高中人教版 (2019)Unit 5 Working the Land精品课后复习题

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基础巩固
一、单句语法填空
1．It (estimate) that the prject will last fur years.
2．Althugh the fuel (cnsume) is greater in the nrthern hemisphere, temperatures there seem t be falling.
3．Even thugh ur earth is rich in water resurce, there is still a (shrt) f water in many places because cean water can’t be used directly.
4．As she wrte, she culd smell the (salt) air, hear the crashing waves and feel the pull f the sand beneath her feet.
5．In (real), many wmen are frced t make a chice between family and career.
6．The teacher’s selfless (devte) t the cause f educatin is well knwn, and all her students respect and lve her.
7．Fu believes it was his scientific apprach t training that enabled him (vercme) thse difficulties and reach his destinatin.
8．The saleswman (cnvince) t prmte cigarettes when the manager entered the rm.
9．The medical team (cmprise) f five experts decided t give up the cnventinal way t treat the disease.
10．By next year we wuld like t expand the American market.(用适当的词填空)
二、根据汉语提示单词拼写
11．After years f hard wrk, he (得到) a better psitin in the cmpany.
12．The firm is planning t (扩展) its peratins verseas.
13．The business is still in (危机) but it has survived the wrst f the recessin.
14．She des the (家庭的) affairs every day.
15．A mule is a (杂交动物) f a male dnkey and a female hrse.
三、根据首字母提示单词拼写
16．Hliday is a time fr l . But making gd use f the time is nt an easy task fr mst peple.
17．He met lts f difficulties alng the way, but he all f them.
18．The calls fr refrm cme as i debate cntinues amng the leadership ver the next five-year ecnmic plan.
19．B ecnmic grwth is ne f the gvernment’s gals at the mment.
20．With the research y gd results, researchers started t apply the findings t real-life situatins.
四、完成句子
21．这项工程进展缓慢，因为缺少熟练的工人。
The ging was slw n the prject skilled wrkers.
22．我们强调这样做的必要性，即在开始一个新项目之前，要把所有要达到的目标都考虑进去。
Emphasis is laid n the necessity that all the bjectives befre starting a new prject. (attain)
23．最使我们感到惊讶的是他不知道这两本书的不同之处。
he desn’t knw where the differences between the tw bks lie. (surprise)
24．传统的耕作方法能否用于盐碱地还有待观察。
the cnventinal farming methds can be used in saline and alkaline land. (remain)
25．As a scientist, he decided t scientific research.
作为一个科学家，他决定把他的一生奉献给科学研究。
五、选词填空
根据句意，选择适当的短语填空。
26．He decided the rest f his life scientific investigatin.
27．In ancient China, the sprt cuju, a game using a ball f animal skins with hair inside.
28．He seems cnfident but he’s quite insecure.
29．The lss f big trees is great in areas where trees water.
30．The new drink water, sugar and ther ingredients, which is ppular amng yung peple.
31．Cmputers, destrying jbs, can create emplyment.
32．As far as I’m cncerned, diligence (勤奋) is far mre imprtant than talents in helping peple .
33．He getting a place at art schl, which made him excited.
34．Thmas, she sensed, culd anyne anything.
35．She gives frequent perfrmances f her wrk, bth .
六、七选五
Experts ften tell students t center their effrts n a narrw field t get a jb after schl. 36
One f the winners f this year’s Nbel Prize in Chemistry was Danish scientist Mrten Meldal, wh is 68 years ld and wrks at the University f Cpenhagen. When describing his career, Meldal said he started ut as an engineer but changed t chemistry because he “wanted t understand the wrld.”
37 They might believe they have t center their wrk and schl lives in ne field t be successful. But a study frm prfessrs at Michigan State University shws that is nt always the case. The researchers lked int past Nbel Prize winners and their students. 38 sme f what they learned frm their teachers is hw t live a life with many interests. They are, in a way, learning hw t be creative.
Nbel winners are nine times mre likely t have experience in wrking with wd, metal r in the arts than mst scientists. The researchers als fund that the Nbel winners have an pen mind abut their life experiences. Unlike many peple wh spend lng hurs at wrk and give up their utside interests, 39
The researchers say that, even amng peple wh d nt win big prizes, thse with many interests are ften successful. They pinted t a 2022 reprt abut students wh study tw majr fields in cllege. 40 Duble majrs are ften mre creative and mre interested in starting their wn businesses than thse wh centered n nly ne study area.
A．That study plan is called a “duble majr”.
B．What we believe is f great benefits t them.
C．Meldal’s experience may cme as a surprise t students.
D．They discvered that if they helped each ther afterwards,
E．Nbel winners believe their hbbies are imprtant t creativity.
F．They fund that when the students f winners went n t win Nbel Prizes,
G．But recent research int Nbel Prize winners suggests that wider interests are imprtant.
1．is estimated
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：据估计，这项工程将持续四年。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，it作形式主语，that从句为真正主语，it和estimate之间为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为it，be动词用is，It is estimated that...为固定句型，意为“据估计”。故填is estimated。
2．cnsumptin
【详解】考查名词的用法。句意：尽管在北半球消耗的燃料更多，那里的温度似乎却在下降。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要一个名词作主语，cnsume是动词，需要转换成名词形式。cnsumptin是cnsume的名词形式，意为“消耗”，符合句意。故填cnsumptin。
3．shrtage
【详解】考查名词。句意：尽管我们的地球水资源丰富，但在许多地方仍然缺水，因为海水不能直接使用。a后跟可数名词的单数形式，shrt的名词是shrtage，意为“短缺”，作主语，a shrtage f (缺乏)。故填shrtage。
4．salty
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当她写作的时候，她能闻到带咸味的空气，听到海浪的撞击声,感觉到脚下沙子的拉力。设空处作定语,修饰名词air表示“咸的”用形容词形式。故填salty。
5．reality
【详解】考查名词。句意：在现实中，许多妇女被迫在家庭和事业之间做出选择。空格处用名词作宾语，real的名词是reality，意为“现实”，in reality是固定短语，意为“在现实中，实际上”，因此空格处是reality。故填reality。
6．devtin
【详解】考查名词。句意：这位老师对教育事业的无私奉献众所周知，她所有的学生都尊敬和爱戴她。selfless是形容词，空格处需填名词，作句子主语，devte是动词，其名词形式是devtin，意为“奉献”，符合句意。故填devtin。
7．t vercme
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：傅认为，正是他的科学训练方法使他能够克服这些困难并到达目的地。固定短语enable sb. t d sth.意为“使某人能够做某事”，空处应用vercme“克服”的不定式形式，作宾语补足语。故填t vercme。
8．was being cnvinced
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：售货员正被说服推销香烟，这时经理走进了房间。此处为句型sb. be ding sth. when…，且主语与谓语构成被动关系，用过去进行时的被动语态，主语为saleswman，谓语用单数。故填was being cnvinced。
9．cmprised
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由五位专家组成的医疗小组决定放弃传统的治疗方法。句中有谓语decided，前后无连词，应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰The medical team，且和动词cmprise是被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填cmprised。
10．int
【详解】考查介词。句意：明年我们想把业务扩展到美国市场。短语expand int“将……拓展到”，为固定搭配，故填int。
11．attained
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：经过多年的努力，他在公司里获得了一个更好的职位。分析句意可知，本句的时态可用一般过去时来陈述过去的动作和状态。根据汉语提示可知，表示“得到”可用动词attain，且用动词的过去式形式attained。故答案为attained。
12．expand
【详解】考查动词。句意：这家公司正计划把业务扩展到海外。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词expand“扩展”，满足句意要求，不定式符号t后接动词原形。故填expand。
13．crisis
【详解】考查名词。句意：该行业仍处于危机之中，但已挺过了经济衰退最严重的时期。根据汉语提示可知，crisis“危机”，名词，作宾语，in crisis“在危机中”，故填crisis。
14．dmestic
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她每天都做家务。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为形容词dmestic“家庭的”作定语修饰affairs，满足句意要求。故填dmestic。
15．hybrid
【详解】考查名词。句意：骡子是公驴和母马的杂种。“杂交动物”是hybrid，空前有a，空格处用单数，作表语，故填hybrid。
16．leisure/eisure
【详解】考查名词。句意：假期是闲暇的时间。但对大多数人来说，好好利用这段时间并不容易。设空处作宾语，结合句意以及首字母可知，应填名词leisure“闲暇”，为不可数名词。故填leisure。
17．vercame/vercame
【详解】考查动词。句意：一路上他遇到了很多困难，但他克服了所有的困难。根据句意和首字母可知，此空应填vercme ，表“克服”，为动词，在本句中作谓语，与主语 he为主动关系，且这里时态应与前面保持一致，用一般过去时。故填vercame。
18．intense/ntense
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在领导层就下一个五年经济计划展开激烈讨论的同时，改革呼声越来越高。根据首字母以及空后的debate可知，空处需要形容词intense“激烈的”，在句中修饰后面的名词作定语。故填intense。
19．Bsting/sting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：促进经济增长是政府目前的目标之一。根据下文“ecnmic grwth is ne f the gvernment’s gals at the mment(……经济增长是政府目前的目标之一)”可推理出空白处应填表示“促进”含义的表达，表示该含义的词为：bst，因空白处在句子中做主语，使用动名词，故填Bsting。
20．yielding/ielding
【详解】考查动词和现在分词。句意：随着研究取得了良好的结果，研究人员开始将研究结果应用于现实生活中。根据“researchers started t apply the findings t real-life situatins”和首字母y可知，此处是指随着研究取得了良好的结果，所以应用动词yield表示“产生”，在with的复合结构中，动词yield和逻辑主语research构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式作补足语。故填yielding。
21．because f shrtage f
【详解】考查介词短语和名词短语。对比中英文可知，空处表示“因为缺少”，“因为”可用介词短语because f，“缺少”可用名词短语shrtage f。故填because f shrtage f。
22．t be attained (shuld) be taken int cnsideratin
【详解】考查不定式，被动语态和虚拟语气。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“要达到的……都考虑进去”，“达到”是attain，目标是被达到，且表将来，因此用不定式的被动语态作后置定语，修饰bjectives，“把……考虑进去”是固定短语 cnsideratin，necessity作先行词，that从句是同位语从句，从句中用“shuld+动词原形”的虚拟语气，目标是被考虑进去，因此 cnsideratin要用被动语态shuld be taken int cnsideratin，其中shuld可以省略，因此空格处是t be attained (shuld) be taken int cnsideratin。故填t be attained (shuld) be taken int cnsideratin。
23．What surprised us mst is that
【详解】考查主语从句，时态和表语从句。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“最使我们感到惊讶的是”，“使某人惊讶”是动词surprise，是过去的动作，时态用一般过去时，surprise用过去式，“我们”为us作宾语，用mst表示“最”，“最使我们感到惊讶的”用what引导主语从句，“是”用be动词，此处是客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语从句作主语，谓语动词用单数，be动词用is，“he desn’t knw where the differences between the tw bks lie”是表语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此用that引导表语从句，位于句首的单词首字母大写，因此空格处是What surprised us mst is that。故填What surprised us mst is that。
24．It remains t be seen whether
【详解】考查固定句型和主语从句。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“能否……还有待观察”，“……还有待观察”用固定句型It remains t be seen...，“能否”是whether，因此空格处是It remains t be seen whether，其中it是形式主语，whether引导的是主语从句，故填It remains t be seen whether。
25． devte his life t
【详解】考查固定搭配。根据所给出的句子，结合所给汉语意思，表示“把某人的一生奉献给……”的固定搭配为devte ne’s life t…，根据主语he可知，ne’s应用his；结合上文decided t d sth.“决定做某事”可知，空处应用动词原形。故空1填devte；故空2填his；故空3填life；故空4填t。
26． t devte t 27．was knwn as 28．deep dwn 29．have a shrtage f 30．is cmprised f 31．far frm 32．(t) fulfil their dreams 33．succeeded in 34． cnvince f 35．at hme and abrad
【解析】26．考查动词短语。句意：他决定把他的余生奉献给科学研究。decide t d sth.决定做某事，该空用动词原形形式，devte…t…投身于，符合句意。故填t devte；t。
27．考查动词短语。句意：在中国古代，这项运动被称为蹴鞠，是一种用动物皮制的球，里面有毛。根据“In ancient China”可知，本句为一般过去时，be knwn as作为……而出名，符合句意，注意主谓一致。故填was knwn as。
28．考查短语。句意：他表面上很自信，但内心却很缺乏安全感。deep dwn在内心深处，符合句意。故填deep dwn。
29．考查动词短语。句意：在树木缺水的地区，大树的损失是巨大的。陈述事实，为一般现在时，主语为复数，谓语为复数，have a shrtage f缺少，符合句意。故填have a shrtage f。
30．考查动词短语。句意：这种新饮料是由水、糖和其他成分组成的，很受年轻人的欢迎。陈述事实，为一般现在时，主语drink，谓语为单数，be cmprised f由……组成，符合句意。故填is cmprised f。
31．考查短语。句意：电脑不但不会破坏工作，反而会创造就业机会。far frm完全不，符合句意。故填far frm。
32．考查动词短语。句意：就我而言，在帮助人们实现梦想方面，勤奋远比才能重要。help sb. (t) d sth.帮助某人做某事，fulfil ne’s dreams实现梦想，符合句意。故填(t) fulfil their dreams。
33．考查动词短语。句意：他成功地在艺术学校获得了一个名额，这使他很兴奋。根据下文“made”为一般过去时，succeed in ding sth.成功做某事，符合句意。故填succeeded in。
34．考查动词短语。句意：她感觉到托马斯能说服任何人任何事。culd后接动词原形，cnvince sb. f sth.说服某人某事，符合句意。故填cnvince；f。
35．考查介词短语。句意：她经常在国内外演出她的作品。作状语，at hme and abrad在国内外，符合句意。故填at hme and abrad。
36．G 37．C 38．F 39．E 40．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项针对诺贝尔奖获得者的研究发现，这些获奖者通常有多个领域的知识，广博的知识使他们在工作中能用不同的角度和方法思考问题。
36．根据上文“Experts ften tell students t center their effrts n a narrw field t get a jb after schl.(专家们经常告诉学生们，毕业后要把精力集中在一个狭窄的领域找工作)”及下文“When describing his career, Meldal said he started ut as an engineer but changed t chemistry because he “wanted t understand the wrld.”(在描述自己的职业生涯时，梅尔达尔说，他最初是一名工程师，但后来改行做化学，因为他“想了解这个世界”)”可知，专家们经常告诉学生们要把精力集中在一个狭窄的领域找工作，但是一些诺贝尔获奖者却做过不同的工作。由此可知，G. But recent research int Nbel Prize winners suggests that wider interests are imprtant.(但最近对诺贝尔奖得主的研究表明，更广泛的兴趣很重要)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
37．根据上文“When describing his career, Meldal said he started ut as an engineer but changed t chemistry because he “wanted t understand the wrld.”(在描述自己的职业生涯时，梅尔达尔说，他最初是一名工程师，但后来改行做化学，因为他“想了解这个世界”)”可知，上文讲述了梅尔达尔的经历。下文“They might believe they have t center their wrk and schl lives in ne field t be successful.(他们可能认为他们必须把他们的工作和学校生活集中在一个领域才能成功)”说明梅尔达尔的经历和他们认为的成功经验是不一样的。由此可知，C. Meldal’s experience may cme as a surprise t students.(梅尔达尔的经历可能会让学生们感到惊讶)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
38．根据上文“The researchers lked int past Nbel Prize winners and their students.(研究人员调查了过去的诺贝尔奖得主和他们的学生)”及下文“sme f what they learned frm their teachers is hw t live a life with many interests.(他们从老师那里学到的一些东西是如何过一种有多种兴趣的生活)”可知，此处在讲述过去的诺贝尔奖得主对他们的学生的影响。由此可知，F. They fund that when the students f winners went n t win Nbel Prizes,(他们发现，当获奖者的学生后来获得诺贝尔奖时)能够承上启下，符合语境。其中students是关键词。故选F。
39．根据上文“Nbel winners are nine times mre likely t have experience in wrking with wd, metal r in the arts than mst scientists. The researchers als fund that the Nbel winners have an pen mind abut their life experiences. Unlike many peple wh spend lng hurs at wrk and give up their utside interests,(诺贝尔奖得主在与木材、金属或艺术打交道方面的经验是大多数科学家的九倍。研究人员还发现，诺贝尔奖获得者对自己的生活经历持开放态度。不像许多人花很长时间在工作上，放弃他们的业余爱好)”可知，诺贝尔奖获得者兴趣广泛，而且不会放弃他们的业余爱好。由此可知，E. Nbel winners believe their hbbies are imprtant t creativity.(诺贝尔奖得主认为他们的爱好对创造力很重要)能够衔接上文，符合语境。其中hbbies对应上文中的utside interests。故选E。
40．根据上文“They pinted t a 2022 reprt abut students wh study tw majr fields in cllege.(他们指出，2022年的一份报告是关于在大学里学习两个专业的学生的)”及下文“Duble majrs are ften mre creative and mre interested in starting their wn businesses than thse wh centered n nly ne study area.(双学位的学生往往比那些只专注于一个研究领域的学生更有创造力，对创业更感兴趣)”可知，此处在讲述双学位的问题。由此可知，A. That study plan is called a “duble majr”.(那个学习计划叫做“双学位”)能够承上启下，符合语境。其中duble majr是关键词。故选A。
能力提升
一、完形填空
Farming and Gardening
Agriculture has a lng histry in China. Much f the wisdm 1 by early Chinese scientists is still useful fr farmers and gardeners tday. One f China's early agricultural scientists was Jia Sixie, wh lived in the sixth century AD．He spent his time ding 2 int agriculture.He cllected infrmatin, did experiments and learnt frm the 3 f farmers.
Arund 540 AD, he wrte a bk called Qimin Yashu. The bk is abut bth farming and 4 . It includes advice n the fllwing 5 ：grwing green vegetables and fruit trees, and keeping animals. Jia Sixie's bk is a practical guide fr farming. Firstly, as a farmer yu shuld d things at the right time f the year. If yu sw seeds and 6 yung plants in the fields at the crrect time f the year, yur wrk will be less and 7 will be better. The 8 f the sil is als very imprtant. Examine the sil n yur farm 9 . If the cnditin f yur sil is nt gd, yu shuld imprve it. Befre swing r planting crps, yu must clean rugh grund and 10 weeds. The best harvest is reached when farmers 11 the crps in their fields. Fr example, d nt plant rice 12 in the same field. But if yu plant rice in a field ne year and wheat in the field the next year, yu will 13 gd crps. Other scientists said that wheat shuld be planted with 14 between the plants, but Jia did experiments and 15 that planting wheat clse tgether was better.,
1．A．discveredB．recveredC．reprtedD．repeated
2．A．searchB．researchC．experimentD．statistics
3．A．adventuresB．advantagesC．traditinD．experience
4．A．nursingB．gardeningC．prduceD．trade
5．A．prgramsB．tpicsC．subjectsD．events
6．A．drpB．increaseC．grwD．thrw
7．A．dreamsB．endingC．hpesD．results
8．A．applicatinB．situatinC．cnditinD．additin
9．A．successfullyB．carefullyC．graduallyD．frequently
10．A．remveB．disturbC．killD．reduce
11．A．keepB．imprveC．manageD．change
12．A．ne after anther B．here and thereC．nw and thenD．year after year
13．A．winB．cllectC．harvestD．exprt
14．A．hlesB．linesC．spaceD．balance
15．A．shwedB．meantC．intendedD．decided
【答案】
1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．D 13．C 14．C 15．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我国古代农业科学家贾思勰对我国古代农业的研究和贡献。他的耕种方法对我国古代农业起了重要的指导作用。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：早期中国科学家发现的许多智慧，至今仍对农民和园丁有用。A. discvered发现；B. recvered恢复；C. reprted报道；D. repeated重复。根据后文“by early Chinese scientists”可知，被中国早期科学家所发现的许多智慧如今是依旧有用的。故选A。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他花时间研究农业。A. search搜寻；B. research研究；C. experiment试验；D. statistics统计。结合后文“He cllected infrmatin, studied it, did experiments”可知贾思勰花时间来研究农业。故选B。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他收集资料，研究资料，做实验，向农民学习经验。A. adventures冒险；B. advantages优势；C. traditin传统；D. experience经验，经历。结合空格前“He cllected infrmatin, studied it, did experiments”可知，他从农民的经验中学习。故选D。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本书是关于农业和园艺的。A. nursing护理；B. gardening种植，园艺；C. prduce生产；D. trade贸易。由本文的标题“Farming and Gardening”和第一段第二句“Much f the wisdm ___1___by early Chinese scientists is still useful fr farmers and gardeners tday.”可知，这本书是关于农业和园艺的。故选B。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它包括以下课题的建议：种植绿色蔬菜和果树，以及饲养动物。A. prgrams程序；B. tpics主题；C. subjects课题，科目；D. events事件。结合后文“grwing green vegetables and fruit trees, and keeping animals.”可知，该书包括种植绿色蔬菜和果树，以及饲养动物不同类目的建议。故选C。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你在一年中的正确时间播种和在地里种植幼苗，工作投入少，而结果将会很好。A. drp落下；B. increase增加；C. grw种植，生长；D. thrw扔。根据后文的“yung plants”可知，此处表示种植幼苗。故选C。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你在一年中的正确时间播种和在地里种植幼苗，工作投入少，而结果将会很好。A. dreams梦想；B. ending结束；C. hpes希望；D. results结果。根据前文“in the fields at the crrect time f the year, yur wrk will be less”可知，如果你在一年中正确的时间在地里播种和、让幼苗成长，你的工作量就会减少，结果会更好即收成更好。故选D。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：土壤状况也很重要。A. applicatin应用；B. situatin情况；C. cnditin状况，条件；D. additin增加。结合后文的“Examine the sil n yur farm”和下文“If the cnditin f yur sil is nt gd”可知，此处强调土壤的状况/条件也非常重要。故选C。
9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：仔细检查你农场的土壤。A. successfully成功地；B. carefully仔细地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. frequently频繁地。根据前文的“Examine”可知，这里指出土壤状况很重要，因此要仔细地检查。故选B。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在播种或种植作物之前，你必须平整土地并清除杂草。A. remve清除，移动；B. disturb打扰；C. kill杀死；D. reduce减少。结合常识，在播种或种植作物之前，必须平整土地并清除杂草。后文说明让羊或牛在地上走也是为了除草。故选A。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当农民在他们的田地里改变作物时，就能获得最好的收成。A. keep保持；B. imprve改善；C. manage管理；D. change改变。根据后文的“But if yu plant rice in a field ne year and wheat in the field the next year, yu will ___13___ gd crps.”可知，第一年中种植大米第二年种植小麦，第二年的收成会更好，因此最好的收成是在农民换种庄稼的时候。故选D。
12．考查短语辨析。句意：例如，不要在同一块地里年复一年地种植水稻。A. ne after anther一个接一个地；B. here and there到处；C. nw and then偶尔；D. year after year年复一年。根据前文“The best harvest is reached when farmers ___11___ the crps in their fields.”可知，最好的收成是在农民换种庄稼的时候获得的，因此不要年复一年的种植同一种作物。故选D。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是如果你今年在一块田里种水稻，明年在田里种小麦，你就会收获好收成。A. win赢得；B. cllect收集；C. harvest收获，丰收；D. exprt出口。结合前文“The best harvest is reached when farmers ___11___ the crps in their fields.”和空格后“gd crps”可知，最好的收成是在农民换种庄稼的时候获得的。如果你今年在地里种水稻，明年种小麦，你就会收获好收成。故选C。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他科学家说，种植小麦时，株与株之间要留有空间，但贾做了实验，结果表明小麦种植在一起比较好。A. hles洞；B. lines线；C. space空间；D. balance平衡。结合“between the plants”和下文“planting wheat clse tgether is better”可知，此处强调的是种植小麦时, 每一株之间要留有空间。故选C。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他科学家说，小麦应该在植株之间间隔种植，但贾思勰做了实验，结果表明紧密种植小麦效果更好。A. shwed表明；B. meant意味着；C. intended打算；D. decided决定。根据后文的“that planting wheat clse tgether was better.”可知，贾的实验表明紧密种植小麦效果更好。故选A。
二、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yuan Lngping, 16 (knw) as the “father f hybrid rice”, is ne f China’s mst famus scientists. Hwever, he cnsidered himself a farmer because he 17 (cntinual) wrked the land in his research. Indeed, his slim but strng bdy was just like that f millins f Chinese farmers, t 18 he devted his life.
When he was yung, 19 cncerned him mst was that farmers ften had pr harvests and smetimes even had a serius 20 (shrt) f fd t eat. T tackle this crisis, he 21 (chse) t study agriculture at Suthwest Agricultural Cllege in Chngqing.
After 22 (graduate) frm cllege in 1953, he wrked as a researcher. 23 intense effrt, he successfully develped the first hybrid rice that culd be used fr farming in 1974. This hybrid enabled farmers 24 (expand) their utput greatly. As a man f the sil, he cared little fr celebrity r mney. Instead, 25 (make) large dnatins t supprt agricultural research was what he ften did.
【答案】
16．knwn 17．cntinually 18．whm 19．what 20．shrtage 21．chse 22．graduatin/graduating 23．Thrugh/With 24．t expand 25．making
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平的出身、努力的工作和为人类做出的贡献。
16．考查非谓语动词。句意：被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平是中国最著名的科学家之一。短语be knwn as表示“被誉为……”，过去分词作定语。故填knwn。
17．考查副词。句意：然而，他认为自己是一个农民，因为他在研究中不断地在土地上工作。修饰动词wrk应用副词cntinually，故填cntinually。
18．考查定语从句。句意：事实上，他瘦削而强壮的身体就像数百万中国农民一样，他为他们献出了生命。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Chinese farmers，关系词作介词的宾语，指人，故填whm。
19．考查主语从句。句意：当他年轻的时候，他最关心的是农民经常歉收，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应用what。故填what。
20．考查名词。句意：当他年轻的时候，他最关心的是农民经常歉收，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。空出应填名词单数作宾语，短语a serius shrtage f表示“严重缺乏”。故填shrtage。
21．考查时态。句意：为了解决这一危机，他选择在重庆西南农学院学习农业。动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填chse。
22．考查名词或非谓语动词。句意：1953年大学毕业后，他从事研究工作。作介词的宾语，可用名词graduatin或动名词graduating。故填graduatin/graduating。
23．考查介词。句意：经过艰苦的努力，他于1974年成功地研制出了第一种可用于农业的杂交水稻。此处表示方式，意为“有，通过”应用thrugh或with，首字母大写。故填Thrugh/With。
24．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种杂交品种使农民能够大大扩大产量。短语enable sb. t d sth.表示“使某人能够做某事”。故填t expand。
25．考查非谓语动词。句意：相反，他经常做的是大笔捐款来支持农业研究。作句子的主语应用动名词形式。故填making。
三、阅读理解
Nestled in the heart f a muntain village in China’s Guizhu prvince, there is a unique eclgical family farm. It is run by Kevin Cillen, a 28-year-ld Belgian wh is passinate abut the land. With his parents and siblings, they have cmbined Western farming techniques with lcal cuntryside practices t cultivate an “eclgical asis”.
The family’s pursuit f their farming dream in China began in 2000, when Kevin’s mther Hetty Cillen visited China as a vlunteer fr the first time. The enchanting landscapes and rich cultural heritage f Guizhu fascinated her, causing her t make this freign cuntry her hme. Sn after, his father Patrick Jan Cillen jined her. In 2017, the family rented a plt amid the frest t establish an eclgical farm where they laid the fundatin, leveling the land, swing pastures and rearing lambs and chicks.
The lcals have penly embraced the freigners, inviting them t festivities and celebrating traditinal Chinese hlidays tgether. In 2018, Yang Chengkai, a 34-year-ld villager, befriended the family, ften assisting them n the farm. “The cmmunity has embraced this family. Even the vendrs at the lcal market cntribute by giving them vegetable scraps fr free t feed their livestck.” Yang says.
The family farm, hidden within the dense frest, is prf f Guizhu’s eclgical prgress. The farm practices diversified grass cultivatin fr high-quality animal feed, uses slar panels fr clean energy and emplys rainwater harvesting systems fr a stable water supply.
Living in China, the 28-year-ld Belgian has witnessed the cuntry’s remarkable changes. He has als seized the pprtunities f the Internet and new media t increase the farm’s visibility. Partnering with Qiu Ye, a scial media influencer, he has set up accunts like “Kevin’s family in Guizhu” n varius platfrms. By sharing their daily lives n the farm and the natural beauty f rural China, their cntent has quickly earned ver 700,000 subscribers.
26．What made Hetty Cillen decide t settle in Guizhu?
A．The natural beauty.B．Vlunteer wrk.
C．A research prject.D．Career prspects.
27．Hw des the family farm cntribute t eclgical prgress in Guizhu?
A．By creating jbs fr the lcals.B．By intrducing Western equipment.
C．By practising sustainable way f farming.D．By facilitating ec-turism and green living.
28．Hw has Kevin prmted the farm?
A．He has created a website.B．He has set up scial media accunts.
C．He has it advertised by lcal villagers.D．He has rganized events fr subscribers.
29．What might be the best title fr the text?
A．Belgians Harvest a Gd Farm Life in Guizhu
B．Belgians Get Enchanted by the Beauty f Guizhu
C．Belgians Becme a Scial Media Influencer in China
D．Belgians Live in a Lcal Chinese Cmmunity
【答案】26．A 27．C 28．B 29．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了比利时人Kevin Cillen和他的家人在中国贵州省的一个山村经营生态农场的故事，他们结合西方农业技术和当地乡村实践，创建了一个“生态绿洲”，并见证了中国的巨大变化。
26．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The family’s pursuit f their farming dream in China began in 2000, when Kevin’s mther Hetty Cillen visited China as a vlunteer fr the first time. The enchanting landscapes and rich cultural heritage f Guizhu fascinated her, causing her t make this freign cuntry her hme.（这个家庭在中国追求他们的农业梦想始于2000年，当时Kevin的母亲Hetty Cillen第一次作为中国志愿者来到中国。贵州迷人的风景和丰富的文化遗产让她着迷，使她把这个外国当成了自己的家。）”可知，贵州迷人的风景和丰富的文化遗产让Hetty Cillen着迷，所以她决定定居在贵州。故选A项。
27．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The family farm, hidden within the dense frest, is prf f Guizhu’s eclgical prgress. The farm practices diversified grass cultivatin fr high-quality animal feed, uses slar panels fr clean energy and emplys rainwater harvesting systems fr a stable water supply.（隐藏在茂密森林中的家庭农场是贵州生态进步的证明。农场种植多样化的草料以提供高质量的动物饲料，使用太阳能电池板提供清洁能源，并采用雨水收集系统以确保稳定的水源。）”可知，这个家庭农场通过实践可持续的农业方式来促进贵州的生态进步。故选C项。
28．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Partnering with Qiu Ye, a scial media influencer, he has set up accunts like ‘Kevin’s family in Guizhu’ n varius platfrms.（他与社交媒体网红邱野合作，在各种平台上开设了‘Kevin在贵州的家人’等账号。）”可知，Kevin通过在各种平台上开设账号来推广农场。故选B项。
29．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其结合第一段“Nestled in the heart f a muntain village in China’s Guizhu prvince, there is a unique eclgical family farm. It is run by Kevin Cillen, a 28-year-ld Belgian wh is passinate abut the land. With his parents and siblings, they have cmbined Western farming techniques with lcal cuntryside practices t cultivate an ‘eclgical asis’.（坐落在中国贵州省一个山村的中心，有一个独特的生态家庭农场。它由28岁的比利时人Kevin Cillen经营，他对这片土地充满热情。他们与父母和兄弟姐妹一起，将西方农业技术与当地农村实践相结合，培育出一片‘生态绿洲’）”可知，本文主要讲述了比利时人Kevin Cillen和他的家人在中国贵州省经营生态农场的故事。所以，A项“Belgians Harvest a Gd Farm Life in Guizhu（比利时人在贵州收获美好的农场生活）”最适合作文章标题。故选A项。
It was in a brightly-lit rm in Mexic City, Mexic, that n June 18, 2014 it was annunced that India-brn Dr Sanjaya Rajaram had been named the winner f the Wrld Fd Prize.
Dr Rajaram wn this award fr successfully crssbreeding (杂交) the winter and spring wheat (小麦) varieties, which have been tw distinct and islated gene pls (分离的基因库) since the beginning f farming. And because f this breakthrugh, the scientist has been able t breed ver 480 wheat varieties.
Brn in Varanasi in 1943, Dr Rajaram lived with his family ff a plt f land grwing wheat, rice and maize. “After my educatin here in India, I went ff t Australia fr my PhD and sn I jined CIMMYT (the Internatinal Maize and Wheat Imprvement Centre) in Mexic, where my career as a plant breeder started,” said Dr Rajaram.
“Every cuntry is unique — there are climate systems, culture, the financial situatin and each f the natins I visited needed a different set f slutins,” said Dr Rajaram. His slutins became part f what is widely described as the wrld’s first “wheat netwrk”, a glbal exchange f “genetic infrmatin and innvatins amng researchers”. His varieties f wheat were strng in nutritin, delayed (延迟) the attack f sme plant diseases and were able t survive the severest f cnditins.
After nearly half a century in the field, Dr Rajaram said his wrk was still nt finished. “In science, yu never stp learning. I have been ding this all my life and I’ve never really had time fr anything else. As far as hbbies g, well, there’s a bit f music I like t listen t and that’s pretty much it. I have been n a lng jurney f pushing the bundaries (边界) f what’s pssible and tday, there’s still wrk left. Learning must never stp and the wrld must nt g hungry.”
30．Why was Dr Rajaram awarded the Wrld Fd Prize?
A．He imprved several wheat varieties genetically.
B．He crssbred the winter and spring wheat varieties.
C．He successfully bred tw wheat varieties.
D．He fund the difference between the winter and spring wheat varieties.
31．When did Dr Rajaram start t wrk n plant breeding?
A．During his cllege years in India.
B．While ding his PhD in Australia.
C．After becming a member f CIMMYT in Mexic.
D．While living with his family near wheat-grwing land.
32．What is ne advantage f the wheat varieties develped by Dr Rajaram?
A．They can be planted in any seasn.
B．They are free frm the attack f sme pant diseases.
C．They can grw well in terrible envirnments.
D．They can grw taller than traditinal nes.
33．What can we learn abut Dr Rajaram frm the last paragraph?
A．He was t busy with wrk t develp any hbby.
B．He wasn’t satisfied with the results f his research.
C．He planned t d research in a new field f science.
D．He made his mind t wrk n wrld fd prblems.
【答案】30．B 31．C 32．C 33．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了小麦育种专家Sanjaya Rajaram成功培育出冬春杂交小麦品种，获得世界粮食奖。
30．细节理解题。根据第一段“It was in a brightly-lit rm in Mexic City, Mexic, that n June 18, 2014 it was annunced that India-brn Dr Sanjaya Rajaram had been named the winner f the Wrld Fd Prize.(2014年6月18日，在墨西哥墨西哥城一个灯火通明的房间里，印度出生的Sanjaya Rajaram博士被宣布为世界粮食奖获得者)”以及第二段“Dr Rajaram wn this award fr successfully crssbreeding (杂交) the winter and spring wheat (小麦) varieties,(Rajaram博士因成功杂交冬小麦和春小麦品种而获得该奖项)”可知，Sanjaya Rajaram博士被授予世界粮食奖，是因为他杂交了冬小麦和春小麦品种。故选B。
31．细节理解题。根据第三段中“After my educatin here in India, I went ff t Australia fr my PhD and sn I jined CIMMYT (the Internatinal Maize and Wheat Imprvement Centre) in Mexic, where my career as a plant breeder started,(在印度接受教育后，我去了澳大利亚攻读博士学位，很快我加入了墨西哥的CIMMYT（国际玉米小麦改良中心），在那里我开始了我的植物育种者职业生涯)”可知，Rajaram博士加入国际玉米小麦改良中心后，开始从事植物育种工作。故选C。
32．细节理解题。根据第四段中“His varieties f wheat were strng in nutritin, delayed (延迟) the attack f sme plant diseases and were able t survive the severest f cnditins.(他的小麦品种营养丰富，延迟了一些植物病害的侵袭，能够在最恶劣的条件下存活下来)”可知，Rajaram博士培育的小麦品种能在恶劣的环境中生长。故选C。
33．推理判断题。根据最后一段“After nearly half a century in the field, Dr Rajaram said his wrk was still nt finished. “In science, yu never stp learning. I have been ding this all my life and I’ve never really had time fr anything else. As far as hbbies g, well, there’s a bit f music I like t listen t and that’s pretty much it. I have been n a lng jurney f pushing the bundaries (边界) f what’s pssible and tday, there’s still wrk left. Learning must never stp and the wrld must nt g hungry.”(在该领域工作了近半个世纪后，Rajaram博士说他的工作还没有完成。‘在科学领域，你永远不会停止学习。我一辈子都在做这件事，我从来没有真正有时间做其他事情。就爱好而言，好吧，有一点我喜欢听的音乐，几乎就是这样。我一直在努力突破可能的极限，今天还有工作要做。学习永远不能停止，世界也不能挨饿。’)”可知，Rajaram博士已经在粮食领域工作了数十年，他认为自己还有很多工作要做，需要不断学习，让世界人民不再饥饿。因此可推断，他决定致力于解决世界粮食问题。故选D。
拓展延伸
1．假定你是李华。你校英语报举行“我敬佩的科学家”征文比赛。请根据要求投稿，
内容包括：
1．人物简介；
2．给出理由。
注意：
1．写作词数应为 80 个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The Scientist I Admire
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
The Scientist I Admire
Amng all the scientists, I admire Yuan Lngping the mst. He was brn in 1930 and passed away in 2021, knwn as the “Father f Hybrid Rice.”
Yuan Lngping dedicated his life t agricultural research. His grundbreaking wrk led t the develpment f hybrid rice, which has helped feed millins f peple nt nly in China but als arund the wrld. This incredible achievement has significantly cntributed t slving fd shrtages glbally.
Yuan Lngping shwed that with determinatin and hard wrk, we can vercme challenges and make a real difference in the wrld. He is truly a rle mdel fr all f us wh aspire t cntribute psitively t sciety.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生介绍自己敬佩的一位科学家，文章需包含人物简介及敬佩的具体缘由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
创新的：grundbreaking→innvative
难以置信的：incredible→unbelievable
成就：achievement→accmplishment
克服，战胜：vercme→cnquer
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Amng all the scientists, I admire Yuan Lngping the mst. He was brn in 1930 and passed away in 2021, knwn as the “Father f Hybrid Rice.”
拓展句：Amng all the scientists, I admire Yuan Lngping the mst, wh was brn in 1930 and passed away in 2021, knwn as the “Father f Hybrid Rice.”
【点睛】【高分句型1】His grundbreaking wrk led t the develpment f hybrid rice, which has helped feed millins f peple nt nly in China but als arund the wrld.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Yuan Lngping shwed that with determinatin and hard wrk, we can vercme challenges and make a real difference in the wrld.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
deep dwn, succeed in, be cmprised f，devte... t, far frm, cnvince... f,
at hme and abrad, have a shrtage f, fulfil ne’s dreams, be knwn as