专题01 题型策略-细节理解题-2025年中考英语一轮复习阅读理解精讲精练(通用版)

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（2024·浙江·中考真题）Every year, lts f animals arund the wrld g n migrating (迁徙) jurneys. Sme need t find fd; thers are lking fr smewhere t prduce and raise their yung. Migratins can be lng and difficult fr animals, but new research n birds has fund that farmland alng the way can help their prgress.
In spring, hundreds f thusands f birds living near Lake Pyang, in China, fly nrth t Siberia, Russia. On the way, they find places t stp and eat t keep their energy levels up fr the lng jurney. Sme birds, such as geese, eat yung grass that starts t grw at the beginning f the seasn. This fd can last fr nly a few weeks. And rising temperatures caused by climate change can smetimes make the grass grw earlier than usual. This means that sme birds are arriving t late t eat the grass. As mre land is used fr farming, the natural wetlands where birds like t search fr fd are disappearing, t.
A team f researchers have recently chsen t fllw 246 birds, including geese and tundra swans, that are flying frm Lake Pyang t Sberia. They find that the birds have changed their diets t adapt (适应) t the envirnments they pass thrugh. As well as eating grass frm the wetlands alng the way, the birds are als eating seeds (种子) drpped by farmers.
The researchers believe that seeds will becme a mre imprtant part f migrating birds’ diets as mre natural wetlands disappear. They suggest that if farmers use different ways f harvesting, such as using machines that leave behind mre seeds in fields, it culd help t feed migrating birds. Hwever, they als say wetlands must be prtected, s the birds can enjy different fds during their lng jurneys.
1. Which can be a reasn fr animal migratin accrding t Paragraph 1?
A. Raising their babies.B. Enjying the jurney.
C. Sending fd t thers.D. Taking care f the ld.
2. What prblem might the birds meet when flying frm Lake Pyang t Siberia?
A. There is n grass grwing alng the way.
B. There is a sudden drp in temperature n the way.
C. Fewer natural wetlands are left fr them t find fd.
D. Sme f the birds set ut early and eat t much grass.
3. Hw des the birds adapt t the envirnments they pass thrugh?
A. By changing their diets.B. By changing the way they fly.
C. By making their hmes in wetlands.D. By making friends with farmers.
4. What can be the best title f the text?
A. Stp killing, stp pllutingB. Save water, save life
C. Birds help harvesting wrkD. Farms help migrating birds
【答案与解析】本文主要讲述了农田如何帮助迁徙的鸟类。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Sme need t find fd; thers are lking fr smewhere t prduce and raise their yung.”可知，动物迁徙的原因之一是为了繁殖和抚养后代。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据“As mre land is used fr farming, the natural wetlands where birds like t search fr fd are disappearing, t.”可知，鸟类在迁徙途中可能面临的问题是自然湿地的减少，导致觅食困难。故选C。
3. 细节理解题。根据“They find that the birds have changed their diets t adapt (适应) t the envirnments they pass thrugh.”可知，鸟类通过改变饮食来适应经过的环境。故选A。
4. 最佳标题题。根据文章内容，尤其是“farmland alng the way can help their prgress”以及“seeds will becme a mre imprtant part f migrating birds’ diets”可知，文章主要讲述了农田如何帮助迁徙的鸟类。故选D。
知识积累
细节理解题主要考查对文章(或某一段落)中某特定事实信息的捕捉和理解能力，通常包括直接细节理解题 和间接细节理解题。直接细节理解题在原文中可直接找到答案， 常用 wh ， what，when，where，why 和 hw 等提问。说明文和叙述文的阅读题有相当一部分是此类题。间接细节理解题需要通过有关词语和句子 的转换， 依靠主要事实、图表、图形来获取信息， 然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系进行加工或整 理后方能得出结论， 此类试题在中考试题中占大多数。抓住文章或段落中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其他类型题的基础。常见的技巧方法一般有如下几类：
【策略1】线索句定位法
所谓线索句，就是为我们提供正确答案的线索，对线索句的精准定位，是阅读高分的秘诀。
首先，英语阅读的试题顺序往往对应着段落顺序，按照出题顺序，依次往下找，就能迅速定位到段落；其 次，定位到段后，粗略对比，迅速找到与试题所给句子中单词/短语重复较多的目标句；最后，将目标句与
试题选项的句子仔细比对，找出区别，逐个排除错误项，定位答案。
【典例示例】
T hld a pajama party, the hst will usually plan sme fun activities such as watching mvies and playing bard games and vide games. He r she shuld als prepare sme delicius snacks and fun fd like pizza. Guests at a pajama party shuld bring their wn pajamas, tthbrushes, pillws and blankets. But if they frget
smething, they dn't need t wrry because the hst will give them what they need.
If a pajama party is mainly fr fun, a prm is n dubt a very imprtant thing in mst American schls. A prm is a frmal dance party that is held at a high schl. The party is usually held near the end f the senir year, the last year f high schl, s it is ften called graduatin (毕业) dance. Students shuld wear frmal clthes at
the prm...
2. The students at a prm.
A. wear frmal clthes B. wear pajama C. play fun games D. are all surprised
【策略分析】
Step1：定位到段：第一题的答案出现在第一段中，第二题可以顺着段落顺序，定位到第二段；
Step2：定位到句：根据题干中出现的 students/at a prm，迅速定位到目标句 “Students shuld wear frmal
clthes at the prm.”；
Step3：定位答案：根据目标句中的 shuld wear frmal clthes 确定答案为 A
【策略2】语意转换法
【典例示例】
Fifty-seven years ag Barbie Millicent Rberts first came ut in the wrld f tys. Since then, Barbie dll, as
everyne called her, has becme the mst famus ty dll in histry. Her parent, the Mattel Cmpany, said that
90% f all American girls between 3 and 10 have at least ne Barbie at hme.
Hwever, Barbie is facing sme truble at present. There are many dlls n the market in cmpetitin with her. Anther dll named Bratz, fr example, came t life seventeen years ag. She lks mre like tday's pp stars with heavy makeup (浓妆) and miniskirts.
Barbie's truble is that .
A. it wears heavy makeup and miniskirts
B. ther dlls are mre ppular with girls
C. ther dlls are trying t beat her in the market
D. it is mre expensive than the ther dlls
【策略分析】
Step1：定位到段：题干中的核心词是 Barbie's truble，故可定位至第二段。
Step2：定位到句：根据 truble，可定位至目标句“ Hwever, Barbie is facing sme truble at present. There are
many dlls n the market in cmpetitin with her.”
Step3：定位答案：根据第二段Barbie is facing sme truble at present. There are many dlls n the market in cmpetitin with her.可知，芭比娃娃面临的问题是：市场上有许多洋娃娃和她竞争(in cmpetitin with)，也
就是这些洋娃娃正试图在市场上打败(beat)她，确定答案为 A。
【策略3】选项 vs 原文比对法
比对法常用于正误判断类试题， 就是以文章为依据， 对选项中所涉及的内容做出正误判断， 可能是针对某
一细节，也可能是针对文章大意等。主要考查学生对多处细节或段落大意，文章大意的理解能力。
【典例示例】
Everybdy needs water. Everything needs water. We use water t wash bwls, clthes and urselves.
Where des all water cme frm? It cmes frm the cluds. Sme f the rain sinks(渗入) int the grund.
Many peple get water frm the grund.
Sme rain water cmes dwn the muntains int streams(小溪). The streams cme tgether t make lakes. Many peple get water frm these lakes. Water can change itself. When water gets very cld, it becmes ice.
When water gets very ht, it becmes steam.
Which is True?
A. Animals need water, t.
B. All rain water becmes streams.
C. When it is ht, stream becmes steam.
D. When it is ht, water becmes ice.
【策略分析】
Step1：逐条分析四个选项，在文中定位对应的线索局：
A. Animals need water, t. 动物也需要水
根据第一段“ Everybdy needs water. Everything needs water. ”可知每个人都需要水， 每样东西都需要水， 包
括动物。故 A 正确。
B. All rain water becmes streams. 所有的雨水都变成了溪流。
根据第二段“Sme f the rain sinks（渗入）int the grund. Many peple get water frm the grund.”可知有些
雨水渗入地下，许多人从地下取水。故 B 错误。
C. When it is ht, stream becmes steam. 当天气热的时候，水流变成了蒸汽。
D. When it is ht, water becmes ice. 当天气热的时候，水变成冰。
根据第三段“When water gets very ht, it becmes steam.”可知当水变得很热的时候， 就会变成蒸汽。故 C 和
D 错误。
Step2：定位答案：结合选项分析可知，确定答案为 A。
【策略4】逻辑顺序厘清法
逻辑顺序厘清法， 就是根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系， 找出事件发生、
发展的正确顺序。主要考查学生对文章细节中事物发展顺序的理解能力。
【典例示例】
While at the beach this afternn, I met a by called Bb. We talked a lt. He said that it was fun playing n the cliffs(悬崖). I tld him that I was nt allwed t g near that place (Mum and Dad had always tld me it was dangerus t play there). He called me a cward. I wanted t prve t him that I was just as brave as him, s I
agreed t g with him.
We wanted t make ur way dwn t explre(探索) the area. S Bb started t climb dwn and I fllwed him. Unluckily, sme rcks came dwn after us. One f them nearly hit my head. We culd nt get back up. We shuted and shuted fr help, but fr a lng time n help came. I was really scared. I wanted t cry. Then, we heard sme sunds. Smene had heard us. A wman tied a rpe arund herself while a man at the cliff tp held
the rpe. She made her way dwn t save us.
My parents were relieved(宽慰的) that I wasn't hurt, but they were angry that I had dne such a dangerus
thing. I aplgized and prmised that I wuld nt d anything like that again.
In what rder did the events happen?
a. Sme rcks came dwn.
b. The writer fllwed Bb.
c. The writer wanted t cry.
d. A man and a wman saved them.
e. The writer and Bb heard sme sunds.
A. a-b-c-d-e B. b-a-c-e-d C. a-c-b-e d D. b-c-a-e-d
【策略分析】
Step1：理解 a-e 题干描述的事件：a. Sme rcks came dwn. 一些石头掉了下来；b. The writer fllwed Bb. 作家跟着鲍勃；c. The writer wanted t cry.这位作家想哭；d. A man and a wman saved them. 一男一女
救了他们； e. The writer and Bb heard sme sunds. 作家和鲍勃听到了一些声音。
Step2：通读文章理出事件发生的顺序：通读全文可知作者遇到了 Bb，才跟随 Bb 去了悬崖上，所以选项 b 排在最前， 一些岩石掉下来， 遇到了危险， 因为害怕想哭， 所以 a，c 排在 b 的后面。接着作者跟 Bb 听
到了声音，最后一个男人跟一个女人救了他们，所以 e ，d 排在末尾；
Step3：定位答案：结合选项和文章进行排序可知，确定正确答案为 B。
【策略5】数字计算法
【典例示例】
Shared chargers (共享充电宝) have already appeared at 37 sites in Xi'an. Peple in Xi'an can find them in places like restaurants and shpping malls.
Hw t enjy the special service? That's easy! Users can scan a QR cde (扫描二维码) n a machine t rent ne f the chargers. Of curse, befre using, users need t pay a depsit ( 押金) f 100 yuan. But if a user's Alipay-based Zhima credit scre is ver 600, he r she desn't have t pay a depsit. The chargers are free t use fr the first hur, and will cst 1 yuan per hur after that. Yu can spend at mst 10 yuan a day. S dn't wrry abut the cst!
Jim used a shared charger fr 3 hurs fr the first time and he shuld pay fr it.
A.1 yuan B.2 yuan C.3 yuan D.10 yuan
【策略分析】
Step1：定位到段：结合题干和选项可知， 本题需要根据共享充电宝的使用价格进行解答， 可定位至第二段。 Step2：定位到句：根据 和选项快速定位至关键句“The chargers are free t use fr the first hur, and will
cst 1 yuan per hur after that.”。
Step3：定位答案：根据... free t use fr the first hur, and will cst 1 yuan per hur after that.可知，共享充电 宝第一小时免费使用，之后每小时 1 元。吉姆用了共享充电宝三小时，他最后应该付 2 元。确定答案为B。
突破练习
1
（2024·海南省直辖县级单位·二模）Hw d we knw the time? A clck, a watch r a mbile phne can help us. Hwever, many years ag there were n clcks and knwing the time was nt s easy. Over the centuries peple have develped different ways f telling the time.
Abut 5500 years ag, the Egyptians invented the sun clck. This was a tall stne building. Its shadw (影子) shwed the mvement f the sun. S peple were able t knw midday. The Egyptians made a sundial abut 3500 years ag. It was smaller than the sun clck and culd let peple knw the time fr half a day. On cludy days r at night it was impssible t tell the time with a sun clck r a sundial. Water clcks were the first clcks nt t use the sun. The idea is simple. Water flws (流动) frm ne bttle t anther. When the water reaches a certain level, it shws the hurs. The Egyptians used water clcks abut 3400 years ag. These clcks were ppular in the Middle East and China. But they failed t make peple knw the exact time.
In the 13th century, the mechanical clck was invented. This was mre exact, but it was expensive t make ne. Over the next few centuries, it was develped. Fr example, springs (发条) were added arund 1500. This enabled peple t get the crrect time and allwed clcks t be smaller. In 1927, the first quartz watch was develped. Clcks became cheaper t make. It’s als cheaper fr rdinary peple t wn a clck. Peple began depending n them mre and mre t run businesses, markets and s n. Mre recently, in 1956, came the digital clck. And nwadays satellites send ur mbile phnes the time t the exact secnd.
There has been a lt f prgress in timekeeping. Clcks are always changing but sme things never change. Many f us still have truble getting ut f bed n time and nt being late fr schl r wrk.
1. Accrding t the passage, we can’t use a ________ tell the time n a rainy day.
A. water clckB. sun clckC. digital clck
2. What’s the meaning f the underlined wrd “rdinary” in the third paragraph?
A. 现代的B. 特殊的C. 普通的
3. Hw many kinds f clcks are mentined in the passage?
A. Fur.B. Six.C. Seven.
4. Which f the fllwing shws the structure (结构) f the passage?（①＝Paragraph 1②＝Paragraph 2. . . ）
A. B. C.
5. What des the passage mainly talk abut?
A. The imprtance f time.
B. The develpment f timekeeping.
C. The inventins f clcks.
【答案与解析】本文主要讲述了人类对时间测量技术的发展历程。从古代埃及的日晷到机械钟，再到现代的数字钟，描述了时间计量工具的演变及其对人们生活的影响。
1. 细节理解题。根据“On cludy days r at night it was impssible t tell the time with a sun clck r a sundial.”可知，日晷在阴天无法使用。故选B。
2. 词义猜测题。根据“Clcks became cheaper t make. It’s als cheaper fr rdinary peple t wn a clck.”可知，钟表制作成本降低，普通人也可以拥有，这表明“rdinary”意思为普通的。故选C。
3. 细节理解题。文中提到了六种计时装置：sun clck, sundial, water clck, mechanical clck, quartz watch, digital clck。故选B。
4. 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第1段引入计时，2、3段讲述古代计时方法的发展，第4段讲述现代计时工具。故选A。
5. 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了计时工具的演变及其发展过程。故选B。
2
（2024·广东肇庆·二模）During ancient times, children didn’t have smartphnes, iPads r cmputers t have fun when they felt bred. Instead, they came up with interesting activities in their childhd. Have yu ever jined in these activities?
1. Accrding t the passage, ________ is ppular in the nrthern part f China.
A. kicking stne ballsB. playing hide- and- seek
C. flying kitesD. watching shadw plays
2. Hw many ways are mentined in the passage t play hide- and- seek?
A. 1.B. 2.C. 3.D. 4.
3. Frm the passage, we can knw that the earliest kites were made f ________.
A. paperB. wdC. irnD. clth
4. If children in ancient China wanted t “watch a film”, they culd chse _________.
A. B.
C. D.
5. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. Activities fr children in the ancient times.B. Ways t d exercise and have fun.
C. Ancient culture behind games.D. Hw t play jkes n thers.
【答案与解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了古代中国儿童在没有智能手机、iPad或电脑等现代娱乐设备的情况下，所参与的几种有趣的活动，包括踢石球、玩捉迷藏、放风筝和看皮影戏等。
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“During the Qing Dynasty, kicking a stne ball arund was a ppular game in the nrthern part f China, and it was ften played in winter t keep warm.”可知，在清朝时期，踢石球在中国北方是一种流行的游戏，并且经常在冬天玩以保持温暖。故选A。2. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“There were sme ways t play this game: cvering a child’s eyes while ther kids ran arund t play little tricks n him, r mre cmmnly, thers hid and ne child must try t find them.”可知，玩捉迷藏的方式有两种：一种是蒙住一个孩子的眼睛，其他孩子在他周围跑来跑去捉弄他；另一种更常见的方式是其他人藏起来，一个孩子必须努力找到他们。因此，文中提到了两种玩捉迷藏的方式。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Kites have quite a lng histry. The earliest kites were made f wd instead f paper.”可知，风筝有很长的历史，最早的风筝是用木头而不是纸做的。因此，最早的风筝是用木头制成的。故选B。
4. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The clsest thing t watching a film during ancient times was ging t see a shadw play.”可知，在古代，最接近看电影的事情就是去看皮影戏。因此，如果古代中国的孩子们想“看电影”，他们可以选择去看皮影戏。选项D的图片是皮影戏，故选D。
5. 主旨大意题。根据文章开头“During ancient times, children didn’t have smartphnes, iPads r cmputers t have fun when they felt bred. Instead, they came up with interesting activities in their childhd.”以及后续对几种古代儿童活动的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了古代中国儿童在没有现代娱乐设备的情况下所参与的几种有趣的活动。故选A。
3
（2024·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·三模）Peple ften use their muth and als sme bdy language t talk with each ther. When we have gd news, we want t talk abut it with ur gd friends and when smething bad happens, we make it knwn t thers sn. But d yu knw that sme trees can als talk abut news with each ther? Of curse, n trees mve lips and say wrds just as peple d. It may sund strange, but sme trees really try t talk with each ther in ther ways.
Willws (柳树) are the best-knwn f these trees. When insects begin biting a willw, the tree ends ut a special smell at nce. This smell tells the ther willws that harmful insects are cming near. All f them quickly make a chemical in their leaves. This chemical is bad fr the insects. The insects d nt like it and will fly away sn. In this way, the willws prtect themselves frm the insects. The next time when yu take a walk in the wds, maybe the trees are talking t each ther quietly. Hw magical nature is!
16 Frm Paragraph 1 we can knw ________.
A. few peple like using the bdy language t talk with each ther
B. sme trees can say wrds just as peple d
C. when sme bad things happen,we d n’t want t tell thers
D. sme trees can talk with each ther in ther ways
2. A willw uses ________t talk.
A. its smellB. its leavesC. its branchesD. its fruit
3. Which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A. Sme trees can talk abut news as peple d.
B. Willws can make the insects fly away by sending ut a special smell.
C. The willw’s talk can catch the insects.
D. The chemical in willws’ leaves is bad fr insects.
4. The underlined wrd “it” refers t ________ in Paragraph 2.
A. the leaveB. the chemicalC. the treeD. the insect
5. Where can we read this passage?
A. In a strybk.B. In a science bk.C. In a travel guide.D. In a sprts magazine.
【答案与解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了一个冷门的科学知识，柳树和人一样可以树叶间相互交流，当发现有害昆虫时，它们能利用树叶制作化学物质，让有害昆虫飞走。
1. 细节理解题。根据“It may sund strange, but sme trees really try t talk with each ther in ther ways.”可知，一些树真的可以用其他方式进行交流。故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据“When insects begin biting a willw, the trees end ut a special smell at nce. This smell tells the ther willws that harmful insects are cming near. ”可知,柳树是通过散发一股神奇的香味来进行相互交流的，比如有害虫来时，柳树就通过散发香气提醒彼此要提防有害的昆虫。故选A。
3. 细节理解题。根据“All f them quickly make a chemical in their leaves. This chemical is bad fr the insects.”可知，柳树树叶上的化学成分对昆虫有害。故选D。
4. 词义猜测题。根据上一句话“This chemical is bad fr the insects.”可知，昆虫不喜欢的其实就是柳树叶制造出来的化学物质，所以，下划线it指的是化学物质。故选B。
5. 判断推理题。根据“”It may sund strange, but sme trees really try t talk with each ther in ther ways.”和“When insects begin biting a willw, the tree sends ut a special smell at nce.This smell tells the ther willws that harmful insects are cming near.”及结合全文可知，这是说柳树通过树叶交流，利用树叶制作化学物质，让有害昆虫飞走的故事，有点偏科学，所以我们能从科学书上读到这篇文章。故选B。
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（2024·黑龙江大庆·一模）Whether frm news r scial articles, yu may knw that 5G is cming.
5G is the 5th generatin (代) netwrk. It’s a new netwrk after 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G and it can cnnect everyne and everything tgether. 5G netwrks will cver many cities in China sn. 5G means super-fast data (数据) speed, ne can dwnlad a tw-hur mvie fr fewer than 10 secnds, and it is making ur lives much easier.
5G will make self-driving cars pssible. Fr safety, self-driving cars needs super-fast data transmissin (传输) t cmmunicate with their nearby envirnment. 5G is just what makes self-driving cars achieve this. Airplanes will becme “smart” in the near future. Passengers will be able t use 5G netwrks in the air t rder fd and drinks n the Internet.
5G will be big help fr students wh take nline classes. Many peple live in pr areas in the wrld where there are n schls. But with 5G, this will change. Students all ver the wrld will be able t see places like the Great Wall withut leaving their rms.
It will be als easier fr dctrs t treat patients remtely by 5G. It means caring fr patients frm far away.
The facts listed abve are nly a part f what 5G will make pssible and ppular. Just as in the early days f the Internet in the 1990s, few culd see hw it culd change the wrld. The same will surely be true f 5G. With 5G, many things d nt seem like dreams anymre. Nw let’s get ready t say gdbye t 4G and welcme the cming f 5G.
1. The underline wrds “remtely” means ________.
A. 快速地B. 高效地
C. 远程地D. 科学地
2. Accrding t the passage, 5G will make ________ pssible in peple’s life.
①self-driving cars ②“smart” airplanes ③nline classes ④hspitals withut dctrs
A. ①②③B. ①②④
C. ①③④D. ②③④
3. Which f the fllwing shws the structure f this passage?
A. B.
C. D.
4. What’s the purpse f the passage?
A. T shw 5G is perfect.B. T give an intrductin f 5G.
C. T call n peple t use 5G.D. T explain hw 5G becmes ppular.
【答案与解析】本文主要向我们介绍了5G的一些优势。
1. 词句猜测题。根据“It will be als easier fr dctrs t treat patients remtely by 5G. It means caring fr patients frm far away.”可知，医生通过5G远程治疗病人也将变得更容易，这意味着可以照顾远方的病人，故此处remtely意为“远程地”。故选C。
2. 细节理解题。根据“5G will make self-driving cars pssible.”“Airplanes will becme ‘smart’ in the near future”“5G will be big help fr students wh take nline classes.”及“It means caring fr patients frm far away.”可知，5G使自动驾驶汽车、“智能”飞机、在线课程以及远程治疗成为可能。故选A。
3. 篇章结构题。第一段引出了5G；第二、三、四、五段介绍了5G的作用；第六段为总结。故选B。
4. 主旨大意题。本文主要向我们详细介绍了5G的一些优势。故选B。
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（2024·江苏南京·二模）Have yu ever seen a pster fr a prduct in a place yu didn’t expect? Or have yu ever been surprised by a grup f strangers wh suddenly started singing and dancing tgether t advertise a service? Peple in advertising call this “guerrilla marketing”. It’s a term that describes lw-cst and unusual marketing strategies (策略) that catch peple ff guard.
Guerrilla marketing is different frm traditinal marketing because it desn’t use typical marketing platfrms like print, TV, r nline advertising. It’s als a lt cheaper. It was first designed fr small businesses with less mney, but these days many large cmpanies are trying this clever and affrdable strategy.
Cca-Cla is ne such cmpany. It nce placed a special vending machine n a cllege campus. If students bught a bttle f Cca-Cla frm the machine, they gt tw extra bttles free f charge t give t their friends. Smetimes, a hand came ut f the machine and gave custmers flwers instead f an extra drink. Peple lved it! Cca-Cla filmed custmers enjying this special “happiness machine” and psted the vide nline. Many peple watched the vide and shared it with their friends, and the cmpany enjyed free publicity.
IKEA—ne f the wrld’s largest furniture cmpanies—als gave guerrilla marketing a try. T celebrate the 30th anniversary f its mst ppular bkcase, IKEA decided t try smething different. It teamed up with a charity called the Australian Literacy and Numeracy Fundatin t set up the wrld’s largest utdr library. The lcatin? On a beach! IKEA displayed its bkcases n Sydney’s Bndi Beach and filled them with ver 6, 000 bks. Peple gt t see IKEA’s bkcase in use and find smething interesting t read at the same time.
1. What is the writer’s purpse f the first paragraph?
A. T describe hw successful guerrilla marketing is.
B. T shw why guerrilla marketing is successful.
C. T shw when guerrilla marketing began.
D. T explain what guerrilla marketing is.
2. The underlined phrase “ff guard” means ________.
A. nt spending much mney
B. ding smething unusual
C. nt expecting a surprise
D. waiting fr smething new
3. IKEA prbably chse Bndi Beach t shw its prducts because ________.
A. it was a future lcatin fr IKEA’s stre
B. it was an unusual place t see bks
C. it was near a public library
D. it was near an IKEA stre
4.A. They are bth well-knwn cmpanies arund the wrld.
B. They bth use traditinal marketing strategies.
C. They bth spend a lt in advertising their prducts.
D. They are bth successful examples f guerrilla marketing.
【答案与解析】本文主要介绍了“游击营销”的概念，这是一种低成本且出奇制胜的非传统营销策略。
1. 推理判断题。根据“Peple in advertising call this ‘guerrilla marketing’. It’s a term that describes lw-cst and unusual marketing strategies (策略) that catch peple ff guard.”可知，作者写第一段的目的是解释什么是游击式营销。故选D。
2. 词义猜测题。根据“Peple in advertising call this ‘guerrilla marketing’. It’s a term that describes lw-cst and unusual marketing strategies (策略) that catch peple ff guard.”可知，这里提到了不同寻常的营销策略，结合语境带下划线的短语“ff guard”的意为毫无防备，文中意指“没想到会有惊喜”，故选C。
3. 细节理解题。根据“IKEA displayed its bkcases n Sydney’s Bndi Beach and filled them with ver 6, 000 bks. Peple gt t see IKEA’s bkcase in use and find smething interesting t read at the same time.”可知，宜家之所以选择邦迪海滩来展示其产品，可能是因为那是一个不寻常的看书的地方。故选B。
428. 推理判断题。根据“Cca-Cla is ne such cmpany…they gt tw extra bttles free f charge t give t their friends.”以及“IKEA—ne f the wrld’s largest furniture cmpanies—als gave guerrilla marketing a try. T celebrate the 30th anniversary f its mst ppular bkcase, IKEA decided t try smething different.”可知，作者提到可口可乐和宜家都是“游击营销”的成功范例。故选D。
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（2024·河南郑州·一模）The clr f the cean has changed greener significantly (显著地) ver the last 20 years and human-caused climate change is likely respnsible, accrding t a new study.
“Mre than 56% f the wrld’s ceans have changed clr that cannt be explained by natural variability (可变性),” said a team f researchers, led by scientists frm the UK and the US, in a statement.
Accrding t the study, trpical (热带的) ceans clse t the equatr (赤道) have becme greener in the past tw decades, reflecting changes in their ecsystems.
The clr f the cean cmes frm the materials fund in its upper layers (上层). Fr example, a deep blue sea will have very little life in it, and a green clr means there are ec systems there, based n the planktn (浮游生物). The planktn frms the basis f a fd web which supprts larger living things such as krill (磷虾), fish and seabirds.
“It’s nt clear exactly hw these ecsystems are changing,” said study c-authr Stephanie Dutkiewicz. “Ocean ecsystems are finely balanced and any change in the planktn will send ripples (涟漪) acrss the fd chain. All changes are causing an imbalance in the natural rganizatin f ecsystems. Such imbalance will nly get wrse ver time if ur ceans keep heating. It will als affect the cean’s ability t stre carbn (碳), as different planktn absrbs (吸收) different amunts f carbn,” she tld CNN.
The researchers are still wrking t explain exactly what the changes mean nw.
1. What is happening accrding t this study?
A. The clr f the cean is becming greener.
B. Natural variability is leading t the changes in the cean clr.
C. The number f planktn in the cean is gradually reducing (减少).
D. Ocean ecsystems are becming mre and mre balanced.
2. What kind f animal feed n planktn directly accrding t this passage?
A. B.
C. D.
3. What is Paragraph 5mainly abut?
A. Reasn f the greener ceans.
B. Imprtance f amunts f carbn.
C. Prcess f water clr change.
D. Danger f the warming ceans.
4. What causes the change f the cean clr accrding t the writer?
A. The cean’s ability t stre carbn.
B. Natural variability f the ceans.
C. Trpical ceans clse t the equatr.
D. Human-caused climate change.
5. In which unit f a textbk can the text be fund?
A. Unit 1 Friends Frever
B. Unit 2 Prtectin f Envirnment
C. Unit 3 The Value f Mney
D. Unit 4 The Wrld f Science
【答案与解析】本文主要介绍了海洋颜色显著变绿的现象主要和人类活动引起的气候变化有关，并且探讨了这一现象对海洋生物和人类的危害。
1. 细节理解题。根据“The clr f the cean has changed greener significantly (显著地) ver the last 20 years and human-caused climate change is likely respnsible, accrding t a new study.”可知海洋的颜色正在显著变绿。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据“The planktn frms the basis f a fd web which supprts larger living things such as krill (磷虾), fish and seabirds.”可知磷虾是以浮游生物为食的。故选C。
3. 主旨大意题。通读第五段内容可知本段主要讲述了海洋升温会带来的危害。故选D。
4. 推理判断题。根据“The clr f the cean has changed greener significantly (显著地) ver the last 20 years and human-caused climate change is likely respnsible”及“Mre than 56% f the wrld’s ceans have changed clr that cannt be explained by natural variability (可变性)”可推知作者认为是人来活动造成的气候变化改变了海洋的颜色。故选D。
5. 推理判断题。本文主要讲述了海洋颜色的变化可能引起的生态不平衡的问题，属于环境保护的范畴。故选B。
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（2024·河北保定·二模）D yu ften ask questins? Children are knwn fr wanting answers t many questins, because curisity (好奇心) is part f human nature. Bks and TV shws ften depend n curisity. Peple keep reading r watching because they want t find ut what happens.
As we knw, curisity prvides many advantages. Many f histry’s greatest discveries were made by curius peple. Peple wndered hw things wrked and hw wrk culd be dne mre quickly. Thanks t their curisity, peple nw knw much abut the wrld and have useful technlgy t help them. Even if yu dn’t plan t be an inventr r researcher, curisity can still help yu in the classrm. If yu develp the curisity f learning, classes will becme mre interesting. Yu will be gd at them because yu enjy the prcess (过程) f learning. Even if yu’re n lnger a student, curisity will make yu an able wrker.
What will yu d if yu’re nt already curius? Luckily, curisity is a skill that can be imprved. Often, the mre yu learn abut a subject, the mre interesting it becmes. T imprve yur curisity, get infrmatin frm as many surces (来源) as pssible when yu learn abut smething. At the same time, read all kinds f bks, watch r listen t speeches and ask questins. Dn’t always get infrmatin in the same way. Instead, learn t understand the facts that different peple knw.
Dn’t assume yu already knw everything. Instead, search fr ther pssibilities and pinins. Remember, everyne knws smething that yu dn’t knw. Find ut what it is, and ask abut it. This lets yu learn smething and makes the ther peple happy by letting them shw ff their knwledge. Let’s try t becme peple wh are full f curisity.
1. What makes children ask many questins?
A. They are curius.B. They knw t little.
C. They aren’t s clever.D. They dn’t read bks.
2. What des the writer tell us in Paragraph 2?
A. Every student can be an inventr.B. Peple need curisity t get a jb.
C. Curisity helps us discver the wrld.D. Students shuld enjy the learning prcess.
3. What can be helpful t imprve yur curisity?
A. Reading nly ne kind f bks.B. Shwing thers yur knwledge.
C. Getting infrmatin in the same way.D. Getting infrmatin frm many surces.
4. Which wrd is clse t the underlined wrd “assume”?
A. Wnder.B. Think.C. Frget.D. Wrry.
5. Which can be a prper title fr the text?
A. Try t Be CuriusB. Make Others Happy
C. Learn t Ask QuestinsD. Learn frm Great Peple
【答案与解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人们充满了好奇心的原因、优势及如何提升自己的好奇心。
1. 细节理解题。根据“Children are knwn fr wanting answers t many questins, because curisity (好奇心) is part f human nature.”可知，众所周知，孩子们渴望得到许多问题的答案，因为好奇心是人性的一部分。故选A。
2. 主旨大意题。根据“As we knw, curisity prvides many advantages. Many f histry’s greatest discveries were made by curius peple.”可知，本段主要介绍了历史上许多最伟大的发现都是由好奇的人做出的。故选C。
3. 细节理解题。根据“T imprve yur curisity, get infrmatin frm as many surces (来源) as pssible when yu learn abut smething.”可知，为了提高你的好奇心，当你学习某件事时，从尽可能多的来源获取信息。故选D。
4. 词义猜测题。根据“Instead, search fr ther pssibilities and pinins.”可知，相反，寻找其他可能性和意见。所以不要认为自己知道一切，assume意为“认为”，与think意思相近，故选B。
5. 最佳标题题。根据“Let’s try t becme peple wh are full f curisity.”及全文可知，本文从好奇心的好处及如何培养好奇心两方面来告诉我们要保持好奇心，因此最佳标题为“试着保持好奇心”。故选A。
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（2024·湖北武汉·模拟预测）Well, let’s cntinue frm where we stpped last time. I’m sure yu’re well aware f the dangers lurking (潜伏) n the Wrld Wide Web. And whether it’s fr schlwrk, entertainment, r just scializing with friends, the Internet will surely be a majr part f yur child’s life. S, it’s imprtant t secure (使安全) their nline stays.
It’s nt an easy task, but maintaining pen cmmunicatin is key. Let them knw they can share their nline activities with yu. Discuss what interests them nline and learn abut ppular websites and apps frm them. This will help yu understand and identify (识别) ptential risks.
Next, mnitr withut spying (探明). Mst kids learn t understand bundaries, like respecting thers’ persnal space, r nt pening the ckie jar withut asking. Internet use is n different. It’s helpful t set clear rules fr them, like which websites they can visit, which apps they can use, and what they can share nline. Remind them that if they feel uneasy with anything that ccurs nline, they need t alert (使警觉) an adult at nce.
Hw yu handle yur kids’ Internet usage will depend largely n their age. There are websites and brwsing tls designed fr yunger children, such as YuTube Kids, which aims t prvide a safe nline experience fr children. Older kids may be allwed mre freedm since they want t scialize and need t use the Internet fr infrmatin-gathering. But yu can set bundaries that feel right fr yu. Just limit (限制) their access apprpriately.
Allwing yur children t make gd decisins nline teaches them respnsibility, shws that yu trust them, and reminds them that rules may be tightened if they disbey them. Stay tuned.
1. What did the authr talk abut last time?
A. The ptential risks f the Internet.
B. The influence f the Internet.
C. Infrmatin ffered by the Internet.
D. The imprtance f the Wrld Wide Web.
2. What des the authr suggest parents d t better understand their kids’ nline behavir?
A. Cmmunicate with children actively.
B. Spy n their children’s nline activities.
C. Share nline activities with their children.
D. Set strict rules fr Internet usage withut discussin.
3. Accrding t the passage, what are suggested as ways t understand and identify ptential risks f children’s nline activities?
①Encuraging children t keep their nline activities secret.
②Discussing their interests nline and ppular websites with them.
③Asking them t pay mre attentin t the things that ccurs nline.
④Setting bundaries that yur kids and yu can accept.
⑤Limiting their access t the Internet.
A. ①②⑤
B. ②③④
C. ①③④
D. ②③⑤
4. What is the main purpse f intrducing websites and brwsing tls designed fr yunger children like YuTube Kids?
A. T restrict children’s access t the Internet.
B. T prvide a safe nline experience fr children.
C. T encurage children t explre the Internet independently.
D. T limit children’s nline interactins t a specific platfrm.
5. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Hw t Limit Kids’ Screen Time
B. Hw t Keep Yur Kids Safe Online
C. Hw t Set Online Bundaries fr Kids
D. Hw t Mnitr Yur Kids’ Online Activities
【答案与解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了如何保护孩子在网上安全，强调了与孩子保持开放沟通的重要性，建议家长了解孩子的网上行为并设立明确的上网规则。
39. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Well, let’s cntinue frm where we stpped last time. I’m sure yu’re well aware f the dangers lurking (潜伏) n the Wrld Wide Web.” 可知，互联网的潜在风险。故选A。
40. 细节理解题。根据第二段“It’s nt an easy task, but maintaining pen cmmunicatin is key.”可知，积极与孩子沟通。故选A。
41. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Let them knw they can share their nline activities with yu. Discuss what interests them nline and learn abut ppular websites and apps frm them.”，第三段“It’s helpful t set clear rules fr them, like which websites they can visit, which apps they can use, and what they can share nline. Remind them that if they feel uneasy with anything that ccurs nline, they need t alert (使警觉) an adult at nce.”，以及第四段“But yu can set bundaries that feel right fr yu. Just limit (限制) their access apprpriately.” 可知，结合选项，②③④符合。故选B。
42. 细节理解题。根据第四段“There are websites and brwsing tls designed fr yunger children, such as YuTube Kids, which aims t prvide a safe nline experience fr children. ”可知，为孩子提供安全的线上体验。故选B。
43. 最佳标题题。根据第一段“S, it’s imprtant t secure (使安全) their nline stays.” 可知，文章说的是如何保证你的孩子在网上的安全。故选B。
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（2023·陕西西安·一模）
Fr 16-year-ld Ma Yifei, the vilin perfrmance f the Beijing 2022 theme sng, Snwflake, was her best present fr Paralympians (残奥会运动员) all ver the wrld. Even thugh snwflakes are related t winter, she let thers feel warmth, hpe and light thrugh her perfrmance. “I’m als disabled and I want t d smething fr them with my music,” said Ma.
Ma went blind at the age f tw because f an illness. She became interested in music when she was yung. She started t learn t play the pian at five and the vilin at nine, experiencing the “clrful” music thrugh sund and emtin.
Ma’s mther Ha Chunyan, a frmer music teacher in a primary schl, helped her memrize the music scre (乐谱) befre she played the pian. Ma culd nt see the keys and always played the wrng ntes. It tk her thusands f tries t play a piece crrectly.
Learning the vilin was mre challenging. Ma needed t feel the teacher’s hands, arms and back t learn the mvements, and listen t the strings (弦) ver and ver again t feel the muscles (肌肉) herself.
“After three years f learning, she still culd nt make any sund except terrible nises,” said Ha, wh advised her daughter t give up the vilin. But Ma said, “As I’ve been practicing s lng, it’s hard t give up. I believe I will play better if I persist in practicing.”
In 2018, Ma gt a chance t fllw Sheng Yuan and Ca Yuhan, famus musicians frm the Central Cnservatry f Music, t study music in Beijing. She left her hme in Ningxia t fllw her musical dream, thugh she knew there wuld be mre challenges ahead.
Ma expressed her excitement abut perfrming at the big event. “All my hard wrk has paid ff. I’m prud f standing n the stage tday.”
1. Hw des the writer describe Ma’s difficulties in learning the vilin?
A. By ffering advice.B. By giving examples.
C. By listing numbers.D. By questining.
2. What des the underlined phrase “persist in” prbably mean in Paragraph 5?
A. Take pride in.B. Lk frward t.C. Keep n.D. End up.
3. Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut Ma?
A. Ma began t learn t play the pian at nine.
B. In 2018, Ma gt a chance t study music in Beijing
C. It was mre challenging fr Ma t learn the pian than the vilin.
D. Ma culd memrize the music scre by herself befre playing the pian.
【答案与解析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ma Yifei虽然因病失明，但是她克服各种困难，坚持练习小提琴，最终努力得到回报，并在2022年北京残奥会上给人们带来了一场精彩的演出。
1. 推理判断题。根据“Learning the vilin was mre challenging. Ma needed t feel the teacher’s hands, arms and back t learn the mvements, and listen t the strings (弦) ver and ver again t feel the muscles (肌肉) herself.”可知，文章分别讲述了Ma Yifei学小提琴时所遇到的困难的相关事例。故选B。
2. 词义猜测题。根据“I believe I will play better if I persist in practicing.”可知如果坚持练习，会拉得更好，故此处划线部分意为“坚持”，和keep n意义相近。故选C。
3. 细节理解题。根据“In 2018, Ma gt a chance t fllw Sheng Yuan and Ca Yuhan, famus musicians frm the Central Cnservatry f Music, t study music in Beijing”可知2018年，马有机会跟随中央音乐学院著名音乐家到北京学习音乐。故选B。Kicking stne balls
During the Qing Dynasty, kicking a stne ball arund was a ppular game in the nrthern part f China, and it was ften played in winter t keep warm. Peple culd nt nly have fun, but als d exercise.
Playing hide-and-seek
Hide-and-seek was ppular fr children arund the natin. There were sme ways t play this game: cvering a child’s eyes while ther kids ran arund t play little tricks n him, r mre cmmnly, thers hid and ne child must try t find them.
Flying kites
Kites have quite a lng histry. The earliest kites were made f wd instead f paper. The three mst famus kites were the Beijing kite, the Tianjin kite and the Weifang kite. Each had its wn characteristics. Fr example, the bird-shaped kite with lng wings was a spacial kind f the Beijing kite.
Watching shadw (影子) plays
The clsest thing t watching a film during ancient times was ging t see a shadw play. The artists cntrlled puppets (木偶) behind the screen and tld stries t the music.