备战2025年高考英语精品教案 第二部分 学透语法 突破句法篇 专题五 三大从句（Word版附解析）

这是一份备战2025年高考英语精品教案 第二部分 学透语法 突破句法篇 专题五 三大从句（Word版附解析），共20页。
考向1 定语从句 [全国卷5年12考]
1.[2023 全国甲，63]Yet， the frm f the fable still has values tday， as Rachel Carsn says in "A Fable fr Tmrrw."
2.[2023 全国甲，64]"There was nce a twn in the heart f America where all life seemed t enjy peaceful c-existence with its surrundings，" her fable begins， brrwing sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.
3.[2022全国甲，62]On the 1，100-kilmeter jurney， the man Ca Shengkang， wh lst his eyesight at the age f eight in a car accident， crssed 40 cities and cunties in three prvinces.
4.[2022新高考Ⅰ，65]The GPNP is intended t prvide strnger prtectin fr all the species that live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly imprve the health f the ecsystem in the area.
5.[2021天津3月，8]William Hastie nce suggested that histry infrms us f past mistakes frm which we can learn withut repeating them.
6.[2020全国Ⅲ，61]In ancient China lived an artist whse paintings were almst lifelike.
7.[江苏高考，21]We have entered int an age when dreams have the best chance f cming true.
高考全国卷语法填空对于定语从句的考查常涉及关系代词that， which， wh， whse，关系副词where和when。其中which/that 考查频次最高。近几年该考点常设置在句式复杂的长难句中，增加了难度。考生在备考时要注意复杂语境中关系词的判断和选择，还要注意易混关系词如that/which， as/which的辨析。
1.[2023全国乙，63]But fr all its ancient buildings， Beijing is als a place that/which welcmes the fast-paced develpment f mdern life， with 21st-century architectural wnders standing side by side with histrical buildings f the past.
2.[2023北京，18]Nina recently finished her year-lng series f runs in Chicag， where thusands were attending a water cnference.
3.[2021北京，12]When yu sleep， yur brain srts thrugh everything that happened during the day， trying t link new experiences t ld memries.
4.[2021浙江1月，57]BMI is an internatinally recgnized measurement tl that/which gives an indicatin f whether smene is a healthy weight.
5.[2020新高考Ⅰ，59]The 80，000 bjects cllected by Sir Hans Slane， fr example， frmed the cre cllectin f the British Museum that/which pened in 1759.
6.[2020新高考Ⅱ，60]The Digital Wrld is a set f vlumes that/which aim t describe hw digital systems influence sciety and help readers understand the nature f digital systems and their many interacting parts.
7.[2020全国Ⅰ，63]Because the mn’s bdy blcks direct radi cmmunicatin with a prbe， China first had t put a satellite in rbit abve the mn in a spt where it culd send signals t the spacecraft and t Earth.
8.[2020江苏，21]Many lessns are nw available nline， frm which students can chse fr free.
9.[全国Ⅱ，62]Nw Irene Astbury wrks frm 9am t 5pm daily at the pet shp in Macclesfield， which she pened with her late husband Les.
10.[全国Ⅲ， 64]They were well trained by their masters that/wh had great experience with caring fr these animals.
11.[浙江高考， 58]On the edge f the jacket， there is a piece f clth that/which gives ff light in the dark.
考向2 名词性从句 [全国卷5年3考]
8.[2023 新高考Ⅱ，62]This is why they need an English trainer.
9.[2022北京，15]It’s easy t explain hw we determine whether/if smells are dangerus r nt： we learn.
10.[2021新高考Ⅰ，56] What is s breathtaking abut the experience （ging t Munt Huangshan） is the ut-f-this-wrld scenes.
11.[2020江苏，25]It is nt a prblem whether we can win the battle； it’s just a matter f time.
12.[2020浙江，57]Over thusands f years， they began t depend less n what culd be hunted r gathered frm the wild， and mre n animals they had raised and crps they had swn.
近几年高考对名词性从句的考查较少，主要从以下两个角度设题：
1.主语从句；
2.宾语从句。
预计未来高考对名词性从句的考查会集中在连接词what， that， whether上。
1.[2020北京，3]Oliver says if yu’re lucky enugh t have smene clse t yu wh enjys cking， ask them if/whether yu can jin in when it’s pssible.
2.[北京高考，8]Des the name f the cllege yu attend really students d at cllege seems t matter much mre than where they g.
3.[江苏高考，25]Scientists have btained mre evidence that plastic is finding its way int the human bdy.
考向3 状语从句 [全国卷5年1考]
13.[2021天津3月，2]We all need t get invlved in saving energy whether it’s at wrk， at hme， r at schl.
14.[2020全国Ⅲ，65] When/As he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary（传奇的） artist， they smiled and pinted dwn the river.
15.[天津高考，13 ]Tm is s independent that he never asks his parents’ pinin unless he wants their supprt.
高考对状语从句的考查主要涉及：
1.when， until/till引导的时间状语从句；
2.s that引导的结果状语从句；
3.if/unless引导的条件状语从句。
考点一 定语从句
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
注意 that， which， wh， whm在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可省略。
[2022浙江1月，56]Kim Cbb， a prfessr at the Gergia Institute f Technlgy in Atlanta， is ne f a small but grwing minrity f academics wh/that are cutting back n their air travel because f climate change.
该句中academics意为"学者"，是可数名词复数形式，所以关系词要用wh/that。
[2021新高考Ⅱ，59]I decided that if I learned f a cmpany that/which used a lt f plastic， I’d send it an email urging it t cut back.
The ld man wh/whm/that my grandpa is playing chess with is an ld friend f his.
该句中出现了两个be动词"is"， 需注意第二个"is"才是主句谓语动词，第一个"is"为定语从句中的谓语动词。
[2020天津，6]Dr. Rwan， whse secretary resigned tw weeks ag， has had t d all his wn typing.
1.that和which引导的定语从句
My brther was s kind that he gave me the very cmputer that I was eager t buy.
Tday， with the help f BeiDu Navigatin Satellite System （BDS）， which is entirely built by Chinese engineers， we Chinese can easily find ur way.
All that happens during early years can influence children fr the rest f their lives.
The land is knwn fr a histrical site with beautifully clred walls， n which are painted the events f the past.
2.as引导的限制性定语从句
as引导的限制性定语从句主要用于the ，和结构中。
It is such a big decisin as mst students have t make befre graduatin.
3.as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
The number f smkers， as is reprted， has drpped by 17 percent in just ne year.
This cmputer stres a large amunt f infrmatin， which is f great use t yur research.
二、关系副词引导的定语从句
提示 where引导定语从句时，先行词除了可以是表示具体地点的名词（如place，hme，schl，village等）外，还可以是表示抽象地点的名词（如jb，cnditin，situatin，pint，case，stage，activity等）。
[2021天津3月，15]At the Chinese art festival， there are different stands where artists demnstrate their skills and teach the visitrs.
5G cmmercial service’s being fficially launched has pened a new digital age， when peple’s wrk capacity and lifestyle will be upgraded.
The reasn why the injectin needs repeating every year is that the virus changes.
[天津高考，11]Their child is at the stage where she can say individual wrds but nt full sentences.
三、"介词＋关系代词"引导的定语从句
1.若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时用whm， 指物时常用which。另外，whse也可以放在介词后，即"介词＋whse＋名词"结构。
2. "介词＋关系代词"的常见结构：
（短语）介词＋关系代词（which/whm）介词＋关系代词（which/whse）＋名词名词/代词/数词＋f＋关系代词（which/whm）
Our English teacher， with whse help we have
made great prgress in English， has cmpleted thirty years f teaching.
Hua Mulan， the stry f whm has been tld by generatins in China， is a fighter in the Nrthern Wei Dynasty.
There are many different tea sets and almst all kinds f tea in his hme， mst f which I can’t name.
1.Dctrs say misunderstandings and false infrmatin abut the disease are spreading n the Internet， which they think shuld be stpped.
2.Running frm Sept. 4 t 9， the fair was the first glbal trade event that had been held bth nline and ffline by China since the utbreak f the disease.
3.Care f the sul is a gradual prcess in which even the small details f life shuld be cnsidered.
4.As far as I am cncerned， yuth is a perid when we shuld study hard and make urselves well prepared fr the future.
5.Peking Opera has a histry f abut 200 years， whse rigin can date back t ther ld lcal peras， especially Anhui Opera.
6. As is knwn t us all， traditinal Chinese medicine is practical and effective when used t treat sme diseases.
7.During thse dark mments， the space statin maintains its pwer supply by using juice（电） that/which is saved in its batteries.
8.In life peple make many decisins， sme f which are s imprtant that they affect us greatly.
9.Dn’t trust such peple as praise yu t yur face but speak ill f yu behind yur back.
10.The exhibits cver the wrks by Qi Baishi， whse wrks have influenced the develpment f Chinese paintings.
11.They have reached a pint where they have t brrw mney.
12.When applying fr a visa（签证）， yu need t state simply and clearly the reasns why yu g t the cuntry.
13.Mzart was a famus cmpser cntemprary with Beethven， bth f whm made great achievements in the field f music.
14.It is widely acknwledged that peple wh take physical exercise regularly may live lnger.
15.When we talked f things and persns that we met during the adventure， all the kids widened their eyes with interest.
考点二 名词性从句
一、从属连词
What matters t a museum is nt hw many visitrs it has， but hw clse it is t peple’s daily lives.
[北京高考，26]Jane mved aimlessly dwn the tree-lined street， nt knwing where she was heading.
Pick yurself up！ Curage is ding what yu are afraid t d.
Unfrtunately， I missed this event fr the reasn that I had t visit my grandma.
学生看到reasn，易错填why， 但在该句中，空后内容"I had t visit my grandma"是解释reasn的内容，所以空处引导同位语从句，应填that。
[江苏高考，21]By bat is the nly way t get here， which is hw we arrived.
Whether their wedding ceremny will be held in the pen air tmrrw depends n the weather.
We’ve gt a cuple f participants in the team. The prblem is wh can cmplete this challenging task.
二、主语从句
1.从句作主语时，主句谓语动词一般用单数。
What she ffers t her classmates is （be） hnesty and happiness.
2.it作形式主语：
It is pssible that caffeine may cause birth defects（缺陷） in humans， t.
It is a pity that we lst such an imprtant custmer.
It is believed that the insects have spread t Eurpe befre crssing ver t sub-Saharan Africa.
It desn’t matter whether yu g t the Great Wall r the Palace Museum — we have enugh time t explre this amazing city.
三、宾语从句
1.it作形式宾语：
find/feel/think/believe/cnsider/make/...＋it＋宾补＋that从句hate/like/...＋it＋that从句depend n/rely n/see t/...＋it＋that从句take it fr granted ＋that从句
I think it necessary that we drink plenty f biled water every day.
I shall see t it that he is taken gd care f when yu are absent.
2.表示情感或态度的形容词后可接宾语从句，如cnfident， cnvinced， surprised， anxius等。
I was surprised that she shuld thrw away the necklace frm her byfriend.
3.一般情况下介词后只能接wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句。
[江苏高考，26]We chse this htel because the price fr a night here is dwn t $20， half f what it used t charge.
四、表语从句
1.as if/as thugh。as if/as thugh意为"好像，仿佛"，其引导的表语从句常位于系动词之后，从句有时用虚拟语气。
I felt as if we had knwn （knw） each ther fr years.
2.because/why。常用于以下句式中：
This/That is why... 这/那就是……的原因。This/That/It is because...这/那是因为……The reasn why... is that... ……的原因是……
Unlike rdinary paper-making where trees need t be cut dwn， Dai paper is envirnmentally friendly. This is because its raw material is the recyclable bark f a kind f trees unique t the area.
五、同位语从句
同位语从句前的名词通常是表示抽象意义的名词：fact， news， idea， truth， hpe， prblem， infrmatin， belief， thught， dubt， suggestin， questin等。同位语从句用于对这些名词作进一步的解释或说明。
I have sent Miss Green an invitatin t ur party， but I have n idea whether she will accept it.
Husewarming parties get their name frm the fact that a lng time ag peple wuld actually bring firewd t a new hme as a gift.
六 、易混连接词
1.that/what
Cntrary t what many peple think， HIV cannt be transmitted thrugh msquites， cughs r sneezes.
Dn’t be sad. The mst imprtant thing is that we must learn frm ur mistakes and mve n.
2.whether/if
二者在动词后引导宾语从句时，通常可互换，但在下列情况下，只用whether：
It remains t be seen whether r nt this idea can be put int practice.
[天津高考，4]She asked me whether/if I had returned the bks t the library， and I admitted that I hadn’t.
1. What makes the Harbin Internatinal Ice and Snw Festival special is the scale f the sculptures and the beautiful lighting.
2.After cnsidering carefully where I culd find my first ideal jb， I chse China.
3.The news spread quickly all ver the wrld that Michael Schumacher revived after being seriusly injured fr 5 years.
4.Nw the rute is n lnger used fr internatinal trade but much histry and many stries f what happened n the ancient rad remain.
5. Whever passes here wuld stp t admire the scenery.
6.It was expected that ver 100，000 peple will take part in the massive parade in Tian’anmen Square n the mrning f Oct. 1.
7.The Green Revlutin is a gd example f hw technlgical advances can have a great effect n ecnmic develpment.
8.He did nt see the film last night. That is because he had t help his little sister with her hmewrk.
9.Eat whichever cake yu like and leave the ther fr wh/whever cmes late.
10.Nwadays， mre and mre parents are discussing whether/if mre freedm and encuragement shuld be prvided fr their children.
11.Nwadays cnsumers becme mre and mre practical and nly buy what they need.
12.The syrup（糖浆） finally turns int a slid cating， like the crystal n the surface f haws（山楂果）. That is why they are als called bingtanghulu.
13.It desn’t matter when yu cme — the stre stays pen 24 hurs a day.
14.Mary tk it fr granted that they wuld apprve f the idea.
15.D nt let any failures discurage yu in yur daily life， fr yu never knw hw clse yu may be t victry.
考点三 状语从句
一、时间状语从句
As the average age f the ppulatin increases， there are mre and mre ld peple t care fr.
Starting in the Yuan Dynasty， wrk n the Lngji Rice Terraces was nt cmpleted until the early Qing Dynasty.
Immediately （immediate） they appeared， they were greeted with a burst f applause.
N sner had Huawei’s new phne been launched than it sld ut and received ppularity.
It culd easily be anther year befre the ecnmy starts t shw sme imprvement.
It has been mre than fifty years since China gt its seat back in the United Natins.
When I saw the tragic scenes n the news， I felt it was my duty as a dctr t g there and ffer my help.
By the time the rescue team arrived， the vilent rainstrm had swept （sweep） the whle twn， causing great ecnmic lss and many brken families.
二、地点状语从句
1.连词：where（哪里），wherever（无论在哪里）
We gt lst in the frest and decided t remain where we were and waited fr rescue.
China wns ne f the wrld’s ldest civilizatins. Wherever yu g， yu can easily recgnize many amazing histrical and cultural landmarks.
2.区分where引导的状语从句与定语从句
where引导状语从句时，其前没有先行词，从句用来说明主句谓语动作发生的地点；where引导定语从句时，其前有表示地点的名词作先行词，从句修饰先行词。
Yu’d better make marks where yu have questins. (状语从句）Yu’d better make marks at the place where yu have questins. (定语从句）
三、目的状语从句
连词：s that， in rder that 为了，以便
常与情态动词can， culd， may， might等连用；s that引导的从句通常置于主句之后。
I am studying hard s that/in rder that I can g t a famus university.
四、 结果状语从句
结构：
s＋形容词/副词形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数many/few＋可数名词复数much/little（少）＋不可数名词＋that从句
结构：
such＋（形容词＋）不可数名词（形容词＋）可数名词复数a/an＋（形容词＋）可数名词单数＋that从句
He was s clever a student that he was able t wrk ut all the difficult prblems.
He made such rapid prgress that he was praised by his teacher.
3.s that也可以引导结果状语从句，从句中往往没有情态动词，而且主从句之间常用逗号隔开。
The bus brke dwn， s that we had t walk hme. 公交车坏了，结果我们不得不走路回家了。
五、原因状语从句
We need t pull ff the highway and find a statin because the petrl is running ut.
We thught that as/since we were in the area， we’d stp by and visit it.
六、让步状语从句
Althugh/Thugh/While we have learned a lt abut the universe， there is much we still dn’t knw.
He keeps taking exercise hwever cld it is in winter.
Yung as/thugh he is， he can read and write in several freign languages.
Whether she cmes here r we g there， the tpic f the discussin will remain unchanged.
七、条件状语从句
[江苏高考，29] Unless yu can sleep well， yu will lse the ability t fcus， plan and stay mtivated after ne r tw nights.
If we make gd use f public transprt， the envirnment will be better.
八、其他状语从句
The huse has been greatly damaged by the truck and we’d better leave it as it is until the plice arrive.
九、状语从句的省略
1.从句和主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，从句的主语和be动词可省略。
[2023北京，14]When seen （see） frm afar， the mangrve frests appear mre splendid.
[全国Ⅱ， 70]China’s apprach t prtecting its envirnment while feeding （feed） its citizens "ffers useful lessns fr agriculture and fd plicymakers wrldwide，" says the bank’s Juergen Vegele.
He wn’t g there with us unless invited （invite）.
He is running here and there as if lking （lk） fr smething lst.
N matter hw frequently displayed （display） in the Luvre in Paris， the masterpieces f Pabl Picass always attract a large number f audience.
Every evening after dinner， if nt absrbed （absrb） in reading bks， she can be fund sitting n the sfa watching TV.
2.在if it is pssible， when it is necessary等类似结构中，it is常可省略。
常见的if型的省略结构有：
if s如果这样的话 if nt不然的话
if pssible如果可能的话 if any如果有的话
if necessary如果有必要的话
1.I had hardly sat dwn n the train and pened a bar f chclate when an ld man with a huge bag sat dwn acrss frm me.
2.Cnvenient as/thugh cmputers are， handwriting still plays an imprtant rle in the mdern wrld.
3.If yu are traveling where the custms are really freign t yur wn， please d as the Rmans d.
4. Hwever fierce the cmpetitin is， there is a gd chance that ur team will win as lng as we have made full preparatins.
5.We were in such an anxius rush that when we left we frgt t take the airline tickets.
6.Sme wmen may experience a time f sadness even fr mnths after they give birth t a baby.
7.The man asked Lucy t mve t anther chair because he wanted t sit next t his wife.
8. Wherever yu’re frm， yu can cme t dance， dine， and take part in utdr and indr cncerts.
9.This prject requires clse teamwrk. Nthing will be achieved unless we wrk well tgether.
10.I’m always attentive in class and think actively in rder that I can have mre free time t d ther things that I’m interested in after schl.
11. If yu expect yur child t be able t accmplish smething， yu must first f all develp his ability t adapt t new surrundings.
12. Althugh/Thugh/While the patterns and clrs may be different， paper-cuts share the same functin f maintaining emtinal ties amng peple
13.The accident serves as a warning that peple shuld be aware f their surrundings， especially when crssing rads.
14.It was quite a while befre she realized that she was lking at her mm’s ld wedding phts.
15. Whether r nt yur wrk is chsen， we will send yu a gift fr yur participatin.
一、单句语法填空
1.[2024北京丰台区统考]Male vices are much lwer than female vices. This is mainly because they have the different size f vcal flds（声带）.
2.[2024河南商丘检测]It’s believed that drinking ht water can balance the yin and yang in the bdy which/that leads t better verall health in cld weather cnditins.
3.[2024天津北辰区模考]When I saw my cat waiting sadly fr the dg t return at the gate， I suddenly realized hw clse the relatinship between them was.
4.[2024广东深圳检测]If yu are travelling where the custms are ttally different frm yur wn， yu may feel a cultural shck.
5.The tw men frm the truck were prly dressed and spke in what sunded like an eastern Eurpean language.
6. Later， she studied Chinese medicine with experts in the field frm whm she gained a deep knwledge abut traditinal practices.
7.The Natinal Half Marathn， whse ppularity is grwing much strnger， has becme ur annual sprt gala.
8. His mther died when he was yung， and an aunt helped raise him.
9.The activities rganized by ur schl really gave us a stage where we culd learn team spirit.
10.The reasn why Jim was seriusly ill was that he gt all wet playing in the rain yesterday.
11.[2024天津四十七中检测]These measures sund great， but it remains t be seen whether they will help imprve air quality in ur city.
12.[2024四川五市联考]Htpt restaurants in Chngqing are everywhere — if yu lk arund the street yu are in， chances are that yu are standing exactly near a htpt restaurant.
【点拨】 chances are that... 很可能……。
13.[2024江苏连云港检测]T avid getting taken in， be cautius abut advertisements ffering bargains and rewards that/which seem t gd t be true.
14.[2024四川部分名校联考] Whever has a gd cmmand f traditinal Chinese flk music is warmly welcme t jin the club.
【点拨】 相当于Anyne wh。
15. Thugh/Althugh/While this dcumentary invlved nly a small number f subjects， it did reveal a wider truth： junk fd has a far mre dangerus effect n us than mst peple imagine.
16. Being addicted t cmputer games is the reasn which/that leads t his being absent-minded in class.
【点拨】 reasn在从句中作主语。
17.The new bridge is suppsed t be built where the crss-river traffic is the heaviest.
18.The reprt desn’t include infrmatin n hw the crashes happened， but Dr. Cliff says ne third f traffic deaths are typically caused by drivers influenced by alchl r ther substances.
19.The frequent extreme weather events like the high temperatures and heavy rainfalls this year are strng evidence that glbal warming is getting mre serius.
20.If asked （ask） t lk after suspicius luggage fr smene else， infrm the plice at nce.
21.[2024北京丰台区统考]The James Webb Space Telescpe （JWST）， which was launched in 2021， is t find the first bjects that frmed after the Big Bang and t study the first black hles， the grwth f galaxies and mre.
22.[2024江苏南通检测]Lcated in Lp Nur， a frmer salt lake which/that has dried up t a large extent nw， the Lulan site cvers an area f abut 120，000 square meters， whse extremely harsh envirnment ensures that few peple set ft n this area.
23.[2024重庆调研]Keep in mind that cmmunicatin changes as sciety and technlgy evlve. The way we cmmunicate nw is definitely nt the same as it was ten years ag.
【点拨】 the same as...与……一样，as引导比较状语从句。
24. I chse t study abrad because I felt that I needed a change in my life. The life lessns and peple skills I acquired while in Italy are what I culd have nly learned frm an experience like this， nt frm sitting in a classrm.
25. I can’t fully describe hw amazing this whle experience was but I can say if yu have the pprtunity t g t Sichuan， then take it and enjy every minute there.
26. The first Glbe Theatre was created by a grup f actrs， ne f whm was William Shakespeare. It pened in Lndn in 1599 and became a huge success until it burnt dwn in a fire in 1613.
27.The Lei family were als pineering engineers， wh used a grid system t plan their prjects in minute detail. They tk careful ntes and made mdels f their prjects， many f which have survived t this day and are registered as part f UNESCO’s Memry f the Wrld Prgramme.
二、语篇语法填空
[2024浙江金华段考]On September 23， the pening ceremny f the 19th Asian Games was 1 （successful） held in Hangzhu， east China’s Zhejiang Prvince. The ceremny 2 （ffer） the spectatrs（观众） frm the wrld a Chinese-style rmance integrating the ancient civilizatin and hi-tech elements.
The Hangzhu Asian Games pening ceremny was a feast 3 the senses， with stunning visuals， innvative perfrmances， 4 a mving tribute（致敬） t the histry and culture f Asia. It nt nly celebrated the gathering f athletes frm the cntinent but als demnstrated China’s cmmitment t embracing sustainability with 5 （advance） technlgy.
"It is 6 unique pening ceremny， featuring a breathtaking light shw as its centerpiece，" said The Times f India， adding that this futuristic shw was t integrate artificial intelligence and ec-friendly technlgy， 7 （set） the stage fr an unfrgettable Asian Games experience.
With the aim f green Asian Games， traditinal firewrks 8 （replace） with digital frms that used the latest imaging technlgy. This 9 （absent） f "real firewrks" was filled with electrnic flashes and 3D animatins. The atmsphere at the pening ceremny reached the highlight when the digital trchbearer lit the main cauldrn（主火炬台）， 10 marked a histric mment in the Asian Games’ histry.
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在杭州举行的第19届亚运会开幕式的情况。
1.successfully 副词。句意：9月23日，第19届亚运会开幕式在中国东部浙江省杭州市成功举行。修饰谓语was held，应用副词successfully。故填successfully。
2.ffered 时态。句意：这场开幕式为来自世界各地的观众提供了一场集古代文明和高科技元素为一体的中国式浪漫。根据上一句中的时间状语"On September 23"可知，此处是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填ffered。
3.fr 介词。句意：杭州亚运会开幕式是一场感官盛宴，有着令人惊叹的视觉效果，创新的表演，以及对亚洲历史和文化的感人致敬。结合句意可知，此处意为"对于"，用介词fr。故填fr。
4.and 并列连词。结合句意可知，"innvative perfrmances"和"a mving tribute（致敬）"之间是并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
5.advanced 形容词。句意：它不仅庆祝亚洲大陆运动员相聚在一起，也展示了中国用先进技术拥抱可持续发展的承诺。结合空后的名词technlgy可知，此处应填形容词advanced"先进的"。故填advanced。
6.a 冠词。句意："这是一场独特的开幕式，以令人惊叹的灯光秀为核心。"《印度时报》表示，并补充说，这场极其新潮的表演将融合人工智能和环保技术，为一场难忘的亚运会体验奠定基础。此处表示"一场独特的开幕式"，应用不定冠词，且unique的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
7.setting 非谓语动词。动词set和逻辑主语shw之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填setting。
8.were replaced 时态和语态。句意：为了绿色亚运会的目标，传统烟花被采用最新成像技术的数字烟花取代。主语traditinal firewrks和动词replace之间是被动关系，且是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，故填were replaced。
9.absence 名词。句意：这种"真正的烟花"的缺失被电子闪光灯和3D动画填补。空处应填名词作主语，absence"不在，缺席"，为不可数名词，故填absence。
10.which 定语从句。句意：当数字火炬手点亮主火炬台时，开幕式的气氛达到高潮，这标志着亚运会历史上的一个历史性时刻。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明前面的句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
三、写作运用
[2024广东东莞检测]假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Alex已被香港大学录取。请你写邮件祝贺Alex，并请教如何申请入读香港大学。
Dear Alex，
I’m thrilled t hear 1 （that） yu’ve been admitted int （你被录取进入） the University f Hng Kng！ Cngratulatins n this wnderful achievement！ I am s prud f yu and I knw 2 hw hard yu have wrked t achieve this gal （你为实现这一目标有多努力）.
Meanwhile， I was wndering 3 if/whether yu culd share sme tips n hw t apply t the university （你能否分享一些如何申请这所大学的建议）. I’m interested in knwing mre abut the prcess 4 since I’m thinking abut the pssibility f studying there （因为我正在考虑去那里学习）. Any tips r advice 5 （that） yu culd ffer （你能够提供的） wuld be greatly appreciated.
I wish yu all the best fr yur studies in Hng Kng. Please keep in tuch and let me knw hw everything is ging.
Best regards，
Li Hua卷别
定语从句
名词性从句
状语从句
2023
新Ⅰ
新Ⅱ
62.why （表语从句）
甲
63.as （非限制）
64.where
乙
63.that/which
2022
新Ⅰ
65.that（先行词被all修饰）
新Ⅱ
甲
62.wh（非限制性）
乙
浙江
2021
新Ⅰ
56.What（主语从句）
新Ⅱ
59.that/which
甲
乙
浙江
2020
新Ⅰ
59.which/that
新Ⅱ
60.that/which
Ⅰ
63.where
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
61.whse
65.When/As
浙江
57.what（宾语从句）
2019
Ⅰ
61.that（同位语从句）
Ⅱ
62.which（非限制性）
Ⅲ
64.that/wh
浙江
58.that/which
关系代词
先行词
在从句中充当的成分
that
人或物
主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语（只引导限制性定语从句）
which
物
主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语
wh
人
主语、宾语
whm
宾语、表语
whse
人或物
定语
as
人或物
主语、宾语、表语、主语补足语、宾语补足语
只用that
的情况
当先行词为 everything， anything， nthing， smething， much， all， nne， few， little（少）等不定代词时
当先行词为形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时
当先行词被the nly， the very， all， any， little（少）， few， n等词修饰时
当先行词既有人又有物时
只用which
的情况
在非限制性定语从句中
关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语，而介词又位于关系代词之前时
位置
含义
which
引导非限制性定语从句时，位于先行词之后，其先行词是整个主句或主句中的一部分。
对先行词加以补充、解释
as
引导非限制性定语从句时，其先行词是整个主句，位置灵活，位于句首、句中或句末均可。
对主句的内容进行评述，表示"按照，正如"
关系副词
先行词
在从句中充当的成分
when（＝at/n/in/during which）
表时间
时间状语
where（＝at/in/n which）
表地点
地点状语
why（＝fr which）只引导限制性定语从句
表原因
原因状语
连
接
词
that
1.在从句中不作成分，也无词义；
2.引导宾语从句时可省略；引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时，不可省略。
if
主要引导宾语从句，有时引导主语从句
whether
引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
as if/
as thugh
引导表语从句
because
引导表语从句
连接
代词
wh（ever），
whm（ever），
what（ever），
which（ever），
whse
引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
连接
副词
when， where，
why， hw
引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
句型
句型中常用的词或词组
It＋be＋形容词＋从句
clear， certain， bvius， imprtant， likely， necessary， pssible等
It＋be＋名词（词组）＋从句
a shame， a pity， an hnur， n wnder， gd news等
It＋be＋过去分词＋从句
said， reprted， thught， knwn，believed， expected， cncluded等
It＋特殊动词（短语）＋从句
desn’t matter， ccurs t sb.， makes n difference等
在从句中充当成分
含义
that
不充当成分
无含义
what
充当主语、宾语、表语、定语
意为"什么，……的事情，什么样的"
特殊情况
例句
与r nt直接连用时
I dn’t knw whether r nt they will cme. 我不知道他们是否会来。
作介词的宾语时
Everything depends n whether we have enugh mney. 一切都取决于我们是否有足够的钱。
引导主语从句且从句位于句首时
Whether the sprts meeting will be held n time depends n the weather. 运动会是否会按时举行取决于天气。
引导同位语从句时
I have n idea whether he is willing t help us. 我不知道他是否愿意帮我们。
连词
基本意义
注意
when， while， as
当……时
as可译为"在……的时候，一边……一边……，随着，正当"；while多用于持续性的动作或状态；when后接短暂性或持续性动词均可。
as sn as， the mment， the instant， the minute， the secnd， immediately， directly， ， n
一……就……
""， "n " 结构中，when/than前的主句通常用过去完成时，when/than引导的从句通常用一般过去时；hardly/scarcely和n sner提至句首时，它们所在的主句要部分倒装。
befre；after
在……之前；在……之后
It was＋时间段＋befre... 过了……才……
It was nt lng befre... 不久就……
It wn’t be lng befre... 不久就会……
It will be＋时间段＋befre... 要过……才……
until/till
直到
强调句型"It is nt "。
since；by the time
自从……；到……时
since引导时间状语从句时，主句通常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时；by the time引导从句时，主句通常用过去完成时或将来完成时。
each/every time， the next time， the last time， the first time， any time， whenever
每次；下次；上次/最后一次；第一次；任何时候；无论何时
从句通常用一般现在时。
连词
内涵
语气
能否回答why
能否被强调
because
（因为）
直接因
果关系
强
能
能
as（由于）
较明显
的原因
稍弱
不能
不能
since/nw
that（既然）
连词
用法
althugh/thugh
从句不能与but连用，但可与yet/still连用。
as/thugh
as引导的从句必须倒装；thugh引导的从句可倒装也可不倒装。
while
意为"虽然，尽管"，从句一般放在主句前，用逗号隔开。
even thugh/even if
意为"即使，尽管"。
意为"不管……还是……"。
疑问词-ever
表示"无论，不管"，相当于"n matter＋相应的疑问词"。
连词
含义
例句
if
如果
They agreed t lend us the car if we prmised t return it befre the weekend. 如果我们答应在周末前归还，他们就同意把车借给我们。
As lng as we dn’t lse heart， we will succeed.我们只要不灰心就会成功。
unless
除非，如果不
（＝）
as/s lng as
只要
in case
以防万一
方式状语从句
as（照……方式）；as if/as thugh （好像，似乎）
比较状语从句
， nt ， than