专题13 完形填空夹叙夹议文 -2025年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考通用）

这是一份专题13 完形填空夹叙夹议文 -2025年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考通用），文件包含专题13完形填空夹叙夹议文-2025年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练新高考通用解析版docx、专题13完形填空夹叙夹议文-2025年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练新高考通用原题版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共37页， 欢迎下载使用。
TOC \ "1-3" \h \z \u \l "_Tc148898652" 题型综述2
\l "_Tc148898652" 解题攻略2
\l "_Tc148898653" 题型01 句内层次题3
\l "_Tc148898654" 题型02 句组层次题4
\l "_Tc148898655" 题型03 语篇层次题 PAGEREF _Tc148898655 \h 5
\l "_Tc148898657" 高考练场7
题型简介
夹叙夹议文是高考英语完形填空中常见的一种体裁。它结合了记叙文和议论文的特点，通常通过叙述一个事件或经历，然后在此基础上发表作者的观点或引发思考。这种文体的文章结构清晰，主题明确，内容贴近考生的生活实际，具有较强的可读性和教育意义。
命题类型
句内层次题：主要考查动词、名词、形容词和副词等实词在具体语境中的运用。
句组理解题：要求考生根据上下文的语境来选择最合适的词汇，理解作者的观点和态度。
语篇推理题：考查考生对文章逻辑关系的理解，需要根据文章的叙述和议论部分进行推理。
解题思路
关注首句，领会大意：首句通常不设空，提供了文章的主题或背景信息，帮助考生快速把握文章的大意。
注重语境，理清行文逻辑：夹叙夹议文的记叙和议论部分交错出现，考生需要通过上下文的语境来理解作者的观点和态度。
找准标志词，弄清结构：注意文章中的衔接词，如对比、强调、让步、举例等，这些词可以帮助考生理解文章的结构和发展脉络。
先易后难，逐步推进：先解决那些容易判断的空格，再逐步处理较难的题目，避免在难题上耗费过多时间。
复读再核查：在填完所有空格后，通读全文，确保所选答案使文章意思通顺、前后连贯。
题型01 句内层次题

句内层次题：解题信息分布在本句内部，瞻前顾后，左顾右盼，边读边填。理清记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式，理清上下文之间的逻辑关系，在充分把握语境的基础上，辨析词语，进一步把握作者的观点、态度，找到正确答案。
重视首句，把握文章主题。
分析结构，抓住作者观点态度。
3. 利用上下文，关注过渡词，理清逻辑关系。
(安徽省卓越县中联盟2024-2025学年高三上学期11月期中考试)
Helen was nly ____30____ t wrk a few days a week, but that sn turned int every day. This lvely 78-year-ld wman lved cming t schl. She always felt quite ____31____ when I tld her nt t cme n extremely cld and icy mrnings.
30. A. frcedB. scheduledC. trainedD. permitted
31. A. surprisedB. frtunateC. ashamedD. disappinted
【答案】 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【导语】主要讲述了祖父母志愿者海伦在幼儿园班级帮助作者教导学生，学生都很喜爱海伦。
【30题详解】
句内层次题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：海伦原本每周只工作几天，但很快就变成了每天都工作。A. frced迫使；B. scheduled安排；C. trained训练；D. permitted允许。根据后文“t wrk a few days a week”可知，海伦原本被安排每周只工作几天，故选B。
【31题详解】
句内层次题。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉她不要在寒冷刺骨的早晨来的时候，她总是感到很失望。A. surprised惊讶的；B. frtunate幸运的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. disappinted失望的。根据上文“This lvely 78-year-ld wman lved cming t schl.(这位可爱的78岁老妇人喜欢学校)”可知，海伦喜欢去学校，所以被告知不要在寒冷刺骨的早晨来的时候，她总是感到很失望。故选D。
（2024年浙江卷1月完形填空片段）
My new friend spke virtually n English, s I happily tk the ____24____ t practice my Chinese.
24. A. chance B. advice C. truble D. right
【解析】句内层次题。考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. chance机会；B. advice建议；C. truble麻烦；D. right权利。根据后文“t practice my Chinese”可知，作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。
【答案】 A
题型02 句组层次题

句组层次题：解题线索分布在上句，下句和本句之中。谨记“上看一句下看一句中间看一句（瞻前顾后）”，并根据逻辑意思、句法分析、固定搭配、排除法、词汇复现、逻辑关系、背景常识等方法瞻前顾后、耐心作答。
(湖北省市级示范高中智学联盟2024-2025学年高三上学期12月月考)
As smene wh desn’t like being in the sptlight (聚光灯), ___45___ dwn the street and suddenly hearing smene say t their friend, “Lk, a lawai”, is nt the mst enjyable experience. It’s safe t say that mst peple wuldn’t ___46___ a stranger cmmenting ut lud n their ___47___, like saying “tall guy” r “big head”.
45. A. runningB. walkingC. ridingD. driving
46. A. avidB. relyC. permitD. appreciate
47. A. backgrundB. attitudeC. appearanceD. behavir
【答案】 45. B 46. D 47. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在中国被称为“老外”的经历，从不适到接受，体现了对中国的深厚情感及渴望融入的愿望。
【45题详解】
句组层次题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个不喜欢成为聚光灯下的人，走在街上，突然听到有人对他们的朋友说：“看，老外”，这并不是最愉快的经历。A. running跑步；B. walking步行；C. riding骑行；D. driving驾驶。根据上文“dwn the street and suddenly hearing smene say t their friend, “Lk, a lawai””以及语境可知，此处描述日常行走时的情景，即作者走在街上。故选B。
【46题详解】
句组层次题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：可以肯定地说，大多数人不会感激陌生人大声评论他们的外表，比如说“高个子”或“大头”。A. avid避免；B. rely依赖；C. permit允许；D. appreciate欣赏，感激。根据上文“As smene
wh desn’t like being in the sptlight (聚光灯), ___5___ dwn the street and suddenly hearing smene say t their friend, “Lk, a lawai”, is nt the mst enjyable experience.”可知，此处表示大多数人一般不会感激陌生人说自己是“高个子”或“大头”。故选D。
【47题详解】
句组层次题。考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. backgrund背景；B. attitude态度；C. appearance外表；D. behavir行为。根据下文“like saying “tall guy” r “big head””可知，此处表示评论人们的外表。故选C。
（2024年1月浙江省高考首考）
While taking a 20-hur train ride alng the edge f the Taklimakan Desert in nrthwestern China, I had the kind f humbling, educatinal, and abve all else, wnderful ____21.encunter____ with a lcal that all travelers lng fr. A yung Chinese man ____22____ me n the train. My ____23____ friend spke virtually n English, s I happily tk the ____24.chance____ t practice my Chinese.
22. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. apprached
23. A. true B. s-called C. new D. lng-lst
【解析】22.句组层次题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated对待；B. saved拯救；C. lectured演讲；D. apprached靠近。根据后文“me n the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D
23. 句组层次题。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. true真的；B. s-called所谓的；C. new新的；D. lng-lst很久不见的。根据上文“A yung Chinese man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。
【答案】 22. D 23. C
题型03 语篇层次题

语篇层次题：解题线索分布在某一段或几段相隔，甚至全篇，距离较远，更需瞻前顾后，谨记“文中无废句，句中无闲词”，并根据逻辑意思、句法分析、固定搭配、排除法、词汇复现、逻辑关系、背景常识等方法瞻前顾后、合理推断、耐心作答。
（2024·江苏南京·模拟预测）
In 2014, Amy cllapsed frm a brain hemrrhage (脑溢血) while wrking. After a year recvering at hme, she sighed up fr a curse with the ambitin t becme a 2 .
Hwever, ccasinal visin disturbance was still presen , influencing the amunt f energy she culd give t the curse. Further cmplicatins (并发症) left the yung artist almst cmpletely blind, making it difficult t see a whle figure. It’s particularly depressing because it seemed t ruined her ptimism t be a painter!
2．A．teacherB．dctrC．wrkerD．painter
【解析】语篇层次题。考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第1题详解。A. teacher老师；B. dctr医生；C. wrker工人；D. painter画家。根据下文“ seemed t ___her ptimism t be a painter!”可知，艾米是打算成为一名画家。故选D。
【答案】D
（2021年浙江1月高考完形填空片段）
I was sent t the Crnad Natinal Frest fr my first 8-day 42 ．We had t 43.carry everything we needed and walk three miles t where we wrked.It may nt seem like a 44.lng way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were n fire.
My jb was t 45.build a stairway ut f rck.This 46.meant climbing up and dwn the side f a muntain inhabited (栖息) by muntain lins, althugh I shuld say they were nly heard, never 47.seen.
…
53.Needless t say，I suffered a lt.But I knw whatever I have t face in my life I was there and I 54.survived．I think I am much 55.strnger fr having taken part in the prject.
42．A．tur B．prject C．campaign D．Curse
【解析】 语篇层次题。根据文章末尾的the prject可知，本篇文章讲述的是作者某次项目的经历，结合文末信息回到文章开头可知，作者被派去Crnad Natinal Frest是为了一个为期8天的“项目(工程)”。叙事类的完形填空往往通过讲述一个故事来传达中心思想或表达立意，作者多采用首尾相呼应的写法，在文章结尾处来升华主题。因此，学生应学会首尾兼顾，结合文章开头、结尾信息解答此类题目
【答案】B
(2024年新课标高考英语甲卷)
One day, we had a family dinner. While the adults were busy with their serius talk utside, I was left alne in the ____21____ t help my grandmther wash dishes. ____22____ my grandmther wuld tell me stries abut her childhd.
Brn just befre WWII, my grandmther ____23____ an entirely different childhd lifestyle frm mine. She did nt have a chance t g t ____24____. Like in typical families, where bys were ____25____ much mre than girls, my grandma had t stay at hme t d ____26____. The nly pprtunity (机会) she culd seize t ____27____ was when her brther was having Chinese ____28____ with the family tutr. She wuld sit quietly at the far end f the lng dinner table, listening ____29____. This training taught her t read and write her Chinese upside dwn — a skill that has turned ut t be quite ____30____, especially whenever we share the newspaper. On mst weekends, my grandmther, a yung girl then, and her brther wuld g t the ____31____. There, they wuld walk thrugh deep water, sit dwn crss-legged underwater and hld their ____32____ while they watched all actin ging n arund them. This is smething I ____33____ — her ability t pen her ____34____ underwater and still sit cmfrtably n the seabed.
My childhd is quite ____35____ cmpared with hers. I am ____36____ that I did nt need t ____37____ the hardships like she did. I've never faced the prblem f ____38____. I guess ur different childhd backgrund is what makes my grandmther such an amazing persn t ____39____ t: her stries always make my histry textbks ____40____.
21. A. sitting rmB. kitchenC. yardD. dining hall
22. A. As alwaysB. By the wayC. Fr exampleD. Here and nw
23. A. adjustedB. prmtedC. achievedD. experienced
24. A. wrkB. schlC. curtD. press
25. A. favredB. tleratedC. trustedD. acknwledged
26. A. gardeningB. hmewrkC. businessD. husewrk
27. A. exerciseB. studyC. explreD. teach
28. A. fdB. guestsC. lessnsD. tea
29. A. clselyB. directlyC. nervuslyD. freely
30. A. prfessinalB. awkwardC. simpleD. practical
31. A. marketB. muntainC. beachD. class
32. A. secretB. breathC. viewD. tngue
33. A. admireB. nticeC. adptD. value
34. A. handsB. muthC. eyesD. arms
35. A. difficultB. cmplexC. happyD. similar
36. A. gratefulB. surprisedC. cnvincedD. regretful
37. A. reflect upnB. g thrughC. ask abutD. prepare fr
38. A. unemplymentB. healthC. educatinD. cmmunicatin
39. A. attendB. referC. leadD. talk
40. A. cme trueB. cme rundC. cme utD. cme alive
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者祖母的童年故事，以及作者从故事中得到的感悟。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当大人们在外面忙于严肃的谈话时，我一个人留在厨房里帮奶奶洗碗。A. sitting rm客厅；B. kitchen厨房；C. yard院子；D. dining hall餐厅。根据下文“t help my grandmther wash dishes”可推知，此处指作者在厨房洗碗。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查副词短语辨析。句意：一如既往地，我的祖母会给我讲她童年的故事。As always一如既往；B. By the way顺便说一句；C. Fr example例如；D. Here and nw此时此地。根据语境，结合下文“my grandmther wuld tell me stries abut her childhd”可推知，此处指作者的祖母经常给作者讲童年故事，这次一如既往的给作者讲她童年的故事。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的祖母出生在二战前夕，她的童年生活方式与我的完全不同。A. adjusted调整；B. prmted促进；C. achieved完成；D. experienced经历。根据下文“an entirely different childhd lifestyle frm mine”可推知，此处指祖母经历的童年与作者的不同。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她没有机会上学。A. wrk工作；B. schl学校；C. curt法院；D. press出版社。根据下文“The nly pprtunity she culd seize t _______ was when her brther was having Chinese _______ with the family tutr”可推知，此处在指祖母生活的年代，她是没有机会上学的。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像典型的重男轻女的家庭一样，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家务。A. favred赞成；B. tlerated容忍；C. trusted信任；D. acknwledged承认。根据上文“She did nt have a chance t g t schl. Like in typical families”并结合语境可推知，此处指作者祖母生活的年代是重男轻女的，所以祖母才不被允许上学。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像典型的重男轻女的家庭一样，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家务。A.gardening园艺；B. hmewrk家庭作业；C. business商务；D.husewrk家务。结合语境，再根据上文“my grandma had t stay at hme”可推知，此处指作者祖母在家里做家务。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她唯一能抓住的学习机会是当她的哥哥和家庭教师一起上语文课的时候。A. exercise锻炼；B. study学习；C. explre探索；D. teach教学。根据上文“She did nt have a chance t g t schl.”以及下文“with the family tutr”可推知，此处指祖母不被允许上学，自己找机会学习。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她唯一能抓住的学习机会是当她的哥哥和家庭教师一起上语文课的时候。A. fd食物；B. guests客人；C. lessns课程；D. tea茶。根据上文“having Chinese”以及下文“with the family tutr”可推知，此处指祖母的哥哥和家庭教师一起上语文课。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她会安静地坐在长长的餐桌的另一端，仔细地听着。A.clsely仔细地、紧密地；B. directly直接地；C. nervusly紧张地；D. freely自由地。根据上文“The nly pprtunity she culd seize t study was when her brther was having Chinese lessns with the family tutr. She wuld sit quietly at the far end f the lng dinner table”可推知，此处指祖母抓住学习机会，仔细地旁听学习。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项训练教会了她把中文倒过来读和写——这项技能被证明是非常实用的，尤其是当我们分享报纸的时候。A. prfessinal专业的；B. awkward令人尴尬的；C. simple简单的；D. practical实用的。根据上文“This training taught her t read and write her Chinese upside dwn”以及下文“especially whenever we share the newspaper”可推知，此处指祖母学会的技能是非常实用的。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在大多数周末，我的祖母，当时还是个小女孩，和她的哥哥会去海滩。A. market市场；B. muntain山；C. beach海滩；D. class班级。根据下文“they wuld walk thrugh deep water, sit dwn crss-legged underwater”可推知，此处指祖母和哥哥去海滩玩水。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他们会穿过深水，盘腿坐在水下，屏住呼吸，看着周围发生的一切。A. secret秘密；B. breath呼吸；C. view视野；D. tngue舌头。根据上文“they wuld walk thrugh deep water, sit dwn crss-legged underwater”可推知，此处指祖母和哥哥在水下屏住呼吸。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很钦佩她在水下张开嘴，还能舒服地坐在海底的能力。A. admire钦佩；B. ntice注意到；C.adpt采纳；D. value重视。根据下文“her ability t pen her _______ underwater and still sit cmfrtably n the seabed”可推知，此处指作者佩服祖母在水里的能力。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很钦佩她在水下张开嘴，还能舒服地坐在海底的能力。A. hands手；B. muth嘴；C. eyes眼睛；D. arms胳膊。根据上文“pen her”以及下文“still sit cmfrtably n the seabed”可推知，此处指祖母张开嘴在水底坐着。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与她的童年相比，我的童年相当快乐。A. difficult困难的；B. cmplex复杂的；C. happy快乐的；D. similar相似的。通读全文，再根据“cmpared with hers”可推知，此处指与祖母的童年经历相比，作者的童年相当快乐。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激我不需要像她那样经历磨难。A. grateful感激的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. cnvinced深信不疑的；D. regretful后悔的。根据上文“My childhd is quite happy cmpared with hers.”可推知，此处指作者很感激自己的童年是快乐的。故选A。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我很感激我不需要像她那样经历磨难。A. reflect upn思考；B. g thrugh经历；C. ask abut询问；D. prepare fr准备。根据上文“I am grateful that I did nt need”以及下文“the hardships like she did”可推知，此处指作者感激自己不需要经历祖母经历过的那些磨难。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有遇到过受教育的问题。A.unemplyment失业；B. health健康；C. educatin教育；D. cmmunicatin沟通。通读全文，再根据上文“She did nt have a chance t g t schl.”可推知，文章主要讲了祖母不被允许上学，没受过教育的困境，所以此处指作者从来没有遇到过受教育的问题。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想是我们不同的童年背景让我的祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人：她的故事总是让我的历史教科书鲜活起来。A. attend出席；B. refer参考；C. lead领导；D. talk对话、讨论。结合上文祖母给作者讲故事，再根据上文“makes my grandmther such an amazing persn”可推知，此处指祖母的经历使祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人。talk t“与某人交谈”。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想是我们不同的童年背景让我的祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人：她的故事总是让我的历史教科书鲜活起来。A. cme true成真；B. cme rund苏醒；C. cme ut出现；D. cme alive变得生动。根据上文“I guess ur different childhd backgrund is what makes my grandmther such an amazing persn t talk t: her stries always make my histry textbks”可推知，此处指作者祖母的经历和故事丰富了作者的人生，使历史书上的故事变得生动鲜活，跃然纸上。
故选D。
(2023年1月浙江首考)
The sun was beginning t sink as I set ff int the Harenna Frest. I was n my way t 41 a unique hney harvest. Here, in suth-east Ethipia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the 42 . Reaching them t get the hney is difficult—and ften 43 .
I 44 beekeeper Ziyad ver a wide stretch f grassland befre entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparatins. He 45 handfuls f damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 46 the bunch t create a trch(火把). Then, with ne end f a rpe tied t his waist and the ther end arund the trunk f a tree, Ziyad began 47 . He stpped every few minutes t mve the 48 higher up the tree trunk.
49 , Ziyad gt clse t the hive which was arund 20 metres abve the grund. Sitting n a branch, he 50 twards it and blew smke frm his trch int a tiny hle in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let ut a sharp cry. Within secnds, he’d 51 the trunk and was back n the grund.
It was t 52 t cllect the hney. A cl summer had delayed 53 . Baby bees were still in the hneycmbs(蜂巢). The adult bees were 54 and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped frm the tree. He had t wait fr the right 55 t g back up.
41．A．shareB．cllectC．celebrateD．witness
42．A．curtyardsB．fieldsC．treetpsD．caves
43．A．urgentB．dangerusC．expensiveD．pintless
44．A．searchedB．recgnisedC．fllwedD．invited
45．A．gatheredB．cleanedC．drppedD．checked
46．A．shkB．litC．measuredD．decrated
47．A．jumpingB．talkingC．testingD．climbing
48．A．hivesB．leavesC．rpeD．hney
49．A．FinallyB．SurprisinglyC．NaturallyD．Immediately
50．A．backedB．divedC．shutedD．inched
51．A．cut ffB．gne upC．slid dwnD．held nt
52．A．highB．earlyC．fastD．clse
53．A．hatchingB．trainingC．swingD．trading
54．A．curiusB．hungryC．bredD．angry
55．A．mmentB．equipmentC．persnD．rder
【答案】
41．D 42．C 43．B 44．C 45．A 46．B 47．D 48．C 49．A 50．D 51．C 52．B 53．A 54．D 55．A
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的Ziyad，进行的一次独特的采蜜经历。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A. share分享；B. cllect收集；C. celebrate庆祝；D. witness见证；目睹。根据下文“I _______ beekeeper Ziyad ver a wide stretch f grassland befre entering a thick jungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的养蜂人Ziyad见证埃塞俄比亚传统的采蜜方式。故选D项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在埃塞俄比亚东南部，手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A. curtyards庭院；B. fields田野；领域；C. treetps树顶；D. caves洞穴。根据下文“higher up the tree trunk.”可知，手工制作的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。故选C项。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A. urgent紧急的；B. dangerus危险的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. pintless毫无意义的。根据“The adult bees were ________ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped frm the tree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是很危险的。故选B项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地，进入茂密的丛林。A. searched搜索；B. recgnised认出；C. fllwed跟随；D. invited邀请。根据前文“I was n my way t ________ a unique hney harvest.”可知，作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂人，近距离观察Ziyad如何采蜜。故选C项。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. gathered聚集、采集；B. cleaned清除；C. drpped掉落；D. checked检查。根据下文“handfuls f damp tree leaves”可知，此处指Ziyad从丛林各处，收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. shk摇晃；B. lit点燃；点亮；C. measured测量；D. decrated装饰。根据后文“t create a trch”可知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后Ziyad开始向上攀爬。A. jumping跳；B. talking谈话；C. testing测试；D. climbing攀爬。根据“higher up the tree trunk”可知，Ziyad要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D项。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每过一会儿就停下调整绳索位置，继续向上攀爬。A. hives蜂房；B. leaves树叶；C. rpe绳索；D. hney蜂蜜。根据“Then, with ne end f a rpe tied t his waist and the ther end arund the trunk f a tree,”可知，Ziyad是通过不断调整绳索的位置，保证自己安全灵活地向上攀爬。故选C项。
49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad最终到达了蜂巢。那儿距离地面大概有20米高。A. Finally最终；B. Surprisingly令人意外地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Immediately立刻。根据上文“He stpped every few minutes t mve the ________ higher up the tree trunk.”可知，身手矫健的Ziyad借助绳索不断向上攀爬，终于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置。故选A项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad坐在一节树枝上，小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，对准火把，将烟吹入蜂巢的一个小孔里。A. backed支持；B. dived跳水；C. shuted对……大声喊叫；D. inched缓慢移动。根据上文“Reaching them t get the hney is difficult—and ften _______”可知，采集蜂蜜是困难且危险的工作，这要求采蜜的人经验丰富，动作快慢节奏快慢结合，此处指Ziyad小心翼翼地将火把凑近蜂巢，将烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D项。
51．考查动词短语辨析。句意：几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面。A. cut ff切除；B. gne up上升；C. slid dwn滑下；D. held nt抓牢。根据前文“Ziyad gt clse t the hive which was arund 20 metres abve the grund.”和后文“was back n the grund”可知，Ziyad是从树顶滑下，回到地面。故选C项。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在采集蜂蜜还为时尚早。A. high高的；B. early早的；C. fast快速的；D. clse亲近的。根据下文“A cl summer had delayed ________ . Baby bees were still in the hneycmbs(蜂巢).”可知，现在蜜蜂幼虫尚未成年，蜂蜜酿造完成还需要一段时日。故选B项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A. hatching孵化；B. training培训；C. swing播种；D. trading与……作交易；交换。根据“Baby bees were still in the hneycmbs(蜂巢).”可知，此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往孵化时间更晚，尚未成年。故选A项。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad从树上逃离之时，成年蜂群被激怒了，持续不断地攻击他。A. curius好奇的；B. hungry饥饿的；C. bred无聊的；D. angry生气的。根据下文“kept attacking as Ziyad escaped frm the tree”可知，蜜蜂被外来侵入者激怒，不停地攻击Ziyad。故选D项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要等待合适的时刻，再次爬上树顶采摘蜂蜜。A. mment时刻；B. equipment设备；C. persn个人；D. rder点餐；命令。根据上文“A cl summer had delayed _______ . Baby bees were still in the hneycmbs(蜂巢).”可知，蜂蜜尚未形成，Ziyad只好另待时机，等幼虫变成成年蜂后，再来采蜜。故选A项。
A
（24-25高三上·海南省直辖县级单位·阶段练习）I went n hliday recently and didn’t take a single pht. That was nt because it wasn’t an “Instagram able lcatin” r because I wasn’t having a gd time. In fact, nt taking phts wasn’t even a(n) 1 decisin, at least at first.
Nt having t 2 getting “the perfect sht” was relaxing. The tw weeks f hliday were spent being truly in the mment. The exhaustin f trying t capture every single sunset, meal and pl sht 3 . Nt snapping away like crazy saved me 4 t actually enjy every mment. It made fr a mre 5 experience. I wasn’t cnstantly distracted by angles, lighting and filters (滤镜). I simply absrbed what was happening in frnt f me.
The irny (讽刺之处) is that mst peple take a picture in rder t keep a memry 6 . Nevertheless, psychlgists say yu’re actually rewriting ver that memry by ding s.
Linda Henkel, a psychlgy prfessr at Fairfield University, cnducted a study in 2014 with 28 university students. These students were asked t bserve 15 bjects with their wn 7 and snap phts f 15 thers in a museum. When they were tested the next day, they weren’t able t remember as many features f the bjects that they had 8 cmpared with thse they had seen with their eyes. Henkel fund that taking phts led t an “impairment effect.” That is t say, the subjects remembered fewer 9 f an experience.
“As sn as yu hit ‘click’ n that camera, it’s as if yu’ve utsurced (外包) yur memry,” she says. “We have this expectatin that the camera is ging t remember things fr us, s we dn’t have t cntinue 10 that bject and we dn’t engage in the types f things that wuld therwise help us t remember it.” With smartphnes and devices that autmatically (自动地) take a picture every 30 secnds, hw much is t much? Hw d we knw when we are taking t many pictures and 11 ur memries?
12 mst f us are taking mre phts than we can handle. Wh amng us hasn’t regularly wndered what t d with ur smartphne phts and struggled t 13 ld nes t clear ut strage space?
We’ve already been tld that Instagramming fd makes meals taste 14 . Perhaps that’s why I ate such delicius fd n my recent tw-week hliday.
As 15 as it may be t snap away t my heart’s cntent, I think I’m ging t start putting the phne dwn mre ften in rder t actually enjy the time with my lved nes instead.
1．A．finalB．rightC．intentinalD．tugh
2．A．stp withB．fcus nC．benefit frmD．fight fr
3．A．mved upB．ran dwnC．went utD．fell away
4．A．timeB．mneyC．spaceD．need
5．A．excitingB．carefreeC．prfessinalD．useful
6．A．sateB．crrectC．aliveD．available
7．A．effrtsB．pininsC．strengthsD．eyes
8．A．phtgraphedB．bservedC．discveredD．expected
9．A．mistakesB．detailsC．changesD．challenges
10．A．prcessingB．discussingC．slvingD．imprving
11．A．cnnectingB．changingC．strengtheningD．sacrificing
12．A．UnfrtunatelyB．ThankfullyC．SurprisinglyD．Obviusly
13．A．cmpareB．deleteC．replaceD．cllect
14．A．familiarB．similarC．wrseD．unusual
15．A．attractiveB．nrmalC．sillyD．rewarding
【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．A
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在度假时不拍照，反而更享受当下，并探讨了拍照对记忆的影响。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，不拍照甚至不是一个有意的决定，至少一开始不是。A. final最后的；B. right正确的；C. intentinal有意的；D. tugh艰难的。根据前文“That was nt because it wasn’t an “Instagram able lcatin” r because I wasn’t having a gd time.”及后文“at least at first”可知，一开始不拍照不是有意的决定。故选C。
2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：不必专注于拍摄“完美的照片”是很轻松的。A. stp with以……为止，停止；B. fcus n专注于；C. benefit frm从……中受益；D. fight fr为……而战。根据后文“Nt snapping away like crazy”、“Nt snapping away like crazy”以及“I wasn’t cnstantly distracted by angles, lighting and filters (滤镜). ”可知，此处指不专注于拍摄完美的照片。故选B。
3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：想要捕捉每一个日落、每一顿饭和游泳池的照片的疲惫感消失了。A. mved up上升；B. ran dwn减少，缩减；C. went ut出去，熄灭；D. fell away消失，消散。根据后文“Nt snapping away like crazy saved me ___4___ t actually enjy every mment.”可知，作者不再疯狂拍照，享受每一个时刻，拍照带来的疲惫感消失了。故选D。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不再疯狂拍照为我节省了时间去真正享受每一刻。A. time时间；B. mney金钱；C. space空间；D. need需要。根据上文“Nt snapping away like crazy”及后文“t actually enjy every mment”可知，不再疯狂拍照为我节省了时间让我可以享受每一刻。故选A。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这创造了一个更无忧无虑的体验。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. carefree无忧无虑的；C. prfessinal专业的；D. useful有用的。根据前文“The exhaustin f trying t capture every single sunset, meal and pl sht ___3___.”及后文“I wasn’t cnstantly distracted by angles, lighting and filters”可知，拍照带来的疲惫感消失了，作者不被角度、光线和滤镜分散注意力，这次体验更无忧无虑。故选B。
6．考查动词/形容词词义辨析。句意：具有讽刺意味的是，大多数人拍照是为了保持记忆鲜活。A. sate满足；B. crrect正确的；C. alive鲜活的，继续存在的；D. available可获得的。根据常识及后文“mst peple take a picture in rder t keep a memry”可知，大多数人通过拍照保持记忆鲜活，使记忆一直存在。keep sth. alive保持……鲜活。故选C。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些学生被要求用自己的眼睛观察博物馆里的15件物品，并为另外15件物品拍照。A. effrts努力；B. pinins观点；C. strengths优点；D. eyes眼睛。根据后文“cmpared with thse they had seen with their eyes”可知，此处指用自己的眼睛观察物品。故选D。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们第二天接受测试时，与他们亲眼看到的物品相比，他们无法回忆起自己拍照的物品的那么多特征。A. phtgraphed拍照；B. bserved观察；C. discvered发现；D. expected期待。根据前文“snap phts f 15 thers”可知，此处指拍照的物品。故选A。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：也就是说，受试者记住的经历的细节更少。A. mistakes错误；B. details细节；C. changes改变；D. challenges挑战。根据后文“they weren’t able t remember as many features f the bjects that they had ___8___ cmpared with thse they had seen with their eyes. Henkel fund that taking phts led t an “impairment effect.””可知，此处指记住的细节更少。故选B。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们期望相机会为我们记住东西，所以我们不必继续审阅那个物体，我们也不会做那些否则会帮助我们记住它的事情。A. prcessing处理，审阅；B. discussing讨论；C. slving解决；D. imprving提高。根据后文“that bject and we dn’t engage in the types f things that wuld therwise help us t remember it.”可知，我们不必继续审阅那个物体，即关注物体。故选A。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们怎么知道我们拍了太多照片，牺牲了我们的记忆？A. cnnecting连接；B. changing改变；C. strengthening加强；D. sacrificing牺牲。根据前文“Henkel fund that taking phts led t an “impairment effect.””以及“we dn’t engage in the types f things that wuld therwise help us t remember it.”可知，此处指拍太多照片牺牲记忆。故选D。
12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我们大多数人拍的照片比我们能够处理的要多。A. Unfrtunately不幸地；B. Thankfully感谢地；C. Surprisingly惊讶地；D. Obviusly明显地。根据后文“mre phts than we can handle”可知，此处指不幸的是拍的照片太多。故选A。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们中谁没有经常想知道如何处理我们的智能手机照片，并努力删除旧照片以腾出存储空间？A. cmpare比较；B. delete删除；C. replace取代；D. cllect收集。根据后文“t clear ut strage space”可知，此处指删除旧照片腾出空间。故选B。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们已经被告知，在社交媒体上晒美食会让饭菜味道变差。A. familiar熟悉的；B. similar相似的；C. wrse更糟的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据上文“The tw weeks f hliday were spent being truly in the mment.”以及下文“Perhaps that’s why I ate such delicius fd n my recent tw-week hliday”可知，此处指拍照在社交媒体上晒美食会让饭菜味道变差，作者由此认为这两周假期里吃的食物非常美味是因为最近没有拍照，故选C。
15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管随心所欲地拍照可能很有吸引力，但我认为我会开始更经常地放下手机，以便真正享受与亲人在一起的时光。A. attractive有吸引力的；B. nrmal正常的；C. silly愚蠢的；D. rewarding值得的。根据后文“t snap away t my heart’s cntent”以及“I think I’m ging t start putting the phne dwn mre ften in rder t actually enjy the time with my lved nes instead.”可知，此处指随心所欲地拍照很有吸引力，但是作者决定要放下手机享受和亲爱的人在一起的时光。故选A。
B
（24-25高三上·山东·阶段练习）As a graduate student in Chicag, Andria was given the much exhausting jb f cllecting survey data as part f an academic research prject. Each time she apprached a passer-by, she thught she wuld be tld hw annyed they were. Yet the bad respnses 16 came. Many mre peple were 17 t answer the questinnaires than she had 18 .
Was it pssible, she wndered, that mst f us are wrng abut whether peple want t respnd t ur requests? Over the fllwing decade, she cnducted multiple studies that 19 this was indeed the case: under many circumstances, peple are ften mre likely t 20 than we assume.
21 , it seemed that the results prvided a refreshingly 22 view f human nature. “It is 23 t knw that peple are mre likely t d things fr yu than expected.” Hwever, with time ging by and mre reflectins n the results, Andria has cme t 24 that her results reflect a brader tendency that we usually 25 hw much influence ur wrds can have n thers, whether we’re asking them t 26 gd r bad actins. Peple ften agree t d what they are asked because they find it t 27 t say n, even smetimes feeling uncmfrtable with ur 28 .
Knwing this can help us understand hw ur demands might 29 ther peple particularly in the wrkplace, helping us adjust ur needs accrdingly in ways that respect peple’s 30 and withut taking what they have dne fr us fr granted.
16．A．frequentlyB．eventuallyC．rarelyD．tentatively
17．A．reluctantB．readyC．accessibleD．hesitant
18．A．recgnizedB．transferredC．cmmittedD．anticipated
19．A．made frB．marked utC．made utD．made sure
20．A．ignreB．cperateC．rejectD．cmplain
21．A．On the surfaceB．On the whleC．On the cntraryD．On the g
22．A．neutralB．criticalC．negativeD．ptimistic
23．A．ridiculusB．awesmeC．discuragingD．influential
24．A．denyB．dubtC．appreciateD．subscribe
25．A．undervalueB．verstateC．misleadD．crrelate
26．A．imitateB．perceiveC．measureD．perfrm
27．A．awkwardB．deliberateC．trickyD．amused
28．A．recmmendatinsB．requestsC．questsD．annuncements
29．A．distinguishB．impressC．emergeD．impact
30．A．defenseB．assumptinsC．bundariesD．cnfusin
【答案】
16．C 17．B 18．D 19．D 20．B 21．A 22．D 23．B 24．C 25．A 26．D 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文讲述了芝加哥一名研究生安德里亚在收集调查数据时意外发现，人们往往比预期更愿意回应他人的请求。她通过多年研究证实，人们通常低估了自己言语对他人行为的影响力，这反映了一种更广泛的倾向。了解这一点有助于我们理解自身需求如何影响他人，特别是在职场中，从而让我们以尊重他人感受的方式调整需求。
16．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，很少收到不好的回复。A. frequently经常地；B. eventually最终；C. rarely很少地；D. tentatively暂定地，试探性地。根据前文的“Each time she apprached a passer-by, she thught she wuld be tld hw annyed they were.”以及句首“Yet”可知上下文构成转折关系，每次安德里亚向路人提出请求时，都以为会被拒绝，但实际情况是“很少收到不好的回复”。故选C项。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：比她预想的，更多的人愿意回答问卷。A. reluctant不情愿的；B. ready乐意的；C. accessible可进入的；D. hesitant犹豫的。根据前文“Yet the bad respnses ________ came.”以及后文的“than she had ________ .”可知，此处指比她预想的更多的人愿意回答问卷。be ready t d sth.表示“乐意做某事”。故选B项。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. recgnized认出；B. transferred转移；C. cmmitted承诺；D. anticipated预料。根据前文“Each time she apprached a passer-by, she thught she wuld be tld hw annyed they were.”以及后文“that mst f us are wrng abut whether peple want t respnd t ur requests”可知，安德里亚对人们是否会回应她的请求的预期是错误的，所以此处指愿意回答问卷的人比她预想的多。故选D项。
19．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在接下来的十年里，她进行了多项研究，确保事实确实如此：在许多情况下，人们往往比我们想象的更愿意合作。A. made fr向……移动；B. marked ut标出；C. made ut理解，辨认出；D. made sure确保，查明，核实，弄清（某事属实或已做）。根据后文的“this was indeed the case”可知，安德里亚进行多项研究是为了弄清楚事实确实如此。故选D项。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. ignre忽视；B. cperate合作；C. reject拒绝；D. cmplain抱怨。根据前文的“Many mre peple were _______ t answer the questinnaires than she had _______ .”可知，比她预想的，更多的人愿意回答问卷，所以此处指人们往往比我们想象的更愿意合作。故选B项。
21．考查介词短语辨析。句意：表面上，结果似乎提供了一个令人耳目一新的人性乐观观点。A. On the surface表面上；B. On the whle大体上，总体而言；C. On the cntrary相反；D. On the g十分活跃，非常忙碌。根据后文的“Hwever, with time ging by and mre reflectins n the results”可知，然而，随着时间的推移和对结果的更多反思，作者发现事情并非“表面上”那样，所以此处指表面上，结果似乎提供了一个令人耳目一新的人性乐观观点。故选A项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. neutral中立的；B. critical批评的；C. negative消极的；D. ptimistic乐观的。根据“It is _______ t knw that peple are mre likely t d things fr yu than expected.”可知，人们比预期的更愿意为你做事，这是一个令人乐观的发现，所以此处指结果似乎提供了一个令人耳目一新的人性乐观观点。故选D项。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“知道人们比预期的更愿意为你做事真是太棒了。”A. ridiculus荒谬的；B. awesme令人敬畏的，很棒的；C. discuraging令人沮丧的；D. influential有影响力的。根据“peple are mre likely t d things fr yu than expected”可知，人们比预期的更愿意为你做事，所以这是一件非常棒的事情。故选B项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着时间的推移和对结果的更多反思，Andria明白到她的结果反映了一个更广泛的趋势，即我们通常低估了我们的言语能对他人产生多大的影响。A. deny否认；B. dubt怀疑；C. appreciate理解，意识到，欣赏；D. subscribe订阅。根据前文“Hwever, with time ging by and mre reflectins n the results”可知，此处指安德里亚对研究结果进行了更多的反思后意识到的事情。故选C项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. undervalue低估；B. verstate夸大；C. mislead误导；D. crrelate相互关联。根据后文“whether we’re asking them t ________ gd r bad actins.”以及“ Peple ften agree t d what they are asked because they find it t ______ t say n, even smetimes feeling uncmfrtable with ur ______.”可知，我们要求别人做好事或坏事，别人都会同意，所以通常低估了言语对他人的影响力。故选A项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论我们是要求他们做好事还是坏事。A. imitate模仿；B. perceive注意到，认为；C. measure测量；D. perfrm执行，做。根据后文的“gd r bad actins”可知，这里指做好事或坏事，perfrm actins意为“采取行动，执行操作”，符合语境。故选D项。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们经常同意做他们被要求做的事情，因为他们觉得拒绝太尴尬了，有时甚至对我们的请求感到不舒服。A. awkward尴尬的；B. deliberate故意的；C. tricky狡猾的；D. amused逗乐的，觉得好笑的。根据后文的“even smetimes feeling uncmfrtable with ur ________ .”可知，人们会因为拒绝会感到尴尬或不舒服而同意做他们被要求做的事情。故选A项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. recmmendatins推荐；B. requests请求；C. quests探索，寻求；D. annuncements公告。根据上文的“whether we’re asking them t _______ gd r bad actins.”以及句中“Peple ften agree t d what they are asked”可知，这里指对别人的请求感到不舒服。故选B项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：了解这一点可以帮助我们理解我们的需求如何影响他人，特别是在工作场所，从而帮助我们以尊重他人界限的方式相应地调整我们的需求，并且不要把他们对我们所做的事情视为理所当然。A. distinguish区分；B. impress使印象深刻；C. emerge浮现；D. impact影响。根据后文的“helping us adjust ur needs accrdingly in ways that respect peple’s ________ and withut taking what they have dne fr us fr granted.”可知，了解这一点可以帮助以尊重他人界限的方式相应地调整我们的需求，即了解这一点也可以帮助我们理解我们的需求是如何影响他人的。故选D项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. defense防御；B. assumptins假设；C. bundaries界限；D. cnfusin困惑。根据上文的“helping us adjust ur needs accrdingly”以及下文“withut taking what they have dne fr us fr granted”可知，了解这一点可以帮助我们相应地调整需求，从而尊重他人的界限，不要把他们对我们所做的事情视为理所当然。故选C项。
C
（24-25高三上·四川成都·阶段练习）The past 10 mnths has been the mst influential mnths f my life.
As a junir, I left my cmfrtable hme in Illinis and 31 ging t the Navaj Indian Reservatin in Arizna. There I attended a lcal prly­-equipped schl and 32 fr an adventure. I experienced s many 33 when I arrived, fighting each day t 34 in a new scial envirnment—vercming racial differences, handling scial 35 ...
During the summer vacatin I 36 t be a cunselr (顾问) at an Easter Seals camp fr peple with 37 needs wh require assistance because f disabilities and imprve their ability t d things alne. It was the mst tiring wrk I’d ever experienced but the mst 38 . I knew that I’d helped imprve ver 850 campers’ 39 .
As the new schl year began, ur department had a renvatin (翻新). I ffered t help clean up all the 40 bks. Instead f recycling hundreds f thse bks, I 41 the department that the bks culd serve a higher 42 . This simple act resulted in an all-ut bk drive benefiting the schls in Arizna.
The 10-­mnth experience in Arizna 43 me greatly. It made me becme a persn with patience, appreciatin, determinatin, and 44 enthusiasm. I trust that it is thrugh enthusiasm, ideas and actin that all changes can 45 .
31．A．practisedB．riskedC．escapedD．cnsidered
32．A．settled nB．settled frC．settled upD．settled in
33．A．miraclesB．pleasuresC．blwsD．burdens
34．A．surviveB．succeedC．recverD．return
35．A．relatinshipsB．cmmunicatinsC．cnflictsD．respnsibilities
36．A．prmisesB．determinedC．affrdedD．learned
37．A．essentialB．nrmalC．specialD．natural
38．A．challengingB．rewardingC．demandingD．appealing
39．A．patienceB．independenceC．intelligenceD．cnfidence
40．A．unturnedB．invaluableC．unbeneficialD．unwanted
41．A．remindedB．cmfrtedC．infrmedD．cnvinced
42．A．attemptB．targetC．purpseD．standard
43．A．transfrmedB．enlightenedC．educatedD．impressed
44．A．after allB．abve allC．at allD．in all
45．A．wrkB．spreadC．matterD．ccur
【答案】
31．B 32．D 33．C 34．A 35．C 36．B 37．C 38．B 39．B 40．D 41．D 42．C 43．A 44．B 45．D
【导语】本文是篇夹叙夹议文。文章描述了作者在亚利桑那州的纳瓦霍印第安人保留地的十个月的生活经历，这段经历改变了他，使他成为了一个有耐心、感恩心、决心和充满热情的人。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大三时，我离开了伊利诺斯州舒适的家，冒险去了亚利桑那州的纳瓦霍印第安人保留地。A. practised练习；B. risked冒险；C. escaped逃脱；D. cnsidered考虑。根据句中的“left my cmfrtable hme”和下句“There I attended a lcal prly­ equipped schl and fr an adventure.(在那里，我进入了一所设备简陋的当地学校，并进行了一次冒险。)”中的“adventure”可知，作者去亚利桑那州是冒着一定风险的。故选B。
32．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在那里，我上了一所设备简陋的当地学校，在那里安顿下来，并开始了一段冒险之旅。A. settled n选定；B. settled fr勉强接受；C. settled up偿还欠款；D. settled in安顿下来，适应新环境。根据上文“As a junir, I left my cmfrtable hme in Illinis and ging t the Navaj Indian Reservatin in Arizna.(大三时，我离开了伊利诺斯州舒适的家，冒险去了亚利桑那州的纳瓦霍印第安人保留地。)”可知，作者离开家，去了亚利桑那州，应该是在那里安顿下来后，准备开始自己的冒险经历。故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：刚来的时候，我经历了这么多的打击，每天为了在新的社会环境中生存而斗争——克服种族差异，处理社会冲突……A. miracles奇迹；B. pleasures快乐；C. blws打击；D. burdens负担。根据句中“fighting each day t in a new scial envirnment—vercming racial differences, handling scial ...”可知，作者在新环境需要克服种族差异，处理社会冲突，为生存而都斗争，这期间应该是经历了许多的打击。故选C。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：刚来的时候，我经历了这么多的打击，每天为了在新的社会环境中生存而斗争——克服种族差异，处理社会冲突……A. survive生存、存活；B. succeed成功；C. recver恢复、康复；D. return返回。根据句中“in a new scial envirnment”可知，作者来到一个新的社会环境，每天都要经历诸如克服种族差异，处理社会冲突这样的斗争，都是为了能够生存下来。故选A。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：刚来的时候，我经历了太多的打击，每天为了在新的社会环境中生存而斗争——克服种族差异，处理社会冲突……A. relatinships关系；B. cmmunicatins交流；C. cnflicts冲突、矛盾；D. respnsibilities责任。根据“fighting each day t ”和“vercming racial differences”可知，空处应该是个贬义词，作者为了生存需要斗争，要克服种族差异，还应该要处理社会矛盾和冲突。故选C。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：暑假期间，我决定在复活节海豹夏令营当一名辅导员，这个夏令营是为有特殊需要的人而设的，他们因为残疾而需要帮助，提高他们独自做事的能力。A. prmises承诺；B. determined决定；C. affrded负担得起；D. learned学习。根据“It was the mst tiring wrk I’d ever experienced but the mst 8 .(这是我经历过的最累人的工作，但也是最值得的。)”可知，作者在暑假期间在复活节海豹营当了一名辅导员，这应该是他当时的选择和决定。故选B。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：暑假期间，我决定在复活节海豹夏令营当一名辅导员，这个夏令营是为有特殊需要的人而设的，他们因为残疾而需要帮助，提高他们独自做事的能力。A. essential基本的、必不可少的；B. nrmal正常的；C. special特殊的；D. natural自然的。根据句中“disabilities”可知，夏令营里都是一些身患残疾的人，他们和正常人相比会有一些特殊的需要。故选C。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我经历过的最累人的工作，但也是最值得的。A. challenging有挑战性的；B. rewarding值得的、有意义的；C. demanding要求高的；D. appealing有吸引力的。根据句中“tiring”和“but”可知，这个工作虽然很累，但是因为帮助了有需要的人，所以应该还是很值得的。故选B。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我已经帮助850多名营员提高了独立性。A. patience耐心；B. independence独立；C. intelligence智力；D. cnfidence信心。根据上文“wh require assistance because f disabilities and imprve their ability t d things alne.(他们因为残疾而需要帮助，提高他们独自做事的能力。)”可知，这些营员因为残疾需要帮助，提高他们独立做事的能力，故作者帮助他们提高了独立性。故选B。
40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我主动提出帮忙清理所有不需要的书。A. unturned未翻转的；B. invaluable宝贵的；C. unbeneficial无益的；D. unwanted不需要的。根据下文“Instead f recycling hundreds f thse bks(没有回收数百本这样的书)”中的“recycle”可知，这应该都是一些不需要的书，需要被清理。故选D。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有回收数百本这样的书，而是说服了系里的人，这些书可以为更高的目的服务。A. reminded提醒；B. cmfrted安慰；C. infrmed通知；D. cnvinced说服、使信服。根据句中“Instead f recycling hundreds f thse bks”可知，系里本来是要回收这些书的，但是作者认为它们可以为更高的目的服务，所以需要说服系里，使他们相信这些书有更好的用处。故选D。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有回收数百本这样的书，而是说服了系里的人，这些书可以为更高的目的服务。A. attempt尝试、企图；B. target目标；C. purpse目的；D. standard标准。根据下句“This simple act resulted in an all-ut bk drive benefiting the schls in Arizna.(这个简单的举动导致了一场全面的图书募捐活动，使亚利桑那州的学校受益。)”可知，作者认为这些书可以为更高的目的服务。故选C。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在亚利桑那州10个月的经历极大地改变了我。A. transfrmed使转变、使改观；B. enlightened启发、开导；C. educated教育；D. impressed使印象深刻。根据下句“It made me becme a persn with patience, appreciatin, determinatin, and enthusiasm.(它使我成为一个有耐心、感恩心、决心，最重要的是有热情的人。)”可知，这10个月的经历是作者成为了一个有耐心、感恩心、决心，有热情的人，使他发生了极大的转变。故选A。
44．考查固定短语辨析。句意：它使我成为一个有耐心、感恩心、决心，最重要的是有热情的人。A. after all毕竟；B. abve all首先、最重要的；C. at all根本、丝毫；D. in all总共。根据下句“I trust that it is thrugh enthusiasm, ideas and actin that all changes can (我相信，通过热情、想法和行动，所有的改变都会发生。)”可知，作者认为有热情、想法和行动是最重要的。故选B。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我相信，通过热情、想法和行动，所有的改变都会发生。A. wrk工作、起作用；B. spread传播；C. matter有关系、要紧；D. ccur发生。根据前两句“The 10-­mnth experience in Arizna me greatly. It made me becme a persn with patience, appreciatin, determinatin, and enthusiasm.(在亚利桑那州10个月的经历极大地改变了我，它使我成为一个有耐心、感恩心、决心，最重要的是有热情的人。)”可知，作者认为自己那10个月的经历，使自己成为有热情、有想法、有行动的人，从而极大地改变了自己，因此他相信通过热情、想法和行动，所有的改变都会发生。故选D。
D
（24-25高三上·广西·阶段练习）Learning t draw is challenging, and finding effective practice methds can be even harder. Repetitin is crucial, but it shuldn’t kill the jy f 46 . I had been self-teaching fr years with 47 prgress, despite having tried lts f bks and curses and filled endless pages with bxes, parallel 48 and figures.
But smething 49 when I started sketchbking (速描) this year. The sketchbks led t a shift in mindset. Rather than trying t practice as befre, I was engaging in scribbling (乱涂乱画). I started carrying sketchbks 50 , capturing scenes and mments. These bks became an essential part f my experiences and a way fr me t wrk thrugh stuff, especially during 51 times when my wife had a health scare and was in the hspital.
I spke with Danny Gregry, a sketchbking enthusiast, t try t 52 why I had becme s taken by my new passin. He 53 that traditinal drawing practice feels academic and unexpressive. Instead, he advcated fr expressive, repetitive, and fcused practice, like 54 a sketchbk with drawings f a mrning tea cup.
Inspired, I cmpleted tw sketchbks full f prtraits, nt as studies fr future wrk, but as individual 55 . My current sketchbk tackles my biggest challenge—drawing 56 . Nw I’m nt 57 it as I did befre because drawing a bunch f hands isn’t just practice anymre.
Sketchbking has becme an 58 part f my life. It has allwed me t 59 mments and wrk thrugh emtins, making the act f drawing nt just a 60 t master but a frm f persnal expressin and therapy.
46．A．teachingB．learningC．readingD．writing
47．A．littleB．rapidC．steadyD．significant
48．A．wavesB．edgesC．linesD．dts
49．A．clickedB．wrsenedC．develpedD．remained
50．A．nwhereB．everywhereC．anywhereD．smewhere
51．A．dullB．easyC．rdinaryD．difficult
52．A．figure utB．srt utC．turn utD．hand ut
53．A．refusedB．insistedC．explainedD．prmised
54．A．startingB．fillingC．sharingD．buying
55．A．draftsB．plansC．expressinsD．cpies
56．A．animalsB．handsC．headsD．figures
57．A．fearingB．ignringC．criticizingD．praising
58．A．adaptableB．unacceptableC．awkwardD．enjyable
59．A．captureB．releaseC．interpretD．avid
60．A．wayB．hbbyC．gameD．skill
【答案】
46．B 47．A 48．C 49．A 50．B 51．D 52．A 53．C 54．B 55．C 56．B 57．A 58．D 59．A 60．D
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲的是作者通过自己的绘画经历明白了素描这种画画方式不仅让作者能够捕捉瞬间，并且通过情感进行工作，使得绘画行为不仅仅是一种需要掌握的技能，而且是一种个人表达和治疗的形式。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：重复是至关重要的，但它不应该扼杀学习的乐趣。A. teaching教学，教训；B. learning学习；C. reading阅读；D. writing写字。根据上文“Learning t draw is challenging, and finding effective practice methds can be even harder. Repetitin is crucial, but it shuldn’t kill the jy f”可知，此处指的是重复作为练习的重要方法不应该扼杀掉学习的乐趣。故选B项。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多年来，我自学了很多书籍和课程，在无数页上画满了方框、平行线和数字，但收效甚微。A. little微不足道的；B. rapid迅速的；C. steady平稳的；D. significant重要的。根据后文“despite having tried lts f bks and curses and filled endless pages with bxes, parallel ___3___ and figures.”可知，虽然多年来我练习了很多，但几乎没有进步，介词despite(尽管)表示前后内容相反。故选A项。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年来，我自学了很多书籍和课程，在无数张纸上画满了方框、平行线和数字，但收效甚微。A. waves波浪；B. edges边缘；C. lines线；D. dts点。根据空前的“filled endless pages with bxes, parallel”以及空后的“and figures.”可知，此处指的是画画时所画的平行线，parallel lines (平行线)。故选C项。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当我今年开始记速写的时候，我突然明白了。A. clicked突然明白；B. wrsened恶化；C. develped发展；D. remained逗留。根据后文“The sketchbks led t a shift in mindset. Rather than trying t practice as befre, I was engaging in scribbling (乱涂乱画). I started carrying sketchbks ___5___ , capturing scenes and mments.”可知，此处指的是速写本让我明白了我不应该再像以往那样进行大量的重复性练习，click (突然明白；恍然大悟)。故选A项。
50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我开始随身携带速写本，捕捉场景和瞬间。A. nwhere无处；B. everywhere到处；C. anywhere在任何地方D. smewhere在某个地方。根据空前“I started carrying sketchbks”以及空后“capturing scenes and mments”可知，此处指的是作者无论到哪里去都随身带着速写本来捕捉场景和瞬间。故选B项。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些书成为我人生经历的重要组成部分，也是我克服困难的一种方式，尤其是在我妻子生病住院的困难时期。A. dull无聊的；B. easy容易的；C. rdinary普通的；D. difficult困难的。根据空后“times when my wife had a health scare and was in the hspital.”可知，作者的妻子生病住院了，所以可以推测妻子住院这段时间对于作者来说肯定是艰难的。故选D项。
52．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和速写爱好者Danny Gregry聊了聊，试图弄清楚为什么我对自己的新爱好如此着迷。A. figure ut弄明白；B. srt ut理解后找到（某物的原因或解决办法）；C. turn ut证明是；D. hand ut分发。根据空后“why I had becme s taken by my new passin.”可知，此处指的是作者想要弄清楚自己为什么会对自己的新爱好如此着迷，figure ut (搞清楚；弄明白)，固定搭配。故选A项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，传统的绘画实践给人一种学术性和缺乏表现力的感觉。A. refused拒绝；B. insisted坚持；C. explained解释；D. prmised承诺。概括空后“that traditinal drawing practice feels academic and unexpressive.”可知，Danny Gregry在向我解释原因。故选C项。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，他提倡富有表现力的、重复的、专注的练习，比如在速写本上画一个早晨的茶杯。A. starting开始；B. filling充满；C. sharing分享；D. buying购买。根据空后“a sketchbk with drawings f a mrning tea cup.”可知，此处指的是在素描本上画满茶杯，fill…with… (使充满；使填满)。故选B项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：受到启发，我完成了两本画满肖像的速写本，不是作为未来工作的研究，而是作为个人的表达。A. drafts草稿；B. plans计划；C. expressins表达；D. cpies副本。根据后文“t master but a frm f persnal expressin and therapy.”可知，作者将他的素描本当成了一种个人表达的方式。故选C项。
56．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我现在的速写本解决了我最大的挑战——画手。A. animals动物；B. hands手；C. heads头；D. figures数字。根据后文“Nw I’m nt ______ it as I did befre because drawing a bunch f hands isn’t just practice anymre.”可知，画手曾经是我最大的挑战。故选B项。
57．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我不像以前那样害怕了，因为画一堆手不再只是练习了。A. fearing害怕；B. ignring忽视；C. criticizing批评；D. praising表扬。根据后文“My current sketchbk tackles my biggest challenge—drawing ______ .”可知，我曾经害怕画手。故选A项。
58．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：速写已成为我生活中令人愉快的一部分。A. adaptable能适应的；B. unacceptable不能接受的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. enjyable令人愉快的。根据上文“These bks became an essential part f my experiences”以及空后“part f my life.”以及后文“It has allwed me t ____ mments and wrk thrugh emtins, making the act f drawing nt just a ______ t master but a frm f persnal expressin and therapy.”可知，速写已经成为了我生活中令人愉快的一部分。故选D项。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它让我能够捕捉瞬间，并通过情感进行工作，使绘画行为不仅仅是一种需要掌握的技能，而且是一种个人表达和治疗的形式。A. capture拍摄；B. release释放；C. interpret解释；D. avid避免。根据上文“capturing scenes and mments.”可知，素描能够让我捕捉瞬间。故选A项。
60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它让我能够捕捉瞬间，并通过情感进行工作，使绘画行为不仅仅是一种需要掌握的技能，而且是一种个人表达和治疗的形式。A. way方式；B. hbby业余爱好；C. game游戏；D. skill技巧。根据空后“t master”可知，此处指的是素描是一种需要掌握的技能。故选D项。