人教版（2024）八年级下册Section A精品第2课时精练

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基础达标
一、适当形式填空。
Last week the students went skating and enjyed _________ (them) very much.
Helping thers is helping _________ (we), s we shuld try ur best t help thse in need.
Simn entered the library, fund _________ (he) a seat by the windw and started his wrk.
Jack, help _________ (yu) t sme salad. It’s just behind yu.
Rick ________ (break) his glasses n the playgrund and needed a new pair.
【答案】
1．themselves
【详解】句意：上周学生们去滑冰，玩得很开心。enjy neself玩得开心，空处用them对应的反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
2．urselves
【详解】句意：帮助别人就是帮助自己，所以我们应该尽力帮助那些需要帮助的人。根据“Helping thers is helping...”及常识可知，帮助他人就是帮助自己，空处用we对应的反身代词urselves。故填urselves。
3．himself
【详解】句意：西蒙走进图书馆，给自己找到一个靠窗的座位，开始了他的工作。空处指西蒙给他自己找了个座位，所以用反身代词himself。故填himself。
4．yurself
【详解】句意：杰克，随便吃点沙拉。就在你后面。help neself t sth表示“随便吃点……”，固定短语；空处用yu对应的反身代词yurself/yurselves，Jack指一个人，所以用单数。故填yurself。
5．brke
【详解】句意：瑞克在操场摔坏了眼镜，需要一副新的。and“和”连接两个并列动词，由needed可知句子要用一般过去时，break的过去式是brke。故填brke。
二、将下列句子翻译成英语。
1. 如果你咳嗽，你应该吃一些药。
If yu _______ _______ ________, yu shuld take sme medicine.
2. 他从梯子上掉了下来，伤到了自己。
He fell ff the ladder and _______ _______.
3. 我同意你的野餐计划。
I ______ _____yu abut the plan fr the picnic.
4. 多亏了微信，我们可以和朋友更好地交流。
_______ _______WeChat, we can cmmunicate better with ur friends.
5. 我们及时赶上了那辆公共汽车。
We were just ______ _______ fr the bus.
【答案】1. have a cugh 2. hurt himself 3. agree with 4. Thanks t 5. in time
能力提升
三、单项选择
1．I have ________ bad cld and have t stay in ________ bed fr tw days.
A．the; /B．a; theC．the; theD．a; /
2．Jack talked ________ at the meeting.
A．t muchB．much tC．t manyD．many t
3．—What’s the matter with Mary?
—She has a sre ________.
A．headacheB．stmachacheC．thratD．tthache
4．—I've gt a tthache，mm.
—Oh，yu eat t much candy.
A．shuldn'tB．needn'tC．shuldD．need
5．Dn’t g t schl ________ breakfast. It’s a bad habit.
A．afterB．withC．withutD．befre
【答案】1．D
【详解】句意：我得了重感冒，必须卧床两天。
考查冠词的用法。a/an不定冠词，表示泛指，也可用在固定搭配中；the定冠词，表示特指。根据“I have bad … cld”可知，have a bad cld表示“得了重感冒”，固定短语；再根据“have t stay in …bed”可知，in bed表示“生病卧床”，而in the bed表示“在床上”，根据句意，此处要用in bed。故选D。
2．A
【详解】句意：杰克在会上说得太多了。
考查副词短语辨析。t much太多，常用作副词或代词，也可用形容词修饰不可数名词；much t非常，常作副词，后跟形容词或副词；t many太多，常用作形容词，修饰可数名词；没有many t这个搭配。此处表达“说”太多，修饰动词talked。故选A。
3．C
【详解】句意：——玛丽怎么了？——她喉咙痛。
考查名词辨析和动词短语。headache头痛；stmachache胃痛；thrat喉咙痛；tthache牙痛。have a sre thrat“喉咙痛”，固定短语，故选C。
4．A
【详解】句意：——妈妈，我牙疼。——哦,你不应该吃太多的糖果。
考查情态动词辨析。A. 不应该，表建议；B. 无需，指没有必要；C. 应该，表建议；D. 需要，指有必要。根据句意语境，可知妈妈建议不要吃吃太多的糖果，故选A。
5．C
【详解】句意：不吃早饭就不要去上学。这是一个坏习惯。
考查介词。after在……之后；with和；withut没有；befre在……之前。根据“It’s a bad habit.”可知，是说不吃早饭就不要去上学，因此withut符合句意。故选C。
四、句型转换。
1. Yu shuld take mre exercise. (改为一般疑问句)
________ ________ take mre exercise?
2. Yu'd better wrk ut the prblem by yurself. (改为同义句)
_________ ________ wrk ut the prblem by yurself.
3. Everyne shuld have the spirit f giving. (对画线部分提问)
________ ________ everyne have?
4. He shuld drink sme ht tea with hney. (改为否定句)
He __________ drink ______ ht tea with hney.
5. Yu shuld eat nthing fr 24 hurs. (改为同义句)
Yu ___________ eat __________ fr 24 hurs.
【答案】1.Shuld I
2.Yu shuld
3.What shuld
4.shuldn't, any
5.shuldn't, anything
五、根据各题后括号内的要求完成下列各题，每空一词(含缩略形式)。
A: Lk! Many peple are standing rund the car. ___1___
B: Maybe it’s an accident. ___2___
C: Yes. A man n the bike was traveling t fast while the car was cming arund the crner. ___3___ He can’t mve nw.
B: ___4___ Have the plicemen cme?
C: Yes. And they’ve already called 120. The dctrs are cming.
A: ___5___ We must be careful.
A．That sunds great.
B．What’s the matter with yu?
C．The bike hit the car and the man fell ff the bike.
D．Is anybdy hurt?
E．What a pr man!
F．It’s dangerus t travel t fast.
G．What’s happening?
【答案】GDCEF
拓展训练
六、语法填空。
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(提示:每空不超过三个单词)
When Juliane Kepcke was seventeen years ld, she liked travelling. One day, she traveled ___1___ her mther by plane thrugh the Amazn rainfrest (雨林) t their hme in Peru. There was bad weather, and suddenly (突然) the plane started ___2___ (fall) frm the sky, and crashed int the jungle (坠入丛林). When Juliane pened her ___3___ (eye), she wasn’t in the plane, she was in the rainfrest. And she was alne (独自). She lked fr her mther, but she culdn’t find her. She didn’t have much fd, just sme bread. Juliane needed t get ut f the rainfrest ___4___ (quick). She began t walk thrugh the jungle. She culdn’t see well ___5___ her glasses were missing. S she listened fr the sund f water,
Finally, Juliane arrived at ___6___ river and she walked alng it. At night she ___7___ (sleep) in a tree r n the grund (地面) by the river. She was tired and very hungry and she culdn’t travel fast. After ten days, she ___8___ (get) t a small huse. It was the huse f three rainfrest wrkers. When they came back t their huse, they were very ___9___ (surprise). A seventeen -year -ld girl was inside!
Nw there is a film and a bk abut _____10_____ (she) stry in the jungle.
【答案】1．with 2．t fall##falling 3．eyes 4．quickly 5．because 6．a 7．slept 8．gt 9．surprised 10．her
【分析】本文讲述了朱莉安娜乘坐的飞机坠落，她坠落到亚马逊雨林，她在丛林里旅行的故事。
1．句意：一天，她和母亲乘坐飞机穿过亚马逊雨林去他们秘鲁的家。结合句意，此处表示和母亲一起，with sb表示“和某人一起”，故填with。
2．句意：天气恶劣，突然飞机开始从空中坠落，坠入丛林。fall“坠落”，start t d sth=start ding sth“开始做某事”，故填t fall/falling。
3．句意：当朱莉安娜睁开眼，她不是在飞机里，她在热带雨林里。eye“眼睛”，结合常识，人有两只眼睛，因此用复数形式，故填eyes。
4．句意：朱莉安娜需要快速从热带雨林出去。quick“快的”，是形容词，修饰动宾短语get ut f the rainfrest，用副词，故填quickly。
5．句意：她看不清楚，因为她的眼镜不见了。结合句意，前一句表示她看不清楚，后一句表示她的眼镜看不清楚，后一句表示她的眼镜不见了，前后表示因果关系，因此用连词because，故填because。
6．句意：最后，朱莉安娜来到一条河边，她沿着它走。river是辅音音素开头的单数名词，因此用不定冠词a修饰，故填a。
7．句意：晚上她睡在树上或者河边的地面上。sleep“睡觉”，是动词，根据“walked”可知，此处用一般过去时，故填slept。
8．句意：十天后，她来到一座小房子前。get“达到”，根据“after ten days”可知，此处用一般过去时，故填gt。
9．句意：当他们回到他们的房子时，他们非常惊讶。surprise“使惊讶”，是动词，作为系动词were的表语，用形容词，描述人的感受，用surprised“感到惊讶的”，故填surprised。
10．句意：现在有关于她在丛林的故事的一部电影和一本书。she“她”，是主格形式，修饰名词stry，用形容词性物主代词，故填her。
七、阅读选择正确答案。
D yu knw grwing pains(疼痛)? Grwing pains aren't a disease. Smetimes yu dn't have t see a dctr. Usually children can get them between the ages f 3 and 5 r 8 and 12. When children are ver fifteen, mst f them dn't get grwing pains. Children ften get grwing pains in their legs. They ften start befre bedtime and smetimes in the middle f the night. But they g away by the mrning. Dctrs dn't knw why. They think when children run, climb r jump a lt during the day, they may have pains in their legs at night.
Parents can help children feel better by buying sme medicine. But it is nt gd fr children. Here are sme ways that may help children feel better：
★ Put a piece f warm clth n the place where children feel painful.
★ Ask children t stretch(伸展) the legs like what they d in P．E. class.
★ Ask smebdy t help massage(按摩) the painful legs.
( )1.Wh can get grwing pains accrding t the passage?
A．A girl at the age f 2.
B．A by at the age f 6.
C．A girl at the age f 10.
D．A by at the age f 18.
( )2.Where d children ften feel grwing pains?
A．In their backs. B．In their arms. C．In their necks. D．In their legs.
( )3.When d grwing pains ften start?
A．Befre bedtime.
B．In the middle f the night.
C．By the mrning.
D．During the day.
( )4.What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A．Why parents can't give sme medicine t the children with grwing pains.
B．Hw t massage children if they have grwing pains.
C．Advice n hw t make children with grwing pains feel better.
D．Why children get grwing pains.
( )5.What is the best title fr this passage?
A．Children's Grwth
B．Children's Grwing Pains
C．Children's Life Prblems
D．Parents and Children
1． C【解析】细节理解题，根据“Usually children can get them between the ages f 3 and 5 r 8 and 12.”可知选C
2.D【解析】细节理解题，根据 “Children ften get grwing pains in their legs.”
3.A【解析】细节理解题，根据“They ften start befre bedtime and smetimes in the middle f the night.”
4.C【解析】概括归纳题，根据三点建议，可以知道是使孩子们更好的建议。
5.B【解析】 文章主旨题，本文主要大意是讲孩子们的生长痛。