河南省南阳市六校2024-2025学年高二上学期12月第二次联考英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份河南省南阳市六校2024-2025学年高二上学期12月第二次联考英语试卷(含答案)，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
T tip ften varies frm cuntry t cuntry. In western cuntries, it is cmmn t give tips. But in Asian cuntries, hw r hw much t tip is hard t knw clearly. T make yur next trip a little easier, here’s a guide t tipping acrss sme Asian cities.
Bangkk
In general, the mre Westernized the place is, the mre likely yu will be expected t leave a tip. Sme tp-end restaurants will add a 10% service charge t the bill. If nt, waiters will appreciate yu tacking n （附加） the 10% yurself. Hwever, if yu’re eating at a lwer-end （低档的） restaurant a tip is nt necessary. If yu’re staying at ne f Bangkk’s many five-star htels, . expect t tip the prter 20 t 50 baht （泰国货币单位）, depending n hw many bags yu have. Taxis are nw metered in Bangkk. Lcal custm is t rund the fare （车费） up t the nearest five baht.
Hng Kng
Tipping is custmary in this mney-mad metrplis （大都市）. Mst restaurants add a 10% service charge t the bill, but the extra mney ften ends up in the pcket f the wner. If the service is gd, add anther 10% t the bill, up t HK $100 in an especially nice restaurant. Fr HK $10 htel prters shuld d it at all but the nicest htels where a new HK $20 bill may be mre acceptable. When in a taxi, rund up t the nearest dllar.
Kuala Lumpur
Tipping in Malaysia is limited t the expensive Westernized htels, which ften add a 10% service charge t yur meal r htel rm. If yu are at a htel restaurant, expect a 10% service charge. But at lcal restaurants, there’s n need t add a tip. At five-star htels, , ne r tw ringgit （马来西亚货币单位） will cntent a prter. At lwer-end buildings, yu dn’t have t tip. Like Bangkk, many taxis are nw metered s yu can just rund up t the nearest ringgit.
Seul
Tipping is nt part f Krean culture, althugh it has becme a matter f curse in internatinal htels where a 10% service charge is ften added. If yu’re at a Krean barbecue jint （烧烤处）, there’s n need t add： anything extra. But a nice Italian restaurant may require a 10% cntributin. If yu’re at a tp-end htel, s expect t pay 500～1000 wn per bag. Taxi drivers dn’t accept a tip. Keep the change fr yurself.
1．In Bangkk city, if yur taxi fare is 12.8 baht, yu’d better pay ________.
A.10 baht
B.12 baht
C.15 baht
D.13 baht
2．In terms f tipping, what d the fur cities have in cmmn?
A.The lwer-level restaurants are, the lwer tips yu give.
B.The higher-level htels are, the mre tips yu shuldn’t give.
C.10% tips are universal and enugh in the fur cities.
D.In native restaurants, all f them are nt necessary t tip.
3．Accrding t the passage, we can learn that tipping may arise frm ________.
A.Seul
B.Bangkk
C.Hng Kng
D.western cuntries
As far as I can remember, my bdy and I have shared a relatinship f discntent. Grwing up, I was skinnier than the ther kids and at five I was tld I wasn’t attractive and that I must put n sme weight. But n matter hw much I ate, I stayed thin fr years until adlescence. Then I started putting n weight almst immediately. I remember feeling happy as I began t fill ut. Hwever, my jy didn’t last lng.
I was thirteen when I was first called fat. Friends and neighbrs wuld make jkes n my big size. As I entered my late teens, I had cmpletely lst cnfidence in my bdy and, subsequently, in myself. Having failed t live up t cnventinal beauty standards, I was cnvinced that if I wanted t be lved, I needed t ffer mre, ding anything t please everyne arund.
I entered adulthd thinking I wasn’t "enugh" — an idea that was seeded nt nly by the fact that "skinny" is celebrated, but als by the language assciated with accunts f lsing weight — self-imprvement, discipline — all virtues. Being fat quickly categrizes yu as lazy and undisciplined. Cnsumed by thughts f the way my bdy lked, I didn’t ntice the ther ways my bdy needed attentin. I failed t realize, fr example, that my perid was much heavier and mre painful than ever befre. Actually I develped a rare disease and later I had tw surgeries.
I was always made t feel that my weight was the rt f a lt f prblems in my life； I have learned this is nt true. After a lt f self-reflectin and sme prfessinal help, I realized I never learned t like myself. While tw decades f self-hatred cannt be undne vernight, I have taken first steps t acceptance.
I am nw much lighter than befre, in bdy and mind. There are days I find vices n scial media saying I am t fat t be lved r t be wrthy, but I am learning nt t fcus n that thught fr lng. As lng as I like myself, just the way I am, pinins at the end f the day are just water ff a duck’s back.
4．What cnclusin can we draw as t the authr frm the first tw paragraphs?
A.She culd change her weight at will.
B.She was greatly influenced by thers’ pinins.
C.She had different beauty standards frm thers.
D.She tried t lve thers t build her cnfidence.
5．Frm the mainstream’s viewpint f the bdy shape, what shuldn’t be valued?
A.Being skinny.
B.Being mderate.
C.Being strng.
D.Being verweight.
6．What des the underlined phrase mean?
A A wet duck. B. Smething imprtant.
C Nthing wrth fcusing n. D. A drwned cat.
7．What can we learn frm the text?
A.Beauty is all.
B.Leave yur weight as it is.
C.Mind yur weight.
D.Change yurself.
The Tianzhu 8 rbtic carg ship was launched n Friday night in Hainan prvince, becming the last spacecraft t visit China’s Tiangng space statin this year.
With the carg vessel n tp f it, a Lng March 7 carrier rcket lifted ff at 11：13 pm lcal time frm a launch service twer at the Wenchang Space Launch Center, accrding t the China Manned Space Agency.
After a shrt flight, the rcket placed the Tianzhu 8 int its preset lw-Earth rbit and the slar wings n the carg ship unflded, marking the successful cmpletin f the launch missin, the agency said.
The spacecraft is scheduled t apprach and then dck with the space statin’s Tianhe cre mdule within three hurs after its launch.
As the 15th spaceship t visit Tiangng, Tianzhu 8 is tasked with resupplying prpellants （n. [航]推进剂） t the Chinese space statin and delivering living and wrk necessities fr the Shenzhu XIX astrnauts, wh have been in rbit fr tw weeks.
The materials inside the carg vessel are sufficient t supprt a three-member crew fr nine mnths, accrding t its designers at the China Academy f Space Technlgy.
Tianzhu 8’s predecessr, Tianzhu 7, was unlcked frm the Tiangng space statin n Sunday and started a perid f sl flight.
It is prgrammed t fall back t Earth sn, and mst f the spaceship will burn up during reentry, althugh a small amunt f debris is expected t fall int secure areas in the Suth Pacific Ocean, accrding t the directr Mr Ma frm the space agency.
Orbiting Earth at a distance f arund 400 kilmeters, Tiangng has three permanent parts — a cre mdule （n. [航天器的]舱） and tw science capsules — and is regularly cnnected t several visiting crew and carg spaceships.
8．What is the sign that shws the success f this launch missin?
A.That the Lng March 7 carrier rcket lifted ff at 11：13 pm.
B.That Tianzhu 7 was unlcked frm the Tiangng space statin n Sunday.
C.That Tianzhu 7 entered a lw-Earth rbit and the slar wings unflded.
D.That Tianzhu 8 functined well in planned rbit.
9．What is the attitude f the directr Mr Ma twards the reentry f the Tianzhu 7?
A.Pessimistic.
B.Optimistic.
C.Neutral.
D.Ambiguus.
10．We can infer frm the passage that ________.
A.the best launch time fr Tianzhu 7 is at night
B.Tianzhu 8 entering its preset lw-Earth rbit is the last part f its missin
C.all the debris f the spaceship will be burnt during reentry
D.the supplies in Tianzhu 8 are enugh t supprt a single member crew fr ver tw years
11．What is the main idea f the passage?
A.China launches Tianzhu 8 carg craft t send supplies.
B.Tianzhu 8 is safe t launch.
C.Hw the Tianzhu 8 carg craft wrks.
D.The Tianzhu 8 carg craft was last launched.
Presently, peple are increasingly interacting with thers in scial media envirnments where algrithms （算法） cntrl the flw f scial infrmatin they see. Peple’s interactins with nline algrithms may affect hw they learn frm thers, with negative cnsequences including scial misperceptins, cnflict and the spread f misinfrmatin.
On scial media platfrms, algrithms are mainly designed t amplify （放大） infrmatin that sustains engagement, meaning they keep peple clicking n cntent and cming back t the platfrms. There is evidence suggesting that a side effect f this design is that algrithms amplify infrmatin peple are strngly biased （偏向的） t learn frm. We call this infrmatin "PRIME", fr prestigius, in-grup, mral and emtinal infrmatin.
In ur evlutinary past, biases t learn frm PRIME infrmatin were very advantageus： Learning frm prestigius （有声望的） individuals is efficient because these peple are successful and their behavir can be cpied. Paying attentin t peple wh vilate mral nrms is imprtant because punishing them helps the cmmunity maintain cperatin. But what happens when PRIME infrmatin becmes amplified by algrithms and sme peple explit （利用） algrithm amplificatin t prmte themselves?
Prestige becmes a pr signal f success because peple can fake prestige n scial media. News becme filled with negative and mral infrmatin s that there is cnflict rather than cperatin.
The interactin f human psychlgy and algrithm amplificatin leads t malfunctin because scial learning supprts cperatin and prblem-slving, but scial media algrithms are designed t increase engagement. We call it functinal mismatch. One f the key utcmes f functinal mismatch is that peple start t frm incrrect perceptins f their scial wrld, which ften ccurs in the field f plitics. Recent research suggests that when algrithms selectively amplify mre extreme plitical views, peple begin t think that their plitical in-grup and ut-grup are mre sharply divided than they really are. Such "false plarizatin" might be an imprtant surce f greater plitical cnflict.
S what’s next? A key questin is what can be dne t make algrithms facilitate accurate human scial learning rather than explit scial learning biases. Sme research team is wrking n new algrithm designs that increase engagement while als punishing PRIME infrmatin. This may maintain user activity that scial media platfrms seek, but als make peple’s scial perceptins mre accurate.
12．What is the ultimate intentin f scial media algrithms?
A.Raising the media platfrm clicking rate.
B.Generating PRIME infrmatin.
C.Aviding side effects f scial media.
D.Imprving scial envirnment.
13．Which ne is nt a feature f the functinal mismatch?
A.It tends t increase engagement.
B.It is a kind f scial learning.
C.Peple start t frm misperceptins.
D.It always happens in the field f plitics.
14．In accrdance with the authr, algrithms will be imprved in rder t ________.
A.identify biases and punish PRIME infrmatin
B.strengthen scial learning and delete biases
C.bst engagement and regulate amplificatin
D.mnitr media platfrms and guarantee users’ privacy
15．What is the best title f the text?
A.Scial media algrithms twist human scial learning
B.Algrithms cntrl the flw f scial infrmatin
C.PRIME infrmatin meets with misperceptins
D.Online algrithm designs face unexpected challenges
二、七选五
16．
It is Friendship that needs care and attentin t keep it in gd health. ① .
· Set a regular date
Lng-lasting friendships share the characteristic that bth sides equally cntact （联系） and share with ne anther. With busy schedules, squeezing in phne calls can be a challenge. Try t find a time that wrks fr bth f yu and stick t it.
· Mre isn’t always merrier
Make sure yu have cmmunicated with yur friend abut hw frequently each f yu wants t be cntacted and what methd wrks best fr yu bth. ② . There are alternatives t cnstant written cmmunicatin, such as leaving vice messages r having a grup chat.
· Practise empathy （共情）
③ The friend wh is remaining needs t be sensitive t all the additinal time demands placed n the friend wh has mved. The ne in the new envirnment shuld be sympathetic t the fact that yur friend may feel abandned.
· Remember imprtant dates.
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even mre weight in lng-distance friendships. Althugh technlgy might make day-t-day cmmunicatin pssible extra effrt ges a lng way n special days. ④ .
· Dn’t rely n technlgy alne
⑤ , but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain. Try t seek ut chances t renew friendships. Hw t d it? Just spend face-t-face time tgether whenever pssible.
A. Time is very valuable
B. Cmpensate by writing letters
C. Here are five ways t sustain lng-distance friendships
D. Simply keeping a diary f friends’ birthdays and ther imprtant dates will d
E. Friends need t talk abut their preferred methds f cmmunicatin
F. It is easy t have a sense f cnnectedness thrugh scial media
G. Yu may be the friend wh left r the ne wh was left behind
三、完形填空（15空）
In 2016, Liu Tang, a student at the Natinal Academy f Chinese Theatre Arts, saw crals at an aquarium fr the first time.
Little did he knw the chance 1 with the creature wuld spark a lifelng 2 . He began t 3 the lcal market t learn abut cral farming frm merchants selling plants, fish and crals. He als searched fr infrmatin n relevant frums nline, and befre lng, started 4 a cral in a small fish tank at hme.
“The cral rganism is quite 5 and has extremely high 6 fr water quality,” recalls Liu. “In the beginning, its state was nt gd.”
As he became better 7 f the creature, he learned that cral reefs are knwn as “trpical rainfrests” and “underwater gardens” f the cean, prviding 8 fr a quarter f all marine life. 9 , rising sea temperatures have led t cral 10 . Liu felt an increasing sense f 11 and duty t prtect them.
Fast-frward t tday, he 12 a cral cnservatinist in a Sanya-based trpical bilgical research center.
Each day, he spends several hurs diving deep under the waves t bserve and 13 the grwth and develpment f the creatures.
His stry has been 14 in the recently premiered nline prgram Burning Yuth that aims t use dcumentary shrts and in-depth studi interviews t 15 the inspiring stries f yung Chinese peple frm varius walks f life.
17．
A.encunter
B.witness
C.incident
D.appintment
18．
A.friendship
B.visin
C.passin
D.career
19．
A.study
B.discver
C.examine
D.frequent
20．
A.grwing
B.preserving
C.selecting
D.treating
21．
A.tugh
B.vulnerable
C.smth
D.impressive
22．
A.benefits
B.requirements
C.expenses
D.respnses
23．
A.reminded
B.frced
C.warned
D.infrmed
24．
A.harbrs
B.partners
C.pprtunities
D.services
25．
A.Smehw
B.Unfrtunately
C.Therefre
D.Unexpectedly
26．
A.extinctin
B.variatin
C.expansin
D.decline
27．
A.frequency
B.emergency
C.urgency
D.privacy
28．
A.cnsults with
B.applies fr
C.serves as
D.acts n
29．
A.keep track f
B.leave alne
C.shw ff
D.speed up
30．
A.revised
B.featured
C.annunced
D.cntributed
31．
A.assess
B.fllw
C.relate
D.invent
四、短文填空
32．
Perhaps n ther scientist has had a greater impact n China’s aerspace science ① Qian Xuesen.
Brn in Hangzhu in 1911, Qian attended schls in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jia Tng University ② (study) Railway Mechanical Engineering. Qian went t the United States in 1935. In the curse f the 1930s and 1940s, Qian became a pineer in American jet and rcket technlgy.
After ③ (vercme) sme difficulties during his final few years in the US, Qian returned t China in 1955. He received ④ heric welcme frm his hmeland. At that time, China was pr and its rcket science was ⑤ (develped). When ⑥ (ask) “Can we Chinese pssibly make missiles?”, he replied with determinatin “Why nt? We Chinese are able t make the same things that ther peple make.”
Under Qian’s leadership, China develped the Dngfeng missiles, fllwed by the first generatin f Lng March rckets. In 1970, China ⑦ (success) launched its first man-made satellite, Dng Fang Hng I, frm a Lng March rcket and Qian earned the name f “the father f China’s aerspace.”
Hwever, ⑧ might have made him such an utstanding and creative scientist was prbably his strng interest in ther things, such as music and drawing. His deep appreciatin fr art ften gave him ⑨ (inspire) in his scientific research.
On 31 Octber 2009, the whle cuntry ⑩ (sadden) by Qian’s death, and peple hnred and remembered him in different ways.
五、书面表达
33．假如你是李华,为了丰富校园生活,上周学校新开设了劳动体验课（Labr Experience）。请给你的留学生朋友Gerge写一封邮件邀请他同去体验。（hands-n实习）内容包括：
1. 介绍课程内容；
2. 表达邀请。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Gerge,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Upn giving a talk at a high schl, I was asked t pay a visit t a special student. An illness had kept the by hme, but he had expressed an interest in meeting me, and it wuld mean a great deal t him. I agreed.
After a nine-mile drive t his hme, I fund ut smething abut Matthew. He had muscular dystrphy （肌肉萎缩症）. When he was brn, the dctr tld his parents that he wuld nt live t see five, then they were tld he wuld nt make it t ten. Nw he was thirteen. He wanted t meet me because I was a gld-medal pwer lifter, and I knew abut vercming bstacles and ging fr my dreams.
I spent ver ne hur talking t Matthew. Never nce did he cmplain r ask, "Why me?" He spke abut winning and succeeding and ging fr his dreams. Obviusly, he knew what he was talking abut. He didn’t mentin that his classmates had made fun f him because he was different. He just talked abut his hpes fr the future, and hw ne day he wanted t lift weight with me.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When we finished talking, I went t my briefcase and pulled ut the first gld medal I wn and put it arund his neck.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Last summer I received a letter frm Matthew saying hw he had gt his wn paralympic （残奥会） medal.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案： C
解析： 根据文章中Lcal custm is t rund the fare（车费）up t the nearest five baht.可知出租车不收小费,但习惯于将车费凑成5的倍数,故选C。
2．答案： D
解析： 本题的关键是理解all和nt连用,表达半否定,意思是"并非都",所以选D：并非所有的本地餐馆都有必要付小费。故选D。
3．答案： D
解析： 根据In general, the mre Westernized the place is, the mre likely yu will be expected t leave a tip以及Tipping in Malaysia is limited t the expensive Westernized htels可以推断,付小费可能来自西方国家。故选D。
4．答案： B
解析： 结合第一段I was tld I wasn't attractive…以及第二段I was cnvinced that if I wanted t be lved, I needed t ffer mre, ding anything t please everyne arund.可知作者深受周围人的影响。故选B。
5．答案： D
解析： 根据第三段…an idea that was seeded nt nly by the fact that "skinny"is celebrated, but als by the language assciated with accunts f lsing weight…可知,社会主流意识就是以瘦为美。故D项不被看重。
6．答案： C
解析： 根据文章最后一句话As lng as I like myself, just the way I am, pinins at the end f the day are just water ff a duck's back.可知,只要爱自己,并顺其自然,那么别人的观点根本不值得重视。故选C。
7．答案： B
解析： 根据最后一段最后一句话可知作者在成长历程中,已经学会了走自己的路,不要去顾忌别人对自己的看法,故选B：不去理会自己的"体重",而是顺其自然。
8．答案： D
解析： 总结第三段的内容可知天舟8号展开太阳能板并进入预定低地轨道,就是成功发射。
故选D。
9．答案： B
解析： 根据文章倒数第二段的内容可知：虽然有少量的残骸落入安全区域,但是大多数飞船会在返回中燃烧殆尽,所以Mr Ma的态度还是乐观的。故选B。
10．答案： D
解析： 根据The materials inside the carg vessel are sufficient t supprt a three-member crew fr nine mnths可知够三个人7个月的给养,如果供给一个人可以维持 27个月,相当于 ver tw years.故选 D。
11．答案： A
解析： 本题是文章主旨大意总结题,根据第一段以及第六段的内容可知答案为A：天舟8号货运飞船发射升空目的是运送给养。故选A。
12．答案： A
解析： 根据第二段On scial media platfrms, algrithms are mainly designed t amplify （放大） infrmatin that sustains engagement, meaning they keep peple clicking n cntent and cming back t the platfrms.内容可知,算法的终极目的就是增强对网络平台的参与率、回头率、点击率。故选A。
13．答案： B
解析： 根据第四段内容,可以找到A、C和D的内容,都是信息误配（信息错位）的特征,所以B不是其特性。
14．答案： C
解析： 由最后一段Sme research team is wrking n new algrithm designs that increase engagement while als punishing PRIME infrmatin. This may maintain user activity that scial media platfrms seek, but als make peple’s scial perceptins mre accurate.可知,改进算法的目的是为了增强参与度,而且调节网络信息的人为任意放大,故选C。
15．答案： A
解析： 由第一段内容可知,文章标题是：社交媒体的算法歪曲并破坏了社交的学习。故选A。
16．答案： C； B； G； D； F
解析： ①承上启下作用,第一段是总述,故选C。
②由后句的cnstant written cmmunicatin可知此空应该是与write有关,故选B。
③根据下文The friend wh is remaining和The ne in the new envirnment可知是离开的或留下来的朋友,故选G。
④由上文特别是extra effrt ges alng way n special days可知记下朋友的生日或其他重要节日将很有用,故选D。
⑤由下文的but后的内容,特别是Just spend face-t-face time tgether whenever pssible与选项相反,可知答案为F。
17．答案： A
解析： 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他一点也不知道与这个生物的偶然相遇会点燃他一生的激情。A.encunter偶遇；B.witness目击者；C.incident事故；D.appintment约会。根据后文"the lcal market t learn abut cral farming frm merchants selling plants,fish and crals"可知,他看到珊瑚,喜欢上了珊瑚,可知是一次和珊瑚的偶然相遇。故选A。
18．答案： C
解析： 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他一点也不知道与这个生物的偶然相遇会点燃他一生的激情。A.friendship友谊；B.visin视野；C.passin激情,爱好；D.career事业。根据后文"learn abut cral farming frm merchants selling plants,fish and crals"可知,刘唐了解并且自己养殖珊瑚,可知喜欢上了珊瑚,成了一生的爱好。故选C。
19．答案： D
解析： 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始经常去当地的市场,向卖植物、鱼和珊瑚的商人学习珊瑚养殖。A.study学习；B.discver发现；C.examine检查；D.frequent常去,常出入于。根据后文"the lcal market t learn abut cral farming"指常去当地的市场,了解珊瑚。故选D。
20．答案： A
解析： 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还在网上搜索了相关论坛的信息,不久之后,他开始在家里的一个小鱼缸里种植珊瑚。A.grwing生长,种植；B.preserving保护；C.selecting选择；D.treating对待。根据后文"a cral in a small fish tank at hme"可知搭建鱼缸是为了种植珊瑚。故选A。
21．答案： B
解析： 考查形容词词义辨析。句意："珊瑚生物非常脆弱,对水质的要求非常高,"刘回忆说。A.tugh艰难的；B.vulnerable脆弱的；C.smth顺利的；D.impressive印象深刻的。后文提到珊瑚对水质要求高,说明脆弱。故选B。
22．答案： B
解析： 考查名词词义辨析。句意："珊瑚生物非常脆弱,对水质的要求非常高,"刘回忆说。A.benefits利益；B.requirements要求；C.expenses花费；D.respnses回应。根据后文"fr water quality"此处指珊瑚对水质的要求高。故选B。
23．答案： D
解析： 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着他对这种生物了解的加深,他了解到珊瑚礁被称为海洋的"热带雨林"和"水下花园",为四分之一的海洋生物提供了港湾。A.reminded被提醒的；B.frced被迫的；C.warned已警告的；D.infrmed了解情况的。根据上文"He als searched fr infrmatin n relevant frums nline"此处指他对这种生物了解的加深,故选D。
24．答案： A
解析： 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着他对这种生物了解的加深,他了解到珊瑚礁被称为海洋的"热带雨林"和"水下花园",为四分之一的海洋生物提供了港湾。A.harbrs港湾；B.partners伙伴；C.pprtunities机会；D.services服务。根据上文"cral reefs are knwn as" trpical rainfrests" and"underwater gardens"f the cean"可知,珊瑚礁被称为海洋的"热带雨林"和"水下花园"是因为它为四分之一的海洋生物提供了港湾。故选A。
25．答案： B
解析： 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是,不断上升的海洋温度导致了珊瑚的减少。A.Smehw不知怎么；B.Unfrtunately不幸地；C.Therefre因此；D.Unexpectedly意外地。根据后文"rising sea temperatures"可知,海洋温度升高导致珊瑚减少,这是不幸地。故选B。
26．答案： D
解析： 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是,不断上升的海洋温度导致了珊瑚的减少。A.extinctin灭绝；B.variatin变化；C.expansin扩大；D.decline降低。根据后文"t prtect them"珊瑚需要保护,是因为气候导致了它们减少。故选D。
27．答案： C
解析： 考查名词词义辨析。句意：刘感到保护他们的紧迫感和责任越来越大。A.frequency频繁；B.emergency突发事件；C.urgency紧急；D.privacy隐私。根据后文"and duty t prtect them"指保护珊瑚的紧迫感和责任感。故选C。
28．答案： C
解析： 考查动词短语辨析。句意：如今,他在三亚的热带生物研究中心担任珊瑚保护主义者。A.cnsults with协商；B.applies fr申请；C.serves as担任,作为；D.acts n作用。根据后文"a cral cnservatinist in a Sanya-based trpical bilgical research center"指他担任珊瑚保护主义者。故选C。
29．答案： A
解析： 考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天,他花几个小时潜入深海观察和记录生物的生长发育。A.keep track f记录下来；B.leave alne不要打扰；C.shw ff炫耀；D.speed up加速。根据后文"the grwth and develpment f the creatures."可知,潜入海里是为了记录这些生物的生长发育。故选A。
30．答案： B
解析： 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的故事被最近首播的网络节目《燃烧的青春》报道,该节目旨在用纪录片短片和深入的演播室采访来讲述来自各行各业的中国年轻人的励志故事。A.revised修改；B.featured以…为特色,由…主演,上演；C.annunced宣布；D.cntributed有助于。根据后文"in the recently premiered nline prgram BurningYuth"指他的故事被最近首播的网络节目《燃烧的青春》报道,应用featured。故选B。
31．答案： C
解析： 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的故事被最近首播的网络节目《燃烧的青春》报道,该节目旨在用纪录片短片和深入的演播室采访来讲述来自各行各业的中国年轻人的励志故事。A.assess评估；B.fllw跟随；C.relate联系,讲述；D.invent发明。根据后文"the inspiring stries f yung Chinese peple frm varius walks f life"可知,这个节目讲述了来自各行各业的中国年轻人的励志故事。故选C。
32．答案： than； t study； vercming； a； undevelped； asked； successfully； what； inspiratin； was saddened
解析： ①考查比较介词。句意：也许没有其他科学家对中国航天科学的影响比钱学森更大。根据前文n ther scientist has had a greater impact可知,此处为否定的比较级表示最高级,应用比较介词than,故填than。
②考查非谓语动词。句意：钱学森1911年出生于杭州,曾在北京上学,后进入上海交通大学学习铁路机械工程。根据句意可知,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填t study。
③考查非谓语动词。句意：在美国的最后几年,钱克服了一些困难,于1955年回到中国。介词After后应用动名词作宾语。故填vercming。
④考查冠词。句意：他受到了祖国的热烈欢迎。名词短语heric welcme为单数泛指概念,用不定冠词限定。连接的单词发音以辅音开头,故填a。
⑤考查形容词。句意：当时,中国很穷,火箭科学也不发达。根据句意可知,此处应用其反义的形容词作表语,表示"不发达的"。故填undevelped。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问及"我们中国人能制造导弹吗?",他坚定地回答,"为什么不能呢?"此处为时间状语从句中的省略,非谓语动词ask和主语之间是被动关系,用其过去分词作状语。故填asked。
⑦考查副词。句意：1970年,中国用长征火箭成功发射了第一颗人造卫星"东方红一号",钱学森被誉为"中国航天之父"。修饰动词launched用副词。故填successfully。
⑧考查名词性从句。句意：然而,使他成为如此杰出和富有创造力的科学家的原因可能是他对音乐和绘画等其他事物的浓厚兴趣。此处引导主语从句,从句中缺少主语,指代事物,用what。故填what。
⑨考查名词。句意：他对艺术的深刻欣赏常常给他的科学研究带来灵感。gave him后应用其名词inspiratin作直接宾语,不可数,故填inspiratin。
⑩考查时态和语态。句意：2009年10月31日,全国人民为钱先生的逝世感到悲痛,人们以不同的方式缅怀他。动词sadden和主语之间是被动关系,根据时间状语可知,用一般过去时的被动语态。主谓一致,故填was saddened。
33．答案： Dear Gerge,
Here is sme exciting news t share with yu. With the intentin f enriching ur schl life, last week, ur schl intrduced a new curse called "Labr Experience", which is aimed t prvide students with hands-n experience in varius types f wrk.
We launched a campaign, Beautiful Campus, where students did sme cleaning and planted clrful flwers. Then a labr base was set up fr students t experience grwing, picking and harvesting. Thrugh these activities, we learned teamwrk and imprved prblem-slving cmpetence.
I hld the belief that it’s a unique and valuable experience. Hereby I sincerely invite yu and yur participatin will be highly appreciated.
Yurs,
Li Hua
解析： 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给留学生朋友Gerge写一封邮件邀请他同去体验学校新开设的劳动体验课。内容包括：1.介绍课程内容；2.表达邀请。
1.词汇积累
旨在于,目的是：be aimed t d→be intended t d
诚挚地：sincerely→genuinely
目的：intentin→gal/aim
创建：set up→fund/establish
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Here is sme exciting news t share with yu.
拓展句：Here is sme exciting news that I can't wait t share with yu.
【高分句型1】With the intentin f enriching ur schl life, last week, ur schl intrduced a new curse called "Labr Experience", which is aimed t prvide students with hands-n experience in varius types f wrk.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】We launched a campaign, Beautiful Campus, where students did sme cleaning and planted clrful flwers.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句）
34．答案：
When we finished talking, I went t my briefcase and pulled ut the first gld medal I wn and put it arund his neck. Then I tld him that he was mre f a winner and knew mre abut success and vercming bstacles than I ever wuld. Having lked at the medal fr a while, he tk it ff and handed it back t me. He said in a whisper, "yu must have trained hard and yu wn yur wn medal. Only after hard wrk can a persn win success. I knw it. I will spare n effrt t train and cmpete t win my wn medal. D believe me."
Last summer I received a letter frm Matthew saying hw he had gt his wn paralympic （残奥会） medal. T begin with, he expressed his gratitude fr my mtivatin. It was my wrds and my medal that led him t success. Disabled as he was, he never abandned himself. On the cntrary, he grasped every minute t learn and train, even when thers finished training and went hme. Great effrts paid ff in the end. He was given an pprtunity t represent his cuntry t cmpete in the Paris Summer Paralympics and wn his wn medal. On reading his letter, I am cnvinced that what a successful man needs is a strng mind.
解析： 本文以人物为线索展开,讲述了作者与一位身患肌肉萎缩症的特殊学生马修的交往经历,展现了马修面对困难不屈不挠、积极向上的精神风貌,以及作者从中获得的感悟和启发。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容"聊完之后,我走到公文包旁,拿出我赢得的第一枚金牌,戴在他的脖子上。"以及第二段首句内容"去年夏天,我收到了马修的来信,信中说他已经获得了自己的残奥会奖牌。"可知,第一段可描写作者把金牌戴在马修的脖子上,并鼓励他。
②由第二段首句内容"去年夏天,我收到了马修的来信,信中说他已经获得了自己的残奥会奖牌。"可知,第二段可描写马修对作者的感激以及作者对此的感触。
2.续写线索：聊完之后,作者走到公文包旁,拿出自己赢得的第一枚金牌,戴在马修的脖子上——并激励马修更为成功——马修取下金牌,他说这枚金牌一定包含了很多汗水,自己也会为自己的金牌而努力——去年作者收到了马修的信——信中说自己获得了残奥会金牌——马修表达了对作者的感激之情,正是作者的话引领他走向成功——作者了解了马修的艰苦努力,为之动容—作者认为成功的人必然拥有坚强的意志
3.词汇激活
行为类
①克服：vercme/get ver
②尽全力做某事：spare n effrt t/try ne's best t
③放弃：abandn/give up
情绪类
①感激：gratitude/thankfulness
②坚信：cnvinced/sure
【高分句型1】It was my wrds and my medal that led him t success.（运用了强调句型）
【高分句型2】Disabled as he was, he never abandned himself.（运用了as引导的状语从句）