2023~2024学年湖南省长沙市高一(上)期末综合能力检测英语试卷(解析版)

这是一份2023~2024学年湖南省长沙市高一(上)期末综合能力检测英语试卷(解析版)，共18页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Ⅰ.阅读(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Thailand’s fur train jurneys
If yu’ re nt in a rush, yu can take trains t travel arund Thailand. Here are the fur best train jurneys in the cuntry.
Ha Line
Start: Th; End: Sat Sam
Start at Th Wng Y train statin, just acrss the C P River frm Bangkk. Frm the windw, yu can see hmes, shps, palm trees and rice fields. The farmland disappears as yu enter Sam San. After getting ff and walking thrugh a busy fresh market, yu’ ll reach a harbr(港口).
Death Railway
Start: Th; End: Nam T
Built in the 1940s, the Death Railway is Thailand’s mst famus and histric train line. A ttal f 688 bridges were built alng the rute(路线). The trains that run n the Death Railway are 3rd- class, meaning they have n air- cnditiners and mstly wden benches. It’s a turist line, s there’ re stps fr shrt visits t histrical sites and an eave.
Beach Train
Start: Bangkk; End: Ha H
This rute skirts arund the Gulf f Thailand. Yur destinatin, Ha H, is Thailand’s riginal beach resrt(旅游胜地). The central attractin f the rute is Ha H red- and- white train statin, which was built in 1926. The train is largely respnsible fr Ha H wealth; therefre, the statin is a majr surce f pride.
Train t Las
Start: Bangkk; End: Thang
Starting frm Bangkk in the afternn, this rute crsses the Mekng River int Las. In the mrning, with warm sunlight streaming int yur bed, yu’ll pass by the charming tiny villages and seemingly endless use fields. After a stp in Nng K, yu’ll crss the s- called Friendship Bridge t Las.
1. What can’ be learned abut the Death Railway?
A. It is the mst famus and mdern line in Thailand.
B. Its trains are 3rd- class with all wden benches.
C. It prvides yu with gd natural views alng the line
D. It stps fr a few mments at histrical sites.
2. What d Death Railway and Beach Train have in cmmn?
A. They allw yu t enjy sea views.
B. They can give yu a sense f histry.
C. They ffer a lt f gd views alng the way.
D. They make yu experience the lcal life.
3. Which is the destinatin f Beach Train?
A. Bangkk.B. Nng K.C. Ha H.D. Thang.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了泰国的四条火车旅行路线。
【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Death Railway部分中“Built in the 1940s, the Death Railway is Thailand’s mst famus and histric train line. A ttal f 688 bridges were built alng the rute(路线). The trains that run n the Death Railway are 3rd- class, meaning they have n air- cnditiners and mstly wden benches. It’s a turist line, s there’ re stps fr shrt visits t histrical sites and a eave.(死亡铁路建于20世纪40年代，是泰国最著名、最具历史意义的铁路线。沿途共修建了688座桥梁(路线)。在死亡铁路上运行的火车是三等舱，也就是说他们没有空调，大多是木凳。这是一条旅游线路，所以会有短暂参观历史遗迹和休息的站点。)”可知，关于死亡铁路我们了解到的是它的火车是三等车厢，全是木凳，沿途你可以欣赏到优美的自然风光，有短暂参观历史遗迹和休息的站点，所以A选项“这是泰国最著名、最现代的线路。”不符合题意。故选A项。
【2题详解】推理判断题。根据文章Death Railway部分中“Built in the 1940s, the Death Railway is Thailand’s mst famus and histric train line.(死亡铁路建于20世纪40年代，是泰国最著名、最具历史意义的铁路线。)”和Beach Train部分中“The central attractin f the rute is Ha H red- and- white train statin, which was built in 1926.(这条路线的中心景点是建于1926年的哈哈红白火车站。)”可知，死亡铁路和海滩火车这两条线路的共同之处是它们可以给你一种历史感。故选B项。
【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Beach Train可知，“Yur destinatin, Ha H, is Thailand’s riginal beach resrt(旅游胜地).(你的目的地，Ha H.是泰国最原始的海滩度假胜地)”。可知，海滩列车的目的地是Ha H.。故选C项。
B
A few years ag, it seemed like Taylr Swift never went anywhere withut a large grup f friends. N matter what event she attended, a list squad (小队) — which included famus peple like Selena Gmez, Zen d and Gd Ha did — wuld be right by her side.
But nw Swift wants fans t knw that her friendships weren’t as perfect as she tried t make peple believe. In fact, she says she was using her friend grup t hide her insecurity (不安全) f feeling “uncl” and “unppular”. Swift says she went ut f her way t shw ff her squad because she didn’t have many friends when she was yunger — a memry that still bthered her years later. “Never being ppular as a kid was always an insecurity fr me,” she says.
When she became famus, Swift became bsessed (沉迷) with shwing ff her ppularity. “In my twenties, I fund myself surrunded by girls wh wanted t be my friends,” Swift explains. “S I celebrated my newfund acceptance int a sisterhd.” But by cnstantly putting her friends n display, Swift failed t cnsider hw bad her fans might feel abut themselves because they didn’t have a squad like hers. “I didn’t realize that ther peple might still feel the way I did when I felt s alne,” she says.
As she became lder and mre cnfident in herself, Swift started fcusing n the quality f her friends, nt the quantity (数量). She says she finally understands that the size f her grup desn’t mean hw “cl” she is. T her, it’s much mre imprtant t have a few friends wh can be trusted rather than a large grup f “fair-weather” friends.
While Swift still values her friends she has in her life, she n lnger feels the pressure t shw ff them fr the sake f impressing thers. “Fr t lng, the pinins f strangers affected hw I viewed things. But nw I learn nt t let utside pinins affect my wn life chices.”
4. What made Swift knw ld list squad?
A. The ppularity f her friends.
B. Her childhd experience.
C. The supprt f her fans.
D. Her strng scial influence.
5. What des paragraph 4 intend t tell us?
A. We shuld make real friends.
B. It is imprtant t trust ur friends.
C. Our friends can affect ur behavir.
D. There are many ways f making friends.
6. What des the underlined wrd “sake” prbably mean in the last paragraph?
A. Request.B. Advice.C. Methd.D. Purpse.
7. Frm which is the text prbably taken?
A. A scientific reprt.B. A scial newspaper.
C. A travel magazine.D. A mvie pster.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，本文主要讲述著名歌手Taylr Swift由于童年时期不受欢迎的经历喜欢带着一群朋友团，后来随着年龄的增长和自信心的增强，Swift开始关注朋友的质量，学会了不让外界的观点影响自己的人生选择。
【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Swift says she went ut f her way t shw ff her squad because she didn’t have many friends when she was yunger — a memry that still bthered her years later.(Swift说，她特意去炫耀她的团队，因为她年轻的时候没有很多朋友——多年后这段记忆仍然困扰着她)”可知，童年时期的经历让Swift认识了她的朋友小分队。故选B。
【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“As she became lder and mre cnfident in herself, Swift started fcusing n the quality f her friends, nt the quantity(数量). She says she finally understands that the size f her grup desn’t mean hw “cl” she is. T her, it’s much mre imprtant t have a few friends wh can be trusted rather than a large grup f “fair- weather” friends.(随着年龄的增长和自信心的增强，Swift开始关注朋友的质量，而不是数量。她说她终于明白，她的团队规模并不意味着她有多“酷”。对她来说，有几个可以信任的朋友比一大群“酒肉朋友”重要得多)”可知，本段主要告诉我们要结交真正的朋友。故选A。
【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“In fact, she says she was using her friend grup t hide her insecurity (不安全) f feeling “uncl” and “unppular”. Swift says she went ut f her way t shw ff her squad(事实上，她说她是在利用她的朋友群来隐藏她的不安全感，因为她觉得自己“不酷”、“不受欢迎”。Swift说，她特意去炫耀她的团队)”以及划线词后“f impressing thers(给别人留下深刻印象)”可知，Swift炫耀自己的朋友来隐藏自己的不安全感，推知划线词所在句意为“虽然Swift仍然珍惜她生命中的朋友，但她不再感到为了给别人留下深刻印象而炫耀他们的压力”，sake意为“目的”。故选D。
【7题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第四段中“As she became lder and mre cnfident in herself, Swift started fcusing n the quality f her friends, nt the quantity (数量).(随着年龄的增长和自信心的增强，Swift开始关注朋友的质量，而不是数量)”和最后一段中“Fr t lng, the pinins f strangers affected hw I viewed things. But nw I learn nt t let utside pinins affect my wn life chices.(很长一段时间以来，陌生人的观点影响了我对事物的看法。但现在我学会了不让外界的观点影响我自己的人生选择)”可知，本文主要讲述著名歌手Taylr Swift由于童年时期不受欢迎的经历喜欢带着一群朋友团，后来随着年龄的增长和自信心的增强，Swift开始关注朋友的质量，学会了不让外界的观点影响自己的人生选择，是关于友谊的，应是出自社交报纸。故选B。
C
We can learn t be happy but nly get lasting benefits if we keep practicing, a new study has revealed.
The team behind the University f Bristl’s Science f Happiness curse had already discvered that teaching students the latest scientific studies n happiness markedly imprved their well-being. Hwever, their latest study fund that these well-being bsts are shrt-lived unless the evidence-infrmed habits learned in the curse — such as gratitude, exercise, r run — are kept up ver the lng term.
Senir authr Prfessr Bruce Hd said, “It’s like ging t the gym — we can’t expect t d ne class and be fit frever. Just as with physical health, we have t cntinuusly wrk n ur mental health; therwise, the imprvements will be temprary.”
Launched in 2018, the University f Bristl’s Science f Happiness curse was the first f its kind in the UK. It invlves n exams r cursewrk and teaches students what the latest peer-reviewed studies in psychlgy and neurscience say really makes us happy. Students wh tk the curse reprted a 10% t 15% imprvement in well-being. Hwever, nly thse wh cntinued implementing the curse learning maintained that imprved well-being when they were surveyed again tw years later.
Prfessr Hd said, “This study shws that just ding a curse is just the start. Yu must cmmit t using what yu learn n a regular basis. Much f what we teach revlves arund psitive psychlgical interventins that take yur attentin frm yurself by helping thers, being with friends, r being grateful. This is the ppsite f the current ‘self-care’ dctrine (学说), but cuntless studies have shwn that getting ut f ur wn heads helps get us away frm negative thughts, which can be the basis f s many mental health prblems.”
8. What des the study find abut happiness?
A. Happiness can be learned, but we have t wrk at it.
B. Financial success des nt prduce lasting happiness.
C. Happiness is the ability t make the mst f what we have.
D. Trying t hard t find happiness may have the ppsite effect.
9. What can we learn frm Prfessr Hd’s wrds?
A. Learning has gt t be active and experiential.
B. Mental health is as imprtant as physical health.
C. Maintaining happiness requires cntinuus effrt.
D. Exercise is the best way t keep a healthy lifestyle.
10. What wrds can best describe the curse?
A. Lng and cmplex.B. Pineering and useful.
C. Cheap and prfessinal.D. Interesting and educatinal.
11. Hw can we imprve mental health accrding t the last paragraph?
A. By interacting with thers.B. By fcusing n urselves.
C. By learning a new curse.D. By aviding negative friends.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了布里斯托大学快乐科学课程的研究，该研究指出快乐是可以习得的，但我们必须不断努力去获得它。
【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“We can learn t be happy but nly get lasting benefits if we keep practicing, a new study has revealed. (一项新的研究表明，我们可以学会快乐，但只有坚持练习才能获得持久的好处。)”可知，该研究发现，快乐是可以习得的，但我们必须努力去获得它。故选A项。
【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Hd教授所说的话“It’s like ging t the gym — we can’t expect t d ne class and be fit frever. Just as with physical health, we have t cntinuusly wrk n ur mental health; therwise, the imprvements will be temprary. (这就像去健身房——我们不能指望上一堂课就永远保持健康。就像保持身体健康一样，我们必须不断努力保持心理健康；否则，这些改善将是暂时的。)”可知，Hd教授把获得快乐比作通过去健身房保持身体健康，指出保持身体健康需要不断去健身房，而保持快乐也要不断的努力。故选C项。
【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Launched in 2018, the University f Bristl’s Science f Happiness curse was the first f its kind in the UK. It invlves n exams r cursewrk and teaches students what the latest peer-reviewed studies in psychlgy and neurscience say really makes us happy. Students wh tk the curse reprted a 10% t 15% imprvement in well-being. (布里斯托大学的快乐科学课程于2018年推出，是英国首个此类课程。它不涉及考试或作业，教给学生心理学和神经科学领域最新的同行评议研究认为真正能让我们快乐的东西。参加这门课程的学生报告说，他们的幸福感提高了10%到15%。)”可知，这门课程是英国首个此类课程，与传统的课程不同，不涉及考试或作业，而且参加的学生的幸福感的确得到了提升。由此可知，这门课程具有开拓性和实用性。故选B项。
【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Much f what we teach revlves arund psitive psychlgical interventins that take yur attentin frm yurself by helping thers, being with friends, r being grateful. (我们教的很多东西都围绕着积极的心理干预，通过帮助别人、和朋友在一起或心怀感激，把你的注意力从自己身上转移开。)”可知，我们可以通过与他人互动来改善心理健康。故选A项。
D
A number f new huses acrss Califrnia are selling unusually fast. In the past tw mnths, 82 have been sld ut, and the waiting list is 1,000 lng. That demand shuld, thugh, sn be satisfied — fr, while it can take weeks t put up a cnventinal bricks-and-mrtar dwelling (砖混住宅), the cnstructrs behind these huses are able t build ne in less than 24 hurs. They can d it s rapidly because their prducts are cllected frm prefabricated (预制的) cmpnents printed in a factry.
Three-dimensinal (3D) printing has been arund since the early 1980s, but is nw develping fast. It is already emplyed t make things ranging frm rthpedic (整形外科的) implants t cmpnents fr aircraft. The details vary accrding t the prducts and prcesses invlved, but the underlying principle (原理) is the same. A layer f material is laid dwn and smehw fixed in place. Then anther is put n tp f it. Then anther. By varying the shape and the cmpsitin, bjects can be crafted that wuld be difficult r impssible t prduce with cnventinal techniques.
Nt nly des 3D printing allw greater versatility (用途广泛) and faster cnstructin, it als prmises a mre envirnmentally friendly apprach. That may make it a useful answer t tw challenges nw facing the wrld: a shrtage f husing and climate change. Mre than 20% f Earth’s ppulatin lack adequate accmmdatin. And the cnstructin industry is respnsible fr 11% f the wrld’s man-made carbn-dixide emissins. An imprtant benefit is that there is less need t mve lts f heavy stuff. Palari Hmes, fr instance, estimates that prefabricating its prducts reduces the number f lrry jurneys sufficiently t cut tw tnnes ff the amunt f carbn dixide released per hme. If successful, building by 3D printing is likely t spread beynd husing. Opprtunities als exist in warehusing, ffices and ther cmmercial buildings.
12. What can be inferred frm paragraph 1?
A. Huses are selling faster in Califrnia than ther places.
B. The demands f huses can be well met in Califrnia.
C. Traditinal huse sale in Califrnia has been increasing recently.
D. Cnventinal dwellings need mre time t cmplete than 3D printed huses.
13. What’s paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. The develpment and explanatin f 3D printing.
B. The applicatin and wrk principles f 3D printing.
C. The advantages f 3D printing.
D. The functins and future f 3D printing.
14. What’s the authr’s attitude twards 3D printing?
A. Neutral.B. Negative.C. Favrable.D. Wrried.
15. What’s the suitable title fr the passage?
A. 3D printing — applicatin t the cnstructin field
B. 3D printing — an envirnmentally friendly tech
C. The prmising future f the 3D printing industry
D. New practice f the familiar 3D printing
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3D打印技术在建筑行业的应用，指出其能够快速建造房屋并具有环保优势，有助于解决住房短缺和气候变化问题，并可能扩展到其他商业建筑领域。
【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“That demand shuld, thugh, sn be satisfied — fr, while it can take weeks t put up a cnventinal bricks-and-mrtar dwelling (砖混住宅), the cnstructrs behind these huses are able t build ne in less than 24 hurs. They can d it s rapidly because their prducts are cllected frm prefabricated (预制的) cmpnents printed in a factry. (不过，这种需求应该很快就会得到满足，因为建造一所传统的砖混住宅可能需要数周的时间，而这些房屋背后的建造者能够在不到24小时的时间内建造一所房屋。他们能做的如此之快，因为他们的产品是来自印刷在工厂预制组件。)”可知，建造一所传统的砖混住宅可能需要数周的时间，但利用3D打印时间可缩短到24小时以内。由此可知，传统住宅比3D打印房屋需要更多的时间来完成。故选D项。
【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Three-dimensinal (3D) printing has been arund since the early 1980s, but is nw develping fast. It is already emplyed t make things ranging frm rthpedic (整形外科的) implants t cmpnents fr aircraft. The details vary accrding t the prducts and prcesses invlved, but the underlying principle (原理) is the same. A layer f material is laid dwn and smehw fixed in place. Then anther is put n tp f it. Then anther. By varying the shape and the cmpsitin, bjects can be crafted that wuld be difficult r impssible t prduce with cnventinal techniques. (自20世纪80年代初以来，三维(3D)打印已经出现，但现在发展迅速。它已经被用于制造从骨科植入物到飞机部件的各种产品。具体细节根据所涉及的产品和过程而有所不同，但基本原理是相同的。铺上一层材料，并以某种方式固定在适当的位置。然后再把另一个放在上面。然后另一个。通过改变形状和组成，可以制作出用传统技术很难或不可能生产的物体。)”可知，本段主要介绍了3D打印的应用领域和工作原理。故选B项。
【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Nt nly des 3D printing allw greater versatility (用途广泛) and faster cnstructin, it als prmises a mre envirnmentally friendly apprach. That may make it a useful answer t tw challenges nw facing the wrld: a shrtage f husing and climate change. (3D打印不仅具有更广泛的用途和更快的建造速度，而且有望成为一种更环保的方法。这可能会使它成为解决目前世界面临的两大挑战的有用答案：住房短缺和气候变化。)”可知，作者认为3D打印用途广泛，建造速度快，更加环保，而且可能帮助解决住房短缺和气候变化。由此可知，作者是支持3D打印的。故选C项。
【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕3D打印技术在建筑行业的应用展开，第一段用加州新房屋的销售引出使用3D打印可以快速有效地使用预制组件建造房屋，第二段补充3D打印的相关背景知识，介绍这种打印在其他领域的应用，以及工作原理，第三段介绍用3D打印建造房屋的优势，主要有关解决住房短缺和气候变化的挑战。因此，A项“3D打印：在建筑领域的应用”最契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选A项。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is yur dg anything like mine, wh lves rlling arund in a pair f grass any chance she gets? And it always cracks me up (and anybdy walking by) t watch my dg, Na, have the time f her life. ____16____ Is she cling ff? Is she just super happy?
T find ut why Na and s many ther dgs like t stp, drp and rll, I reached ut t Dr. Stephanie Austin. ____17____
She’s enjying a smell. It’s imprtant t remember hw incredibly pwerful yur dg’s nse is. “They are picking up n hundreds f subtle scents that we can’t even cmprehend!” Dr. Austin said. “Smetimes they want t enjy a scent they have fund in the grass and will rll arund in it t d just that.
____18____ Accrding t Dr. Austin, there’s anther smelly reasn why yur pup may be rlling arund in that patch f grass. “Dgs may rll in grass t hide their wn scent, as mre f an inherited predatry (捕食性的) instinct,” Dr. Austin said.
She’s scratching an itch (挠痒痒). “It’s gd t rule ut any allergies and make sure, yur dg isn’t rlling a tn t scratch a cnstantly itchy back r side. ____19____” Dr. Austin said.
She’s cling ff. If it’s a particularly ht day, that grass may lk extra appealing t yur dg, where she can just be relaxed and having fun. It might even be a little wet frm a sprinkler — the perfect cmb fr yur dg t cl ff in.
If yu ntice yur dg rlling arund in the grass, it’s prbably just her having the best time ever. ____20____. But nw I’m even thinking abut jining mine next time.
A. She’s cvering up her wn scent.
B. She trying t scare ff prey (猎物).
C. But therwise, it’s prbably nrmal that she’s having a gd time.
D. But I’ve always wndered why she actually des it.
E. She is an animal dctr wh has been wrking n curing dgs fr several years.
F. And here are sme f the mst cmmn explanatins behind this behavir.
G. I’m nt sure abut yu.
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. A 19. C 20. G
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了小狗在草地上打滚的原因。
【16题详解】由下文“Is she cling ff? Is she just super happy? (她在降温吗？她只是超级开心吗？)”可知，空后提出了一些问题，说明空处为提出这些问题的原因，即作者一直在想为什么小狗要在草地上打滚。所以D项“But I’ve always wndered why she actually des it. (但我一直想知道她为什么要这么做。)”符合语境，有启下作用。故选D项。
【17题详解】由上文“T find ut why Na and s many ther dgs like t stp, drp and rll,I reached ut t Dr. Stephanie Austin. (为了弄清楚为什么Na和这么多其他狗喜欢停下来打滚，我联系了斯蒂芬妮·奥斯汀博士。)”可知，这里主要讲作者向专业人士咨询，而F项“And here are sme f the mst cmmn explanatins behind this behavir. (以下是这种行为背后的一些最常见的解释。)”符合语境，其中here are sme f the mst cmmn explanatins有启下作用，this behavir与上文like t stp, drp and rll对应，有承上作用。故选F项。
【18题详解】由下文“Accrding t Dr. Austin, there’s anther smelly reasn why yur pup may be rlling arund in that patch f grass. ‘Dgs may rll in grass t hide their wn scent, as mre f an inherited predatry (捕食性的) instinct,’ Dr. Austin said. (奥斯汀博士说，你的小狗在那片草地上打滚还有另一个原因。奥斯汀博士说：‘狗可能会在草丛中滚动以隐藏自己的气味，这更多地是一种遗传的掠食性本能。’)”可知，这里主要讲狗可能会在草丛中滚动来隐藏自己的气味，所以A项“She’s cvering up her wn scent. (她在掩盖自己的气味。)”符合语境，其中cvering up her wn scent与下文hide their wn scent对应，有启下作用。故选A项。
【19题详解】由上文“It’s gd t rule ut any allergies and make sure , yur dg isn’t rlling a tn t scratch a cnstantly itchy back r side. (最好排除任何过敏反应，并确保你的狗不会因为不断发痒的背部或侧面而翻滚。)”可知，这里主要讲排除狗不是因为发痒而打滚，而C项“But therwise, it’s prbably nrmal that she’s having a gd time. (但除此之外，她玩得很开心可能是正常的。)”符合语境，其中But therwise，表示和上文形成转折。故选C项。
【20题详解】由下文“But nw I’m even thinking abut jining mine next time. (但现在我甚至在考虑下次加入我的狗。)”可知，这里主要讲作者想下次加入狗一起打滚玩，而G项“I’m nt sure abut yu. (我不确定你。)”符合语境，与后句形成转折。故选G项。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
It has been fur years since I learn t ride a hrse frm Wrk t Ride. The prgram was put frward by Hi, wh was a frmer cmpetitive rider. But nw he ____21____ helping inner-city kids find curage and cnfidence thrugh riding hrses. He ____22____ the prgram fr teenagers playing pl (马球). Each student is assigned a “care hrse” — an animal they are ____23____ fr raising and caring fr. Thugh it’s free fr teens, ____24____ the prgram requires ther types f investment.
Fur years ag, a friend first tld me abut the prgram, saying it wuld allw me t spend my afternns ____25____ hrses while riding them fr free. I was curius abut it, s I fllwed him t the barn (牲口房) where hrses were kept. At first when I saw my big hrse, I was ____26____. After mnths f practice, hwever, the fear I had ____27____ twards the hrse was lng gne. I was ____28____ t ride a hrse. It was all due t these ____29____: feeding my “care hrse”, cleaning it and checking it fr signs f injury. But I thught the experience was different frm anything I had ______30______ imagined.
Many kids ______31______ fr the prgram and their mms always speak highly f Hi: The prgram has been a great ______32______. Hi is strict with the kids. “It’s ______33______ fr kids t cme here n time. Yu’ll be kicked ff the prgram if yu stp ______34______ classes,” he stressed. His gals are mderate (适度的). “Watching these kids develp a relatinship with their hrses is ______35______,” he said.
21. A. fcuses nB. feeds nC. reflects nD. relies n
22. A. receivedB. fundedC. cmpletedD. refused
23. A. talentedB. respnsibleC. perfectD. desperate
24. A. jiningB. dnatingC. vlunteeringD. instructing
25. A. watching frB. appealing tC. lking afterD. trying ut
26. A. excitedB. wrriedC. surprisedD. frightened
27. A. brneB. expressedC. causedD. imagined
28. A. chsenB. afraidC. recmmendedD. delighted
29. A. cntributinsB. testsC. effrtsD. hpes
30. A. actuallyB. riginallyC. finallyD. luckily
31. A. paidB. waitedC. enteredD. searched
32. A. cmpetitinB. treatC. awardD. success
33. A. naturalB. pssibleC. necessaryD. usual
34. A. attendingB. buyingC. rganizingD. enjying
35. A. shckingB. unbelievableC. understandableD. rewarding
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名前竞技骑手Hi创立了一个免费骑马项目，旨在帮助贫民区孩子通过骑马增强勇气和信心。每个孩子负责一匹“看护马”，需照顾和饲养。作者四年前加入该项目，起初害怕骑马，但通过练习和照顾马匹，逐渐克服恐惧并爱上骑马。项目很成功，Hi得到了孩子们母亲的高度赞扬。
【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但现在他专注于帮助贫民区的孩子通过骑马找到勇气和信心。A. fcuses n专注于；B. feeds n以……为食；C. reflects n反思；D. relies n依赖于。根据上文“The prgram was put frward by Hi, wh was a frmer cmpetitive rider.”可知，Hi以前是一名竞技骑手，这个项目是由他提出的，由此推知，他现在是专注于通过这个项目帮助这些孩子。故选A。
【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他创立了青少年打马球的项目。A. received收到；B. funded创立；C. cmpleted完成；D. refused拒绝。根据上文“The prgram was put frward by Hi”可知，这个项目是由Hi提出的，因此他创立了该项目。故选B。
【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个学生都被分配了一匹“看护马”——他们负责饲养和照顾的动物。A. talented有才华的；B. respnsible负责的；C. perfect完美的；D. desperate绝望的。根据下文“feeding my “care hrse”, cleaning it and checking it fr signs f injury”可知，参与该项目的学生需要负责饲养和照顾马匹。故选B。
【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然该项目对青少年是免费的，但参与该项目需要其他类型的投入。A. jining参加；B. dnating捐赠；C. vlunteering自愿做；D. instructing指导。根据下文“feeding my “care hrse”, cleaning it and checking it fr signs f injury”可知，作者需要喂马，清洗马，检查马是否有受伤的迹象，由此可知，此处指参与该项目需要这种时间与精力的投入。故选A。
【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：四年前，一个朋友第一次告诉我这个项目，说它可以让我在下午免费骑马的时候照顾马。A. watching fr等待；B. appealing t吸引；C. lking after照顾；D. trying ut尝试。根据上文“an animal they are ________ fr raising and caring fr”可知，参与该项目的人在免费骑马的同时要照顾马。故选C。
【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，当我看到我的大马时，我很害怕。A. excited兴奋的；B. wrried担心的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. frightened害怕的。根据下文“the fear I had ________ twards the hrse was lng gne”可知，后来作者对马的恐惧消失了，因此一开始是很害怕。故选D。
【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，经过几个月的练习，我对马的恐惧早已消失了。A. brne怀有（某种情感）；B. expressed表达；C. caused引起；D. imagined想象。根据上文“the fear I had”和下文“twards the hrse”可推知，此处指对马怀有的恐惧的心理。故选A。
【28题详解】考查形容词和动词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴能骑马。A. chsen选择；B. afraid害怕的；C. recmmended推荐；D. delighted高兴的。根据上文“After mnths f practice, hwever, the fear I had ________ twards the hrse was lng gne.”可知，经过几个月的练习，作者不再害怕马，因此是很高兴能骑马。故选D。
【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一切都要归功于这些努力：喂我的“看护马”，清洗它，检查它是否有受伤的迹象。A. cntributins贡献；B. tests测试；C. effrts努力；D. hpes希望。根据下文“feeding my “care hrse”, cleaning it and checking it fr signs f injury”可知，喂“看护马”，清洗它，检查它是否有受伤的迹象，都是作者付出的努力。故选C。
【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但我觉得这次经历与我最初想象的完全不同。A. actually实际上；B. riginally最初；C. finally最后；D. luckily幸运地。从句用了过去完成时，再根据上文“I thught the experience was different frm anything I had”和下文“imagined”可推知，此处指和作者最初想象的完全不同。故选B。
【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多孩子报名参加了这个项目，他们的妈妈对Hi总是评价很高：这个项目非常成功。A. paid支付；B. waited等待；C. entered报名；D. searched搜索。根据下文“their mms always speak highly f Hi”可知，孩子们的妈妈对Hi总是评价很高，由此可知，孩子们是报名参加了这个项目，有了实际的体验。故选C。
【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多孩子报名参加了这个项目，他们的妈妈对Hi总是评价很高：这个项目非常成功。A. cmpetitin竞争；B. treat款待；C. award奖励；D. success成功。根据上文“their mms always speak highly f Hi”可知，孩子们的妈妈对Hi总是评价很高，因此这个项目非常成功。故选D。
【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们很有必要按时来这里。A. natural自然的；B. pssible可能的；C. necessary必要的；D. usual通常的。根据上文“Hi is strict with the kids.”可知，Hi对孩子很严格，因此是认为孩子们很有必要按时来这里。故选C。
【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你不去上课，你就会被踢出这个项目。A. attending定期去；B. buying购买；C. rganizing组织；D. enjying享受。根据上文“Yu’ll be kicked ff the prgram”可推知，在不去上课的情况下，孩子们会被踢出这个项目，动词短语attend class意为“上课”。故选A。
【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“看着这些孩子和他们的马建立关系是值得的，”他说。A. shcking震惊的；B. unbelievable难以置信的；C. understandable可理解的；D. rewarding值得的。根据上文“The prgram was put frward by Hi”和“helping inner-city kids find curage and cnfidence thrugh riding hrses”可知，Hi提出了这个项目，希望帮助贫民区的孩子通过骑马找到勇气和信心，因此对于他来说，看着这些孩子和他们的马建立关系是值得的。故选D。
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10 小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Students cntrl shadw puppets (皮影木偶) as the singing vice f 71- year- ld Liu Aibang eches (回荡) acrss the classrm. They use thin straight pieces f wd ____36____ (make) shadw puppets step nt the “stage” — a clth screen. Thse ____37____(sit) in frnt f the stage play music n drums, Suna hrns (唢呐) and ther instruments.
This is a Daqing shadw puppetry class at Lngdng University. Except Liu, ____38____ ther perfrmers f the shw are all cllege students. Starting in the Han Dynasty, Daqing shadw puppetry ____39____ (include) in the natinal intangible cultural heritage list (国家非物质文化遗产名录) since 2006. In the past, shadw plays ____40____(welcme) by peple f all ages, and were ften perfrmed during the festivals. ____41____, with films and sap peras becming ppular in the late 1980s, many perfrmers mved n t ther jbs. ____42____ ( face) with the chice between prtecting this art and making a gd living, Liu chse t stay n.
One day in 2020, Lịu received a phne call frm Zha Zhixue, ____43____ was head f the music schl at Lngdng University. Zha tld him that the schl planned t make an ____44____ (intrduce) f Daqing shadw puppetry int cllege classrms and develp yung students’ lng- term interest in intangible cultural heritage. Liu hpes t train mre yung peple. “Just as true lve is nt a ne- man shw, the learning and keeping f ____45____(culture) heritage needs effrts frm bth the ld and the yung.” Liu said.
【答案】36. t use 37. sitting 38. the 39. has been included 40. were welcmed 41. Hwever 42. Faced 43. wh 44. intrductin 45. cultural
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲的是刘爱邦老人为传播中国传统文化——道情皮影戏所做出的贡献。
【36题详解】考查不定式。句意：他们用又细又直的木片让皮影走上“舞台”——一块布幕。空处应填非谓语动词，由句意此处应用不定式形式t make，作目的状语。故填t make。
【37题详解】考查现在分词。句意：坐在舞台前面的人用鼓、唢呐等乐器演奏音乐。空处应填非谓语动词，主语Thse与动词sit之间为主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动，作后置定语。故填sitting。
【38题详解】考查定冠词。句意：除了刘爱邦老人，其他的表演者都是大学生。the ther+名词复数，意为“其他的……”。故填the。
【39题详解】考查动词时态。句意：道情皮影戏始于汉代，2006年被列入国家非物质文化遗产名录。空处应填谓语动词，由时间状语 since 2006可知此处应用现在完成时，主语Daqing shadw puppetry与动词include之间为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been included。
【40题详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：在过去，皮影戏受到各个年龄段的人的欢迎，经常在节日期间表演。空处应填谓语动词，由时间状语In the past可知动作发生在过去且主语shadw plays与welcme之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态were welcmed。故填were welcmed。
【41题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，随着20世纪80年代后期电影和肥皂剧的流行，许多演员转向了其他工作。由句意空处应填副词形式，空前后意思为转折关系，应用副词hwever，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Hwever。
【42题详解】考查过去分词。句意：面对保护这门艺术和谋生的选择，刘选择了留下来。空处应填非谓语动词，be faced with“面临；面对”，此处应用过去分词短语作状语，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Faced。
【43题详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：2020年的一天，刘接到了时任陇东大学音乐学院院长赵志学的电话。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Zha Zhixue，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词wh。故填wh。
【44题详解】考查名词。句意：赵告诉他，学校计划将道情皮影戏引入大学课堂，培养年轻学生对非物质文化遗产的长期兴趣。由句意及空前的make an可知应填名词intrductin，作宾语。故填intrductin。
【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：刘说:“就像真爱不是一个人的表演一样，文化遗产的学习和保存需要老年人和年轻人的共同努力。”由句意及空后的名词heritage可知应填形容词形式，作定语。故填cultural。
Ⅴ.读后续写(满分20分)
46. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One afternn after schl, Mary and her brther Keith were eating at a cafe near their hme. That afternn, they had t share their table with a yung lady in her twenties. After eating, she went t the restrm. Withut realizing, she had left her cellphne n the table. Five minutes later, she came ut and walked ut f the cafe withut lking back.
Mary saw the cellphne n the table. She quickly tld Keith, “Keith, the lady left behind her cellphne.” Keith lked at the cellphne. It tk his breath away because it was ne f the latest mdels n the market. Keith had always wanted a cellphne. But his parents had tld him, “Yu dn’t need ne. Yu can always use the huse phne.” He stared at it fr sme minutes. Then, he said in a lw vice, “I want t take the cellphne.” Mary culd nt believe her ears. “Yu can’t! What if the wner cmes back t lk fr it?” Hwever, Keith quickly gt the cellphne and put it in his schlbag. Then, he tk Mary’s hand and led her ut f the cafe quickly.
Once back hme, Keith lcked his rm dr with trembling(颤抖的) hands. Inside his rm, he tk ut the piece f beauty. He liked it s much, plishing it happily. But Mary tld him, “Keith, yu cannt keep the cellphne. That’s stealing! D yu frget that ur father always teaches us t be a kind and hnest persn? Hw will yu tell him abut the cellphne?” Keith said quickly, “I will say a friend lent it t me.” Hearing this, Mary yelled, “Nw yu are lying t. Oh dear! When did Keith turn s dishnest?” That night, Keith turned ver in bed frm time t time. He had difficulty sleeping, uncertain abut what he shuld d. Of curse, he liked the new cellphne. Hwever, he was feeling srry fr the wner. When he thught hw sad the yung lady wuld be at the lss f her cellphne, he was full f guilt and shame.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为70左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The next mrning, after a lng night, he decided t d smething.
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【答案】The next mrning, after a lng night, he decided t d smething. he was determined t return the cellphne t the wner. After schl, he tld Mary, “I am ging t phne the wner.” Mary was very happy t hear that. Back hme, they phned the wner’s huse phne. A girl answered the phne. Kevin asked, “Are yu the wner f the cellphne? I’m Keith. I have yur cellphne. Can yu cme and get it?” The girl replied “Yes” excitedly, expressing her gratitude repeatedly. Ten minutes later, she was at the same cafe t meet Keith. Handing back the cellphne t her and seeing her smile happily, Keith realized that hnesty was indeed the best plicy.