示正要或即将做某事，不与具体的表示未来的时间状语连用。
Wrk is abut t start n a new factry building.新厂房即将动工。
A gap year is abut gaining skills that will help （help） yu in the future.
四、现在进行时（am/is/are ding）
1.表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。
Srry， I can’t spare time fr the cleaning. I am planning （plan） ur schedule fr the business trip nw.
2.某些表示位置移动的动词，如g，cme，leave，arrive，start，mve等，可用现在进行时表示即将发生或计划要做的动作。
A plice fficer is giving a lecture n hw t prtect us frm nline crime this afternn. 一名警官下午将会做一场关于如何保护我们免遭网络犯罪的讲座。
五、过去进行时（was/were ding）
1.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。常用的时间状语有：then， at that time， at this time yesterday等。
Tim was watching （watch） Tuching China n CCTV with his family at this time yesterday.
2.表示动作在另一个过去的动作发生时正在进行，常与when，while引导的时间状语从句连用。
They were advancing （advance） alng the path when a stream stpped them.
3.一些非延续性动词可用过去进行时表示过去按计划或安排将要发生的动作，常见动词有g，cme，leave，start，arrive等。
Tm had t pack his things up quickly， because he was tld that this taxi was leaving （leave） in 2 minutes.
六、将来进行时（will/shall be ding）
表示将来某一时刻或某一段时间里正在进行或持续的动作。常与at 8：00 am tmrrw， in the next tw mnths等时间状语连用。
By the time yu arrive hme， I will be sleeping （sleep） then， s please dn’t make any nise.
七、现在完成时（have/has dne）
1.表示过去发生并已完成的某个动作，强调对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，常与yet， already， just， befre， recently， lately， ever等时间状语连用。
Thanks t advances in technlgy， the way we make friends and cmmunicate with them has changed （change） significantly.
2.表示开始于过去、持续到现在并可能持续下去的动作或状态。常与these days， up t nw， s far，"fr＋时间段"或"since＋时间点"等连用。
[2021浙江，56]It desn’t impress like Gerge Washingtn’s plantatin n the Ptmac， but Lincln’s hme in dwntwn Springfield， Illinis， has prved/has prven （prve） irresistible t visitrs since it pened t the public.
3.常用现在完成时的固定句型：
This/It is the ＋（that）从句.(从句用现在完成时）This/It is the＋形容词最高级＋名词＋（that）从句.(从句用现在完成时）It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句.(主句用现在完成时或一般现在时，从句用一般过去时）
I am nt familiar with the sng — it’s the first time I have heard （hear） it.
八、过去完成时（had dne）
1.表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已经完成或结束的动作，即"过去的过去"。
Befre getting int the car， I thught I had learned/had learnt （learn） the instructr’s rders， but nce I started the car， my mind went blank. I frgt what he had said （say） t me altgether.
2.表示在过去某一时刻之前已经开始，一直持续到这一过去时刻的动作或状态。常和fr， by， until， befre等构成的时间状语连用。
In Beijing， there had been （be） mre than 21，100 peple n the list by the end f 2017 since the city started a bdy dnatin registry in 1999.
3.常用过去完成时的固定句型：
(主句用过去完成时） (主句用过去完成时）This/It was the ＋（that）从句.(从句用过去完成时）
My parents were very anxius abut me， because it was the first time that I had lived （live） abrad alne.
4.表示"希望、认为、打算"的动词（如hpe， want， expect， think， mean， plan， intend等）用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现。
[天津高考，2]I had hped （hpe） t send Peter a gift t cngratulate him n his marriage， but I culdn’t manage it.
九、过去将来时（wuld/shuld d）
1.表示从过去的某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。
Margret prmised that she wuld call （call） us when she went back t Washingtn.
2.三种表示过去将来时的特殊结构：
was/were ging t d (过去打算或计划将要做某事）was/were abut t d (过去即将要发生的动作）was/were t d (过去计划要做或命中注定）
We were ging t have a barbecue but the rain ruined ur plan. 我们打算露天烧烤，但因为下雨，计划泡汤了。
I saw the sup was abut t bil ver， s I turned the gas ff. 我看到汤快要溢出来，所以我关掉了煤气。
At cllege， Barack Obama didn’t knw that he was t becme the first African-American president f the United States f America. 在上大学时，贝拉克·奥巴马不知道他将成为美国第一位非洲裔总统。
十、现在完成进行时（have/has been ding）
1.表示开始于过去某个时间，一直延续到现在并且会继续进行下去的动作。常与these days，recently，lately，in the past/last＋时间段，since＋时间点，fr＋时间段等连用。
[2020天津， 2]—Yu are a great swimmer.
—Thanks. It’s because I have been practising （practise） a lt these days.
2.表示到目前为止的一段时间里一直在反复进行的动作。
We have been seeing each ther quite a lt recently. 最近我们常常见面。
1.Impressed by the beauty f a desert beside the Yellw River， Wang Wei stpped ff and wrte （write） a timeless classic pem："In the vast desert rises straight， lnely smke； the grand， lng river reflects （reflect） the rund setting sun."
2.Over the past decade， a glbal push t reduce hunger and extreme pverty has marked （mark） sme significant success.
3.It was time fr me t try my hand， s I tk up the brush， dipped （dip） it in the ink， and carefully wrte "ne" in Chinese.
4.When we read a pem， we ften imagine what the pets were thinking （think） when they wrte r what they were ding at the time.
5.Fr the past fur days I have been taking （take） part in a disability arts festival as a member f a chir （合唱团） set up specially t perfrm at this festival. Lking frward t the day f perfrmance！
6.By the time he was furteen years ld， Einstein had learned/had learnt （learn） advanced mathematics all by himself.
7.If we keep n ding this practice， gradually， we will learn （learn） hw t express urselves in English better.
8.Justin aplgized t his teacher and prmised that he wuld crrect （crrect） his mistakes.
9.I had expected （expect） t attend anther lecture but time didn’t permit.
10.—Hi， let’s g skating.
—Srry， I’m busy right nw. I am filling （fill） in an applicatin frm fr a new jb.
11.Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 ’clck this afternn because she will be teaching （teach） a class at that time.
12.I believe that all yur hard wrk tday will pay （pay） ff in the future.
13.Alice was whispering （whisper） a stry t her daughter in the sitting rm when she heard a sharp scream.
14.Being raised in a family f teachers， I have gtten （get） plenty f chances t cnnect myself with literature since a yung age.
15.As China’s largest panda breeding center， Chengdu attracts （attract） tens f millins f panda lvers every year.
考点二 动词的语态
一、被动语态的构成
Due t the ideal lcatin， Yellw Crane Twer was built （build） by Sun Quan as a watchtwer fr his army.
Mnths ag we sailed ten thusand miles acrss this pen sea， which is called （call） the Pacific， and we met n strms.
The students have been wrking hard n their lessns and their effrts will be rewarded （reward） with success in the end.
Shakespeare’s play Hamlet has been adapted （adapt） fr different films ver the past years.
After schl we went t the reading rm t d sme reading， nly t be tld that it was being decrated （decrate）.
二、无被动语态的动词（短语）
1.不及物动词（短语）：happen， ccur， take place， remain， run ut， break ut等。
2.少数及物动词（短语）：lack， benefit， mean（意思是）， belng t， suffer frm， date back t， cnsist f等。常考查其作非谓语的用法。
Mrs. Smith says the secret t her beauty lies in her special diet， cnsisting （cnsist） f rganic vegetables， fruit and nuts grwn in her wn garden.
In the sixteenth century， fruit and vegetables were t be fund nly in gardens belnging （belng） t wealthy peple.
三、主动形式表被动意义
1."系动词lk， sund， feel， smell， taste等＋形容词/名词"。
The water felt （feel） cl when I jumped int the pl fr mrning exercise.
2."need， require， want， be wrth等＋v-ing"。
My watch can’t wrk； it needs repairing/t be repaired （repair）.
It’s wrth making （make） an appintment befre yu g.
3.read，write，sell，wash，clean，ck，draw等表示主语的某种属性特征或功能的动词，常与well，easily，smthly等副词连用，表示被动意义。
The nvel sells （sell） well， s the manager has placed anther rder in the printing huse.
1.This kind f clth has been sld ut in n time at the trade fair because it washes （wash） very easily.
2.Mre effrts， as reprted， will be made （make） in the years ahead t accelerate the supply-side structural refrm.
3.The Mid-Autumn Festival is a very imprtant traditinal festival in China， which takes its name frm the fact that it is celebrated （celebrate） in the middle f autumn.
4.The twer which is being restred （restre） will be pen t turists sn. As we can see， the wrk is almst finished.
5.By the time he was 30， he had been regarded （regard） as ne f the utstanding sculptrs.
6.Our ftball team was defeated （defeat） by the visiting team， which made ur fans sad and disappinted.
7.Dr. Manteca has made it clear that his private cllectins will be left （leave） t the Natinal Gallery after he dies.
8.Currently， abut 35，000 wrks are being displayed （display） in ver 300 rms in the Luvre， and it takes a lifetime t see everything.
9.The Chinese writing system cnsists （cnsist） f thusands f characters， each with its wn artistic structure and strke rder（笔顺）.
10.It’s a pity that few students nwadays are keen n reading classics which I think are really wrth reading （read）.
考点三 主谓一致
一、语法一致原则
语法一致原则即主语和谓语动词在人称和单复数形式上保持一致。
1.单个动名词（短语）、不定式（短语）或从句作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。
Althugh medical science has achieved cntrl ver several dangerus diseases， what wrries us is （be） that sme f them are returning.
2.主语后接with， alng with， tgether with， like， except， but， besides， as well as等时，谓语动词的单复数形式与这些词前的主语保持一致。
The utstanding atmsphere， as well as varius activities， has drawn （draw）many students t ur schl these three years.
3.定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中的谓语动词的单复数形式要与先行词保持一致。
Peple in mdern times can read the classic wrks which were written （write） by writers in ancient times.
二、意义一致原则
Abut three quarters f the surface f the earth is cvered （cver） by water.
The factry used 65 percent f the raw materials， the rest f which were saved （save） fr ther purpses.
[2020天津， 9]The number f medical schls reached 18 in the early 1990s and has remained （remain） arund that level ever since.
There is n dubt that every by and every girl wishes （wish） t attend the party t be held n Sunday.
With the develpment f mdern agriculture and industry， large quantities f waste are created （create） every day. Every year， a large quantity f mney is spent （spend） n envirnmental prtectin.
A survey f the pinins f experts shws that three hurs f utdr exercise a week is （be） gd fr ne’s health.
S far， every pssible means has been tried （try）t save the miners trapped in the cal mine.
The ppulatin f ur cuntry is very large and abut 36 percent f it are rural residents. （be）
The pet and artist is （be） Lin Hua’s grandfather. He tells us a lt abut Chinese literature and painting.
此处诗人和艺术家指的是同一人。
In the past three days， many a sldier has been sent （send） t Hebei Prvince t help save peple trapped in the fld.
In China， the yung have （have） great respect fr the elders， because the Chinese believe （believe） that ld peple pssess much mre wisdm.
三、就近一致原则
1.由either （或者……或者……），neither （既不……也不……，两者都不），nt nly ... but als...（不但……而且……）， r （或者）， whether （是……还是……），nt （不是……而是……）等连接的并列名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式与最靠近的名词或代词保持一致。
Either yu r ne f yur students is （be） t attend the meeting that is due tmrrw.
Nt nly I but als Albert and Mary are （be） fnd f physics， while Rbert likes maths.
2.there/here be句型中有并列主语时，谓语动词be在数上与最靠近的主语保持一致。
There is （be） a cmputer and three chairs in my new ffice.
1.He is the nly ne f the students that is （be） a winner f the schlarship every year.
2.Over the past 3 years， mre than ne bk abut space explratin has been published （publish） all ver the wrld.
3.After weeks f research， this new species is/was identified （identify） as part f the saurpd（蜥脚类恐龙） family f dinsaurs.
4.The cuple as well as their daughter are enjying （enjy） themselves in the park nw.
5.Thus， bth f them were （be）wrried abut what had happened and turned t their head teacher fr help.
6.My village， where the climate and the landscape are （be） pleasant， lies in the muntains in suthwest China.
7.The university estimates that living expenses f internatinal students are arund $8，450 a year， which is a burden fr many families. （be）
8.The fact is that there is nly ne crrect answer t this questin. Either yu r I am （be） wrng.
9.A survey shws that 80％ f the middle-aged in this city are （be） in favur f the prpsal fr health care refrm.
10.Large quantities f fd have been sent （send） t the fld-stricken victims in the past few days.
11.S far， reading has becme （becme） such an imprtant part in my life that I can hardly imagine what life wuld be like withut reading.
12.Every pssible means has been used （use） t prevent the air pllutin， but the sky is still nt clear.
13.There are a number f clubs in ur schl and the number f members is still grwing. （be）
14.What is amazing abut these earth buildings is （be） the fact that sme f them are ver 700 years ld， surviving natural disasters， including earthquakes.
15.He is capable f dealing with tugh prblems and all f us are willing t wrk with him. （be）
考点四 情态动词
一、情态动词的基本用法
二、情态动词＋have dne
What a pity！ Cnsidering his ability and experience， he culd have dne （d） better.
It’s 9：00 nw. Jenny shuld have finished （finish） her hmewrk.
用适当的情态动词填空（必要时加nt）
1.—I dn’t really like James. Why did yu invite him？
—Dn’t wrry. He may/might nt cme. He said he wasn’t certain abut his plans.
2.I can’t thank yu t much fr all yur help t my sn while we were away frm hme.
3.I dn’t think yu shuld give up because yu have been practising fr s lng！
4.When he wrked there， he wuld have a walk alng the river every mrning.
5.Yu knw he wn’t let us leave early if we dn’t get the wrk dne.
6.In my pinin， yu shuld leave him alne fr the time being t allw him t calm dwn.
7.Yu mustn’t play with the knife， r yu may hurt yurself.
8.—Must I finish the jb this Friday？
—N， yu needn’t . Yu may finish it befre 6：00 pm.
9.It must have rained last night， fr the rad is quite muddy.
10.Whever breaks the schl rules will/shuld/shall surely be punished.
考点五 虚拟语气
一、if条件状语从句中的虚拟语气
If the new safety system had been put （put） t use， the tragedy this mrning wuld never have happened.
二、含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气
有时假设的条件不通过条件状语从句表达出来，而是暗含在某些词或短语中，或隐含在上下文中。最常用的表达有：withut， r， therwise， but fr等。
—D yu have Betty’s phne number？
—N. Otherwise， I shuld/wuld/culd/might have been （be） able t reach her yesterday.
三、表示"命令、建议、要求等"的动词或名词后的从句中的虚拟语气[（shuld＋）动词原形]
1.常见的此类动词有：一坚持（insist），二命令（rder， cmmand），三建议（suggest， advise， prpse），四要求（require， request， demand， desire）。
He insisted that she was （be） seriusly ill and that she （shuld） be sent （send） t hspital at nce.
They advise that yu （shuld） carry （carry） a passprt at all times.
It is suggested that sunscreen （shuld） be applied （apply） every ne t tw hurs in a sunny day.
提示
1.insist作"坚决要求，坚持"讲时，用来表示一种要求、请求，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气；而insist作"坚持认为，坚持说"讲时，用于陈述一种看法、实情，其后的从句用陈述语气。
He insisted that he was inncent.他坚持认为他是无辜的。
2.suggest作"建议"讲时，用来表示一种意见，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气；而suggest作"表明，暗示"讲时，用于陈述一种实际情况，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气。
What he said suggested that he was a fraud. 他说的话表明他是个骗子。
2.常见的此类名词有：advice， suggestin， prpsal， request， requirement， rder， demand， desire等。
My suggestin was that schls （shuld） take （take） necessary measures t keep the children away frm vilence in schls.
He gave the rder that all the guests （shuld） be greeted （greet） warmly as they arrived.
四、固定句式中的虚拟语气
The pills might have helped him， if nly he had taken （take） them regularly.
I wish I wuld/shuld/culd/might climb （climb） the Great Wall with yu tmrrw， but I’m preparing fr the cming exam.
She is s keen n beautifying her selfies（自拍照片） that she lks as if she were （be） ten years yunger in the phts.
1.It is suggested that parents （shuld） limit （limit） children’s screen time.
2.If the ambulance had cme here sner last night， the patient wuld/shuld/culd/might be （be） alive nw.
3.I wish I were （be） an architect because then I wuld be able t design my wn huse.
4.They wuld/shuld/culd/might have arrived （arrive） at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.
5.Why didn’t yu tell me abut yur truble last week？ If yu had tld （tell） me， I culd have helped.
6.Bb wuld/shuld/culd/might have helped （help） us yesterday， but he was t busy.
7.The requirement is that children （shuld） be allwed （allw） t read what they want t read.
8.Lk at the truble I am in！ If nly I had taken （take） yur advice！
9.It’s high time that yu gt/shuld get （get） rid f yur bad eating habits.
10.What a pity！ Yu missed the sightseeing， r we wuld/shuld/culd/might have had （have） a gd time tgether.
一、单句语法填空
1.[2024上海中学模考]There are （be） nine lakes in this area which vary in size and shape.
2.[2024湖南株洲二模]Le wanted t catch the cat， but it ran away and hid （hide） behind the bushes in the garden.
3.[2024广东广州检测]S far， mre than 500 students have signed （sign） up fr the marathn t he held next mnth.
4.[2024天津滨海新区三模]It was the first time that he had visited （visit） Xinjiang， and was amazed by the breathtaking scenery.
5. Have yu ever been upset when left talking t yurself after yur mbile phne battery runs （run） ut in the middle f a call？
6. Our schl ffers many ptinal curses this term， each f which appeals （appeal） t many students.
7. Lk！ The plice are searching （search） the wds nw and surely the thief will be caught （catch） very sn.
8. In 1997 and 2000， nine f the best-knwn classical gardens f Suzhu were added （add） t the UNESCO Wrld Heritage List.
9.In recent years， much wrk has been dne （d） t prtect ur intangible cultural heritage.
10.Du Fu is cnsidered （cnsider） t be ne f the greatest pets f the Tang Dynasty in China.
11.[2024天津武清区开学考]— Excuse me， is the bk Gne with the Wind by Margaret Mitchell available nw？
— Srry， it sells （sell） s well that we dn’t have any n sale.
12.[2024河南四市统考]Baduanjin cnsists （cnsist） f eight mvements， using limbs t stimulate meridians（经脉） inside the bdy.
13.[2024广东深圳段考]Jim was watching （watch） a late night film at hme when the televisin went blank.
14.[2024河南南阳段考]I had intended （intend） t say hell t Linda， but she gt int her car and drve ff befre I culd say a wrd.
【点拨】 had intended t d sth.本打算做某事但未做。
15.[2024陕西西安质检]Only when I had anther failure in my jb-seeking did I realize knwledge is （be） valuable.
【点拨】 普遍真理。
16.[2024天津二模]Abut 60 percent f the new students this year are frm the suth and the rest f them are frm the nrth and freign cuntries. （be）
17.[2024江西百师联盟联考]The earliest piece f guqin in China， unearthed in Hubei prvince in 2016， dates （date） back t the Zhu Dynasty.
18.Guide dgs ffer scial， physical and mental benefits t sme peple wh are blind. Training them is an expensive and lng prcess.（be）
19.Ladies and gentlemen， please turn ff yur cell phnes and laptps. The plane is taking （take） ff.
【点拨】 现在进行时表将来。
20.The gvernment has made it clear that thse wh spread rumrs n purpse will be punished （punish） severely.
21.[2024福建福州开学考]Befre cming t China， Mary expected （expect） the lcal buildings t be in a traditinal style jut like the nes she wuld encunter when watching （watch） mvies.
22.[2024福建厦门段考]The career yu have decided defines （define） yur life， and s taking time t think abut it is （be） an essential exercise.
23.[2024广西柳州二校联考]Beijing shadw puppetry（皮影戏） has experienced （experience） a lng perid f frmatin and nw features （feature） unique perfrmance methds.
【点拨】 feature v.以……为特色。
24.They had （have） a traffic jam n their way t schl and what made it wrse was （be） that it began t rain.
【点拨】 主语从句作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。
25.I advised that he （shuld） be sent （send） t the hspital at nce， but he insisted that he felt （feel） quite well then.
【点拨】 虚拟语气；insist在此意为"坚持说"。
26.The earliest wdblck printing was invented （invent） during the Tang Dynasty. Althugh we have entered （enter） the digital age， wdblck printing remains a crucial milestne in the printing technlgy.
二、语篇语法填空
[2024江苏校际联考]Ancient Chinese healing methds 1 （spread） alng the Silk Rad fr ver tw millennia， but the Belt and Rad Initiative （BRI） has further bsted the internatinalizatin f the traditinal Chinese medicine （TCM）.
Currently celebrating its 10th anniversary， the BRI， 2 aims t better cnnect the wrld and prmte cmmn prsperity， has brught the healing pwer f TCM 3 mre cuntries and regins， bridging different cultures and encuraging internatinal cperatin.
In Budapest， the Qihuang Traditinal Chinese Medicine Center f Hungary （Qihuang Center） prvides 4 ray f hpe fr patients seeking relief frm varius health issues. One such patient is Jzsef Freny， a 78-year-ld 5 （retire） teacher wh suffered frm hearing impairment due t an inflammatin（发炎） f the middle ear five years ag. Since then， he had t use a hearing aid — until he visited the Qihuang Center tw mnths ag when a "miracle" 6 （ccur）.
After 7 （receive） mre than 10 acupuncture treatments by TCM expert Zhang Haifang， frm nrthwest China’s Gansu Prvince， Jzsef’s hearing imprved 8 （significant）. He n lnger needs the hearing aid.
The center has als helped Jzsef’s sn， Csaba Freny， wh has been struggling with besity-related health 9 （issue）. A cmbinatin f acupuncture and herbal medicine treatments helped him lse nine kilgrams within a mnth， easing 10 （he） back and knee pains.
中国古代的治疗方法已经沿着丝绸之路传播了两千多年，但"一带一路"倡议（BRI）进一步推动了中医药的国际化。
1.have spread/have been spreading 时态。句意：中国古代的治疗方法已经沿着丝绸之路传播了两千多年，但"一带一路"倡议（BRI）进一步推动了中医药的国际化。分析句子可知，空处作谓语动词，由时间状语fr ver tw millennia可知，此处应用现在完成时，也可使用现在完成进行时强调"传播"这一动作一直持续到现在。故填have spread/have been spreading。
2.which 定语从句。句意：今年是"一带一路"倡议提出10周年，"一带一路"倡议以更好地连接世界、促进共同繁荣为宗旨，将中医药治病的力量带到更多国家和地区，消除了不同文化之间的隔阂，促进了国际合作。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指物，且在从句中作主语。故填which。
3.t 介词。此处为动词短语"把……带到……"。故填t。
4.a 冠词。句意：在布达佩斯，匈牙利岐黄中医药中心（岐黄中心）为那些寻求缓解各种健康问题的患者带来了一线希望。a ray f hpe"一线希望"。故填a。
5.retired 形容词。句意：一位78岁的退休教师Jzsef Freny就是这样一个病人，他五年前因为中耳发炎而听力受损。由空后名词teacher可知，此处应填形容词retired"退休的"作定语。故填retired。
6.ccurred 时态。句意：从那以后，他不得不使用助听器——直到两个月前他来到岐黄中心，一个"奇迹"发生了。分析句子可知，空处作when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词，由句中动词visited可知，句子使用一般过去时。故填ccurred。
7.receiving 非谓语动词。句意：来自中国西北部甘肃省的中医药专家张海芳给他做了十几次针灸治疗后，Jzsef的听力有了明显好转。由空前介词After可知，空处应填receive的v-ing形式作宾语。故填receiving。
8.significantly 副词。此处应填significant的副词形式作状语，修饰动词imprved。故填significantly。
9.issues 名词复数。句意：Jzsef的儿子Csaba Freny一直在与肥胖相关的健康问题作斗争，该中心也帮助了他。issue作"问题"讲时为可数名词，且此处指多种健康问题，应用名词复数形式。故填issues。
10.his 代词。句意：针灸和草药治疗的结合帮助他在一个月内减掉了9千克，缓解了他背部和膝盖的疼痛。此处需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词短语back and knee pains。故填his。
三、写作运用
现你校英语报组织征文比赛，请以"我心中最伟大的科学家"为题，写一篇英语短文参赛。内容包括：
1.人物简介； 2.人物事迹； 3.人物精神。
The Greatest Scientist in My Heart
Madame Curie was a wrld-famus wman scientist， wh was brn int a teacher’s family in Pland in 1867 and died in 1934.She 1 had been interested in science since childhd （从小就对科学感兴趣）. She finished middle schl at the age f 16 and entered the University f Paris at 24. In Paris she 2 lived a very simple life （过着非常简单的生活） and studied very hard. Madame Curie devted her whle life t the study f science. She wn the Nbel Prize fr physics in 1903 and fr chemistry in 1911.It is nt easy fr a wman t succeed in her field. 3 It is even mre difficult fr a wman t win the Nbel Prize twice in her life （一个女人一生中要获得两次诺贝尔奖就更难了）. S Madame Curie 4 will be remembered frever as a great wman （作为一位伟大的女性将永远被人们铭记）.
卷别
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在完成时&过
去完成时
现在进行时&过
去进行时
情态动词后的
被动语态
2023
新Ⅰ
新Ⅱ
65.wished
甲
70.be emplyed
乙
67.am amazed
70.means
2022
新Ⅰ
60.is designed
58.were
新Ⅱ
63.threw
62.was fixing
甲
67.has walked
乙
63.addressed
浙江
63.nticed
56.be appreciated
2021
新Ⅰ
61.was
新Ⅱ
63.was
甲
61.was built
66.hired
乙
浙江
60.was painted
65.sld
56.has prved/has prven
2020
新Ⅰ
60.are called
61.is
58.frmed
新Ⅱ
63.is
64.are encuraged
Ⅰ
67.means
68.is cnstructed
61.tuched
Ⅱ
62.carries
Ⅲ
66.pinted
63.be chsen
浙江
59.was needed
65.meant
61.had discvered
2019
Ⅰ
70.are
65.have reprted
Ⅱ
64.declared
66.have made
Ⅲ
65.recmmended
69.were invited
浙江
56.has/will have
62.imprved
59.cycling（构成谓语are cycling）
一般时态
进行时态
完成时态
完成进行时态
现在
d/des
am/is/are ding
have/has dne
have/has been ding
过去
did
was/were ding
had dne
had been ding
将来
will/shall d
will/shall be ding
will/shall have dne
will/shall have been ding
过去将来
wuld/shuld d
wuld/shuld be ding
wuld/shuld have dne
wuld/shuld have been ding
现在
过去
将来
一般时态
am/is/are dne
was/were dne
will/shall be dne
进行时态
am/is/are being dne
was/were being dne
—
完成时态
has/have been dne
had been dne
will/shall have been dne
主语
谓语动词
1
all， sme， half， mst， the rest等或由其修饰
与表达的实际意义一致
sme/half/mst/the rest/百分数/分数＋f＋名词
与f后名词的数一致
2
a large number f＋复数名词（许多……）
复数
the number f＋复数名词（……的数量）
单数
3
a （great/large） quantity f＋可数名词复数/不可数名词
单、复数均可/单数
（large） quantities f＋可数名词复数/不可数名词
复数
4
"the＋形容词"表示一类人
复数
"the＋姓氏复数"表示一家人
5
表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡等意义的复数名词作主语时，常当作整体来看
单数
6
plice，cattle等表示复数含义的有生命的集体名词
复数
7
sheep， means， series， species等单复数同形的名词
与表达的实际意义一致
8
audience， class， team， crew， family， grup， cmmittee， ppulatin等作主语时
指一个整体
单数
指组成集体的成员
复数
9
and连接并列成分作主语时
表示不同概念
复数
指同一人或物
单数
10
many a/mre than ne＋单数名词
单数
and连接的两个或多个主语前面有each， every， n等修饰
情态动词
用法
例句
can/culd
①表示能力，意为"能，会"。
②表示客观可能性，意为"有时会；可能"。
③表示推测，通常用于否定句和疑问句中，can比culd语气强。
Dn’t wrry yurself abut me， I can take care f myself.你别担心我，我能照顾好自己。
She can’t be Mary， because Mary is in hspital. 她不可能是玛丽，因为玛丽住院了。
may/might
①表示请求和许可，意为"可以"。在疑问句中，might比may的语气更委婉。
②表示推测，意为"可能"。通常用于肯定句和否定句中，might比may的可能性要小一些。
—Might I g fishing with yu tmrrw？ 明天我可以和你一起去钓鱼吗？
—Yes， yu may/can. 是的，你可以。
shall
表示命令、警告、允诺或威胁等。用于主语是第二人称或第三人称的陈述句中。
Tell Jerry he shall get a gift if he behaves well.
告诉杰里，他如果表现得好，会得到一个礼物。
shuld
①表示责任、义务、劝告、建议等，意为"应该"。
②表示推测，意为"按理应当，估计"。
③表示意外、惊讶、忧虑、惋惜等情绪，意为"竟然"。
Yu shuld learn t respect the elders. 你应该学会尊重长辈。
It’s strange （that） yu shuld say that. 你这么说真奇怪。
must
①表示义务、必要性等，意为"必须"。在回答由must引起的一般疑问句时，若为否定回答，通常用needn’t或dn’t have t。
②表示很有把握的肯定推测，通常用于肯定句中，意为"准是，肯定是"。
③mustn’t表示"不许，禁止"，是强制的命令。
—Must I hand in my paper nw？我现在必须交论文吗？
—Yes， yu must./N， yu needn’t （＝dn’t have t）. 是的，你必须。/不，你不必。
will
①表示意愿、意志。
②表示请求。
③表示习惯，意为"常常做某事"。
④wuld/used t表示过去的习惯。
When my parents were away， my grandmther wuld take care f me. 我父母外出的时候，总是祖母照看我。
need
表示必要性，常用于疑问句和否定句中， needn’t 表示"不必"。对need引出的一般疑问句作肯定回答时用must，作否定回答时用needn’t。
My rm is very clean， and I needn’t clean it tday. 我的房间很干净，我今天不需要打扫它了。
dare
意为"敢，胆敢"，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。
I daren’t say what I think. 我不敢说出自己的想法。
have t
表示客观需要，意为"必须，不得不"。
Yu have t be back befre 10 ’clck because the train leaves at 10：05.你必须在10：00前回来，因为火车10：05发车。
对过去的
推测
must have dne
过去一定做过……
can/culd （nt） have dne
过去（不）可能做过……
may/might have dne
过去可能做过……
对过去情况
的后悔、遗憾
或责备
culd have dne
本能够做（却未做）……
shuld have dne
本该做（却未做）……
might have dne
本可以做（却未做）……
needn’t have dne
本不必做（却做了）……
对事实的假设
if从句的谓语动词
主句的谓语动词
与现在事实
相反的假设
过去式（be用were）
shuld/wuld/culd/might＋
动词原形
与过去事实
相反的假设
had＋过去分词
shuld/wuld/culd/might＋have＋过去分词
与将来事实
相反的假设
过去式（be用were）
were t＋动词原形
shuld＋动词原形
shuld/wuld/culd/might＋动词原形
现在
过去
将来
wish后的宾语从句
过去式（be常用were）
had＋过去分词
wuld/shuld/culd/might＋动词原形
if nly引导的条件状语从句或感叹句
过去式（be常用were）
had＋过去分词
wuld/culd＋动词原形
as if/as thugh引导的从句
过去式（be常用were）
had＋过去分词
wuld/culd/might＋动词原形
It is （high）time
that...
过去式或"shuld＋动词原形"