陕西省陕西师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

这是一份陕西省陕西师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题，共13页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书信写作，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Italy is a cuntry that cannt be missed n yur travel bucket list.
Things t D in Italy
Owning 50 UNESCO apprved Wrld Cultural Heritage Sites, Italy is hnred arund the wrld fr its ancient civilizatin and art. Being the epitme (典范) f the western art and culture, this remarkable land gave birth t the Renaissance, which affected the whle Eurpe, and bviusly every crner f Italy bears a lng histry. Men are crazy abut Italian ftball, while ladies can’t mve their eyes away frm Italian fashin. Mrever, the wrld famus Italian cuisine will als delight yu. Our Italy vacatin packages culd cver all these absrbing aspects.
Best Time t G
Italy has a diverse climate, with cntinental climate in the nrth and Mediterranean climate in the suth.
In summer, mst areas in Italy are extremely ht, with the highest temperature ver 35℃. Usually, the high temperature starts frm the end f June and lasts till August. August is the natinal hliday mnth. Many Italian families will spend their hlidays in castal cities.
During the winter time, the nrthern Italy is relatively cld and accmpanied by heavy snws. Many peple will stay indrs. But it is highly recmmended t g skiing and enjy the snw-cvered landscape f the muntains. The suthern and island areas are relatively warm, with an average temperature f abut 15℃.
Generally speaking, the best time t take Italy turs is spring frm April t June and autumn frm September t Octber.
Visa fr Italy Turs
Italy is a Schengen cuntry (申根国家), and internatinal travelers can enter Italy with an available Schengen visa issued by any Schengen cuntry. Travelers hlding American, Canadian, Australian passprts, and citizens f Eurpean Unin (EU) cuntries are allwed t stay up t 90 days withut a visa.
Currency & Payment in Italy
Italy uses the Eurpean Unin’s cmmn currency Eur (€). Visa, MasterCard, JCB, etc. are widely accepted. But fr tbacc purchases, nly cash is accepted. Sme supermarkets d nt supprt credit card payment.
1．What greatly appeals t female visitrs in Italy?
A．Histry.B．Ftball.C．Fashin.D．Cuisine.
2．What is advised t d in the winter f Italy?
A．G skiing in the nrth.
B．Jin in sme indr activities.
C．Enjy family hlidays in castal cities.
D．Climb snw cvered muntains n islands.
3．Wh can stay in Italy fr three mnths?
A．A traveler with a Chinese passprt.
B．Any internatinal traveler with a visa.
C．Any persn living in Canada fr many years.
D．A citizen frm an EU cuntry withut a visa.
It was Octber 2005, and the catastrphic earthquake killing sme 79,000 peple in Pakistan had reduced the valley t mud and ruins.
Yasmeen Lari, a 65-year-ld architect, was there t help lead the recnstructin f settlements, but she had never dne disaster wrk befre. Lari was knwn fr designing smth twers f glass and cncrete. But here, she’d be drawing plans fr earthquake-resistant hmes using stne and timber debris(木材碎片). With each passing day, she felt deeply right t d disaster-relief wrk. S she made it her new missin, spending the next fur mnths wrking with vlunteer architects and engineers frm Pakistan and abrad.
Inspired by lcal buildings made with sustainable materials such as timber debris, bamb and mud, Lari’s shelters can better withstand disasters. Lari says this lcal, cst-effective and zer-carbn apprach is creating an ecsystem. Anyne can learn by watching DIY vides n Lari’s Zer Carbn Channel n YuTube.
The design wn a UN Wrld Habitat Prize in 2018.“We need t believe in peple’s capacity t bring abut change. I treat displaced peple as partners, nt victims. They knw what t d,” says Lari.
Over the decades, Yasmeen Lari has wn many awards as architect and envirnmentalist. While it may seem like an unlikely path fr a girl wh was brn int a well-t-d family in1941, she had an uncnventinal upbringing. At hme, her father wuld talk abut the desperate need fr husing. Listening t her father talk abut the husing crisis and need fr architects made an impressin n Lari. On a family visit t Lndn when she was 15, she applied t architecture schl at Oxfrd Brkes University. She laughs as she recalls her bravery.
At age 83, Yasmeen Lari is still full f ideas abut zer-carbn designs, skills building and self-sustaining villages. “Architects can n lnger wrk fr just the ne percent,” she says. “That desn’t allw them t serve humanity as much as they culd.”
4．What can we learn abut Lari frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．She felt cnsiderably prud t d disaster-relief wrk.
B．She started a brand-new vlunteer wrking experience.
C．She was gd at designing earthquake-resistant huses.
D．She recnstructed the settlements with glass and cncrete.
5．Hw did Lari make her design practical and envirnmental?
A．By creating an ecsystem.
B．By strengthening lcal buildings.
C．By using lcal sustainable materials.
D．By watching DIY vides n YuTube.
6．Why did Lari decide t apply t architecture schl?
A．Her interest in architecture drve her.
B．Her father encuraged her t path unusual.
C．Her father talked abut the demand fr architects.
D．Her rich family allwed her t pursue the mst f dream.
7．Which f the fllwing best describes Yasmeen Lari?
A．Sensitive and brave.
B．Determined and cperative.
C．Hnest and generus.
D．Sympathetic and ec-respnsible.
Transprt is underging a massive transfrmatin s it can meet sciety’s demands fr a lw- carbn ecnmy. Intrducing electric vehicles (EV) and declining gasline use are helping, but zer-carbn hydrgen can speed up bth the transitin (转变) and lng-term decarbnizatin f transprt.
In the US, transprtatin prduces the largest share f all greenhuse gas emissins (排放) in the ecnmy at 29%, accrding t the Envirnmental Prtectin Agency. Mre than 90% f transprt fuel is petrl based, but if mre vehicles used hydrgen, emissins f this kind wuld plummet.
Hwever, hydrgen is nt cnsidered an ideal replacement fr gasline as an engine fuel fr cars because it is harder t stre safely. And while fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) that turn hydrgen int electricity can cmpete with EV perfrmance-and even ut-cmpete them n range and refill time, extra energy is needed t prduce the hydrgen needed fr fuel. Als, finding investment fr strage, pipelines and fuel statins is still a challenge fr many natins.
Currently, gvernments wrldwide are backing green hydrgen prjects t reduce greenhuse gas emissins in heavy industries like freight (货运), steel, and energy strage. But hydrgen transprt will need rapid prductin methds t create the fuel needed fr the wrld’s rad fleet.
Thankfully, research is advancing all the time. Nanscale (纳米级的) thin films are applied t imprving the chemical prcess t rapidly harvest hydrgen frm the seawater. The same technlgy has been successfully used in slar pwer devices with higher efficiency-t-cst rates. Since hydrgen is the mst abundant element in the universe and as seawater makes up abut 96% f all water n Earth, there is a virtually limitless supply.
Even wastewater and slid waste can create green hydrgen. Researchers at Princetn University are using sunlight t separate hydrgen frm industrial wastewater. Chemical plants that currently face high csts fr cleaning wastewater culd transfrm it int clean hydrgen supplies.
8．What des the underlined wrd “plummet” mean in Paragraph 2?
A．Stp.B．Decrease.C．Cntinue.D．Disappear.
9．What is Paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A．Ways f string hydrgen safely.
B．Benefits f fuel cell electric vehicles.
C．Challenges f using hydrgen as car fuel.
D．Differences between gasline and hydrgen.
10．What makes it mre efficient t get hydrgen frm the cean?
A．The applicatin f slar pwer devices.
B．The methd f identifying water elements.
C．The inventin. f the water transprt system.
D．The use f the nanscale thin-film technlgy.
11．Which f the fllwing can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Clean Energy Hydrgen Ready t Take Off
B．Traditinal Fuels Bund t Reach a Dead End
C．Hw We Can Generate Energy frm Hydrgen
D．What the Future f Transprtatin May Be Like
The Stanfrd marshmallw (棉花糖) test was riginally cnducted by psychlgist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged fur t six at a nursery schl were placed in a rm. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed n a table. Each child was tld if they waited fr 15 minutes befre eating the treat, they wuld be given a secnd treat. Then they were left alne in the rm. Fllw-up studies with the children later in life shwed a cnnectin between an ability t wait lng enugh t btain a secnd treat and varius frms f success.
As adults we face a versin f the marshmallw test every day. We’re nt tempted by sugary treats, but by ur cmputers, phnes, and tablets — all the devices that cnnect us t the glbal delivery system fr varius types f infrmatin that d t us what marshmallws d t preschlers.
We are tempted by sugary treats because ur ancestrs lived in a calrie-pr wrld, and ur brains develped a respnse mechanism t these treats that reflected their value — a feeling f reward and satisfactin. But as we’ve reshaped the wrld arund us, dramatically reducing the cst and effrt invlved in btaining calries, we still have the same brains we had thusands f years ag, and this mismatch is at the heart f why s many f us struggle t resist tempting fds that we knw we shuldn’t eat.
A similar prcess is at wrk in ur respnse t infrmatin. Our frmative envirnment as a species was infrmatin-pr, s ur brains develped a mechanism that prized new infrmatin. But glbal cnnectivity has greatly changed ur infrmatin envirnment. We are nw ceaselessly bmbarded (轰炸) with new infrmatin. Therefre, just as we need t be mre thughtful abut ur calric cnsumptin, we als need t be mre thughtful abut ur infrmatin cnsumptin, resisting the temptatin f the mental “junk fd” in rder t manage ur time mst effectively.
12．What did the children need t d t get a secnd treat in Mischel’s test?
A．Take an examinatin alne.B．Share their treats with thers.
C．Delay eating fr fifteen minutes.D．Shw respect fr the researchers.
13．Accrding t Paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between_______.
A．the calrie-pr wrld and ur gd appetitesB．the shrtage f sugar and ur nutritinal needs
C．the tempting fds and ur effrts t keep fitD．the rich fd supply and ur unchanged brains
14．What des the authr suggest readers d?
A．Be selective infrmatin cnsumers.B．Absrb new infrmatin readily.
C．Use diverse infrmatin surces.D．Prtect the infrmatin envirnment.
15．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．Eat Less, Read MreB．The Later, the Better
C．The Marshmallw Test fr GrwnupsD．The Bitter Truth abut Early Humans
A diverse wrkfrce cnsists f peple frm all walks f life. These are emplyees wh will view the wrld differently, and wh will apply their persnal experience t cntribute unique viewpints which can benefit yur cmpany. 16 There are still mre real and immediate benefits f diversity in the wrkplace.
When emplyees with different viewpints cme tgether, everyne shares a slightly different apprach t the jb and the prblem at hand. And that’s a benefit, as far as yur success is cncerned. 17 They’re diverse t, after all.
Meanwhile, wrkplace diversity bsts creativity. Think abut it this way: sameness causes sameness. If yu nly hire emplyees cming frm similar cultures and sciecnmic circumstances, yu’re limiting the creativity and innvatin f yur cmpany. 18
In general, peple like t fit in, s they are careful nt t stick their necks ut. When in a strng, hmgenus (同种类的) culture, they prevent the natural cgnitive (认知的) diversity in grups thrugh the pressure t fllw the majrity. 19 N matter wh they are r where they cme frm, this inclusiveness helps them break dwn barriers and reduce the fear f being rejected.
20 A diverse wrkfrce gives yu a diverse and glbal perspective — a pint f view rich in incredible slight differences in human experience and culture — and that means yu will have a greater chance f expanding int mre diverse markets, bth at hme and abrad.
A．And this just desn’t end there.
B．Similarly, different vices will cntribute t diversity.
C．Actually, diversity shuld be a majr gal fr every cmpany.
D．A diverse wrkfrce als gives yu better insights int yur custmers.
E．But a wrkplace culture f diversity helps yur emplyees feel included.
F．Beynd that, diversity can help yu successfully develp yur business glbally.
G．On the cntrary, emplyees frm diverse backgrunds will bring diverse slutins.
二、完形填空
Many years ag, I bught a huse in the Garfagnana, where we still g every summer. The first time we 21 there, we heard the chug chug-chug f a mtrbike making its way dwn the hill twards us. It was a neighbr called Mari, cming t 22 us a bx cntaining sme tmates and a bttle f wine. It was a very nice 23 fr him t make. But when we lked at the tmates, we were 24 because they were s misshapen: nt at all like the nice, rund, shiny things yu get in a supermarket. And the wine was 25 , in a funny ld bttle with n label (标签) n it. These can’t be any gd we thught. But we were 26 his kindness, s we tried them.
What we discvered is that it’s 27 t judge what yu eat nly by its 28 . Thse tmates had 29 that reminded me f the nes my uncle used t grw when I was a child. Nwadays supermarket tmates lk perfect but taste f water. Nbdy’s ging t have a(n) 30 memry f thse. It’s a surprise they haven’t managed t grw square nes s that they can 31 them easily. Mari’s wine may have been cludy and cme ut f an ld bttle, but it was 32 .
It’s gd t eat things at the crrect time, when they’re 33 , and as clse as pssible t where they were 34 . What Mari had 35 us was the taste f the Garfagnana.
21．A．departedB．ccupiedC．campedD．stayed
22．A．bringB．sendC．recmmendD．prmte
23．A．chiceB．cmmentC．prpsalD．gesture
24．A．wrriedB．depressedC．thrilledD．discuraged
25．A．bldB．spicyC．cludyD．strng
26．A．sympathetic tB．thankful frC．cautius abutD．interested in
27．A．unnecessaryB．uncertainC．unwiseD．unusual
28．A．appearanceB．textureC．riginD．price
29．A．sizeB．shapeC．clrD．taste
30．A．happyB．vividC．exceptinalD．amazing
31．A．cleanB．checkC．cuntD．pack
32．A．perfectB．nutritiusC．cnvenientD．familiar
33．A．n viewB．n saleC．in seasnD．in need
34．A．finishedB．preservedC．fundD．grwn
35．A．ckedB．givenC．bughtD．tld
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
FUJIAN cuisine riginated frm sutheast China’s Fujian Prvince and gradually absrbed the cking style f the migrants frm the middle and lwer reaches f the Yangtze River.
36 (knw) as a prvince with numerus muntains n China’s sutheast cast, Fujian is rich 37 natural fd resurces. With a 3,752-kilmeter-lng castline and ver 2,000 islands, it has an abundant supply f fish, shellfish, and ther sea prducts, which prvide rich varius fd ingredients. Fujian cuisine, accrdingly, is nted fr wdland delicacies and seafd 38 (delight) , while trying 39 (preserve) the riginal flavr f the main ingredients that is light 40 delicius, fresh, and nt ily in general.
Fujian cuisine has sme distinctive features. First, lcal chefs are 41 (skill) at knife techniques and can cut fd int hair-thin slices. Secnd, with 42 large amunt f seafd in the lcal peple’s diet, they lve t ck varius kinds f sups with seafd. Third, 43 is knwn that they can make gd use f unique spices, which create varius tastes. Furth, all ingredients 44 (chse) frm nutritius fds that are artistically decrated in plates. Representative Fujian dishes include biled sea clams in chicken sup, lychee prk, and fried duck in Shacha sauce.
In ancient times, many Fujian peple made a living wrking abrad in Sutheast Asia as expatriates (侨民), therefre 45 (gradual) taking many ther elements int their dietary custm.
四、书信写作
46．学校倡议同学养成健康饮食习惯，远离不健康食品。请你以“My healthy eating habits”为题，写一篇倡议书！
内容包括：
1. 你的饮食是否健康；
2. 你的不良饮食习惯及如何改正坏习惯；
3. 总结你的观点。
要求：80词左右，书写工整。
My healthy eating habits
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五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Michael Martin was ging t d his nrmal shpping at a Smart & Final stre in Sacrament, Califrnia with his family, curisity made him stp in frnt f a man sitting utside. It’s n wnder t see sme hmeless peple utside different stres, but this man seemed different. He was sitting n his sleeping bag with his resumes (简历) and a sign that read “need wrk and fd”.
The man was named Frederic Callisn, 52 and a frmer ck. He came t Sacrament tw years ag frm Washingtn in the hpe f getting a jb as a ck. His plans were stpped and he ended up in this unexpected way ever since. Smart & Final allwed him t stay near the stre, as he helped them t push carts fr free.
But he wuld nt like t ask fr mney like mst f the hmeless peple. Instead, he decided t use the place as an active jb-hunting t change his difficult circumstances. S he made the sign. This was nt just wrds, as his Scial Security number and ID were als kept handy. All the dcuments shwed his serius intentins t find wrk.
Martin was amazed by such preparatins and asked the man fr his resumes. Withut hesitatin, Callisn handed ne t him. The resume, which was well-written and had a striking resume headline, claimed that he was a fine ck. Then he began telling Martin abut his qualificatin and wrk experiences. It was like a real interview, but nt s intense and strict.
Martin was impressed and inspired by Callisn’s will and effrts t wrk. He ttally understd the situatin f Callisn. Effrts and determinatin f Callisn were wrth respect, as it was really a difficult gal.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Michael Martin decided t d what he culd t help the hmeless man.
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Callisn was really grateful fr such an pprtunity.
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参考答案：
1．C 2．A 3．D
4．B 5．C 6．C 7．D
8．B 9．C 10．D 11．A
12．C 13．D 14．A 15．C
16．A 17．D 18．G 19．E 20．F
21．D 22．A 23．D 24．A 25．C 26．B 27．C 28．A 29．D 30．A 31．D 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．B
36．Knwn 37．in 38．delights 39．t preserve 40．but 41．skilled 42．the 43．it 44．are chsen 45．gradually