重庆市巴蜀中学校2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

这是一份重庆市巴蜀中学校2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书信写作，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Pst f Executive Directr f the AEC Cmmittee
Asia Ecnmic Cperatin (AEC), with 21 Member Ecnmies, is a unique cperative ecnmic frum that has been successful in prmting reginal ecnmic grwth thrugh trade and investment liberalizatin, and capacity building since its fundatin in 1989. It has achieved this thrugh pen dialgue, trust building and vluntary cmmitments.
The AEC Cmmittee, based in Singapre, fulfils an imprtant rle is supprting the AEC prcess, including plicy, technical and cmmunicatins services t an extensive range f sharehlders.
AEC is lking fr a dynamic Executive Directr fr a 3-year term (with the ptin fr a 1-3year extensin) t lead the Cmmittee frm January 2025.
The successful candidate shuld be frm an AEC Member Ecnmy and must pssess strng leadership qualities, public sectr experience, senir management experience, and rganizatinal develpment experience, high plitical sensitivity and multilateral wrk experience, preferably in trade r ecnmic related areas. The candidate shuld als have managed multi-cultural wrk envirnment. The candidate must indicate hw their experience and qualificatins match thse required.
Extensive travel is expected.
Mre infrmatin n AEC can be fund at ur website www. aec. rg. Applicatins shuld reach us n later than 15 July 2024 via e-mail hr-recruit@aec. rg r mailed t the Human Resurce Directr, AEC Cmmittee, 35 Heng Mui Keng Terrace, Singapre119616.
Yur applicatin must indicate hw yur experience and qualificatins match thse required.
Only shrtlisted candidates will be ntified.
1．What d we knw abut the The AEC Cmmittee?
A．It is based in Singapre.B．It leads the AEC prcess.
C．It deals with plitical issues.D．It has 21 Member Ecnmies.
2．What is required f a qualified candidate?
A．Strng plitical backgrund.B．High-level leadership expertise.
C．Advanced multi-linguistic skills.D．Sharp envirnmental awareness.
3．In which sectin f a magazine may this text appear?
A．Cver Stry.B．News Updates.
C．Career Opprtunities.D．Vlunteering Infrmatin.
Amy was a dear little girl, but she ften tended t waste time in getting ready t d her tasks, instead f ding them at nce as she ught t.
In the village in which she lived, Mr. Thrntn kept a stre where he sld fruit f all kinds, including berries in their seasn. One day he said t Amy, whse parents were quite pr, “Wuld yu like t earn sme mney? ”
“Oh, yes,” replied she, “fr I want sme new shes, and papa has n mney t buy them with. ”
“Well, Amy,” said Mr. Thrntn, “I nticed sme fine, ripe blackberries in Mr. Green’s field tday, and he said that anybdy was welcme t them. I will pay yu thirteen cents a quart (度量单位) fr all yu will pick fr me”
Amy was delighted at the thught f earning sme mney; s she ran hme t get a basket, intending t g immediately t pick the berries.
Then she thught she wuld like t knw hw much mney she wuld get if she picked five quarts. With the help f her slate (书写板) and pencil, she fund ut that she wuld get sixty-five cents.
“But suppsing I shuld pick a dzen quarts,” thught she, “hw much shuld I earn then?” “Dear me!” she said, after figuring a while, “I shuld earn a dllar and fifty-six cents.”
Amy then fund ut what Mr. Thrntn wuld pay her fr fifty, a hundred, and tw hundred quarts. It tk her sme time t d this, and then it was s near dinner time that she had t stay at hme until afternn.
As sn as dinner was ver, she tk her basket and hurried t the field. Sme bys had been there befre dinner, and all the ripe berries were picked. She culd nt find enugh t fill a quart measure.
4．Why did Mr. Thrntn invite Amy t pick berries?
A．T help her buy new shes.B．T help her make sme mney.
C．T help her get rid f bad habits.D．T help her enter the fruit business.
5．What shuld Amy d if she wanted t earn the mney?
A．Calculate hw much she earned.B．Make use f her slate and pencil.
C．Ask fr permissin frm her parents.D．Get a basket and pick berries quickly.
6．Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe the character f Amy?
A．Cnsiderate and smart.B．Reasnable and realistic.
C．Idealistic and impractical.D．Unselfish and independent.
7．Which ne can be the best title f the stry?
A．Lst Blackberries.B．A Girl Picking Berries.
C．Hw Much Amy Can Earn.D．The Mney Amy Didn’t Earn.
In an attempt t explre unknwn envirnments, a Chinese team created an ctpus (章鱼) — inspired flexible rbtic arm capable f sensing and cntrlling bjects in limited spaces and underwater.
Accrding t the study published in the latest editin f Science Rbtics, the rbt allwed blindflded human peratrs t guide its arm, using suckers (吸盘) t pick up varius bjects, including a ty shark and a smth metal ball, via a single-finger glve.
This new inventin created by a team f researchers, led by Wen Li frm Beihang University was inspired by the ctpus, which mves its sft arms t catch its games with sensitive suckers.
A simple strategy like this can be used as a mdel fr rbtic grasping, cntrllable with a few inputs, as well as a highly defrmable arm with sensing capabilities.
Wen’s team fixed electrnics and circuits int the rbts while maintaining their defrmability. The researchers presented a stretchable electrnics-integrated sft ctpus arm with 16 air-driven devices and multiple degrees f freedm.
The rbt's stretchable, liquid-metal-based electrnic circuit can stand super stretching frce t perfrm tasks autnmusly in a limited envirnment, findings frm the study shwed.
The sft arm with tw rws f sensry sucking cups that cnnect with the wearer's finger can perfrm a reaching-grasping-returning mtin acrss a range f up t 1.5 times its riginal arm length, similar t the bilgical cunterpart (对应方), the study revealed.
“This rbtic mdel prvides new prspects and develpment ideas fr the future interactive applicatins f flexible rbts, including medical rbts, seabed explratin rbts, and s n” said the expert.
8．What inspired the inventin f the rbtic arm accrding t the passage?
A．The limited spaces underwater.
B．The special bilgical structure f the ctpus.
C．The desire t explre the living envirnment f ctpus.
D．The team wrk f the researchers frm Beihang University.
9．What's the meaning f the underlined wrd “defrmable” in paragraph 4?
A．Pwerful.B．Changeable.C．Steady.D．Active.
10．Which device is integrated int the rbt?
A．Plastic circuits.B．Suckers f ctpuses.
C．Electrnic sensrs.D．Arms f ctpuses.
11．What d the experts imply in the last paragraph?
A．Octpus is a very magic underwater creature.
B．Creativity plays a very imprtant part in science.
C．The unknwn wrld ffers pssibility fr innvatin.
D．One inventin can bring abut a chain reactin f breakthrughs.
Sme sngs might speak t yur sul even if yu dn't knw the wrds. The almst magical way that music reflects and influences ur emtins led American pet Henry Wadswrth Lngfellw t declare it the “universal language f mankind”. But hw universal is it really?
A team f mre than a dzen researchers and cuntless undergraduates set ut t cllect and interpret descriptins and recrdings f musical perfrmances arund the wrld. Their first finding: Music is indeed universal. Or at least statistical mdeling strngly suggests that mre than 99% f scieties have music. Then, they analyzed the sng descriptins fr sixty very different scieties and lked at different qualities related t sng perfrmance.
As they classified the sngs, they fund that three dimensins (方面) accunted fr mre than a quarter f the variability between sngs. The first was hw frmal r infrmal a sng was. Sngs high in frmality had large audiences and lts f instruments, ften invlved ceremnial events, and frequently had adult-nly audiences. Infrmal events had smaller audiences, including children, r n audience at all. The secnd was hw arusing a sng was t its listeners. Lively events invlving lts f dancing were high n this dimensin, while a lw value reflected a calmer event, like smene singing t themselves r a baby. The last was hw religius sng was. Sngs used in ceremnies were high in religisity, while thse withut a spiritual cntext scred lw.
The researchers applied their findings t fur widespread categries f music: lullabies (摇篮), dance sngs, lve sngs and healing sngs, and fund clear trend. Mst dance was highly arusing and frmal, but lw in religisity. Lullabies were mstly lw in frmality and lw in arusal. And healing sngs scred high in all dimensins while lve sngs were lw in all dimensins. Even mre interesting, the distributin f these behavirs was similar in all scieties studied.
Schlars say that their database culd fuel future research int even mre inspiring questins abut music universals. And their methd might be used t pick ut patterns in ther hard-t-analyze fields, like strytelling r visual art.
12．Hw was the research cnducted?
A．By making cmparisn and cntrast.B．By finding similarities.
C．By cllecting and analyzing data.D．By illustrating examples.
13．Which kind f music may invlve the mst audiences and instruments?
A．Lullabies.B．Dance sngs.C．Lve sngs.D．Healing sngs.
14．Hw is the future f their research findings accrding t the schlars?
A．Prmising.B．Unpredictable.C．Impractical.D．Limited.
15．What can be cncluded frm the passage?
A．Sngs can speak t yur sul nly if yu knw their wrds.
B．Differences in frmality lead t the variability between sngs.
C．Music is classified by the number f audience and instruments.
D．Research n the universals f music can help explre ther fields.
Hw t pick the best place fr a much-needed refreshment? If yu’re like mst peple, a simple clue is likely t vary yur chice. Yu will lk fr the busiest restaurant with the mst diners because its ppularity is bund t reflect n the quality f fd and service. 16
Early diners with n meaningful clues as t which restaurant t chse may have picked their evening eatery at randm, fr example selecting the place with the nicest name r the smiliest waiter. The fllwing passers-by may have misinterpreted their restaurant chice as a well-infrmed decisin and blindly fllwed their example. 17 Ever-increasing numbers f custmers were attracted t the restaurant in questin, which culd have led t a bad dinner chice in an vercrwded restaurant.
Vluntarily cpying ther peple’s thughts r chices r simply ging with the crwd is ften referred t as “herd behaviur.” It is a frequent ccurrence amngst humans as well as many ther animals, a cmmn example being sheep. 18
In an earlier article, I discussed the s-called “wisdm f crwds”, which suggests that average judgements f large grups f peple ften utperfrm individual chices. Furthermre, fllwing the crwd appears t ffer prtectin and cmfrt. 19 Finally, fllwing the herd reduces the effrt needed t make a persnal r unique decisin.
20 Cntrary t the s-called “wisdm f crwds”, herd behaviurs typically rely n s-called “infrmatin cascades (瀑布)”, where peple take n thers’ beliefs r cpy their chices withut critically appraising the underlying reasns. This frequently leads t the imitatin f unreasnable r simply stupid behaviurs.
A．But is this true?
B．It is therefre an easy ptin.
C．After all, there’s “safety in numbers”.
D．Herding can appear t make a lt f sense.
E．This culd have resulted in a snw-balling effect.
F．Herd behaviurs, while easy t explain, hld significant dangers.
G．The number f diners is unlikely t indicate the quality f the meal.
二、完形填空
At 33, I did smething brave, r sme wuld say stupid. I 21 Cngress (国会). Fr years, I had existed safely 22 the scenes in plitics as an rganizer, but in my heart, I always wanted t run. The plls (投票), hwever, tld a very 23 stry. I nly gt 19 percent f the vte. Despite the result, this was the first time in my entire life that I had dne smething that was truly brave, where I didn’t wrry abut being 24 .
In 2012, I started a cmpany t teach girls t cde. We immediately see ur girls’ 25 f nt being perfect. When the girls are first learning hw t cde, she’ll say, “I dn’t knw what 26 t write.” and shws a 27 text editr. But if the teacher presses und a few times, she’ll see her student wrte cde and then 28 it. Instead f shwing the 29 that she made, she’d rather shw nthing at all.
Sme peple wrry abut ur budget deficit (赤字), but I wrry abut ur 30 deficit. Mst girls are raised t 31 risk and failure. This is 32 wmen are underrepresented in STEM, in Cngress, and pretty much everywhere yu lk. We have t scialize ur girls t be cmfrtable with 33 , and we’ve gt t d it nw. We have t teach them t be brave in schls and early in their careers, when it has the mst ptential t 34 their lives, and we have t shw them that they will be lved and 35 nt fr being perfect but fr being curageus.
21．A．ran frB．lied tC．vted againstD．traded with
22．A．nB．ffC．insideD．behind
23．A．classicB．simpleC．differentD．cmplex
24．A．riskyB．perfectC．stupidD．beautiful
25．A．fearB．effrtC．trubleD．struggle
26．A．cdeB．answerC．deficitD．character
27．A．randmB．blankC．markedD．brken
28．A．usedB．savedC．crackedD．deleted
29．A．messB．successC．prgressD．difference
30．A．hnestyB．braveryC．genersityD．determinatin
31．A．faceB．avidC．admitD．expect
32．A．whyB．hwC．whenD．where
33．A．dubtB．dangerC．uncertaintyD．imperfectin
34．A．earnB．riskC．impactD．enjy
35．A．inspiredB．acceptedC．tleratedD．prtected
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Celebrity giant panda He Ye, wh 36 (believe) t be male after it was brn in July 2020, is in fact female, accrding t a recent pst frm the Chengdu Research Base f Giant Panda Breeding.
“When He Ye was brn, her gender 37 (characteristic) leaned tward being male, such as high urinatin (排尿), lively persnality, and tall figure. Hwever, as He Ye grew up, her male features did nt develp 38 (accrding)” a keeper named Tan said.
Hearing the news, Chinese netizens expressed surprise and heatedly discussed the 39 (cmplex) f identifying the gender f a giant panda. Sme called n researchers t cnduct similar investigatins int ther giant pandas. Sme thers felt happy and had fun 40 (get) creative with phts f the girl.
In fact, it is nt the first time a giant panda 41 (have) its gender misidentified. Tan, the keeper wh has been taking care 42 He Ye, explained: “because the gender f the panda is a little bit cmplicated, and there have been cases in the past 43 the gender f the panda was mistaken.” Out f many large mammals, giant pandas are 44 (challenging) t distinguish between males and females. It is difficult t determine their gender withut 45 DNA test. This is mainly because yung giant pandas d nt exhibit bvius secndary sexual features.
四、书信写作
46．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jack所在的学校将举办中国传统文化节，他准备从以下三个节目中选其一表演：中国传统乐器演奏、中国传统服饰秀、中国传统才艺展示。现向你征求建议。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 你的建议；
2. 你的理由。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The paper was hidden in a brwn bag. It was her late father’s bucket list, written n three pages trn frm a ntebk. Laura Carney lked dwn at it, then she glanced up at her husband. Withut a wrd spken, they bth knew: “I needed t finish it,” says Carney, 46.
Her brther, David, was the first t spt it. He uncvered the treasure in 2016—13 years after their father, Michael Mick Carney, was tragically killed when he was 54 by a distracted driver.
The list, Carney says, was written in 1978, the year she was brn. It had 60 tasks, five f which had already been checked ff. One was marked “failed”. That left 54 items fr Carney t cmplete. The tasks ranged frm relatively simple tasks, like “grw a watermeln,” t mre cmplicated nes like “crrespnd with a famus celebrity”. Several tasks were seemingly impssible. Still, Carney was nt discuraged. Fr Carney, the bucket list was an unexpected pprtunity t wrk thrugh her pain and recnnect with her dad.
“The first cuple nes that I did happened rganically,” Carney says. She had already signed up fr a marathn, which allwed her t check “run 10 miles straight” ff the list.
Anther item she cmpleted early n was “talk with the president.” She learned that frmer President Jimmy Carter—wh wuld have been president when Carney’s father wrte the list—taught Sunday schl in Gergia. She and her husband flew there t meet him.
While Carney cmpleted many f the bucket list tasks n her wn—including a tw-week trip t Eurpe— “it didn’t really feel like I was ding things alne, because I knew my dad was with me,” she says. “I feel like my relatinship with him is very present.”
Carney’s brther and mther accmpanied her fr sme activities, and her husband jined her fr thers. “After abut the first year r tw f ding this prject, he wuld say t me that the persn he had always seen in me was cming ut,” Carney says. “I had all these layers f sadness and fear that I was leaving behind.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
There was nly ne last task left n the list: “Have five sngs recrded”.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
S she decided t write her wn bucket list.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．A 2．B 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要是亚洲经济合作委员会（AEC）发布的一则招聘启事，寻找一位具有强大领导力、公共部门经验、高级管理经验、组织发展经验、高度政治敏感性和多边工作经验的执行董事。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The AEC Cmmittee, based in Singapre, fulfils an imprtant rle is supprting the AEC prcess, including plicy, technical and cmmunicatins services t an extensive range f sharehlders.(总部设在新加坡的AEC委员会在支持AEC进程方面发挥着重要作用，包括向广泛的股东提供政策、技术和沟通服务。)”可知，AEC 委员会总部位于新加坡，故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The successful candidate shuld be frm an AEC Member Ecnmy and must pssess strng leadership qualities, public sectr experience, senir management experience, and rganizatinal develpment experience, high plitical sensitivity and multilateral wrk experience, preferably in trade r ecnmic related areas.(成功的候选人必须来自AEC成员经济体，必须具有很强的领导才能，公共部门经验，高级管理经验，组织发展经验，高度的政治敏感性和多边工作经验，最好是在贸易或经济相关领域。)”可知，合格的候选人需要具有高水平的领导才能，故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据文章标题“Pst f Executive Directr f the AEC Cmmittee(AEC委员会执行主任一职)”以及文章内容可知，本文是一篇招聘广告，所以它可能出现在杂志的“职业机会”栏目中，故选C。
4．B 5．D 6．C 7．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个叫Amy的小女孩，总是光想事不做事。一天，Mr. Thrntn叫她去农场摘黑莓，告诉她这是一个挣钱的好机会，可是Amy迟迟不去，一直在算她能挣多少钱，最后等她到了农场发现，黑莓都被摘光了。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“In the village in which she lived, Mr. Thrntn kept a stre where he sld fruit f all kinds, including berries in their seasn. One day he said t Amy, whse parents were quite pr, “Wuld yu like t earn sme mney? ”(在她居住的村子里，桑顿先生开了一家商店，出售各种水果，包括当季的浆果。有一天，他对父母很穷的艾米说：“你想赚点钱吗？”)”可知，桑顿先生让艾米去摘浆果是为了让她赚点钱。故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段““Well, Amy,” said Mr. Thrntn, “I nticed sme fine, ripe blackberries in Mr. Green’s field tday, and he said that anybdy was welcme t them. I will pay yu thirteen cents a quart (度量单位) fr all yu will pick fr me”(“嗯，艾米，”桑顿先生说，“我今天在格林先生的田里看到了一些又好又熟的黑莓，他说任何人都可以采摘。你帮我采摘一夸脱，我会付给你十三美分。”)”可知，如果艾米想赚钱，她应该拿一个篮子，快速采摘浆果。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据第一段“Amy was a dear little girl, but she ften tended t waste time in getting ready t d her tasks, instead f ding them at nce as she ught t.(艾米是一个可爱的小女孩，但她往往会浪费时间准备做事，而不是像她应该的那样立即完成它们。)”和倒数第二段“Amy then fund ut what Mr. Thrntn wuld pay her fr fifty, a hundred, and tw hundred quarts. It tk her sme time t d this, and then it was s near dinner time that she had t stay at hme until afternn.(艾米随后得知桑顿先生愿意为她支付五十夸脱、一百夸脱和两百夸脱的酒钱。她花了不少时间才搞清楚，但此时已经快到晚餐时间了，她不得不待在家里直到下午)”可知，艾米只顾计算能挣多少钱，迟迟采取行动去摘黑莓，以至于最后黑莓被摘光了，由此可推知，艾米是理想化而不切实际的。故选C。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了一个叫Amy的小女孩，总是光想事不做事。一天，Mr. Thrntn叫她去农场摘黑莓，告诉她这是一个挣钱的好机会，可是Amy迟迟不去，一直在算她能挣多少钱，最后等她到了农场发现，黑莓都被摘光了，以至于最后没有挣到钱。D项“艾米没有赚到的钱。”适合作文章标题，故选D。
8．B 9．B 10．C 11．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国团队创造了一种受章鱼启发的柔性机械臂，够在有限的空间和水下感应和控制物体。
8．细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“This new inventin created by a team f researchers, led by Wen Li frm Beihang University was inspired by the ctpus, which mves its sft arms t catch its games with sensitive suckers. (这项由北航大学的温丽领导的研究小组创造的新发明受到了章鱼的启发，章鱼会移动柔软的手臂，用敏感的吸盘捕捉游戏)”可知，根据文章，章鱼的特殊生物结构激发了机械臂的发明。故选B。
9．词义猜测题。文章第五段讲到“Wen’s team fixed electrnics and circuits int the rbts while maintaining their defrmability. The researchers presented a stretchable electrnics-integrated sft ctpus arm with 16 air-driven devices and multiple degrees f freedm. (温的团队在保持机器人变形能力的同时，将电子器件和电路固定在机器人上。研究人员展示了一种可拉伸的电子集成软章鱼手臂，该手臂具有16个空气驱动装置和多个自由度)”可知，这种机器人的手臂是一种可拉伸的电子集成软章鱼手臂，这个手臂是软的，可变形的，因此划线单词所在句子的意思是“像这样的简单策略可以用作机器人抓取的模型，只需少量输入即可控制，也可以用作具有传感能力的高度变形手臂”。因此，第四段中带下划线单词的含义是“可变的”。故选B。
10．细节理解题。文章倒数第二段讲到“The sft arm with tw rws f sensry sucking cups that cnnect with the wearer's finger can perfrm a reaching-grasping-returning mtin acrss a range f up t 1. 5 times its riginal arm length, similar t the bilgical cunterpart(对应方), the study revealed. (柔软的手臂上有两排与佩戴者手指相连的感觉吸盘，可以在高达1的范围内进行伸手抓地的返回动作。研究显示，它是原来臂长的5倍，与生物对应物相似。)”可知，电子传感器集成到机器人中。故选C。
11．推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“This rbtic mdel prvides new prspects and develpment ideas fr the future interactive applicatins f flexible rbts, including medical rbts, seabed explratin rbts, and s n(该机器人模型为未来柔性机器人的交互应用提供了新的前景和发展思路，包括医疗机器人、海底探测机器人等)”可知，专家们在最后一段中的意思是：一项发明可以带来突破的连锁反应。故选D。
12．C 13．B 14．A 15．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员对音乐普遍性进项了分析和研究。音乐普遍性具有启发性，也有助于探索其他领域。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段“A team f mre than a dzen researchers and cuntless undergraduates set ut t cllect and interpret descriptins and recrdings f musical perfrmances arund the wrld.(一个由十几名研究人员和无数本科生组成的团队开始收集和解读世界各地音乐表演的描述和录音)”以及第三段“As they classified the sngs, they fund that three dimensins (方面) accunted fr mre than a quarter f the variability between sngs.(当他们对歌曲进行分类时，他们发现三个维度占歌曲之间可变性的四分之一以上)”可推知，研究是通过收集和分析数据进行的。故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段“Sngs high in frmality had large audiences and lts f instruments, ften invlved ceremnial events, and frequently had adult-nly audiences.(高度正式的歌曲有大量的观众和大量的乐器，通常涉及仪式活动，而且通常只有成人观众)”以及第四段“Mst dance was highly arusing and frmal, but lw in religisity. (大多数舞蹈都很有煽动性，很正式，但宗教信仰很低)”可推知，舞曲可能涉及最多的观众和乐器。故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Schlars say that their database culd fuel future research int even mre inspiring questins abut music universals. And their methd might be used t pick ut patterns in ther hard-t-analyze fields, like strytelling r visual art.(学者们表示，他们的数据库可以推动未来对音乐普遍性更具启发性的问题的研究。他们的方法可能被用来挑选其他难以分析的领域的模式，比如讲故事或视觉艺术)”可推知，学者们认为，他们的研究结果是很有前景的。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Schlars say that their database culd fuel future research int even mre inspiring questins abut music universals. And their methd might be used t pick ut patterns in ther hard-t-analyze fields, like strytelling r visual art.(学者们表示，他们的数据库可以推动未来对音乐普遍性更具启发性的问题的研究。他们的方法可能被用来挑选其他难以分析的领域的模式，比如讲故事或视觉艺术)”可推知，对音乐普遍性的研究有助于探索其他领域。故选D。
16．A 17．E 18．D 19．C 20．F
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了跟随他人行为的问题，包括在选择餐馆时随意跟随人群的不良影响，并解释了“从众”行为的危险性。
16．上文“Hw t pick the best place fr a much-needed refreshment? If yu’re like mst peple, a simple clue is likely t vary yur chice. Yu will lk fr the busiest restaurant with the mst diners because its ppularity is bund t reflect n the quality f fd and service(如何挑选一个最适合休息的地方？如果你和大多数人一样，一个简单的线索可能会改变你的选择。你会寻找最繁忙、食客最多的餐厅，因为它的受欢迎程度必然会反映在食物和服务的质量上)”指出了人们在挑选餐馆时会跟随他人的行为，下文“Ever-increasing numbers f custmers were attracted t the restaurant in questin, which culd have led t a bad dinner chice in an vercrwded restaurant.(越来越多的顾客被这家餐厅吸引，这可能会导致在过度拥挤的餐厅中出现糟糕的晚餐选择。)”指出，食客多、繁忙的餐厅晚餐也可能不好；A项“但这是真的吗？”承上启下，下文对此问题作出了回答，“this”指代上文陈述的内容。故选A。
17．上文“Early diners with n meaningful clues as t which restaurant t chse may have picked their evening eatery at randm, fr example selecting the place with the nicest name r the smiliest waiter. The fllwing passers-by may have misinterpreted their restaurant chice as a well-infrmed decisin and blindly fllwed their example.(早起的食客对于选择哪家餐厅没有任何有意义的线索，他们可能会随机选择晚餐餐厅，例如选择名字最好听的餐厅或笑容最灿烂的服务员。随后的路人可能会误解他们的餐厅选择是明智的决定，并盲目地效仿他们的做法)”指出人们在选择餐厅时只是根据名字最好听或笑容最灿烂的服务员等来选择，这是没有任何意义的，这导致其他人误解他们的选择是明智的，进而盲目跟随，下文“Ever-increasing numbers f custmers were attracted t the restaurant in questin, which culd have led t a bad dinner chice in an vercrwded restaurant.(越来越多的顾客被这家餐厅吸引，这可能会导致在过度拥挤的餐厅中出现糟糕的晚餐选择。)”指出这种盲目跟风行为导致一种不良结果，由此可知，空处应引起下文，指出这种行为会产生不良后果，E项“这可能会产生滚雪球效应。”符合语境，选项中“snw-balling effect”与下文“Ever-increasing numbers f custmers were attracted t the restaurant”相对应。故选E。
18．上文“Vluntarily cpying ther peple’s thughts r chices r simply ging with the crwd is ften referred t as “herd behaviur.” It is a frequent ccurrence amngst humans as well as many ther animals, a cmmn example being sheep.(自愿模仿其他人的想法或选择，或者只是随波逐流通常被称为“从众行为”。这种行为在人类以及许多其他动物中经常发生，常见的例子就是绵羊。)”介绍了指出这种自愿模仿其他人的想法或选择，或者只是随波逐流通常被称为“从众行为”，下文“In an earlier article, I discussed the s-called “wisdm f crwds”, which suggests that average judgements f large grups f peple ften utperfrm individual chices. Furthermre, fllwing the crwd appears t ffer prtectin and cmfrt. (我在之前的一篇文章中讨论了所谓的“群体智慧”，该观点认为，大群体的平均判断往往优于个人选择。此外，随大流似乎能提供保护和安慰。)”指出这种行为所蕴含的智慧，由此可知，这种行为似乎很有道理，D项“从众行为看上去很有道理。”符合语境。故选D。
19．上文“Furthermre, fllwing the crwd appears t ffer prtectin and cmfrt.(此外，随波逐流似乎能带来保护和安慰。)”指出从众似乎能带来保护和安慰，空处承接上文，对此作出解释，C项“毕竟，‘人多势众。”符合语境，“人多势众”这种心理使得人们感觉从众会带来保护和安慰，故选C。
20．下文“Cntrary t the s-called “wisdm f crwds”, herd behaviurs typically rely n s-called “infrmatin cascades (瀑布)”, where peple take n thers’ beliefs r cpy their chices withut critically appraising the underlying reasns. This frequently leads t the imitatin f unreasnable r simply stupid behaviurs.(与所谓的“群体智慧”相反，从众行为通常依赖于所谓的“信息瀑布”，即人们接受他人的信念或模仿他们的选择，而不批判性地评估其背后的原因。这经常导致模仿不合理或愚蠢的行为)”指出了从众心理的危害性，F项“从众行为虽然很容易解释，但却具有重大危险”符合语境，引起下文，故选F。
21．A 22．D 23．C 24．B 25．A 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．C 30．B 31．B 32．A 33．D 34．D 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在33岁的时候做了一些勇敢的事：竞选国会议员。由此作者感悟到女生会被爱和接受，不是因为她们完美，而是因为她们勇敢。
21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我竞选国会议员。A. ran fr为……竞选；B. lied t对……撒谎；C. vted against投票反对；D. traded with对……与交易。根据下文“but in my heart, I always wanted t run”可知，作者参选国会议员。故选A项。
22．考查介词词义辨析。句意：多年来，作为一名组织者，我一直安全地生活在政治的幕后，但在我心中，我一直想参选。A. n在……上；B. ff关闭；C. inside内部；D. behind在……的后面。根据下文“as an rganizer”可知，作者多年来一直在幕后工作。故选D项。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，民意调查却讲述了一个截然不同的故事。A. classic经典的；B. simple简单的；C. different不同的；D. cmplex复杂的。根据上文“but in my heart, I always wanted t run”以及下文“I nly gt 19 percent f the vte”可知，作者心里想的参选结果和事实结果是不同的。故选C项。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管结果如此，这是我一生中第一次做一些真正勇敢的事情，我不担心自己是完美的。A. risky有风险的；B. perfect完美的；C. stupid愚蠢的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据上文“I nly gt 19 percent f the vte. Despite the result, this was the first time in my entire life that I had dne smething that was truly brave”可知，这是作者第一次参选，虽然结果不太如意，作者真正做了这一生中真正勇敢的事实，作者也不必担心自己不够完美。故选B项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们立刻看到了我们的女孩们对不完美的恐惧。A. fear害怕；B. effrt努力；C. truble故障；D. struggle奋斗。根据下文“Instead f shwing the ___9___ that she made, she’d rather shw nthing at all.”可知，女孩子们害怕出现错误。故选A项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道该写什么代码。A. cde代码；B. answer答案；C. deficit赤字；D. character性格。根据上文“When the girls are first learning hw t cde”可知，此处指的是写代码。故选A项。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后展示一个空白文本编辑器。A. randm随机的；B. blank空白的；C. marked标记的；D. brken破碎的。根据下文“Instead f shwing the ___9___ that she made, she’d rather shw nthing at all.”可知，女孩子们宁愿在编辑器里什么都不显示，也不愿展示出她们出现的错误，因此，编辑器是空白的。故选B项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但如果老师按下und几次，她会看到她的学生写了代码，然后删除了它。A. used用；B. saved保存，拯救；C. cracked断裂；D. deleted删除。根据下文“Instead f shwing the ___9___ that she made, she’d rather shw nthing at all. ”可知，女孩子们宁愿在编辑器里什么都不显示，也不愿展示出她们取得的进步。她们把编辑器里的代码都删除了。故选D项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她宁愿什么都不显示，而不是显示她所取得的进步。A. mess一团糟；B. success成功；C. prgress进度；D. difference差别。根据上文“But if the teacher presses und a few times, she’ll see her student wrte cde”以及常识可知，写代码的过程是一个不断修正，不断试错，从而取得进步的过程。故选C项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人担心我们的预算赤字，但我担心我们的勇气赤字。A. hnesty诚实；B. bravery勇敢；C. genersity慷慨；D. determinatin决心。根据下文“We have t teach them t be brave in schls and early in their careers”可知，作者担心女孩子们不够勇敢。故选B项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数女孩的成长是为了避免风险和失败。A. face面对；B. avid避免；C. admit承认；D. expect预料。根据下文“We have t teach them t be brave in schls and early in their careers”可知，教育女孩子们避免风险。故选B项。
32．考查表语从句连接词辨析。句意：这就是为什么女性在STEM、国会以及几乎所有你看到的地方都代表性不足的原因。A. why为什么；B. hw如何；C. when当……时候；D. where哪里。根据上文“Mst girls are raised t ___11___ risk and failure.”可知，这是女性代表性不足的原因。故选A项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们必须让我们的女孩适应不完美，现在我们必须这样做。A. dubt怀疑；B. danger危险；C. uncertainty不确定性；D. imperfectin缺陷。根据下文“and we have t shw them that they will be lved and ___15___ nt fr being perfect but fr being curageus.”可知，要让我们的女孩适应不完美。故选D项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须教会她们在学校和职业生涯早期要勇敢，当她们最有可能享受生活时，我们必须向她们表明，她们会被爱和被接受，不是因为他们完美，而是因为她们勇敢。A. earn赚；B. risk风险；C. impact冲击；D. enjy享受。根据上文“We have t teach them t be brave in schls and early in their careers”可知，只有足够勇敢才能享受生活。故选D项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. inspired启发；B. accepted接受；C. tlerated耐受；D. prtected保护。根据前文“be lved”可知，因为自己的勇敢和不完美而被接受和被爱。故选B项。
36．is believed 37．characteristics 38．accrdingly 39．cmplexity 40．getting 41．has had 42．f 43．where 44．the mst challenging 45．a
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了明星大熊猫和叶于2020年7月出生，人们一直以为它是雄性，但根据成都大熊猫繁育研究基地最近的一篇文章，它是雌性。
36．考查时态和语态。句意：明星大熊猫和叶于 2020 年 7 月出生，人们一直以为它是雄性，但根据成都大熊猫繁育研究基地最近的一篇文章，它是雌性。此处在wh引导的定语从句中作谓语，wh代指先行词He Ye，为单数意义，和动词believe是被动关系，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，故填is believed。
37．考查名词的数。句意：和叶出生时，性别特征就偏向男性，排尿量多、性格活泼、身材高挑。由such as high urinatin (排尿), lively persnality, and tall figure可知，性格不止一个，应用复数形式，故填characteristics。
38．考查副词。句意：“但随着和叶长大，它的男性特征却没有发育出来。”饲养员谭先生说。此处应用副词accrdingly作状语，修饰动词develp，故填accrdingly。
39．考查名词。句意：消息一出，中国网民纷纷表示惊讶，并热烈讨论大熊猫性别识别的复杂性。此处应用名词cmplexity作宾语，表示“复杂性”，不可数，故填cmplexity。
40．考查固定搭配。句意：其他一些人则感到高兴，并很开心地为女孩拍摄创意照片。have fun ding sth.固定搭配，意为“做某事很开心”，故填getting。
41．考查固定句型。句意：事实上，这并不是大熊猫第一次被误认性别。it is the first time (that) 主语+has/have dne sth.，主语是单数，助动词应用has，故填has had。
42．考查固定搭配。句意：负责照顾和叶的饲养员谭先生解释道：“因为大熊猫的性别比较复杂，以前也发生过误认性别的情况。”take care f固定搭配，意为“照顾”，故填f。
43．考查定语从句。句意：负责照顾和叶的饲养员谭先生解释道：“因为大熊猫的性别比较复杂，以前也发生过误认性别的情况。”空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词cases，且关系词在从句中作状语，应用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。
44．考查形容词最高级。句意：在许多大型哺乳动物中，大熊猫是最难区分雄性和雌性的。由空前比较范围“Out f many large mammals”可知，此处表示大熊猫是最难区分雄性和雌性的，所以空处需用形容词的最高级。故填the mst challenging。
45．考查冠词。句意：如果没有 DNA 测试就很难确定他们的性别。此处泛指一个DNA测试，应用不定冠词来修饰，且DNA发音是以辅音因素开头，应用a，故填a。
46．Dear Jack,
I am writing t express my pinin n the Chinese Traditinal Culture Festival t be held by yur schl. The Chinese traditinal instrument perfrmance, such as playing erhu, is a gd chice.
In the vast and rich musical landscape f China, erhu stands ut as a unique and enchanting instrument. Often described as the “vice f the Chinese sul”, erhu has a histry that spans thusands f years, making it ne f the ldest musical instruments in the wrld. What’s mre, it has been three years since yu began t learn abut it, s I’m firmly cnvinced that yur perfrmance will be attractive t the audience.
The sng I recmmend t yu is “Tw Springs Reflecting the Mn”, which is a rare and timeless piece f Chinese traditinal instrumental music. It has captivated listeners acrss generatins and cntinues t d s tday.
Thank yu fr cnsidering my suggestin.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生英国朋友Jack写封邮件，Jack的学校将举办中国传统文化节，向他推荐三个节目中的一种表演：中国传统乐器演奏、中国传统服饰秀、中国传统才艺展示，并说明理由。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
迷人的：enchanting →fascinating
此外：what’s mre→in additin
相信：be cnvinced→believe
迷住：captivated→fascinate
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Often described as the “vice f the Chinese sul”, erhu has a histry that spans thusands f years, making it ne f the ldest musical instruments in the wrld.
拓展句：Often described as the “vice f the Chinese sul”, erhu has a histry that spans thusands f years, which makes it ne f the ldest musical instruments in the wrld.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Often described as the “vice f the Chinese sul”, erhu has a histry that spans thusands f years, making it ne f the ldest musical instruments in the wrld. (使用了过去分词作定语，that引导定语从句以及现在分词短语作状语)
【高分句型2】The sng I recmmend t yu is “Tw Springs Reflecting the Mn”, which is a rare and timeless piece f Chinese traditinal instrumental music. (使用了省略关系代词that的定语从句以及which引导的非限制性定语从句)
47．
There was nly ne last task left n the list: “Have five sngs recrded”. T cmplete the last task, Carney began t practice singing. Carney practiced hard and had a music teacher t guide her, smetimes staying up late. After learning t sing, Carney fund ne f the best lcal recrd cmpanies t recrd, hping t fulfill her father’s wish with the best recrd. It tk a lt f hard wrk fr Carney t cmplete the recrding f five sngs, and it was reassuring t knw that she had ticked ff everything n her father’s bucket list. Cmpleting her father’s bucket list gave Carney a deeper understanding f her father and, at the same time, f herself.
S she decided t write her wn bucket list. With this in mind, she began t write her wn bucket list. As she missed her father, Carney thught abut her life. She had t make her wn list, just like her father. She wrte her wishes n a list that included her wishes and thse f her family. By helping her father cmplete the bucket list, Carney learned that everyne shuld have their wn gals and wrk hard t achieve them in rder t be wrthy f their wn life. Cherish the present and strive t mve frward.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Carney在父亲去世后，发现父亲的遗愿清单，并决定要完成它，在这个过程中，她逐渐认识到了真正的自己。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“名单上只剩下最后一个任务：‘录五首歌’。”可知，第一段可描写作最后一个任务的完成过程和感受。
②由第二段首句内容“所以她决定写一份自己的遗愿清单。”可知，第二段可描写她的遗愿清单的相关内容和对人生的感悟。
2.续写线索：练习歌曲——努力付出——录制歌曲——完成清单——反思过程——人生感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①希望：cmplete/finish/accmplish
②练习：practice/exercise
③指导：guide/direct
情绪类
①希望：hpe/wish/expect
②宽慰的：reassuring/relieved/cmfrting
【点睛】【高分句型1】She wrte her wishes n a list that included her wishes and thse f her family.(运用了that引导的定语从句)
【高分句型2】By helping her father cmplete the bucket list, Carney learned that everyne shuld have their wn gals and wrk hard t achieve them in rder t be wrthy f their wn life.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)