英语选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement精品同步练习题

这是一份英语选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement精品同步练习题，文件包含人教版2019高中英语选择性必修第一册Unit1《PeopleofAchievement》ReadingandThinking分层练习原卷docx、人教版2019高中英语选择性必修第一册Unit1《PeopleofAchievement》ReadingandThinking分层练习解析卷docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共21页， 欢迎下载使用。
基础巩固
一、单句语法填空
1．Sme peple jumped hurriedly t the (cnclude) that smething must be wrng.
2．With her luggage in her hands, the girl std lking rund in all directins, but (apparent) n ne had cme t meet her.
3．This vlume f essays was designed (accmpany) an exhibitin in Seattle.
4．Hwever, technlgy is als the applicatin f (science) knwledge t slve a prblem, tuching lives in cuntless ways.
5．Currently AI is used (mst) in the tech industry, where it has prduced many new prducts.
6．It is vital imprtance that yu fllw all safety rules.
7．There are n bvius (distinct) between the tw designs.
8．Parents are mre willing (acknwledge) their children as adults when they behave like adults.
9．Never dubt that a small grup f thughtful, (cmmit) citizens can change the wrld; indeed, it is the nly thing that ever has.
10．The yung scientist has just published a paper in the jurnal Nature (analyse) the fires.
1．cnclusin
【详解】考查名词。句意：一些人匆忙地得出结论，认为一定出了问题。空格处需要一个名词作介词t的宾语，cnclude是动词，意为“得出结论”，需要转换成名词形式cnclusin“结论”，为可数名词，根据定冠词the以及空后同位语从句“that smething must be wrng”可知，此处特指一个结论，用单数形式。故填 cnclusin。
2．apparently
【详解】考查副词。句意：女孩手里拿着行李，站在那里四下张望，但显然没有人来接她。副词apparently作状语修饰句子。故填apparently。
3．t accmpany
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：这本文集是为了配合西雅图的一个展览而设计的。be designed t d sth被设计做某事。故填t accmpany。
4．scientific
【详解】考查形容词。句意：然而，技术也是应用科学知识来解决问题，以无数种方式触及生活。根据空后名词“knwledge”可知，空处应用形容词形式scientific，修饰其后的名词knwledge，作定语。故填scientific。
5．mstly
【详解】考查副词。句意：目前，人工智能主要用于科技行业，它已经生产了许多新产品。修饰动词use应用副词mstly，故填mstly。
6．f
【详解】考查介词。句意：遵守一切安全规则是至关重要的。本句为“be f +抽象名词”的用法。故填f。
7．distinctins
【详解】考查名词。句意：这两种设计之间没有明显的区别。根据are可知，空处填名词复数distinctins作主语。故填distinctins。
8．t acknwledge
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：当他们的孩子表现得像成年人时，父母更愿意承认他们是成年人。be willing t d sth.愿意做某事，此处表示“愿意承认”。故填t acknwledge。
9．cmmitted
【详解】考查形容词。句意：永远不要怀疑一小群有思想、有奉献精神的公民可以改变世界；事实上，这是唯一曾经发生过的事情。空处是修饰citizens的定语，结合“thughtful”可知，cmmit的形容词形式cmmitted符合题意，意为“尽心尽力的，献身的”。故填cmmitted。
10．analysing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位年轻的科学家刚刚在《自然》杂志上发表了一篇分析火灾的论文。空处为非谓语动词。a paper 与analyse为主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填analysing。
二、根据汉语提示单词拼写
11．As is knwn t us, students shuld be (评价) in terms f verall quality.
12．Seeking and accepting cnstructive feedback (反馈) is (关键的) t grwth.
13．Dg’s wners shuld be respnsible if their pets d an injury t ther peple r cause damage t their (财产).
14．A jurnalist shuld be cmpletely (客观的) and nt express any persnal ideas r emtins.
15． (打败) by his partner, the yung man didn’t lse heart.
三、根据首字母提示单词拼写
16．Lang Lang is a as ne f the greatest pianists in the wrld.
17．Thrughut her life, Lin Qiazhi c (=devte) herself t serving patients and never gt married.
18．Dissatisfied with the camera’s pr quality, I i n a refund f the full amunt.
19．While this infrmatin may be interesting, sme f it may nt be useful fr a research.
20．They had the medicine a t find ut whether they were getting the real drug r nt.
11．evaluated/assessed
【详解】考查动词。句意：正如我们所知，学生应该以综合素质来评价。students 与evaluate/assesse“评价”之间为被动关系，所以本空用过去分词，与空前的shuld be构成含有情态动词的被动语态。故填evaluated/assessed。
12．crucial/vital
【详解】考查形容词。句意：寻求并接受建设性的反馈对成长至关重要。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，根据所给中文提示词，应是crucial或者vital意为“关键的”。故填crucial或者vital。
13．prperties
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果宠物伤害他人或造成损坏的财产，狗的主人应该负责。根据汉语提示可知，prperty“财产”，可数名词，结合空前的their可知应用名词复数形式，作宾语，故填prperties。
14．bjective
【详解】考查形容词。句意：记者应该完全客观，不表达任何个人的想法和情绪。“客观的”为形容词bjective，作表语。故填bjective。
15．Defeated
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管被同伴打败了，这个年轻人没有灰心。“打败”用动词defeat，与主语 the yung man之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。根据汉语提示及句意，故填Defeated。
16．acknwledged/cknwledged
【详解】考查动词。句意：郎朗被公认为世界上最伟大的钢琴家之一。此处用动词acknwledge“承认（权威、地位）”，与主语Lang Lang为被动关系，用过去分词，与空前的is构成一般现在时的被动语态。be acknwledged as意为“被承认是”。故填acknwledged。
17．cmmitted/mmitted
【详解】考查动词。句意：林巧稚一生致力于为病人服务，从未结婚。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填动词cmmit，结合后文gt可知为一般过去时。故填cmmitted。
18．insisted/nsisted
【详解】考查动词。句意：我对相机的质量不满意，坚持要求全额退款。分析句子可知，空处为动词作谓语，结合句意可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，此处表示“坚持”，构成insist n短语，动词用过去式。故填insisted。
19．academic/cademic
【详解】考查形容词。句意：虽然这些信息可能很有趣，但其中一些可能对学术研究没有用处。空处作定语修饰名词“research”，应填形容词，结合句意及首字母提示可知，academic“学术的”，形容词，符合题意，故填academic。
20．analysed/nalysed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们对药物进行了分析，以确定他们是否得到了真正的药物。结合语意可知，为了确定他们是否得到了真的药物，他们分析药物，结合首字母提示可知，空处应用动词analyse，表示“分析”，分析句子结构可知，analyse在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语medicine之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式analysed作宾语补足语，符合题意。故填analysed。
四、完成句子
21．你如果去故宫博物院，你就会发现许多珍宝在那儿展览。
If yu g t the Palace Museum, yu’ll find there. (find＋宾语＋宾补)
22．当我下楼时，我突然想到我把车钥匙放在餐桌上了。(strike)
I had left the car key n the dinner table when I went dwnstairs.
23．两份试卷之间的一些相似之处更增添了他们的喜悦之情。
are sme similarities between the tw test papers.
24．在这种情况下，我没能如期参加考试。
, I failed t attend the test as scheduled.
25．女排姑娘们一回国，就收到了赞誉和鲜花。(upn/n ding)
, the girls f the vlleyball team received praise and flwers.
五、选词填空
根据句意，选择合适的短语填空。
26．Fd that is insufficiently cked can fd pisning.
27．Citric acid (柠檬酸) can frm the juice f ranges, lemns r grapefruit.
28．Withut enugh financial supprt, it was nt lng befre her prgram .
29．Isaac Newtn ne f the greatest physicists in the wrld.
30．I I sunded calm but my mind was racing.
31．We’re ging away in June but that I’ll be here all summer.
32．The by first as an athlete when he was in primary schl.
33． I read an article abut Lin Qiazhi, a specialist in wmen’s diseases when I was surfing the Internet.
34．Yu’ve been absent six times ur recrds.
35．Thusands f penguins a shrtage f fd last year.
21．many treasures exhibited
【详解】考查名词和动词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“许多珍宝（被）展览”，可用“find＋宾语＋宾补”的结构表示“发现某物……”，宾语“许多珍宝”可用名词短语many treasures，宾语补足语“展览”可用动词exhibit，exhibit和treasures逻辑上是被动关系，因此exhibit应用过去分词的形式。故填many treasures exhibited。
22．It (suddenly) struck me that
【详解】考查固定句型。对比中英文可知，空处表示“我突然想到”，可用固定句型it strikes sb. that…表示“某人（突然）想到”，其中it作形式主语，that引导的名词性从句是真正的主语，结合“when I went dwnstairs”可知，主句时态应用一般过去时，应用过去式struck，“突然”可用副词suddenly，也可省略，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填It (suddenly) struck me that。
23．Adding t their happiness
【详解】考查现在分词和倒装。增添了他们的喜悦之情为“add t their happiness”，本句为现在进行时，现在分词置于句首，构成完全倒装句。首字母大写。故填Adding t their happiness。
24．Under/In such circumstances
【详解】考查介词短语。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要介词短语under/in such circumstances“在这种情况下”，在句中作状语。故填Under/In such circumstances。
25．Upn/On returning t the cuntry
【详解】考查固定短语。结合提示可知，“一……就……”使用upn/n ding，相当于as sn as引导的时间状语从句，“回国”使用动词短语return t the cuntry，故填Upn/On returning t the cuntry。
26．lead t 27．be drawn ut 28．gt stuck 29．is acknwledged as 30．made sure 31．ther than 32．shwed prmise 33．By chance 34．accrding t 35．died frm
【解析】26．考查动词短语。句意：未煮熟的食物会导致食物中毒。空处作主句的谓语，结合“fd pisning”可推知，动词短语lead t“导致”符合题意，表示“导致食物中毒”，且空前有can，lead应用原形。故填lead t。
27．考查动词短语。句意：柠檬酸可以从橙子、柠檬或葡萄柚汁中提取。空处作句子的谓语，结合“frm the juice”可推知，动词短语draw ut“提取”符合题意，draw ut和主语Citric acid之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，表示“从橙子、柠檬或葡萄柚汁中提取”，且空前有can，be动词应用原形。故填be drawn ut。
28．考查动词短语。句意：由于没有足够的资金支持，没过多久她的项目就陷入了困境。空处作befre引导的从句的谓语，结合“Withut enugh financial supprt”可推知，动词短语get stuck“陷入困境”符合题意，表示“项目陷入了困境”，且根据“it was nt lng”可知，时态应用一般过去时，get应用过去式的形式。故填gt stuck。
29．考查动词短语。句意：艾萨克·牛顿被公认为世界上最伟大的物理学家之一。空处作句子的谓语，结合“ne f the greatest physicists”可推知，动词短语的被动式be acknwledged as“被公认为”符合题意，表示“被公认为最伟大的物理学家之一”，且句子描述的是一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语Isaac Newtn为单数，be动词应用is。故填is acknwledged as。
30．考查动词短语。句意：我确保自己的声音听起来很平静，但我的脑子却在飞快地转。空处作主句的谓语，结合“I sunded calm”可推知，动词短语make sure“确保”符合题意，表示“确保自己的声音听起来很平静”，且根据“sunded”可知，时态应用一般过去时，make应用过去式的形式。故填made sure。
31．考查介词短语。句意：我们六月份要离开，但除此之外，我整个夏天都会在这里。句子主干成分完整，空后为指示代词that，结合“I’ll be here all summer”可推知，介词短语ther than“除……以外”符合题意，排除前面所提的情况。故填ther than。
32．考查动词短语。句意：这个男孩第一次表现出成为运动员的潜力是在他上小学的时候。主句缺少谓语，结合“as an athlete”可推知，动词短语shw prmise“显示出潜力”符合题意，表示“表现出成为运动员的潜力”，且根据“was”可知，时态应用一般过去时，shw应用过去式的形式。故填shwed prmise。
33．考查介词短语。句意：一次偶然的机会，我在上网时读到一篇关于林巧稚的文章，她是一位女性疾病专家。句子主干成分完整，结合“I read an article abut Lin Qiazhi”可推知，介词短语by chance“偶然地，意外地”符合题意，表示某件事情是偶然发生的，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填By chance。
34．考查介词短语。句意：根据我们的记录，你已经缺席六次了。句子主干成分完整，空后为名词短语，结合“ur recrds”可推知，介词短语accrding t“根据”符合题意，表示“根据我们的记录”。故填accrding t。
35．考查动词短语。句意：去年，成千上万的企鹅死于食物短缺。空处作句子的谓语，结合“a shrtage f fd”可推知，动词短语die frm“死于”符合题意，表示“死于食物短缺”，且根据“last year”可知，时态应用一般过去时，die应用过去式的形式。故填died frm。
六、七选五
Albert Einstein was brn in Ulm, Germany n 14 March, 1879. 36 Einstein was s smart that at age 16 he wrte his first paper. Hwever, Einstein did badly at schl. 37 He ended up at cllege in Switzerland. His grades meant it was difficult t get a jb after cllege, but a friend fund him wrk finally.
Albert had a great year in 1905, publishing (发表) fur scientific papers! 38 One f the things he researched was that energy and mass (质量) are different frms f the same thing. This was explained by his famus equatin E=mc². In 1909 Albert was finally made a prfessr at the University f Zurich. He cntinued imprving his wrk, and in 1915 he published his thery f general relativity (广义相对论) .
In 1919, ne f Albert’s theries was prved, making him the mst famus scientist alive! 39 His wrk changed the way we think abut time and space, and als helped with develpments like the televisin.
40 And in 1933, Albert decided t stay in the USA frever. He became an American in 1940. Sadly, Einstein’s wrk with atms (原子) led t the inventin f the atmic bmb. Albert spent the rest f his life taking part in activities fr wrld peace. He died in 1955.
A．Albert spent lts f time in America.
B．Einstein lved t use his imaginatin.
C．His wrk turned mdern physics n its head.
D．Even as an adult, Einstein was disrganized.
E．As a child, he enjyed slving math prblems.
F．And he wn the 1921 Nbel Prize fr Physics.
G．One teacher even said he’d never achieve anything!
36．E 37．G 38．C 39．F 40．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了Albert Einstein的生平。
36．上文“Albert Einstein was brn in Ulm, Germany n 14 March, 1879.( Albert Einstein于1879年3月14日出生于德国乌尔姆) ”介绍Einstein出生日期和出生地；下文“Einstein was s smart that at age 16 he wrte his first paper.( Einstein非常聪明，16岁时就写了他的第一篇论文) ”介绍了Einstein16岁时的成就；结合全文内容可知文章按照时间顺序展开，由此可知，E选项“As a child, he enjyed slving math prblems(小时候，他喜欢解决数学问题)”介绍Einstein孩童时期的情况，符合语境。故选E。
37．由上文“Hwever, Einstein did badly at schl. (然而，爱因斯坦在学校表现很差)”可知Einstein在学校的成绩不好；下文“He ended up at cllege in Switzerland. His grades meant it was difficult t get a jb after cllege, but a friend fund him wrk finally.(他最后在瑞士上了大学。他的成绩意味着毕业后很难找到工作，但一个朋友最终为他找到了工作)”说明虽然他最终上了大学，但成绩不好；G选项“One teacher even said he’d never achieve anything!(一位老师甚至说他永远不会取得任何成就！)”承接上文进一步说明Einstein在学校成绩不好，与上下文表达的意思一致；句中的“One teacher”与上文的“at schl”相呼应。故选G。
38．上文“Albert had a great year in 1905, publishing(发表) fur scientific papers! (Albert在1905年度过了伟大的一年，发表了四篇科学论文！)”介绍了Einstein在1905年所取得的研究成就；由此推知，空处陈述他的研究的意义。C选项“His wrk turned mdern physics n its head.(他的研究成果彻底改变了现代物理学)”符合题意。故选C。
39．上文“In 1919, ne f Albert’s theries was prved, making him the mst famus scientist alive!(1919年，Albert的一个理论被证明，使他成为当时世界上最著名的科学家！)”提到 Einstein的某个理论于1919年被证实，他成为了当时世界上最著名的科学家，下文“His wrk changed the way we think abut time and space, and als helped with develpments like the televisin.(他的理论改变了我们对时间和空间的看法，也促进了电视等的发展)”阐述了Einstein研究成果的重大意义；F选项“And he wn the 1921 Nbel Prize fr Physics.(他还获得了1921年的诺贝尔物理学奖)”符合文章的时间顺序，承接上文说明“ne f Albert’s theries was prved”后Einstein所取得的奖项，符合语境。故选F。
40．下文“And in 1933, Albert decided t stay in the USA frever. (1933年，Albert决定永远留在美国)”说明Albert Einstein于1933年决定定居美国。A选项“Albert spent lts f time in America.(Albert许多时间是在美国度过的)”符合语境，选项中的“spent lts f time in America”与下文“decided t stay in the USA frever”相呼应。故选A。
能力提升
一、完形填空
Many children may be fnd f animals, but few ever think f making the study f animals as their career. Even fewer will be 41 by the whle wrld, enjying the title f United Natins Messenger(使者) f Peace.
But ne wman has 42 all that. She has lived with chimps in the African frest fr many years and made great discveries. Jane Gdall’s lifelng 43 in animals began at an early age. By the age f 10 r 11, Gdall 44 ging t Africa t live with animals. This was quite a strange dream in thse days, as yung girls didn’t think f having such “wild” actins. But she was 45 by her mther. She tld her that if she really wanted smething, she shuld wrk hard, take advantage f 46 and never give up lking fr a way.
When a clse friend invited Gdall t Kenya in 1957, she readily 47 it. Within a few mnths f her arrival, she met the famus anthrplgist(人类学家) Dr Luis Leakey, wh sn decided that Gdall was the 48 persn he was lking fr t begin a 49 f wild chimps n the shre f Lake Tanganyika in Tanzania.
In the beginning, studying the chimps was nt easy fr her. The animals fled frm her 50 . With a strng 51 , she searched the frest every day, trying nt t get t clse t the chimps t sn. Gradually the chimps became used t her presence.
In Octber 1960, she bserved a chimp making and using 52 t fish fr termites(白蚁). This discvery threw 53 n the ppular idea at the time that man was the wrld’s nly tlmaker. The lnger Gdall’s research cntinues, the mre it becmes bvius that chimps are very 54 t humans.
Since the mid-1980s, Gdall has been lecturing arund the wrld t raise peple’s sense abut envirnmental 55 . “ Let’s live in the new age with hpe, respect fr all living things, understanding and lve.” she said.
41．A．recgnisedB．knwnC．acceptedD．admitted
42．A．dneB．prvedC．achievedD．realised
43．A．studyB．interestC．senseD．dream
44．A．was fnd fB．was tired fC．insisted nD．dreamed f
45．A．encuragedB．preventedC．advisedD．frced
46．A．knwledgeB．yuthC．hpeD．chances
47．A．acceptedB．refusedC．receivedD．cnsidered
48．A．nlyB．lastC．specialD．first
49．A．prjectB．studyC．centreD．career
50．A．in surpriseB．in a hurryC．as expectedD．in fear
51．A．willB．bdyC．desireD．mind
52．A．netsB．tlsC．hlesD．spns
53．A．dubtB．lightC．questinsD．beliefs
54．A．clseB．similarC．friendlyD．helpful
55．A．imprvementB．prtectinC．pllutinD．destructin
41．A 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．A 46．D 47．A 48．C 49．B 50．D 51．A 52．B 53．A 54．B 55．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Jane Gdall的事迹——她喜欢动物，将研究动物作为自己的事业，并取得了一些成就。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：更少会有人将得到全世界的承认，享有联合国和平使者的称号。A. recgnized承认，认可，赞赏；B. knwn知道；C. accepted接受；D. admitted（勉强）承认，招认。根据后文“by the whle wrld, enjying the title f United Natins Messenger (使者) f Peace”可知，喜欢动物的孩子有很多，但很少会将研究动物作为职业，而将研究动物作为职业，并且取得成就，进而为整个世界所认可的就更少了。故选A项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但有一位女性做到了这一切。A. dne做；B. prved证明；C. achieved完成，达到；D. realised意识到。But前后形成对比关系，上文提到很少有人能做到的事情，此处强调Jane Gdall做到了，“被全世界认可和享有联合国和平使者的头衔”这些都是非凡的成就，是她做到了这一切。故选C。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：珍·古道尔在很小的时候就对动物产生了毕生的兴趣。A. study研究，学习；B. interest兴趣；C. sense感觉；D. dream梦想。根据下文中“This was quite a strange dream in thse days(这在当时是一个相当奇怪的梦想)”可知珍·古道尔在很小的时候就对动物产生了毕生的兴趣。故选B。
44．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在10岁或11岁的时候，简梦想着去非洲和动物们生活在一起。A. was fnd f喜欢；B. was tired f对……感到厌倦；C. insisted n坚持；D. dreamed f梦想。根据“This was quite a strange dream”可知，Jane梦想着去非洲和动物们在一起。故选D。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她的母亲鼓励她追寻梦想。A. encuraged鼓励；B. prevented阻止；C. advised建议；D. frced迫使，强迫。根据下文“She tld her that if she really wanted smething, she shuld wrk hard, take advantage f chances and never give up lking fr a way.(她告诉她，如果她真的想要什么，她应该努力工作，抓住机会，永远不要放弃寻找方法)”可知，母亲鼓励她去追寻梦想。故选A。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她告诉她，如果她真的想要什么，她应该努力工作，抓住机会，永远不要放弃寻找方法。A. knwledge知识；B. yuth青年，青春；C. hpe希望；D. chances机会。根据上文“she shuld wrk hard, take advantage f”可知，母亲鼓励她，如果想要什么，就要努力，充分利用机会，不放弃。故选D项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1957年，一位密友邀请简去肯尼亚，她欣然接受了邀请。A. accepted接受；B. refused拒绝；C. received接收；D. cnsidered考虑。根据下文“Within a few mnths f her arrival”可知，Jane欣然接受了朋友的邀请。故选A。
48．考查副词和形容词词义辨析。句意：在她到达后的几个月内，她遇到了著名的人类学家路易斯·利基博士，他很快就认定简是他要寻找的特别的人，开始对坦桑尼亚坦噶尼喀湖畔的野生黑猩猩进行研究。A. nly仅仅；B. last最后；C. special特别的；D. first第一。根据上文内容可知，Jane一直以来的梦想是和动物生活在一起，而在当时的人看来是奇怪的，因此路易斯·李基博士认为她是特别的人。故选C。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她到达后的几个月内，她遇到了著名的人类学家路易斯·利基博士，他很快就认定简是他要寻找的特别的人，开始对坦桑尼亚坦噶尼喀湖畔的野生黑猩猩进行研究。A. prject工程；B. study研究；C. centre中心；D. career职业生涯。根据后文“In the beginning, studying the chimps”可知，此处表示开始了对黑猩猩的研究。故选B。
50．考查介词短语辨析。句意：动物们害怕地逃离了她。A. in surprise惊奇地；B. in a hurry匆忙地；C. as expected不出所料，正如预期的；D. in fear唯恐，害怕。根据下文“Gradually the chimps became used t her presence.(渐渐地，黑猩猩们习惯了她的存在)”可知，一开始由于不熟悉，黑猩猩因为害怕逃走了。故选D。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：凭着坚强的意志，她每天都在森林里搜寻，尽量不过早地靠近黑猩猩。A. will意志力；B. bdy身体；C. desire渴望；D. mind思考能力，思维方式。根据“she searched the frest every day”可知，虽然刚开始研究并不顺利，但是Jane有着坚强的意志。故选A。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：1960年10月，她观察到一只黑猩猩制造并使用工具捕鱼白蚁。A. nets网，网状物；B. tls工具；C. hles洞；D. spns勺子。根据下文中“that man was the wrld's nly tlmaker”可知，设空处对应的信息词是tlmaker，tl符合语境。故选B。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一发现对人类是世界上唯一的工具制造者这一普遍观点提出了质疑。A. dubt疑惑；B. light光；C. questins问题；D. beliefs信念。thrw dubt n 是固定短语，意为“对……产生疑问”，符合语境。故选A。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：简的研究进行得越久，黑猩猩与人类的相似之处就越明显。 A. clse亲密的；B. similar相似的；C. friendly友好的；D. helpful有帮助的。根据上文“In Octber 1960, she bserved a chimp making and using tls t fish fr termites(1960年10月，她观察到一只黑猩猩制造并使用工具捕鱼白蚁)”可知，随着研究的深入，她发现黑猩猩与人类的相似之处。故选B。
55．考查名词辨析。句意：自20世纪80年代中期以来，Gdall一直在世界各地演讲，以提高人们的环保意识。A. imprvement改善；B. prtectin保护；C. pllutin污染；D. destructin破坏。根据后文“Let’s live in the new age with hpe, respect fr all living things, understanding and lve.(让我们怀着希望、尊重一切生物、理解和爱生活在新时代)”以及结合上下文，她研究的是动物，她演讲中呼吁大家尊重所有的生物（包括动物），保护所有生物，以及他们的生存环境。同时结合常识判断，这里她是通过自己的演讲提升人们的环保意识。故选B。
二、语法填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tu Yuyu was awarded with Nbel Prize fr Physilgy r Medicine in 2015, because she has discvered artemisinin, which 56 (use) as a crucial new treatment fr malaria t save millins f peple.
Brn in Ningb, China, she graduated 57 Peking University Medical Schl in 1955. She was amng the first researchers 58 (chse) fr the bjective f discvering a new treatment fr malaria. At first, she went t Hainan because there were mre malaria 59 (patient). When she headed the prject in 1969, she decided t find traditinal 60 (btany) treatments fr the disease, s her team examined ver 2, 000 ld medical texts and evaluated 280, 000 plants, frm 61 they tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments.
Thugh Tu’s team tested dried wrmwd leaves and tried the liquid btained by 62 (bil) fresh wrmwd, they failed in vain. Hwever, Tu didn’t acknwledge defeat and analysed the medical texts again, finding a new way 63 (treat) the wrmwd. After failing ver 190 times, the team 64 (final) succeeded in 1971. This medicine, which was called artemisinin, sn became a standard treatment fr malaria.
Tu wed the hnr t the effrts f a team and she felt it 65 hnr t spread traditinal Chinese medicine arund the wrld.
56．was used 57．frm 58．chsen 59．patients 60．btanical 61．which 62．biling 63．t treat 64．finally 65．an
【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了居呦呦团队历尽千辛万苦发现青蒿素并获得诺贝尔奖的经历。
56．考查动词时态和语态。句意：屠呦呦于2015年获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，因为她发现了青蒿素，它被当作一种至关重要的治疗疟疾的新方法被使用，挽救了数百万人的生命。which指代先行词artemisinin，在定语从句中作主语，which后缺少谓语，和use是被动关系，描述过去的事情用一般过去时，主语是单数，谓语也用单数，故填was used。
57．考查介词。句意：她出生于中国宁波，1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。graduate frm表示“从……毕业”，故填frm。
58．考查非谓语动词。句意：她是第一批被选的以发现疟疾新疗法为目标的研究者之一。谓语是was，chse是非谓语动词，和researcher是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填chsen。
59．考查名词。句意：起初，她去了海南，因为那里有更多的疟疾病人。根据were和mre可知后面用名词复数，故填patients。
60．考查形容词。句意：当她在1969年领导这个项目时，她决定寻找治疗这种疾病的传统(植物学)方法，因此她的团队检查了2000多份古老的医学文献，评估了28万种植物，从中测试了380种不同的古代中国医学疗法。形容词修饰名词treatment，作定语，故填btanical。
61．考查定语从句。句意：当她在1969年领导这个项目时，她决定寻找治疗这种疾病的传统植物学方法，因此她的团队检查了2000多份古老的医学文献，评估了28万种植物，从中测试了380种不同的古代中国医学疗法。先行词280, 000 plants，在定语从句中作介词frm的宾语，故填which。
62．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管屠的团队测试了干艾叶，并尝试了从新鲜艾叶中获得的液体，但他们都失败了。介词by后面用动名词作宾语，故填biling。
63．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，屠不服输，重新分析了医学文献，找到了治疗艾草的新方法。way后用动词不定式作定语，故填t treat。
64．考查副词。句意：在失败了190多次之后，1971年团队最终成功了。副词修饰动词succeed，作状语，故填finally。
65．考查冠词。句意：屠认为这是一个团队的努力，她觉得在世界各地传播中医是一种荣誉。可数名词前用不定冠词，表示一个，hnr是元音音素开头的单词，前面用an，故填an。
拓展延伸
1．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jack was new t Wdberry Frest Schl this year. He carried a secret burden: a stutter (口吃) that ften brught abut laughter frm his classmates. This made him very upset. Shy and reserved. Jack chse t fade int the backgrund rather than draw attentin t himself. He felt like an utsider, never quite fitting in.
Jack was eager t exchange ideas with his classmates, but afraid f getting int truble. Jack's science teacher, Katherine, a warm and caring wman ften wearing a smile, nticed Jack's stutter and shyness. She bserved hw Jack struggled t express himself in class and hw he wuld shy away when called upn t speak.
Determined t lend a hand, Katherine tk Jack under her wing, encuraging him t embrace bravery and believe in his wn abilities. Subsequently, Katherine adpted a set f systematic methds t help him. She was glad t find the ptential in him, the intelligence and creativity that lay hidden beneath his stutter. Whenever pssible, Katherine was always ready t praise his effrts, always declaring, "Yu are s great!” Whenever Jack stumbled ver his wrds, Katherine always smiled at him encuragingly, prviding him with the strength t cntinue. Day by day, Jack fund himself speaking with greater cnfidence and fluency.
One day, Katherine annunced that each student shuld give a presentatin f a science prject in frnt f the class. Jack's heart sank, the familiar fear and anxiety wrapping arund him. Hw culd he pssibly stand befre his classmates t give his ideas clearly, knwing that they wuld laugh at him? As the presentatin drew near, Jack's anxiety munted. Then came the big day. He watched his classmates take turns t walk up t the frnt. They gave their presentatin with cnfidence and backed t their seats with satisfactin. Hwever, while Jack was waiting fr his turn, his heart beat s vilently that he felt as if he were sitting n pins and needles.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
It was finally his turn.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
When Jack finished his presentatin, the rm erupted int applause.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
66．It was finally his turn. Jack std up slwly and edged twards the frnt, his hands trembling. His classmates lked n, ready t see what was in stre fr Jack. He std there tngue-tied with his face turning pale. When he lked arund the classrm, Katherine was just smiling at him encuragingly. S Jack tk a deep breath and cncentrated n his presentatin. Wrds flwed frm his lips, despite sme pauses and repetitins. He even added gestures t better express himself. It seemed that cnfidence had fund him.
When Jack finished his presentatin, the rm erupted int applause. The applause washed ver Jack, and with it came a wave f cnfidence. His grateful eyes met Katherine's, her smile nw a symbl f his jurney t self-assurance. N lnger defined by his stutter, Jack felt a sense f belnging. His presentatin wasn't just an assignment; it was a testament t his ability t vercme persnal bstacles. As the rm quieted, Jack returned t his seat, his heart lighter, knwing that he had made a lasting impressin n his classmates and himself.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Jack和他的科学老师Katherine之间的互动，以及Jack如何逐渐克服口吃、提升自信并赢得同学们掌声的过程。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“终于轮到他了。”以及第二段首句内容“Jack做完报告后，全场爆发出热烈的掌声。”可知，第一段可描写Jack克服内心的恐惧，完成了自己的科学报告。
②由第二段首句内容“Jack做完报告后，全场爆发出热烈的掌声。”可知，第二段可描写Jack非常感激老师的鼓励，也克服了对口吃的恐惧。
2.续写线索：Jack是一名新生，他内心藏着一个秘密，那就是他口吃——为了不被同学们嘲笑，他将自己隐没起来——他的老师Katherine注意到了Jack，于是她经常帮助Jack鼓励Jack——随着时间的推移，Jack发现自己说话越来越有信心——一天，Katherine说所有学生都要在全体同学面前做一个科学项目的报告——Jack非常紧张，如坐针毡——终于轮到Jack，他鼓起勇气，开始了自己的科学汇报，当他看到自己的老师时，他信心倍增——Jack成功地完成了回报，得到了所有同学的称赞
3.词汇激活
行为类
①专注于：cncentrate n/fcus n
②克服：vercme/get ver
③返回：return/g back t
情绪类
①鼓励地：encuragingly/ in an encuraging manner
②感激的：grateful/thankful
【点睛】【高分句型1】His classmates lked n, ready t see what was in stre fr Jack.（运用了what引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】When he lked arund the classrm, Katherine was just smiling at him encuragingly.（运用了when引导的状语从句）
make sure, shw prmise, be acknwledged as, accrding t,
get stuck, by chance, lead t, die frm, ther than, draw ut