上海市杨浦区2024届高三一模英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份上海市杨浦区2024届高三一模英语试卷(含答案)，共26页。试卷主要包含了听力题，阅读理解，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，翻译题等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、听力题
1．What is the prbable relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Receptinist and guest.B. Manager and emplyee.
C. Lecturer and student.D. Mechanic and custmer.
2．What des the man suggest the wman d with her ld clthes?
A. Keep them in the clset.
B. Dnate them t her university.
C. Sell them t Sally at a lw price.
D. Give them away t a secnd-hand shp.
3．What des the man mean?
A. It is t late t sign up fr the curse.
B. Learning the basics is mre fun.
C. The wman is nt ready t learn cding.
D. The wman shuld d mre exercises.
4．What can be learned frm the cnversatin?
A. Alice will drive Jack t the airprt.
B. Alice will ck smething fr Jack.
C. Jack will be away fr quite sme time.
D. Jack has missed the meal at the airprt.
5．Hw much will they prbably pay if the service is gd?
A. $84.B. $82.C. $72.D. $80.
6．What des the man imply abut Jenny?
A. She is nt gd at typing n the cmputer.
B. She shps nline less ften than befre.
C. She is incapable f writing the reprt.
D. She is nt as busy as she claims.
7．Why des the wman insist that the man call again?
A. Because she frgt which rm she had stayed.
B. Because she thught she had been wrngly accused.
C. Because she had left her credit card in the rm.
D. Because she wanted t make sure what items she had brken.
8．Hw des the wman feel?
A. Excited.B. Annyed.C. Cnfused.D. Relaxed.
9．What shuld the wman d fr the registratin prcess?
A. Wear smething frmal fr the ccasin.
B. Bring the cpies f her exam certificates.
C. Behave casually during the whle prcess.
D. Prepare a smart device fr registratin.
10．What des the man mean?
A. He has learned t use the system by reading the manual.
B. He will teach the wman the new tricks himself.
C. It is nt difficult t learn t use the new system.
D. It is pssible that the rcket prject will be stpped.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
11．Wh des the rganizatin f Law Sciety represent?
A. Native peple.B. Lawyers in Britain.
C. Nn-humans.D. Children in Wales.
12．In which way are the newly-prpsed laws different frm the thers?
A. They fcus n better ways t tackle climate change.
B. They frbid ther creatures t use trees fr fd r shelter.
C. They recgnize the legal rights f the whle natural system.
D. They prtect things humans find interesting like trees and pets.
13．What is the talk mainly abut?
A. Defending native cultures by law.
B. Using laws t prtect nature.
C. Fighting the lss f bidiversity.
D. Using technlgy t prtect the envirnment.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
14．Hw d lists help ur sense f accmplishment and mtivatin?
A. They can make us fcus n the task at hand.
B. They serve as prf f what we have achieved.
C. They prvide us with guidance t accmplish the tasks.
D. They can serve as a means t drwn ut ur anxiety.
15．Which phenmenn des the “Zeigarnik Effect” refer t?
A. We perfrm the tasks n the lists quickly.
B. We tend t frget abut the warm-up tasks.
C. The less anxius we are, the sner we cmplete the tasks.
D. We remember the unfinished tasks better than the finished nes.
16．What des the speaker mainly talk abut?
A. What we include in t-d lists.
B. When we imprve prductivity.
C. Why ur brains lve lists.
D. Hw we cnnect lists with tasks.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
17．What did the wman d last week?
A. She turned in a business prpsal t the cmpany.
B. She infrmed the cmpany f her decisin t quit.
C. She discussed her future plan with the man.
D. She helped the man wrk independently in the new ffice.
18．Where will the wman’s new business be lcated?
A. At the heart f a neighbrhd.
B. Near the entrance t the ld cmpany.
C. At the center f a night market.
D. Nt far frm the MRT statin.
19．Hw is the prgress f starting the business?
A. A place has been rented fr the business.
B. The date has been set t pen the business.
C. Preparatin wrk has been cmpleted.
D. A cntract has been signed with business partners.
20．What will the man prbably d t supprt the wman’s new business?
A. Invest his savings in her drink stand.
B. Treat cwrkers t a drink at her stand.
C. Buy drinks regularly at the stand.
D. Pay full prices fr the discunted drinks.
二、阅读理解
Hming pigens cmbine precise internal cmpasses and memrized landmarks t re-trace a path back t their lfts — even fur years after the previus time they made the trip, a new study shws.
Testing nnhuman memry retentin (保持) is challenging; in research studies, “it’s rare that there is a gap f several years between when an animal stres the infrmatin and when it is next required t retrieve it,” says University f Oxfrd zlgist Dra Bir. Fr a recent study in the Prceedings f the Ryal Sciety B, Bir and her clleagues cmpared dmestic hming pigens’ paths three r fur years after the birds established rutes back t their lft frm a farm 8.6 kilmeters away. The study built n data frm a 2016 experiment in which pigens learned rutes in different scial cntexts during several flights — n their wn r with peers that did r did nt knw the way.
Using data frm GPS devices temprarily attached t the birds’ backs, the researchers cmpared the flight paths a pack f pigens tk in 2019 r 2020, withut the birds visiting the release site in between. Sme birds missed a handful f landmarks alng the way, but many thers tk “strikingly similar” rutes t thse they used in 2016, says Oxfrd zlgist and study c-authr Julien Cllet: “It if the last time they flew there was just the day befre, nt fur years ag.”
The team fund that the pigens remembered a rute just as well if they first flew it alne r with thers and fared much better than thse that had nt made the jurney in 2016.
The result is nt surprising, says Verner Bing-man, wh studies animal navigatin at Bwling Green State University and was nt invlved with the study. But it prvides new cnfirmatin f hming pigens’ remarkable memry, he says: “It clses the distance a little bit between ur self-centered sense f human intellectual abilities and what animals can d.”
21．The underlined wrd “retrieve” is clsest in meaning t ________.
A. reserveB. returnC. recverD. recrd
22．Which f the fllwing cnclusins may be fund in the recent study in the Prceedings f the Ryal Sciety B ?
A. Pigens remember specific rutes hme after years away.
B. Pigens remember rutes better when flying with thers.
C. Pigens can find their way back thugh taking different rutes.
D. Pigens can retrace the path hme thrugh an attached GPS device.
23．Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut the 2016 experiment?
A. Oxfrd zlgist Julien Cllet designed the experiment prcedure.
B. GPS devices were attached permanently t cllect data abut flight rutes.
C. The experiment was designed t eliminate pigens that missed key landmarks.
D. Pigens were made t fly frm the release site t their lfts several times.
24．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. Humans need t adpt a mre rigid apprach t pigens’ memry.
B. Humans are blinded by superirity when it cmes t animal intelligence.
C. Riddles abut animals are t cmplex t be slved in the freseeable future.
D. There have been mixed respnses t the findings abut pigens’ memry.
A-Z OF COACHING
Welcme t Bareft Caching’s A-Z series. We aim t simplify what might therwise be cmplex psychlgical theries and mdels and talk abut them in a way that anybdy can understand. We believe that everybdy benefits frm learning abut and practising caching skills - and it’s catching! Caching spreads int ther areas f ur life and wrk and the psitive effects are felt far beynd just urselves. Each issue we will be fcusing n a different element f caching. Last mnth we explred Happiness, this mnth we will fcus n Intuitin.
‘I’ IS FOR INTUITION
“There is a vice that desn’t use wrds. Listen.” Rumi
If yu have ever fllwed a “hunch”, gne with yur gut, listened t yur inner vice, r felt “I just knw”, then yu have accessed yur intuitin. We dn’t have t reject lgic r intellect t embrace intuitin -gd decisins are ften the result f instinct and intellect wrking tgether. Here are 3 ways t imprve yur intuitin:
● Wild writing. Every day fr a week, sit quietly and write fr 5 minutes withut thinking. Just let the wrds appear n the page. Then ntice what yu learn frm yur untamed thughts.
● Walking withut purpse. G fr a walk (withut yur phne r thers distractins). Take ntice if yu find yur attentin being drawn t any particular sights r sunds. Identify what feelings, thughts r meaning they have fr yu.
● When faced with a decisin, ask yurself “What des my head, heart and gut say?”
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Tune in t hear hw Bareft trained caches are making a difference t the lives f thers.
25．Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut Intuitin?
A. It is a brn skill that can nt be imprved.
B. It enables wise decisins when used prperly.
C. It is cntradictry t the pwer f reasning.
D. It guides us t ntice the little things in ur life.
26．___was mst likely the tpic fr the mnth befre last.
A. Pity.B. Jazz.C. Gratitude.D. Harmny.
27．What can be learned abut the Taster Sessins?
A. Each sessin lasts abut 3 hurs.
B. A passwrd is needed fr bking a sessin.
C. They run at a fixed time every day.
D. They are free t regular members nly.
In memry f Eleanr
— a wman ________
[1] Eleanr Lwenthal — my grandmther — in desperate need f incme t put her husband thrugh graduate schl, walked int the Harvard Museum f Cmparative Zlgy. There, she cnvinced the scientists that she was the perfect persn t munt (安放) and catalg their grwing ant cllectin.
[2] At the time, a prmising graduate student named E.O. Wilsn was cming up in the department. Wilsn, wh passed away in December 2021, was called the “father f bidiversity”. When Eleanr jined the department, researchers were racing t cllect and catalg specimens (标本). As Wilsn shifted research twards smaller, less glamrus species that nnetheless held eclgical significance, he set the stage fr cnservatin bilgy. Behind the scenes, technicians like my grandmther preserved the specimen that furthered Wilsn’s wrk and cntinue t prvide new insights and pprtunities fr researchers acrss the glbe.
[3] At the time, hiring a 21-year-ld wman wh had drpped ut f art schl was a significant gamble. It paid ff. Eleanr’s jb as a technician required the same manual flexibility and crdinatin that art schl had demanded. The jb required her t wrk quickly, yet precisely. Rushing culd risk ruining a rare specimen, but Eleanr culd prcess ants as quickly as Wilsn culd mail them back frm his expeditins t Australia and Papua New Guinea. She smetimes munted as many as 200 a day.
[4]It wasn’t a cincidence that Eleanr fund wrk in entmlgy. Wilsn’s high-prfile research n ants cracked an pening fr wmen in previusly male-dminated field f cnservatin, which was centered arund studying big game in the first half f the 20th century.
[5] Even when wmen’s early wrk has been credited, the language used t describe their cntributins ften minimized their rle in the team, nt mentining them by name. A recently discvered department reprt includes lines such as, “A large amunt f spreading and setting insects was dne by the lady assistant,” and “The cllectin has been remarkably free frm pests… due t the cntinuus care f the lady assistant.”
[6] The department nw functins like a library (specimen can be brrwed fr study r examined n site), and serves as a training center fr the next generatin f scientists wh use the cllectin in ways Wilsn and my grandmther prbably never imagined.
[7] Eleanr didn’t realize the impact f her cntributin at the time — the technician rle was just a jb that paid $38 a week. But she’s cme t appreciate the significance f her wrk n a prject that spans centuries. “Yu can see hw it ges frm ne era t anther,” says Eleanr. “It’s s imprtant t have this library fr peple t make cnnectins and new discveries.”
28．The first tw paragraphs write abut _________.
A. why Eleanr was chsen t be an assistant fr Wilsn
B. what cnvinced Wilsn switch t the study f ants
C. hw Eleanr’s and Wilsn’s career paths crssed
D. when technicians like Eleanr started t get hired
29．Why were the lines in the reprt cited in the fifth paragraph?
A. T prve hw imprtant wmen’s early wrk was.
B. T shw wmen’s rle at the time was nt fully recgnized.
C. T give a vivid descriptin f the nature f wmen’s wrk.
D. T teach the wisdm f writing gd science reprts.
30．What can be learned frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. Tday’s researchers are still enjying the benefits f Eleanr’s wrk.
B. Eleanr is nw wrking as a supervisr in the department.
C. New scientific discveries are the results f cllective wisdm.
D. Nbdy’s wrk is as imprtant as Eleanr’s in the department.
31．Which f the fllwing shuld be filled in the title “In memry f Eleanr — a wman ________”
A. whse struggle mirrred the scial changes in the status f wmen
B. whse wrk wn her fame in the then male-dminated field f cnservatin
C. wh pineered a unique ant management system at the Harvard Museum
D. wh wrked behind the scenes with extrardinary speed, accuracy and artistry
三、完形填空（15空）
Often, we knw what makes us happy... but, despite this, ften we dn’t put the thery int actin. Why d I (the persn wh tells yu that taking breaks 1 stress and makes yu mre efficient) sit at my cmputer eating my lunch? I knw this is unhelpful fr me, s what n earth is ging n? It all started at a time f huge pressure when I was training, and I began eating my lunch at my desk t 2 time. I did it ver and ver again until it became 3 t my brain.
My brain will chse this rute by default (默认情况下), because it is the mst learned behaviur. Smething in my ffice 4 (prbably my stmach rumbling (发咕咕声) will send a signal t my brain that it’s lunchtime, and I will pick up my sandwich and eat it with very little 5 . It is a n-brainer t my brain; it’s just what it des.
Habits dn’t 6 new learning frm the brain; they are stred as a sequence f activities in the brain. The brain adds a rutine f behaviurs tgether s they all happen 7 in sequence when activated by a signal (that rumbling stmach) t get us t a reward (my lunch), which 8 strengthens that learned behaviur. Yur brain uses habits t 9 effrt and save energy, and will default t these behaviurs when signalled. Hw can we build happiness habits int ur lives?
Step 1: What is it that yu want t d
Decide what yu want t 10 as small daily habits. Next, think abut hw and when yu will d this. 11 , cnsider the habits that affect happiness negatively and that yu want t break. Like me, d yu want t 12 eating lunch at yur desk and get utside instead?
Step 2: Be 13 abut yur why
What will yu gain frm this new happiness habit? Why is it imprtant t yu? This helps yu t want t make the effrt t break yur default habits.
Step 3: Be specific
Decide when specifically yu will 14 yur new habit and what yu will d — fr example, “I want t g fr a walk t cnnect with nature at lunchtime.” Start as small as yu can, because this is mre likely t be achievable, repeatable and rewarding — three things we need t happen t shift frm a(n) 15 new behaviur t a habit.
32．A. increasesB. reducesC. suggestsD. excludes
33．A. killB. spendC. saveD. make
34．A. habitualB. cntinualC. relevantD. remte
35．A. cntextB. cuncilC. entryD. frmat
36．A. assistanceB. appreciatinC. appetiteD. awareness
37．A. regulateB. requireC. cmpriseD. cnsume
38．A. subsequentlyB. cllectivelyC. autmaticallyD. individually
39．A. in turnB. in returnC. by farD. by cntrast
40．A. enhanceB. attainC. reverseD. minimize
41．A. buryB. changeC. addD. delete
42．A. GenerallyB. AlternativelyC. EventuallyD. Initially
43．A. enjyB. imagineC. delayD. stp
44．A. crazyB. calmC. clearD. curius
45．A. engage inB. call frC. appeal tD. give up
46．A. hpefulB. hpelessC. effrtfulD. effrtless
四、短文填空
47．Ging Hungry in the Land f the Rich
The United States is ne f the wrld’s wealthiest cuntries. Despite this, many Americans struggle just t put healthy fd, r any fd at all, n the table every day. One might think that a fd shrtage ① _____ (happen) in America, but this is nt the case. There is mre than sufficient fd fr everyne, 40% f ② _____ is unfrtunately, wasted every day. There are many different ways fd③ _____ (waste): farmers nly pick the best-lking crps, deliveries aren’t made n time, supermarkets thrw ut extra prducts, custmers buy mre than they need, and s n. The highest level f wastage tends t happen in the richest cmmunities.
Meanwhile, peple wh live in pr r rural areas ften have little r n access t fd. These areas are called “fd deserts.” They have fewer supermarkets, and the nly fd ptins that they④ _____ affrd are ften unhealthy nes. Healthy fds⑤ _____ fresh fruits and vegetables may be impssible t find. Sadly, 12.8% f the American ppulatin live in fd deserts.
What can we d t help⑥ _____ wh dn’t have enugh fd? Shirley and Annie Zhu came up with a slutin. In 2017, when Hurricane Harvey destryed ver 100,000 hmes in their city, Hustn, the sisters gt invlved.⑦ _____ helping t clear water frm a flded supermarket, they saw a huge amunt f fd being wasted. At the same time, thusands f peple in the city didn’t have enugh⑧ _____ (eat).
The girls set up Fresh Hub with 10 f their classmates,⑨ _____ (hpe) t d smething t help. They created an app which culd be used by residents t find ut⑩ _____ fresh fd was available. Then they cntacted lcal farmers and supermarkets t ask fr their extra fd. T date, Fresh Hub has delivered mre than 15,000 punds f fd t peple in need.
Yur Scial-Media Detxes (脱瘾治疗) Prbably Aren’t Helping Yu
We’ve all heard the suppsed benefits f unplugging frm digital devices, even fr 24 hurs. Such breaks are said t① _____ self-cnfidence, reduce scial cmpetitiveness and fears f missing ut, and make rm fr mre-enriching, in-persn interactins. Yet studies explring thse effects have prduced② _____ results. S a glbal research team set ut t systematically test the idea that scial media detxing delivers meaningful psychlgical ③ _____.
The researchers recruited 600 undergraduate students in three places: the United States, the United Kingdm, and Hng Kng. All participants were randmly④ _____ t keep away frm scial media n either the first r the secnd day f a tw-day experiment. On the ther day, they were t interact with digital platfrms as they⑤ _____ wuld. Each evening they answered survey questins aimed at⑥ _____ varius aspects f well-being. Cntrary t the researchers’ expectatins, the ne-day detx made n nticeable impact n psitive r negative emtins, self-cnfidence, r daily satisfactin. When it did have an effect, it decreased daily satisfactin and scial relatedness, althugh the changes were nt significant nce the analysis was adjusted t cntrl fr gender. Just as ⑦ _____ , peple didn’t use the time freed up frm lking at screens fr ther frms f scializing. In fact, they reprted⑧ _____ lwer levels f face-t-face, phne, and email interactins n their detxing days.
Even shrt scial-media breaks can be hard t⑨ _____ — indeed, nly half the participants in the experiment did what was required and these results suggest that they may nt be wrth the⑩ _____ . “We did nt find any evidence that scial media detxing fr ne day had significant psitive impacts n psychlgical well-being,” the researchers write.
五、书面表达
49．Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Ignring Yur Biggest Regrets
Regrets, peple ften feel, are t be avided. Mistakes may be unavidable, but they shuld be kept t a minimum. And when they d ccur, the best curse f actin is t ignre them as inevitable steps n ur jurney. That seems lgical, at least until yu cnsider that ne f the criteria fr mental illness is an inability t feel regret. As authr Kathryn Schulz argues, “If yu want t be fully functinal, and fully human, and fully humane, I think yu need t learn t live nt withut regret, but with it.” Cunterintuitively, she and ther experts argue feeling regret is essential fr living yur best life. N ne is saying, f curse, that getting trapped in yur past mistakes is a gd idea. But neither is a “n regrets and never lk back” mentality.
Regret frces us t engage in a reflective analysis t understand why we thught r acted the way we did and makes us try things differently in the future. If yu keep telling yurself “n regrets,” then learning isn’t ging t happen. Besides, hiding frm regret desn’t make it hurt less. Actin des. Actin, recent research shws, is the best way t make regret hurt less. S if yu’re trubled by yur failure t travel when yu were yung, science suggests yu cnsciusly plan an adventurus trip nw that yu’re lder and wiser. Upset abut a brken friendship? Act t try t repair it.
Acknwledging ur mistakes, rather than ignring them, reminds us that we are valuable and wrthy despite ur faults. That srt f acceptance is the basis bth f real self-cnfidence and f true kindness. As Schulz sums up in her talk: “Regret desn’t remind us that we did badly. It reminds us we knw we can d better.”
50．Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假设你是美国一所中学的学生Sam，最近你班要召开一次主题为“不让霸凌成为青春的一道疤”的班会。根据主题内容，写一篇发言稿（所给材料可供参考）。
六、翻译题
51．两个小朋友分别得到一盒蜡笔和一本书作为奖励。(reward)（汉译英）
__________________________________________________________________
52．一个人名利心越重，就越不可能脚踏实地做事。（desperate）（汉译英）
__________________________________________________________________
53．他的古画修复水平如此之高，使得那幅尘封已久的画作重现光彩。（such）（汉译英）
__________________________________________________________________
54．许多年过去了，他才渐渐淡忘人生中那尴尬的一幕：在大庭广众之下，他看到血晕倒了。（where）（汉译英）
__________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：
2．答案：D
解析：
3．答案：C
解析：
4．答案：C
解析：
5．答案：B
解析：
6．答案：D
解析：
7．答案：B
解析：
8．答案：B
解析：
9．答案：A
解析：
10．答案：C
解析：
11．答案：B
解析：
12．答案：C
解析：
13．答案：B
解析：
14．答案：B
解析：
15．答案：D
解析：
16．答案：C
解析：
17．答案：B
解析：
18．答案：D
解析：
19．答案：A
解析：
20．答案：C
解析：
21．答案：C
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词上文it's rare that there is a gap f several years between when an animal stres the infrmatin and when it is next required t (从动物存储信息到下一次被要求存储信息之间相隔几年的时间是罕见的)可知,动物储存信息和重新获得或找回信息之间有几年的间隔是很少见的。故划线词意思是"重新获得,恢复"。A.reserve预定;B.return归还;C.recver重新获得,恢复;D.recrd记录。故选C。
22．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The team fund that the pigens remembered a rute just as well if they first flew it alne r with thers and fared much better than thse that had nt made the jurney in 2016.(研究小组发现,如果鸽子第一次单独飞行或与其他鸽子一起飞行,它们对路线的记忆一样好,而且比2016年没有飞行的鸽子表现得好得多)可知,鸽子在离家多年后还记得回家的路线。故选A。
23．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段Fr a recent study in the Prceedings f the Ryal Sciety B, Bir and her clleagues cmpared dmestic hming pigens' paths three r fur years after the birds established rutes back t their lft frm a farm 8.6 kilmeters away.(在最近发表在《英国皇家学会学报B辑》上的一项研究中,比罗和她的同事们比较了国内信鸽从8.6公里外的农场回到鸽舍的路线三到四年后的路径)可知,D选项"鸽子被要求多次从放生地点飞到它们的鸽舍"正确。故选D。
24．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段But it prvides new cnfirmatin f hming pigens' remarkable memry, he says: "It clses the distance a little bit between ur self-centered sense f human intellectual abilities and what animals can d."(但它为信鸽非凡的记忆力提供了新的证据,他说:"它拉近了我们以自我为中心的人类智力能力与动物能力之间的距离。")可知,在动物智力方面,人类被优越感蒙蔽了双眼。故选B。
25．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据IIS FOR INTUITION中We dn't have t reject lgic r intellect t embrace intuitin -gd decisins are ften the result f instinct and intellect wrking tgether.(我们不必拒绝逻辑或智力来接受直觉一好的决定往往是本能和智力共同作用的结果。)可知,直觉如果使用得当,它可以做出明智的决定。故选B项。
26．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中Each issue we will be fcusing n a different element f caching. Last mnth we explred Happiness, this mnth we will fcus n Intuitin.(毎期我们都会关注不同的辅导元素。上个月我们探讨了幸福,这个月我们将关注直觉。)以及上完A-Z系列可知,这次是1开头的单词,上次为H开头的单词,在上次应该是G开始的单词,结合选项可知,Gratitude(感激)是上个月最有可能的话题。故选C项。
27．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据JOIN A FREE TASTER SESSON中Sessins run n a weekly basis frm 10:00-13:00.(课程每周从10:00-13:00开始。)可知,每节课持续约3小时。故选A项。
28．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中Eleanr Lwenthal—my grandmther— in desperate need f incme t put her husband thrugh graduate schl, walked int the Harvard Museum f Cmparative Zlgy. There, she cnvinced the scientists that she was the perfect persn t munt (安放) and catalg their grwing ant cllectin.(我的祖母Eleanr Lwenthal急需收入供丈夫读完研究生,她走进了哈佛比较动物学博物馆。在那里,她说服了科学家们,她是他们不断增长的蚂蚁收集和编目的完美人选。)和第二段中At the time, a prmising graduate student named E.O. Wilsn was cming up in the department. Wilsn, wh passed away in December 2021, was called the “father f bidiversity. When Eleanr jined the department, researchers were racing t cllect and catalg specimens(标本).(当时,系里来了一个很有前途的研究生,名叫E.O. Wilsn。Wilsn于2021年12月去世,被称为“生物多样性之父”。当Eleanr加入该部门时,研究人员正在竞相收集和分类标本。)可知,前两段介绍了Eleanr进入哈佛比较动物学博物馆从事蚂蚁的收集和标本分类工作,同期Wilsn进入该系进行相关研究,两人产生了交集。所以前两段主要写的是Eleanr和Wilsn的职业道路是如何重叠的。故选C项。
29．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中Even when wmen's early wrk has been credited, the language used t describe their cntributins ften minimized their rle in the team, nt mentining them by name. A recently discvered department reprt includes lines such as, A large amunt f spreading and setting insects was dne by the lady assistant, and The cllectin has been remarkably free frm pests... due t the cntinuus care f the lady assistant.(即使女性的早期工作得到了肯定,用来描述她们的贡献的语言通常也会低估她们在团队中的作用,而不是提到她们的名字。最近发现的一份部门报告中包括这样的语句:大量的昆虫传播和产卵是由这位女助理完成的,以及由于这位女助理的持续照顾,这些收藏品出乎意料地免于害虫。)可知,早期女性在工作中的贡献不能得到完全的肯定,段中引用报告中的句子大量的昆虫传播和产卵是由这位女助理完成的和由于这位女助理的持续照顾,这些收藏品出乎意料地免于害虫。是为了证明这一点。故选B项。
30．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中The department nw functins like a library (specimen can be brrwed fr study r examined n site), and serves as a training center fr the next generatin f scientists wh use the cllectin in ways Wilsn and my grandmther prbably never imagined.(该部门现在的功能就像一个图书馆(标本可以借来研究或在现场仔细检查),并作为下一代科学家的培训中心,他们以Wilsn和我祖母可能从未想象过的方式使用这些标本。)和第七段中Eleanr didn't realize the impact f her cntributin at the time - the technician rle was just a jb that paid 538 a week. But she's cme t appreciate the significance f her wrk n a prject that spans centuries.(Eleanr当时并没有意识到她的贡献的影响技术人员一职只是一份周薪38美元的工作。但她已经开始意识到她在一个跨越几个世纪的项目中工作的重要性。)”可知,今天的研究人员仍在享用Eleanr的成果。故选A项。
31．答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文,结合第二段中Behind the scenes, technicians like my grandmther preserved the specimen that furthered Wilsn's wrk and cntinue t prvide new insights and pprtunities fr researchers acrss the glbe.(在幕后,像我祖母这样的技术人员保存了标本,进一步推动了威尔逊的工作,并继续为全球的研究人员提供新的见解和机会。)和第三段中Eleanr's jb as a technician required the same manual flexibility and crdinatin that art schl had demanded. The jb required her t wrk quickly, yet precisely.(Eleanr的工作是一名技术人员,需要艺术学校所要求的手工灵活性和协调性。这项工作要求她工作迅速而精确。)可知,文章介绍了Eleanr默默地在比较动物学领域从事着幕后工作,她的灵活、精确和迅速让她取得了成功。所以用In memry f Eleanr— a wman wh wrked behind the scenes with extrardinary speed, accuracy and artistry(为了纪念Eleanr一个在幕后以非凡的速度、准确性和艺术性工作的女人)作标题。故选D项。
32．答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.increases增加;B.reduces减少;C.suggests建议;D.excludes排除,不包括。句意:为什么我(那个告诉你休息可以减轻压力、提高效率的人)要坐在电脑前吃午饭?根据常识和上文的"taking breaks"可知,休息应该是可以"减少"压力。故选B项。
33．答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.kill杀死;B.spend花费;C.save节省;D.make制造。句意:这一切都始于我训练时的巨大压力,为了节省时间,我开始在办公桌上吃午餐。根据上文中的"and I began eating my lunch at my desk"可知,作者在办公桌旁吃饭应是为了"节省"时间,符合语境。故选C项。
34．答案：A
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.habitual习惯性的;B.cntinual频繁的;C.relevant有关的;D.remte偏远的。句意:我一遍又一遍地做,直到它成为我的大脑习惯。根据上文中的"I did it ver and ver again"可知,作者一遍一遍地去做,由此可知,反复去做一件事情会形成"习惯"符合语境。故选A项。
35．答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.cntext背景,语境;B.cuncil委员会; C.entry进入;D.frmat格式。句意:在我的办公室环境中(可能是我的胃咕咕叫)会向我的大脑发送一个信号,告诉我午餐时间到了,我会拿起我的三明治,毫无意识地吃掉它。根据下文中的"prbably my stmach rumbling"可知,肚子发出咕咕叫应是一种"情景"。故选A项。
36．答案：D
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.assistance援助;B.appreciatin感激,欣赏;C.appetite胃口;D.awareness意识。句意:在我的办公室环境中(可能是我的胃咕咕叫)会向我的大脑发送一个信号,告诉我午餐时间到了,我会拿起我的三明治,毫无意识地吃掉它。根据下文中的"It is a n-brainer tmy brain; it's just what it des."可知,这对我来说是轻而易举的事,由此可知,此处指的是作者无"意识"地吃掉三明治。故选D项。
37．答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.regulate管理;B.require需求;C.cmprise构成;D.cnsume消耗。句意:习惯不需要从大脑中学习新的东西;它们以一系列活动的形式储存在大脑中。根据下文中的"they are stred as a sequence f activities in thebrain."可知,习惯是一系列活动储存在大脑中,由此可知,此处指的是习惯不"需要"大脑学习新东西。故选B项。
38．答案：C
解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.subsequently随后;B.cllectively集体地;C.autmatically自动地;D.individually单独地。句意:大脑将一系列常规行为加在一起,这样当一个信号(咕噜咕噜的肚子)激活我们获得奖励(我的午餐)时,它们就会自动按顺序发生,这反过来又加强了习得的行为。根据上文中的"My brain will chse this rute by default(默认情况下), because it is the mst learnedbehaviur."以及"The brain adds a rutine fbehaviurs tgether"可知,大脑会默认选择这条路线,大脑将一系列常规行为加在一起,由此可知,只要信号发出,它就会"自动地"按顺序发生。故选C项。
39．答案：A
解析：考查介词短语及语境理解。A.in turn反而;B.in return作为回报;C.by far大大地;D.by cntrast相比之下。句意:大脑将一系列常规行为加在一起,这样当一个信号(咕噜咕噜的肚子)激活我们获得奖励(我的午餐)时,它们就会自动按顺序发生,这反过来又加强了习得的行为。根据常识以及上文中的"The brain adds a rutine f behavir stgether s they all happen ___ in sequence when activated by a signal (that rumbling stmach) t get us t a reward (my lunch)"可知,信号激活奖励时,它们就会自动按顺序发生,结合下文"strengthens that learned behaviur."可知,这种行为"反过来"又加强了习得的行为。故选A项。
40．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.enhance提高;B.attain获得;C.reverse颠倒,彻底转变;D.minimize降低,减少。句意:你的大脑使用习惯来减少努力和节省能量,并且在收到信号时会默认这些行为。根据下文中的"and save energy"可知,大脑会用习惯节省能量,与空处为并列关系,所以此空应表示"减少"符合语境。故选D项。
41．答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.bury埋葬;B.change改变;C.add添加;D.delete删除。句意:决定你想要增加哪些日常小习惯。根据在上文中的"The brain adds a rutine f behaviurs tgether s they all happen ___ in sequence when activated by a signal (that rumbling stmach) t get us t a reward (my lunch)"可知,大脑会把这些行为加起来,在发出信号时会做出相应的行为,由此可知,要形成快乐的习惯就需要决定想要"添加"那些日常习惯。要故选C项。
42．答案：B
解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.Generally一般,通常;B.Alternatively要不,或者;C.Eventually最终;D.Initially最初。句意:或者,考虑一下那些对幸福有负面影响的习惯,你想要改掉这些习惯。根据上文中的"Next, think abut hw and when yu will d this."以及下文中的"cnsider the habits that affect happiness negatively and that yu want t break."可知,两者之间为选择关系,所以此处应使用"或者"符合逻辑。故选B项。
43．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.enjy享受;B.imagine想象;C.delay推迟;D.stp停止。句意:和我一样,你也想停止在办公桌前吃午餐,到户外去吃吗?根据下文中的"and get utside instead?"可知,取而代之的是去户外吃饭,所以此处指的是"停止"在办公桌前吃饭,符合语境。故选D项。
44．答案：C
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.crazy疯狂的;B.calm冷静的;C.clear清楚的;D.curius好奇的。句意:第二步:明确你的原因。根据下文中的"What will yu gain frm this new happiness habit? Why is it imprtant t yu?"可知,要知道会从这个新的快乐习惯中获得什么,为什么这很重要,由此可知,此处指的是要"清楚"自己为什么这样做。故选C项。
45．答案：A
解析：考查动词短语及语境理解。A.engage in参与,从事;B.call fr需要;C.appeal t呼吁;D.give up放弃。句意:决定好你要从事新习惯的具体时间和你要做的事情一一例如,“我想在午餐时间去散散步,亲近大自然。”根据上文中的"Hw can we build happiness habits int ur lives?"和下文中的"yur new habit"可知,此处讲述的是如何在生活中养成快乐的习惯,所以此处应为"从事,养成"新习惯,符合语境。故选A项。
46．答案：C
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.hpeful充满希望的;B.hpeless无望的;C.effrtfu|需要努力的;D.effrtless不需费力的。句意:尽可能从小事做起,因为这样做更容易实现,更容易重复,更有回报-一这三件事是我们从一种努力的新行为转变为习惯所需要的。根据常识和下文中的"new behaviurt a habit."可知,养成新的习惯不是简单的事情,需要的是”努力的“行为。故选C项。
47．答案：is happening；which；is wasted；can ；such as；thse；While/When；t eat；hping；whether/if/what/where
解析：①考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:有人可能会认为美国正在发生食物短缺,但事实并非如此。happen是宾语从句谓语动词,表示”现在正在发生"的事情,用现在进行时,从句主语a fd shrtage, be动词为is。故填is happening。
②考查非限制性定语从句。句意:每个人都有足够的食物,不幸的是,每天有40%的食物被浪费。此处是"介词+关系代词"引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词fd指物,关系词替代先行词在从句中作介词f的宾语,用关系代词which。故填which。
③考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:食物浪费的方式有很多:农民只挑选最好看的作物,没有按时送货,超市扔掉多余的产品,顾客买的比他们需要的多,等等。此处为限制性定语从句谓语动词的填入,从句主语fd和从句谓语动词waste为被动关系,结合该句句意可知,应为陈述客观事实,所以为一般现在时,从句主语不可数名词,be动词为is。故填is wasted。
④考查情态动词。句意:他们的超市更少,他们唯一能负担得起的食物选择往往是不健康的。根据句意和语法,此处需要使用情态动词can,表示"能够",强调穷人和农村地区经常无法支付健康食品的价格。故填can。
⑤考查介词短语。句意:像新鲜水果和蔬菜这样的健康食品可能是不可能找到的。此处需要使用介词短语"such as"表示"例如",用来列举健康食品的例子。故填such as。
⑥考查代词。句意:我们能做些什么来帮助那些没有足够食物的人呢?此处应为代词thse表示"那些"没有足够食物的人,为限制性定语从句wh dn't have enugh fd的先行词。故填thse。
⑦考查时间状语从句。句意:在帮助清理被洪水淹没的超市的水时,他们看到了大量被浪费的食物。此处需要使用时间状语从句省略句的连词,表示"当的时候",可用连词while或when引导,句首单词首字母大写。故填While/When。
⑧考查动词不定式。句意:与此同时,城市里成千上万的人没有足够的食物。have enugh t eat"有足够吃的东西",此处动词不定式作后置定语,表示"吃的东西"。故填t eat。
⑨考查现在分词。句意:女孩们和她们的10个同学一起建立了Fresh Hub,希望能做点什么来帮助别人。hpe和逻辑主语The girls为主动关系,所以为现在分词形式作状语。故填hping。
⑩考查宾语从句。句意:他们开发了一个应用程序,居民可以用它来查找是否有新鲜食物/居民可以使用它来了解有什么新鲜食物/居民可以使用它来了解哪里有新鲜食物。引导宾语从句,该空表示"是否",用whether/if引导宾语从句;也可用连接代词what作定语,修饰名词短语fresh fd,表示"什么新鲜食物";还可用连接副词where在从句中作地点状语,表"哪里"。故填whether/if/what/where。
48．答案：BHDKAEIFCG
解析：①考查不定式。句意:据说这样的休息可以增强自信,减少社会竞争力和对错过的恐惧,并为更丰富的面对面互动腾出空间。由前面unplugging frm digital devices和空后self-cnfidence, reduce scial cmpetitiveness and fears f missing ut, and make rm fr mre-enriching, in-persn interactins可知,此处表示"这样的休息可以增强自信",空格处意为"增强",是动词bst, be said t d sth.意为"据说某人做某事",因此空格处动词用原形,故选B。
②考查形容词。句意:然而,探索这些影响的研究产生了不同的结果。由Yet可知,yet表转折,此处表示"然而,探索这些影响的研究产生了不同的结果",也就是结果是好坏都有,是混合的,空格处意为"混合的",是形容词mixed,故选H。
③考査名词。句意:因此,一个全球研究团队开始系统地测试社交媒体脱瘾能带来有意义的心理收益这一观点。由文章最后一句的We did nt find any evidence that scial media detxing fr ne day had significant psitive impacts n psychlgical well-being(我们没有发现任何证据表明社交媒体脱瘾一天对心理健康有显著的积极影响)可知,句子表示"一个全球研究团队开始系统地测试社交媒体脱瘾能带来有意义的心理收益这一观点",空格处意为"收益",是名词gain,有很多受益,所以空格处用复数。故选D。
④考査被动语态。句意:在为期两天的实验中,所有参与者被随机分配在第一天或第二天远离社交媒体。由下文keep away frm scial media n either the first r the secnd day f a tw-day experiment可知,句子表示"所有参与者被随机分配在第一天或第二天远离社交媒体",空格处意为"分配",是动词assign,他们被分配,因此用被动语态,空前有were,空格处用过去分词,故选K。
⑤考查副词。句意:另一天,他们将像往常一样与数字平台互动。由上文On the ther day, they were t interact with digital platfrms可知,句子表示"另一天,他们将像往常一样与数字平台互动",空格处意为"通常",是副词nrmally,故选A。
⑥考查动名词。句意:每天晚上,他们都要回答旨在评估幸福感各个方面的调查问题。由上文survey questins和下文varius aspects f well-being可知,句子表示"每天晚上,他们都要回答旨在评估幸福感各个方面的调查问题",空格处意为"评估",是动词assess, at是介词,其后跟动名词作宾语,故选E。
⑦考査形容词。句意:同样令人惊讶的是,人们并没有把从看屏幕中解放出来的时间用于其他形式的社交。由下文peple didn't use the time freed up frm lking at screens fr ther frms f scializing可知,句子表示"同样令人惊讶的是,人们并没有把从看屏幕中解放出来的时间用于其他形式的社交",空格处意为"令人惊讶的",是形容词surprising,故选I。
⑧考查副词。句意:事实上,他们报告说,在脱瘾的日子里,面对面、电话和电子邮件的互动程度要低得多。由下文lwer levels f face-t-face, phne, and email interactins n their detxing days可知,句子表示"他们报告说,在脱瘾的日子里,面对面、电话和电子邮件的互动程度要低得多",空格处意为"大量地",是副词substantially,作状语修饰形容词lwer,故选F。
⑨考査不定式。句意:即使是短暂的社交媒体休息也很难维持事实上,实验中只有一半的参与者按照要求做了,这些结果表明,他们可能不值得付出努力。由下文nly half the participants in the experiment did what was required可知,句子表示"即使是短暂的社交媒体休息也很难维持",空格处意为"维持",是动词sustain, sth, be hard t d意为"某物很难做",因此空格处是原形,故选C。
⑩考查名词。句意:即使是短暂的社交媒体休息也很难维持事实上,实验中只有一半的参与者按照要求做了,这些结果表明,他们可能不值得付出努力。由上文nly half the participants in the experiment did what was required可知,句子表示"这些结果表明,他们可能不值得付出努力",空格处意为"努力",是名词effrt,要用复数,故选G。
49．答案：Reference 01
Cntrary t ppular belief that regrets shuld be ignred, Authr Schulz pints ut that feeling regret is crucial fr a happy life. Regret makes us reflect upn past actin, making learning pssible. Besides, actin rather than hiding frm regrets makes us feel less pain(ful). T sum up, regret is a reminder telling us that we can be better.
Reference 02
The article argues that regret, althugh ften avided, is an essential part f living a fulfilling life. Ignring mistakes and regrets prevents learning, grwth, and self-imprvement, whereas acknwledging and reflecting n past regrets can lead t persnal develpment. Instead f aviding regret, it is suggested that individuals shuld take actin t remedy their past mistakes and wrk twards a better future. Ultimately, regret is a reminder f ur ptential fr imprvement and self-grwth.
解析：
50．答案：Ladies and gentlemen,
Gd mrning. I am Sam, a student at a high schl in the United States. Tday, I wuld like t address the imprtant issue f bullying in ur schl cmmunity. Accrding t recent data, apprximately 20% f students aged 12-18 have experienced bullying natinwide. This is a cncerning statistic that affects many yung individuals in ur sciety.
The victims f bullying have shared their thughts n why they believed they were targeted. Firstly, 56% f victims believed that the bullies had the ability t influence ther students' perceptin f them. This highlights the pwer bullies hld in shaping hw thers view their peers.Secndly, 40% f victims mentined that bullies were physically strnger r larger. This underscres the unfair advantage sme bullies have in these situatins. It is disheartening t see that physical strength is used as a means t intimidate and harm thers.Lastly, 31% f victims felt that bullies had mre mney. This suggests that sme bullies may use their financial status t exert pwer and cntrl ver their peers. It is crucial t remember that wealth shuld never be a justificatin fr mistreating thers.
We must stand united against bullying and create a supprtive and inclusive envirnment where kindness, empathy, and respect prevail. If we witness any frm f bullying, it is ur respnsibility t speak up and supprt the victim. We shuld als reprt the incident t a trusted adult wh can take apprpriate actin.
Tgether, we can ensure that bullying des nt leave scars n ur yuth. Let us wrk twards a future where every student feels safe, accepted, and valued.
Thank yu fr yur attentin.
解析：
51．答案：The tw kids were rewarded with a bx f crayns and a bk respectively. /Or: The tw kids were given a bx f crayns and a bk respectively as a reward.
解析：分析句子可知,这里时态应用一般过去时,表示"两个小朋友分别得到一盒蜡笔和一本书作为奖励"可翻译为The tw kids were rewarded with a bx f crayns and a bk respectively,其中be rewarded with表"得到……的奖赏",为固定搭配,respectively表"分别地",在本句中作状语;表示"两个小朋友分别得到一盒蜡笔和一本书作为奖励"也可翻译为The tw kids were given a bx f crayns and a bk respectively as a reward,其中as a reward表"作为奖励",为介词短语,在本句中作状语。
52．答案：The mre desperate a persn is fr fame and wealth, the less likely he will d things in a dwn-t-earth/practical manner.
解析："越,就越"用固定结构the +比较级,the+比较级;"一个人"翻译为a persn;"名利"用短语fame and wealth;"名利心重"可以用短语bedesperate fr表示;"脚踏实地"翻译为in a dwn-t-earth/practical manner。陈述客观事实,用一般现在时。
53．答案：His skill f restring the ancient paintings has reached such a level that he has made the ne cvered under the dust fr a lng time/the lng buried ne regain/ return t its frmer glry./His skill f restring the ancient paintings has reached such a level that he has restred the ne cvered under the dust fr a lng time t its frmer glamur.
解析：根据句意以及句子的提示词可知,表示"他修复古画的技巧"应为名词短语His skill f restring the ancient paintings;表示"达到"为动词reach;后接引导的结果状语从句,表示"水平"为名词level;在从句中,表示"使得"为动词make,表示"那幅尘封已久的画作"可译为the ne cvered under the dust fr a lng time,表示"回到,重回"应为动词短语return t或 表示"昔日的辉煌"应为名词短语its frmer glry/its frmer glamur。结合句意可知,该句主句应为现在完成时,从句为一般过去时。
54．答案：Years had passed befre he gradually frgt that embarrassing episde in his life where he fainted at the sight f bld in public/befre a big crwd.
It was many years befre he gradually frgt that embarrassing episde in his life where he fainted at the sight f bld in public/befre a big crwd
解析：考查固定短语和时态。表示"许多年过去了"可翻译为Years had passed befre或It was many years befre;从句主语为he,表示"渐渐淡忘人生中那尴尬的一幕"翻译为gradually frgt that embarrassing episde in his life,后跟where引导的定语从句,表示"在大庭广众之下"翻译为in public或befre a big crwd;表示"他看到血晕倒了"翻译为he fainted at the sight f bld或at the sight f bld,为一般过去时。
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48．A. nrmally B. bst C. sustain D. gains E. assessing F. substantially
G. effrts H. mixed I. surprising J. anticipate K. assigned
Here are the natinal statistics abut bullying in the USA
Abut 20% f students aged 12-18 experienced bullying natinwide.
Students aged 12-18 wh reprted bullied said they thught thse wh bullied them:
—had the ability t influence ther students’ perceptin f them (56%).
— were physically strnger r larger (40%).
—had mre mney (31%).
Wrd bx:bully v/n 恐吓；伤害；/ 恃强凌弱者