第03讲 选择性必修三~选择性必修四词汇（练习）-2025年高考英语寒假讲义（新教材新高考）

这是一份第03讲 选择性必修三~选择性必修四词汇（练习）-2025年高考英语寒假讲义（新教材新高考），文件包含第03讲选择性必修三选择性必修四词汇练习原卷版docx、第03讲选择性必修三选择性必修四词汇练习解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共22页， 欢迎下载使用。

题型一 易考单词变形
1．Since Zhangjiajie (imprve) its transprtatin and service fr lng, the city nw can receive 36, 200 turists per day.
2．China has been mre and mre (influence) since the refrm and pening-up.
3．Ba Jin gained (recgnize) fr writing at a very yung age, and tday he is still acknwledged as ne f China’s greatest writers.
4．The UNESCO Wrld Heritage Center repeatedly urges that sme cultural relics in Egypt (restre) in rder t prevent them frm cllapse.
5．Haiku, a Japanese petry, has a frmat f three lines, cntaining 5, 7, and 5 syllables (respective).
6．It was the staff’s reslutin and (persevere) that helped this crpratin carry thrugh its gal and succeed eventually.
7．In many cuntries, if smene is accused f a crime, he r she is cnsidered (inncence) until the curt prves that he r she is guilty.
8．He was a victim f (race) prejudice.
9．We’ll have reprters there fr yu all week lng t keep yu (update) n the strm.
10． (nail) the tw shelves tgether, she wiped away the sweat and had a rest.
11．The chef said the menu (adjust) t suit lcal tastes. That’s why mre custmers were flding int the restaurant.
12．It was really cld utside, but Jethr stayed indrs (wrap) in a warm blanket (毯子) and drinking ht chclate.
13．He went frm dr t dr (find) a partner wh culd help.
14．Only in retrspect (回顾) did the value f appreciating a mvie withut judging, (accmpany) by the jy f sharing becme self-evident t me.
15．T get really gd at smething, ne needs t spend at least 10,000 hurs (study) and practicing.
题型二 核心单词拼写
16．The reprt (以……为基础) n the research was launched later.
17．She was frced t have her baby (领养) after she was sentenced t prisn.
18． (任命) t be manager f the cmpany, the yung man felt excited.
19．T begin with, we’d feel (荣幸) if yu culd match us accrding t ur ral English levels, rather than pair us randmly.
20．She was s cnsiderate that she walked t cmfrt the girl (惊慌) by the news.
21．When he came t himself, he fund himself (被锁在) in the rm.
22．T find ut the truth, the plice fficers have t cnduct a (详尽的) review f the case.
23．Last week, the teacher (布置) an essay abut envirnmental prtectin t them.
24．A persn must shw sme (自制力) t reach the gal f change.
25．There were sme extrardinarily (逼真的， 栩栩如生的) paintings f Eurpe n display.
题型一 阅读词汇和短语
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A
（2024·浙江·二模）A diet high in prtein is ften prmted as part f a healthy lifestyle, and many diets encurage cnsumers t reduce fats in favr f prtein t lse weight and gain lean muscle.
Fr the study in Nature Metablism, Bettina Mittendrfer and clleagues fund that while increasing the prprtin f prtein in daily calrie intake is beneficial, cnsuming prtein t much nt nly desn’t add t the develpment f lean muscle but can cause unintended negative health effects.
“Cnsumers are being led t believe that they can never get t much prtein in their diet,” says Mittendrfer. “Hwever, ur research shws that specific amin acids (氨基酸), which are the building blcks f prtein, can trigger heart disease thrugh a signaling mechanism at the cellular level in the bld.”
An amin acid fund in animal-prtein fds, such as beef, eggs, and milk, was fund t be respnsible fr signaling activity in cells that typically clear away rubbish in bld vessels. As cnsumptin f dietary prtein increases, s des the cnsumptin f leucine (亮氨酸), the specific amin acid respnsible fr triggering this cellular activity in the bld.
When functining nrmally, these cells wrk t keep bld vessels free frm plaque (血小板) buildup. When their prductin becmes veractive, the resulting accumulatin f spent cells in the vascular system can cause the plaque buildup and blckages they are suppsed t prevent. The resulting hardening f the arteries (动脉) is a leading risk factr fr heart attack and strke.
“Our hpe is t eventually find the Gldilcks apprach fr maximizing the health benefits f dietary prtein, such as building lean muscle, while aviding the health drawbacks frm vercnsumptin.” says Mittendrfer.
The researchers fund that cnsuming mre than 22% f daily calries frm prtein carries mre dwnside risk than dietary benefit. Fr a nrmal adult, 20 t 30 grams f prtein per meal, r 60 t 90 grams f prtein per day is adequate t supprt health.
The study cmbined human trials with experiments in mice and cells.
1．Which f the fllwing is the finding f the research?
A．It is beneficial t take in prtein in daily diets.
B．A diet high in prtein is always cnsidered as a healthy lifestyle.
C．Many cnsumers are in favr f prtein t lse weight and gain muscle.
D．Cnsuming prtein t much desn’t d gd t the lean muscle develpment.
2．Which f the fllwing is mst likely t cause heart attack and strke?
A．The plaque buildup.B．Animal-prtein fds.
C．The hardening f the arteries.D．Overactive cellular activity in the bld.
3．What is the prper way t make gd use f prtein?
A．T take in prper amunt f prtein per meal.
B．T exercise everyday in rder t build lean muscle.
C．T cnsume mre than 22% f daily calries frm prtein.
D．T d mre experiments in mice and cells t prvide evidence.
4．What d we knw abut the study?
A．It is cnducted in a relatively scientific way.
B．It finally finds a prper apprach t keep fit.
C．It is ttally against what peple have believed.
D．It ffers a diet standard fr peple f all ages all ver the wrld.
B
（2024·湖南·二模）The Califrnia sea tter (海獭), nce hunted t the edge f extinctin, has staged a thrilling cmeback in the last century. Nw, scientists have discvered that the tters’ success stry has led t smething just as remarkable: the restratin f their declining castal marsh (沼泽) habitat.
Elkhrn Slugh, a castal marsh within Mnterey Bay, had been experiencing severe damage. The rt cause was a grwing ppulatin f shre crabs, which fed heavily n the marsh plants, weakening the structural integrity f the habitat. Castal marshes like these are nt nly natural defenses against strm waves but als serve as imprtant carbn strage areas and water-cleaning systems.
The cnservatin-driven cmeback f the sea tter has been crucial. Califrnia’s castlines were nce alive with sea tters. Sadly, they were nearly wiped ut at the hands f fur traders. In the 1980s, cnservatin effrts aided these tters in re-ccupying large areas f their frmer range. Nw, Elkhrn Slugh has the highest cncentratin f sea tters in Califrnia, with a ppulatin f abut 100. By naturally feasting n crabs, the tters have helped a significant regrwth f plant life. Brent Hughes, a scientist wrking alngside Angelini, led a three-year study. Their findings were clear: in areas with sea tters, crab numbers fell markedly. This led t a resurgence in plant grwth, which in turn stabilized the sil and lwered the rate f sil washing away.
As the sea tter ppulatin cntinues t restre, their psitive impact n castal ecsystems is likely t increase. It nt nly shwcases the sea tter as a central species—a species that has a significant effect n its natural envirnment—but als highlights the essential nature f tp predatrs (捕食者) in preserving eclgical harmny. “My hnest reactin was—this culd becme a classic in the literature,” says scientist Lekelia Jenkins. She reveals marsh restratin als helps peple by reducing flding. “Suddenly, sea tters g frm just cute things we like t smething that can prtect ur livelihds and ur prperties.”
5．What change did the disappearance f sea tters bring abut?
A．Fewer predatry crabs.B．Mre castal plant life.
C．Better water-cleaning effect.D．Wrse castal eclgical balance.
6．What des the underlined wrd “resurgence” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Barrier.B．Advancement.C．Expansin.D．Revival.
7．What is the authr’s purpse in quting Lekelia Jenkins?
A．T highlight the imprtance f castal marshes.
B．T intrduce a new research study n sea tters.
C．T demnstrate the practical benefits f sea tters.
D．T emphasize the need fr increased cnservatin effrts.
8．What message is cnveyed frm sea tters’ impact?
A．The necessity fr cntrlled hunting.
B．The intercnnectedness f the ecsystem.
C．The drawbacks f wildlife reintrductin.
D．The need fr human interventin in nature.
题型二 完形填空词汇和短语
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·河北·一模）My wrk in cancer research was generating a lt f waste every day. As ur research turned t full capacity, ur waste prductin 1 .
I went t my adviser and suggested the idea f 2 3D-printed lab tls ut f sme f ur waste. She 3 me and then I secured funding t purchase recycling equipment. But after mnths f 4 , the prject didn’t g as I had imagined and prgressed slwly. S it was a welcme 5 when my c-wrkers brainstrmed ther ways t reduce ur envirnmental 6
We created a grup t push fr greener ways t 7 . We began meeting mnthly t cme up with slutins. Over the fllwing mnths, we 8 new recycling bins t each lab s that ur plastic waste culd be srted 9 .We created rules fr each device t be energy-efficient. I’m still disappinted that I culdn’t fully realize my 3D-printing 10 .I am stubbrn enugh t keep trying. But I’ve als learned that if ne apprach isn’t wrking, smetimes it’s best t 11 and lk fr ther slutins. I’m thankful that with the help f the 12 cmmunity arund me, we are able t d that.
I encurage scientists everywhere t think abut ways t reduce the 13 impact f their wn research. The wrk we d is imprtant. But we shuld als d ur part t be as sustainable as we can. After all, what 14 des ur science have if, ultimately, there remains n 15 planet we can call ur hme?
1．A．returnedB．declinedC．stabilizedD．rcketed
2．A．creatingB．buyingC．brrwingD．renting
3．A．suspectedB．criticizedC．encuragedD．cmfrted
4．A．struggleB．discussinC．trainingD．cnfusin
5．A．surceB．reliefC．targetD．success
6．A．distributinB．ptinC．phaseD．ftprint
7．A．cureB．defendC．perateD．negtiate
8．A．cmmentedB．intrducedC．mvedD．kncked
9．A．prperlyB．typicallyC．naturallyD．annually
10．A．recipeB．preventinC．visinD．assciatin
11．A．set ffB．speak utC．hld nD．step back
12．A．lcalB．academicC．finalD．new
13．A．fundamentalB．histricalC．envirnmentalD．financial
14．A．significanceB．pssibilityC．frtuneD．depth
15．A．bradB．supprtiveC．differentD．particular
（2024年浙江卷1月阅读理解A篇）
Tm Sawyer Play Is an Adventure
A 35-minute hand-clapping, ft-stmping musical versin f a Mark Twain favrite returns with this Tall Stacks festival.
“Tm Sawyer: A River Adventure” has all the gd stuff, including the fence painting, the graveyard, the island and the cave. It is adapted by Je McDnugh, with music by David Kisr. That’s the lcal stage writing team that creates many f the Children’s Theatre f Cincinnati’s riginal musicals, alng with the hliday family musicals at Ensemble Theatre.
This year Nathan Turner f Burlingtn is Tm Sawyer, and Rbbie McMath f Frt Mitchell is Huck Finn.
Tumer, a 10th-grader at Schl fr Creative and Perfrming Arts, is a familiar presence n Cincinnati’s stages. He is a star act r f Children’s Theatre, having played leading rles in “The Legend f Sleepy Hllw” and “The Wizard f Oz,” and is fresh frm Jersey Prductin “Ragtime”.
McMath is a junir at Beechwd High Schl. He was in the cast f “Tm Sawyer” when it was first perfrmed and is a Children’s Theatre regular, with five shws t his credit. This summer he attended Kentucky’s Gvernr’s Schl fr the Arts in Musical Theatre.
Nte t teachers: Children’s Theatre has a study guide demnstrating hw math and science can be taught thrugh “Tm Sawyer.” Fr dwnladable lessns, visit the fficial website f Children’s Theatre.
1. Wh wrte the music fr “Tm Sawyer: A River Adventure”?
A. David Kisr.B. Je McDnugh.
C. Nathan Turner.D. Rbbie McMath.
2. What can we learn abut the tw actrs?
A. They study in the same schl.B. They wrked tgether in ”Ragtime“.
C. They are experienced n stage.D. They became friends ten years ag.
3. What des Children’s Theatre prvide fr teachers?
A. Research funding.B. Training pprtunities.
C. Technical supprt.D. Educatinal resurces.
（2022·新高考II卷阅读理解C篇）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Over the last seven years, mst states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range f methds t persuade peple t put dwn their phnes when they are behind the wheel.
Yet the prblem, by just abut any measure, appears t be getting wrse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using scial netwrks and taking phts. Rad accidents, which had fallen fr years, are nw rising sharply.
That is partly because peple are driving mre, but Mark Rsekind, the chief f the Natinal Highway Traffic Safety Administratin, said distracted（分心）driving was "nly increasing, unfrtunately. "
"Big change requires big ideas. " he said in a speech last mnth, referring bradly t the need t imprve rad safety. S t try t change a distinctly mdern behavir, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back t an ld apprach: They want t treat distracted driving like drunk driving.
An idea frm lawmakers in New Yrk is t give plice fficers a new device called the Textalyzer. It wuld wrk like this: An fficer arriving at the scene f a crash culd ask fr the phnes f the drivers and use the Textalyzer t check in the perating system fr recent activity. The technlgy culd determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed r dne anything else that is nt allwed under New Yrk's hands-free driving laws.
"We need smething n the bks that can change peple's behavir,” said Félix W. Ortiz, wh pushed fr the state's 2001 ban n hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becmes law, he said, "peple are ging t be mre afraid t put their hands n the cell phne. "
8. Which f the fllwing best describes the ban n drivers' texting in the US?
A. Ineffective. B. Unnecessary.
C. Incnsistent. D. Unfair.
9. What can the Textalyzer help a plice fficer find ut?
A. Where a driver came frm. B. Whether a driver used their phne.
C. Hw fast a driver was ging. D. When a driver arrived at the scene.
10. What des the underlined wrd "smething" in the last paragraph refer t?
A. Advice. B. Data. C. Tests. D. Laws.
11. What is a suitable title fr the text?
A. T Drive r Nt t Drive? Think Befre Yu Start
B. Texting and Driving? Watch Out fr the Textalyzer
C. New Yrk Banning Hand-Held Devices by Drivers.
D. The Next Generatin Cell Phne: The Textalyzer-
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】易考单词变形
【题型二】核心单词拼写
02 重难创新练
【题型一】阅读词汇和短语
【题型二】完形词汇和短语
03 真题实战练