重庆市2023_2024学年高一英语上学期期中试题含解析

这是一份重庆市2023_2024学年高一英语上学期期中试题含解析，共26页。
2.作答前认真阅读答题卡上的注意事项。
3.作答时务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷及草稿纸上无效。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Hw des the man prbably feel nw?
A. Satisfied.B. Nervus.C. Disappinted.
2. Why des the wman call Jack?
A. T ask him t clse the windw.B. T make a cmplaint.C. T get her ntebk back.
3. What des the wman mean?
A. Matt might see the strng muse.
B. Matt might knw hw t get mre cheese.
C. Matt might have eaten the cheese.
4. Hw did the speakers g t France?
A By train.B. By air. C. By car.
5. What des the wman want t brrw nw?
A. The dictinary.B. The eraser.C. The scissrs.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
6. Where is the museum?
A. Oppsite the bkshp.B. Beside the cafe.C. Next t the htel.
7. Hw will the man prbably get t the museum?
A. By taxi. B. On ft.C. By bus.
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
8. Where are the speakers prbably?
A. In the classrm.B. At hme.C. In the ffice.
9. Why did the by fail the exam?
A. He didn’t make a gd study plan.
B. He didn’t review his lessns.
C. He stayed up late watching TV.
10. Hw des the by sund in the end?
A. Patient.B Angry.C. Ashamed.
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
11. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. In the restaurant.B. In a design cmpany.C. At a cffee shp.
12. Hw ften des the man eat utside?
A. Twice a week.B. Fur times a week.C. Six times a week.
13. What are the speakers ging t d next?
A. Have a cffee.B. Have lunch.C. G t the supermarket.
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
14. Which language is Phil prbably fluent in?
A Japanese.B. French.C. English.
15. Where are the speakers mst prbably?
A. In Luxemburg.B. In Britain.C. In Japan.
16. In which cuntry des Nancy want t live in the future?
A. Belgium. B. America.C. Japan.
17. What will Phil d after cmpleting his studies?
A. Wrk in New Yrk.B. Return t Chicag.C. Visit LA.
听下面一段独白，回答小题。
18. What d we knw abut the Sun Gd statue?
A. It has the bdy f a human being.B. It has the face f a lin.C. It has a histry f 5,000 years.
19. Hw many times had the statue been dug ut f the sand?
A. Twice.B. Three times.C. Fur times.
20. What’s the third reasn fr the destructin f the statue accrding t the speaker?
A. Great temperature difference.B. Severe air pllutin.C. Wrngful acts f the visitrs.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中的最佳选项。
A
While tea may have riginated in Asia, nw there are many cuntries all arund the wrld that have tea wven int their fd culture and traditins. This is ne f the very special parts f tea as it has a way f cnnecting peple all ver the wrld in different ways and ceremnies that finally all results in a grup f peple sitting tgether and enjying a cup f tea.
Chinese tea culture
Since China is viewed as the birthplace f tea, it is n wnder that Chinese tea culture is rich with histry and traditin. Tday, Chinese tea cntinues t be used in Chinese medicine and is cmmnly cnsumed n bth casual and frmal ccasins bth fr persnal enjyment and t represent Chinese cultural traditins.
Japanese tea culture
Japan als has a lng histry with tea, especially Japanese Matcha, which is a kind f grund green tea that is cmmnly used in Japanese tea ceremnies and nly in recent years became ppular in western culture.
British tea culture
When many peple think abut tea, British tea culture is what cmes t mind. A ht cup f English Breakfast r Earl Grey tea serves with a little milk and a biscuit in the afternn as a pick-me-up fr the day. Even thugh tea may nt be native t England, this British tea traditin is still ging strng tday.
Mrccan tea culture
When yu visit Mrcc it is hard t miss the utstanding tea culture that is such a large part f Mrccan hspitality. Befre any gathering, negtiatin, r sale f a prduct, a pt f mint tea is always prepared and served amng the hst and guests. This is an expressin f Mrccan traditin and hspitality, which shuld always be accepted by guests as a sign f appreciatin and respect t the hst.
1. Why can tea find its way int varius fd cultures?
A. It riginates in Asia.B. It frms different ceremnies.
C. It gets peple cnnected easily.D. It allws peple t sit tgether.
2. What d Chinese and Japanese tea cultures have in cmmn accrding t the text?
A. They have a lng histry.
B. They are used in medicine.
C. They are famus fr grund green tea.
D. They’ve lng gained wrldwide recgnitin.
3. Why are the Brits keen n tea in the afternn?
A. T get new energy.B. T bring ut respect.
C. T shw hspitality.D. T bserve a traditin.
【答案】1. C2. A3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。虽然茶起源于亚洲，但是如今世界上许多国家的饮食文化和传统中都融入了茶元素。文章主要介绍了中国、日本、英国和摩洛哥的茶文化。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“This is ne f the very special parts f tea as it has a way f cnnecting peple all ver the wrld in different ways and ceremnies that finally all results in a grup f peple sitting tgether and enjying a cup f tea.(这是茶的一个非常特别的部分，因为它有一种方式——用不同的方式和仪式把世界各地的人们联系在一起，最终结果是一群人坐在一起，享受一杯茶。)”可知，茶能够进入各种饮食文化是因为它让人们很容易联系起来。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Chinese tea culture部分中的“Since China is viewed as the birthplace f tea, it is n wnder that Chinese tea culture is rich with histry and traditin.(既然中国被视为茶的发源地，难怪中国的茶文化有着丰富的历史和传统。)”和Japanese tea culture部分中的“Japan als has a lng histry with tea(日本也有悠久的茶叶历史)”可知，中国和日本的茶文化的共同点是：它们都有着悠久的历史。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据British tea culture部分中的“A ht cup f English Breakfast r Earl Grey tea serves with a little milk and a biscuit in the afternn as a pick-me-up fr the day.(一杯热腾腾的英式早餐或伯爵茶，下午加一点牛奶和饼干，作为一天的提神饮料。)”可知，英国人喜欢在下午喝茶的原因是，为了获得新的能量。故选A。
B
My Ph. D. adviser called me int his ffice, saying I needn't bring my ntebk. After 15 minutes f listing my psitive things, he lked me in the eye and said,“Yu are fired frm the lab.”
I had mved t Israel frm my native India the year befre, excited t experience a new culture and study fr a Ph. D. At first things went well in my new lab. Then, 3 mnths befre I was fired, I ran int sme prblems. I made a few mistakes in the lab that slwed my research, but I wasn't aware that my adviser nticed them, and he never spke t me abut any cncerns. I’m still nt sure why he fired me, but I guess it was because f thse mistakes. He wasn't cnfident that I culd cmplete my research in time as we'd planned.
The first few days after I was fired were especially difficult. I spent hurs staring at my cmputer screen, unable t get anything dne. One day all I culd d was sit n a beach, crying. I tried t change his mind with prmising results, but he stuck t his decisin. I culd nt break the news t my family in India, as the fear f disappinting them verwhelmed （压垮）me. I sn gt int a state f sadness and anxiety. Meanwhile, the date fr me t leave the cuntry was drawing near, as my visa required me t be registered as a student. I was lnely and withut hpe.
Arund that time, I watched Dasvidaniya, a Bllywd mvie that's abut a man wh has 3 mnths t live. One line frm the mvie stuck ut t me :“When life gives yu lemns, make lemnade（柠檬水）” .What kind f lemnade culd I make ut f my present situatin? My desire t cmplete a Ph. D. was never in dubt. After much reflectin, I tld myself that ne failed attempt was nt the end f the wrld, and that I needed t give it anther try. With renewed cnfidence, I emailed expected advisers and applied t ther prgrams. Within 2 mnths, I landed an ffer frm a Ph. D. prgram in Italy. I accepted it and relcated t Eurpe, happy that my gal f cmpleting a Ph. D. was alive nce again.
I’m thankful that I didn't give up n my dream and that I fund anther prfessr willing t take me n.
4. What is Paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. The persnality f the adviser.
B. The authr's prblems in study.
C. The pssible reasn fr the authr's being fired.
D. The authr's difficulty in adapting t a new culture.
5. What did the authr d after being fired?
A. He applied fr a new visa.
B. He gt addicted t cmputer games.
C. He tried t change the adviser's mind.
D. He shared the news with his family in India.
6. What kind f "lemnade” did the authr make ut f the difficult situatin?
A. Persuading the adviser t let him stay.
B. Being respnsible fr different prgrams.
C. Hlding the belief t get a dctr's degree.
D. Getting accepted by anther Ph. D. prgram.
7. What lessn can we learn frm the stry?
A. Directin is mre imprtant than effrt,
B. Turn t mvies fr cmfrt when in truble.
C. A dctr’s degree is imprtant fr the future.
D. Difficulties in life can be turned int smething psitive.
【答案】4. C5. C6. D7. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在以色列攻读博士学位期间遭遇困境。一部电影中的台词给了他启示：当生活给你又酸又苦的柠檬时，那你就将它变成又甜又可口的柠檬汁。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第二段中提到“3 mnths befre I was fired, I ran int sme prblems. I made a few mistakes in the lab that slwed my research….I’m still nt sure why he fired me, but I guess it was because f thse mistakes.He wasn't cnfident that I culd cmplete my research in time as we'd planned.（在解雇前三个月，我在实验室犯了一些错误，延缓了我的研究进度我仍然不确定他为什么解雇我，但我猜是因为那些错误。他没有信心我能如期完成我的研究。）”由此可知，该段是讲述作者被解雇的可能的原因。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“I tried t change his mind with prmising results, but he stuck t his decisin.（我试图以预期的结果来改变他的主意，但他坚持他的决定。）”可知，被解雇后，作者试图改变导师的主意，但是无济于事。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。文章第四段中提到“With renewed cnfidence, I emailed expected advisers and applied t ther prgrams. Within 2 mnths, I landed an ffer frm a Ph. D. prgram in Italy. I accepted it and relcated t Eurpe, happy that my gal f cmpleting a Ph. D. was alive nce again. （满怀重新燃起的信心，我发了一封电子邮件给预期的顾问，并申请了其他项目。不到两个月，我就拿到了意大利一个博士项目的录取通知书。我接受了，到了欧洲，很高兴我完成博士学位的目标再次实现了。）”由此可知， 作者在被解雇的困境下，他的“柠檬水”是申请另一个博士项目，并且被接受了。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。文章讲述了作者在以色列攻读博士学位期间，被导师解雇。在困境中，作者观看的一部电影中的台词给了他启示“When life gives yu lemns, make lemnade.(若生活给了你酸柠檬时，那就把它变成甜的柠檬汁吧) ”。文章中还提到“After much reflectin, I tld myself that ne failed attempt was nt the end f the wrld, and that I needed t give it anther try.” 作者认为一次失败的尝试并不意味着世界末日，于是再次尝试。由此可以推断， 作者的经历告诉人们在生活中遇到困境时，应该换个角度，不断尝试，就可以转化为积极的东西。故选D。
C
Can a small grup f drnes (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability f railways and, at the same time, help railway peratrs save billins f eurs each year? That is the very likely future f applying tday’s “eyes in the sky” technlgy t make sure that the millins f kilmetres f rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施) wrldwide are safe fr trains n a 24/7 basis.
Drnes are already being used t examine high-tensin electrical lines. They culd d precisely the same thing t inspect railway lines and ther vital aspects f rail infrastructure such as the crrect psitin f railway tracks and switching pints. The mre regularly they can be inspected, the mre railway safety, reliability and n-time perfrmance will be imprved. Csts wuld be cut and peratins wuld be mre efficient (高效) acrss the bard.
That includes huge savings in maintenance csts and better prtectin f railway persnnel safety. It is calculated that Eurpean railways alne spend apprximately 20 billin eurs a year n maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, ften at night, t inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerus wrk that culd be avided with drnes assisting the crews’ effrts.
By using the latest technlgies, drnes culd als start prviding higher-value services fr railways, detecting faults in the rail r switches, befre they can cause any safety prblems. T perfrm these tasks, drnes fr rail dn’t need t be flying verhead. Engineers are nw wrking n a new cncept: the rail drnes f the future. They will be mving n the track ahead f the train, and prgrammed t run autnmusly. Very small drnes with advanced sensrs and AI and travelling ahead f the train culd guide it like a c-pilt. With their ability t see ahead, they culd signal any prblem, s that fast-mving trains wuld be able t react in time.
8. What makes the applicatin f drnes t rail lines pssible?
A. The use f drnes in checking n pwer lines.B. Drnes’ ability t wrk at high altitudes.
C. The reductin f cst in designing drnes.D. Drnes’ reliable perfrmance in remte areas.
9. What des “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Persnnel safety.B. Assistance frm drnes.
C. Inspectin and repair.D. Cnstructin f infrastructure.
10. What functin is expected f the rail drnes?
A. T prvide early warning.B. T make trains run autmatically.
C. T earn prfits fr the crews.D. T accelerate transprtatin.
11. Which is the mst suitable title fr the text?
A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drnes
B. Hw Prductin f Drnes Can Be Expanded
C. What Difficulty Drne Develpment Will Face
D. Hw Drnes Will Change the Future f Railways
【答案】8. A9. C10. A11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。应用今天的“空中之眼”的技术，无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Drnes are already being used t examine high-tensin electrical lines. They culd d precisely the same thing t inspect railway lines and ther vital aspects f rail infrastructure such as the crrect psitin f railway tracks and switching pints.(无人机已经被用于检查高压电线。他们完全可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线路和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面，如铁路轨道和换乘点的正确位置)”可推知，使用无人机检查电力线使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能。故选A。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据后文“It is calculated that Eurpean railways alne spend apprximately 20 billin eurs a year n maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, ften at night, t inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. (据统计，仅欧洲铁路公司每年在铁路维护上的花费就约为200亿欧元，其中包括经常在夜间派遣维修人员检查和维修铁路基础设施)”可知花在maintenance上的费用是用于“inspect and repair the rail infrastructure （检查和维修铁路基础设施”，由此可知“That includes huge savings in maintenance csts and better prtectin f railway persnnel safety”是指大幅节省检修成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全，画线词和 C项：Inspectin and repair(检修)含义相近。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Very small drnes with advanced sensrs and AI and travelling ahead f the train culd guide it like a c-pilt. With their ability t see ahead, they culd signal any prblem, s that fast-mving trains wuld be able t react in time.(带有先进传感器和人工智能的非常小的无人机可以像副驾驶一样在火车前面行驶。凭借他们的预见能力，他们可以发出任何问题的信号，以便快速行驶的火车能够及时做出反应)”可知，对于无人机期待的功能是提前发现问题。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Can a small grup f drnes(无人机)guarantee the safety and reliability f railways and, at the same time, help railway peratrs save billins f eurs each year? That is the very likely future f applying tday’s “eyes in the sky” technlgy t make sure that the millins f kilmeters f rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施)wrldwide are safe fr trains n a24/7 basis.(一小群无人机能否在保证铁路安全可靠的同时，帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元？这很可能是应用今天的“空中之眼”技术的未来，以确保全球数百万公里的铁路轨道和基础设施全天候安全运行。)”以及后文第二段讲到了使用无人机检查电力线路使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能;第三段讲到了使用无人机大幅节省维护成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全；第四段讲到了通过使用最新的技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高的价值，可知文章主要讲述了无人机将如何改变铁路的未来，所以D项“无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。”符合文章中心思想，适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。
【点睛】
D
The prverb “Wrk is wrship (热爱，崇拜)” emphasizes the imprtance f wrk in ur life. It states that ding wrk must be the real wrship f the life f every human being.
Human beings are cnsidered the mst imprtant entity (独立存在体) in this universe because we are blessed with brains and intelligence. The brain prvides the pwer t think and understand abut different things in the wrld. We all have sme purpse in ur lives and ding wrk helps in achieving the purpse f ur lives.
It is very imprtant fr all the students t understand the imprtance f wrk. This stage is very imprtant in every persn’s life. The habit that is develped at this age is cntinued till death. If the students learn t wrk in this stage they cntinue the same in future t. Fr the students, real wrship is nt the wrshiping f gd but ding their studies in a sincere way. They need t d regular studies with prper cncentratin every day.
The students wh are attentive and d their wrk sincerely are rewarded with gd marks while the lazy students wh avid ding their wrk suffer later in their lives. This is because there is n substitute (代替) fr hard wrk. Hard wrking students grw up t became gd citizens f sciety and the natin in future. Wrk teaches the students t be disciplined in their life.
Every day we hear f new inventins and achievements made by the peple in the wrld. It culd nt be pssible if the peple wuld nt have dne their wrk sincerely. Our histry is shining bright because f the great deeds f sme great persnalities. This is als because f the peple wh cnsidered their wrk as wrship and perfrmed it hnestly. Such peple never ran away frm ding wrk. They wuld nt be able t make their names shine in histry withut hard wrk. Thus, it can be stated that every success has a big struggle and dedicatin behind it. Peple wh wrship their wrk can achieve great heights in their life.
“Wrk is wrship.” is a ppular qute t make peple understand the imprtance f wrk in everyne’s life. The ne wh understands the imprtance f the wrk des it prperly withut thinking f the fruit. The fruit will surely be sweet if the effrt is hnest.
12. What makes us human beings utstanding in the universe?
A. The imprtance f wrk.B. The blessing f Gd.
C. The purpse f life.D. The pwer f brain.
13. Why des the authr emphasize the imprtance f wrk t students?
A. Wrk prepares them fr the future.
B. Wrk makes them mre intelligent.
C. Wrk ffers them mre substitutes.
D. Wrk qualifies them fr teaching jbs.
14. Why des the authr talk abut inventins in Paragraph 5?
A. T make them knwn t the wrld.
B. T hnr thse great persnalities.
C. T use them as supprting evidence.
D. T call n students t invent things.
15. What is the authr’s real purpse f writing the text?
A. T explain the qute “Wrk is wrship”.
B. T encurage peple t be hardwrking.
C. T teach students t be disciplined it their life.
D. T analyse the reasns fr thse great successes.
【答案】12D13. A14. C15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“工作就是崇拜”这句格言，告诉了我们工作的重要性，同时也告诉我们只要努力工作，未来必然是美好的。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Human beings are cnsidered the mst imprtant entity (独立存在体) in this universe because we are blessed with brains and intelligence. The brain prvides the pwer t think and understand abut different things in the wrld.(人类被认为是宇宙中最重要的实体，因为我们有幸拥有大脑和智慧。大脑提供了思考和理解世界上不同事物的能力)”可知，人类之所以很杰出，是因为拥有大脑的能力。故选择D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“It is very imprtant fr all the students t understand the imprtance f wrk. This stage is very imprtant in every persn’s life. The habit that is develped at this age is cntinued till death. If the students learn t wrk in this stage they cntinue the same in future t.(对于所有的学生来说，理解工作的重要性是非常重要的。这个阶段在每个人的生活中都是非常重要的。在这个年龄养成的习惯会一直延续到死。如果学生在这个阶段学习工作，他们在未来也会继续学习)”可推断，学生在学生时期努力学习，未来也会努力，也就是在为未来做准备。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Every day we hear f new inventins and achievements made by the peple in the wrld. It culd nt be pssible if the peple wuld nt have dne their wrk sincerely. Our histry is shining bright because f the great deeds f sme great persnalities. This is als because f the peple wh cnsidered their wrk as wrship and perfrmed it hnestly.(我们每天都听说世界人民的新发明和新成就。如果人们没有真诚地做他们的工作，这是不可能的。由于一些伟大人物的伟大事迹，我们的历史闪耀着光辉。这也是因为有些人把他们的工作当作敬拜，并且诚实地去做)”可推断，作者提到新发明，是为了说明之所以有这些发明，是因为人们对工作的崇拜，也就是提到发明是为了论证自己的观点。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The ne wh understands the imprtance f the wrk des it prperly withut thinking f the fruit. The fruit will surely be sweet if the effrt is hnest.(懂得工作重要性的人做事时不会考虑结果。如果努力是诚实的，果实一定是甜美的)”及全文可推断，作者写这篇文章是为了鼓励人们要勤奋。故选B。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Psychlgists have lng believed that human beings have a fairly cnsistent “negativity bias（消极偏见）” that leads us t pay mre attentin t negative thughts, feelings and events than t psitive nes. ____16____There is a psitive explanatin fr the questin. After all, we are mtivated t grw after a misstep. Hwever, we can't abandn urselves t the negativity bias frever. Hw? ____17____
Practice Psitivity. Like yur muscles, yur thught patterns respnd t hw they are used and exercised. Yu dn't have t erase the negativity bias frm yur mind. ____18____Fr example, set calendar reminders thrughut yur day t cnvey an expressin f gratitude r simply adjust yur bdy language s yu're hlding yurself with strength and cnfidence.
____19____We're living in a time f pandemic r financial stress and deep divisin. Our negativity biases call ur attentin tward thse realities. But we are well served t als see the pprtunities in this mment：Maybe there's a hme prject we therwise wuldn't have fund time t tackle.
Ask fr Psitive Reminders. Get in the habit f checking in with peple wh are with yu when gdness finds yu tday. Mentin t them, “That is an unexpected bit f praise frm the bss, isn't it?” ____20____And wh knws, yu may help yur friend, family member r cwrker have a mre psitive day as well!
A. Try the fllwing suggested ideas.
B. Redefine negativity as an pprtunity.
C. Instead, practice yur psitive lifestyle.
D. Its negative influence can never be avided.
E. Why and hw des this phenmenn happen?
F. Hw d yu handle it as yu try t live with mre psitivity?
G. Asking thers t cnfirm yur psitive insights can facilitate yur psitivity.
【答案】16. E17. A18. C19. B20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，人类有一种相当一致的“消极偏见”，但人们不能永远沉浸在消极偏见中，文章给了一些方法帮助人们走出消极偏见。
【16题详解】
由上一句“Psychlgists have lng believed that human beings have a fairly cnsistent “negativity bias（消极偏见）” that leads us t pay mre attentin t negative thughts, feelings and events than t psitive nes.”（心理学家长期以来一直认为，人类有一种相当一致的“消极偏见”，这导致我们更多地关注消极的思想、情感和事件，而不是积极的思想、情感和事件。）和下一句“There is a psitive explanatin fr the questin.”（对这个问题有一个肯定的解释。）可知，上句提到了“消极偏见”这种消极的心理问题现象，下句又说这个问题有一个肯定的解释，可得出该空填写内容应与解释这种现象为什么和如何发生的信息有关，承接上下文，E选项“这种现象为什么会发生，又是如何发生的？”切题。故选E项。
【17题详解】
由上两句“Hwever, we can't abandn urselves t the negativity bias frever. Hw?”（然而，我们不能永远沉浸在消极偏见中。怎样做呢？），第二段首句“Practice Psitivity.”（实践积极性。）和最后一段首句“Ask fr Psitive Reminders.”（索要积极的提醒。）及下文内容可知，上文说人们不能永远沉浸在消极偏见中，下文讲走出消极偏见的一些建议（如实践积极性和要求积极的提醒），可得出该空填写的内容与提供建议有关，承接上下文，A选项“尝试以下建议。”切题。故选A项。
【18题详解】
由本段小标题“Practice Psitivity.”（实践积极性。）和上一句“Yu dn't have t erase the negativity bias frm yur mind.”（你不必消除你心中消极偏见。）可知，作者建议读者在生活中去实践积极性，即以积极的态度去生活，所以无需消除你心中的消极偏见，只需在生活中不断实践积极的生活方式，承接上文，C选项“相反，练习你积极的生活方式。”切题。故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据本段内容，归纳出小标题。由本段后文“We're living in a time f pandemic r financial stress and deep divisin. Our negativity biases call ur attentin tward thse realities. But we are well served t als see the pprtunities in this mment：Maybe there's a hme prject we therwise wuldn't have fund time t tackle.”（我们生活在一个大流行病、经济压力和严重分裂的时代。我们的消极偏见要求我们关注这些现实。但我们也很乐意看到这一刻的机遇：也许有一个家庭项目，否则我们就没有时间去解决。）可知，即使我们的消极偏见要求我们关注那些消极的现实，但我们也要在消极中看到机遇，可得出本段主要讲在消极中找到机遇，承接下文，B选项“将消极性重新定义为机遇。”切题。故选B项。
【20题详解】
由本段小标题“Ask fr Psitive Reminders.”（索要积极的提醒。）和上一句“Mentin t them, “That is an unexpected bit f praise frm the bss, isn't it?””（对他们说：“这是老板出乎意料的表扬，不是吗？”）可知，在本段中作者建议读者要去向别人索要积极的提醒来摆脱消极偏见，如用反义疑问句“这是老板出乎意料的表扬，不是吗？”来肯定自己的积极性，承接上文，G选项“让别人确认你的积极见解可以促进你的积极性。”切题。故选G项。
第三部分语言运用(共四节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Sept. 1, Paul Miller, a teacher in America, ____21____ a vide n YuTube where he des his take n “I’ll Be There Fr Yu,” a sng frm Friends.
“N ne tld me schl was gnna be this way," Miller sings in a classrm, in ____22____ t the pandemic and the natinwide ____23____ f in-persn teaching. “I gt my lessns ready but students are absent. Thugh they are ____24____, we can still have a great year. 'Cause I'll be here fr yu when yu're learning at hme."
“____25____ ur scial distance, schl will still be great.” Miller cntinues. Having ____26____ the reasns why nline learning has its ____27____ Miller jumps int the chrus, telling his students what they can ____28____. “When back,” he sings. “Yu really start t shine. N matter what, I'm here fr yu.”
Miller's vide has received ver 25,000 views and lts f ____29____ cmments. One wrte: "Teachers are _____30_____ n earth in human frm.”
In an _____31_____ with WMTV Miller said he _____32_____ starts ff every schl year with a sng. This year, hwever, he had t be mre creative. The teacher said he's been _____33_____ by the psitive respnses he's gtten. “Really the _____34_____ we are getting this year is cmpletely beynd _____35_____,” he said. “I have gtten messages frm Arizna t India. Apparently, Friends is a very ppular shw. ”
21. A. markedB. recrdedC. praisedD. shared
22. A. respnseB. relatinC. devtinD. additin
23. A. preparatinB. cancellatinC. admiratinD. prmtin
24. A. privateB. attractiveC. virtualD. passive
25. A. FrB. DespiteC. AgainstD. Acrss
26. A. listedB. gainedC. tldD. realized
27A. cntributinsB. effectsC. tendenciesD. benefits
28. A. expectB. develpC. treasureD. crrespnd
29. A. bjectiveB. indifferentC. casualD. supprtive
30. A. heresB. spiritsC. angelsD. spnsrs
31. A. interviewB. cnversatinC. debateD. argument
32. A. speciallyB. nrmallyC. particularlyD. temprarily
33. A. influencedB. burdenedC. verwhelmedD. defeated
34. A. strengthB. preferenceC. respnsibilityD. attentin
35. A. cntrlB. reachC. expectatinD. recgnitin
【答案】21. D22. A23. B24. C25. B26. A27. D28. A29. D30. C31. A32. B33. C34. D35. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。美国教师Paul Miller疫情期间在YuTube上分享了一段视频，他在视频中改编了《老友记》中的一首歌来回应疫情期间全国范围内取消面对面教学这件事，受到广泛关注和好评。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：9月1日，美国教师Paul Miller在YuTube上分享了一段视频，他在视频中改编了《老友记》中的一首歌《我会在那里等你》。A. marked标记；B. recrded记录；C. praised赞扬；D. shared分享。因为空后提到了社交媒体“n YuTube”，所以应该是在上面分享了一个视频。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Miller在教室里唱道：“没人告诉我学校会这样。”以回应疫情和全国范围内取消面对面教学。A. respnse回应；B. relatin关系；C. devtin奉献；D. additin添加。根据“I gt my lessns ready but students are absent”可知，这位教师是为了回应疫情和全国范围内取消面对面教学这件事而改编了歌曲。in respnse t意为“回应”。故选A项。
23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Miller在教室里唱道：“没人告诉我学校会这样。”以回应疫情和全国范围内取消面对面教学。A. preparatin准备；B. cancellatin取消；C. admiratin钦佩；D. prmtin提升。根据“the pandemic”和“in-persn teaching”可知，此处是指疫情期间取消了面对面教学。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然他们是虚拟的，我们仍然可以度过愉快的一年。A. private私有的；B. attractive吸引人的；C. virtual虚拟的；D. passive被动的。根据“when yu're learning at hme”可知，疫情期间孩子们在家上网课，所以此处表示他们是虚拟的。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：Miller继续道：“尽管我们有社交距离，学校仍然很好。” A. Fr为了；B. Despite尽管；C. Against反对；D. Acrss穿越。根据“ur scial distance”和“schl will still be great”之间是让步关系，所以用despite。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在列出了在线学习的好处之后，Miller加入了合唱，告诉他的学生他们可以期待什么。A. listed列举；B. gained获得；C. tld告诉；D. realized意识到。根据上文“we can still have a great schl will still be great”可知，Miller在歌里面列举在线学习的好处。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在列出了在线学习的好处之后，Miller加入了合唱，告诉他的学生他们可以期待什么。A. cntributins贡献；B. effects影响；C. tendencies趋势；D. benefits好处。根据上文“we can still have a great schl will still be great”可知，Miller在歌里面列举在线学习的好处。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在列出了在线学习的好处之后，Miller加入了合唱，告诉他的学生他们可以期待什么。A. expect期待；B. develp发展；C. treasure珍爱；D. crrespnd符合。根据下文““When back,” he sings. “Yu really start t shine. N matter what, I'm here fr yu.””可知，Miller告诉他的学生他们可以期待回到校园之后的生活。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Miller的视频已经获得了超过25000次的点击量和许多支持的评论。A. bjective客观的；B. indifferent冷漠的；C. casual随意的；D. supprtive支持的。根据“psitive respnses”可知，此处表示他得到了支持的评论。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师是人间的天使。A. heres英雄；B. spirits精神；C. angels天使；D. spnsrs赞助者。根据“psitive respnses”和空后的“n earth in human frm”可知，Miller的视频得到了积极的评论，有人把教师比喻成人间的天使。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接受WMTV电视台采访时，Miller表示，他通常每学年都以一首歌开始。A. interview采访；B. cnversatin对话；C. debate辩论；D. argument争论。“WMTV”是电视台，所以可知此处是接受采访。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在接受WMTV电视台采访时，Miller表示，他通常每学年都以一首歌开始。A. specially特别地；B. nrmally通常地；C. particularly尤其；D. temprarily暂时地。根据“every schl year”可知，Miller经常这么做。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位老师说，他被学生们的积极反应惊呆了。A. influenced影响；B. burdened使负担；C. verwhelmed使征服；D. defeated打败。根据“he had t be mre creative”可知，此处指他被积极的评论所震惊，所以他必须更有创意。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们今年得到的关注真的完全出乎意料。A. strength力量；B. preference偏爱；C. respnsibility责任；D. attentin注意。根据“psitive respnses”可知，此处指受到的关注。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们今年得到的关注真的完全出乎意料。A. cntrl控制；B. reach达到；C. expectatin期望；D. recgnitin识别。根据“The teacher said he's been ____13____ by the psitive respnses he's gtten”可知，他被学生们的积极反应惊呆了，所以可以推断得到的关注是出乎意料的。beynd expectatin意为“出乎意料”。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分。满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Each time I take the undergrund I find myself surrunded by ____36____ (dzen) f passengers playing smart phnes. They almst wn’t even give a glance at the utside wrld. Yu may think it is nrmal t play smart phnes____37____ (kill) time. What’s wrse, when I talk with sme f my friends, they talk as playing, which is really ____38____ annyance．
I really miss the ld days ____39____ I chatted with sme passengers n the train. Nw things are different. Everyne just cncentrates n their smart phnes. When talking with them, ____40____ seems that yu are disturbing their playing smart phnes. I culd nt just blame them fr I am mving t be ne like them. Smetimes I just feel we____41____ (large) ignre(忽视) ur neighbrs and want t keep in tuch ____42____ distant strangers thrugh the Internet. We care abut the things far away ____43____ pay n attentin t the needs nearby. ____44____ ridiculus the situatin is! In a way, we_____45_____ (cntrl) by smart phnes nw. Are yu experiencing the same situatin like me? D yu have any ways t avid that?
【答案】36. dzens
37. t kill
38. an39. when
40. it41. largely
42. with43. but
44. Hw45. are cntrlled
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者根据自己的经历描述现在我们被智能手机控制了，希望能给出方法避免这种情况。
【36题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：每次坐地铁，我都发现自己被很多玩智能手机的乘客包围着。短语dzens f，意为“很多”，符合句意，故填dzens。
【37题详解】
考查不定式。句意：你可能认为玩智能手机来消磨时间是很正常的。设空处为目的状语，应用不定式，故填t kill。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：更糟糕的是，当我和我的一些朋友聊天时，他们边玩边聊天，这真的是一个烦恼。设空处修饰名词，表泛指，应用冠词，annyance以元音音素开头，故填an。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我真的很怀念以前在火车上和一些乘客聊天的日子。分析可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the ld days，关系词在从句中做时间状语，故填when。
【40题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：和他们说话的时候，你好像打扰了他们玩手机。分析可知，本句为固定句型it seems that，意为“似乎，好像……”，符合句意，故填it。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：有时我只是觉得我们在很大程度上忽略了邻居，只想通过互联网与远方的陌生人保持联系。设空处修饰动词，应用副词作状语，故填largely。
【42题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：同上。短语keep in tuch with，意为“和……保持联系”，符合句意，故填with。
【43题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：我们关心远处的东西，却不注意近处的需要。前后两句为并列句，表转折关系，故填but。
【44题详解】
考查感叹句。句意：这种情况多么荒谬!本句为感叹句，对形容词ridiculus进行感叹，应用hw，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Hw。
【45题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：在某种程度上，我们现在被智能手机控制了。分析可知，设空处为谓语，描述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语和谓语之间时被动关系，用被动语态，故填are cntrlled。
第三节(共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分)
根据中文提示或古字母提示填入单词的正确形式。
46. I went back t my hmetwn after 20 years and the city had changed beynd all ___________ (辨别). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】recgnitin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：二十年后我回到家乡，这个城市变得面目全非。根据汉语提示和句子结构，空处填名词recgnitin，构成固定短语beynd recgnitin，表示“面目全非”。故填recgnitin。
47. I'd like t express my ________ (钦佩) fr the curage and uncmplaining spirit f the firefighters. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】admiratin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我对消防员的勇气和不抱怨精神表示钦佩。空格处是宾语，要用名词。故填admiratin。
48. We shuld nt nly knw the thery but als hw t a____________ it t practice. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】apply
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我们不仅要知道理论，而且要知道如何把理论应用于实践。分析句子结构可知，此处疑问词hw接动词不定式作宾语，根据首字母和空后“it t practice”可知，apply运用于，动词，符合题意。故填apply。
49. Several reasns may accunt fr my p___________ (偏爱) fr western painting. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】preference##reference
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：有几个原因可以解释我对西方绘画的偏爱。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填名词preference，作宾语，故填preference。
50. Having shwn yu arund ur schl, we will intrduce ur mst a___________ science lab t yu. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】advanced##dvanced
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：带你们参观了我们学校之后，我们将向你们介绍我们最先进的科学实验室。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填形容词advanced，作定语修饰lab。故填advanced。
51. This creatin a___________ lt f attentin thanks t its mixture f mdern and traditinal Chinese elements. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】attracted##ttracted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：这个作品由于融合了现代和传统的中国元素而引起了很多关注。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填动词attract，作谓语，结合语境可知为一般过去时。故填attracted。
52. With his attentin f___________ n his hmewrk, he frgt all abut what I had tld him. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】fcused##cused
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于他的注意力集中在做作业上，他把我告诉他的话全忘了。根据句意“集中于”和首字母提示以及空后的“n”可知，此处为动词短语fcus n，“with+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定结构，空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，his attentin和fcus为逻辑动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填fcused。
53. A___________, t smking, he just can’t seem t quit. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】Apparently##pparently
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：很明显，他对吸烟似乎戒不掉。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填副词apparently，作状语，首字母大写。故填Apparently。
54. Their Chinese peers in the typical Chinese dress wuld be highly ___________ (令人印象深刻的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】impressive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们的中国同行穿着典型的中国服装会给人留下深刻的印象。根据汉语提示可知应填形容词impressive，作表语。故填impressive。
55. If yu are wrried abut yur health, share yur ___________(焦虑/担心)with yur dctr. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】anxiety
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你担心你的健康，和你的医生分享你的焦虑。“焦虑/担心”为名词anxiety，作宾语，不可数，故填anxiety。
第四节(共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分)
根据提示翻译下列句子。
56. 那个人故意推他，这让他非常生气。(design)(汉译英)
【答案】The man pushed him by design, which made him very angry.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和定语从句。主语为the man；表示“推”应用动词push，后跟him，作宾语；表示“故意”短语为by design；后跟which引导的非限制性定语从句，表示“让他非常生气”翻译为make him very angry，为一般过去时。故翻译为The man pushed him by design, which made him very angry.
57. 嗓音太大了，我没有办法专心看书。(cncentrate)(汉译英)
【答案】The nise was s lud that I culdn’t cncentrate n my bk.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和结果状语从句。“嗓音”是the nise，“太……没有办法做某事”也就是“如此……以至于不能……”是结果状语从句，“大”用lud作表语，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，nise是不可数名词，后面的be动词用was，“专心看书”是cncentrate n my bk，“没有办法做某事”是culdn’t d sth.，因此整句话翻译为“The nise was s lud that I culdn’t cncentrate n my bk”。故答案为The nise was s lud that I culdn’t cncentrate n my bk.
58. 他宁愿看书也不愿意和他一起玩儿。(prefer)(汉译英)
【答案】He prefers reading bks t playing with him.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配和动词时态。表示“他”应用he；表示“宁愿……也不愿意……”应用固定搭配prefer ding...，表示“看书”应用read bks；表示“和他一起玩”应用play with him；句子陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为he，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式；read和play使用动名词形式。故翻译为He prefers reading bks t playing with him.。
59. 他建议她和孩子们待在一起。(recmmend)(汉译英)
【答案】He recmmends that she (shuld) stay with the children.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配和虚拟语气。句子描述现在的一般情况，应用一般现在时，“建议”可表示为recmmend，主语是he，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式recmmends，后跟that引导的宾语从句时，从句应用虚拟语气，谓语用“（shuld）+动词原形”的形式；“和……待在一起”可表示为stay with；“孩子们”可表示为children。故本句可翻译为：He recmmends that she (shuld) stay with the children.
60. 司机感到非常害怕，因为汽车失去了控制。(cntrl)(汉译英)
【答案】The driver felt very scared because the car gt ut f cntrl.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、原因状语从句和固定搭配。根据汉语提示中的“因为……”，本句可翻译为含有because引导的原因状语从句的主从复合句。“司机”可表示为driver；“害怕”可表示为scared；“失去了控制”可表示为get ut f cntrl。根据句意，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故本句可翻译为：The driver felt very scared because the car gt ut f cntrl.
第四部分写作(满分20分)
61. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Mike即将完成学业，不久前来信就是否到中国工作询问你的意见。请根据以下提示回一封电子邮件，内容如下：
1.建议他可以来中国；
2.阐述你的理由(就业机会多，专业受欢迎，不同的文化体验等)；
3.承诺可提供帮助。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；
4.请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mike,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mike,
I’m very glad t have received the letter yu sent me last week. Frm my pint f view, yu can chse t cme t China after finishing yur studies.
Fr ne reasn, China’s develpment ver the past 30 years ffers quantities f jb pprtunities fr the yung. Fr anther reasn, China is a cuntry with s different cultures and traditins frm the west that many freigners enjy living and wrking here. Finally, yur majr is badly needed in China nwadays.
If yu cme here, I will d what I can t help yu. I’m lking frward t yur cming.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Mike即将完成学业，不久前来信就是否到中国工作询问你的意见。请根据以下提示回一封电子邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
完成：finish→accmplish
机会：pprtunity→chance
高兴的：glad→delighted
习俗：traditin→custm
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Fr anther reasn, China is a cuntry with s different cultures and traditins frm the west that many freigners enjy living and wrking here.
拓展句：Fr anther reasn, many freigners enjy living and wrking here because China is a cuntry with many different cultures and traditins frm the west.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m very glad t have received the letter yu sent me last week. (运用了省略关系词的定语从句)
[高分句型2] If yu cme here, I will d what I can t help yu. (运用了if引导条件状语从句)