湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期末英语试卷（Word版附答案）

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第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
1-5 ACBAB 6-10 CBAAC 11-15 ACABA 16-20 CCBCB
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
21-23 ABC
21. 细节理解题 根据第一部分Participatin invlves an in-persn three-hur screening visit. Peple wh are qualified and are interested in jining the study will make additinal nine in-persn visits lasting fur hurs each.（参与包括亲自进行三小时的筛查访问。有资格并有兴趣参加研究的人将进行额外的9次面对面访问，每次访问持续4小时。）可知总计是3+36=39小时。所以选择A。
22. 细节理解题 根据第二部分Male vlunteers with a BMI（体重指数） greater than 25 are needed fr this study n the East Baltimre campus.可知B项正确。选项A，C，D与第二部分最后两句不符。
23. 细节理解题 根据第四部分Fr further infrmatin, cntact Rini Varghese at rvarghe9@jhmi.edu r Sam Balter at BalterS@kennedykrieger.rg. 可知C项正确。
24-27 BDDA
24. 细节理解题 根据第一段Learning that his father grew up in the fster (领养) system and didn't have much f a Christmas, Werner frm Minnesta decided t prepare gifts and basic supplies fr children in fster families and dmestic vilence shelters in fur cunties.可知B项正确。
25. 细节理解题 根据第二段中介绍他通过在大商场入口处售卖爆米花和饼干赚得买礼物的资金可知D项正确。
26. 细节理解题 根据第三段He chse his presents based n letters frm the children and lists that scial wrkers shared with him.（他根据孩子们的来信和社工分享给他的清单选择礼物。）可知D项正确。
27. 细节理解题 根据倒数第二段Jnathan Werner 所说的话“I just want t bring happiness t kids and make their day at Christmas. They are deserved t be lved and appreciated,” 可知A项正确。

28-31 ACBB
根据第一段第一句 “Flexible wrking can reduce smene’s risk f having a heart attack r strke”以及第二句后面的”sme emplyees wh wrk flexibly end up with heart health equal t what they had 10 years earlier”.可得知工作和生活的平衡即灵活的工作对职员的身体健康是有益的。故选A。
根据第三段”The academics used that infrmatin t calculate each persn’s cardimetablic (心血管代谢) risk scre (CRS) – their risk f develping cardivascular(心血管的) disease, such as a heart attack, within the next 10 years.”这一句破折号后面的内容可得知CRS是可以表示得心血管疾病的风险程度的一项指标，故选C。
根据第四段最后一句”Emplyees lder than 45 were likelier t see a reductin than the yunger emplyees.”可得知45岁以上的职员得心血管疾病的风险程度比年轻人得心血管疾病的风险程度降低的可能性更大，故选B。
根据最后一段的最后一句 “The interventin was designed t change the culture f the wrkplace with the intentin f reducing cnflict between emplyees’ wrk and persnal lives and ultimately imprving their health.”可得知这个干预可以知道项目是用来改变职场文化的，能够减少职员得工作和生活之间的矛盾并提高他们的健康，因此Orfeu Buxtn是反对这种职场文化的，故选B。
32-35 CBDD
根据第二段”Their czy rbits arund the parent star mean they are nt in what scientists cnsider the
“habitable zne” f a planetary system.”这一句可以得知这个行星系绕恒星的轨道意味着它们处于科学家认为的不宜居地带，所以，人类将继续找寻第二个适合居住的地球。故选C。
根据第四段This reminder that mathematics cntrls the universe cmes with anther implicatin, which is that these six planets have been in a stable, predictable, tw-by-three rbital pattern since they were frmed at least 4 billin years ag. Mst planetary systems, including ur wn, aren’t like that. ”和第五段”The resnant rbits f these planets are cnsistent with the idea that this system has nt suffered any majr disturbance —fr instance, a disastrus impact, r the clse passing f anther star — fr billins f years.” 可得知这个行星系的轨道自他们形成以来都是稳定的2*3轨道模式，大多数行星系都不是这样，并且这种共振轨道与它们没有遭受过大的灾难或破坏是相符合的。所以只有B选项中的数学控制宇宙并非其特点。故选B。
从第五段可得知由于几十亿年前自形成以来这个行星系就没有受过灾难或者另一颗恒星经过的影响，所以才能形成这种罕见的共振轨道模式。故选D。
根据文章内容可知，本篇文章主要讲到了科学家们发现了由六颗行星组成的绕恒星HD 110067旋转的有独特轨道的行星系，给帮助解开行星形成和发展的秘密提供了重要的系统。故选D。
36-40．CDEAG
【导语】这是一篇说明文，近视现象在我们生活中非常普遍，可是，导致近视的真正原因是什么呢？
36．第一段主要介绍什么是“近视”，又根据该空后一句“Mypia happens when the shape f the eye — r the shape f certain parts f the eye — causes light rays t bend r refract.(当眼睛的形状或眼睛某些部位的形状导致光线弯曲或折射时，就会发生近视)”可知，C项“近视的医学术语是mypia”符合语境，故选C。
37．该空后面一句“A 2017 study published in JAMA Ophthalmlgy fund a link between increased UVB (中波紫外线) expsure and a decrease in mypia, particularly in children and yung adults.(2017年发表在《美国医学会眼科学》上的一项研究发现，中波紫外线暴露增加与近视减少之间存在联系，尤其是在儿童和年轻人中)”指出，接触中波紫外线会降低近视发生的概率，这正好说明D项“自然光对眼睛的健康发育至关重要”，故选D。
38．根据后文“sme scientists think that the cntrast f reading a bk r lking at a bright screen in a dark rm might be verstimulating ur retinas (视网膜), causing mre eye grwth in children.(一些科学家认为，在黑暗的房间里看书或看明亮的屏幕的对比可能会过度刺激我们的视网膜，导致儿童的眼睛生长更快)”可知，本段主要说明文电子屏幕对我们视力的负面影响，因此E项“话虽如此，我们电子屏幕使用率的增加仍然是一个问题”符合语境，可以作为本段主旨，故选E。
39．根据该空后“Peple with mypia are at a higher risk f develping eye issues as they age, such as glaucma, early cataracts and macular degeneratin.(随着年龄的增长，近视患者患青光眼、早期白内障和黄斑变性等眼部疾病的风险更高)”可知，近视带来的问题不仅仅是视力模糊这么简单，A项“视力模糊并不是唯一的问题”符合语境，故选A。
40．该空后“such as ensuring that yu are reading r wrking in gd light, chsing nnglare screens fr yur cmputer r TV and taking frequent breaks(比如确保你在良好的光线下阅读或工作，为你的电脑或电视选择小屏幕，经常休息)”列举了一些保护视力的具体方法，这显然是对G项“你也可以通过一些简单的生活方式改变来预防眼睛问题”的进一步补充说明，故选G。
第三部分
第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
41-45 DDBBD 46-50 ABCAC 51-55 DBAAC
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个在麦当劳打工的15岁女孩雷利采取曾经学过的海姆立克法及时挽救了一位因异物阻塞呼吸道而窒息的女人，同时也因她的英雄行为而受到奖励和表扬。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是15岁的麦当劳员工辛迪妮·雷利在本能地使用海姆利克急救法帮助一个女人度过危机时所学到的。A. face面对；B. investigate调查；C. identify鉴别；D. survive幸存。根据上文“A ne-hur class can save a life”以及下文“then jumped ut f the drive-thrugh windw t help the chking custmer”可推知，此处为辛迪妮·雷利在本能地使用海姆利克急救法帮助一个女人“度过”危机。故选D项。
42．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这名年轻女子在明尼阿波利斯南部的伊甸草原麦当劳工作了大约七个月，
那个年轻的女人准时上周六的班。A. drpped in顺便拜访；B. called in召唤；C. resulted in导致；D. clcked in打卡上班。根据下文“n a Saturday shift expecting”可推知，此处为这位年轻女子周六“打卡”上班。故选D项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在把订单的一部分递给一位女士后，雷利继续解释说，剩下的还在路上。A. paper纸；B. rder订单；C. task任务；D. mney金钱。根据上下文语境以及“After handing ne wman part f”和“the rest was n its way”可推知，此处指雷利把一位女士点的一部分“订单”上餐品递给她。故选B项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，她看到那名顾客似乎窒息了。A.cmplaining抱怨 ；B.chking窒息；C. screaming尖叫；D. breathing呼吸。根据上文提到的“a chking custmer”可推知，此处为就在那时，她看到那名顾客似乎“窒息”了。故选B项。
45．考查副词词义辨析。句意：雷利让她的同事立即拨打911，然后从免下车窗口跳出来帮助这位窒息的顾客。A. slwly缓慢地；B. secretly秘密地；C. frequently频繁地；D. immediately立刻。根据语境以及下文“then jumped ut f the drive-thrugh windw t help the chking custmer”可推知，生命危急时刻，此处为雷利“立刻”去帮助这位窒息的顾客。故选D项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：食物小块被去除了，那个女人虽然很震惊，但却非常感激。A. remved去除；B. decrated装饰；C. picked捡；D. trn撕裂。根据下文“was deeply grateful”以及情景可知，雷利使用了海姆利克急救法帮助这位顾客把食物小块“去除”了。故选A项。
47．考查介词短语辨析。句意：食物小块被去除了，那个女人虽然很震惊，但却非常感激。A. in vain徒劳地；B. in shck震惊地；C. with care小心地；D. with difficulty费力地。根据句意以及该句中的“thugh”和“was deeply grateful”可推知，那个女人虽然很“震惊”被这小女孩救了，但却非常感激。故选B项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：急救人员随后赶到现场，发现情况已经解决了。A. trapped困住；B. prtected保护；C. slved解决；D. guaranteed保证。根据下文的话“They said, ‘Cngratulatins yu’re a lifesaver”可推知，此处为急救人员发现危急情况已经被小女孩“解决”了。故选C项。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：雷利回忆道。A. recalled回忆；B. debated辩论；C. predicted预测；D. applauded称赞。根据上文“They said”可推知，此处为雷利所“回忆”的内容。故选A项。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子的父母也赶到了现场，看到救护车和警车，他们立刻开始担心自己的女儿出了什么事，因为女儿在11岁时被诊断为自闭症，患有一些社交障碍。A. clleague同事；B. chemist药剂师；C. ambulance救护车；D. jurnalist记者。根据上文情节“First respnders arrived later”可推知，此处为雷利的父母也赶到了现场，看到了救治现场的“救护车”和警车。故选C项。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子的父母也赶到了现场，看到救护车和警车，他们立刻开始担心自己的女儿出了什么事，因为女儿在11岁时被诊断为自闭症，患有一些社交障碍。A. angry生气的；B. relaxed放松的；C. strange奇怪的；D.anxius担忧的。根据语境以及该句中的“and seeing an ambulance and plice cars”可推知，此处为看到救护车和警车，他们立刻开始“担心”自己的女儿出了什么事。故选D项。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为女儿在11岁时被诊断为自闭症，患有一些社交障碍。A. academic学术的；B.scial社交的；C. disabled残疾的；D. diverse多样的。根据该句中的“ as a result f an autism diagnsis (自闭症诊断) at Age 11 ”可推知孩子患有一些“社交”障碍。故选B项。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们为辛迪妮感到无比自豪，她在周末以迅速而英勇的行动帮助了我们的一位重要顾客。A. custmers顾客；B. partners伙伴；C. children孩子们；D. strangers陌生人。根据上文“a chking custmer”可知，此处为她帮助了一位“顾客”。故选A项。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：辛迪妮真的展示了什么是英雄，我们非常幸运能有她作为我们伊甸园草原餐厅的一名重要的工作人员。A. her英雄；B.surgen外科医生；C. spnsr赞助商；D. participant参与者。根据上文中的“ yu’re a her”可推知，此处为辛迪妮真正地展示了什么是“英雄”。故选A项。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：辛迪妮真的展示了什么是英雄，我们非常幸运能有她作为我们伊甸园草原餐厅的一名重要的工作人员。A. qualified有资格的；B. speechless无语的；C. lucky幸运的；D. awkward令人尴尬的。根据上文语境以及该句中的“t have her as a highly-valued crew member at ur Eden Prairie restaurant lcatin”可推知，辛该店负责人非常“幸运”能有她这样的工作人员。故选C项。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
Hwever 57．an 58．has becme 59．develped 60．where
61 t handle． 62．its 63．incredibly 64．accuracy 65．with/and
第三节 课文填空 （共5小题，每小题1分 共5分）
根据课文内容完成试题，每空填一词。
66. fuelling cncerns abut 67. adjusting t new inputs
68. being applied69. great lengths t prtect
70. crrecting, adding, deleting
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
（满分15分）
Dear Tm,
Hearing traditinal Chinese medicine, especially acupuncture, has engaged yur interest, I am writing t intrduce it briefly.
Dating frm the Stne Age, acupuncture, ne f the mst famus Chinese medical treatments in which thin needles are pressed int the bdy, has been used t treat varius health prblems. Nt nly can it treat physical prblems but als it can help peple with mental prblems and drug addictin.
T cnclude, having gained increasing wrldwide recgnitin, acupuncture will definitely have a prmising future. And yu can feel free t try it.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
One pssible versin:
Derek and Shirley lked at each ther with wild panic in their eyes. The taxi was mving faster and faster, and “Rcky” seemed t be malfunctining. “Slw dwn!” Derek shuted, but “Rcky” did nt respnd. The rbt drve even faster than befre and narrwly missed a car. Terrified, Derek grabbed his phne. With trembling fingers, he called the taxi cmpany. “Hell?” Derek shuted int the phne, “Our rbt driver is having a breakdwn and he’s cmpletely ut f cntrl. We need help quickly!”
“Dn’t wrry, sir,” came the calm reply n the phne, “And yur taxi is als a driverless car.” The reply cntinued , “We have the authrity t disable the rbt driver. Let me switch yur taxi t the driverless mde and get yu t yur destinatin safely.” The taxi immediately slwed dwn and cntinued as if nthing had happened, althugh its driver culd be heard mumbling t himself, “... g wrng ... g wrng ...” . When they finally arrived at their htel, Derek and Shirley quickly gt ut f the taxi, relieved and grateful t be alive. As they watched the taxi mve away, they agreed that fr the rest f the hliday, they wuld walk everywhere!
听力录音原文
Text 1
M:I think the living rm culd d with a fresh cat f paint.
W:Yu're right.Why dn't yu call the painter and ask him t cme this weekend? I'm ging t wrk nw.(1)
M:Sure.
Text 2
W:D yu knw that the subway statin near ur ffice will pen at the end f this mnth?
M: Really?That's wnderful.It means that I dn't have t take the crwded bus frm next mnth.(2)
W:Yes.And we can g hme tgether after wrk.
Text3
M:I'd like a cup f iced cffee and a slice f cheesecake.
W:Okay,sir.Are they fr here r t g?
M:T g,please.I have t pick up my children frm schl.Hw much are these?
W:They are 35 yuan.
Text 4
W:Oh my Gd!What a big spider!I can't mve.
M:Where is it?Oh,I see it. Let me capture it with the vase.
W:Gd.(4) Yu can set it free at ur dr.
M:Yeah.I wn't kill it.
Text5
M:It's a pity that Denny's club went ut f business.
W:Oh,that's t bad.He always lved his jazz club.But it seems that fewer peple are interested in jazz nw.S he had t clse it dwn.
M:Yeah.I hate t see him unhappy.
Text 6
W:What are yu having?A salad?
M: Yes. It's a watermeln salad.(6)
W:That's a great chice.It's gd t have sme watermeln n such a ht day.But there are nins and
lives in it.Desn't that taste strange? M:N.Actually,it's quite refreshing.
W:Really?Yu made it by yurself?
M:Yes.It's a Greek-style watermeln salad.And I learned abut it n the Internet.
W:Oh.It seems easy t make.Ill make ne fr lunch.Is there anything else I shuld put in it?(6)
M:Yu culd add sme vegetables,such as cucumbers and tmates.(6)We have everything yu need. They are all here in the kitchen.If yu want the riginal Greek watermeln salad,yu'd better ask Mm fr help.(7)
Text 7
M:Lily,I have been listening t the radi in the mrning recently.
W:Really?I hardly listen t the radi.Instead,I get the news frm TV.(8) M:Well,I listen t nt nly the news but als ther things.
W:What else?
M:Mrning talks hws.They fcus n films,educatin and s n.I have a keen interest in talk shws abut nature,which is much related t my jb.(9)
W:That's nice.I used t read the newspaper t get the news.Nw,I dn't even buy a newspaper.
M:Same here.The Internet has changed ur life greatly.
Text 8
M:It's been a while since the last time yu came here. What's wrng with yur cat this time?(10)
W:She hardly ate yesterday.I thught there must be smething wrng.S I brught her here.(10)
M:Let me give her a check ,it's nthing t wrry abut.She has just had t much and lacked exercise.
W:Well,what a relief!
M:Yu can bring her here again next week fr a rutine examinatin. Besides,yu shuld bathe her.(11)Her hair is nt shiny.
W:I dn't want her t have a bath in a pet stre.Sme f the staff there are rude.But I'm a little afraid t d it n
my wn.I usually d it with my husband,but he has been away frm hme.(11)
M:Bathing pets is nt that hard.Yu nly have t be careful with her head and her ears.
W:Is there anything else I shuld knw?
M:Yu will need rubber glves,cat shamp and a large twel.
W:Thanks.I have t g t the pet stre then.
Text 9
W:What are yu planning t d this winter hliday, Nah?(14)
M:Ill learn hw t bake a cake,Millie.(15)My brther Jimmy's birthday is in January.(13)I dn't feel like rdering a cake frm the shp.I'll try t make ne by myself.It will be cheaper and healthier.Mre imprtantly,it can shw my sincerity.
W:Fantastic.But hw will yu learn?(14)
M:I have already bught sme bks n desserts.(14)They tell me what I shuld prepare and hw I can make a perfect cake.
W:Well,why dn't yu get a part-time jb at a bakery?(15) Yu can learn directly frm prfessinals there and even get paid!
M:Hw cme I never thught f that?Yu're a genius.(15)What abut yu?I heard yu are planning t g smewhere warm.(16)
W:That was the riginal plan.But the train tickets were already sld ut.(16)I shuld have bked ne earlier
M:There are still tw weeks left befre the hliday.Yu can try yur luck smetime later.Maybe smene will refund their tickets.
W:Never mind,I dn't want t bther.I can help yu with the cake if yu like.
Text 10
Gd mrning,everyne.I'm delighted t be here t celebrate ur schl's 25th anniversary. Till nw,ur schl has becme ne f the tp five schls in this area.I jined this schl as a teacher ten years ag,and saw many students grw better and strnger.I believe schls play an imprtant rle in children's life.Tday,I'm ging t talk abut the qualities f ur schl:inspiring cnfidence and encuraging teamwrk.(18)We have the mst prfessinal teachers t help students braden their knwledge and increase their cnfidence.With the help f these teachers,we have created a pleasant envirnment fr students t study.All children shuld be encuraged t realize their full ptential.I believe students gain nt nly knwledge but als cnfidence here.Our schl prvides pprtunities fr students t learn mutual cperatin in a team,which is a vital skill in wrking in the real wrld.(19) Students learn abut teamwrk thrugh varius activities in schl,such as sprts games and grup presentatins.And I think students' drama perfrmances can help them learn teamwrk mst..(20)