专题06核心知识点+题型练习(选择性必修二）复习-高二英语寒假衔接【外研版】

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1. 核心词汇
2. 必背短语
3. 重点句式
4. 题型训练
核心词汇
legal adj. 合法的，法律的
instantly adv. 立即，马上 cnj.一……就……
gradual adj. 逐渐的，逐步的
apprve v. 赞成，同意，批准
steady adj. 稳定的，持续的
cmmitment n. 投入，花费；承诺
suitable adj. 合适的
varied adj. 各种各样的
digest v. 消化
cnsequence n. 后果
cnclusin n. 结论
switch v. 改变，转换
mtivate v. 激发；激励
ccupy v. 占用，占去
apprpriate adj. 恰当的；合适的
cnsiderate adj. 替他人着想的；关切的，体贴的
prmte v. 促进，增进；晋升，提升
equip v. 使有知识和技能，使能够胜任；装备，配备
sympathy n. 同情
cmpete v. 竞争
expand v. 扩大；增加
intend v. 计划，打算
access n. 接触的机会；使用权
cnvince v. 使信服；说服
assist v. 协助，帮助
vital adj. 极其重要的
relieve v. 给（某人）换班；减轻，缓解
devte v. 献身；致力；把……用于
minrity n. 少数派；少数
appetite n. 胃口，食欲；欲望，喜爱
decrease v. 使变小，使减少
explde v.突然增加；爆炸
we v. 应该做；欠；归功于
cmparisn n. 比较
rarely adv. 很少，难得
【考点再现】
单词拼写
1.There has been a clse (联系；纽带) between them ever since he saved the by frm drwning.
2. Bth f us had the qualities and (美德) that are typical f American actrs.
3. If yu drive this car withut a(n) (执照), yu'll have t answer fr the cnsequences.
4. The (工资) due t him will be paid tmrrw.
5. A terrible accident happened at the crssing and an (救护车) rushed the injured t the hspital.
6. Having spent the past year as an exchange student in Hng Kng, Linda appears mre (成熟的) than thse f her age.
7. The first article I wrte was a (概况) f the chemistry prfessr—the ne wh was named Teacher f the Year.
8. If yu want t cntribute t ur newspaper, please send me yur article befre the (截止日期).
9. Yu shuld make an aplgy t smene yu hurt at a(n) (合适的) time.
10. We shuldn't sacrifice envirnmental prtectin t (促进) ecnmic grwth.
11. There is n dubt that glbal warming is a(n) (安全) threat t us all.
12. She fund it hard t keep bth ends meet, s the hstess decided t cut back n daily (必需品).
13. Over the past few (十年)，the cuntry has achieved fast ecnmic grwth.
14. He made a rude (手势) at the driver f the ther car.
15. After renvatin and (重建) the ld prt has changed beynd recgnitin.
16. The factry, which is reprted in the lcal newspapers, will insist n (改革) the present system which has slwed its develpment.
17. Lcal (倡议) t help yung peple have been inadequate.
18. This prvided a (坚实的) fundatin fr their marriage.
19. Trust is a vital (组成部分) in any relatinship.
20. Scientists cntinue t push back the (边界) f human knwledge.
21. (数据) shw that the average number f births per wman has fallen frm 4.9 in the early 1960s t 2.5 nwadays.
22. A nap can leave yu feeling refreshed and mre ready t (处理) the task at hand.
23. We are a (少数) and must cnvince peple f the justice f ur cause.
24. It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a (和谐的) atmsphere.
25. He had t endure six mnths' lss f (自由).
26. Our incme has gt smaller, s we must be (实际的) and sell ur car.
27. She has had t cpe with lsing all her previus (地位) and mney.
28. I can give yu a rugh (估计) f the amunt f wd yu will need.
29. Hw imprtant it is t have self­esteem! Self­awareness plays a (极其重要的) part f building yur self­esteem.
30. They are cautiusly (乐观的) that the refrms will take place.
必背短语
have a say 有发言权
in charge f 掌管，负责
behind the wheel 在驾驶汽车
was bsessed with 沉迷于
be related t 与……相关
in the lng term 从长远来看
in the act f 正在做……时
switch n 打开
lay aside 把……搁置一边；留存
devte neself t 致力于，献身于
be cncerned with 关心；与……有关
care abut 关心；担心；在乎
pick up 捡起，拿起
be up t 正在做；忙于
rely n/upn 依赖，依靠；信赖，信任
a bunch f一群
thrw in the twel 认输
take up 占用；占据
put ff 推迟，延期
intend t d sth. 打算做某事
drp in 顺便拜访，临时拜访
take ver 接管，接任
pp up 突然出现
in favur f 支持，赞成
take chances 冒险
risk 使……处境危险
in memry f 为了纪念……
lk t 指望，依赖；期待，展望
bring frth 使产生，使出现；生产
mind 考虑到
break dwn 分解；出故障；失败；（身体）垮掉
take in 吸收；理解
把……加到……中
in ne’s way 挡住某人的去路；妨碍某人
have n chice but t d 除了做……之外别无选择
under cnstructin 在建设中
fit in with 适应，与……一致
get rid f 摆脱，除去，消除
wipe ut 彻底摧毁，消灭
cnsist f 由……组成
【考点再现】
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．Will yu be cmpletely (掌控)yur wn life and able t express yurself in new and exciting ways?
2．Surely, if yu're ld enugh t earn a wage and pay taxes, yu shuld be allwed t (有发言权) n hw the gvernment spends them!
3．My mum wrries abut me being (在驾驶汽车).
4．As a yung by, he (沉迷于)aerplanes, riding in ne fr the first time at the age f 12.
5．It was a picture f a ba cnstrictr (正在做……时) swallwing an animal.
6．With the detx nw finished, they've (打开) their devices and they're back nline.
7．I'm embarrassed t say that I (认输) n the first day!
8．Recent headlines have seen mre and mre teens (刷爆) their parents' credit cards n games r ther nline activities.
9．Althugh this culd likewise invlve (储存) mney fr yur university educatin, it als means investing in yurself.
10. The bkstre, which was a legendary fixture in the neighbrhd, was a place where anyne culd _________________(顺便访问) and cnnect thrugh their lve f bks.
11．__________________(一群) us kids wuld frequently drp by the stre after schl.
12．The campaign had been led by Jennifer Oakley, a saleswman wh had grwn up in the neighbrhd and wh had nw (接管) the bkstre frm Casey.
13．I jined Casey, wh was lking up at the screen n which readers' cmments kept (突然出现).
14．I knew I was (让……处于危险中), but I thught, “If I dn't d it, wh will？”
15．The man was Abraham Lincln, President f the United States f America, and he was there ____________________(为纪念……) the sldiers wh had died.
16．His speech gave them hpe, belief and a reasn t (指望) the future.
17．Tday, fxes can be seen all ver Lndn—ne even being fund living n the 72nd flr f the Shard building when it was (在建造中)!
18．Sme animals have even changed their living habits t (适应) their new hmes.
19．In the 1960s and 1970s, the greatest fear was that the human race, and pssibly all advanced life frms n the planet, culd be (彻底摧毁，消灭) by nuclear missiles just at the push f a buttn.
20．It (由……组成) a clsed space in which peple, animals and plants culd live tgether.
重点句式
as if 引导方式状语从句
教材原句
I expected t feel instantly different, as if I had clsed the dr n my childhd and stepped int a whle new adult wrld.
我曾经期待马上会有不一样的感觉，就好像自己关闭了童年的大门，踏进一个全新的成人世界。
句式仿写
He acted as if _________________ in England befre.
他的举动就好像他之前从未在英国生活过一样。
nw that既然，引导原因状语从句
教材原句
Yu asked if I have been thinking a lt abut the future nw that I’m 17.
你问我既然17岁了，是否一直对未来思考很多。
句式仿写
________________________ what we are up against, hw d we mve frward?
既然我们知道面对的问题是什么，那么我们应当如何向前推进？
疑问词+不定式
课本原句
It helped students learn hw t best cmmunicate using scial media.
它帮助学生学会如何最好地使用社交媒体进行交流。
句式仿写
I shuld be instructed _________________.
应当通知我出发的时间。
与现在事实相反的虚拟语气
教材原句
What wuld yu d if yu had t give up scial media fr a week?
如果你不得不放弃使用社交媒体一周，你会做什么？
句式仿写
If I had mre time, _____________________________.
如果我有更多时间，我会学习一门新语言。
the way+定语从句
教材原句
T understand hw peple feel abut the way life has changed in Shenzhen this century.
了解人们对本世纪深圳生活方式变化的感受。
句式仿写
She was pleased with the way ___________________ her criticism.
她对他接受她的批评的方式感到高兴。
过去分词短语作后置定语
教材原句
It is an independent, nn-prfit rganizatin whse missin is t prvide medical care t thse affected by cnflict, epidemics, disasters r a lack f access t health care.
它是一个独立的非盈利组织，其使命是为那些受到冲突、流行病、灾难影响或缺乏医疗看保健的人提供医疗服务。
句式仿写
The plan __________________ the prject is under discussin.
与该项目相关的计划正在讨论中。
否定词位于句首引起的部分倒装
课本原句
Nr wuld they fail t imagine hw its native inhabitants , including ryal penguins, king penguins, and elephant seals, existed in perfect harmny with their natural habitat fr thusands f years.
句式仿写
Nr ____________________ the kind f life he had always dreamt abut.
他也没有让疾病阻止他过上梦想中的生活。
n matter+疑问词引导让步状语从句
课本原句
N matter hw many crimes he cmmitted, the plice were pwerless t arrest him.
不论他犯罪多少次，警方都无法抓捕到他。
句式仿写
______________________ the Internet is, we shuldn’t be separated frm ur lved nes.
无论互联网多么有吸引力，我们都不应该与我们所爱的人分开。
as if引导表语从句
课本原句
With fxes in Lndn, muntain lins in San Francisc and wild pigs in Hng Kng, it is almst as if ur cities are being taken ver by wild animals.
伦敦出现了狐狸，旧金山出现了美洲狮，香港出现了野猪，我们的城市就像是被野生动物给占领了。
句式仿写
It lks _____________________, s yu might need t bring an umbrella.
看起来要下雨了，所以你可能要带把伞。
不定式短语作表语
课本原句
One ptin is t explre ther planets t see if we culd live n them.
一种选择是探索其他星球，看看我们能否在上面生活。
句式仿写
The purpse f educatin is______________________ in children.
教育的目的是发展儿童好的品格。
题型训练
一、阅读理解
A
Drne (无人机) light shws are becming especially ppular in the West. By nw, if yu live n the U. S. East r West Casts, yu’ve prbably been trubled by wildfire smke. The fires are increasing in frequency and intensity as climate change wrsens. And firewrks, as yu can guess frm their name, cause fires — mre than yu might think.
That’s what caused a handful f Califrnia twns t quit firewrks and turn t drnes last year. Sydney, Australia, knwn fr its massive firewrks display, is cnsidering ding the same due t the risk f wildfires. And fire danger is nw tp f mind fr many U. S. cities as the Independence Day, r the American natinal day, nears.
In additin t reducing the risk f fires, drne light shws present a safer alternative fr the flks behind the curtain. Firewrks injured mre than 10,000 peple last year because they can accidentally erupt while n the grund. Drnes wn’t. And since light shws are required t keep the grund belw the shw clear, there’s n risk f a drne falling frm the sky int the crwd.
Drnes are als less disturbing, creating nly a light buzzing nise. Firewrks, n the ther hand, can burst yur eardrum if yu’re standing clse enugh. That’s a nuisance fr sme families with animals, small children, r ther peple wh are sensitive t nise.
But perhaps the biggest reasn fr the switch t drnes is that they’re thught t be greener. Besides starting fires, firewrk smke leaves behind a trail f harmful chemicals and is cnsidered a pllutant. Drnes are als a reusable ptin, capable f flying ptentially hundreds f shws befre they even require maintenance. That’s a huge benefit t the envirnment — and t the cmpanies paying t put n these perfrmances.
At the end f the day, thugh, sme cities are likely switching t drnes simply because they’re cler. That’s nt t say that firewrks aren’t cl. But drnes allw fr mre creativity, with the ability t synchrnize (同步) lights t music and recreate cmplex images in the sky.
Nevertheless, it’s still t early t rush t the cnclusin that drnes will cmpletely take the place f firewrks in the near future.
1．Why are firewrks given up in sme twns?
A．They are t expensive.B．They bring alng fire risks.
C．They speed up climate change.D．They are nt cl any mre.
2．Hw des the authr develp paragraph 3?
A．By making a cmparisn.B．By analyzing causes and effects.
C．By giving a definitin.D．By referring t data frm previus studies.
3．What des the underlined wrd “nuisance” in paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A．Reward.B．Attractin.C．Instance.D．Annyance.
4．What will the authr prbably cntinue t talk abut?
A．The ptential challenges drnes will face.
B．The similarities shared by drnes and firewrks.
C．The imprtance f drnes in prmting ecnmy.
D．The strng cmpetitin frm cmpanies in different industries.
B
One f the defining characteristics f children is that they play. They run arund in circles, crash with things, and jump in puddles — nt with any purpse in mind, but simply fr the fun f it.
And that’s exactly hw psychlgists define play: as a self-directed, intrinsically (内在地) mtivated activity with n purpse utside the activity itself. Play is what we d just fr the jy f it.
In children, play is seen as nrmal and natural, and as a pwerful way t learn. But as we grw up, we cme t see play as unnecessary. We may fault urselves fr playing when we culd be getting things dne. At best, we see play as reward fr a lng day’s wrk, a means t uplift urselves r a way t relax befre diving back int the trubles f ur everyday lives.
But play isn’t just a way t let ff steam and reduce stress. Fitting playtime int yur day is imprtant fr wrking prductivity. Play is a basic emtinal system, essential in bth child develpment and adult creativity. Studies als shw that it increases jb satisfactin, resurcefulness and innvatin. Mre imprtantly, play prepares us t tackle the unexpected by bradening the breadth f experiences yu have t draw frm when meeting new challenges.
What separates play frm real life is the lack f risks. Play prvides a safe envirnment t learn cgnitive (认知的), mtr and scial skills and t make mistakes withut serius cnsequences. When a sldier n the battlefield tries t avid enemy fire, it may cause them psychlgical damage because their life is n the line. But if yu d the same mvement in a game, yu’re prbably having a gd time.
Like ther basic drives such as eating, play is pleasurable. But what evlutinary purpse des it serve? The mst pssible scientific explanatin is that play teaches us hw t address the unexpected. The wrld is unpredictable, and t survive, we need t adapt t new situatins. Play is a way f experimenting with varius cmbinatins t see what wrks and develping flexible respnses t unfreseen events. We’re nt brn with an understanding f hw the wrld wrks. Play is hw we figure it ut.
5．What is the mtivatin fr children t play?
A．The pure jy f playing itself.
B．Their keen interest in everything.
C．Their desire t challenge themselves.
D．The wrking prductivity they receive frm playing.
6．What d the underlined wrds “let ff steam” in paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A．Get fresh experience.B．Brave the difficulties.
C．Relieve negative emtins.D．Becme pwerful gradually.
7．What is the evlutinary purpse f play?
A．T imprve adults’ creativity.B．T prepare us fr the unknwn future.
C．T help with the psychlgical damage.D．T bst children’s cgnitive develpment.
8．What can we learn abut play frm this passage?
A．Play cmes t be the best surce f entertainment.
B．Play prmtes creativity and explratin in us all.
C．Play serves little practical purpse in evlutin.
D．Play benefits persnal lives in numerus ways.
二、七选五
A large number f peple start experiencing strng lneliness in the few mnth fllwing their graduatin. Many peple mistakenly think that lneliness can be ended by having mre friends r by meeting new peple. 1 S what causes lneliness and why d s many peple experience it right after graduatin?
2 Sme f the main characteristics f a clse relatinship are cmmn interests, penness and cmmn life challenges. During cllege r high schl years, mst f the peple in a grup will have the same prblem, s they can talk abut their cmmn prblems, think tgether f slutins and even help each ther g thrugh them. 3
Hwever, after graduatin each persn usually takes a different path and finds himself fighting his wn unique battle. Prblems becme n lnger cmmn between the same grup f peple because each f them develps his wn special nes. Friends can becme less cnnected t each ther when each ne f them lives a different life. 4
In such a case tw things can be dne. Yu can either share yur new prblems with yur ld friends and make sure yu listen t theirs r yu can make mre friends at yur new jb t share with them what’s ging n in yur new stage f life. 5 When yu d s, stick t them, share yur prblems with them and yu will never feel lnely.
A．What happens t the same grup after graduatin?
B．Lneliness can never appear in such an envirnment.
C．This gradually reduces clseness and prmtes lneliness.
D．In fact, a persn with quiet a few friends can still feel lnely.
E．Lneliness happens when yu dn’t have clse relatinships.
F．The key is t find peple wh are fighting the same battle as yu.
G．Hw lng it lasts relies n what actins yu will take during that perid.
三、完形填空
Masn Branstratr has always been an athlete, but three years ag, at just 17 years ld, his active 1 changed frever.
“I was ging fr a cmmn day f dwnhill skiing, but this time, it was a lt different,” Masn, an experienced skier, tld CBS News. “I remember thinking right as I left the jump, ‘I’ m ging a little fast.’ And that was the last thing I remembered befre everything went 2 .”
Masn brke his T-12 vertebra (脊椎), which affects lwer bdy 3 . He was paralyzed (瘫痪) frm the waist dwn. Masn culdn’t 4 the fact that he might never walk again. “It was just 5 ,” he said.
After he left hspital, his parents advised him t 6 the gd. Sn, he became mre 7 .
“The first time I gt in a wheelchair, I felt s free,” he said. “In this really hard situatin — unable t walk — sitting in a wheelchair means yu’re given freedm and 8 . And peple lk at the wheelchair and say, ‘It’s awful t be limited t using a wheelchair.’ But this wheelchair desn’t 9 me. It’s actually my freedm.”
Still, he said being in a wheelchair is nt easy and it takes him lnger t d mst things peple cnsider 10 , like getting in his car. Masn has t get ut f his wheelchair, balance himself against his vehicle 11 which is equipped t hld his wheelchair in the back seat. Then he slides int the frnt seat. But thse challenges haven’t 12 him frm playing sprts and living a gd life.
Nt nly that, Masn fund a way t 13 thers.
He started sharing his experiences in Instagram t cnnect with thers wh had physical 14 , and nw has nearly 270,000 fllwers. “And then, it just kept evlving and mre peple caught n t my stry — peple wh weren’t paralyzed started being 15 . And I just lved ding it,” he said.
1．A．educatinB．lifestyleC．strategyD．design
2．A．clearB．easyC．smthD．black
3．A．examinatinsB．preparatinsC．arrangementsD．functins
4．A．exchangeB．dubtC．acceptD．explre
5．A．disastrusB．amazingC．bringD．cnfusing
6．A．check utB．make upC．fcus nD．wrk ut
7．A．depressedB．psitiveC．creativeD．respnsible
8．A．wisdmB．independenceC．pressureD．curisity
9．A．defineB．cmfrtC．supprtD．limit
10．A．simpleB．abnrmalC．thrillingD．essential
11．A．cnfidentlyB．effrtlesslyC．painfullyD．creatively
12．A．frcedB．encuragedC．stppedD．bsted
13．A．persuadeB．helpC．treatD．hurt
14．A．disabilitiesB．needsC．attractinsD．relatinships
15．A．annyedB．refusedC．blamedD．inspired
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
The La She Theater Festival, 1 annual cultural event in Beijing, 2 (celebrate) renwned (著名的) Chinese playwright and nvelist La She (1899-1966).
Named 3 the famus writer, 4 wrks explre scial issues in mdern China with wit and humanism, the festival features perfrmances f La She’s plays and ther cntemprary theatrical wrks. On Sept 27, the eighth editin f the festival was annunced at the Beijing Tianqia Perfrming Arts Center. In the fllwing three mnths, 35 theatrical prductins will be staged in the capital with 90 perfrmances 5 (divide) int seven sectins.
The festival shwcases a variety f theatrical perfrmances nt just by La She 6 als new plays by cntemprary playwrights frm China and beynd. These prductins explre themes relevant t mdern audiences, including scial issues, cultural identity and human nature. Since its launch in 2017, the festival 7 (supprt) many yung theater lvers. Eighteen theatrical prductins by students f Chinese universities will be staged during the festival, selected amng 60 prductins frm 33 8 (university).
Last year, the festival cmmissined directr Fang Xu t adapt La She’s classic nvel Rickshaw By int a play. 9 (feature) an all-male cast, the play has been staged in ver 20 shws acrss the cuntry. On Sunday and Mnday, it was staged again at the Beijing Tianqia Perfrming Arts Center. Fang says that while literature is ften the prduct f a single authr’s visin, theatrical prductins are 10 (high) cllabrative (合作的).
五、应用文写作
假如你是国际学校学生李华。你想要参加学校的无人机社团，但是遭到了父母的反对，你感到很苦恼。请你给外教 Chris写一封信，向他求助。内容包括：
1. 你面临的问题；
2. 希望得到对方帮助。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 文中不得出现你所在学校的具体名称。（补充词汇：无人机社团 the drne club）
Dear Jackie,
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六、读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Once upn a time, in a small twn called Meadwville, there was a grup f students wh attended Meadwville Elementary Schl. These students were nt just classmates; they were als gd friends wh believed in helping each ther and grwing tgether.
One day, a new student named Lily jined their class. Lily was very shy and fund it difficult t make friends. She spent mst f her time alne, sitting quietly in the crner f the classrm and reading bks during breaks. The ther students nticed her and felt a sense f empathy (共情) . They knew that they had t d smething t help Lily cme ut f her shell.
Emma, ne f the mst ppular girls in the class, went t Lily ne day with a warm smile. She asked Lily if she wuld like t jin their lunchtime club. The club was frmed by the students wh lved reading and discussing bks. Lily hesitated fr a mment but sn ndded shyly.
As days went by, Lily started pening up mre. The club became a place where she culd express herself freely. The ther students were happy t see Lily’s change. They tk turns bringing their favrite bks t share with Lily, making sure she felt included.
One weekend, the students decided t have a picnic at the lcal park. They invited Lily t jin them. Despite her nervusness, Lily agreed and arrived with a packed lunch and her favrite bk. As they all sat tgether, sharing stries, laughter filled the air. Lily realized that she had fund a grup f friends wh truly cared abut her. They all had a great time.
The next week, their teacher annunced that each student was t prepare a bk presentatin. Emma thught maybe that wuld be a great pprtunity fr Lily, and everyne else in the club, except Lily, had the same thught.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hwever, Lily was nervus and hesitated.
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Finally, the big day arrived and Lily walked nt the stage.
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考点聚焦：核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢
重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺
难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升
学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破