2023~2024学年山东省临沂市高二上学期期末英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份2023~2024学年山东省临沂市高二上学期期末英语试卷（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What animal is the man wrrying abut?
A. A bear. B. A dg. C. A cat.
2. What subject is the man prbably teaching?
A. Gegraphy. B. Physics. C. English.
3. Wh is late fr the meeting?
A. Jill. B. Eric. C. Martin.
4. Hw will the man g hme?
A. Take the subway. B. Mail sme papers. C. Drive hme.
5. When was the parcel suppsed t arrive?
A. In the mrning. B. In the afternn. C. In the evening.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the man planning t make?
A. Apple juice. B. Banana juice. C. Orange juice.
7. What will the speakers prbably eat fr lunch?
A. A salad. B. Hamburgers. C. Barbecue.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What des the wman ask the man t d at first?
A. Sell a secnd-hand cmputer t her.
B. Buy a new cmputer fr her.
C. Repair her cmputer.
9. What will the wman d in the afternn?
A. Clean her ffice. B. Attend meetings. C. G shpping.
10. What day is it tmrrw?
A. Mnday. B. Tuesday. C. Wednesday.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Lawyer and client.
B. Father and daughter.
C. Cmpany wner and emplyee.
12. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. In an ffice. B. In a cffee shp. C. In the man’s hme.
13. Why des the wman talk t the man?
A. T invite him fr cffee.
B. T ffer him a new psitin.
C. T cmplain abut her family matter.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Hw des the wman feel abut the man’s beard?
A. She thinks it makes him lk strange.
B. She prefers him t shave it all ff.
C. She likes it t be lnger.
15. Hw lng des it take the man t grw a beard?
A. Abut a mnth. B. Abut tw mnths. C. Abut three mnths.
16. What sprt is the man ging t watch?
A. Ftball. B. Rugby. C. Car racing.
17. Which cuntry’s fd des the wman prefer?
A. Italy. B. France. C. Switzerland.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the talk mainly abut?
A. Origin and develpment f kites.
B. Methds f making kites.
C. Uses f kites in wars.
19. What did ancient Chinese use kites t d?
A. Pass n secret messages.
B. Give warnings f danger.
C. Carry rpes acrss rivers.
20. Why did Benjamin Franklin fly a kite in the strm?
A. T test the effects f an inventin.
B. T prtect huses against lightning.
C. T prve that lightning is electricity.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Inca Empire was the mst pwerful f the day, ruling western Suth America between 1400 and 1533. And the Inca leaders smetimes needed vacatins! That’s why the Inca built Machu Picchu in what’s nw Peru. All that’s left tday are ruins, but abut 500 years ag, it was a bustling ryal residence. Peek int the past t discver the secrets f this awesme spt.
ROYAL RELAXATION
The ryal family lived mstly in the muntainus capital city, Cusc. But during the winter, they culd mve dwn t the warmer Machu Picchu. Emperr Pachacuti Inc a Yupanqui likely rdered cnstructin f it arund 1450. There, the ryals culd feast and entertain guests. The ther 750 residents served the rulers and maintained the city.
PERFECT FIT
Earthquakes are cmmn in Peru, s Inca builders designed Machu Picchu t resist these shakes. They cut the stnes t fit tgether, and they didn’t use any material, like cement, t bind them. This way, when the grund shk, the stnes culd bunce arund and then settle back int place.
CODED LANGUAGE
The Inca didn’t have a written language and instead used kntted crds called quipu (KEE-p) t send messages and keep recrds. Experts think the style f the knt and the clr f the string cntained infrmatin. Researchers are nw using cmputers t try t untangle these lng-lst cdes.
1. Why did the Inca Empire build Machu Picchu?
A. Fr pleasure f mre residents.B. Fr the recreatin f the leaders.
C. Fr relcating the capital city.D. Fr appealing t mre vacatiners.
2. What did Inca builders d t resist the shakes?
A. They made the stnes fit tgether.B. They used cement t bind them.
C. They made the stnes bunce arund.D. They settled the stnes back int place.
3. Hw did the Inca share imprtant infrmatin?
A. By telling thers face t face.B. By writing it dwn n large stnes.
C. By using their wn unique language.D. By clring sme materials picked.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了马丘比丘建造的原因以及三方面的特点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“And the Inca leaders smetimes needed vacatins! That’s why the Inca built Machu Picchu in what’s nw Peru.(而且印加领导人有时也需要休假！这就是印加人在现在的秘鲁建造马丘比丘的原因)”可知，印加帝国建造马丘比丘是为了领导们的娱乐。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“They cut the stnes t fit tgether, and they didn’t use any material, like cement, t bind them. This way, when the grund shk, the stnes culd bunce arund and then settle back int place.(他们把石头切割成一块块的，没有使用任何材料，比如水泥，来粘合它们。这样，当地面震动时，石头可以四处弹跳，然后回到原来的位置)”可知，印加建造者把石头拼在一起抵御地震。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The Inca didn’t have a written language and instead used kntted crds called quipu (KEE-p) t send messages and keep recrds.(印加人没有书面语言，而是使用一种名为quipu (KEE-p)的绳结来传递信息和保存记录。专家认为打结的样式和绳子的颜色包含了信息)”可知，印加人通过使用自己独特的语言来分享重要信息。故选C。
B
When Sares was a yung by grwing up in Ri de Janeir, Brazil, his family didn’t have the means t pay fr extracurricular activities. Hwever, they fund a slutin by signing him up fr a free circus schl that aimed t keep him ff the streets and ut f truble. It was there that Sares discvered his passin fr perfrmance art, including acrbatics, capeira, acting, and clwning. Ballet never crssed his mind as a practical career ptin, as ballet wasn’t a nticeable dance frm in Brazil at the time.
At the age f 12, Sares began dancing but nt in the traditinal sense. His lder brther was part f a hip-hp street dance grup, and Sares started hanging ut with them. He sn cmbined his circus schl skills with hip-hp and capeira t create a unique style that fascinated audiences in Ri.
One day, the head f a Brazilian dance cmpany saw Sares perfrm and arranged fr him t selectin fr a dance schl. He was awarded a schlarship that cvered his tuitin fees, and he began studying mdern dance. Hwever, it wasn’t lng befre everyne believed that Sares shuld switch t ballet. He was immediately put n a fast track, attending academic schl in the mrnings and ballet classes in the evenings.
Sares’ parents were hesitant abut their sn pursuing ballet as a career. They were wrried abut his grades and whether ballet wuld prvide him with a stable future. Sares shared their cncerns and had never knwn anyne wh pursued ballet prfessinally.
Despite these reservatins, smething incredible happened within tw years f Sares starting ballet training. He participated in the Paris Internatinal Dance Cmpetitin and wn a silver medal. This achievement was even mre impressive cnsidering that mst f his cmpetitrs had been studying ballet since childhd. After Paris, Sares jined the natinal ballet cmpany in Brazil and began earning mney frm his dancing.
Three years later, he went n t win the gld medal at the Mscw Internatinal Cmpetitin, previusly wn by legendary ballet dancers like Mikhail Baryshnikv.
4. Why was Sares sent t a circus schl?
A. T seek a chance t make a name.
B. T stp him getting int truble.
C. T earn mney t pay fr tuitin fees.
D. T develp an interest in perfrmance art.
5. What can be inferred frm Paragraph 3?
A. Mdern dance became his favrite.
B. Winning a schlarship was his main aim.
C. He quickly displayed his talent fr ballet.
D. His academic classes had t give way t ballet classes.
6. What is the riginal attitude f Sares’ parents t his pursuing ballet?
A. Dubtful.B. Objective.C. Supprtive.D. Unclear.
7. What’s the best title fr the text?
A. An Uncnventinal Jurney t a Ballet Star
B. The Financial Struggles f a Yung Dancer
C. Mdern Dance: A Gateway t Ballet Excellece
D. The Dilemma: Balancing Schl and Ballet fr Success
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Sares小时候父母为了不让他惹麻烦，把他送到马戏团学校，结果在那里Sares发现了自己的芭蕾舞天赋。经过两年的训练，Sares取得了不错的成绩，还在莫斯科国际比赛中获得金牌。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Hwever, they fund a slutin by signing him up fr a free circus schl that aimed t keep him ff the streets and ut f truble.(然而，他们找到了一个解决办法，让他报名参加一个免费的马戏学校，目的是让他远离街头，远离麻烦)”可知，苏亚雷斯被送到马戏团学校是为了阻止他惹上麻烦。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“One day, the head f a Brazilian dance cmpany saw Sares perfrm and arranged fr him t selectin fr a dance schl. He was awarded a schlarship that cvered his tuitin fees, and he began studying mdern dance. Hwever, it wasn’t lng befre everyne believed that Sares shuld switch t ballet.(一天，一家巴西舞蹈公司的负责人看了苏亚雷斯的表演，并安排他进入舞蹈学校。他获得了一笔奖学金来支付学费，并开始学习现代舞。然而，没过多久，每个人都认为苏亚雷斯应该转向芭蕾舞)”可推知，苏亚雷斯很快就展示了他的芭蕾舞天赋。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Sares’ parents were hesitant abut their sn pursuing ballet as a career. They were wrried abut his grades and whether ballet wuld prvide him with a stable future. (苏亚雷斯的父母对儿子是否要以芭蕾为职业犹豫不决。他们担心他的成绩，担心芭蕾舞能否给他提供一个稳定的未来)”可推知，苏亚雷斯的父母最初对他追求芭蕾舞是怀疑态度。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Sares小时候父母为了不让他惹麻烦，把他送到马戏团学校，结果在那里Sares发现了自己的芭蕾舞天赋。经过两年的训练，Sares取得了不错的成绩，还在莫斯科国际比赛中获得金牌。可知，A选项“成为芭蕾舞明星的非常规之旅”最符合文章标题。故选A。
C
A mdel f persnalised dementia (痴呆症) supprt culd imprve life fr peple with dementia and their carers by allwing them t make the best chices fr their wn care needs.
In Britain, there is a cncerning gap in dementia supprt, ntes Dr Tmasina, Dementia Care Prgramme Lead at the University f Plymuth. “They have received a diagnsis but are nt yet in need f a care hme r input frm specialists. Wrryingly, these individuals and their carers, wh are usually family members, are ften left withut suitable supprt t face a range f severe challenges,” she says.
Challenges can include scial lnliness, despair and frailty (脆弱) due t cmbined physical and cgnitive decline. Hwever, a five-year research prject including the Universities f Plymuth and Manchester-established in 2018 and funded by the Natinal Institute fr Health and Care Research—aims t remedy this disregard by evaluating a system fr dementia supprt they have develped.
Dementia Persnalised Care Team(D-PACT) prpses imprving the lives f peple living with dementia and their carers with persnalised emtinal and practical supprt frm an apprpriately trained Dementia Supprt Wrker. “The Supprt Wrker becmes a trusted pint f cntact wh can spt ptential prblems befre they get int crises,” says Prfessr Richard Byng, Prfessr in Primary Care Research at the University f Plymuth. “It’s a mdel that helps the individual and their carers functin and stay tgether.”
The study, which was cnducted in a range f settings, shws ptential value and has been well-received by thse wh tk part. “Peple have described a step change in their supprt,” says Prfessr Byng. “They say they feel listened t and treated as a persn, getting reassurance and relief—particularly carers—that they are ding things right and smene is alngside them.”
8. What’s the purpse f the persnalised supprt?
A. T cure peple with severe dementia.
B. T bridge the gap between patients and dctrs.
C. T help peple with dementia chse the best carers.
D. T better the life f peple with dementia and their carers.
9. What des the underlined wrd “remedy” mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Build up.B. Make up fr.C. Take ver.D. Take care f.
10. What can a trained Dementia Supprt Wrker d?
A. Deal with ptential prblems.
B. Prpse t D-PACT a better supprt.
C. Help peple with dementia recver quickly.
D. Prvide emtinal supprt fr patients with dementia.
11. What can we learn abut the persnalised supprt?
A. It can relieve peple’s stress.B. It functins like a persn.
C. It can help peple listen better.D. It is especially helpful t carers.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. D
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了个性化痴呆症支持模式可以让痴呆症患者及其护理人员根据自己的护理需求做出最佳选择，从而改善他们的生活。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“A mdel f persnalised dementia (痴呆症) supprt culd imprve life fr peple with dementia and their carers by allwing them t make the best chices fr their wn care needs.(个性化痴呆症支持模式可以让痴呆症患者及其护理人员根据自己的护理需求做出最佳选择，从而改善他们的生活。)”可知，个性化支持的目的是改善痴呆症患者及其护理人员的生活。故选D。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Wrryingly, these individuals and their carers, wh are usually family members, are ften left withut suitable supprt t face a range f severe challenges,” she says.(“令人担忧的是，这些人及其照顾者（通常是家庭成员）往往得不到适当的支持，无法面对一系列严峻的挑战，”她说)”可知，痴呆症患者及其照顾者往往得不到适当的支持，即被忽视，结合第三段中划线单词所在句子“Hwever, a five-year research prject including the Universities f Plymuth and Manchester-established in 2018 and funded by the Natinal Institute fr Health and Care Research—aims t remedy this disregard by evaluating a system fr dementia supprt they have develped.(然而，普利茅斯大学和曼彻斯特大学于 2018 年成立并由国家健康与护理研究所资助的一项为期五年的研究项目旨在通过评估他们开发的痴呆症支持系统来 remedy这种忽视)”可知，普利茅斯大学和曼彻斯特大学成立并由国家健康与护理研究所资助的一项为期五年的研究项目，是为了解决这种忽视，即通过评估他们开发的痴呆症支持系统弥补政府对痴呆症患者及其家人的忽视，由此可知，划线单词意为“弥补”，与B项“Make up fr.(弥补)”意思一样，故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Dementia Persnalised Care Team (D-PACT) prpses imprving the lives f peple living with dementia and their carers with persnalised emtinal and practical supprt frm an apprpriately trained Dementia Supprt Wrker. (痴呆症个性化护理团队 (D-PACT) 建议通过经过适当培训的痴呆症支持人员提供的个性化情感和实际支持来改善痴呆症患者及其护理人员的生活。)”可知，训练有素的痴呆症支持人员可以为痴呆症患者提供情感支持。故选D。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Dementia Persnalised Care Team (D-PACT) prpses imprving the lives f peple living with dementia and their carers with persnalised emtinal and practical supprt frm an apprpriately trained Dementia Supprt Wrker.“The Supprt Wrker becmes a trusted pint f cntact wh can spt ptential prblems befre they get int crises,” says Prfessr Richard Byng, Prfessr in Primary Care Research at the University f Plymuth. “It’s a mdel that helps the individual and their carers functin and stay tgether.”(痴呆症个性化护理团队 (D-PACT) 建议通过经过适当培训的痴呆症支持人员提供的个性化情感和实际支持来改善痴呆症患者及其护理人员的生活。普利茅斯大学初级保健研究教授Richard Byng表示：“支持人员成为值得信赖的联系人，可以在潜在问题陷入危机之前发现问题。”“这是一个帮助个人及其护理人员正常运转并保持在一起的模式。”)”可知，个性化支持对护理人员特别有帮助，故选D。
D
When it cmes t keeping ff extra punds, watching what we eat may nt be enugh—we have t keep an eye n ur fd’s packaging, t. Half the wrld is expected t be verweight by 2035. In additin t vereating and lack f exercise, the scientific cmmunity is explring anther factr that may cntribute—eating prducts packaged in plastic.
Fr a study published last year, researchers at the Nrwegian University f Science and Technlgy set ut t determine what chemical cmpunds (化合物) exist in 34 cmmn plastic items that tuch things we eat, such as ygurt cups, juice bttles, candy packages, and plastic wrap used fr prduce and cheese, as well as items ften fund in kitchen.
Of the 55,000 chemicals the researchers fund in these items, nly 629 were identifiable, which influence ur bdies’ ability t regulate weight, trubling health effects. “We’re quite certain that there are many chemicals in plastic prducts that impact metablism (新陈代谢), but we just culdn’t identify all f them,” Martin Wagner, a study c-authr said. Strikingly, Wagner and his clleagues fund that a third f all the cmmn prducts they tested cntain chemicals that cause the adipgenic (生脂的) prcess. Althugh we are expsed t them daily, mst f these mystery chemicals are unknwn, unstudied and unregulated.
Fr years, experts have been warning against plastic fd cntainers, particularly fr ht r ily fds which may make the plastics unstable and increase the risk f chemical leaching (渗出). As ne f them, Wagner argues that we need t start reducing ur expsure t plastic withut waiting fr mre slw-mving research t prve that the plastics in ur fd, prducts, bld and rgans are risk factrs fr bad health utcmes.
Really, reducing ur plastic expsure shuld be ur verall gal. When we think abut cutting junk ut f ur diets, the criminals shuldn’t just be candy and sda—plastic needs t g, t.
12. What newly-fund factr may cause verweight?
A. Eating t much.B. Lack f exercise.
C. Unhealthy eating habits.D. Fd’s plastic packaging.
13. What is the finding f the study published last year?
A. Mst prducts tested cntain adipgenic chemicals.
B. Metablism is affected by chemicals in plastic prducts.
C. The influence f plastic prducts n ur health is unknwn.
D. Only 629 chemicals in plastic prducts regulate peple ‘s weight.
14. What des Wagner suggest we d?
A. Stp eating fds packaged in plastic.
B. Avid using plastic prducts fr ht r ily fds.
C. Reduce ur expsure t plastic as much as pssible.
D. Wait fr mre research t prve the risks f plastics.
15. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. Keeping ff extra punds is urgent.
B. It’s high time t stp using plastic packaging.
C. Chemicals in plastic packaging may lead t verweight.
D. Plastic fd packaging prves t cntain harmful chemicals.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究表明，塑料包装中的化学物质可能导致人们超重。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In additin t vereating and lack f exercise, the scientific cmmunity is explring anther factr that may cntribute—eating prducts packaged in plastic.(除了暴饮暴食和缺乏运动之外，科学界正在探索另一个可能的因素——食用塑料包装的产品)”可知，食品塑料包装是导致超重的一个新发现的因素，故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“We’re quite certain that there are many chemicals in plastic prducts that impact metablism (新陈代谢), but we just culdn’t identify all f them,(我们非常确定塑料产品中存在许多影响新陈代谢的化学物质，但我们无法识别所有这些化学物质)”可知，去年发表的研究结果是新陈代谢受到塑料制品中化学物质的影响。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“As ne f them, Wagner argues that we need t start reducing ur expsure t plastic withut waiting fr mre slw-mving research t prve that the plastics in ur fd, prducts, bld and rgans are risk factrs fr bad health utcmes.(作为其中之一，瓦格纳认为，我们需要开始减少对塑料的接触，而不是等待更多进展缓慢的研究来证明我们的食物、产品、血液和器官中的塑料是不良健康结果的风险因素)”可知，Wagner建议我们尽可能减少我们与塑料的接触。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“When it cmes t keeping ff extra punds, watching what we eat may nt be enugh—we have t keep an eye n ur fd’s packaging, t. Half the wrld is expected t be verweight by 2035. In additin t vereating and lack f exercise, the scientific cmmunity is explring anther factr that may cntribute—eating prducts packaged in plastic.(当谈到防止体重增加时，仅仅关注我们吃的东西可能还不够——我们还必须关注食物的包装。预计到2035年，世界上一半的人将超重。除了暴饮暴食和缺乏锻炼之外，科学界正在探索另一个可能的因素——食用塑料包装的产品)”可知，文章主要介绍了塑料包装中的化学物质可能导致人们超重。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分 12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When visiting a park, it is cmmn t bserve lder individuals listening t audi (有声的) bks instead f reading traditinal bks. Audi bks have becme quite ppular these days. ____16____ Is listening t an audi bk just as beneficial as reading a bk?
____17____ Reading needs us t fcus all ur attentin n the wrds in a bk. We als need t find time and a specific place t sit dwn and read. Hwever, audi bks prvide flexibility and allw individuals t engage in ther activities while listening. And it gives yur eyes a break, t.
But the big questin is, d we get knwledge frm audi bks as effectively as we d frm paper bks? ____18____ Vlunteers in grup ne were asked t listen t an audi bk while vlunteers in grup tw read a bk f the same cntent. Surprisingly, bth grups recalled the same amunt f infrmatin, whether they listened t it r read it.
Anther study published in the Jurnal f Neurscience further supprted the result abve. In the study, researchers scanned (扫描) peple’s brains when they listened t and read bks. ____19____
Sme peple still believe that they learn better frm reading paper bks. One reasn might be that when we listen t audi bks, we are ften multitasking. If yu’re trying t learn while ding tw things, yu’re nt ging t learn as well. ____20____ It is imprtant t avid it while listening t audi bks t ensure best learning utcmes.
A. Hw d peple btain audi bks?
B. Yu can listen t audi bks anytime.
C. Multitasking can interrupt effective learning.
D. Researchers cnduct an experiment t figure it ut.
E. Why are mre and mre peple chsing audi bks?
F. One f the main advantages f audi bks is cnvenience.
G. It reveals that bth activities excite almst the same parts f the brain.
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. D 19. G 20. C
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。有声读物如今变得非常流行。文章主要介绍了有声读物的优点，以及就我们从有声读物中获取知识是否像从纸质书中一样有效进行了研究，研究表明有声读物和纸质书一样有效，但是一些人仍然认为纸质书更有效。
【16题详解】
上文“Audi bks have becme quite ppular these days. (有声读物如今变得非常流行。)”指出有声读物如今很流行，下文“Is listening t an audi bk just as beneficial as reading a bk?(听有声读物和读书一样有益吗？)”提出疑问，听有声读物是否有益，由此推知，空处提问有声读物变得流行的原形，E项“为什么越来越多的人选择有声读物？”符合，故选E。
【17题详解】
下文“Hwever, audi bks prvide flexibility and allw individuals t engage in ther activities while listening. And it gives yur eyes a break, t.(然而，有声读物提供了灵活性，允许个人在聆听的同时从事其他活动。它还可以让您的眼睛得到休息)”指出有声读物的好处，即很方便，F项“有声读物的主要优点之一是方便。”能概括本段内容，故选F。
【18题详解】
上文“But the big questin is, d we get knwledge frm audi bks as effectively as we d frm paper bks?(但最大的问题是，我们从有声读物中获取知识是否像从纸质书中获取知识一样有效？)”提出问题——们从有声读物中获取知识是否像从纸质书中获取知识一样有效，下文“Vlunteers in grup ne were asked t listen t an audi bk while vlunteers in grup tw read a bk f the same cntent. Surprisingly, bth grups recalled the same amunt f infrmatin, whether they listened t it r read it.(第一组的志愿者被要求听一本有声读物，而第二组的志愿者则阅读一本内容相同的书。令人惊讶的是，无论是听还是读，两组人都回忆起相同数量的信息。)”介绍了一项实验的内容和结果，由此可知，空处引起下文，指出为了回答“我们从有声读物中获取知识是否像从纸质书中获取知识一样有效”这个问题，进行了一项实验，D项“研究人员进行了一项实验来找出答案。”符合，故选D。
【19题详解】
上文“Anther study published in the Jurnal f Neurscience further supprted the result abve. In the study, researchers scanned (扫描) peple’s brains when they listened t and read bks. (《神经科学杂志》上发表的另一项研究进一步支持了上述结果。在这项研究中，研究人员扫描了人们听书和读书时的大脑。)”指出在一项研究中，研究人员扫描了人们听书和读书时的大脑，空处承接上文，应该介绍研究结果，G项“它表明，这两种活动都会刺激大脑的几乎相同部分。”符合题意，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“If yu’re trying t learn while ding tw things, yu’re nt ging t learn as well.(如果你想在做两件事的同时学习，你是学不到东西的。)”可知，多任务学习会影响学习效果，C项“多任务处理会中断有效的学习。”符合语境，承接上文，对上文进行总结，故选C。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
In 1978, Avril and Christpher Rwlands paid £6 fr a fir (冷杉), brught it t their new hme in the pretty village f Inkberry. After ____21____ their first Christmas tgether, they planted the tree in their frnt garden t ____22____ their first Christmas in their new hme. It has ____23____ grwn ver the years and nwadays, it ____24____ ver their fur-bedrm prperty—measuring abut 50 feet. Each December the cuple decrate their giant fir with thusands f fairy lights which they switch n fr the ____25____ .
The tree is s ____26____ that a cherry picker is used t reach the tp branches and add the star t the tp. The lighted tree is ne f the brightest landmarks (标志性建筑) in Inkberrw, which is ne f UK’s darkest villages ____27____ there being n street lights.
Avril and Christpher’s fir nw attracts thusands f peple wh ____28____ their tree every December. As a retired TV writer, Avril said, “We lve ding the Christmas lights. The ____29____can be seen frm miles arund n nights and peple ____30____ t see it. It’s becme smething f a (an) ____31____ fr peple in the village and beynd. It even ____32____ me t write a children’s bk abut the tree called The Laxfrd Huse Christmas Tree.“ The cuple ask fr peple wh admire the tree t make a ____33____ and ver the years they have raised thusands f punds fr charity.
“The tree is really ____34____,” said the retired BBC editr Christpher. “During COVID, it was lit, like a beac (灯塔) f ____35____.”
21.A. cnsumingB. enjyingC. perceivingD. planning
22.A. defendB. supprtC. expseD. mark
23.A. initiallyB. steadilyC. tightlyD. severely
24.A. runsB. standsC. swingsD. stretches
25.A. strangersB. passers-byC. villagersD. travelers
26.A. tallB. attractiveC. uniqueD. bright
27.A. in spite fB. by means fC. in case fD. n accunt f
28.A. sptB. viewC. decrateD. water
29.A. treeB. lightC. giftD. garden
30.A. struggleB. crwdC. marchD. parade
31.A. appetiteB. fashinC. traditinD. trend
32.A. inspiredB. persuadedC. allwedD. cnvinced
33.A. differenceB. decisinC. dnatinD. frtune
34.A. rareB. slightC. secureD. special
35.A. hpeB. kindnessC. successD. pride
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. A
【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了1978 年，Avril和Christpher Rwlands花了 6 英镑买了一棵冷杉，这棵树长得很大，每年十二月，这对夫妇都会用数千盏仙女灯来装饰他们的巨型冷杉，并为村民打开这些彩灯，如今这棵亮着灯的树是Inkberrw最亮的地标之一。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一起度过了第一个圣诞节后，他们在前花园种下了这棵树，以纪念他们在新家的第一个圣诞节。A. cnsuming消费；B. enjying喜欢；过得愉快；C. perceiving认为；理解；D. planning计划。由下文“their first Christmas tgether,”可知，他们一起愉快地度过了圣诞节，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一起度过了第一个圣诞节后，他们在前花园种下了这棵树，以纪念他们在新家的第一个圣诞节。A. defend防御；B. supprt支持；C. expse暴露；D. mark做标记，纪念。由上文“they planted the tree in their frnt garden t”和下文“their first Christmas in their new hme”可知，他们在前花园种下了这棵树，是为了纪念他们在新家的第一个圣诞节，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：多年来，它一直在稳步长大，如今，它已经覆盖了他们的四居室房产，面积约为50英尺。A. initially最初；B. steadily稳定地；C. tightly紧紧地；D. severely严重地。由下文“grwn ver the years”可知，多年来这棵树应该是稳步长大，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，它一直在稳步长大，如今，它已经覆盖了他们的四居室房产，面积约为50英尺。A. runs跑步；B. stands站；C. swings摆动；D. stretches延伸；伸长。由下文“ver their fur-bedrm prperty—measuring abut 50 feet”和上文提到的它一直稳步增长可知，如今它延伸覆盖到了四居室房产，面积约为50英尺。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每年十二月，这对夫妇都会用数千盏仙女灯来装饰他们的巨型冷杉，并为村民打开这些彩灯。A. strangers陌生人；B. passers-by路人；C. villagers村民；D. travelers旅行者。由下文“The lighted tree is ne f the brightest landmarks (标志性建筑) in Inkberrw, which is ne f UK’s darkest villages”可知，villagers是同词复现，此处指出为村民打开这些彩灯。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这棵树太高了，以至于需要使用樱桃采摘机到达顶部树枝并将星星添加到顶部。A. tall高的；B. attractive有吸引力的；C. unique独特的；D. bright明亮的。由下文“that a cherry picker is used t reach the tp branches and add the star t the tp.”可知，这棵树长得很高，需要使用樱桃采摘机到达顶部树枝并将星星添加到顶部，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：这棵亮着灯的树是Inkberrw最亮的地标之一，由于没有路灯，Inkberrw是英国最黑暗的村庄之一。A. in spite f尽管；B. by means f通过；C. in case f以防；D. n accunt f由于。下文“there being n street lights.”是上文“which is ne f UK’s darkest villages”的原因，应用n accunt f“由于”。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾薇儿和克里斯托弗的圣诞树现在每年十二月都会吸引成千上万的人来观赏他们的圣诞树。A. spt认出；B. view看待，观赏；C. decrate装饰；D. water浇水。由下文“The lighted tree is ne f the brightest landmarks (标志性建筑) in Inkberrw”可知，这棵亮着灯的树是Inkberrw最亮的地标之一，所以每年十二月都会吸引成千上万的人来观赏这棵圣诞树。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：夜晚，几英里外都可以看到这棵树，人们纷纷前来观看。A. tree树；B. light灯；C. gift礼物；D. garden花园。由上文“Avril and Christpher’s fir nw attracts thusands f peple wh _______their tree every December.”可知，成千上万的人来观赏这棵圣诞树，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：夜晚，几英里外都可以看到这棵树，人们纷纷前来观看。A. struggle挣扎；B. crwd聚集，挤满；C. march行进；D. parade游行。由上文“Avril and Christpher’s fir nw attracts thusands f peple wh _______their tree every December.”可知，成千上万的人聚集在这里，观赏这棵圣诞树，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这已经成为村里内外人们的一种传统。A. appetite胃口；B. fashin时尚；C. traditin传统；D. trend趋势。由下文“Avril and Christpher’s fir nw attracts thusands f peple wh _______ their tree every December.”可知，每年十二月都会吸引成千上万的人来观赏这棵圣诞树，这已经成为一种传统，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它甚至启发我写了一本关于这棵树的儿童读物，名为《拉克斯福德之家圣诞树》。A. inspired激励；B. persuaded劝说；C. allwed允许；D. cnvinced使确信。由下文“me t write a children’s bk abut the tree called The Laxfrd Huse Christmas Tree”可知，这棵树启发作者写了一本关于这棵树的儿童读物，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇请求欣赏这棵树的人们捐款，多年来他们已经为慈善事业筹集了数千英镑。A. difference差别；B. decisin决心；C. dnatin捐赠物，捐款；D. frtune运气。由下文“and ver the years they have raised thusands f punds fr charity.”可知，多年来他们已经为慈善事业筹集了数千英镑，这说明这对夫妇请求欣赏这棵树的人们捐款，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这棵树真的很特别，”退休的BBC编辑克里斯托弗说。A. rare稀有的；B. slight稍微的；C. secure安全的；D. special特别的。由上文“The lighted tree is ne f the brightest landmarks (标志性建筑) in Inkberrw, which is ne f UK’s darkest villages_______ there being n street lights.”和下文“During COVID, it was lit, like a beac (灯塔) f _______”可知，这棵亮着灯的树是Inkberrw最亮的地标之一，由此可知，这棵树很特别。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在新冠疫情期间，它被点亮了，就像希望的灯塔一样。A. hpe希望；B. kindness友善；C. success成功；D. pride骄傲。由上文“During COVID, it was lit, like a beac (灯塔) ”可知，新冠期间这棵树被点亮，给人们希望，故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In China, paper-cutting is ne f the treasures f traditinal culture. It uses paper ____36____ a material and creates varius patterns and shapes thrugh the cutting and carving f scissrs r knives. The histry f paper-cutting ____37____ (date) back t the Han Dynasty, when peple began t use paper-cutting t decrate drs, windws, and screens. With the passage f time, paper-cutting ____38____ (gradual) develped int a unique art frm and spread thrughut the cuntry.
The themes f paper-cutting are very extensive, ____39____(include) animals, plants, characters, fairy tales, and s n. The mst cmmn themes are zdiac signs and the character “fu” (gd frtune), ____40____ symblize gd luck and happiness. The prductin prcess f paper-cutting requires patience and skill. First, artists need t draw sketches (草图) ____41____ (base) n the theme and shape t be expressed n paper. Then, they use scissrs r knives ____42____ (cut) and carve alng the lines f the sketch, cutting ut varius shapes and patterns. Finally, the cut patterns ____43____ (stick) t paper r ther items t cmplete a beautiful paper-cutting wrk.
Paper-cutting is nt nly ____44____ art frm, but als a cultural heritage. It shws the _____45_____(wise) and creativity f the Chinese peple, cnveying the values and beauty f Chinese culture. Therefre, we shuld treasure and inherit (继承) this valuable cultural heritage.
【答案】36. as 37. dates 38. gradually 39. including 40. which 41. based 42. t cut 43. are stuck 44. an 45. wisdm
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了剪纸艺术的历史以及剪纸的过程。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：它以纸为材料，通过剪刀或刀的切割和雕刻，创造出各种各样的图案和形状。此处为短语use sth. as表示“用作……”。故填as。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：剪纸的历史可以追溯到汉代，当时人们开始用剪纸来装饰门、窗、屏风。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为The histry f paper-cutting，谓语用三单形式。故填dates。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：随着时间的推移，剪纸逐渐发展成为一种独特的艺术形式，并传遍全国。修饰动词develp应用副词gradually，故填gradually。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：剪纸的主题非常广泛，包括动物、植物、人物、童话等等。后跟名词作宾语，表示“包括”应用介词including。故填including。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：最常见的主题是十二生肖和“福”字，象征着好运和幸福。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the character “fu”，在从句作主语，指物，应用关系代词which，故填which。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，艺术家需要根据要在纸上表达的主题和形状画草图。句中已有谓语动词need，空处应用非谓语动词；分析句子结构可知base与逻辑主语sketches构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填based。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，他们用剪刀或刀沿着草图的线条切割和雕刻，剪出各种形状和图案。短语use sth. t d sth.表示“用某物做某事”。故填t cut。
【43题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：最后，将剪纸图案粘在纸上或其他物品上，完成一件美丽的剪纸作品。主语与谓语构成被动关系，陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为patterns，谓语用复数。故填are stuck。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：剪纸不仅是一种艺术形式，也是一种文化遗产。frm为可数名词，此处为泛指，且art是发音以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：它展示了中国人民的智慧和创造力，传达了中国文化的价值和美。作动词的宾语，应用名词wisdm，不可数。故填wisdm。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，你校的某位外籍交换生在校英文报“Ask and Reply”栏目中求助，说自己刚到中国不久，语言不通，朋友不多，心理压力很大。请你就此来信给出建议。
注意：
1.词数80 左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear newcmer,
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Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear newcmer,
I’ve read yur prblems in the newspaper and I understand quite well that yu are anxius.
It is true that learning a new language and adjusting t a new envirnment take time. Actually, language is yur advantage, which yu can take f t help yur classmates t learn English. And I believe they wuld be glad t help yu with yur Chinese.
What’s mre, taking part in sme activities r jining schl clubs wuld be a gd chice, which prvides a chance t meet new peple and gets familiar with the envirnment. Yu may even make new friends.
Enjy yur life in China and have a gd time here.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was already afraid f the water. After experiencing a shark attack when I was eight years ld n a family trip t Flrida, I barely went in the cean any deeper than my knees. By shark, I mean dlphin, and by attack, I mean he was bbbing arund in the water abut five miles frm shre, but peple were screaming “SHARK!”and waving their hands arund alng the castline. Real shark r nt, that mment stuck with me. That memry, cupled with being freezing in any weather less than thirty degrees Celsius (摄氏), made the idea f plunging (投入) int cld water a hard pass.
My husband, Mike, had been cld plunging (冰浴) fr years and wuld present me with facts t prve that it was a gd thing. By ding s, yu experience benefits such as heightened energy, immune (免疫的) system supprt, bsted md, better sleep, and stress reductin. It was an appealing list f benefits—nne f which mattered t me. What was presented as a clear “wnder drug” was still nt attractive enugh fr me t get ut f my warm huse and g swimming. Did I mentin that I live in Canada? It’s minus twenty degrees Celsius here smetimes.
On New Year’s Day, Mike invited me t his cld plunging. I had been thinking less abut health data and mre abut my cnfidence. D yu want t d smething hard? Smething brave? I asked myself. Smething cmpletely scary, uncmfrtable and seemingly crazy, r d yu want t say n and fcus n all f the reasns why yu wuldn’t dare? I put n my swimsuit, cvered it up with eighteen wl sweaters, and jined Mike fr the adventure.
In fairness, it was a beautiful day. This made the scary thing feel a little mre reasnable as Inegtiated (谈判；协商) with myself the entire twelve-minute drive. My heart was already punding. We had packed a bag with twels, blankets, warm water fr cleaning ur sandy feet, and a ht cup f cffee t warm ur hands.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was determined t d the hard thing.
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I have nw been cld plunging fr ver a year.
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【参考范文】
I was determined t d the hard thing. I dipped a te in the icy waters. Slwly, I inched my legs frward until the waves unexpectedly climbed up t my kneecaps. My first cld plunging lasted five secnds. I was ut f that water faster than a ball frm a cannn. I screamed, laughed, and tripped. I had dne it! The feeling f accmplishment washed away all my fears. I already knew I had the curage t g under, but nw I had t wrk n staying there. The fllwing week I stayed a little lnger. I taught myself I culd trust myself, knwing that I was mre pwerful than that taunting vice in my head.
I have nw been cld dipping fr ver a year. In the depths f winter, I have brken thrugh ice and breathed thrugh the icy cld. I enjy thse mments mre than any ther part f my day. I am thinking nly abut survival, nt my car payment, the garden that needs cleaning, r my gray hair. The first thirty secnds are still challenging, and l always get a little nervus befre I step int the lake r cean. But I have learned t relax in this state f immersin. What began as a place f fear has becme a place f finding happiness.
听力答案：1~5 BABAA 6~10 CACBB 11~15 CCBBA 16~20 BAACC