湖南省邵阳市2024-2025学年高二上学期学业水平考试英语试题

这是一份湖南省邵阳市2024-2025学年高二上学期学业水平考试英语试题，共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书信写作，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Are yu lking fr yur next great read? Whether it’s fr persnal grwth, inspiratin, r an escape int an imaginative wrld, these newly released bks have smething fr everyne.
The Pwer f Habit by Charles Duhigg
Charles Duhigg explres hw habits shape ur lives. Using real-life examples, he presents hw understanding the “habit lp” can help imprve health, prductivity, and relatinships. This bk ffers practical strategies fr making lasting changes that lead t remarkable results.
503 pages, 4.47 ut f 5 stars
The Bk f Jy by Emma Green and Jhn Reynld
In this delightful bk, Emma Green, a respected life cach, and Jhn Reynld, a renwned psychlgist, share insights int finding lasting happiness. Their engaging cnversatins, filled with wisdm and humr, ffer a rad map t living a jyful life despite challenges.
291 pages, 4.11 ut f 5 stars
Educated by Tara Westver
Educated is a pwerful memir that tells the stry f Tara Westver, wh was raised in a pr rural area and had n frmal educatin until the age f 17. Her determinatin t educate herself and her jurney t earning a PhD frm Cambridge University are bth inspiring and thught-prvking.
464 pages,4.19 ut f 5 stars
The Midnight Library by Matt Haig
Nra Seed finds herself in a magical library where she has the chance t explre different lives she culd have lived thrugh each bk, learning valuable lessns. This imaginative nvel is perfect fr readers wh enjy stries abut secnd chances and self-discvery.
368 pages, 4.15 ut f 5 stars
1．Which f the fllwing receives the highest rating?
A．Educated.B．The Bk f Jy.
C．The Midnight Library.D．The Pwer f Habit.
2．Whse bk appeals t readers in favr f lively discussins?
A．Matt Haig’s.B．Tara Westver’s.
C．Emma Green and Jhn Reynld’s.D．Charles Duhigg’s.
3．What is the writing purpse f this text?
A．T advertise sme classic bks.B．T express the authr’s preference.
C．T recmmend sme quality bks.D．T intrduce different writing styles.
As a kid, I dreamed f becming a marine bilgist and I lived ut this fantasy by setting up aquariums at hme. Then, at 20, I was intrduced t phtgrapher David Liittschwager, wh hired me t help him with a magazine assignment n marine life.
David’s assignment was t dcument the amazing bidiversity fund in the cean. My rle was t cllect specimens fr him t phtgraph. Every night, I wuld cast a flating lamp. Like mths drawn t a flame, mysterius creatures wuld emerge frm the depths in search f this light. I’d then set up aquariums t huse them as they waited fr David t take their sht.
Thse evenings made me feel as if I were n anther planet. I had never imagined such strange life-frms culd exist in ur ceans. But I didn’t grasp the true magic f what was in frnt f me until I saw the phtgraphs David tk.
The biggest surprise was his image f a baby flunder. I caught this fish by accident. Only later did I ntice its tw tiny eyeballs staring back at me. But David’s phtgraph f this flunder revealed a universe f detail that even my eager eyes had missed. His macr lens magnified its ribs (肋骨). The lightning-fast expsure frze its mtin. A precisely aimed light released the rainbw hidden in its skin. And the black backgrund remved all distractins t fcus ur attentin n the quiet beauty at hand.
Years after that prject, I was snrkeling (潜泳) n a shallw reef. Out f the darkness, anther baby flunder emerged and settled n my mask. This time I knew what t lk fr. Befre wrking fr David, I had assumed the gal f phtgraphy was simply t reprduce an bservatin s that thers culd share the same experience. It had never ccurred t me that phtgraphy culd expand ur visual perceptin and therefre teach us t lk at the wrld frm new perspectives.
4．What was the authr’s rle in the magazine assignment?
A．Phtgraphing the marine life.
B．Dcumenting the amazing bidiversity.
C．Building an aquarium fr marine research.
D．Attracting and gathering species f marine life.
5．What surprised the authr abut the image f a baby flunder?
A．The advanced techniques f lighting.
B．The strange appearance f the small fish.
C．The accurate display f its cmprehensive details.
D．The unexpected effect f backgrund prcessing.
6．What can we infer abut the authr frm the text?
A．He launched a lcal snrkeling prject.
B．He achieved his dream by taking up phtgraphy.
C．The prject mtivated him t start cean research.
D．The experience changed his view f phtgraphy.
7．What is the true magic f phtgraphy?
A．T recrd an bservatin result.
B．T help peple see the wrld anew.
C．T share ne’s specific experience.
D．T reveal visible wnders f the wrld.
The farms f the future may lk very different frm that f tday. That’s because farms d nt have t be utside anymre. They als wn’t have t be abve grund. In Lndn, 100 feet belw the streets there was a huge empty space. Richard Ballard and Steven Dring, funders f the cmpany Grwing Undergrund, thught it wuld be an ideal spt t build a hydrpnic (水栽的) farm. After all, these types f farms are ding well in ther indr spaces.
Funded in 2015, Grwing Undergrund’s farm grws micrgreens and salad leaves using hydrpnic technlgy that grws plants in water but nt sil. In fact, the cmpany said that its hydrpnic technlgy allws fr the perfect pest-free grwing envirnment.
These methds use abut 70 percent water less than traditinal field agriculture and all the nutrients are kept within a clsed circle system. They can grw the greens all year rund because they are nt affected by weather r grwing seasns.
But it is the LED lighting system that is the key t grwing fd undergrund. Ballard said, “Already, LEDs allw the grwers t change the flavr f the greens, as their sugars and starches develp differently under different light spectrums (光谱).”
Right nw, the cmpany nly sells greens with a lt f leaves because they are the nly crps that grw fast enugh t be ecnmically feasible but Ballard believes that will change. “As technlgies imprve, yu’ll see sft fruits, cucumbers, peppers,” he said.
The cmpany’s gal is t keep fd lcal. They say that all f the greens can be in yur kitchen within fur hurs f being picked. They currently sell t lcal restaurants in Lndn, but they hpe t be entering the lcal grceries sn.
8．What makes the undergrund farm pssible?
A．The rich sil.B．The great demand fr fruits.
C．The hydrpnic technlgy.D．The gd weather cnditin.
9．What is the functin f the LED lighting system?
A．T get rid f pests.B．T increase the temperature f undergrund farm.
C．T allw greens t grw rapidly.D．T prvide varius light spectrums.
10．What des the underlined wrd “feasible” in Paragraph 5 prbably mean?
A．Difficult.B．Challenged.C．Impssible.D．Achievable.
11．What des the cmpany expect f the undergrund farm?
A．It’ll benefit mre custmers.B．It’ll be envirnment-friendly.
C．It’ll keep fd fresher fr lnger.D．It’ll use the latest technlgy.
A theme at this year’s Wrld Ecnmic Frum (WEF) meeting in Switzerland was the perceived need t “speed up breakthrughs in research and technlgy.” Sme f this framing was mtivated by the climate emergency, sme by the pprtunities and challenges presented by generative artificial intelligence. Yet in varius cnversatins, it seemed t be taken fr granted that t address the wrld’s prblems, scientific research needs t mve faster. The WEF mindset is similar t the Silicn Valley dictate — t mve fast and break things. But what if the thing being brken is science? Or public trust?
The WEF meeting tk place just tw weeks after Harvard University President Claudine Gay stepped dwn after cmplaints were made abut her plitical science schlarship. In respnse, Gay requested crrectins t several f her papers. Althugh it may be impssible t determine just hw widespread such prblems really are, it’s hard t imagine that the scene f high-prfile schlars crrecting and retracting papers has nt had a negative impact n public trust in science and perhaps in experts bradly.
In recent years we’ve seen imprtant papers, written by utstanding scientists and published in celebrated jurnals, retracted because f questinable data r methds, hence a questin: Are schlars at supercmpetitive places such as Harvard and Stanfrd rushing t publish rather than taking the time t d their wrk right?
It’s impssible t answer this questin scientifically because there’s n scientific definitin f what cnstitutes “rushing.” But there’s little dubt that we live in a culture where academics at leading universities are under tremendus pressure t prduce results — and a lt f them — quickly.
The prblem is nt unique t the U. S. In Eurpe, frmal research assessments — which are used t allcate (分配) future funding — have fr years judged academic departments largely n the quantity f their utput. A recent refrm urging an emphasis n quality ver quantity allwed that the existing system had created “cunterincentives.”
Gd science takes time. Mre than 50 years elapsed between the 1543 publicatin f Cpernicus’s On the Revlutins f the Heavenly Spheres. And it tk just abut half a century fr gelgists and gephysicists t accept gephysicist Alfred Wegener’s idea f cntinental drift.
There’s plenty f circumstantial evidence that scientists and ther schlars are pushing results ut far faster than they used t. Cnsider the sheer vlume f academic papers being published these days. One recent study put the number at mre than seven millin a year, cmpared with fewer than a millin as recently as 1980. Sme f this grwth is driven by mre scientists and mre c-authrship f papers, but the numbers als suggest that the research wrld has priritized quantity ver quality. Researchers may need t slw dwn if we are t prduce knwledge wrthy f trust.
12．WEF meeting in Switzerland advcated that ________.
A．researchers need t achieve breakthrughs mre rapidly
B．public trust in science is nt suppsed t be easily brken
C．WEF and Silicn Valley reach an agreement t mve fast
D．climate emergency and AI push scientific research hard
13．Which f the fllwing examples fails t prve that gd science takes time?
A．Gay’s crrectin and retractin f papers.B．Publicatin f Cpernicus’s thery.
C．High-prfile schlars’ tremendus utput.D．Acceptance f the idea f cntinental drift.
14．The underlined wrd “cunterincentives” in para. 5 prbably means ________.
A．measures t increase quantities f utputB．discuragements f high quality papers
C．rewards fr leading universities’ researchD．cntradictry mtives fr future funding
15．Which f the fllwing is best title f the passage?
A．WEF Cincides with Silicn ValleyB．Cllapse f Public Trust
C．Dilemma between Quantity and QualityD．Truble in the Fast Lane
Virtual internships (实习) are nw a cmmn ccurrence as we adjust t the “new nrmal” when it cmes t wrking. 16 Still, there are many psitives that can cme frm virtual internships that yu shuld cnsider.
Use it fr resume building
17 It shwcases yur ability t manage yur time effectively and handle tasks n yur wn. Besides, securing glwing recmmendatins frm a remte emplyer highlights skills yu gained thrugh remte wrk.
Cnsider the cst savings
Having a jb can cst quite a bit when yu take the cmmute (通勤) int cnsideratin. With remte wrk, the csts are significantly lwer, if they exist at all. 18 While being in persn has a certain feel difficult t let g f, wrking frm hme is arguably ne f the best ways t stre up sme mney.
Make the mst f yur time savings
Additinally, withut that cmmute, yu gain sme extra time t get things dne that yu therwise wuldn’t have been able t. This includes many things, such as watching yur favrite shws and cking hmemade meals n a nightly basis. 19
Treat it as experience
Lastly, keep in mind that a virtual internship is still an internship. Experience is experience, n matter hw yu btain it. 20 Fr that reasn, understand that a virtual internship is still experience, and that it’s still a feasible ptin t include n yur resume.
A．That being said, it can be easily viewed as a negative.
B．Yu get t wrk frm cmfrt hme, n cmmute required.
C．It is the way f the future, at least, fr the freseeable future.
D．Gas, parking fees, and even grabbing lunch can quickly add up.
E．It desn’t seem like much, but the extra time can be a real game-changer.
F．While it’s easy t dismiss a virtual internship, yu’d be missing an pprtunity.
G．As fr building a prfessinal prfile, remte wrk can really sell yur experience.
二、完形填空
When the cuple had t clse their business, they 21 almst everything. With n wrk, hme, car r fd, and their yung sn, Henrique, 22 with his grandmther, they 23 t survive. They spent nights n the flr at the railway statin and 24 fund beds in a shelter.
A husing prgram called Vila Reencntr 25 them t lk thrugh a list f ptential hmes 26 t rent, s they culd chse what wuld be the best fit 27 their family. After seeing several 28 , they decided t g with what they are nw in.
And they were prvided with ther pprtunities, including 29 medical care and finding jbs. Lee Susa was ffered a(n) 30 in the city’s sanitatin department (卫生部门) — which he still has tday. The husing prgram will 31 their rent fr the next tw years.
Their sn is able t live with them again. And he has been ding exceptinally well at schl, never wanting t 32 a day. Every mrning he takes his time 33 his hair, making sure the curls (卷发) are just right, 34 his mm walks him t schl.
Having their wn 35 , the family is getting their life back n track.
21．A．lstB．desiredC．pursuedD．discussed
22．A．parkedB．teamedC．placedD．cnnected
23．A．partedB．managedC．struggledD．prmised
24．A．ccasinallyB．unexpectedlyC．purpsefullyD．suddenly
25．A．persuadedB．requiredC．remindedD．allwed
26．A．availableB．expensiveC．cnvenientD．cmfrtable
27．A．withB．frC．inD．frm
28．A．clientsB．applicantsC．prgramsD．ptins
29．A．refrmingB．accessingC．perfrmingD．ffering
30．A．giftB．cntractC．sptD．bnus
31．A．keepB．increaseC．cllectD．pay
32．A．missB．celebrateC．spendD．save
33．A．bservingB．cuttingC．clringD．ding
34．A．nceB．whileC．befreD．since
35．A．privacyB．spaceC．timeD．business
三、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Zenghuyi Chimes are an enrmus musical instrument dating frm China’s Warring States Perid. This set f chimes is 36 (particular) large. Its frame is 7. 48 metres lng and 2. 65 metres high with 65 bells 37 (suspend) frm it.
One characteristic that sets these chimes apart frm thers is that they can play nt nly the five-tne scale, but als the seven-tne scale. Their unique val design 38 (mean) that each bell can prduce tw different tnes 39 (depend) n where it is struck. This was a grundbreaking 40 (discver) fr the study f ancient Chinese music because befre the appearance f this instrument, peple thught that Greece was 41 the seven-tne scale first appeared.
The Zenghuyi Chimes have been played three times 42 the set was unearthed. The first time was in Wuhan, the year it was discvered. The secnd was at the Natinal Museum f China in Beijing in 1979 t cmmemrate the 30th anniversary f the funding f ur cuntry. The third 43 (recrd) in 1997, which was then edited int a perfrmance f symphnic music 44 (mark) the return f Hng Kng t China.
The Zenghuyi Chimes are 45 genuine miracle nt nly because they infrm us abut the rituals and music f ancient China, but als because they demnstrate the highest level f brnze casting techniques.
四、书信写作
46．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你和你校交换生Jim准备联合参加学校组织的校园文创设计大赛(Campus Cultural and Creative Design Cmpetitin), 请给Jim发邮件，内容包括：
1. 分享你的创意;
2. 询问Jim的建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右;
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The sun was setting ver Springdale, casting shadws acrss the busy cmmunity center. A grup f teenagers, the members f the Springdale Yuth Cmmittee, gathered at a table. They lked determined and wrried. Amng them was Emily, a smart but ften unnticed girl wh lves helping thers.
Fr weeks, they had been rganizing a fundraising event fr the lcal hmeless shelter, as the shelter struggled t assist the increasing number f individuals seeking help. The big day was ne week away, and everything was set — until they discvered anther grup had a similar charity event n the same day. This culd divide the peple wh might cme and the dnatins they hped t get.
“We can’t change the date nw,” said Tm, a senir member, his vice filled with frustratin. “We’ve already sent ut invitatins, and the place is bked.” Emily listened quietly t the discussin. She knew changing the date wasn’t pssible, but she als realized cmpeting with anther wrthy cause culd hurt bth sides.
After the meeting ended withut a slutin, Emily decided t take actin. She spent the next day lking int ways t wrk with the ther grup, hping t find a way that wuld help bth the hmeless shelter and the ther cause.
The next day, she came t the cmmittee with a suggestin. “What if we jin ur events?” she asked. “We culd share resurces, wrk tgether n prmting, and mst imprtantly, make sure bth causes are supprted by the cmmunity.”
The members lked at each ther, sme dubtful, thers interested. “That’s a great idea, Emily, but hw will we get them t agree?” Laura, anther member, asked. Emily had already thught this thrugh. “I’ll talk t their rganizer and shw them the benefits f a jint event.” She knew the path ahead wuld be challenging, but she was determined t make it happen fr Springdale and its peple.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Para 1 The cmmittee agreed t let Emily lead this effrt.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para 2 After days f negtiatin, Emily finally gt a psitive reply.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．D 2．C 3．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本书的情况。
1．细节理解题。根据第一部分“4.47 ut f 5 stars(满分5分4.47分)”；第二部分“4.11 ut f 5 stars (满分5分4.11分)”；第三部分“4.19 ut f 5 stars(满分5分4.19分)”和第四部分“4.15 ut f 5 stars(满分5分4.15分)”可知，The Pwer f Habit获得最高评级。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据The Bk f Jy by Emma Green and Jhn Reynld部分中“In this delightful bk, Emma Green, a respected life cach, and Jhn Reynld, a renwned psychlgist, share insights int finding lasting happiness. Their engaging cnversatins, filled with wisdm and humr, ffer a rad map t living a jyful life despite challenges.(在这本令人愉快的书中，受人尊敬的生活教练艾玛·格林和著名心理学家约翰·雷诺分享了寻找持久幸福的见解。他们迷人的对话，充满智慧和幽默，提供了一个路线图，尽管面临挑战，仍能过上快乐的生活)”可知，艾玛·格林和约翰·雷诺的书以生动的讨论吸引读者。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段“Are yu lking fr yur next great read? Whether it’s fr persnal grwth, inspiratin, r an escape int an imaginative wrld, these newly released bks have smething fr everyne.(你在寻找你的下一本好书吗？无论是个人成长，灵感，还是逃避到一个充满想象力的世界，这些新出版的书都适合每个人)”结合文章主要介绍了四本书的情况。可知，这篇文章的写作目的是推荐一些有质量的书。故选C。
4．D 5．C 6．D 7．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者在协助摄影师David Liittschwager拍摄海洋生物的过程中，改变了对摄影的看法，认识到摄影不仅是记录，还能拓展视觉感知。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段的“My rle was t cllect specimens fr him t phtgraph. Every night, I wuld cast a flating lamp. Like mths drawn t a flame, mysterius creatures wuld emerge frm the depths in search f this light. I’d then set up aquariums t huse them as they waited fr David t take their sht.(我的职责是收集标本供他拍照。每天晚上，我都会投一盏浮灯。就像飞蛾被火焰吸引一样，神秘的生物会从深处出现，寻找这种光。然后，我为它们搭建了水族馆，让它们在等待大卫拍摄时栖息)”可知，作者的任务是吸引和收集海洋生物的物种，供David的拍照。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段的“But David’s phtgraph f this flunder revealed a universe f detail that even my eager eyes had missed. His macr lens magnified its ribs (肋骨). The lightning-fast expsure frze its mtin. A precisely aimed light released the rainbw hidden in its skin. And the black backgrund remved all distractins t fcus ur attentin n the quiet beauty at hand.(但大卫的这张比目鱼照片揭示了一个细节的宇宙，即使是我热切的眼睛也错过了。他的微距镜头放大了它的肋骨。闪电般的曝光冻结了它的运动。一束精确瞄准的光线释放出隐藏在它皮肤里的彩虹。黑色背景消除了所有干扰，使我们的注意力集中在眼前的宁静美景上)”可知，大卫的照片展示了比目鱼的许多细节，这些细节是作者之前没有注意到的。由此可知，作者对小比目鱼的照片感到惊讶是因为它展示了全面的细节。故选C。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Befre wrking fr David, I had assumed the gal f phtgraphy was simply t reprduce an bservatin s that thers culd share the same experience. It had never ccurred t me that phtgraphy culd expand ur visual perceptin and therefre teach us t lk at the wrld frm new perspectives.(在为大卫工作之前，我曾认为摄影的目标只是再现观察结果，以便其他人可以分享同样的经历。我从未想过摄影可以扩展我们的视觉感知，从而教会我们从新的角度看待世界)”可知，在为大卫工作之前，作者认为摄影的目标仅仅是再现观察，以便其他人分享相同的体验。但这段经历让他意识到摄影可以扩展我们的视觉感知，教我们从新的视角看待世界。由此推可知，这次经历改变了作者对摄影的看法。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It had never ccurred t me that phtgraphy culd expand ur visual perceptin and therefre teach us t lk at the wrld frm new perspectives.(我从未想过摄影可以扩展我们的视觉感知，从而教会我们从新的角度看待世界)”可推知，摄影的真正魔力在于帮助人们以新的视角看待世界。故选B。
8．C 9．D 10．D 11．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。Grwing Undergrund公司使用水培技术在地下打造种植农场。
8．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In fact, the cmpany said that its hydrpnic technlgy allws fr the perfect pest-free grwing envirnment.(事实上，该公司表示，其水培技术可以提供完美的无害虫的生长环境)”可知，在地下农场中使用水培技术可以打造无害虫的植物生长环境。由此推知，正是水培技术使得地下农场成为可能。故选C项。
9．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Already, LEDs allw the grwers t change the flavr f the greens, as their sugars and starches develp differently under different light spectrums.(LED已经可以让种植者改变绿色蔬菜的味道，因为它们的糖和淀粉在不同的光谱下发育不同。)”可推知，LED照明系统为地下农场提供了多样化的光谱，让糖分和淀粉在不同的光谱下发生不同的变化，从而改变绿色蔬菜的味道。故选D项。
10．词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“the cmpany nly sells greens with a lt f leaves because they are the nly crps that grw fast enugh...”可知，该公司目前仅销售多叶的绿色蔬菜，这是因为它们长得足够快，再结合常识和副词ecnmically可推知，销售长得快的蔬菜是为了实现经济上的可行性。划线词feasible与achievable意思相近，指“可实现的，可行的”。故选D项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They currently sell t lcal restaurants in Lndn, but they hpe t be entering the lcal grceries sn.(他们目前在伦敦当地的餐馆销售，但他们希望很快进入当地的杂货店。)”可推知，公司希望地下农场生产处的蔬菜能够在更多的地方普及，从而能够惠及更多客户。故选A项。
12．A 13．C 14．B 15．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学研究被期望快速进展的困境，并指出这种快节奏的研究可能会带来的问题。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段“A theme at this year’s Wrld Ecnmic Frum (WEF) meeting in Switzerland was the perceived need t “speed up breakthrughs in research and technlgy.” Sme f this framing was mtivated by the climate emergency, sme by the pprtunities and challenges presented by generative artificial intelligence. Yet in varius cnversatins, it seemed t be taken fr granted that t address the wrld’s prblems, scientific research needs t mve faster.”（今年在瑞士举行的世界经济论坛(WEF)会议的一个主题是人们认为有必要“加快研究和技术的突破”。其中一些框架是由气候紧急情况推动的，另一些是由可生成人工智能带来的机遇和挑战推动的。然而，在各种对话中，人们似乎理所当然地认为，要解决世界上的问题，科学研究需要加快步伐。）可知，在瑞士召开的世界经济论坛会议主张，研究人员需要更快地取得突破。故选A项。
13．推理判断题。根据第四段“It’s impssible t answer this questin scientifically because there’s n scientific definitin f what cnstitutes “rushing. ”But there’s little dubt that we live in a culture where academics at leading universities are under tremendus pressure t prduce results — and a lt f them — quickly.”（科学地回答这个问题是不可能的，因为对于什么是“匆忙”并没有科学的定义。但毫无疑问的是，我们生活在这样一种文化中：一流大学的学者们承受着巨大的压力，必须迅速做出成果——而且是大量成果）可知，C选项“知名学者的巨大成果。”只能解释成果巨大，并不能解释良好的科学需要时间。故选C项。
14．词句猜测题。根据第五段“The prblem is nt unique t the U. S. In Eurpe, frmal research assessments — which are used t allcate (分配) future funding — have fr years judged academic departments largely n the quantity f their utput. A recent refrm urging an emphasis n quality ver quantity allwed that the existing system had created “cunterincentives.””（这个问题并不是美国独有的。在欧洲，正式的研究评估——用于分配未来的资金——多年来主要是根据学术部门的产出数量来评判他们。最近的一项改革敦促强调质量而不是数量，承认现有系统产生了“cunterincentives”。）可知，“cunterincentives”指的现有强调数量的系统会对强调高质量的论文产生抑制作用，因此划线词指的是“对高质量论文的抑制”的意思。故选B项。
15．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“There’s plenty f circumstantial evidence that scientists and ther schlars are pushing results ut far faster than they used t. Cnsider the sheer vlume f academic papers being published these days. One recent study put the number at mre than seven millin a year, cmpared with fewer than a millin as recently as 1980. Sme f this grwth is driven by mre scientists and mre c-authrship f papers, but the numbers als suggest that the research wrld has priritized quantity ver quality. Researchers may need t slw dwn if we are t prduce knwledge wrthy f trust.”（有大量的间接证据表明，科学家和其他学者推出结果的速度比过去快得多。想想最近发表的学术论文的数量吧。最近的一项研究显示，这一数字每年超过700万，而就在1980年，这一数字还不到100万。这一增长部分是由更多的科学家和更多的论文合著者推动的，但这些数字也表明，研究界更看重数量而不是质量。如果我们要产生值得信任的知识，研究人员可能需要放慢速度。）可知，文章主要介绍了科学研究被期望快速进展的困境，并指出这种快节奏的研究可能会带来的问题。所以短文的标题为“快车道上的问题”。故选D项。
16．A 17．G 18．B 19．E 20．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了虚拟实习的一些好处。
16．根据上文“Virtual internships (实习) are nw a cmmn ccurrence as we adjust t the “new nrmal” when it cmes t wrking.(随着我们适应工作的“新常态”，虚拟实习现在已经很常见了)”以及后文“Still, there are many psitives that can cme frm virtual internships that yu shuld cnsider.(不过，虚拟实习也有很多好处值得你考虑)”可知，后文提到了虚拟实习的好处，空处和后文是转折关系，可知本句是在说明虚拟实习的缺点。故A选项“话虽如此，它很容易被视为负面影响”符合语境，故选A。
17．根据后文“It shwcases yur ability t manage yur time effectively and handle tasks n yur wn. Besides, securing glwing recmmendatins frm a remte emplyer highlights skills yu gained thrugh remte wrk.(它展示了你有效管理时间和独立处理任务的能力。此外，从远程雇主那里获得热情洋溢的推荐信可以突出你通过远程工作获得的技能)”可知，本段主要说明了远程工作可以增加工作经验，故G选项“至于建立专业形象，远程工作确实可以推销你的经验”符合语境，故选G。
18．根据上文“Having a jb can cst quite a bit when yu take the cmmute (通勤) int cnsideratin. With remte wrk, the csts are significantly lwer, if they exist at all.(如果把通勤时间考虑在内，有一份工作可能要花很多钱。有了远程工作，成本就大大降低了，如果有的话)”可知，本句承接上文，说明在家工作不需要通勤的好处。故B选项“你可以在舒适的家里上班，不需要通勤”符合语境，故选B。
19．根据上文“Additinally, withut that cmmute, yu gain sme extra time t get things dne that yu therwise wuldn’t have been able t. This includes many things, such as watching yur favrite shws and cking hmemade meals n a nightly basis.(此外，没有通勤，你获得了一些额外的时间来完成你本来无法完成的事情。这包括很多事情，比如看你最喜欢的节目，晚上做自己做的饭菜)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，推测是在说明有时间做自己喜欢做的事情所产生的影响。故E选项“这看起来不多，但额外的时间可以真正改变游戏规则”符合语境，故选E。
20．根据上文“Lastly, keep in mind that a virtual internship is still an internship. Experience is experience, n matter hw yu btain it.(最后，请记住，虚拟实习仍然是实习。经验就是经验，不管你如何获得它)”以及后文“Fr that reasn, understand that a virtual internship is still experience, and that it’s still a feasible ptin t include n yur resume.(因此，你要明白，虚拟实习仍然是一种经历，它仍然是你简历上一个可行的选择)”可知，后文提到了虚拟实习所带来的好处，可知本句是在强调不应该错过虚拟实习的机会。故F选项“虽然你很容易忽略一次虚拟实习，但你却错过了一次机会”符合语境，故选F。
21．A 22．C 23．C 24．A 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．B 30．C 31．D 32．A 33．D 34．C 35．B
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一对夫妇在遭遇生意失败后，生活陷入困境，但通过一个名为Vila Reencntr的住房项目以及其他援助机会，他们逐渐重建生活的故事。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这对夫妇不得不关闭他们的生意时，他们几乎失去了一切。A. lst 失去；B. desired 渴望；C. pursued 追求；D. discussed 讨论。根据后文“With n wrk, hme, car r fd”可知，他们失去了一切。故选A项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有工作，没有家，没有车，没有食物，他们的小儿子Henrique被安置在祖母身边，他们挣扎着生存。A. parked 停放；B. teamed 合作；C. placed 安置；D. cnnected 连接。根据后文“Their sn is able t live with them again.”可知，此时应是让他们的小儿子Henrique安置在他的祖母家，和祖母住在一起。故选C项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有工作，没有家，没有车，没有食物，他们的小儿子Henrique被安置在祖母身边，他们挣扎着生存。A. parted 分开；B. managed 管理；C. struggled 挣扎；D. prmised 承诺。根据前文“With n wrk, hme, car r fd”可知，这对夫妇失去了一切，所以是挣扎着生存。故选C项。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们在火车站的地板上过夜，偶尔在避难所找到床位。A. ccasinally 偶尔地；B. unexpectedly 出乎意料地；C. purpsefully 有目的地；D. suddenly 突然地。根据前文“They spent nights n the flr at the railway statin”可知，他们一般在火车站的地板上过夜，所以应是偶尔在避难所找到床位。故选A项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个名为“Vila Reencntr”的住房项目允许他们浏览一份可供出租的潜在房屋清单，这样他们就能选择最适合自己家庭的房屋。A. persuaded 说服；B. required 要求；C. reminded 提醒；D. allwed 允许。根据后文“s they culd chse what wuld be the best fit 7 their family.”可知，他们能选择最适合自己家庭的房屋，所以是允许他们浏览一份可供出租的潜在房屋清单。故选D项。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个名为“Vila Reencntr”的住房项目允许他们浏览一份可供出租的潜在房屋清单，这样他们就能选择最适合自己家庭的房屋。A. available 可用的；B. expensive 昂贵的；C. cnvenient 方便的；D. cmfrtable 舒适的。根据后文“they decided t g with what they are nw in”可知，他们选择了现在的房子，所以应是可供出租的潜在房屋清单。故选A项。
27．考查介词词义辨析。句意：一个名为“Vila Reencntr”的住房项目允许他们浏览一份可供出租的潜在房屋清单，这样他们就能选择最适合自己家庭的房屋。A. with 和……一起；B. fr 为了；C. in 在……里；D. frm 从……。此处是固定搭配：be fit fr意为“适合”符合语境。故选B项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在看了几个选择之后，他们决定选择现在住的这个房子。A. clients 客户；B. applicants 申请人；C. prgrams 程序；D. ptins 选项。根据前文“lk thrugh a list f ptential hmes 6 t rent”可知骂他们看了一份清单，所以应是在看了几个选择之后，他们决定选择现在住的这个房子。故选D项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们还获得了其他机会，包括获得医疗保健和找工作。A. refrming 改革；B. accessing 访问；C. perfrming 执行；D. ffering 提供。根据后文“medical care and finding jbs”可知，是让他们获得医疗服务和找工作。medical care一般和access搭配。故选B项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lee Susa获得了该市环卫部门的一个职位——他至今仍在那里工作。A. gift 礼物；B. cntract 合同；C. spt 职位；D. bnus 奖金。根据后文“in the city’s sanitatin department (卫生部门) — which he still has tday.”可知，是给Lee Susa提供了一个职位。故选C项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：住房计划将为他们支付未来两年的房租。A. keep 保持；B. increase 增加；C. cllect 收集；D. pay 支付。根据前文可知这对夫妇失去了一切以及“they decided t g with what they are nw in”他们选择一个住房，所以应是住房计划将为他们支付未来两年的房租。故选D项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在学校的表现特别好，从来不想缺席一天。A. miss 错过；B. celebrate 庆祝；C. spend 花费；D. save 节省。根据前文“And he has been ding exceptinally well at schl”可知，他们的小儿子在学校的表现特别好，所以不想缺课。故选A项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，在妈妈送他去学校之前，他都会不慌不忙地做头发，确保卷发恰到好处。A. bserving 观察；B. cutting 切割；C. clring 着色；D. ding 做。根据后文“making sure the curls (卷发) are just right”可知，他每天早上都会做头发。故选D项。
34．考查连词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，在妈妈送他去学校之前，他都会不慌不忙地做头发，确保卷发恰到好处。A. nce 一旦；B. while 当……时；C. befre 在……之前；D. since 自从。根据前文“Every mrning he takes his time 13 his hair, making sure the curls (卷发) are just right”可知，应是在去学校之前做头发。故选C项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了自己的空间，这个家庭的生活又回到了正轨。A. privacy 隐私；B. space 空间；C. time 时间；D. business 生意。根据前文“they decided t g with what they are nw in”可知，他们有了自己的房子，也就是自己的空间。故选B项。
36．particularly 37．suspended 38．means 39．depending 40．discvery 41．where 42．since 43．was recrded 44．t mark 45．a
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了曾侯乙编钟这一中国战国时期的大型乐器，包括其尺寸、特点、演奏历史以及它在研究中国古代音乐方面的重要性。
36．考查副词。句意：这套编钟特别大。提示词修饰形容词large，用副词particularly作状语，意为“特别，尤其”。故填particularly。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：它的框架长7.48米，高2.65米，有65个铃铛悬挂在上面。“with 65 bells (suspend) frm it”是with复合结构作状语，suspend(悬挂)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语bells之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动，作后置定语。故填suspended。
38．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它们独特的椭圆形设计意味着每个铃铛可以根据敲击的位置发出两种不同的音调。提示词mean(意味着)是谓语动词，与主语之间是主动关系，结合句意，本句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时的主动语态，主语design是单数名词，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。故填means。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：它们独特的椭圆形设计意味着每个铃铛可以根据敲击的位置发出两种不同的音调。“(depend) n where it is struck”作状语，depend n(取决于)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语each bell之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表主动，作状语。故填depending。
40．考查名词。句意：这对于研究中国古代音乐来说是一项开创性的发现，因为在这件乐器出现之前，人们认为希腊是七音阶首先出现的地方。提示词作表语，用名词discvery，意为“发现”，且前文有不定冠词a修饰，应用单数形式。故填discvery。
41．考查表语从句。句意：这对于研究中国古代音乐来说是一项开创性的发现，因为在这件乐器出现之前，人们认为希腊是七音阶首先出现的地方。分析句子结构可知，“_____ the seven-tne scale first appeared”为表语从句，结合句意，表示“希腊在这个地方出现”，从句中缺少地点状语，应用连接副词where引导该从句，并作地点状语。故填where。
42．考查状语从句和连词。句意：自出土以来，曾侯乙编钟已经被演奏过三次。分析句子结构可知，此处应用连词连接两个句子，结合句意可知，此处表示“自从……以来”，应用since引导时间状语从句。故填since。
43．考查时态和语态。句意：第三次是在1997年录制的，后来被编辑成一场交响乐表演，以纪念香港回归中国。recrd(录制)是主句谓语动词，与主语The third之前是被动关系，根据时间状语in 1997可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数名词，谓语动词也应用单数形式。故填was recrded。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：第三次是在1997年录制的，后来被编辑成一场交响乐表演，以纪念香港回归中国。根据句意，“(mark) the return f Hng Kng t China”是“was then edited int a perfrmance f symphnic music”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填t mark。
45．考查冠词。句意：曾侯乙编钟是一个真正的奇迹，不仅因为它们让我们了解了古代中国的仪式和音乐，还因为它们展示了最高水平的青铜铸造技术。可数名词miracle在句中表示“一个奇迹”，泛指，且genuine是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
46．Dear Jim,
Hw is it ging? I’ve just had a “light bulb” mment fr ur entry in the upcming Campus Cultural and Creative Design Cmpetitin, and I can’t wait t share it with yu t get yur thughts.
Hw abut creating a series f bkmarks? On ne side, we’ll have ur schl mtt, and n the flip side, breathtaking illustratins shwcase ur campus thrughut the fur seasns. Each bkmark will capture a special mment r scene that perfectly reflects the essence f that particular seasn. I really think this idea nt nly nails the cmpetitin theme but als ffers a practical yet visually stunning prduct that truly represents the spirit f ur schl.
What d yu think? Wuld lve t hear yur thughts and any suggestins yu might have!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给Jim发邮件，介绍你参加校园文创设计大赛的创意。
【详解】1.词汇积累
比赛：cmpetitin→cntest
……怎样：hw abut→what abut
建议：suggestin→advice
本质：essence→nature
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Wuld lve t hear yur thughts and any suggestins yu might have!
拓展句：If yu have any better thughts r suggestins, dn’t hesitate t cntact me.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Each bkmark will capture a special mment r scene that perfectly reflects the essence f that particular seasn. (运用了that引导定语从句)
[高分句型2] I really think this idea nt nly nails the cmpetitin theme but als ffers a practical yet visually stunning prduct that truly represents the spirit f ur schl. (运用了nt nly…but als…句型)
47．范文
The cmmittee agreed t let Emily lead this effrt. As expected, the idea f partnering with the rival rganizatin met with ppsitin. The ther grup, prtective f their previus hard wrk, was initially reluctant t accept Emily’s prpsal. They wrried that their unique vice wuld be lst in the mix, insisting that their event shuld stand alne. Emily, unshaken, cntinued t highlight the benefits f partnership, emphasizing the ptential fr mre dnatins and increased cmmunity invlvement. It was a tugh sell, but Emily’s determinatin and the sund reasning f her plan gradually brke thrugh their initial reluctance.
After days f negtiatin, Emily finally gt a psitive reply. They had cme t realize the value in Emily’s prpsal and agreed t cllabrate. The tw teams began wrking tgether, pling their resurces and expertise t create a single, unified event. The result was an verwhelming success, attracting a larger crwd and fstering a sense f unity amng the participants. The substantial funds cllected prfundly benefited bth the hmeless shelter and the ther cause, shwing that when rganizatins put aside their differences and wrked tgether twards a cmmn gal, the pwer f cllabratin culd make a real difference.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了女孩艾米丽喜欢帮助别人，几个星期以来，他们一直在为当地的无家可归者收容所组织筹款活动，因为收容所正在努力帮助越来越多的寻求帮助的人。某次活动中，他们发现另一个团体在同一天举行了类似的慈善活动。这可能会把可能来的人和他们希望得到的捐款区分开来。最终在艾米丽的努力下，活动成功举行。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“委员会同意让艾米丽领导这项工作”可知，第一段可描写艾米丽为活动的成功举行所付出的努力。
②由第二段首句内容“经过几天的谈判，艾米丽终于得到了肯定的答复”可知，第二段可描写活动成功举行，筹集到了善款。
2.续写线索：同意让艾米丽领导——艾米丽坚持合作——得到肯定答复——一起合作——活动成功——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①接受：accept/embrace
②担心：wrry/cncern
③强调：emphasize/stress
情绪类
①不愿意的：reluctant/unwilling
②艰难：tugh/difficult
【点睛】[高分句型1] They wrried that their unique vice wuld be lst in the mix, insisting that their event shuld stand alne. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] The result was an verwhelming success, attracting a larger crwd and fstering a sense f unity amng the participants. (运用了现在分词作状语)
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
D
C
C
D
C
D
B
C
D
D
题号
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
答案
A
A
C
B
D
A
G
B
E
F
题号
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
答案
A
C
C
A
D
A
B
D
B
C
题号
31
32
33
34
35





答案
D
A
D
C
B